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• Domain model for an optional many-many relationship

  - by Greg

  Let's say I'm modeling phone numbers. I have one entity for PhoneNumber, and one for Person. There's a link table that expresses the link (if any) between the PhoneNumber and Person. The link table also has a field for DisplayOrder. When accessing my domain model, I have several Use Cases for viewing a Person. I can look at them without any PhoneNumber information. I can look at them for a specific PhoneNumber. I can look at them and all of their current (or past) PhoneNumbers. I'm trying to model Person, not only for the standard CRUD operations, but for the (un)assignment of PhoneNumbers to a Person. I'm having trouble expressing the relationship between the two, especially with respects to the DisplayOrder property. I can think of several solutions but I'm not sure of which (if any) would be best. A PhoneNumberPerson class that has a Person and PhoneNumber property (most closely resembles database design) A PhoneCarryingPerson class that inherits from Person and has a PhoneNumber property. A PhoneNumber and/or PhoneNumbers property on Person (and vis-a-versa, a Person property on PhoneNumber) What would be a good way to model this that makes sense from a domain model perspective? How do I avoid misplaced properties (DisplayOrder on Person) or conditionally populated properties?

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• distributing R package with optional S4 syntax sugar

  - by mariotomo

  I've written a small package for logging, I'm distributing it through r-forge, recently I received some very interesting feedback on how to make it easier to use, but this functionality is based on stuff (setRefClass) that was added to R in 2.12. I'd like to keep distributing the package also for R-2.9, so I'm looking for a way to include or exclude the S4 syntactical sugar automatically, and include it when the library is loaded on a R = 2.12 system. one other option I see, that is to write a small S4 package that needs 2.12, imports the simpler logging package and exports the syntactically sugared interface... I don't like it too much, as I'd need to choose a different name for the S4 package.

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• Can't unwrap Optional.None tableviewcell

  - by Mathew Padley

  I've a table view that has a custom table view cell in it. My problem is that when i try and assign a value to a variable in the custom table view cell I get the stated error. Now, I think its because the said variable is not initialised, but its got me completely stumped. This is the custom table cell: import Foundation import UIKit class LocationGeographyTableViewCell: UITableViewCell { //@IBOutlet var Map : MKMapView; @IBOutlet var AddressLine1 : UILabel; @IBOutlet var AddressLine2 : UILabel; @IBOutlet var County : UILabel; @IBOutlet var Postcode : UILabel; @IBOutlet var Telephone : UILabel; var location = VisitedLocation(); func Build(location:VisitedLocation) -> Void { self.location = location; AddressLine1.text = "test"; } } My cell for row at index path is: override func tableView(tableView: UITableView!, cellForRowAtIndexPath indexPath: NSIndexPath!) -> UITableViewCell! { var addressCell = tableView.dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier("ContactDetail") as? LocationGeographyTableViewCell; if !addressCell { addressCell = LocationGeographyTableViewCell(style: UITableViewCellStyle.Value1, reuseIdentifier: "ContactDetail"); } addressCell!.Build(Location); return addressCell; } As I say I'm completely baffled, the Build function calls the correct function in the tableviewcell. Any help will be gratefully appreciated. Ta

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• SQL Server JOIN with optional NULL values

  - by Paul McLoughlin

  Imagine that we have two tables as follows: Trades ( TradeRef INT NOT NULL, TradeStatus INT NOT NULL, Broker INT NOT NULL, Country VARCHAR(3) NOT NULL ) CTMBroker ( Broker INT NOT NULL, Country VARCHAR(3) NULL ) (These have been simplified for the purpose of this example). Now, if we wish to join these two tables on the Broker column, and if a country exists in the CTMBroker table on the Country, we have the following two choices: SELECT T.TradeRef,T.TradeStatus FROM Trades AS T JOIN CTMBroker AS B ON B.Broker=T.Broker AND ISNULL(B.Country, T.Country) = T.Country or SELECT T.TradeRef,T.TradeStatus FROM Trades AS T JOIN CTMBroker AS B ON B.Broker=T.Broker AND (B.COUNTRY=T.Country OR B.Country IS NULL) These are both logically equivalent, however in this specific circumstance for our database (SQL Server 2008, SP1) two different execution plans are produced for these two queries with the second version significantly outperforming the first version in terms of both time and logical reads. My question really is as follows: as a general rule would (2) be preferred to (1), or does this just happen to be exploiting some particular idiosyncracy of the optimiser in 2008 SP1 (that could therefore change with future versions of SQL Server).

