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  • Tomcat IIS 7 Integration gives 503 errors on all requests.

    - by Yvan JANSSENS
    Hi, After many attempts to install Tomcat on IIS 7, I finally managed to get it working. At least I think so :-S. I finally got the 500 errors away, by setting the correct permissions. The only thing that doesn't work is ... serving stuff: neither regular stuff (like ASP, HTML files, or directory browsing) or Tomcat things work. Here are my configs: Worker.properties # The workers that your plugins should create and work with # worker.list=worker1 #------ DEFAULT ajp13 WORKER DEFINITION ------------------------------ #--------------------------------------------------------------------- # Defining a worker named ajp13 and of type ajp13 # Note that the name and the type do not have to match. # worker.worker1.port=8009 worker.worker1.host=127.0.0.1 worker.worker1.type=ajp13 URIWorkerMap.properties /|/*=worker1 # Exclude the subdirectory static: !/static|/*=worker1 # Exclude some suffixes: !*.html=worker1 !*.asp=worker1 Server.xml <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --> <!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/server.html --> <Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" /> <!-- JMX Support for the Tomcat server. Documentation at /docs/non-existent.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" /> <!-- Global JNDI resources Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html --> <GlobalNamingResources> <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users --> <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" /> </GlobalNamingResources> <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/service.html --> <Service name="Catalina"> <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools--> <!-- <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/> --> <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received and responses are returned. Documentation at : Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking) Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 --> <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool--> <!-- <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> --> <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration described in the APR documentation --> <!-- <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" /> --> <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --> <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" /> <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them on to the appropriate Host (virtual host). Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html --> <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie : <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1"> --> <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost"> <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at: /docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to) /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) --> <!-- <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> --> <!-- The request dumper valve dumps useful debugging information about the request and response data received and sent by Tomcat. Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RequestDumperValve"/> --> <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately available for use by the Realm. --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> <!-- Define the default virtual host Note: XML Schema validation will not work with Xerces 2.2. --> <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true" xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false"> <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> --> <!-- Access log processes all example. Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt" pattern="common" resolveHosts="false"/> --> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server> http://localhost:8080 is working, I can view the apps and configure them there... I'm quite new to IIS 7, I used to work with IIS 6. Thanks in advance, Yvan

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  • How mod_cache working with "must-revalidate" and "max-age"?

    - by Dmitriy Sosunov
    Quick question before I will explain my flow: ?an mod_cache perform revalidate with if-none-match only if max-age is expired in case if it configured in reverse proxy mode? My goal is to reduce a number of revalidation requests to our the origin server. For instance: The first request goes to the origin server and then mod_cache save a response in to the cache according to header cache-control: max-age. And only when max-age is expired then mod_cache will revalidate with if-none-match. Currently, mod_cache revalidate each request, regardless that max-age is defined or not. My configuration of Apache 2.4.3 (Windows), on linux I see the same behavior that I will show below. ServerName proxy.lo ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost Off Header set Vary "Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language" RequestHeader set X-Forwarded-Proto "http" # modify header for user agent's Header set Cache-Control "private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform" CacheQuickHandler off CacheDefaultExpire 300 # the origin server do not provide last-modified CacheIgnoreNoLastMod On CacheIgnoreCacheControl On # the origin server define cache-control: private, no-store only for user agents # Therefore, I would like ignore those headers on the proxy server. CacheStorePrivate On CacheStoreNoStore On CacheEnable disk / CacheRoot "C:/Apache.Cache" CacheDirLevels 5 CacheDirLength 4 CacheMinExpire 15 CacheDetailHeader on CacheHeader on KeepAlive Off ProxyPass / http://origin.lo/ ProxyPassReverse / http://origin.lo/ Also, I have turned on debug log level to see how mod_cache handles a content for caching: I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decides that a content isn't fresh. Why?I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decide that a content isn't fresh. Why? max-age was provided (see below). [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(624): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00698: cache: Key for entity /testpage?(null) is http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(569): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00709: Recalled cached URL info header http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(865): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00720: Recalled headers for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(320): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00695: Cached response for /testpage isn't fresh. Adding/replacing conditional request headers. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(414): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00757: Adding CACHE_SAVE filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(448): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00759: Adding CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_proxy.c(1068): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH01143: Running scheme http handler (attempt 0) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1976): AH00942: HTTP: has acquired connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2029): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00944: connecting http://origin.lo/testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2151): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00947: connected /testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2554): AH00962: HTTP: connection complete to 192.168.1.100:80 (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1991): AH00943: http: has released connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [headers:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_headers.c(800): AH01502: headers: ap_headers_output_filter() [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1190): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00769: cache: Caching url: /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1196): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00770: cache: Removing CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.904890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(1318): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00737: commit_entity: Headers and body for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? cached. The first request to the origin server without mod_proxy to http://origin.lo/ GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 The first response from the origin without mod_proxy HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:11:01 GMT Content-Length: 1877 So, I assumed that revalidation must be occur only in 30 seconds after the success response. Is't right? Let's check it:) Within 30 sec, the Google Chrome didn't perform any requests to the origin server to revalidate a request and has return the response from local cache. When max-age is expired, the Google Chrome perform a request to revalidate: GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/xml If-None-Match: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and response: HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:16:20 GMT As you can see, all works as expected. User agent revalidates request only when max-age is expired. Let's now try perform the folling flow though mod_proxy (see configuration above). The first request: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the response was: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:23:36 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: MISS from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "cache miss: attempting entity save" from proxy.lo Connection: close Ok, let's see to the disk cache and try to see how request and response was stored. (I cut binary data) http://proxy.lo/testpage? Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:27:15 GMT Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language Host: proxy.lo User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 X-Forwarded-Proto: http Cache-Control: max-age=300, must-revalidate X-Forwarded-For: 192.168.1.100 X-Forwarded-Host: proxy.lo X-Forwarded-Server: origin.lo Ok, what we see? We see that the first request was performed with max-age=300 & must-revalidate Ok, looks good, as for me, lets perform the next call: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the second response from mod_proxy: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:31:58 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: REVALIDATE from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "conditional cache hit: entity refreshed" from proxy.lo Connection: close Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 SO, MY QUESTION IS: WHY mod_proxy perform revalidation on each request regardless that max-age is defined? N.B. Apache 2.4.3 Thanks, I would be grateful for any help.

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  • apache webserver unresponsible with server-status showing all child processes waiting for connection

    - by Jeff
    My setup: i have 3 nearly identical webserver machines serving the same high loaded dynamic website with simple load balancing over dns. The service has been working for over two ears with the same apache config. apache2, php5, ubuntu 8.04 linux 2.6.24-29-server My problem: since about two weeks i'm experiencing problems with this config. Nearly every day i have one small moment about 5 minutes, in which the website is unreachable. I'm still able to login to the servers over ssh. If i run htop, i see the machine simply doing nothing. i have about 1000 apache processes running, but no cpu activity. i've used the apache mod_status to debug this situation. the process scoreboard looks like this: _C.___K_______________________R._______.__K_K____K___C_______.__ _______C__________.___________________________________.________C _.____K__________K___K_WK_____._K_____________________________._ W______K__________K________.____________________._______C_______ _C_.__K__K____.._.._____________________________________C_______ _R___________K___.______C________.C_________.______._____C______ ____________KKC____K_____K__WC_________________C_____.__.____.__ _____________________C_________K______.____C______._____________ _.___C____.___.___________________________.K______.____K________ W__.___________________C.__.____K________K_______R_._.__._______ __C__C_.__________C__C_______._____W______________C_.___C_______ ____.______C_____________C________.____C____________.________._K __.__________.K_____________K_________._____C____.K__________KW_ __K.W________R_________._______.___W___________.____.__K_____W__ W___.___..________W____K Scoreboard Key: "_" Waiting for Connection, "S" Starting up, "R" Reading Request, "W" Sending Reply, "K" Keepalive (read), "D" DNS Lookup, "C" Closing connection, "L" Logging, "G" Gracefully finishing, "I" Idle cleanup of worker, "." Open slot with no current process So the most of the processes are just waiting for connection. after about 5 minutes the situation will return to normal: i have lot least processes on every machine, the most workers have the "."-status (meaing they are open to process a request) and of course the website is reachable! so i'm trying to find something in the logs, but there is simply nothing... the apache access log is silent for about 4 minutes, the same is for the error log. i also can not figure out anything wrong in other system logs. the situation is the same on all 3 webservers (all of them have this load peak and unresposibility at the same time), so i do not thing this is hardware related. but i think, this might be related to some network (tcp) issue. any ideas? EDIT: some more information, that i have just discovered: it has just happened again. and i was able to verify that i'm also not able to connect locally when this problem occurs. i have made some connection statistics with the following command after it happend netstat -an|awk '/tcp/ {print $6}'|sort|uniq -c 109 CLOSE_WAIT 2652 ESTABLISHED 2 FIN_WAIT1 11 LAST_ACK 12 LISTEN 91 SYN_RECV 1 SYN_SENT 16 TIME_WAIT If i execute the same command some time later, i have something like this: 4 CLOSING 108 ESTABLISHED 18 FIN_WAIT1 182 FIN_WAIT2 37 LAST_ACK 12 LISTEN 50 SYN_RECV 11276 TIME_WAIT So in the normal situation i have only 100-200 open connections by clients beeing handled by apache in this moment. when i have this "crash", i have a lot more connections. what is the best way to analyse this? EDIT2: the important lines in apache2.conf are: KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 20 KeepAliveTimeout 1 <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> ServerLimit 920 StartServers 30 MinSpareServers 80 MaxSpareServers 120 MaxClients 920 MaxRequestsPerChild 700 </IfModule> it is an apache2 prefork with php_mod. the server has 8GB ram and a 4gb swap partition.

