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• Squid Proxy: url_regex acl is not working?

  - by bharathi

  I am using squid proxy 3.1 in ubuntu machine. I want to allow only urls matching our pattern through our proxy server. I configured acl like below. Acl for dstdomain is working fine. If i access any url besides .zmedia.com , I got proxy connection refused. But the url_regex is not working. What i am trying here is. Allow only request from ".zmedia.com" domain and the request url should be in "/blog" context. # # Recommended minimum configuration: # acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 ::1 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 ::1 acl urlwhitelist url_regex -i ^http(s)://([a-zA-Z]+).zmedia.com/blog/.*$ acl allowdomain dstdomain .zmedia.com acl Safe_ports port 80 8080 8500 7272 # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing # should be allowed acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http acl SSL_ports port 7272 # multiling http acl CONNECT method CONNECT # # Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration: # # Only allow cachemgr access from localhost http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager http_access deny !allowdomain http_access allow urlwhitelist http_access allow CONNECT SSL_ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # Deny requests to certain unsafe ports http_access deny !Safe_ports # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent # web applications running on the proxy server who think the only # one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user #http_access deny to_localhost # # INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS # # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks # from where browsing should be allowed http_access allow localhost # And finally deny all other access to this proxy http_access deny all # Squid normally listens to port 3128 http_port 3128 # We recommend you to use at least the following line. hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? # Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory. #cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 100 16 256 # Leave coredumps in the first cache dir coredump_dir /var/spool/squid append_domain .zmedia.com # Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these. refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080 refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440 refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0 0% 0 refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320 Please correct me , If i did anything wrong?

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• Apache and MySQL taking all the memory? Maximum connections?

  - by lpfavreau

  I've a had one of our servers going down (network wise) but keeping its uptime (so looks the server is not losing its power) recently. I've asked my hosting company to investigate and I've been told, after investigation, that Apache and MySQL were at all time using 80% of the memory and peaking at 95% and that I might be needing to add some more RAM to the server. One of their justifications to adding more RAM was that I was using the default max connections setting (125 for MySQL and 150 for Apache) and that for handling those 150 simultaneous connections, I would need at least 3Gb of memory instead of the 1Gb I have at the moment. Now, I understand that tweaking the max connections might be better than me leaving the default setting although I didn't feel it was a concern at the moment, having had servers with the same configuration handle more traffic than the current 1 or 2 visitors before the lunch, telling myself I'd tweak it depending on the visits pattern later. I've also always known Apache was more memory hungry under default settings than its competitor such as nginx and lighttpd. Nonetheless, looking at the stats of my machine, I'm trying to see how my hosting company got those numbers. I'm getting: # free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 1000 944 56 0 148 725 -/+ buffers/cache: 71 929 Swap: 1953 0 1953 Which I guess means that yes, the server is reserving around 95% of its memory at the moment but I also thought it meant that only 71 out of the 1000 total were really used by the applications at the moment looking a the buffers/cache row. Also I don't see any swapping: # vmstat 60 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 0 0 0 57612 151704 742596 0 0 1 1 3 11 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 57604 151704 742596 0 0 0 1 1 24 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 57604 151704 742596 0 0 0 2 1 18 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 57604 151704 742596 0 0 0 0 1 13 0 0 100 0 And finally, while requesting a page: top - 08:33:19 up 3 days, 13:11, 2 users, load average: 0.06, 0.02, 0.00 Tasks: 81 total, 1 running, 80 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 1.3%us, 0.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 98.3%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 1024616k total, 976744k used, 47872k free, 151716k buffers Swap: 2000052k total, 0k used, 2000052k free, 742596k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 24914 www-data 20 0 26296 8640 3724 S 2 0.8 0:00.06 apache2 23785 mysql 20 0 125m 18m 5268 S 1 1.9 0:04.54 mysqld 24491 www-data 20 0 25828 7488 3180 S 1 0.7 0:00.02 apache2 1 root 20 0 2844 1688 544 S 0 0.2 0:01.30 init ... So, I'd like to know, experts of serverfault: Do I really need more RAM at the moment? How do they calculate that for 150 simultaneous connections I'd need 3Gb? Thanks for your help!

