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• Best method(s) to backup VMs running on HyperV?

  - by Kara Marfia

  We're in the middle of P2V'ing most of the network, so the current backup method is likely the worst - the backup agent is still installed on the guest OSs, and the backup device is dutifully pulling them onto tape, one file at a time. I suspect there's a clever way to script (PowerShell?) a suspend on the VMs, then backup of the .vhd files, and unsuspend the VMs. This seems like it would provide big speed benefits, while losing file-level restore (might be best for things like DCs and app servers). What methods/policies have you hammered out?

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• Dealing with LDAP failure when using it for PAM/NSS?

  - by Insyte

  I use a redundant pair of OpenLDAP servers for PAM auth and directory services via NSS. It's been 100% reliable so far, but nothing runs flawlessly forever. What steps should I take now so I have a fighting chance of recovering from failure of the LDAP server(s)? In my informal testing, it appears that even already authenticated shells are largely useless as all username/uid lookups hang until the directory server comes back. So far I've come up with only two things: Do not use NSS-LDAP and PAM-LDAP on the LDAP servers themselves. Create a root-level account on all boxes that only accepts publickey authentication from our local subnet and protect that key well. I'm not sure how much good this would do me as once I'm logged in, I suspect I wouldn't be able to accomplish anything since all the userid lookups would be hanging. Any other suggestions?

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• Is Page-Loading Time Relevant?

  - by doug

  Take this (ServerFault) page for instance. It has about 20 elements. When the last of these has loaded, the page is deemed "loaded"--but not before. This is certainly the protocol used by our testing service (which is among the small group of well-known vendors that offer that sort of service). Obviously this method is based on a clear, definite endpoint--therefore it's easy to apply w/ concomitant reliability. I think it's also the metric used by the popular Firefox plugin, 'YSlow.' For my employer's website, nearly always the last-to-load items are tracking code, tracking pixels, etc., so from the user's point of view--their perception--the page was "loaded" well before it had actually loaded based on the criterion used by our testing service (15-20% is a rough estimate). I'm sure i'm not the first person to consider this nor the first to wonder if it is causing micro-optimization while ignoring overall system-level, or user-perceived performance. So my question is, are there are other more practical (yet still reasonably precise) measures of page loading time?

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• <authentication mode=“Windows”/>

  - by kareemsaad

  I had this error when I browse new web site that site sub from sub http://sharp.elarabygroup.com/ha/deault.aspx ha is new my web site Configuration Error Description: An error occurred during the processing of a configuration file required to service this request. Please review the specific error details below and modify your configuration file appropriately. Parser Error Message: It is an error to use a section registered as allowDefinition='MachineToApplication' beyond application level. This error can be caused by a virtual directory not being configured as an application in IIS. Source Error: Line 61: ASP.NET to identify an incoming user. Line 62: -- Line 63: Line 64: section enables configuration Line 65: of what to do if/when an unhandled error occurs I note other web site as sub from sub hadn't web.config is that realted with web.config and all subs and domain has one web.config

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• Rejecting new HTTP requests when server reaches a certain throughput

  - by Sam

  I have a requirement to run an HTTP server that rejects new HTTP requests (with a 503, or similar) when the global transfer rate of current HTTP responses exceeds a certain level. For example, if the web server is transferring at 98Mbps, and a new HTTP request arrives, we would want to reject this (as we couldn't guarantee a good speed). I've had a look at mod_cband for Apache, limit_req for nginx, and lighttpd's rate limiting features, but none of them seem to handle my (rather contrived, granted) use case. I should add that I'm open to using pretty much any web server, and am open to implementing this in iptables rules if someone can craft such a rule! (Refusing the TCP connection is fine, it doesn't have to respond with an HTTP 503). Any suggestions?

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• Why are there so few Wireless N Dual Band adapter PCI cards, only USB adapters instead?

  - by daiphoenix

  There has been several Wireless N Dual Band routers/APs out in the market for quite some time now, and there are several Wireless N Dual Band USB adapters out there. But as for PCI/PCI-X card adapters, there seems to be only one (the Linksys WMP600N). Why is that? I find it very strange. Is it because the USB adapters are easier to install, and can be used on multiple computers? But if so, why isn't it the same case with single band (2.4 Ghz) wireless N adapters? Because for these ones there as many PCI card adapters as there are USB adapters. Also, can the USB adapters, despite the lack of external antenna, offer the same level of performance as a card with external antennas?

