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• Should I use "id" or "unique username"?

  - by roa3

  I am using PHP, AS3 and mysql. I have a website. A flash(as3) website. The flash website store the members' information in mysql database through php. In "members" table, i have "id" as the primary key and "username" as a unique field. Now my situation is: When flash want to display a member's profile. My questions: Should Flash pass the member "ID" or "username" to php to process the mysql query? Is there any different passing the "id" or "username"? Which one is more secure? Which one you recommend? I would like to optimize my website in terms of security and performance.

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• Function keys require Fn modifer. How can I make them default?

  - by RickMeasham

  On my Dell Studio 15, the function keys, by default, do things like switch the radio on/off or change the brightness or sound. To use them as function keys I have to hold down the Fn modifier. I use function keys as function keys a lot more often than I want to change the volume or brightness. Am I missing an obvious setting somewhere in the control panel (Vista Uber Extreme Something)?

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• Wrong keymap in games under OSX

  - by Lo'oris

  While it's somewhat related to gaming, I believe this kind of question definitely belongs here. On most games, I have a very weird problem related to keymap: they apparently load a wrong map, i.e. a legacy one that has not been used since 68k AFAIK, that is a QZERTY, with M to the right of the L. I can't understand why this happens, I guess they use a bugged library for getting keyboard input, I'm not sure. While I can actually bind the keys using this map, sometimes it prevents me from binding some, such as the numbers. A very odd workaround happens with Urban Terror: if I enable and disable fullscreen, it reverts to the correct keymap (didn't try this on other games, such as Aquaria). It may or may not be useful to know that I use a custom keymap but even if I select the standard keymap before starting the game the problem happens anyway.

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• What is an SSH key?

  - by acidzombie24

  I signed up for github and notice the ssh key option which looked interesting. I originally expected something like an ssl key (name, co name, etc). After going through it i notice i only put a password and it is always myuser@comp-name (this is windows). Why? I thought it was a user/pass id and i can create separate keys for separate purpose for privacy reasons. Now i see i am required to use one to create a repository. Also i see something about a 'private key file' when looking at options. What exactly is an SSH Key and how can i create a separate user without creating a separate login in windows.

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• "Half" ssh authorization to a server with git repository

  - by hsz

  Hello ! Currently I have purchased web hosting with ssh access. I have created a git repository on it and if I set my public key in ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file, I have access to that repo, I can push/pull data, etc. This solution allows access for every user that has his public key in authorized_keys file. But there is one thing that I want to avoid. Every user can login to the server too and has access to whole ssh account. Is it possible to create a blacklist of users' keys that will not have an access to ssh ? I see it that way: user logs in to a git - ok, allow for every one user logs in to ssh account ~/.profile file is hooked and called a custom script: check user's public key if public key is in ~/.ssh/blacklist_keys call bash exit/logout Is it possible in any way ?

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• ubuntu 12.10/linux mint 14 ssh-copy-id doesn't work and returns Ambiguous output redirect

  - by Marc

  I recently got a new computer and I'm trying to use ssh-copy-id to put my keys on another server so I can login without password. but when I try ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@server and after inputting the correct password it returns Ambiguous output redirect. There are no other messages after that. I thought it was maybe just Ubuntu 12.10 so I installed Linux Mint 14 and sure enough exact same thing happens. I've tried removing authorized_keys from the remote server but that didn't change anything.

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• Speedup of fixing an openssl bug with 8192 bit key [on hold]

  - by rubo77

  This is related to this Bug-Report https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=747453 OpenSSL contains a set of arbitrary limitations on the size of accepted key parameters that make unrelated software fail to establish secure connections. The problem was found while debugging a XMPP s2s connection issue where two servers with long certificate keys (8192 Bit RSA) failed to establish a secure connection because OpenSSL rejected the handshake. This seems to be a small problem to be fixed but although there is an easy patch available to fix the issue in that bug report, no reactions are noticed so far.. The last patch that broke the 2048 barrier took 2 years to be implemented and only resulted in an increase to 4096bit, which seems to be a bad joke. Where would we have to report this to speed up the implementation for such an issue?

