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  • How can I programmatically change my windows domain password?

    - by Deestan
    In other words, how to change my password without going through the "CTRL-ALT-DEL - Change Password" interface. By programmatically I mean via a command-line tool, C# via a .NET library, COM-invocation via Python, ... whatever doesn't involve any manual steps, really. The "NET USER" command is ineligible, as it requires me to run with domain administrator privileges.

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  • htaccess on remote server issues - password prompt not accepting input

    - by pying saucepan
    EDIT: I will contact the university about my problem after labor day weekend, but I thought if someone knew a quick fix that I haven't tried, or if the problem has an obvious fix then I could hope to try my luck here, thanks! TLDR: Sorry its a long post, I thought I should be... thorough. I am having a common issue (found a dead thread through google with no solution to the same problem) with the prompt to enter in a username and password via htaccess rights, but this prompt will keep popping up asking for a username and password when trying to access my home directory on my university's server which has the .htaccess and .htpasswd files. It does not matter if I enter in correct or incorrect credentials, the prompt will keep asking me for input without displaying my home directory. Ever since I have included these ht files I have never once been able to get past the username/password no matter what I have tried, save for removing them from the directory I am trying to access (my top level directory that I own). This kind of served my original goal of making the top level directory inaccessible to casual users, but if I wanted to use this method on other places, I would want it to work as intended. And I also like it when computers do what I wish they would, so any help is appreciated. Some things I have tried: Changing the file/directory access rights: they told me to try these commands if people can't access my files cd ~/public_html find ./ -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; find ./ -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; enter in the single character name/pw at least twenty times in a row, no cheddar. so I changed directory with cd ~ in hopes that this would be my home directory, since my home directory contains the "public_html" directory, so logic tells me that the ~ tilde symbol is the top level directory that I have ownership of. Then I did those two commands to change the rights on the files inside, I am still having no luck. How I got to this point: I have been following the instructions given to me through my university's website for setting up my little directory. A link on how they describe how to password protect the home directory is given below: "Protect Web Directories" instructions I have everything in order except for one small detail that I feel probably does not matter. I am on windows and so I am using winSCP to remote control my allocated server space. The small detail is that as the instructions indicate (on step 3) that I should use the command htpasswd -c .htpasswd {username} where {username} is my folder that holds my allocated server space. But this command requires further input through the terminal, and unfortunately winSCP does not offer this kind of functionality. So I looked up some basic instructions on using htaccess and it is formatted correctly such that the .htaccess file appears as follows: AuthType Basic AuthName "Verify" AuthUserFile /correctpath/.htpasswd require valid-user and this file is in the root directory for my server space as well as the .htpasswd file which has only this data inside: username:password I know for sure that these two files must be formatted correctly, at least according to their tutorial, because before my path was incorrectly formatted via including some curly { braces } without knowing the correct way to do this at first. And the password prompt that shows up when accessing my directory responded by loading an error page indicating to contact OSU admin or something not important. But now that I have everything like it 'should' be. I know this because when I enter in my credentials "username and password" the prompt pops up for my username and password again and again whether or not I enter in correct information. The only exception is that if I click cancel it will direct me to a page saying that I need to enter in a username and password. Note that I am very inexperienced at server-related buisness, two days ago I couldn't have told you what a website actually consists of. So, if you use some technical jargon I may or may not need to look it up and get back to you before I actually understand what you mean, but I am a quick learner and it probably wont matter.

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  • Why am I asked for default's keyring at startup?

    - by Nicoco
    I'm prompted for default's keyring at every boot since 11.10 upgrade, even though I don't see any application I have needing at startup (I have no wifi, and disabled gwibber-service) How can I know which application is requesting it ? How can I disable it ? I can't even move any window until I enter the password, and sometimes entering the password even crashes X (bug reported here : https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xserver-xorg-input-evdev/+bug/882955)

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  • Google Sync brings back Login Keyring from previous distro: How to remove?

    - by Mridul Malpotra
    I previously had Ubuntu 12.04 and had my Login Keyring set to a password that I don't remember and am not able to guess. I changed my Linux version to Mint 15 Cinnamon recently, but everytime I sync my Google account with my browser, the Login Keyring keeps coming back. I tried the /Preferences/Password method but there is no file as such which is created. Also, .gnome2 folder doesn't have any keyring file. How can I make the box go away for all?

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  • windows 7 file explorer preview window and password protected word docs

    - by Carbonara
    When using the windows 7 explorer with the preview pane open you get a little preview of a file when you click on it. This includes Word and Excel spreadsheets etc. My problem is if the Word doc is password protected clicking on it in explorer automatically asks for the password to display its preview. It does this if you single or double clicking on it. You then get an empty Word instance running (which allows it to display the preview) and another instance of Word with your actual file and you're asked for the password twice in total. This is annoying and untidy. Is there a way of stopping the preview pane from wanting to display password protected documents and thus not asking for the password to display a preview?