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• Taking stock of an existing ASA Firewall

  - by Nate

  Imagine you are given an existing network using an ASA firewall. The network works, but you aren't sure of anything else. The firewall may be completely improperly configured, with "outside" actually being inside and "inside" actually being outside, for all you know. My question is this: what are the commands to take stock of an existing ASA firewall setup? With only CLI access, how do I figure out: What interfaces are available The names of the interfaces The security levels attached to the interfaces The access-lists attached to the interfaces, including rules and directions I know how to set these things (interface, nameif, security-level, and access-list/access-group), but I don't know how to figure them out given an existing system. On a related note, is there anything else that I should worry about checking to make sure that the network isn't wide open? Thanks!

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• How do I disable microphone volume auto-adjusting?

  - by balpha

  My coworkers started yelling at me today because apparently I started screaming in their ears during a Google hangout. And sure enough, when I go to the Microphone settings dialog, I can see the level being auto-adjusted constantly; sometimes way too high. I don't think this has happened previously; at least nobody ever complained. Can I find out who is doing that auto-adjusting, and more importantly, can I turn it off? I couldn't find any related setting in the recording device settings. I'm using Windows 7 64bit, and (I'm mentioning this because the theory has come up that it may be related) I don't have Skype running.

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• Video encoding is very slow on Amazon EC2 instance

  - by Timka

  We are using Amazon EC2 m1.xlarge instance for video re-encoding and it looks like the actual encoding process takes a very long time. For an average 250mb video file it takes about an hour to encode. Intance: m1.xlarge (Xeon E5645 x 15gb ram) Windows Server 2008 R2 64-bit AviSynth version 2.5 (32bit) + ffms2 plugin (FFmpegSource 1.21) FFmpeg SVN-r13712 libavutil 3213056 libavcodec 3356930 libavformat 3411456 libavdevice 3407872 Number of parallel jobs is 3 Average CPU utilization ~96% Update#1 Source video: mp4/h.264 Parameters for ffmpeg: --enable-memalign-hack --enable-avisynth --enable-libxvid --enable-libx264 + --enable-libgsm --enable-libfaac --enable-libfaad --enable-liba52 + --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libtheora --enable-pthreads + --enable-swscale --enable-gpl Video files encoded to mp4/h.264 with the following extra command line options: -threads 0 -coder 0 -bf 0 -refs 1 -level 30 -maxrate 10000000 -bufsize 10000000

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• Windows Filtering Platform not turning off until admin logon. Win2008R2sp1

  - by rjt

  Just installed Windows Server 2008R2 SP1 to see if it would fix this problem, but it didn't. Until an administrator logs onto the domain controller, there are many events that WFP blocked a connection from Server60 to Server60 or Server60 to Server70. Both server60 and server70 are the domain controllers. One the admin logs on, the WFP events stop. The firewall is off by default GPO. Yes, i know that the WFP kicks in during the boot up sequence until the firewall takes over or in my case does not take over (since Vista), but i clearly should not have to autologon to a domain controller and call autolock or something. Example event LEVEL = Information Source = Microsoft Windows Security Auditing EventID = 5152 "Filtering Platform Packet Drop" and its evil twin id = 5157 "Filtering Platform Connection" "The Windows Filtering platform has blocked a connection." Direction %%14593 SourceAddress 192.168.10.60 SourcePort 49677 DestAddress 192.168.10.60 DestPort 389 Protocol 6 FilterRTID 65667 LayerName %%14611 LayerRTID 48 RemoteUserID S-1-0-0 RemoteMachineID S-1-0-0 windows-server-2008-r2 WFP BFE WindowsFilteringPlatform BaseFilteringEngine

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• Updating windows xp hard drive controller from ubuntu live disk

  - by Joel

  The problem: When booting, I get a blue screen shortly after the Windows XP logo splash screen. The error code is 7b, and the second hex number is 0xC0000034. Based on this link (item 7) it appears the driver should be updated. Oddly, I made no changes to the drivers recently. I suspect it was something in a windows update or the newest upgrade of my antivirus (eset). But I digress. The BSOD makes me unable to boot into Windows at all, so I can't update the driver from there. I've run various bios-level diagnostics (including full surface scan) and the hd looks good. I'm also able to boot to an old ubuntu disk and read files from the hd. The question: Based on the above, it appears that I need to update the Windows hard drive controller from the ubuntu live disk. How do I do that?

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• Launch apps or run commands on Windows via shortcuts

  - by Francisc

  Is it possible to register shortcuts on Windows 7 so that regardless where you are looking (Desktop, a folder etc) the shortcut gets "heard" and the appropriate action is performed. For example, creating a shortcut in the System32 folder which will work if you use Run with the shortcut's name, will not work if you set a key combination when focus is set on the Desktop for example. Is there a native way of registering top-level shortcuts or even an application for enabling this? Example of things I want keyboard shortcuts for: open a specific folder like %path% create a new .js file in the current folder launch an application eventually with its path set to the current location if the app supports this (e.g. command prompt) Thank you.