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• DB Designer creates compound primary key

  - by Jon Winstanley

  When adding relationships to a database model in DB Designer 4, a composite primary key is being created every time. So every foreign key I add, I get an extra key added to a composite primary key. I think I must have changed a setting as I don't remember it doing this in the past. Does anyone know how to turn off this feature as I prefer to use a single surrogate primary keys in my database tables?

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• How to get "Fn" keys to work (Asus 4830T)? (specificly, the "suspend" key)

  - by Pointy

  I've got an Asus 4830T onto which I've just re-installed 12.04 because I installed an SSD. I was running 12.04 before too, which had been upgraded over a few releases. At some point on that old install, I had gotten all the "Fn" keys to work, or at least all the ones I cared about. (Oh except I think the screen brightness keys never worked.) I have no recollection of what I did. Anyway now things are fine, and some of the Fn keys work: the one to turn of the trackpad and the one to turn off wireless (grr I hate that one). However, the "suspend" key for some reason does not work. Now the system will suspend and resume just fine, but I'm having to do it from the menu. Is there an easy (or hard) way to make those work? I'm running straight Ubuntu but with Xfce installed as my normal desktop. (In other words, it's not Xubuntu, though I doubt it matters.) I recall at some point having found some arcane mapping mechanism to bind the Fn keys to actions, but I can't find it now. (I'm perfectly OK with editing weird files; I'm a long-time Unix user.) (Very long-time.)

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• multiple keys and values with google-collections

  - by flash3000

  Hello, I would like use google-collection in order to save the following file in a Hash with multiple keys and values Key1_1, Key2_1, Key3_1, data1_1, 0, 0 Key1_2, Key2_2, Key3_2, data1_2, 0, 0 Key1_3, Key2_3, Key3_3, data1_3, 0, 0 Key1_4, Key2_4, Key3_4, data1_4, 0, 0 The first three columns are the different keys and the last two integer are the two different values. I have already prepare a code which spilt the lines in chunks. import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; public class HashMapKey { public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException { String inputFile = "inputData.txt"; BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(inputFile)); String strLine; while ((strLine = br.readLine()) != null) { String[] line = strLine.replaceAll(" ", "").trim().split(","); for (int i = 0; i < line.length; i++) { System.out.print("[" + line[i] + "]"); } System.out.println(); } } } Unfortunately, I do not know how to save these information in google-collection? Thank you in advance. Best regards,

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• Mapping composite foreign keys in a many-many relationship in Entity Framework

  - by Kirk Broadhurst

  I have a Page table and a View table. There is a many-many relationship between these two via a PageView table. Unfortunately all of these tables need to have composite keys (for business reasons). Page has a primary key of (PageCode, Version), View has a primary key of (ViewCode, Version). PageView obviously enough has PageCode, ViewCode, and Version. The FK to Page is (PageCode, Version) and the FK to View is (ViewCode, Version) Makes sense and works, but when I try to map this in Entity framework I get Error 3021: Problem in mapping fragments...: Each of the following columns in table PageView is mapped to multiple conceptual side properties: PageView.Version is mapped to (PageView_Association.View.Version, PageView_Association.Page.Version) So clearly enough, EF is having a complain about the Version column being a common component of the two foreign keys. Obviously I could create a PageVersion and ViewVersion column in the join table, but that kind of defeats the point of the constraint, i.e. the Page and View must have the same Version value. Has anyone encountered this, and is there anything I can do get around it? Thanks!

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• NSMutableDictionary with UIButton* as keys - iPhone development

  - by Alejandro A.

  Hi, I'm new to iPhone development and I have a question that may have a very simple answer. I am trying to add buttons to a view and these buttons are associated with a custom class that I defined. When I add the buttons to the view, I would like to know what class these buttons correspond to. This is because when I press the button, I need to get some information about the class, but the receiver of the message is another class. I couldn't find information about an error that I'm getting on the web. The problem I have is that I'm trying to create an NSMutableDictionary where the keys are of type UIButton* and the values are of my custom type: // create button for unit UIButton* unitButton = [[UIButton alloc] init]; [sourceButtonMap setObject:composite forKey:unitButton]; Of course, the sourceButtonMap is defined in the class and initialized in the init function as sourceButtonMap = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; The error I get when I try to add the key-value pair is: *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '*** -[UIButton copyWithZone:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x3931e90' Is this happening because I can't store UIButton* as keys? Can anyone point me why I'm getting this error? Thank you all, aa