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  • ssh login successful, but scp password gives me "Permission denied"

    - by YANewb
    I'm trying to get some blogging software up on an organizational remote server. I tried to set up a SSH Key but was having problems and decided that getting the blog up and running was more important than dealing with the SSH Key issue, so I ssh-keygen -R remoteserver.com. Now I can successfully login with ssh -v [email protected] and the correct password. Once logged in I can move around and read any file and directory that I should be able to read. But when I try to edit an existing -rw-r--r-- file with VIM, it shows up as read-only, if I try to edit permissions I get chmod: file.ext: Operation not permitted, and if I try to scp a new file from my local machine I'm prompted for the remote user's password, and then get scp: /home/path/to/file.ext: Permission denied. Since I didn't have any of these problems before I tried to set up the ssh key, I suspect these anomalies are a side effect of that, but I don't know how to troubleshoot this. So what does a foolish server-newb, such as myself, need to do to get edit capability back as a remote user? Addendum 1: My userids are different between my local machine and the remote server. For ssh I ssh -v [email protected]. if I whoami I get remoteuser For scp I scp file.ext [email protected]:/path/to/file.ext from the local directory with file.ext while logged in as the local user. if I whoami I get localuser The ls -l for two different files I've tried scp: -rw-r--r--@ 1 localuser localgroup 20 Feb 11 21:03 phpinfo.php -rw-r--r-- 1 root localgroup 4 Feb 11 22:32 test.txt The ls -l for the file I've tried to VIM: -rw-r--r-- 1 remoteuser remotegroup 76 Jul 27 2009 info.txt Addendum 2: In the past I've set up ssh-keys for git repositories. I don't want to completely destroy them, so in an attempt to follow a deer's train of thinking I renamed my ~/.ssh/ to ~/.ssh-bak/, then tested the different types of access. The abridged version of the terminal commands and results is below; I think everything is working until the 8th line from the end. localcomputer:~ localuser$ ssh -v [email protected] OpenSSH_5.2p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8l 5 Nov 2009 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug1: Connecting to remoteserver.com [###.###.###.###] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /Users/localuser/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/localuser/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/localuser/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.8p2 FreeBSD-20110503 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.8p2 FreeBSD-20110503 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.2 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY The authenticity of host 'remoteserver.com (###.###.###.###)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is ##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'remoteserver.com,###.###.###.###' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /Users/localuser/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /Users/localuser/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Trying private key: /Users/localuser/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password: debug1: Authentication succeeded (password). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. Last login: Sun Feb 12 18:00:54 2012 from 68.69.164.123 FreeBSD 6.4-RELEASE-p8 (VKERN) #1 r101746: Mon Aug 30 10:34:40 MDT 2010 [remoteuser@remoteserver /home]$ ls -l total ### -rw-r--r-- 1 remoteuser remotegroup 76 Aug 12 2009 info.txt [remoteuser@remoteserver /home]$ vim info.txt ~ {at the bottom of the VIM screen it tells me it's [read only]} [remoteuser@remoteserver /home]$ whoami remoteuser [remoteuser@remoteserver /home]$ logout debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0 debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype [email protected] reply 0 debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1 Connection to remoteserver.com closed. Transferred: sent 3872, received 12496 bytes, in 107.4 seconds Bytes per second: sent 36.1, received 116.4 debug1: Exit status 0 localcomputer:localdirectory name$ scp -v phpinfo.php [email protected]:/home/www/remotedirectory/phpinfo.php Executing: program /usr/bin/ssh host remoteserver.com, user remoteuser, command scp -v -t /home/www/remotedirectory/phpinfo.php OpenSSH_5.2p1, OpenSSL 0.9.8l 5 Nov 2009 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh_config debug1: Connecting to remoteserver.com [###.###.###.###] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /Users/localuser/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/localuser/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /Users/localuser/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.8p2 FreeBSD-20110503 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.8p2 FreeBSD-20110503 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.2 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host 'remoteserver.com' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /Users/localuser/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /Users/localuser/.ssh/identity debug1: Trying private key: /Users/localuser/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Trying private key: /Users/localuser/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Next authentication method: password [email protected]'s password: debug1: Authentication succeeded (password). debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug1: Sending command: scp -v -t /home/www/remotedirectory/phpinfo.php Sending file modes: C0644 20 phpinfo.php Sink: C0644 20 phpinfo.php scp: /home/www/remotedirectory/phpinfo.php: Permission denied debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0 debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1 debug1: fd 0 clearing O_NONBLOCK debug1: fd 1 clearing O_NONBLOCK Transferred: sent 1456, received 2160 bytes, in 0.6 seconds Bytes per second: sent 2322.3, received 3445.1 debug1: Exit status 1