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• Intermittent Disconnection of Client Computers from Domain Server

  - by dilip nagle

  The Background: I have Windows 2008 server Enterprise Version with 25 user cal licences. It has a domain and all users and a network shared HP printer in it. The Server has two network cards and both these cards as well as all client machines are on IP addressing scheme of 192.168.1.* with subnetmask 255.255.255.0. Of the two network cards viz. 192.168.1.231 and 192.168.1.233, only 192.168.1.231 is registered with DNS. In 192.168.1.233(i.e. 2nd network card) has default getway as 192.168.1.231 and dns address as 192.168.1.231. The Server has three hard disks with capacities as 500gb, 500gb and 1TB and are partitioned as (C,D,E), (F,G) and (K) with partition K having all user data into various Shared Folders. Each of these folders(On Partition K), are mapped onto each user's computer as per the right of access given to them. The Problem: The Server was installed about 6 months ago and till date not even once, the Server has Hung or has given any problem. All the Clients computers are able to run the web based software from their computers via ip address, e.g. http://192.168.1.231/webERP/default.aspx. However, occassionally, when any client computer tries to browse network mappings, it hangs. Again, there is no fixed pattern. This may happen after running smoothly for say 3 days. On each Client's machine, the network settings are as follows: IP Address: 192.168.1.* where * is 1,2,3 .... Sunnetmask: 255.255.255.0 defauly getway: 192.168.1.231 Which is a server card and DNS address. preferred DNS Server: 192.168.1.231 In Advanced Tab under Wins: LMHostLookup is Unticked and default is radio buttoned. Ideally, I would have loved to have Disabled NETBIOS over TCP/IP but some network printers do not get accessed if this option is enabled(ie. Radio Buttoned). Bacause Disabling Netbios will drastically reduce traffic of NETBIOS broadcasting to all the computers on the net to do naming resolution. On Server, I have WINs Running which I have Scavanged Records, verified Database Integrity etc, removed Tombstoned Records etc. The Critical Errors shown only once a day when the server is statred are 4224(WINS) and 12923 - Server Licencing failed to Update DNS Record. I fail to understand as why do client machines HANG when they try to browse mapped network shared folders on K Drive. Kindly Advice

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• Outlook refuses to connect to Exchange

  - by wfaulk

  Outlook 2007 under Windows XP connecting to Exchange 2003 SP2: when started, it flips back and forth between "Connecting to Exchange Server" and "Disconnected" three or four times, then gives up and stays disconnected. I tried deleting the ost file (which was nearly 2GB), turning Cached mode on and off, recreating the account inside the Mail control panel, changing the account to use HTTP, and probably some other things. None of it seemed to make any difference, until … After fiddling with it for a while, I got this absurd error message dialog at startup, and it exits after I click OK: Cannot start Microsoft Office Outlook. Cannot open the Outlook window. The set of folders cannot be opened. Microsoft Exchange is not available. Either there are network problems or the Exchange server is down for maintenance. (I'm not sure if I can even trust that message. It's so long, it just feels like a random offset into Outlook's stack of error messages.) Either way, the Exchange server is available to everyone else, and is available via OWA from that computer. I ran Process Explorer against Outlook and it showed 5 or so ESTABLISHED connections to our Exchange server, plus listening on two UDP ports, and two CLOSE_WAIT connections to localhost. If I managed to look at Outlook's IP connections while it was doing its Connecting/Disconnected dance, it had a huge number of connections open to the Exchange server. It more than filled ProcExp's dialog box; I'm guessing at least 20, probably more. The only other odd thing is that our network admin at some point added a wildcard DNS record to the domain name that we use for email, and now Outlook will sometimes (always?) start by complaining about autodiscover.example.com's SSL certificate. There is a web server there, but it doesn't have any sort of email autodiscover anything on it. It doesn't make any difference if I click "OK" or "Cancel" (or whatever the buttons are). I also added a bogus entry for the hostname to Windows' hosts file, pointing it at 127.0.0.2, and it stopped complaining about the certificate. (The CLOSE_WAIT sockets above were from before I made this change, and went away after.) I don't think this is related, as the same problem should exist for everyone, but it might be. This is the second time this user has had this problem. The first time, I never found a solution other than reinstalling Outlook. Now that it's a pattern, I'd like to find a permanent solution, rather than assume it's a random glitch.