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• NULL-keys for key/value table

  - by user72185

  (Using Oracle) I have a table with key/value pairs like this: create table MESSAGE_INDEX ( KEY VARCHAR2(256) not null, VALUE VARCHAR2(4000) not null, MESSAGE_ID NUMBER not null ) I now want to find all the messages where key = 'someKey' and value is 'val1', 'val2' or 'val3' - OR value is null in which case there will be no entry in the table at all. This is to save space; there would be a large number of keys with null values if I stored them all. I think this works: SELECT message_id FROM message_index idx WHERE ((key = 'someKey' AND value IN ('val1', 'val2', 'val3')) OR NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM message_index WHERE key = 'someKey' AND idx.message_id = message_id)) But is is extremely slow. Takes 8 seconds with 700K records in message_index and there will be many more records and more search criteria when moving outside of my test environment. Primary key is key, value, message_id: add constraint PK_KEY_VALUE primary key (KEY, VALUE, MESSAGE_ID) And I added another index for message_id, to speed up searching for missing keys: create index IDX_MESSAGE_ID on MESSAGE_INDEX (MESSAGE_ID) I will be doing several of these key/value lookups in every search, not just one as shown above. So far I am doing them nested, where output id's of one level is the input to the next. E.g.: SELECT message_id from message_index WHERE (key/value compare) AND message_id IN ( SELECT ... and so on ) What can I do to speed this up?

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• How to disable selective keys on the keyboard?

  - by Vilx-

  I'd like to write an application which disables certain keys on the keyboard while it's working. More specifically I'm interested in keys that might make the application loose focus (like ALT+TAB, WinKey, Ctrl+Shift+Esc, etc.) The need for this is has to do with babies/animals bashing wildly at the keyboard. :) My first idea was to use SetWindowsHookEx, however I ran into a problem. Since I need a global hook, the procedure would have to reside in a .DLL which would get injected in all active applications. But a .DLL can be either 64-bit or 32-bit, not both. And on a 64-bit system there are both types of applications. I guess then that I must write two copies of the hook .DLL - one for 32-bit and the other for 64-bit. And then I'd also have to launch two copies of the application as well, because the application first has to load the DLL itself before it can pass it on to SetWindowsHookEx(). Sounds pretty clumsy and awkward. Is there perhaps a better way? Or maybe I've misunderstood something?

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• How do people handle foreign keys on clients when synchronizing to master db

  - by excsm

  Hi, I'm writing an application with offline support. i.e. browser/mobile clients sync commands to the master db every so often. I'm using uuid's on both client and server-side. When synching up to the server, the servre will return a map of local uuids (luid) to server uuids (suid). Upon receiving this map, clients updated their records suid attributes with the appropriate values. However, say a client record, e.g. a todo, has an attribute 'list_id' which holds the foreign key to the todos' list record. I use luids in foreign_keys on clients. However, when that attribute is sent over to the server, it would dirty the server db with luids rather than the suid the server is using. My current solution, is for the master server to keep a record of the mappings of luids to suids (per client id) and for each foreign key in a command, look up the suid for that particular client and use the suid instead. I'm wondering wether others have come across thus problem and if so how they have solved it? Is there a more efficient, simpler way? I took a look at this question "Synchronizing one or more databases with a master database - Foreign keys (5)" and someone seemed to suggest my current solution as one option, composite keys using suids and autoincrementing sequences and another option using -ve ids for client ids and then updating all negative ids with the suids. Both of these other options seem like a lot more work. Thanks, Saimon

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• Speed of QHash lookups using QStrings as keys.

  - by Ryan R.

  I need to draw a dynamic overlay on a QImage. The component parts of the overlay are defined in XML and parsed out to a QHash<QString, QPicture> where the QString is the name (such as "crosshairs") and the QPicture is the resolution independent drawing. I then draw components of the overlay as they are needed at a position determined during runtime. Example: I have 10 pictures in my QHash composing every possible element in a HUD. During a particular frame of video I need to draw 6 of them at different positions on the image. During the next frame something has changed and now I only need to draw 4 of them but 2 of those positions have changed. Now to my question: If I am trying to do this quickly, should I redefine my QHash as QHash<int, QPicture> and enumerate the keys to counteract the overhead caused by string comparisons; or are the comparisons not going to make a very big impact on performance? I can easily make the conversion to integer keys as the XML parser and overlay composer are completely separate classes; but I would like to use a consistent data structure across the application. Should I overcome my desire for consistency and re-usability in order to increase performance? Will it even matter very much if I do?