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  • Escape a ! in the password parameter of wget

    - by Dave
    I'm trying to execute something like this: wget --user=foo --password=bar! url The ! in the password is causing problems. I've tried escaping it with \, as in --password=bar\! I've tried encapsulating in single and double quotes. I put the password in a separate file and tried --password=cat pass.txt Each time, I get a 403 Forbidden. Using -d, I see that the SSL handshake is successful. On the Windows command line, the command works. My assumption is that I need to escape the ! differently, but I don't know how else.

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  • Forgot password to development database

    - by ninja08
    I've created a database using terminal while following along with a tutorial. Although I had a lot of trouble getting the databases to install. Now after finally getting it to work I changed a few things, actually just the name of the database using the rake command to just "next". The password should be 'secret password'. How can I change the password or find out what it is or change it? It doesn't seem to be edited my databases.yml file with the password, especially since it still just says 'root' as username with now password in there.

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  • NIS AD password synch for new accounts

    - by user135004
    I have a Win2k3R2 DC with NIS. All is working well but its no longer synching the passwords for new accounts. When creating a new AD user, NIS does its thing and sends its Unix account to the synched linux server. It's doing everything its supposed to do but not the users password to the server (getent passwd returns the ABCD!efgh12345$67890 password for the new account). Thinking that password synchronization is not working, I changed the password of an existing working account and it synchs the new password. If I delete a new or old AD user, it deletes it on the linked linux server as well. All this tells me that NIS is doing its thing (at least with existing accounts) No updates have been installed on the DC. I am not even sure where to start here.

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  • login as rsh in rhel 6 without entering password

    - by cartmancakes
    I need to be able to login to a RHEL 6 server using rsh (please don't flame me about security, it's irrelevant in this particular instance) as root without having to enter a password. My procedure for setting this up works great in RHEL 5.x, but does not work in RHEL 6. I suspect this has something to do with PAM, but I'm inexperienced with how to use PAM. Can someone help me with this? /etc/pam.d/rsh auth required pam_rhosts.so auth required pam_nologin.so account include common-account password include common-password session required pam_loginuid.so session include common-session /etc/pam.d/rlogin auth required pam_nologin.so auth [user_unknown=ignore success=ok ignore=ignore auth_err=die default=bad] pam_securetty.so auth sufficient pam_rhosts.so auth include common-auth auth required pam_mail.so account include common-account password include common-password session required pam_loginuid.so session include common-session Thanks!

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  • Running a command line app with sudo and password automatically on OS X startup

    - by Designer023
    I need to run an app at startup/login on my mac. I want it to launch in the background and start doing it's work without interrupting me or me having to start it up because I invariably forget and then when I need it, it wasn't running! I have tried using AppleScript to tell Terminal to run it and type my password in, but it ends up opening multiple Terminal windows and not working. Ideally I need a script that I can just add to the user login items and it will run for me. The app has no way of taking a password argument either and it has a password as well as the sudo! I need a solution that can either be done as an applescript (which can be made into an executable) or i need a commandline script but I have no idea about them. This is the manual code I type $ sudo serverStatus password:123456 password:serverpass My AppleScript: tell application Terminal activate do shell script "sudo serverStatus" delay 5 do shell script "123456" delay 2 do shell script "serverpass" end tell

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  • Windows 7 file explorer preview window and password protected word documents

    - by Carbonara
    When using the Windows 7 Explorer with the preview pane open you get a little preview of a file when you click on it. This includes Word, Excel spreadsheets, etc. My problem is if the Word document is password protected. Clicking on it in Explorer automatically asks for the password to display its preview. It does this if you single or double clicking on it. You then get an empty Word instance running (which allows it to display the preview) and another instance of Word with your actual file and you're asked for the password twice in total. This is annoying and untidy. Is there a way of stopping the preview pane from wanting to display password protected documents and thus not asking for the password to display a preview?

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  • Password format not liked by installer

    - by Box293
    I'm installing Chargeback and I get to the database-related information page (step 5 on page 17 of the users guide). Using a Windows account (it is an administrator of the server and I am logged on as that user) Username: DOMAIN\ServiceVMware-CB Password: #$%UuuU2u (this isn't the password but it does start with #$% and is the same length and case) I click the Test Connected and it returns back OK. I click Next and then I am given a warning telling me that the account does not have the right permissions. Check that it has log on as a service etc etc etc. I quit the installer. I change the password in the domain to Uuuuuu3 I reboot the server I restart the server The installer has no problems with the newer password. I'm not fussed either way, I'm just trying to save someone else the pain and perhaps the allowed password format could be added to the documentation. BTW I am using Server 2008 SP2 x64 with SQL Express 2005 x64.