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• logrotate isn't rotating a particular log file (and i think it should be)

  - by Max Williams

  Hi all. For a particular app, i have log files in two places. One of the places has just one log file that i want to use with logrotate, for the other location i want to use logrotate on all log files in that folder. I've set up an entry called millionaire-staging in /etc/logrotate.d and have been testing it by calling logrotate -f millionaire-staging. Here's my entry: #/etc/logrotate.d/millionaire-staging compress rotate 1000 dateext missingok sharedscripts copytruncate /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/log/staging.log { weekly } /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/*log { size 40M } So, for the first folder, i want to rotate weekly (this seems to have worked fine). For the other, i want to rotate only when the log files get bigger than 40 meg. When i look in that folder (using the same locator as in the logrotate config), i can see a file in there that's 54M and which hasn't been rotated: $ ls -lh /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/*log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 33M 2010-12-29 15:00 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.access-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 54M 2010-09-10 16:57 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.debug-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 53K 2010-12-14 15:48 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.error-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 3.8M 2010-12-29 14:30 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.ssl.access-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 16K 2010-12-17 15:00 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.ssl.error-log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 0 2010-12-29 14:49 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/unicorn.stderr.log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 0 2010-12-29 14:49 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/unicorn.stdout.log Some of the other log files in that folder have been rotated though: $ ls -lh /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log total 91M -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 33M 2010-12-29 15:05 test.millionaire.charanga.com.access-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 54M 2010-09-10 16:57 test.millionaire.charanga.com.debug-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 53K 2010-12-14 15:48 test.millionaire.charanga.com.error-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 3.8M 2010-12-29 14:30 test.millionaire.charanga.com.ssl.access-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 16K 2010-12-17 15:00 test.millionaire.charanga.com.ssl.error-log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 0 2010-12-29 14:49 unicorn.stderr.log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 41K 2010-12-29 11:03 unicorn.stderr.log-20101229.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 0 2010-12-29 14:49 unicorn.stdout.log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 1.1K 2010-10-15 11:05 unicorn.stdout.log-20101229.gz I think what might have happened is that i first ran this config with a pattern matching *.log, and that means it only rotated the two files that ended in .log (as opposed to -log). Then, when i changed the config and ran it again, it won't do any more since it think's its already had its weekly run, or something. Can anyone see what i'm doing wrong? Is it to do with those top folders being owned by root rather than deploy do you think? thanks, max

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• dd-wrt router firmware QoS troubleshooting

  - by Jeff Atwood

  I've been using the dd-wrt firmware on my router and I like it a lot! But -- I'm not sure the quality of service (QoS) is working on it. I have it set up as follows: http, port 80 -- Premium bittorrent, port 6969 -- Bulk https, port 443 -- Premium dns, port 53 -- Premium Per the QoS documentation, these levels are: bandwidth is allocated based on the following percentages of uplink and downlink values for each class: Exempt: 100mbps - ignores global limits. Premium: 75% - 100% Express: 15% - 100% Standard: 10% - 100% Bulk: 1.5% - 100% This doesn't entirely seem to work, though -- with busy torrents going I get major pauses in my web browsing which sucks! The QoS documentation gives some steps to check the QoS ... What you'll be interested to look at will be the first set of source and destination IP, including the port numbers. Next the presence of l7proto and the "mark" field. The entries indicate the current live connection QoS priority applied on them based on the "mark" field. The "mark" values correspond to the following Exempt: 100 Premium: 10 Express: 20 Standard: 30 Bulk: 40 (no QoS matched): 0 You may see "mark=0" for some l7proto service even though they are in configured in the list of QoS rules. This may mean that the layer 7 pattern matching system didn't match a new or changed header for that protocol. Custom service on port matches will usually take care of these. On port 6969 (bittorrent) I see a weird mixture of stuff with mark=0 and mark=40 like so cat /proc/net/ip_conntrack udp 17 105 src=98.162.182.42 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=64512 dport=6969 packets=3 bytes=290 src=10.0.0.2 dst=98.162.182.42 sport=6969 dport=64512 packets=4 bytes=202 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 117 TIME_WAIT src=98.248.173.174 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=51114 dport=6969 packets=12 bytes=704 src=10.0.0.2 dst=98.248.173.174 sport=6969 dport=51114 packets=10 bytes=440 [ASSURED] mark=40 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 598 ESTABLISHED src=165.132.128.201 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=57218 dport=6969 packets=8024 bytes=9919881 src=10.0.0.2 dst=165.132.128.201 sport=6969 dport=57218 packets=4211 bytes=239607 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 tcp 6 586 ESTABLISHED src=68.46.9.24 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=64688 dport=6969 packets=6 bytes=490 src=10.0.0.2 dst=68.46.9.24 sport=6969 dport=64688 packets=8 bytes=944 [ASSURED] mark=40 secmark=0 use=1 udp 17 45 src=222.254.228.38 dst=1.2.3.4 sport=25438 dport=6969 packets=5 bytes=454 src=10.0.0.2 dst=222.254.228.38 sport=6969 dport=25438 packets=3 bytes=154 [ASSURED] mark=0 secmark=0 use=1 ( full file visible at http://pastebin.com/AZE6EtWm ) I've been playing around with this log for a little while and I can't see any patterns! Why is some port 6969 bittorrent traffic tagged mark=0 (not matched) by dd-wrt's QoS while others are tagged mark=40 (Bulk) .. any ideas?