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• How to map keys in vim differently for different kinds of buffers

  - by Yogesh Arora

  The problem i am facing is that i have mapped some keys and mouse events for seraching in vim while editing a file. But those mappings impact the functionality if the quickfix buffer. I was wondering if it is possible to map keys depending on the buffer in which they are used. EDIT - I am adding more info for this question Let us consider a scenario. I want to map <C-F4> to close a buffer/window. Now this behavior could depend on a number of things. If i am editing a buffer it should just close that buffer without changing the layout of the windows. I am using buffkil plugin for this. It does not depend on extension of file but on the type of buffer. I saw in vim documentation that there are unlisted and listed buffer. So if it is listed buffer it should close using bufkill commands. If it is not a listed buffer it should use <c-w>c command to close buffer and changing the window layout. I am new at writing vim functions/scripts, can someone help me getting started on this

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• List of values as keys for a Map

  - by thr

  I have lists of variable length where each item can be one of four unique, that I need to use as keys for another object in a map. Assume that each value can be either 0, 1, 2 or 3 (it's not integer in my real code, but a lot easier to explain this way) so a few examples of key lists could be: [1, 0, 2, 3] [3, 2, 1] [1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 3] [2, 3, 1, 1, 2] [1, 2] So, to re-iterate: each item in the list can be either 0, 1, 2 or 3 and there can be any number of items in a list. My first approach was to try to hash the contents of the array, using the built in GetHashCode() in .NET to combine the hash of each element. But since this would return an int I would have to deal with collisions manually (two equal int values are identical to a Dictionary). So my second approach was to use a quad tree, breaking down each item in the list into a Node that has four pointers (one for each possible value) to the next four possible values (with the root node representing [], an empty list), inserting [1, 0, 2] => Foo, [1, 3] => Bar and [1, 0] => Baz into this tree would look like this: Grey nodes nodes being unused pointers/nodes. Though I worry about the performance of this setup, but there will be no need to deal with hash collisions and the tree won't become to deep (there will mostly be lists with 2-6 items stored, rarely over 6). Is there some other magic way to store items with lists of values as keys that I have missed?

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• Foreign key not working in MySQL: Why can I INSERT a value that's not in the foreign column?

  - by stalepretzel

  I've created a table in MySQL: CREATE TABLE actions ( A_id int NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, type ENUM('rate','report','submit','edit','delete') NOT NULL, Q_id int NOT NULL, U_id int NOT NULL, date DATE NOT NULL, time TIME NOT NULL, rate tinyint(1), PRIMARY KEY (A_id), CONSTRAINT fk_Question FOREIGN KEY (Q_id) REFERENCES questions(P_id), CONSTRAINT fk_User FOREIGN KEY (U_id) REFERENCES users(P_id)); This created the table I wanted just fine (although a "DESCRIBE actions;" command showed me that the foreign keys were keys of type MUL, and I'm not sure what this means). However, when I try to enter a Q_id or a U_id that does not exist in the questions or users tables, MySQL still allows these values. What did I do wrong? How can I prevent a table with a foreign key from accepting invalid data? If I add TYPE=InnoDB to the end, I get an error: ERROR 1005 (HY000): Can't create table './quotes/actions.frm' (errno: 150) Why might that happen? I'm told that it's important to enforce data integrity with functional foreign keys, but also that InnoDB should not be used with MySQL. What do you recommend?