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  • Password Management for Oracle WebLogic customers

    - by Anthony Shorten
    One of the most common requests for enhancements I get across my desk is that customers wish to allow end users to change their passwords from our products. Now, typically password management is not in the realm of individual applications but it is an infrastructure requirement, so we don't usually add this to our roadmaps by default. The issue is that with the vast range of security stores that can be used with our product line across the Web Application Servers we support, it is almost impossible to come up with a generic enough API to work across them. If you have a specific security store on a specific Web Application Server platform then there are simpler solutions. There are a number of ways of implementing this without providing functionality specific functionality: Oracle sells Identity Management software that offers common API's to manage passwords. You can purchase those products and link to the password change dialog in those products using Navigation Keys. If you are a customer using Oracle WebLogic, then there is a sample JSP's that can be linked to provide this functionality under Oracle TechNet (registration required) under Code Samples (project S20). These can be added as a Navigation Key to complete the functionality. This will allow end users to manage their own passwords. Obviously these are all samples and should be treated as customizations when you implement them. If you wish to understand Navigation Keys, then look at the Oracle Utilities Application Framework Integration Guidelines (Doc Id: 789060.1) available from My Oracle Support.

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  • Tale of an Encrypted SSIS Package in msdb and a Lost Password

    - by Argenis
      Yesterday a Developer at work asked for a copy of an SSIS package in Production so he could work on it (please, dear Reader – withhold judgment on Source Control – I know!). I logged on to the SSIS instance, and when I went to export the package… Oops. I didn’t have that password. The DBA who uploaded the package to Production is long gone; my fellow DBA had no idea either - and the Devs returned a cricket sound when queried. So I posed the obligatory question on #SQLHelp and a bunch of folks jumped in – some to help and some to make fun of me (thanks, @SQLSoldier @crummel4 @maryarcia and @sqljoe). I tried their suggestions to no avail…even ran some queries to see if I could figure out how to extract the package XML from the system tables in msdb:   SELECT CAST(CAST(p.packagedata AS varbinary(max)) AS varchar(max)) FROM msdb.dbo.sysssispackages p WHERE p.name = 'LePackage'   This just returned a bunch of XML with encrypted data on it:  I knew there was a job in SQL Agent scheduled to execute the package, and when I tried to look at details on the job step I got the following: Not very helpful. The password had to be saved somewhere, but where?? All of a sudden I remembered that there was a system table I hadn’t queried yet: SELECT sjs.command FROM msdb.dbo.sysjobs sj JOIN msdb.dbo.sysjobsteps sjs ON sj.job_id = sjs.job_id WHERE sj.name = 'Run LePackage' The result: “Well, that’s really secure”, I thought to myself. Cheers, -Argenis

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  • How can I check if a user has written his username and password correctly?

    - by Sergio Tapia
    I'm using a Linq-to-SQL class called Scans.dbml. In that class I've dragged a table called Users (username, password, role) onto the graphic area and now I can access User object via a UserRepository class: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace Scanner.Classes { public class UserRepository { private ScansDataContext db = new ScansDataContext(); public User getUser(string username) { return db.Users.SingleOrDefault(x => x.username == username); } public bool exists(string username) { } } } Now in my Login form, I want to use this Linq-to-SQL goodness to do all the data related activities. UserRepository users = new UserRepository(); private void btnLogin_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { loginToSystem(); } private void loginToSystem() { if (users.getUser(txtUsername.Text)) { } //If txtUsername exists && User.password == Salt(txtPassword) //then Show.MainForm() with User.accountType in constructor to set permissions. } I need help with verifying that a user exists && that that users.password is equal to SALT(txtpassword.text). Any guidance please?