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  • Nginx 500 Internal Server error on subdirectory

    - by juyoung518
    I'm getting a 500 Internal Server error only on sub directories. For example, If my website is example.com, example.com/index.php works. But example.com/phpbb/index.php doesn't work. It just turns up a blank php page. The HTTP header shows HTTP error 500 Internal Server error. If I enter example.com/phpbb/index.php/somedirectory, the index.php of my root directory shows up. This is all very strange. I have tried searching etc but nothing worked. tried re-installing nginx but not fixed. I'm sure I got the DNS configured right. My Nginx Config /sites-available/example.com server { server_name www.example.com; return 301 https://example.com$request_uri; } server { listen 443; listen 80; #listen 80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied #listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6 root /var/www/example.com/public_html; index index.html index.php index.htm; ssl on; ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem; ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/ssl.key; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ssl_stapling on; resolver 8.8.8.8; add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=63072000; # Make site accessible from http://localhost/ server_name example.com; location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|ico|css|js|bmp)$ { expires 365d; add_header Cache-Control public; } if ($scheme = http) { return 301 https://example.com$request_uri; } location / { # First attempt to serve request as file, then # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404. try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php; # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules } if ($http_user_agent ~ (musobot|screenshot|AhrefsBot|picsearch|Gender|HostTracker|Java/1.7.0_51|Java) ) { return 403; } location /phpmyadmin { root /usr/share/; index index.php index.html index.htm; location ~ ^/phpmyadmin/(.+\.php)$ { try_files $uri =404; root /usr/share/; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; } location ~* ^/phpmyadmin/(.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html|xml|txt))$ { root /usr/share/; } } location /phpMyAdmin { rewrite ^/* /phpmyadmin last; } location /doc/ { alias /usr/share/doc/; autoindex on; allow 127.0.0.1; allow ::1; deny all; } # Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests #location /RequestDenied { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080; #} #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root /usr/share/nginx/www; } # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # location ~ \.php$ { try_files $uri =404; fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$; # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini # With php5-cgi alone: fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # With php5-fpm: #fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_buffer_size 128k; fastcgi_buffers 256 16k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 256k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k; fastcgi_read_timeout 240; # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } } nginx.conf user www-data; worker_processes 1; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 768; # multi_accept on; } http { ## Block spammers and other unwanted visitors ## include /etc/nginx/blockips.conf; fastcgi_cache_path /var/cache/nginx levels=1:2 keys_zone=microcache:10m max_size=1000m inactive=60m; ## # Basic Settings ## sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; tcp_nodelay on; keepalive_timeout 100; types_hash_max_size 2048; server_tokens off; # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; # server_name_in_redirect off; include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; ## # Logging Settings ## access_log off; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; ssl_session_timeout 10m; ssl_ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; ## # File Cache Settings ## open_file_cache max=5000 inactive=5m; open_file_cache_valid 2m; open_file_cache_min_uses 1; open_file_cache_errors on; ## # Gzip Settings ## gzip on; gzip_disable "msie6"; gzip_vary on; gzip_proxied any; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_buffers 16 8k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain text/x-js text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; ## # nginx-naxsi config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-naxsi ## #include /etc/nginx/naxsi_core.rules; ## # nginx-passenger config ## # Uncomment it if you installed nginx-passenger ## #passenger_root /usr; #passenger_ruby /usr/bin/ruby; ## # Virtual Host Configs ## include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

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  • Causes of sudden massive filesystem damage? ("root inode is not a directory")

    - by poolie
    I have a laptop running Maverick (very happily until yesterday), with a Patriot Torx SSD; LUKS encryption of the whole partition; one lvm physical volume on top of that; then home and root in ext4 logical volumes on top of that. When I tried to boot it yesterday, it complained that it couldn't mount the root filesystem. Running fsck, basically every inode seems to be wrong. Both home and root filesystems show similar problems. Checking a backup superblock doesn't help. e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) lithe_root was not cleanly unmounted, check forced. Resize inode not valid. Recreate? no Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Root inode is not a directory. Clear? no Root inode has dtime set (probably due to old mke2fs). Fix? no Inode 2 is in use, but has dtime set. Fix? no Inode 2 has a extra size (4730) which is invalid Fix? no Inode 2 has compression flag set on filesystem without compression support. Clear? no Inode 2 has INDEX_FL flag set but is not a directory. Clear HTree index? no HTREE directory inode 2 has an invalid root node. Clear HTree index? no Inode 2, i_size is 9581392125871137995, should be 0. Fix? no Inode 2, i_blocks is 40456527802719, should be 0. Fix? no Reserved inode 3 (<The ACL index inode>) has invalid mode. Clear? no Inode 3 has compression flag set on filesystem without compression support. Clear? no Inode 3 has INDEX_FL flag set but is not a directory. Clear HTree index? no .... Running strings across the filesystems, I can see there are what look like filenames and user data there. I do have sufficiently good backups (touch wood) that it's not worth grovelling around to pull back individual files, though I might save an image of the unencrypted disk before I rebuild, just in case. smartctl doesn't show any errors, neither does the kernel log. Running a write-mode badblocks across the swap lv doesn't find problems either. So the disk may be failing, but not in an obvious way. At this point I'm basically, as they say, fscked? Back to reinstalling, perhaps running badblocks over the disk, then restoring from backup? There doesn't even seem to be enough data to file a meaningful bug... I don't recall that this machine crashed last time I used it. At this point I suspect a bug or memory corruption caused it to write garbage across the disks when it was last running, or some kind of subtle failure mode for the SSD. What do you think would have caused this? Is there anything else you'd try?

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  • How to delete files and folders that cannot be deleted?

    - by glenneroo
    I have a backup copy of a previous Windows' Documents and Settings folder which only contains my original user and within 2 more directories: Favorites and Local Settings. When I try to delete Local Settings I get this error: When I try to delete Favorites, I get this error: I ran this in a cmd shell: attrib *.* -r -a -s -h /s ...but it did not help, nor did it return any errors/warnings. I used Unlocker v1.8.5 and LockHunter repeatedly at multiple levels to see if any files are in use, but both always say: No Files Locked. Update #1: I was able to rename the directory, which now gives me this warning before (trying to) delete: If I press Yes (or Yes to All) then I get this error: Update #2: I let chkdsk /f run which required a reboot since it's on my primary system partition. During Stage 2 scanning, I received about 40 of these: Deleting an index entry from index $0 of file 25. ...followed by: Deleting index entry cookies in index $I30 of file 37576. ...but I still get the first error dialog above when trying to delete. I ran chkdsk again, this time: chkdsk /f /r. Produced no messages. Same result when deleting. Update #3: Digging deeper, the 99 is the name of one of many directories located deep in here: C:\Documents and Settings.OLD\User\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Messenger\[email protected]\SharingMetadata\[email protected]\DFSR\Staging\CS{D4E4AE55-B5E2-F03B-5189-6C4DA6E41788}\ Inside each of those directories were files with names such as: 2300-{C93D01AC-0739-4FD9-88C7-13D2F21A208E}-v2300-{C93D01AC-0739-4FD9-88C7-13D2F21A208E}-v2300-Downloaded.frx I noticed that, unlike all the directories, I couldn't rename any of these files. I also noticed that the file + dir names were extremely long: Original directory = 194 characters Filenames = 100+ characters Together the length exceeds the 255-char limit which is bad and would explain the error message I posted in Update #1. Partial Solution: Rename all directories until the total path length is less than 100. Afterwards I was able to rename the .frx files, not to mention delete everything inside the Local Settings directory. This is only a partial solution because these (empty) directories are still not deleteable, C:\1\2\Favorites\Wien\What To Do.. C:\1\2\Favorites\Photography\FIRE Same error as above: Here is what Explorer properties shows for both folders: Update #4 (another partial solution): Using harrymc's answer combined with thoroughly reading through this amazing MS-KB article which contains nearly everyone's idea and then some, inconspicuously titled: You cannot delete a file or a folder on an NTFS file system volume. I was able to delete the 2nd folder C:\1\2\Favorites\Photography\FIRE - the problem being that there was an invisible trailing space at the end. I got lucky when I did an auto-complete whilst playing around with the del "\\?\<path>" command which he suggested. NOTE: A normal del did NOT work, nor did deleting from explorer. Now all that is left is the first directory C:\1\2\Favorites\Wien\What To Do.. (yes I tried endlessly with multiple combinations of the above solution ;) Keep 'em coming! =)