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• logrotate isn't rotating a particular log file (and i think it should be)

  - by Max Williams

  Hi all. For a particular app, i have log files in two places. One of the places has just one log file that i want to use with logrotate, for the other location i want to use logrotate on all log files in that folder. I've set up an entry called millionaire-staging in /etc/logrotate.d and have been testing it by calling logrotate -f millionaire-staging. Here's my entry: #/etc/logrotate.d/millionaire-staging compress rotate 1000 dateext missingok sharedscripts copytruncate /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/log/staging.log { weekly } /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/*log { size 40M } So, for the first folder, i want to rotate weekly (this seems to have worked fine). For the other, i want to rotate only when the log files get bigger than 40 meg. When i look in that folder (using the same locator as in the logrotate config), i can see a file in there that's 54M and which hasn't been rotated: $ ls -lh /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/*log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 33M 2010-12-29 15:00 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.access-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 54M 2010-09-10 16:57 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.debug-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 53K 2010-12-14 15:48 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.error-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 3.8M 2010-12-29 14:30 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.ssl.access-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 16K 2010-12-17 15:00 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/test.millionaire.charanga.com.ssl.error-log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 0 2010-12-29 14:49 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/unicorn.stderr.log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 0 2010-12-29 14:49 /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log/unicorn.stdout.log Some of the other log files in that folder have been rotated though: $ ls -lh /var/www/apps/test.millionaire/shared/log total 91M -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 33M 2010-12-29 15:05 test.millionaire.charanga.com.access-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 54M 2010-09-10 16:57 test.millionaire.charanga.com.debug-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 53K 2010-12-14 15:48 test.millionaire.charanga.com.error-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 3.8M 2010-12-29 14:30 test.millionaire.charanga.com.ssl.access-log -rw-r--r-- 1 www-data root 16K 2010-12-17 15:00 test.millionaire.charanga.com.ssl.error-log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 0 2010-12-29 14:49 unicorn.stderr.log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 41K 2010-12-29 11:03 unicorn.stderr.log-20101229.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 0 2010-12-29 14:49 unicorn.stdout.log -rw-r--r-- 1 deploy deploy 1.1K 2010-10-15 11:05 unicorn.stdout.log-20101229.gz I think what might have happened is that i first ran this config with a pattern matching *.log, and that means it only rotated the two files that ended in .log (as opposed to -log). Then, when i changed the config and ran it again, it won't do any more since it think's its already had its weekly run, or something. Can anyone see what i'm doing wrong? Is it to do with those top folders being owned by root rather than deploy do you think? thanks, max

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• Wireless traffic stops when downloading large files at high speed: packets lost (Linksys WRT120N router)