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  • Unable to set password in IIS 8 for Domain User as ApplicationPool Identity

    - by Niels R.
    I'm trying to set a Domain User account as ApplicationPool Identity in IIS 8 (Windows 2012). When trying this using the IIS Management Console I always get an error: Value does not fall within the expected range. When trying to set the identity using appcmd.exe it fails on both the command setting the username and password or the command only setting the password. Setting the username is no problem. Trying to set both the username and password [FAIL]: >appcmd set config /section:applicationPools /[name='AppPoolName'].processModel.identityType:SpecificUser /[name='AppPoolName'].processModel.userName:DOMAIN\Username /[name='AppPoolName'].processModel.password:P4ssW0rd Applied configuration changes to section "system.applicationHost/applicationPools" for "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST" at configuration commit path "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST" ERROR ( hresult:80070057, message:Failed to commit configuration changes. The parameter is incorrect. ) Trying to set only the username [SUCCESS]: >appcmd set config /section:applicationPools /[name='AppPoolName'].processModel.identityType:SpecificUser /[name='AppPoolName'].processModel.userName:DOMAIN\Username Applied configuration changes to section "system.applicationHost/applicationPools" for "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST" at configuration commit path "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST" Trying to set the password after successfully setting the username [FAIL]: >appcmd set config /section:applicationPools /[name='AppPoolName'].processModel.identityType:SpecificUser /[name='AppPoolName'].processModel.password:P4ssW0rd Applied configuration changes to section "system.applicationHost/applicationPools" for "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST" at configuration commit path "MACHINE/WEBROOT/APPHOST" ERROR ( hresult:80070057, message:Failed to commit configuration changes. The parameter is incorrect. ) I added the Domain User to the IIS_IUSRS group and allowed it to "Log on as a service". Any suggestions what I might be doing wrong?

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  • ssh Password-less login to multiple machines when you already have one

    - by tandu
    I'm a little bit confused about setting up a password-less login for multiple machines to begin with, but I think I could do it from scratch. The problem is I already have it set up for one machine and I don't want that to be blown away when I try to set it up for the other machine. Let's clarify: Machine A: the machine I'm connecting from Machine B: the machine I'm connecting to. Password required Machine C: the machine I'm connecting to. Password-less ssh I have read some tutorials on setting up password-less ssh to a certain site, but they usually start with "move id_rsa out of the way so it doesn't get blown away," but then at the end of the tutorial it's not moved back. If I had no help at all, here is what I would do: Log into B ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/id_rsa.other scp id_rsa.other.pub A:~/.ssh echo "Host A \n Identity File ~/.ssh/id_rsa.other" > ~/.ssh/config (Note that I realize these commands may not be exactly correct, but this is just the idea). What I'm not quite clear on is if I need to update the config for A, B, or both. I'm fairly certain to do a password-less login from A to B, it is A that needs the public key .. but I also suppose I need B to use the correct id_rsa file for that public key. Finally, I don't want the password-less login for C to be affected at all .. it's using id_rsa. Am I going wrong anywhere?

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  • Precautions during SSH

    - by Shagun
    I recently had to give away my Ubuntu 12.10 root password to one of my friends so that he could SSH into my system and send some files to me. Now he is my friend and I trust him so I was not reluctant in sharing my password. And I did change it afterwards. But it just struck me how can I view all the commands that were executed by some other user remote logging into my system (obviously not my friend. I mean in general).To what extent can they access my data (especially my passwords eg I use Last Pass so can they access my account passwords as well??) And if they open any browser after logging into my system do they have access to all my passwords provided I have saved them using the "remember password" option given by chrome Also what precautions I should take when I am allowing some one to remote login in my system and how can I track the various commands used by them or the changes they made in my system. Also is there some simple way to get notified whenever some one logs into my system apart from checking the /var/log/auth.log file??

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  • WCF WS-Security and WSE Nonce Authentication