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  • How to use more than 3 virtual disks in Linux using CentOS and XenServer

    - by 010110110101
    I've attached 5 virtual disks to a Virtual Machine in Citrix XenServer. The VM has the xs-tools installed. Initially it said that it couldn't add so many disks. After I installed the xs-tools, it let me add all the disks. But /dev doesn't show all the disks. It shows these: /dev/xvda /dev/xvdb /dev/xvdc /dev/cdrom Perhaps it is bound by the limits of an IDE bus? (3 disks + CD-ROM) If so, how does one change the VM to use SCSI? Edit: According to the documentation: 2.6.3. VM Block Devices In the PV Linux case, block devices are passed through as PV devices. XenServer does not attempt to emulate SCSI or IDE, but instead provides a more suitable interface in the virtual environment in the form of xvd* devices. It is also possible to get an sd* device using the same mechanism, where the PV driver inside the VM takes over the SCSI device namespace. This is not desirable so it is best to use xvd* where possible for PV guests (this is the default for Debian and RHEL). For Windows or other fully virtualized guests, XenServer emulates an IDE bus in the form of an hd* device. When using Windows, installing the Citrix Tools for Virtual Machines installs a special PV driver that works in a similar way to Linux, except in the fully virtualized environment. Still, with 5 virtual disks attached, I don't see the other xvd devices. Edit #2: (attached requested info) Host Machine: XenServer 6.1 Linux version 2.6.32.43-0.4.1.xs1.6.10.777.170770xen (geeko@buildhost) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51)) #1 SMP Wed Apr 17 05:52:03 EDT 2013 Guest Machine: CentOS release 6.4 (Final) Linux version 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu May 16 20:59:36 UTC 2013 Output of 'fdisk -l' on Guest Machine: Note, the disk beyond the first 3 attached are not displaying -- there should be 4 100GB disks. (There are a total of 5 disks displayed in XenCenter -- 16GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB, 100GB) Disk /dev/xvdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xfb6c95b9 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdb1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/xvda: 17.2 GB, 17179869184 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2088 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000e5f41 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/xvda2 64 2089 16264192 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/xvdc: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xed249ced Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdc1 1 13054 104856223+ 83 Linux Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_root: 14.6 GB, 14571012096 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1771 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/vg_blue-lv_swap: 2080 MB, 2080374784 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 252 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 I see that the Linux versions say SMP. The Guest VM doesn't say "xen" in the name. However, I have already run yum install kernel-xen. Could be a clue?

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  • File copying utility like rsync with error handling like ddrescue, for data recovery from a hard drive with bad sectors or hardware failure

    - by purefusion
    I have a hard drive with either bad blocks or sectors that are failing to read due to potential mechanical issues, such as a bad disk head, bad motor, or some other issue that is causing the hard drive to read data excruciatingly slowly and with lots of read errors. I'm seeing an average of 50 KB/sec, with some reads dropping below 10 KB/sec, and frequently it gets stuck on a file or sector altogether, usually for quite a long time—from 2-10 minutes or more (when using rsync, before it times out). Speed seems to vary wildly, and it gets stuck on files a lot, and when it finally gets "unstuck" it only seems to last for a short burst before it gets stuck again. The drive is also very quiet with only an occasional sound of files copying (usually when it gets stuck/unstuck for a brief time, before getting stuck again). Thus, there are none of those evil sounds that are normally associated with HDD death. Someone suggested that the problems sounded like they might be caused by a misaligned disk head, which requires a lot of re-reads before it finally reads data with success. Sounds plausible, but I digress... Anyway, the problem with rsync is that it seems to have no decent error handling support. Obviously, it wasn't meant for use in recovering data from failing hard drives, but all the so-called "data recovery" utilities out there that are meant for such use usually focus on recovery of deleted files or messed up partitions, rather than copying files off dying hard drives. Deleted file recovery is not what I need, obviously, so perhaps you can understand my disappointment in not being able to find what I'm after yet. Naturally, this is where you'd probably say "You should use ddrescue!" Well, that's all fine and dandy, but I've already got most of the data backed up, so I just want to recover certain files. I'm not concerned with trying to recover a full partition block-by-block as ddrescue does. I am only interested in rescuing just specific files and directories. Ideally, what I'd like is some sort of cross between rsync and ddrescue: something that lets me specify source and destination as directories of normal files like rsync (rather than two full partitions as ddrescue requires), with a way to skip files with errors in an initial run, and then allows me to attempt recovery of those files with errors in a later run (with a slightly altered command, of course), perhaps even offering an option to specify the number of retry attempts ...just like how ddrescue works with blocks, only I want a utility that works with specific files/directories like rsync does. So am I daydreaming here, or does something out there exist that can do this? Or, maybe even a way to make rsync or ddrescue work in such a way? I'm really open to whatever solutions might work, so long as they let me choose which files I want to "rescue", and can skip files with errors in the initial run, and try/retry those errors again later. So far I've tried rsync with the following options, but it often gets stuck on a file for longer than the timeout, and ideally I'd just like it to move on to the next file and come back later to the files it gets stuck on. I don't think that's possible though. Anyway, here's what I've been using up till now: rsync -avP --stats --block-size=512 --timeout=600 /path/to/source/* /path/to/destination/

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  • Using different SSDs types (not only SATA based) as system drive

    - by Hubert Kario
    Currently I have a Thinkpad X61s and want to make it both a bit faster and a bit more power efficient. For that reason I thought that adding SSD drive would make most sense. Unfortunately, because of financial reasons, buying SSD of over 200GB capacity is out of reach for me (not only it would be worth more than the rest of the laptop, but also I currently have a 500GB drive in it, so even such a drive would be kind of a downgrade for me). During preliminary testing with a cheap Transcend 4GB Class 6 (14MiB/s streaming, 9MiB/s random read) card I experienced boot times to be reduced by half so putting the OS only on it would already would be an improvement. Unfortunately, my system now is about 11GiB in size so anything less than 16GB would be constraining. In this laptop I can connect additional drives on at least 5 different ways: using SATA-ATA converter caddy in the X6 Ultrabase using internal mini PCIe slot using integrated SDHC slot using CardBus (a.k.a PCMCIA or PC Card) slot using USB Thankfully, because I use only Linux on this PC the bootability of them is irrelevant as I can put the /boot partition on internal HDD and / on any of the above mentioned Flash memories (as I already did for the SDHC test). From what I was able to research and from my own experience those options come with rather big downsides or other problems: SATA-ATA caddy It has three downsides: I have to carry the Ultrabse with me at all times (it's not really inconvenient, but those grams do add) and couldn't disconnect it when I want to disconnect the battery It makes the bay unusable for the optical drive and occasional quick access to other hard drives the only caddies I could buy have rather flaky controllers in them so putting my OS on it would hamper its stability Internal mini PCIe slot This would be an ideal solution, if only I could find real PCIe SSDs, not only devices that could talk only SATA or ATA over PCIe mechanical connection (the ones used in Dell Mini or Asus EEE). Theoretically Samsung did release such devices but I couldn't find them in retail anywhere. Integrated SDHC slot It's a nice solution with a single drawback: the fastest 16GB SDHC card on the market can only do around 35MiB/s read and 15MiB/s write while still costing like a normal 40GB SATA SSD that's 10 times faster. Not really cost-effective. CardBus (a.k.a PCMCIA or PC Card) slot Those cards are much faster than the SDHC option (there are ones that can do well over 50MiB/s read in benchmarks) and from what I could find the PCMCIA controller in my laptop does support UDMA so it should be able to deliver comparable speeds. They still cost similarly to SD cards but at least they provide streaming performance comparable to my current HDD. USB That's the worst option. Not only is it limited to 20-30MiB/s by the interface itself the drive would stick out of the laptop so it's a big no no. The question As such I think that going the "CF in a CardBus adapter" route will be the best option. My question is: did anyone try using CF cards in CardBus adapters as system drives with Linux on Thinkpad laptops? Laptops in general? What was the real-world performance? I don't have any CF cards so I can't check how well does it work with suspend/resume, or whatever it's easy to make it work in initramfs (I'm using ArchLinux and SD card was trivial — add 3 modules in single config line and rebuilding initramfs) so any tips/gotchas on this are welcome as well.