  - by Torious

  The problem Note: First I'd like to understand WHY this is happening. Ofcourse, a solution would be nice too. :) When downloading a large file over HTTP at high-speeds, my wireless traffic basically stops: I can't open webpages and the download itself pauses. It pauses pretty much immediately after starting it; sometimes at 800 KB, sometimes at a few MB. After some time, the download (and other traffic) resumes, but the problem keeps reoccurring during the same download. The problem does not occur when using a wired connection through the same router (Linskys WRT120N). Also note that the connection is not dropped when this happens. It's just that the traffic stops and I can't browse to web pages, etc. (SYN packets are sent but nothing is received, etc.) Inspection with Wireshark shows that the following happens: Server sends data packets which are acknowledged by client Server sends a packet, but SEQ indicates some packets were lost (6 packets in one occurrence). Server sends a few more packets and client acknowledges these using "selective acknowledgement" Server stops sending data for a while (since the lost packets were not acknowledged or the router stops forwarding them?) Eventually, server does a "retransmission" and traffic resumes as normal. This all seems normal behavior to me when packet loss occurs. It's the consistent packet loss throughout a large, high-speed download that puzzles me. What might cause this? My own idea is the following: My internet is pretty fast (100 mbps), so when starting a large-file download, the router buffers the incoming data (since wireless introduces some slight delay / lower speed, in part due to other networks), but the buffer overflows and the router drops packets to regulate traffic (and because it has no choice). But how could that happen? Doesn't the TCP window size limit the amount of data that can go unacknowledged? So how can the router's buffer overflow if there can only be like 64 KB waiting to be acknowledged? Note: I've disabled TCP window scaling and dynamic window size through netsh options, in an attempt to fix this, but it doesn't seem to matter. Also, Wireshark shows a pattern of the server sending 2 packets (of 1514 bytes) and the client sending an ACK, so does that rule out a possible buffer overflow? And a few more subsequent packets are received... I'm at a loss here. Thanks for any insights. Things that are (probably) NOT the cause / I have experimented with The browser Various TCP options in Windows 7 (netsh etc.) Router settings such as MTU, beacon interval, UPnP, ...

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• Improving TCP performance over a gigabit network lots of connections and high traffic for storage and streaming services