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• Can I use foreign key restrictions to return meaningful UI errors with PHP

  - by Shane

  I want to start by saying that I am a big fan of using foreign keys and have a tendency to use them even on small projects to keep my database from being filled with orphaned data. On larger projects I end up with gobs of keys which end up covering upwards of 8 - 10 layers of data. I want to know if anyone could suggest a graceful way of handling 'expected errors' from the MySQL database in a way that I can construct meaningful messages for the end user. I will explain 'expected errors' with an example. Lets say I have a set of tables used for basic discussions: discussion questions responses users Hierarchically they would probably look something like this: -users --discussion ---questions ----responses When I attempt to delete a user the FKs will check discussions and if any discussion exist the deletion is restricted, deleting discussion checks questions, deleting questions checks responses. An 'expected error' in this case would be attempting to delete a user--unless they are newly created I can anticipate that one or more foreign keys will fail causing an error. What I WANT to do is to catch that error on deletion and be able to tell the end user something like 'We're sorry, but all discussions must be removed before you can delete this user...'. Now I know I can keep and maintain matching arrays in PHP and map specific errors to messages but that is messy and prone to becoming stagnant, or I could manually run a set of selects prior to attempting the deletion, but then I am doing just as much work as without using FKs. Any help here would be greatly appreciated, or if I am just looking at this completely wrong then please let me know. On a side note I generally use CodeIgniter for my application development, so if that would open up an avenue through that framework please consider that in your answers. Thanks in Advance

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• How to swap the "fn" use of Function keys on al Apple Keyboard in Linux

  - by jfmessier

  I have an apple slim keyboard (USB) and if I want to use one of the Function Key as-is, I also have to press "fn " key first. Otherwise, it will try to perform the other function of the key, such as increasing or decreasing the display intensity, change the volume/mute, etc.... As well, the fn key is actually in the position of the "insert" key for regular keyboards. How can I fix all of that ? I really like this keyboard, as it make my typing much easier, and much more silent too. But some of those mappings that are different sometime bug me. Thanks :-)

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• Custom Shortcut Keys on Ubuntu 9.10?

  - by Dexter

  Is there anyway I can change a shortcut key that an application has under one of it's menus in Ubuntu. For example I'm running PyCrust and want it to clear the window when I press Ctrl+L.

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• sftp and public keys

  - by Lizard

  I am trying to sftp into an a server hosted by someone else. To make sure this worked I did the standard sftp [email protected] i was promted with the password and that worked fine. I am setting up a cron script to send a file once a week so have given them our public key which they claim to have added to their authorized_keys file. I now try sftp [email protected] again and I am still prompted for a password, but now the password doesn't work... Connecting to [email protected]... [email protected]'s password: Permission denied, please try again. [email protected]'s password: Permission denied, please try again. [email protected]'s password: Permission denied (publickey,password). Couldn't read packet: Connection reset by peer I did notice however that if I simply pressed enter (no password) it logged me in fine... So here are my questions: Is there a way to check what privatekey/pulbickey pair my sftp connection is using? Is it possible to specify what key pair to use? If all is setup correctly (using correct key pair and added to authorized files) why am I being asked to enter a blank password? Thanks for your help in advance! UPDATE I have just run sftp -vvv [email protected] .... debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey,password debug3: preferred gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering public key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 277 debug2: input_userauth_pk_ok: SHA1 fp 45:1b:e7:b6:33:41:1c:bb:0f:e3:c1:0f:1b:b0:d5:e4:28:a3:3f:0e debug3: sign_and_send_pubkey debug1: read PEM private key done: type RSA debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa debug3: no such identity: /root/.ssh/id_dsa debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug3: authmethod_lookup password debug3: remaining preferred: ,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled password debug1: Next authentication method: password It seems to suggest that it tries to use the public key... What am I missing?

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• Setup Domain Keys / DKIM on Exchange 2003

  - by Campo

  I need some suggestions for setting up DKIM on my exchange server 2003. We already use SPF but I feel a lot of email providers use this DKIM method. I would like to utilize both systems. This site was the best I could find with step by step instructions. If anyone could get more detailed that would be excellent. Let me know if you need more info.

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• Passwords and Keys in Linux

  - by PeanutsMonkey

  In a fit of desperation when I had my wireless connection die on me, I thought it was a problem with the key I had created at the start when I initially configured the wireless connection and hence deleted it. The option to create the key had presented itself when I created the wireless connection. It no longer asks me to. Now I am back online, do I have re-create the password and key I had before? If so, what do I choose and why? The options I have are as follows; PGP Stored password Password keyring Secure shell key The first and last option seem to be obvious and I have no idea about the differences between the second and third options. Why do I need a stored password or password keyring in all scenarios and not just the wireless issue I ran into? EDIT 0 Further to Belisama's comment, I have amended my question. EDIT 1 As requested, I have attached a screenshot

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