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  • cannot access localhost using ip

    - by Robert
    I have done a small web development project using eclipse. It runs well when I try running it on browser with url localhost:8080/myproject/home.html. But if I want to access it on another machine (laptop, mobile, etc. using the same wifi) it is not possible; it is not able to connect. After Googling for a while found out that I have to use the IP address instead of 'localhost'. So I tried 10.0.0.4:8080/myproject/home.html, but still does not work. In fact i am unable to open that url on the same machine (where localhost:8080/myproject/home.html works fine). I also added a new Inbound rule in control panel firewall settings, allowing access to all ports for protocol TCP. Still have problem in running application with the url 10.0.0.4:8080/myproject/home.html (both on same machine as well as laptop and mobile). FYI i am using Eclipse Indigo, Apache tomcat 6.0 and server.xml file contents is as below: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --><!-- Note: A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/server.html --><Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html --> <Listener SSLEngine="on" className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"/> <!--Initialize Jasper prior to webapps are loaded. Documentation at /docs/jasper-howto.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/> <!-- Prevent memory leaks due to use of particular java/javax APIs--> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/> <!-- JMX Support for the Tomcat server. Documentation at /docs/non-existent.html --> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener"/> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/> <!-- Global JNDI resources Documentation at /docs/jndi-resources-howto.html --> <GlobalNamingResources> <!-- Editable user database that can also be used by UserDatabaseRealm to authenticate users --> <Resource auth="Container" description="User database that can be updated and saved" factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory" name="UserDatabase" pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"/> </GlobalNamingResources> <!-- A "Service" is a collection of one or more "Connectors" that share a single "Container" Note: A "Service" is not itself a "Container", so you may not define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this level. Documentation at /docs/config/service.html --> <Service name="Catalina"> <!--The connectors can use a shared executor, you can define one or more named thread pools--> <!-- <Executor name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="4"/> --> <!-- A "Connector" represents an endpoint by which requests are received and responses are returned. Documentation at : Java HTTP Connector: /docs/config/http.html (blocking & non-blocking) Java AJP Connector: /docs/config/ajp.html APR (HTTP/AJP) Connector: /docs/apr.html Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 --> <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" address="10.0.0.4" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <!-- A "Connector" using the shared thread pool--> <!-- <Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> --> <!-- Define a SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 This connector uses the JSSE configuration, when using APR, the connector should be using the OpenSSL style configuration described in the APR documentation --> <!-- <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" /> --> <!-- Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 --> <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443"/> <!-- An Engine represents the entry point (within Catalina) that processes every request. The Engine implementation for Tomcat stand alone analyzes the HTTP headers included with the request, and passes them on to the appropriate Host (virtual host). Documentation at /docs/config/engine.html --> <!-- You should set jvmRoute to support load-balancing via AJP ie : <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="jvm1"> --> <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina"> <!--For clustering, please take a look at documentation at: /docs/cluster-howto.html (simple how to) /docs/config/cluster.html (reference documentation) --> <!-- <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> --> <!-- The request dumper valve dumps useful debugging information about the request and response data received and sent by Tomcat. Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RequestDumperValve"/> --> <!-- This Realm uses the UserDatabase configured in the global JNDI resources under the key "UserDatabase". Any edits that are performed against this UserDatabase are immediately available for use by the Realm. --> <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm" resourceName="UserDatabase"/> <!-- Define the default virtual host Note: XML Schema validation will not work with Xerces 2.2. --> <Host appBase="webapps" autoDeploy="true" name="localhost" unpackWARs="true" xmlNamespaceAware="false" xmlValidation="false"> <!-- SingleSignOn valve, share authentication between web applications Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.SingleSignOn" /> --> <!-- Access log processes all example. Documentation at: /docs/config/valve.html --> <!-- <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs" prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt" pattern="common" resolveHosts="false"/> --> <Context docBase="myproject" path="/myproject" reloadable="true" source="org.eclipse.jst.jee.server:myproject"/></Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>

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  • Do hard drive enclosures fail/is it the HDD or enclosure?

    - by x0a
    I'm having a whole host of problems with an external hard drive that was working just fine a couple of hours ago. I've had this problem before once, and that was about 3 months ago, here's what I documented: So a couple of hours ago I turned off all my computers and shut off the power to all my devices in my room, then went and turned the power off at the main switch so I could change an outlet. A couple hours later, after I've already slowly turned everything back on, I go to my xbox to try and watch a movie and it can't seem to list any of the movies I've got. So I go to my desktop to find that my external hard drive isn't there.. even though it's on and connected. It's also stationary and hidden behind something so there's not a whole lot of tampering/physical wear to that external. I plug it into my laptop to try and see what's going on. It starts making this endless loud screeching noise. None of that clicking that's usually associated with hd damage. It's not listed in my computers, and it shows up in Disk Management as "uninitialized" asking me to choose between two different partition types. After carefully disconnecting it and connecting it back, it asks me to format it, which I cancel. I start googling about my issue, starting to accept the situation, torn as hell and helpless and just about ready to toss the thing. Suddenly the screeching stops, after almost 45 minutes of it going, and Disk Management lists the drive as "Online" and "Healthy". Explorer pops up with all my files! I'm still being really careful with it and weary and treating it as though it's in fragile shape. I've downloaded some S.M.A.R.T. software to read the values and everything is listed as "OK" . No reallocated sectors, no read errors, no seek errors. I also ran a quick self-test, which completed without error. Everything seems fine. It looks to be a perfectly healthy external hard drive. So what the hell was that about? Was it doing some sort of maintenance or self-test? How am I supposed to tell the difference? I would've undoubtedly killed the drive for sure if had it gone on a bit longer. I've got the same problem now, with one exception: it doesn't magically reappear after the screeching stops. Occasionally I manage to get some S.M.A.R.T. diagnostics information, which basically reads everything as fine. The only problem is that my HD isn't initializing (so I can't access anything in it). I'm able to successfully run a quick smart test but not an extended one (I've only tried it once but got conflicting indications as to whether it was actually making any progress or not (was stuck on Random read test). So, final question (if all else fails): Could the hard drive enclosure be failing rather than the HDD? Is this a likely possibility at all? How would I know?

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  • How can I recover an ext4 filesystem corrupted after a fsck?

    - by Regan
    I have an ext4 filesystem on luks over software raid5. The filesystem was operating "just fine" for several years when I was beginning to run out of space. I had a 9T volume on 6x2T drives. I began upgrading to 3T drives by doing the mdadm fail, remove, add, rebuild, repeat process until I had a larger array. I then grew the luks container, and then when I unmounted and tried to resize2fs I was given the message the filesystem was dirty and needed e2fsck. Without thinking I just did e2fsck -y /dev/mapper/candybox and it began spewing all kinds of inode being removed type messages (can't remember exactly) I killed e2fsck and tried to remount the filesystem to backup data I was concerned about. When trying to mount at this point I get: # mount /dev/mapper/candybox /candybox mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/mapper/candybox, missing codepage or helper program, or other error In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try dmesg | tail or so Looking back at my older logs I noticed the filesystem was giving this error each time the machine booted: kernel: [79137.275531] EXT4-fs (dm-2): warning: mounting fs with errors, running e2fsck is recommended So shame on me for not paying attention :( I then tried to mount using every backup superblock (one after another) and each attempt left this in my log: EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 0 failed (26534!=65440) EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 1 failed (38021!=36729) EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 2 failed (18336!=39845) ... EXT4-fs (dm-2): ext4_check_descriptors: Checksum for group 11911 failed (28743!=44098) BUG: soft lockup - CPU#0 stuck for 23s! [mount:2939] Attempts to restart e2fsck results in: # e2fsck /dev/mapper/candybox e2fsck 1.41.14 (22-Dec-2010) e2fsck: Group descriptors look bad... trying backup blocks... candy: recovering journal e2fsck: unable to set superblock flags on candy At this point, I decided it best to order some more drives and make an image using ddrescue Now two weeks later I have an image of the luks partition in a .img file. # ls -lh total 14T -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14T Oct 25 01:57 candybox.img -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 271 Oct 20 14:32 candybox.logfile After numerous attempts using everything I could find online I could not coerce e2fsck to do anything on the image, so I used mkfs.ext4 -L candy candybox.img -m 0 -S and I was able to mount the dirty filesystem readonly without the journal and recover 960G of data. It gave all kinds of errors of various directories not existing and so forth but I was able to get some stuff. Which gave me some hope! I then ran e2fsck again and it had to recreate the root inode and gave a massive list of correcting group counts, I accepted the root inode creation and said no to everything else, leaving a completely empty filesystem. Re-ran again and said yes to all questions with the same result but now a "clean" but empty filesystem. extundelete gives me 0 recoverable inodes found. And now I'm stuck again, I can't come up with any other methods other than dropping to something like photorec which will give me an absolute mess with how large the filesystem was. I'm willing to re-copy the image from the original array and start over, if I can get any suggestions or ideas on a way to get more of my files back. I wish I could give more detailed logs of the commands that have run, but the output is long scrolled passed except for what gets logged to syslog and my memory is not as detailed due to the timeframe this has occurred over. Any help is greatly appreciated!