    - by Rick Strahl
    WCF makes it fairly easy to access WS-* Web Services, except when you run into a service format that it doesn't support. Even then WCF provides a huge amount of flexibility to make the service clients work, however finding the proper interfaces to make that happen is not easy to discover and for the most part undocumented unless you're lucky enough to run into a blog, forum or StackOverflow post on the matter. This is definitely true for the Password Nonce as part of the WS-Security/WSE protocol, which is not natively supported in WCF. Specifically I had a need to create a WCF message on the client that includes a WS-Security header that looks like this from their spec document:<soapenv:Header> <wsse:Security soapenv:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <wsse:UsernameToken wsu:Id="UsernameToken-8" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> <wsse:Username>TeStUsErNaMe1</wsse:Username> <wsse:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText" >TeStPaSsWoRd1</wsse:Password> <wsse:Nonce EncodingType="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary" >f8nUe3YupTU5ISdCy3X9Gg==</wsse:Nonce> <wsu:Created>2011-05-04T19:01:40.981Z</wsu:Created> </wsse:UsernameToken> </wsse:Security> </soapenv:Header> Specifically, the Nonce and Created keys are what WCF doesn't create or have a built in formatting for. Why is there a nonce? My first thought here was WTF? The username and password are there in clear text, what does the Nonce accomplish? The Nonce and created keys are are part of WSE Security specification and are meant to allow the server to detect and prevent replay attacks. The hashed nonce should be unique per request which the server can store and check for before running another request thus ensuring that a request is not replayed with exactly the same values. Basic ServiceUtl Import - not much Luck The first thing I did when I imported this service with a service reference was to simply import it as a Service Reference. The Add Service Reference import automatically detects that WS-Security is required and appropariately adds the WS-Security to the basicHttpBinding in the config file:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="RealTimeOnlineSoapBinding"> <security mode="Transport" /> </binding> <binding name="RealTimeOnlineSoapBinding1" /> </basicHttpBinding> </bindings> <client> <endpoint address="https://notarealurl.com:443/services/RealTimeOnline" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="RealTimeOnlineSoapBinding" contract="RealTimeOnline.RealTimeOnline" name="RealTimeOnline" /> </client> </system.serviceModel> </configuration> If if I run this as is using code like this:var client = new RealTimeOnlineClient(); client.ClientCredentials.UserName.UserName = "TheUsername"; client.ClientCredentials.UserName.Password = "ThePassword"; … I get nothing in terms of WS-Security headers. The request is sent, but the the binding expects transport level security to be applied, rather than message level security. To fix this so that a WS-Security message header is sent the security mode can be changed to: <security mode="TransportWithMessageCredential" /> Now if I re-run I at least get a WS-Security header which looks like this:<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> <s:Header> <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <u:Timestamp u:Id="_0"> <u:Created>2012-11-24T02:55:18.011Z</u:Created> <u:Expires>2012-11-24T03:00:18.011Z</u:Expires> </u:Timestamp> <o:UsernameToken u:Id="uuid-18c215d4-1106-40a5-8dd1-c81fdddf19d3-1"> <o:Username>TheUserName</o:Username> <o:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText" >ThePassword</o:Password> </o:UsernameToken> </o:Security> </s:Header> Closer! Now the WS-Security header is there along with a timestamp field (which might not be accepted by some WS-Security expecting services), but there's no Nonce or created timestamp as required by my original service. Using a CustomBinding instead My next try was to go with a CustomBinding instead of basicHttpBinding as it allows a bit more control over the protocol and transport configurations for the binding. Specifically I can explicitly specify the message protocol(s) used. Using configuration file settings here's what the config file looks like:<?xml version="1.0"?> <configuration> <system.serviceModel> <bindings> <customBinding> <binding name="CustomSoapBinding"> <security includeTimestamp="false" authenticationMode="UserNameOverTransport" defaultAlgorithmSuite="Basic256" requireDerivedKeys="false" messageSecurityVersion="WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10"> </security> <textMessageEncoding messageVersion="Soap11"></textMessageEncoding> <httpsTransport maxReceivedMessageSize="2000000000"/> </binding> </customBinding> </bindings> <client> <endpoint address="https://notrealurl.com:443/services/RealTimeOnline" binding="customBinding" bindingConfiguration="CustomSoapBinding" contract="RealTimeOnline.RealTimeOnline" name="RealTimeOnline" /> </client> </system.serviceModel> <startup> <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.0"/> </startup> </configuration> This ends up creating a cleaner header that's missing the timestamp field which can cause some services problems. The WS-Security header output generated with the above looks like this:<s:Header> <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <o:UsernameToken u:Id="uuid-291622ca-4c11-460f-9886-ac1c78813b24-1"> <o:Username>TheUsername</o:Username> <o:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText" >ThePassword</o:Password> </o:UsernameToken> </o:Security> </s:Header> This is closer as it includes only the username and password. The key here is the protocol for WS-Security:messageSecurityVersion="WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10" which explicitly specifies the protocol version. There are several variants of this specification but none of them seem to support the nonce unfortunately. This protocol does allow for optional omission of the Nonce and created timestamp provided (which effectively makes those keys optional). With some services I tried that requested a Nonce just using this protocol actually worked where the default basicHttpBinding failed to connect, so this is a possible solution for access to some services. Unfortunately for my target service that was not an option. The nonce has to be there. Creating Custom ClientCredentials As it turns out WCF doesn't have support for the Digest Nonce as part of WS-Security, and so as far as I can tell there's no way to do it just with configuration settings. I did a bunch of research on this trying to find workarounds for this, and I did find a couple of entries on StackOverflow as well as on the MSDN forums. However, none of these are particularily clear and I ended up using bits and pieces of several of them to arrive at a working solution in the end. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/896901/wcf-adding-nonce-to-usernametoken http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/wcf/thread/4df3354f-0627-42d9-b5fb-6e880b60f8ee The latter forum message is the more useful of the two (the last message on the thread in particular) and it has most of the information required to make this work. But it took some experimentation for me to get this right so I'll recount the process here maybe a bit more comprehensively. In order for this to work a number of classes have to be overridden: ClientCredentials ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager WSSecurityTokenizer The idea is that we need to create a custom ClientCredential class to hold the custom properties so they can be set from the UI or via configuration settings. The TokenManager and Tokenizer are mainly required to allow the custom credentials class to flow through the WCF pipeline and eventually provide custom serialization. Here are the three classes required and their full implementations:public class CustomCredentials : ClientCredentials { public CustomCredentials() { } protected CustomCredentials(CustomCredentials cc) : base(cc) { } public override System.IdentityModel.Selectors.SecurityTokenManager CreateSecurityTokenManager() { return new CustomSecurityTokenManager(this); } protected override ClientCredentials CloneCore() { return new CustomCredentials(this); } } public class CustomSecurityTokenManager : ClientCredentialsSecurityTokenManager { public CustomSecurityTokenManager(CustomCredentials cred) : base(cred) { } public override System.IdentityModel.Selectors.SecurityTokenSerializer CreateSecurityTokenSerializer(System.IdentityModel.Selectors.SecurityTokenVersion version) { return new CustomTokenSerializer(System.ServiceModel.Security.SecurityVersion.WSSecurity11); } } public class CustomTokenSerializer : WSSecurityTokenSerializer { public CustomTokenSerializer(SecurityVersion sv) : base(sv) { } protected override void WriteTokenCore(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer, System.IdentityModel.Tokens.SecurityToken token) { UserNameSecurityToken userToken = token as UserNameSecurityToken; string tokennamespace = "o"; DateTime created = DateTime.Now; string createdStr = created.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddThh:mm:ss.fffZ"); // unique Nonce value - encode with SHA-1 for 'randomness' // in theory the nonce could just be the GUID by itself string phrase = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); var nonce = GetSHA1String(phrase); // in this case password is plain text // for digest mode password needs to be encoded as: // PasswordAsDigest = Base64(SHA-1(Nonce + Created + Password)) // and profile needs to change to //string password = GetSHA1String(nonce + createdStr + userToken.Password); string password = userToken.Password; writer.WriteRaw(string.Format( "<{0}:UsernameToken u:Id=\"" + token.Id + "\" xmlns:u=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd\">" + "<{0}:Username>" + userToken.UserName + "</{0}:Username>" + "<{0}:Password Type=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText\">" + password + "</{0}:Password>" + "<{0}:Nonce EncodingType=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary\">" + nonce + "</{0}:Nonce>" + "<u:Created>" + createdStr + "</u:Created></{0}:UsernameToken>", tokennamespace)); } protected string GetSHA1String(string phrase) { SHA1CryptoServiceProvider sha1Hasher = new SHA1CryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] hashedDataBytes = sha1Hasher.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(phrase)); return Convert.ToBase64String(hashedDataBytes); } } Realistically only the CustomTokenSerializer has any significant code in. The code there deals with actually serializing the custom credentials using low level XML semantics by writing output into an XML writer. I can't take credit for this code - most of the code comes from the MSDN forum post mentioned earlier - I made a few adjustments to simplify the nonce generation and also added some notes to allow for PasswordDigest generation. Per spec the nonce is nothing more than a unique value that's supposed to be 'random'. I'm thinking that this value can be any string that's unique and a GUID on its own probably would have sufficed. Comments on other posts that GUIDs can be potentially guessed are highly exaggerated to say the least IMHO. To satisfy even that aspect though I added the SHA1 encryption and binary decoding to give a more random value that would be impossible to 'guess'. The original example from the forum post used another level of encoding and decoding to string in between - but that really didn't accomplish anything but extra overhead. The header output generated from this looks like this:<s:Header> <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd"> <o:UsernameToken u:Id="uuid-f43d8b0d-0ebb-482e-998d-f544401a3c91-1" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> <o:Username>TheUsername</o:Username> <o:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText">ThePassword</o:Password> <o:Nonce EncodingType="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary" >PjVE24TC6HtdAnsf3U9c5WMsECY=</o:Nonce> <u:Created>2012-11-23T07:10:04.670Z</u:Created> </o:UsernameToken> </o:Security> </s:Header> which is exactly as it should be. Password Digest? In my case the password is passed in plain text over an SSL connection, so there's