  - by Linux Guy

  I have two servers, Both servers hardware Specification are Processor : Dual Processor RAM : over 128 G.B Hard disk : SSD Hard disk Outging Traffic bandwidth : 3 Gbps network cards speed : 10 Gbps Server A : for Encoding videos Server B : for storage videos andstream videos over web interface like youtube The inbound bandwidth between two servers is 10Gbps , the outbound bandwidth internet bandwidth is 500Mpbs Both servers using public ip addresses in public and private network Both servers transfer and connection on nginx port , and the server B used for streaming media , like youtube stream videos Both servers in same network , when i do ping from Server A to Server B i got high time latency above 1.0ms , the time range time=52.7 ms to time=215.7 ms - This is the output of iftop utility 353Mb 707Mb 1.04Gb 1.38Gb 1.73Gb mqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqvqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqvqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqvqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqvqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq server.example.com => ip.address 6.36Mb 4.31Mb 1.66Mb <= 158Kb 94.8Kb 35.1Kb server.example.com => ip.address 1.23Mb 4.28Mb 1.12Mb <= 17.1Kb 83.5Kb 21.9Kb server.example.com => ip.address 395Kb 3.89Mb 1.07Mb <= 6.09Kb 109Kb 28.6Kb server.example.com => ip.address 4.55Mb 3.83Mb 1.04Mb <= 55.6Kb 45.4Kb 13.0Kb server.example.com => ip.address 649Kb 3.38Mb 1.47Mb <= 9.00Kb 38.7Kb 16.7Kb server.example.com => ip.address 5.00Mb 3.32Mb 1.80Mb <= 65.7Kb 55.1Kb 29.4Kb server.example.com => ip.address 387Kb 3.13Mb 1.06Mb <= 18.4Kb 39.9Kb 15.0Kb server.example.com => ip.address 3.27Mb 3.11Mb 1.01Mb <= 81.2Kb 64.5Kb 20.9Kb server.example.com => ip.address 1.75Mb 3.08Mb 2.72Mb <= 16.6Kb 35.6Kb 32.5Kb server.example.com => ip.address 1.75Mb 2.90Mb 2.79Mb <= 22.4Kb 32.6Kb 35.6Kb server.example.com => ip.address 3.03Mb 2.78Mb 1.82Mb <= 26.6Kb 27.4Kb 20.2Kb server.example.com => ip.address 2.26Mb 2.66Mb 1.36Mb <= 51.7Kb 49.1Kb 24.4Kb server.example.com => ip.address 586Kb 2.50Mb 1.03Mb <= 4.17Kb 26.1Kb 10.7Kb server.example.com => ip.address 2.42Mb 2.49Mb 2.44Mb <= 31.6Kb 29.7Kb 29.9Kb server.example.com => ip.address 2.41Mb 2.46Mb 2.41Mb <= 26.4Kb 24.5Kb 23.8Kb server.example.com => ip.address 2.37Mb 2.39Mb 2.40Mb <= 28.9Kb 27.0Kb 28.5Kb server.example.com => ip.address 525Kb 2.20Mb 1.05Mb <= 7.03Kb 26.0Kb 12.8Kb qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq TX: cum: 102GB peak: 1.65Gb rates: 1.46Gb 1.44Gb 1.48Gb RX: 1.31GB 24.3Mb 19.5Mb 18.9Mb 20.0Mb TOTAL: 103GB 1.67Gb 1.48Gb 1.46Gb 1.50Gb I check the transfer speed using iperf utility From Server A to Server B # iperf -c 0.0.0.2 -p 8777 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 0.0.0.2, TCP port 8777 TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 0.0.0.1 port 38895 connected with 0.0.0.2 port 8777 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0-10.8 sec 528 KBytes 399 Kbits/sec My Current Connections in Server B # netstat -an|grep ":8777"|awk '/tcp/ {print $6}'|sort -nr| uniq -c 2072 TIME_WAIT 28 SYN_RECV 1 LISTEN 189 LAST_ACK 139 FIN_WAIT2 373 FIN_WAIT1 3381 ESTABLISHED 34 CLOSING Server A Network Card Information Settings for eth0: Supported ports: [ TP ] Supported link modes: 100baseT/Full 1000baseT/Full 10000baseT/Full Supported pause frame use: No Supports auto-negotiation: Yes Advertised link modes: 10000baseT/Full Advertised pause frame use: No Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes Speed: 10000Mb/s Duplex: Full Port: Twisted Pair PHYAD: 0 Transceiver: external Auto-negotiation: on MDI-X: Unknown Supports Wake-on: d Wake-on: d Current message level: 0x00000007 (7) drv probe link Link detected: yes Server B Network Card Information Settings for eth2: Supported ports: [ FIBRE ] Supported link modes: 10000baseT/Full Supported pause frame use: No Supports auto-negotiation: No Advertised link modes: 10000baseT/Full Advertised pause frame use: No Advertised auto-negotiation: No Speed: 10000Mb/s Duplex: Full Port: Direct Attach Copper PHYAD: 0 Transceiver: external Auto-negotiation: off Supports Wake-on: d Wake-on: d Current message level: 0x00000007 (7) drv probe link Link detected: yes ifconfig server A eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:25:90:ED:9E:AA inet addr:0.0.0.1 Bcast:0.0.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1202795665 errors:0 dropped:64334 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2313161968 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:893413096188 (832.0 GiB) TX bytes:3360949570454 (3.0 TiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:2207544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2207544 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:247769175 (236.2 MiB) TX bytes:247769175 (236.2 MiB) ifconfig Server B eth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:25:90:82:C4:FE inet addr:0.0.0.2 Bcast:0.0.0.2 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:39973046980 errors:0 dropped:1828387600 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69618752480 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:3013976063688 (2.7 TiB) TX bytes:102250230803933 (92.9 TiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:1049495 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1049495 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:129012422 (123.0 MiB) TX bytes:129012422 (123.0 MiB) Netstat -i on Server B # netstat -i Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg eth2 9000 0 42098629968 0 2131223717 0 73698797854 0 0 0 BMRU lo 65536 0 1077908 0 0 0 1077908 0 0 0 LRU I Turn up send/receive buffers on the network card to 2048 and problem still persist I increase the MTU for server A and problem still persist and i increase the MTU for server B for better connectivity and transfer speed but it couldn't transfer at all The problem is : as you can see from iperf utility, the transfer speed from server A to server B slow when i restart network service in server B the transfer in server A at full speed, after 2 minutes , it's getting slow How could i troubleshoot slow speed issue and fix it in server B ? Notice : if there any other commands i should execute in servers for more information, so it might help resolve the problem , let me know in comments

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• Is DHCP lease expriring years from now okay?