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  • I am starting to think that Prevx.com isnt a legit site...but heres my long-winded question

    - by cop1152
    I apologize in advance for the long-winded post. I posted it all because I believe its informative and may be useful. Also, I posted my question at the end. Moments ago I was RDC to a file server in my home (from inside my home). I had opened Firefox and Googled for a manufacturers website. Immediately after clicking the link, Firefox abruptly closed. This seemed odd to me to so I checked the running processes and discovered d.exe, e.exe, and f.exe running. I Googled these processes on a different machine and found them belonging to a key-logger/screen-capturer/trojan called defender.exe, which according to the Prevx lives in c:\documents and settings\user\local settings\temp. (Prevx link http://www.prevx.com/filenames/147352809685142526-X1/DEFENDER32.EXE.html) Simultaneously, an obviously-spoofed Windows Firewall popup appeared on the server asking me to click ‘yes’ to update Windows Firewall. At this time I ended all rogue processes, emptied the temp folder, removed defender.exe from startup, and checked my registry and a few other locations. Before deleting Defender.exe I noted that it was created moments ago, just before Firefox crashed. I believe that I was ‘almost’ infected with this malware. I believe that it needed me to click the phony popup in order to complete infection because it wasn’t allowed to execute processes from the temp folder. After cleaning the machine, I restarted it and have been monitoring it for over an hour. I am debating on whether or not to restore the Windows partition (a separate physical drive from the data) or to just watch it for awhle. I should mention that, because of the specs on this machine, I do not run antivirus software, but I know it well and inspect it regularly. It is a very old Compaq with a 400mhz processer and 512mb of ram. I have a static IP and the server is in the DMZ running an FTP client and some HTTP server software. All files transferred to and stored on this machine are scanned for malware before transferring. Usually the machine only runs 19 processes and performs pretty well for its intended purpose. I posted the story so that you could be aware of a possible new piece of malware and how it acts, but I also have a question or two. First, over the last few months I have noticed that PREVX is listed at the top of most of my Google searches when researching malware, especially for new or obscure malware…and they always want you to purchase something. I don’t think they are one of the top AV companies, so it seems odd that they are always the top Google result. Does anyone have any experience with any of their products? Also, what sites do you rely on for malware researching? Recently, I have found it difficult to find good info because of HijackThis-logs and other deadend info cluttering up my searches. And lastly, besides antivirus, third-party firewall, etc, what settings would you use to lock down a machine to make it more secure in instances where a stubborn admin like myself refuses to run AV? Thanks.

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  • linux raid 1: right after replacing and syncing one drive, the other disk fails - understanding what is going on with mdstat/mdadm

    - by devicerandom
    We have an old RAID 1 Linux server (Ubuntu Lucid 10.04), with four partitions. A few days ago /dev/sdb failed, and today we noticed /dev/sda had pre-failure ominous SMART signs (~4000 reallocated sector count). We replaced /dev/sdb this morning and rebuilt the RAID on the new drive, following this guide: http://www.howtoforge.com/replacing_hard_disks_in_a_raid1_array Everything went smooth until the very end. When it looked like it was finishing to synchronize the last partition, the other old one failed. At this point I am very unsure of the state of the system. Everything seems working and the files seem to be all accessible, just as if it synchronized everything, but I'm new to RAID and I'm worried about what is going on. The /proc/mdstat output is: Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md3 : active raid1 sdb4[2](S) sda4[0] 478713792 blocks [2/1] [U_] md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[2](F) 244140992 blocks [2/1] [_U] md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[2](F) 244140992 blocks [2/1] [_U] md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[2](F) 9764800 blocks [2/1] [_U] unused devices: <none> The order of [_U] vs [U_]. Why aren't they consistent along all the array? Is the first U /dev/sda or /dev/sdb? (I tried looking on the web for this trivial information but I found no explicit indication) If I read correctly for md0, [_U] should be /dev/sda1 (down) and /dev/sdb1 (up). But if /dev/sda has failed, how can it be the opposite for md3 ? I understand /dev/sdb4 is now spare because probably it failed to synchronize it 100%, but why does it show /dev/sda4 as up? Shouldn't it be [__]? Or [_U] anyway? The /dev/sda drive now cannot even be accessed by SMART anymore apparently, so I wouldn't expect it to be up. What is wrong with my interpretation of the output? I attach also the outputs of mdadm --detail for the four partitions: /dev/md0: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:07 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 9764800 (9.31 GiB 10.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 9764800 (9.31 GiB 10.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:27:33 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : a3b4dbbd:859bf7f2:bde36644:fcef85e2 Events : 0.7704 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 2 8 1 - faulty spare /dev/sda1 /dev/md1: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:15 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:39:06 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 8bcd5765:90dc93d5:cc70849c:224ced45 Events : 0.1508280 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2 2 8 2 - faulty spare /dev/sda2 /dev/md2: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:19 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 2 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:46:44 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 2885668b:881cafed:b8275ae8:16bc7171 Events : 0.2289636 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3 2 8 3 - faulty spare /dev/sda3 /dev/md3: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:22 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 478713792 (456.54 GiB 490.20 GB) Used Dev Size : 478713792 (456.54 GiB 490.20 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 3 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:19:20 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 4 0 active sync /dev/sda4 1 0 0 1 removed 2 8 20 - spare /dev/sdb4 The active sync on /dev/sda4 baffles me. I am worried because if tomorrow morning I have to replace /dev/sda, I want to be sure what should I sync with what and what is going on. I am also quite baffled by the fact /dev/sda decided to fail exactly when the raid finished resyncing. I'd like to understand what is really happening. Thanks a lot for your patience and help. Massimo

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  • "Can't Connect to Server" from 2nd virtual host on VPS

    - by chaoskreator
    I'm using Debian 7 Wheezy and Apache 2.2.22, and I'm setting up Virtual Hosts for a number of websites on my VPS. I've successfully configured the VirtualHost directives for one of the sites, but the second one continually gives "Problem Loading Page" in Firefox. I've run configtest and it has verified all my syntax is correct, and I've checked all the permissions. Everything on the 2nd domain is pretty much copy/pasted from the first, so I'm not sure what the issue is, as there are no entries into /var/log/apache2/error.log other than where I have reloaded the configurations: /# cat /var/log/apache2/error.log [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [notice] Graceful restart requested, doing restart [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Init: Seeding PRNG with 656 bytes of entropy [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Init: Generating temporary RSA private keys (512/1024 bits) [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Init: Generating temporary DH parameters (512/1024 bits) [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(253): shmcb_init allocated 512000 bytes of shared memory [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(272): for 511920 bytes (512000 including header), recommending 32 subcaches, 133 indexes each [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(306): shmcb_init_memory choices follow [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(308): subcache_num = 32 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(310): subcache_size = 15992 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(312): subcache_data_offset = 3208 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(314): subcache_data_size = 12784 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] ssl_scache_shmcb.c(316): index_num = 133 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Shared memory session cache initialised [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Init: Initializing (virtual) servers for SSL [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] mod_ssl/2.2.22 compiled against Server: Apache/2.2.22, Library: OpenSSL/1.0.1e [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [notice] Apache/2.2.22 (Debian) PHP/5.4.4-14+deb7u9 mod_ssl/2.2.22 OpenSSL/1.0.1e mod_perl/2.0.7 Perl/v5.14.2 configured -- resuming normal operations [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [info] Server built: Mar 4 2013 22:05:16 [Thu May 29 01:19:00 2014] [debug] prefork.c(1023): AcceptMutex: sysvsem (default: sysvsem) I've ensured to enable each vhost with a2ensite {sitename.conf} with no errors there, either. Below are the contents of the configuration files... /etc/apache2/apache2.conf # Global configuration # LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} Timeout 300 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 KeepAliveTimeout 5 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadLimit: ThreadsPerChild can be changed to this maximum value during a # graceful restart. ThreadLimit can only be changed by stopping # and starting Apache. # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> DefaultType None HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel debug # Include module configuration: Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf # Include list of ports to listen on and which to use for name based vhosts Include ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent <Directory "/var/www"> Order allow,deny Allow from all Require all granted </Directory> # Include generic snippets of statements Include conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include sites-enabled/*.conf NameVirtualHost *:80 /etc/apache2/sites-available/site1.net.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName site1.net ServerAlias site1.net *.site1.net DocumentRoot "/var/www/site1" ErrorLog "/var/www/site1/logs/error.log" CustomLog "/var/www/site1/logs/access.log" vhost_combined <Directory "/var/www/site1"> Options None AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all Satisfy Any </Directory> </VirtualHost> /etc/apache2/sites-available/site2.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName site2.com ServerAlias site2.com *.site2.com DocumentRoot "/var/www/site2" ErrorLog "/var/www/site2/logs/error.log" CustomLog "/var/www/site2/logs/access.log" vhost_combined <Directory "/var/www/site2"> Options None AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all Satisfy Any </Directory> </VirtualHost> I've also tried setting NameVirtualHost like: Listen 80 NameVirtualHost 23.88.121.82:80 NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80 and the VirtualHost Directives: <VirtualHost 23.88.121.82:80> ... </VirtualHost> for both sites, but that causes the first site to fail, as well. I'm wondering if I need to set up individual IPs for each site, possibly? I have 2 more IPv4 and 3 IPv6 addresses available, if that would make a difference. Also, in the grand scheme of things, I will need to enable SSL for the first site. I've been reading that I'll need to basically just mimic the directives for listening on port 80, only on port 443, and make sure mod_ssl is enabled? EDIT: I just ran apache2 -t to test the config files that way, and got the error: apache2: bad user name ${APACHE_RUN_USER}. However, apachectl configtest returns Syntax OK. There are no other mentions of errors with the mutex anywhere else, however. I was pretty sure if there was an error with the user apache was supposed to run under, the server wouldn't start at all... EDIT 2: Restarting apache fixed the bad user name error.