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• What's a fast way to copy a lot of files from an internal hard-drive to external (USB) storage?

  - by jonathanconway

  I have a large amount of data - about 500 GB - on the internal hard drive of a desktop PC. This includes music, videos, PDFs... you name it. I want to copy everything to an external USB hard drive (1.5 tb capacity). The desktop PC runs Ubuntu. To being with, I simply plugged in and mounted the hard drive and dragged the top-level folder onto the drive. It's started copying, but it seems to be proceeding very slowly. About 10 minutes later and it's only done about 500 MB. I'm sure this is slower than what I could achieve with less total data. So I'm wondering if there's a quicker way of doing this. Would it be better to copy it in portions of 500MB or so, rather than all at once?

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• Keyboard layout to shift wasd keys

  - by Joel Coehoorn

  I like to play video games on my computer. One of the things that bugs me, though, is how the wasd keys became the standard movement keys in first person shooters and mmorpgs. To me, esdf makes a lot more sense, because that matches your normal hand placement for typing. "Fixing" that layout is always the first thing I do when installing a new game. Sadly, this is often a pain in the neck, and some games won't let you do it at all. Is there an alternative keyboard layout you can install that will just switch these around, so the wasd keys fall in the esdf positions? And is low-level enough two work with DirectX/DirectInput, perhaps that works with the language bar for easy swapping back and forth?

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• Delegation Permissions to admins in Active Directory/Taskpads

  - by user1569537

  I am trying to provide taskpads to few admins to operate on few tasks delegated to them at OU level.I ran into the following problem; lets say i delegated access to the admin on OU X and which is ability to modify groups such as sample group X1 , he must be able to add any users from OU X to the group X1. The issue here is while testing i found out the admin can do the above but also can add a user Y1 from the OU Y(which he doesnt have delegated permissions) to the group X1.What am i missing? how to restrict admin from adding users out of OU to the groups he has modify access to? Please ask me if any more details/clarification required.

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• Granting access to authzTo attribute

  - by bemace

  I'm trying to grant certain accounts auth access to their authzTo attribute in order to allow proxied authorization. I tried adding this ldif: dn: olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config changetype: modify add: olcAccess olcAccess: {1}to authzTo by dn.children="ou=Special Accounts,dc=example,dc=com" auth - using the command ldapadd -f perm.ldif -D "cn=admin,cn=config" -W but got this error: modifying entry "olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config" ldap_modify: Other (e.g., implementation specific) error (80) additional info: <olcAccess> handler exited with 1 using verbose output and turning up the debug level haven't given me any more clues. Can anyone see what I'm doing wrong?

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• Network Block Device (NBD) clients for Windows or similar solutions

  - by przemoc

  Are there any NBD clients for Windows? Strangely, I cannot find any, or I am searching for them in a wrong way. Such client should be possibly a driver with front-end tool (may be a command-line one) allowing to create virtual drives and associate them with given hosts (or simply localhost) and ports where NBD servers are listening. From user perspective virtual drive should be close to what physical drive is, so it should be accessible as something like \\.\PhysicalDriveX (maybe \\.\VirtualDriveX?), be visible in Disk Management (diskmgmt.msc) and mountvol tools at least. (The only thing I found remotely close to NBD on Windows is ImDisk's proxy mode and companion tool devio, but AFAIK ImDisk only works at partition level (so no virtual drive) and devio uses different protocol.) Secondary question is: Are there any (preferably simple) Windows-specific solutions allowing creation of virtual drive delegating read/write request to user-space via some explicit way (like via TCP, IPC, DLL implementing given API, etc.)?

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• SSL certificates and whether a wildcard common name will support domain.com

  - by timpone

  Sorry, if this is very vendor specific but I purchased an inexpensive SSL Cert from GoDaddy. Right now everything on production is hosted off of www.domain.com. When specifying the common name would a wildcard (ie *.domain.com) cover the case of a lack of a third-level domain such as domain.com? Just to be sure, I made it for www.domain.com rather than a wildcard. If it matters, I will be using with nginx and a mod_passenger. If I want to cover everything including domain.com and staging.domain.com, www.domain.com etc, would a wildcard be the proper cert? Does the inexpensive godaddy cert (12.99 / year) cover wildcard certs (it didn't seem to for me)? Again, sorry for asking vendor specific questions and thx in advance. thx

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• What virtualization solution should I try next, after hitting problems w/ VMWare Player in dual-netw