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• Type hinting and optional attributes in PHP

  - by Álvaro G. Vicario

  I have a class method that deals with dates: public function setAvailability(DateTime $start, DateTime $end){ } Since item availability can have lower limit, upper limit, both or none, I'd like to make setAvailability() accept NULL values as well. However, the NULL constant violates the type hinting: $foo->setAvailability(NULL, $end); triggers: Catchable fatal error: Argument 1 passed to Foo::setAvailability() must be an instance of DateTime, null given And, as far as I know, I cannot have a DateTime instance with no value. (Can I?) For a reason I cannot grasp, this seems to work: public function setAvailability(DateTime $start=NULL, DateTime $end=NULL){ } ... $foo->setAvailability(NULL, $end); But it looks like a hack that works by pure chance. How would you deal with unset dates in PHP classes?

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• C# Regex: only letters followed by an optional .

  - by TheDude

  Hello, I am looking for a way to get words out of a sentence. I am pretty far with the following expression: \b([a-zA-Z]+?)\b but there are some occurrences that it counts a word when I want it not to. E.g a word followed by more than one period like "text..". So, in my regex I want to have the period to be at the end of a word zero or one time. Inserting .? did not do the trick, and variations on this have not yielded anything fruitful either. Hope someone can help!

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• Making fscanf Ignore Optional Parameter

  - by adi92

  I am using fscanf to read a file which has lines like Number <-whitespace- string <-whitespace- optional_3rd_column I wish to extract the number and string out of each column, but ignore the 3rd_column if it exists Example Data: 12 foo something 03 bar 24 something #randomcomment I would want to extract 12,foo; 03,bar; 24, something while ignoring "something" and "#randomcomment" I currently have something like while(scanf("%d %s %*s",&num,&word)>=2) { assign stuff } However this does not work with lines with no 3rd column. How can I make it ignore everything after the 2nd string?

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• Routing optional parameters with dashes in MVC

  - by Géza

  I've made an routing definition like this: routes.MapRoute("ProductSearch", "Search-{MainGroup}-{SubGroup}-{ItemType}", new { controller = "Product", action = "Search", MainGroup = "", SubGroup = "", ItemWebType = ""}); It is not working if the parameters are empty. Actually it resolves the url, so Url.Action method resolves the path "Search-12--" but the link is not working, so the GET of the page is not working With slashes it is working the Url.Action method makes "Search/12" "Search/{MainGroup}/{SubGroup}/{ItemType}" is it somehow possible to correct it?

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• Optional Navigation Controller

  - by Kevin Sylvestre

  I have an application containing a variety of view controllers linked together in different ways (Welcome Browse Preview OR Browse Preview OR Settings Splash). The first view controller is presented modally using a navigation controller from a main controller, then the next set of view controllers are added using pop and push. This works correctly, but I need to be able to define my 'UINavigationBar' and 'UIToolbar' within interface builder, so they still work as expected if they are presented without using a navigation controller. Is this possible? Currently I get this if I try:

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• is const (c++) optional?

  - by Dr Deo

  according to some tutorials i read a while back, the "const" declaration makes a variable "constant" ie it cannot change later. But i find this const declaration abit inconveniencing since the compiler sometimes gives errors like "cannot convert const int to int" or something like that. and i find myself cheating by removing it anyway. question: assuming that i am careful about not changing a variable in my source code, can i happily forget about this const stuff? Thanks in advance

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• How can I define a method with multiple optional arguments in Obj-C

  - by The Dark Bug Returns

  I want to be able to update two sets of identical buttons with one function. Also I don't want to update all the buttons, only some of them. Can I have a function like this?: -(void) updateFields{ updateButton1 : (Bool) x updateButton2 : (Bool) y updateButton3 : (Bool) z } The implementation will look like this: [button1_1 setEnabled:x]; [button1_2 setEnabled:x]; //called only if updateButton1 is given an argument [button2_1 setEnabled:y]; etc...