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  • Removing expired certificates from LDS (new ver of ADAM)

    - by jonthebrewer
    Hi all. This is my situation: We are in the process of replacing a certificate store currently hosted on Sun's iPlanet with Microsoft's Lightweight Directory Services (new version of ADAM with Server 2008). These certificates have been imported into LDS into an application partition (say o=myorg, C=AU). Under this structure I have around 40,000 OU's each one representing a customer under each customers OU are one or more user (iNetOrg) objects (around 60,000 in all). In each user are one or more certificates in the UserCertificate attribute. A combination of in-house written application code and proprietory PKI code reads and publishes these certficates to validate financial transactions. As the LDAP path of the certificates is stored within the customer certificates (and within the application code) and there is zero appetite for changing any of the code, I have had to pick up the iPlanet directory as a whole and dump it in LDS in the same structure. (I will not be using or hosting a Microsoft CA, just implementing an LDAP compliant directory to host these certificates) We have fully tested the application using the data in LDS and everything works fine - here is my dilema and question (finally, phew!) There was no process put in place for removing revoked or expired certificates, consequently the vast majority of the data is completely useless, the system has been running for about 8 years! I have done a quick analysis and I estimate that at least 80% of the data is no longer valid. As I am taking on responsibility for managing the directory I would like to start with a clean directory. Does anyone have any idea how I can cleanup these expired certificates. I am not a highly experienced scripter but have some background in VB. I have been researching the use of CAPICOM and have a feeling this may be able to be used but in exactly what way I am not sure?? I would prefer to write a script that I could specify an expiration date (say any certs that expired prior to 2010) then run against the LDS paritition. This way I can reuse the script periodically to cleanup the directory (as mentioned above - I have no way to adjust the applications that are writing the certs, this is with a third party). Another, less attractive, alternative is to massage the LDIF file (2.7 million lines!) to rip the certs out prior to the import Any help and advice MUCH appreciated. Cheers Jon

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  • JBoss EJB Bean not bound

    - by portoalet
    Hi, I have the following error Exception in thread "main" javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: CounterBean not bound trying to access an EJB JAR CounterBean.jar deployed on JBoss5 from a client application outside the Application Server. From the Jboss log, it looks like it does not have a global JNDI name? Is this ok? What have I done wrong? JBoss log: 13:50:39,669 INFO [JBossASKernel] Created KernelDeployment for: Counter.jar 13:50:39,672 INFO [JBossASKernel] installing bean: jboss.j2ee:jar=Counter.jar,name=CounterBean,service=EJB3 13:50:39,672 INFO [JBossASKernel] with dependencies: 13:50:39,672 INFO [JBossASKernel] and demands: 13:50:39,673 INFO [JBossASKernel] partition:partitionName=DefaultPartition; Required: Described 13:50:39,673 INFO [JBossASKernel] jboss.ejb:service=EJBTimerService; Required: Described 13:50:39,673 INFO [JBossASKernel] and supplies: 13:50:39,673 INFO [JBossASKernel] jndi:CounterBean 13:50:39,673 INFO [JBossASKernel] Added bean(jboss.j2ee:jar=Counter.jar,name=CounterBean,service=EJB3) to KernelDeployment of: Counte r.jar 13:50:39,712 INFO [SessionSpecContainer] Starting jboss.j2ee:jar=Counter.jar,name=CounterBean,service=EJB3 13:50:39,727 INFO [EJBContainer] STARTED EJB: com.don.CounterBean ejbName: CounterBean 13:50:39,732 INFO [JndiSessionRegistrarBase] Binding the following Entries in Global JNDI: The client code is: public static void main(String[] args) throws NamingException, InterruptedException { InitialContext ctx = new InitialContext(); Counter s = (Counter)ctx.lookup("CounterBean/remote"); for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) { s.printCount(i); Thread.sleep(1000); } } Error message: java -Djava.naming.provider.url=jnp://123.123.123.123:1099 -Djava.naming.factory.initial=org.jnp.interfaces.NamingContextFactory com.don.Client Exception in thread "main" javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: CounterBean not bound at org.jnp.server.NamingServer.getBinding(NamingServer.java:771) at org.jnp.server.NamingServer.getBinding(NamingServer.java:779) at org.jnp.server.NamingServer.getObject(NamingServer.java:785) at org.jnp.server.NamingServer.lookup(NamingServer.java:396) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:305) at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:159) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:155) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:535) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:790) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:649) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619) at sun.rmi.transport.StreamRemoteCall.exceptionReceivedFromServer(StreamRemoteCall.java:255) at sun.rmi.transport.StreamRemoteCall.executeCall(StreamRemoteCall.java:233) at sun.rmi.server.UnicastRef.invoke(UnicastRef.java:142) at org.jnp.server.NamingServer_Stub.lookup(Unknown Source) at org.jnp.interfaces.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:726) at org.jnp.interfaces.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:686) at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:392) at com.don.Client.main(Client.java:10)

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  • Connecting to Active Directory Application Mode from Perl

    - by Khurram Aziz
    I am trying to connect to Active Directory Application Mode instance. The instance is conenctable from third party LDAP clients like Softerra LDAP Browser. But I am getting the following error when connecting from Perl Net::LDAP=HASH(0x876d8e4) sending: Net::LDAP=HASH(0x876d8e4) received: 30 84 00 00 00 A7 02 01 02 65 84 00 00 00 9E 0A 0........e...... 01 01 04 00 04 84 00 00 00 93 30 30 30 30 30 34 ..........000004 44 43 3A 20 4C 64 61 70 45 72 72 3A 20 44 53 49 DC: LdapErr: DSI 44 2D 30 43 30 39 30 36 32 42 2C 20 63 6F 6D 6D D-0C09062B, comm 65 6E 74 3A 20 49 6E 20 6F 72 64 65 72 20 74 6F ent: In order to 20 70 65 72 66 6F 72 6D 20 74 68 69 73 20 6F 70 perform this op 65 72 61 74 69 6F 6E 20 61 20 73 75 63 63 65 73 eration a succes 73 66 75 6C 20 62 69 6E 64 20 6D 75 73 74 20 62 sful bind must b 65 20 63 6F 6D 70 6C 65 74 65 64 20 6F 6E 20 74 e completed on t 68 65 20 63 6F 6E 6E 65 63 74 69 6F 6E 2E 2C 20 he connection., 64 61 74 61 20 30 2C 20 76 65 63 65 00 __ __ __ data 0, vece.` My directory structure is Partition: CN=Apps,DC=MyCo,DC=COM User exists as CN=myuser,CN=Apps,DC=MyCo,DC=COM I have couple of other entries of the custom class which I am interested to browse; those instances appear fine in ADSI Edit, Softerra LDAP Browser etc. I am new to Perl....My perl code is #!/usr/bin/perl use Net::LDAP; $ldap = Net::LDAP->new("127.0.0.1", debug => 2, user => "CN=myuser,CN=Apps,DC=MyCo,DC=COM", password => "secret" ) or die "$@"; $ldap->bind(version => 3) or die "$@"; print "Connected to ldap\n"; $mesg = $ldap->search( filter => "(objectClass=*)" ) or die ("Failed on search.$!"); my $max = $mesg->count; print "$max records found!\n"; for( my $index = 0 ; $index < $max ; $index++) { my $entry = $mesg->entry($index); my $dn = $entry->dn; @attrs = $entry->attributes; foreach my $var (@attrs) { $attr = $entry->get_value( $var, asref => 1 ); if ( defined($attr) ) { foreach my $value ( @$attr ) { print "$var: $value\n"; } } } } $ldap->unbind();

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  • Finding minimum cut-sets between bounded subgraphs

    - by Tore
    If a game map is partitioned into subgraphs, how to minimize edges between subgraphs? I have a problem, Im trying to make A* searches through a grid based game like pacman or sokoban, but i need to find "enclosures". What do i mean by enclosures? subgraphs with as few cut edges as possible given a maximum size and minimum size for number of vertices for each subgraph that act as a soft constraints. Alternatively you could say i am looking to find bridges between subgraphs, but its generally the same problem. Given a game that looks like this, what i want to do is find enclosures so that i can properly find entrances to them and thus get a good heuristic for reaching vertices inside these enclosures. So what i want is to find these colored regions on any given map. My Motivation The reason for me bothering to do this and not just staying content with the performance of a simple manhattan distance heuristic is that an enclosure heuristic can give more optimal results and i would not have to actually do the A* to get some proper distance calculations and also for later adding competitive blocking of opponents within these enclosures when playing sokoban type games. Also the enclosure heuristic can be used for a minimax approach to finding goal vertices more properly. A possible solution to the problem is the Kernighan-Lin algorithm: function Kernighan-Lin(G(V,E)): determine a balanced initial partition of the nodes into sets A and B do A1 := A; B1 := B compute D values for all a in A1 and b in B1 for (i := 1 to |V|/2) find a[i] from A1 and b[i] from B1, such that g[i] = D[a[i]] + D[b[i]] - 2*c[a][b] is maximal move a[i] to B1 and b[i] to A1 remove a[i] and b[i] from further consideration in this pass update D values for the elements of A1 = A1 / a[i] and B1 = B1 / b[i] end for find k which maximizes g_max, the sum of g[1],...,g[k] if (g_max > 0) then Exchange a[1],a[2],...,a[k] with b[1],b[2],...,b[k] until (g_max <= 0) return G(V,E) My problem with this algorithm is its runtime at O(n^2 * lg(n)), i am thinking of limiting the nodes in A1 and B1 to the border of each subgraph to reduce the amount of work done. I also dont understand the c[a][b] cost in the algorithm, if a and b do not have an edge between them is the cost assumed to be 0 or infinity, or should i create an edge based on some heuristic. Do you know what c[a][b] is supposed to be when there is no edge between a and b? Do you think my problem is suitable to use a multi level problem? Why or why not? Do you have a good idea for how to reduce the work done with the kernighan-lin algorithm for my problem?