  - by sharptooth

  I'm reviewing Azure web role logs and there's output from ipconfig /all IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 10.61.145.37(Preferred) . Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.254.0. Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Monday, September 24, 2012 12:26:00 PM. Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : Thursday, October 31, 2148 6:55:12 PM. you see, the lease expires in year 2148 but my VM will likely not run for more than one month - when I deploy the new version of my code I first deploy it to new VMs, then switch traffic, then release the new VMs. In general such usage pattern is normal - VMs typically live from several dozen minutes to several weeks on Azure. I suspect the lease that long will cause problems on the internal Azure network sooner or later. Is such long DHCP lease okay or is it likely a misconfiguration?

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• GPU not powering on

  - by Lerp

  So I got home from work yesterday and went to turn my computer on as per usual to be greeted by this: The screens remained black, so I rebooted; I go as far as GRUB before my screens went black again. I rebooted again, they didn't turn on. I rebooted again, I got as far as the windows login screen. This time I unplugged it, opened it up and cleaned it but to no luck. The GPU was still being tempermental. I repeated the process of turning off and on several times until one time it work as normal. I happily played games for the rest of the night (5-6 hours?) thinking everything was jolly good now. Well I get home from work today and it is doing the SAME thing. Sometimes everything displays normally for a few seconds to minutes then the screens go black; then sometimes the screens don't come on at all. Summary and additional points Screens sometimes turn on before shortly turning off, sometimes they don't; I cannot seem to determine any pattern between when they do or do not turn off. The build has been working fine for about 8 months now so I know it's not hardware incompatibility. If I plug a monitor into the on board graphics I can use the PC normally (just in low graphics mode) I have two monitors and it's a case of they both turn on or not. So I think I can rule out the monitors being dead. I have tried replacing the GPU I have tried replacing the RAM I have tried flashing the CMOS I have tried cleaning the inside The GPU is a Radeon HD 7870 My questions Is my GPU dead? It's not very old and I would rather have a method of being certain it's the GPU before I fork out some money I can't really afford. I do not have a second PC here to test it in. If my GPU is dead why does it sometimes work and sometimes not? Update Okay, it was working again.. at least I thought it was. I left it running for 10-20minutes with the screens black. Turned it off and straight back on and it worked for all of 10minutes. I was then updating the post in joy thinking I could play some games for the rest of the night when BAM it went black again. So yeah, I don't know :C

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• script to count the occurence of the particular string in the given time interval

  - by pruthvi

  We are trying to write a script "sendemail.sh" to count the number of occurrence of a particular string in a log file "SendEmail.log" within the given interval. We have a log file. In that we are searching for a pattern "ReqInputMsgLog" and need to count the number of times it occurred in the given period for eg: from "2014-08-19 11:30" to "2014-08-19 11:34". And our script look like this: #!/bin/sh enterdate=$1 echo $enterdate enddate=$2 enterdate1=`date +%s -d $enterdate +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` echo $enterdate1 enddate1=`date +%s -d $enddate +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` echo $enddate count=0 cat SendEmail.log | grep "ReqInputMsgLog" | awk -F "[" '{print $3}' | awk -F "," '{print $1}' > /con/scripts_server/file.txt for line in `cat /con/scripts_server/file.txt` do logdate=`echo $line | awk -F : '{print $1":"$2}'` if [[ $logdate < $enddate1 ]]; then count=`expr $count + 1` fi done echo $count But when we are trying to execute the script by the below command its not showing the proper count. ./sendemail.sh "2014-08-19 11:30" "2014-08-19 11:34" Log file is very big one. Small chunk has been posted here. INFO [SIBJMSRAThreadPool : 5] [2014-08-19 11:18:24,471] SendEmail - 8/19/14 11:18 AM,ECCF25B0-0147-4000-E000-1B830A3C05A9,ReqInputMsgLog,SendEmail,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <in:sendEmailRequestMsg xmlns:in="http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface" xmlns:ns0="wsdl.http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface" xmlns:ns1="http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:me="wsdl.http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface" xsi:type="me:sendEmailRequestMsg"> <in:sendEmail xmlns:xci0="http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface"> INFO [SIBJMSRAThreadPool : 7] [2014-08-19 11:18:14,235] SendEmail - 8/19/14 11:18 AM,ECCEFDB2-0147-4000-E000-1B830A3C05A9,ReqInputMsgLog,SendEmail,<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <in:sendEmailRequestMsg xmlns:in="http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface" xmlns:ns0="wsdl.http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface" xmlns:ns1="http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:me="wsdl.http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface" xsi:type="me:sendEmailRequestMsg"> <in:sendEmail xmlns:xci0="http://EmailMed/EmailMedInterface"> INFO [SIBJMSRAThreadPool : 7] [2014-08-19 11:18:14,241] SendEmail - xmlText: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> after awk command we will get a file "/con/scripts_server/file.txt" which looks similar like below: 2014-08-19 11:28:03 2014-08-19 11:28:06 2014-08-19 11:28:17 2014-08-19 11:28:53 2014-08-19 11:29:02 2014-08-19 11:29:47 2014-08-19 11:29:57 2014-08-19 11:30:07 2014-08-19 11:30:17 2014-08-19 11:30:19 2014-08-19 11:30:19 2014-08-19 11:30:22 2014-08-19 11:30:25 2014-08-19 11:30:25 2014-08-19 11:30:36 2014-08-19 11:30:51 2014-08-19 11:30:56 2014-08-19 11:30:59 2014-08-19 11:30:59 2014-08-19 11:31:08 2014-08-19 11:31:25 2014-08-19 11:32:19 2014-08-19 11:32:22 2014-08-19 11:32:27 2014-08-19 11:32:28 2014-08-19 11:32:41 2014-08-19 11:32:49 2014-08-19 11:32:59 2014-08-19 11:33:27 2014-08-19 11:33:41 2014-08-19 11:34:07 2014-08-19 11:34:14 2014-08-19 11:34:21 2014-08-19 11:34:25 2014-08-19 11:34:38 2014-08-19 11:34:50 2014-08-19 11:34:58