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• IIS no longer saving session variables

  - by John

  I'm running IIS v7 on a Win7 development machine. I have PHP code that saves session variables and calls them back later. This has been working on this machine for some time. For some reason now, the session variables dissapear immediatly after saving. Code that used to work fine on http://localhost/, suddenly now does not. I have tested different browsers - the vars dissapear regardless of browser. I have tested identical code on different servers. The problem exists only on this development machine. I tried some code that saves a session var, then reads it back and displays it, then shows a link to click on to read it back and display again. What happens is the session var DOES get written and read back and displayed ok. But when you click the link to view it again, it's gone. I don't recall making any changes to IIS. But I did run several malware scanners and clean-up tools. Is anyone aware of any setting in IIS that disallows session vars? Any other throughts?

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• environment variables generated by at command

  - by Jordan Arseno

  I'm inspecting /var/spool/cron/atjobs/a001cf01570e44 with cat, after running the at command from PHP using exec(). It looks like at has prepended the script with lots of APACHE environment variables. #!/bin/sh # atrun uid=33 gid=33 # mail www-data 0 umask 22 APACHE_RUN_DIR=/var/run/apache2; export APACHE_RUN_DIR APACHE_PID_FILE=/var/run/apache2.pid; export APACHE_PID_FILE PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin; export PATH APACHE_LOCK_DIR=/var/lock/apache2; export APACHE_LOCK_DIR LANG=C; export LANG APACHE_RUN_USER=www-data; export APACHE_RUN_USER APACHE_RUN_GROUP=www-data; export APACHE_RUN_GROUP APACHE_LOG_DIR=/var/log/apache2; export APACHE_LOG_DIR PWD=/home/jordanarseno/webroot/public_html/myapp; export PWD cd /home/jordanarseno/webroot/public\_html/myapp || { echo 'Execution directory inaccessible' >&2 exit 1 } curl -k http://localhost/myapp/crons/this_action/3 The last line is the only real command I sent along with at via stdin. What is the purpose of these variables? Where is this procedure stored?

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• Forcing programs to be installed to another drive

  - by zyboxenterprises

  I have an SSD as my main Windows drive, with a 640GB 2.5" HDD, partitioned to store programs and user settings, and also to act as backup (it's the only thing I had lying around at the time of building my PC). The task was to make the PC as fast as possible, while having an increased storage capacity available to store normal user data, and to assist in my small data recovery business. The problem is that whenever I install a program, it installs to C:\Program Files [(x86 for the 32 bit programs]\, although I have changed the environment variables. This wouldn't normally be an issue, however every installation program points its shortcut to my 640GB HDD. The root layout of both drives: To clarify: Program files get installed to C:\ Program shortcuts are always pointed to Z:\, my 640GB HDD Modifying the relevant environment variables doesn't do anything, I looked at this, but however it only talks about modifying the registry and environment variables, which I have already done so. I install to the Z:\ drive if the installation program lets me change the installation path, but however the installation programs sometimes don't let me change this. Is there a way that I can force every program to install to the relevant location on Z:\? Perhaps I'm missing something here? Edit: Found this program; would it be appropriate to use in my case? I would be able to move the entire Program Files (and its x86 version) to Z:\, without impacting on the performance.

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• TEMP environment variable occasionally set incorrectly

  - by Roger Lipscombe

  Occasionally, I find my TEMP and TMP environment variables set to C:\Windows\TEMP. They should be set to %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp, and are configured correctly in System Properties. This manifests itself as error messages like the following: ---> System.InvalidOperationException: Unable to generate a temporary class (result=1). error CS2001: Source file 'C:\Windows\TEMP\gb_pz65v.0.cs' could not be found error CS2008: No inputs specified ...which occurs in various .NET applications (in particular Visual Studio 2010 or SQL Server Management Studio). Alternatively, SQL Server Management Studio will report: Value cannot be null. Parameter name: viewInfo (Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.SqlStudio.Explorer) If I run PowerShell elevated, then $env:TEMP is set correctly. If I run PowerShell non-elevated, then it's not. I believe that it should be set correctly in both cases. If not, it's the wrong way round. The same is true for CMD.EXE. Rebooting fixes it, temporarily, until something breaks it again. Presumably something loaded into Explorer.exe is messing with its environment variables, but what? The values in the registry are correct, even while this is happening: HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment has TEMP = %SYSTEMROOT%\Temp HKCU\Environment has TEMP = %USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\Temp By setting a breakpoint on shell32!RegenerateUserEnvironment, I'm able to trap it when it happens, but I still don't know why explorer.exe is reading the wrong environment variables. I can reproduce it consistently by broadcasting a WM_SETTINGCHANGE message (I wrote a one-line C++ program to do this). Watching the activity in Process Monitor shows that explorer.exe doesn't even look at HKCU\Environment. What is going on?