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  • Is the design notion of layers contrived?

    - by Bruce
    Hi all I'm reading through Eric Evans' awesome work, Domain-Driven Design. However, I can't help feeling that the 'layers' model is contrived. To expand on that statement, it seems as if it tries to shoe-horn various concepts into a specific, neat model, that of layers talking to each other. It seems to me that the layers model is too simplified to actually capture the way that (good) software works. To expand further: Evans says: "Partition a complex program into layers. Develop a design within each layer that is cohesive and that depends only on the layers below. Follow standard architectural patterns to provide loose coupling to the layers above." Maybe I'm misunderstanding what 'depends' means, but as far as I can see, it can either mean a) Class X (in the UI for example) has a reference to a concrete class Y (in the main application) or b) Class X has a reference to a class Y-ish object providing class Y-ish services (ie a reference held as an interface). If it means (a), then this is clearly a bad thing, since it defeats re-using the UI as a front-end to some other application that provides Y-ish functionality. But if it means (b), then how is the UI any more dependent on the application, than the application is dependent on the UI? Both are decoupled from each other as much as they can be while still talking to each other. Evans' layer model of dependencies going one way seems too neat. First, isn't it more accurate to say that each area of the design provides a module that is pretty much an island to itself, and that ideally all communication is through interfaces, in a contract-driven/responsibility-driven paradigm? (ie, the 'dependency only on lower layers' is contrived). Likewise with the domain layer talking to the database - the domain layer is as decoupled (through DAO etc) from the database as the database is from the domain layer. Neither is dependent on the other, both can be swapped out. Second, the idea of a conceptual straight line (as in from one layer to the next) is artificial - isn't there more a network of intercommunicating but separate modules, including external services, utility services and so on, branching off at different angles? Thanks all - hoping that your responses can clarify my understanding on this..

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  • OpenGL render vs. own Phong Illumination Implementation

    - by Myx
    Hello: I have implemented a Phong Illumination Scheme using a camera that's centered at (0,0,0) and looking directly at the sphere primitive. The following are the relevant contents of the scene file that is used to view the scene using OpenGL as well as to render the scene using my own implementation: ambient 0 1 0 dir_light 1 1 1 -3 -4 -5 # A red sphere with 0.5 green ambiance, centered at (0,0,0) with radius 1 material 0 0.5 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 0 sphere 0 0 0 0 1 The resulting image produced by OpenGL. The image that my rendering application produces. As you can see, there are various differences between the two: The specular highlight on my image is smaller than the one in OpenGL. The diffuse surface seems to not diffuse in the correct way, resulting in the yellow region to be unneccessarily large in my image, whereas in OpenGL there's a nice dark green region closer to the bottom of the sphere The color produced by OpenGL is much darker than the one in my image. Those are the most prominent three differences that I see. The following is my implementation of the Phong illumination: R3Rgb Phong(R3Scene *scene, R3Ray *ray, R3Intersection *intersection) { R3Rgb radiance; if(intersection->hit == 0) { radiance = scene->background; return radiance; } R3Vector normal = intersection->normal; R3Rgb Kd = intersection->node->material->kd; R3Rgb Ks = intersection->node->material->ks; // obtain ambient term R3Rgb intensity_ambient = intersection->node->material->ka*scene->ambient; // obtain emissive term R3Rgb intensity_emission = intersection->node->material->emission; // for each light in the scene, obtain calculate the diffuse and specular terms R3Rgb intensity_diffuse(0,0,0,1); R3Rgb intensity_specular(0,0,0,1); for(unsigned int i = 0; i < scene->lights.size(); i++) { R3Light *light = scene->Light(i); R3Rgb light_color = LightIntensity(scene->Light(i), intersection->position); R3Vector light_vector = -LightDirection(scene->Light(i), intersection->position); // calculate diffuse reflection intensity_diffuse += Kd*normal.Dot(light_vector)*light_color; // calculate specular reflection R3Vector reflection_vector = 2.*normal.Dot(light_vector)*normal-light_vector; reflection_vector.Normalize(); R3Vector viewing_vector = ray->Start() - intersection->position; viewing_vector.Normalize(); double n = intersection->node->material->shininess; intensity_specular += Ks*pow(max(0.,viewing_vector.Dot(reflection_vector)),n)*light_color; } radiance = intensity_emission+intensity_ambient+intensity_diffuse+intensity_specular; return radiance; } Here are the related LightIntensity(...) and LightDirection(...) functions: R3Vector LightDirection(R3Light *light, R3Point position) { R3Vector light_direction; switch(light->type) { case R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT: light_direction = light->direction; break; case R3_POINT_LIGHT: light_direction = position-light->position; break; case R3_SPOT_LIGHT: light_direction = position-light->position; break; } light_direction.Normalize(); return light_direction; } R3Rgb LightIntensity(R3Light *light, R3Point position) { R3Rgb light_intensity; double distance; double denominator; if(light->type != R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT) { distance = (position-light->position).Length(); denominator = light->constant_attenuation + light->linear_attenuation*distance + light->quadratic_attenuation*distance*distance; } switch(light->type) { case R3_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT: light_intensity = light->color; break; case R3_POINT_LIGHT: light_intensity = light->color/denominator; break; case R3_SPOT_LIGHT: R3Vector from_light_to_point = position - light->position; light_intensity = light->color*( pow(light->direction.Dot(from_light_to_point), light->angle_attenuation)); break; } return light_intensity; } I would greatly appreciate any suggestions as to any implementation errors that are apparent. I am wondering if the differences could be occurring simply because of the gamma values used for display by OpenGL and the default gamma value for my display. I also know that OpenGL (or at least tha parts that I was provided) can't cast shadows on objects. Not that this is relevant for the point in question, but it just leads me to wonder if it's simply display and capability differences between OpenGL and what I am trying to do. Thank you for your help.

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  • WCF Authentication on the Internet - HELP

    - by Eddie
    I have a WCF service using the basicHTTP binding. The service will be targeted to be deployed in production in a DMZ environment on a Windows Server 2008 64 bit running IIS 7.0 and is not in an Active Directory domain. The service will be accessed by a business partner over the Internet with SSL protection. Originally, I had built the service to use x.509 Message authentication with wsHTTPBinding and after a lot of problems I punted and decided to back up and use basicHTTP with UserName authentication. Result: same exact, obscure error message as I received with certificate mode. The service works perfectly inside our domain with the exact same authentication but as soon as I move it to the DMZ I get an error reading: "An unsecured or incorrectly secured fault was received from the other party. See the inner FaultException for the fault code and detail". The inner exception message is: "An error occurred when verifying security for the message." The services' web config with binding configuration is as follows: <services> <service behaviorConfiguration="HSSanoviaFacade.Service1Behavior" name="HSSanoviaFacade.HSSanoviaFacade"> <endpoint address="" binding="basicHttpBinding" contract="HSSanoviaFacade.IHSSanoviaFacade" bindingConfiguration="basicHttp"> <identity> <dns value="localhost" /> </identity> </endpoint> <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpsBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" /> <host> <baseAddresses> <add baseAddress="https://FULLY QUALIFIED HOST NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT/> </baseAddresses> </host> </service> </services> <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="basicHttp"> <security mode="TransportWithMessageCredential"> <message clientCredentialType="UserName" /> </security> </binding> </basicHttpBinding> </bindings> <behaviors> <serviceBehaviors> <behavior name="HSSanoviaFacade.Service1Behavior"> <serviceMetadata httpsGetEnabled="True" /> <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="True" /> </behavior> </serviceBehaviors> </behaviors> The test client's configuration that gets the error: <bindings> <basicHttpBinding> <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IHSSanoviaFacade" closeTimeout="00:01:00" openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00" allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard" maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536" messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered" useDefaultWebProxy="true"> <readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384" maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /> <security mode="TransportWithMessageCredential"> <transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None" realm="" /> <message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" /> </security> </binding> </basicHttpBinding> </bindings> <client> <endpoint address="https://HOST NAME CHANGED TO PROTECT" binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IHSSanoviaFacade" contract="MembersService.IHSSanoviaFacade" name="BasicHttpBinding_IHSSanoviaFacade" /> </client> As mentioned earlier, the service works perfectly on the domain and the production IIS box is not on a domain. I have been tweaking and pulling my hair out for 2 weeks now and nothing seems to work. If anyone can help I would appreciate it. Even a recommendation for a work around for authentication. I'd rather not use a custom authentication scheme but use built-in SOAP capabilities. The credentials pass in thru the proxy i.e. proxy.ClientCredentials.UserName.UserName and proxy.ClientCredentials.UserName.Password are valid accounts on both the internal domain in the test environment and as a machine account on the DMZ IIS box.