no digest required so I was done with the code above. Since I don't have a service handy that requires a password digest,  I had no way of testing the code for the digest implementation, but here is how this is likely to work. If you need to pass a digest encoded password things are a little bit trickier. The password type namespace needs to change to: http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#Digest and then the password value needs to be encoded. The format for password digest encoding is this: Base64(SHA-1(Nonce + Created + Password)) and it can be handled in the code above with this code (that's commented in the snippet above): string password = GetSHA1String(nonce + createdStr + userToken.Password); The entire WriteTokenCore method for digest code looks like this:protected override void WriteTokenCore(System.Xml.XmlWriter writer, System.IdentityModel.Tokens.SecurityToken token) { UserNameSecurityToken userToken = token as UserNameSecurityToken; string tokennamespace = "o"; DateTime created = DateTime.Now; string createdStr = created.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddThh:mm:ss.fffZ"); // unique Nonce value - encode with SHA-1 for 'randomness' // in theory the nonce could just be the GUID by itself string phrase = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); var nonce = GetSHA1String(phrase); string password = GetSHA1String(nonce + createdStr + userToken.Password); writer.WriteRaw(string.Format( "<{0}:UsernameToken u:Id=\"" + token.Id + "\" xmlns:u=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd\">" + "<{0}:Username>" + userToken.UserName + "</{0}:Username>" + "<{0}:Password Type=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#Digest\">" + password + "</{0}:Password>" + "<{0}:Nonce EncodingType=\"http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary\">" + nonce + "</{0}:Nonce>" + "<u:Created>" + createdStr + "</u:Created></{0}:UsernameToken>", tokennamespace)); } I had no service to connect to to try out Digest auth - if you end up needing it and get it to work please drop a comment… How to use the custom Credentials The easiest way to use the custom credentials is to create the client in code. Here's a factory method I use to create an instance of my service client:  public static RealTimeOnlineClient CreateRealTimeOnlineProxy(string url, string username, string password) { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url)) url = "https://notrealurl.com:443/cows/services/RealTimeOnline"; CustomBinding binding = new CustomBinding(); var security = TransportSecurityBindingElement.CreateUserNameOverTransportBindingElement(); security.IncludeTimestamp = false; security.DefaultAlgorithmSuite = SecurityAlgorithmSuite.Basic256; security.MessageSecurityVersion = MessageSecurityVersion.WSSecurity10WSTrustFebruary2005WSSecureConversationFebruary2005WSSecurityPolicy11BasicSecurityProfile10; var encoding = new TextMessageEncodingBindingElement(); encoding.MessageVersion = MessageVersion.Soap11; var transport = new HttpsTransportBindingElement(); transport.MaxReceivedMessageSize = 20000000; // 20 megs binding.Elements.Add(security); binding.Elements.Add(encoding); binding.Elements.Add(transport); RealTimeOnlineClient client = new RealTimeOnlineClient(binding, new EndpointAddress(url)); // to use full client credential with Nonce uncomment this code: // it looks like this might not be required - the service seems to work without it client.ChannelFactory.Endpoint.Behaviors.Remove<System.ServiceModel.Description.ClientCredentials>(); client.ChannelFactory.Endpoint.Behaviors.Add(new CustomCredentials()); client.ClientCredentials.UserName.UserName = username; client.ClientCredentials.UserName.Password = password; return client; } This returns a service client that's ready to call other service methods. The key item in this code is the ChannelFactory endpoint behavior modification that that first removes the original ClientCredentials and then adds the new one. The ClientCredentials property on the client is read only and this is the way it has to be added.   Summary It's a bummer that WCF doesn't suport WSE Security authentication with nonce values out of the box. From reading the comments in posts/articles while I was trying to find a solution, I found that this feature was omitted by design as this protocol is considered unsecure. While I agree that plain text passwords are rarely a good idea even if they go over secured SSL connection as WSE Security does, there are unfortunately quite a few services (mosly Java services I suspect) that use this protocol. I've run into this twice now and trying to find a solution online I can see that this is not an isolated problem - many others seem to have struggled with this. It seems there are about a dozen questions about this on StackOverflow all with varying incomplete answers. Hopefully this post provides a little more coherent content in one place. Again I marvel at WCF and its breadth of support for protocol features it has in a single tool. And even when it can't handle something there are ways to get it working via extensibility. But at the same time I marvel at how freaking difficult it is to arrive at these solutions. I mean there's no way I could have ever figured this out on my own. It takes somebody working on the WCF team or at least being very, very intricately involved in the innards of WCF to figure out the interconnection of the various objects to do this from scratch. Luckily this is an older problem that has been discussed extensively online and I was able to cobble together a solution from the online content. I'm glad it worked out that way, but it feels dirty and incomplete in that there's a whole learning path that was omitted to get here… Man am I glad I'm not dealing with SOAP services much anymore. REST service security - even when using some sort of federation is a piece of cake by comparison :-) I'm sure once standards bodies gets involved we'll be right back in security standard hell…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in WCF  Web Services   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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