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• how to set environment variable in eric IDE

  - by ng0323

  I have no problem running a python script from the terminal, but in eric IDE, I am getting this error: ImportError libcudart.so.6.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory Perhaps it's an enviroment variable that needs to be set. In eric, when I run script, I filled in the environment option as follows. I tried set PATH = usr/local/cuda-6.0/bin or PATH = /usr/local/cuda-6.0/bin or just /usr/local/cuda-6.0/bin and they all didn't work.

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• Why doesn't apache2 respect my envvars file?

  - by Avery Chan

  My envvar files has these lines in it: export APACHE_RUN_USER=www-data export APACHE_RUN_GROUP=www-data My apache2.conf has these lines in it: # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} But when I run apache2 -M I get this: apache2: bad user name ${APACHE_RUN_USER} A temporary fix is to hard-code www-data into it my apache2.conf file. There was some speculation here that this was because some configuration script didn't replace the env vars correctly in my apache2.conf file. Regardless how do I get apache2 to consult my envvars file? As another data point this site seems to indicate the envvars is generated at build, but read by apache2ctl at runtime, suggesting that this file isn't just poop leftover by the build process.

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• The annoyed configuration of java-6-openjdk

  - by kit.yang

  I want to change the java environment to java-6-openjdk. /etc/environment: PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games" JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/ CLASSPATH=.:$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib java -version: java version "1.6.0_20" OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea6 1.9.5) (6b20-1.9.5-0ubuntu1~10.04.1) OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 19.0-b09, mixed mode) javac -version:javac 1.6.0_20 But in the shell: the echo $JAVA_HOME result is /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.22 while the $CLASSPATH is /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.22/lib. How to find the other files in which $JAVA_HOME & $CLASSPATH value is setted by the java-6-sun-1.6.0.22 location?

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• Why is sudo bash different from regular bash

  - by cyberjar09

  Problem description : I am using something called play framework in my development which requires me to make the python script play available in the path. Hence I create a symbolic link in /usr/local/bin ... Now I have written a shell script (call it status.sh) which calls this python script as follows : play status <some values here related to my app> &> /tmp/xyz.txt and this shell script then sends me the file via email. This works perfectly when I execute the script as follows ./script.sh. However when the script is executed as a cron expression everyday I get an output from stderr saying 'play: command not found'. Hence I did some digging on my own and here are my findings : echo $PATH when I am on the shell shows that I have /usr/local/bin available to me hence I can successfully execute the command play status however when I type in sudo bash and then echo $PATH I do not have the path /usr/local/bin anymore. It is a limited set of folders (one of them being /usr/bin). Q : Why this behavior ?! I fail to understand why the path is different. Also as a workaround would you suggest I do : new symbolic link from /usr/bin to /usr/local/bin (what are the side effects of this?) remove /usr/local/bin sym link altogether and only use /usr/bin is there a convention that I am not following here for linking new programs and executing them from $PATH ? Thanks.

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• Is my JS/Jquery methodology good?

  - by absentx

  I always struggle with which of the stack sites is best to post "questions of theory" like this, but I think programmers is the best, if not, as usual a mod will move it etc... I am seeking critique on what has become my normal methodology of writing javascript. I have become heavily reliant on the Jquery library, but I think this has helped me learn the native language better also. Anyways, please critique the following style of JS coding...buried are a lot of questions of scope, if you could point out the strengths and weaknesses of this style I would appreciate it. var critique ={ start: function(){ globalness = 'GLOBAL-GLOBAL'; //available to all critique's methods var notglobalness = 'LOCAL-LOCAL';// only available to critiques start method //am I using the "method" teminology properly here?? $('#stuff').on('click','a.closer-target',function(){ $target = $(this); if($target.hasClass('active')){ $target.removeClass('active'); } else{ $target.addClass('active'); critique.madness($target); } }) console.log(notglobalness+': at least I am useful at home'); console.log('note here that: '+notglobalness+' is no longer available after this point, lets continue on:'); critique.madness(notglobalness); }, madness: function($e){ // do a bunch of awesomeness with $e //but continue to keep it seperate because you think its best to keep things isolated. //send to the next function when complete here console.log('here is globalness, which is still available from the start method of critique!! ' + globalness); console.log('lets see if the globalness carries on to a new var object!!'); console.log('the locally isolated variable of NOTGLOBALNESS is available here because it was passed to this method, lets show it:'+$e); carryOn.start(); } } //end critique var carryOn={ start: function(){ console.log('any chance critique.globalness will work here??? lets see: ' +globalness); console.log('it absolutely does'); } } $(document).ready(critique.start);