  - by Alex R

  I have been using VMWare Player 2.5 for a while (Ubuntu guest on Vista host, 32-bit). VMWare had worked great until now but then I hit a brick wall: Due to some reorganization of my home network, the host machine now has to use a wireless connection to reach the Internet, while the printer, fileserver, and other important stuff are attached to a local gigabit hub. I have tried several tricks, such as editing the .vmx file, changing settings in vmnetcfg, etc, but I'm still unable to get the virtual Ubuntu box to connect each of the two virtual NICs to different networks (I did get it to recognize two NICs, but both DHCP'd onto the gigabit LAN). So, I'm ready to dump vmware for something with a little more low-level control of network settings. Virtualization is such a crowded space, I could spend months evaluating every product out there. I'm hoping for a shortcut... Can anyone recommend the best VM for my situation described above? Thanks

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• Client side certificates in client browsers with unix server for management

  - by user146253

  We are currently running Unix dedicated servers for everything (Web cluster, database, FTP, batch, ...) except for a Microsoft Active Directory Certificate Services. The sole purpose of this Windows box is to provide client side certificates to our clients browsers. All our clients are required to install a client side certificate on order for them to be able to access our website. Is there an alternative in the Unix space? The purpose is to make sure only the approved hardware of an approved client can access our website. I'm open for any solution that provides me with this level of security. We are however talking about thousands of certified computers just so you can factor that in in a proposed solution. Optionally we would also like to be able to revoke access. With Regards.

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• Which FTP Daemon should I use if I want to use MySQL for authentication?

  - by wag2639

  We want to set up a FTP Daemon on our Ubuntu 10.04 server that can use a simple (probably custom) built web interface for a FTP server using MySQL for authentication. It'll be public facing but only intended for use by a few customers or clients. I know vsftpd, ProFTPd, and Pure-FTPd but I'm not sure which is best for this application. Main features we would like: a. Very good MySQL authentication integration b. Able to specify a list folders/files (folder level is sufficient) each user has access to through MySQL Anything else would just be sprinkles on top.

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• Looking for Primos "name generation" code

  - by Greg E

  Anyone remember Primos ? It had a shell-level thing called "name generation" which was very useful. Eg. to rename a bunch of files from part1.suffix to part1.new.suffix2 you could say rename *.suffix =.+new.suffix2 That's a very simple example, it was quite powerful. The control characters were: =,==,^=,^==,+ Which meant approximately: match 1 filename component, match all remaining components, delete one component, delete all remaining, add a component. In conjunction with Primos wildcards you could do pretty much any useful file renaming/copying operation very conveniently. It was much better than Unix wildcards and name generation/iteration and I'd like to find it again and use it. Anyone seen it around ? Not much reference on the interweb: search "Primos name generation" and you get a few fragmentary hits. Thanks !

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• How is it possible to list all folders that a particular user/group has permissions on?

  - by Lord Torgamus

  Is it possible to list all folders/files that a given group has explicit permissions on, for a machine running Windows Server 2003? If so, how? It would be nice to see inherited permissions as well, but I could do with just explicit permissions. A little background: I'm trying to update groups/permissions on a test server. One of the groups, Devs, wasn't implemented correctly when it was created, and my goal is to remove it from the system. It has been replaced by LeadDevelopers, which has permissions on many — but naturally not all — of the same folders. I want to make sure that I don't accidentally orphan any folders or cause any other issues when I remove Devs. It did have some admin-level permissions.

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• Stop UAC/Secure Desktop from dimming the screen

  - by Florian

  I like the concepts of UAC and the "Secure Desktop" in Windows 7, but I don't like the dimming of the Secure Desktop to prompt for Admin credentials (or OK button to get clicked). However, dimming goes so far that my monitor regularly goes into PowerSaver mode, which is annoying (as it takes another 10 seconds for it to wake up), and might harm the monitor: two weeks after switching from XP to Windows 7, my 30" monitor stayed black and it had to get replaced. The web is full of tips how to turn off dimming, but that will always also turn off the "Secure Desktop". Is there a way to present the Secure Desktop without dimming? Or with a different visual effect to show that it is the Secure Desktop? EDIT: To clarify, I'm not looking for a way to disable dimming by disabling Secure Desktop (as is done by lowering the UAC level). I want to keep both UAC and Secure Desktop.

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• Is there a way to rsync in batches?

  - by Chris

  I have a huge chunk of data (11G) in a subversion repository that I'm using rsync to migrate to Alfresco, which lucene indexes new files as they hit the file system. I'm using a dav mount as a proxy to allow me to rsync. The issue I'm having is the indexing post-rsync is quite an expensive operation for such a huge chunk of data, so I was wondering whether there's a way I could logically separate the rsync into identically-sized batches (say 500MB each) so I could schedule them in cron. At the moment, I'm traversing the top level folders and taking the smallest ones across first, but once I'm done with those, the much larger sub-directories are going to be quite troublesome. Please let me know if you need any further info. Thanks in advance.

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