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  • jQuery programming style?

    - by Sam Dufel
    I was recently asked to fix something on a site which I haven't worked on before. I haven't really worked with jQuery that much, but I figured I'd take a look and see if I could fix it. I've managed to mostly clear up the problem, but I'm still horrified at the way they chose to build this site. On document load, they replace the click() method of every anchor tag and form element with the same massive function. When clicked, that function then checks if the tag has one of a few different attributes (non-standard attributes, even), and does a variety of different tasks depending on what attributes exist and what their values are. Some hyperlinks have an attribute on them called 'ajaxrel', which makes the click() function look for another (hidden) hyperlink with an ID specified by the ajaxrel attribute, and then calls the click() function for that other hyperlink (which was also modified by this same click() function). On the server side, all the php files are quite long and have absolutely no indentation. This whole site has been a nightmare to debug. Is this standard jQuery practice? This navigation scheme seems terrible. Does anyone else actually use jQuery this way? I'd like to start incorporating it into my projects, but looking at this site is giving me a serious headache. Here's the click() function for hyperlinks: function ajaxBoxA(theElement, urltosend, ajaxbox, dialogbox) { if ($(theElement).attr("href") != undefined) var urltosend = $(theElement).attr("href"); if ($(theElement).attr('toajaxbox') != undefined) var ajaxbox = $(theElement).attr('toajaxbox'); // check to see if dialog box is called for. if ($(theElement).attr('dialogbox') != undefined) var dialogbox = $(theElement).attr('dialogbox'); var dodialog = 0; if (dialogbox != undefined) { // if dialogbox doesn't exist, then flag to create dialog box. var isDiaOpen = $('[ajaxbox="' + ajaxbox + '"]').parent().parent().is(".ui-dialog-container"); dodialog = 1; if (isDiaOpen) { dodialog = 0; } dialogbox = parseUri(dialogbox); dialogoptions = { close: function () { // $("[id^=hierarchy]",this).NestedSortableDestroy(); $(this).dialog('destroy').remove() } }; for ( var keyVar in dialogbox['queryKey'] ) eval( "dialogoptions." + keyVar + " = dialogbox['queryKey'][keyVar]"); }; $("body").append("<div id='TB_load'><img src='"+imgLoader.src+"' /></div>"); $('#TB_load').show(); if (urltosend.search(/\?/) > 0) { urltosend = urltosend + "&-ajax=1"; } else { urltosend = urltosend + "?-ajax=1"; } if ($('[ajaxbox="' + ajaxbox + '"]').length) { $('[ajaxbox="' + ajaxbox + '"]').each( function () { $(this).empty(); }); }; $.ajax({ type: "GET", url: urltosend, data: "", async: false, dataType: "html", success: function (html) { var re = /^<toajaxbox>(.*?)<\/toajaxbox>+(.*)/; if (re.test(html)) { var match = re.exec(html); ajaxbox = match[1]; html = Right(html, String(html).length - String(match[1]).length); } var re = /^<header>(.*?)<\/header>+(.*)/; if (re.test(html)) { var match = re.exec(html); window.location = match[1]; return false; } if (html.length > 0) { var newHtml = $(html); if ($('[ajaxbox="' + ajaxbox + '"]').length) { $('[ajaxbox="' + ajaxbox + '"]').each( function () { $(this).replaceWith(newHtml).ready( function () { ajaxBoxInit(newHtml) if (window.ajaxboxsuccess) ajaxboxsuccess(newHtml); }); }); if ($('[ajaxdialog="' + ajaxbox + '"]').length = 0) { if (dodialog) $(newHtml).wrap("<div class='flora ui-dialog-content' ajaxdialog='" + ajaxbox + "' style='overflow:auto;'></div>").parent().dialog(dialogoptions); } } else { $("body").append(newHtml).ready( function () { ajaxBoxInit(newHtml); if (window.ajaxboxsuccess) ajaxboxsuccess(newHtml); }); if (dodialog) $(newHtml).wrap("<div class='flora ui-dialog-content' ajaxdialog='" + ajaxbox + "' style='overflow:auto;'></div>").parent().dialog(dialogoptions); } } var rel = $(theElement).attr('ajaxtriggerrel'); if (rel != undefined) $('a[ajaxrel="' + rel + '"]').click(); tb_remove(); return false; }, complete: function () { $("#TB_load").remove(); } }); return false; }

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  • MBR status confusion

    - by Ahmed Ghoneim
    EB 58 90 6D 6B 64 6F 73 66 73 00 00 02 08 20 00 02 00 00 00 00 F8 00 00 3E 00 83 00 00 00 00 00 94 88 7E 00 98 1F 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 29 A9 38 B1 34 57 61 76 65 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 0E 1F BE 77 7C AC 22 C0 74 0B 56 B4 0E BB 07 00 CD 10 5E EB F0 32 E4 CD 16 CD 19 EB FE 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6E 6F 74 20 61 20 62 6F 6F 74 61 62 6C 65 20 64 69 73 6B 2E 20 20 50 6C 65 61 73 65 20 69 6E 73 65 72 74 20 61 20 62 6F 6F 74 61 62 6C 65 20 66 6C 6F 70 70 79 20 61 6E 64 0D 0A 70 72 65 73 73 20 61 6E 79 20 6B 65 79 20 74 6F 20 74 72 79 20 61 67 61 69 6E 20 2E 2E 2E 20 0D 0A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 AA Learning disk records, this is my USB MBR record viewed by bless on ubuntu formatted with disk utility as MBR table and FAT partition, referring to this Wiki of first record status (0x80 = bootable (active), 0x00 = non-bootable, other = invalid ) but my MBR shows first offset as EB. What's this record stands for ? also, can you provide me with good tables/images tutorials for MBR and other disks' records :)

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  • Loading the last related record instantly for multiple parent records using Entity framework

    - by Guillaume Schuermans
    Does anyone know a good approach using Entity Framework for the problem described below? I am trying for our next release to come up with a performant way to show the placed orders for the logged on customer. Of course paging is always a good technique to use when a lot of data is available I would like to see an answer without any paging techniques. Here's the story: a customer places an order which gets an orderstatus = PENDING. Depending on some strategy we move that order up the chain in order to get it APPROVED. Every change of status is logged so we can see a trace for statusses and maybe even an extra line of comment per status which can provide some extra valuable information to whoever sees this order in an interface. So an Order is linked to a Customer. One order can have multiple orderstatusses stored in OrderStatusHistory. In my testscenario I am using a customer which has 100+ Orders each with about 5 records in the OrderStatusHistory-table. I would for now like to see all orders in one page not using paging where for each Order I show the last relevant Status and the extra comment (if there is any for this last status; both fields coming from OrderStatusHistory; the record with the highest Id for the given OrderId). There are multiple scenarios I have tried, but I would like to see any potential other solutions or comments on the things I have already tried. Trying to do Include() when getting Orders but this still results in multiple queries launched on the database. Each order triggers an extra query to the database to get all orderstatusses in the history table. So all statusses are queried here instead of just returning the last relevant one, plus 100 extra queries are launched for 100 orders. You can imagine the problem when there are 100000+ orders in the database. Having 2 computed columns on the database: LastStatus, LastStatusInformation and a regular Linq-Query which gets those columns which are available through the Entity-model. The problem with this approach is the fact that those computed columns are determined using a scalar function which can not be changed without removing the formula from the computed column, etc... In the end I am very familiar with SQL and Stored procedures, but since the rest of the data-layer uses Entity Framework I would like to stick to it as long as possible, even though I have my doubts about performance. Using the SQL approach I would write something like this: WITH cte (RN, OrderId, [Status], Information) AS ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY OrderId ORDER BY Id DESC), OrderId, [Status], Information FROM OrderStatus ) SELECT o.Id, cte.[Status], cte.Information AS StatusInformation, o.* FROM [Order] o INNER JOIN cte ON o.Id = cte.OrderId AND cte.RN = 1 WHERE CustomerId = @CustomerId ORDER BY 1 DESC; which returns all orders for the customer with the statusinformation provided by the Common Table Expression. Does anyone know a good approach using Entity Framework?

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