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• Correct place to set $BIBINPUTS environment variable

  - by student

  If I set the $BIBINPUTS environment varibale in my .zshrc, it is recognized by emacs-reftex (via emacsclient), if I start emacs from my zsh commandline. However if I start using the menubar or gmrun it doesn't knot this variable. So where is the correct place to set for the whole user environment? If there are several alternatives, let me know. Also if it changed between differend ubuntu-versions. Edit: I have tried to set it in ~/.pam_environment like BSTINPUTS=.:/home/myuser/BiBTeX/:$BSTINPUTS BIBINPUTS=.:/home/myuser/BiBTeX/:$BIBINPUTS but it seems to have no effect (even after rebooting) and is not listed via printenv. I am currently using ubuntu natty + gdm + xmonad.

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• Handling extremely large numbers in a language which can't?

  - by Mallow

  I'm trying to think about how I would go about doing calculations on extremely large numbers (to infinitum - intergers no floats) if the language construct is incapable of handling numbers larger than a certain value. I am sure I am not the first nor the last to ask this question but the search terms I am using aren't giving me an algorithm to handle those situations. Rather most suggestions offer a language change or variable change, or talk about things that seem irrelevant to my search. So I need a little guideance. I would sketch out an algorithm like this: Determine the max length of the integer variable for the language. If a number is more than half the length of the max length of the variable split it in an array. (give a little play room) Array order [0] = the numbers most to the right [n-max] = numbers most to the left Ex. Num: 29392023 Array[0]:23, Array[1]: 20, array[2]: 39, array[3]:29 Since I established half the length of the variable as the mark off point I can then calculate the ones, tenths, hundredths, etc. Place via the halfway mark so that if a variable max length was 10 digits from 0 to 9999999999 then I know that by halfing that to five digits give me some play room. So if I add or multiply I can have a variable checker function that see that the sixth digit (from the right) of array[0] is the same place as the first digit (from the right) of array[1]. Dividing and subtracting have their own issues which I haven't thought about yet. I would like to know about the best implementations of supporting larger numbers than the program can.

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• PATH command not found

  - by joslinm

  Hi, I'm not experienced with PATH (Any good reference would be appreciated), but I made a mistake and did PATH=/google_appengine, which I'm assuming completely overrid PATH. Still, I restarted bash and echo'd PATH and found that the folders were back. mark@mark-laptop:~$ echo $PATH /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games However, when I then tried to append to it, I got an error that PATH wasn't found. I've looked around Google and couldn't find a good answer. Any help would be appreciated mark@mark-laptop:~$ PATH = $PATH:/google_appengine PATH: command not found

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• Intentional misspellings to avoid reserved words

  - by Renesis

  I often see code that include intentional misspellings of common words that for better or worse have become reserved words: klass or clazz for class: Class clazz = ThisClass.class kount for count in SQL: count(*) AS kount Personally I find this decreases readability. In my own practice I haven't found too many cases where a better name couldn't have been used — itemClass or recordTotal. However, it's so common that I can't help but wonder if I'm the only one? Anyone have any advice or even better, quoted recommendations from well-respected programmers on this practice?

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• "Pointers" with $ Syntax in /etc/environment

  - by Tyson Trautmann

  Is it valid to have "pointers" in /etc/environment using $FOO syntax? Right now my /etc/environment looks like this: JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk MAVEN_HOME=/usr/bin/apache-maven/apache-maven-3.0.4 M2_HOME=$MAVEN_HOME M2=$MAVEN_HOME/bin PATH=/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin I'm not getting the results that I'm expecting though: ~$ echo $JAVA_HOME /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk ~$ echo $MAVEN_HOME /usr/bin/apache-maven/apache-maven-3.0.4 ~$ echo $PATH /usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin/bin:/usr/games:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin

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