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• nginx rewrite for /blah/(.*) /$1

  - by skrewler

  I'm migrating from mod_php to nginx. I got everything working except for this rewrite.. I'm just not familiar enough with nginx configuration to know the correct way to do this. I came up with this by looking at a sample on the nginx site. server { server_name test01.www.myhost.com; root /home/vhosts/my_home/blah; access_log /var/log/nginx/blah.access.log; error_log /var/log/nginx/blah.error.log; index index.php; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ @rewrites; } location @rewrites { rewrite ^ /index.php last; rewrite ^/ht/userGreeting.php /js/iFrame/index.php last; rewrite ^/ht/(.*)$ /$1 last; rewrite ^/userGreeting.php$ /js/iFrame/index.php last; rewrite ^/a$ /adminLogin.php last; rewrite ^/boom\/(.*)$ /boom/index.php?q=$1 last; rewrite ^favicon.ico$ favico_ry.ico last; } # This block will catch static file requests, such as images, css, js # The ?: prefix is a 'non-capturing' mark, meaning we do not require # the pattern to be captured into $1 which should help improve performance location ~* \.(?:ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)$ { # Some basic cache-control for static files to be sent to the browser expires max; add_header Pragma public; add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; } include php.conf; } The issue I'm having is with this rewrite: rewrite ^ht\/(.*)$ /$1 last; 99% of requests that will hit this rewrite are static files. So I think maybe it's getting sent to the static files section and that's where things are being messed up? I tried adding this but it didn't work: location ~* ^ht\/.*\.(?:ico|css|js|gif|jpe?g|png)$ { # Some basic cache-control for static files to be sent to the browser expires max; add_header Pragma public; add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; } Any help would be appreciated. I know the best thing to do would be to just change the references of /ht/whatever.jpg to /whatever.jpg in the code.. but that's not an option for now.

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• MongoDB and datasets that don't fit in RAM no matter how hard you shove

  - by sysadmin1138

  This is very system dependent, but chances are near certain we'll scale past some arbitrary cliff and get into Real Trouble. I'm curious what kind of rules-of-thumb exist for a good RAM to Disk-space ratio. We're planning our next round of systems, and need to make some choices regarding RAM, SSDs, and how much of each the new nodes will get. But now for some performance details! During normal workflow of a single project-run, MongoDB is hit with a very high percentage of writes (70-80%). Once the second stage of the processing pipeline hits, it's extremely high read as it needs to deduplicate records identified in the first half of processing. This is the workflow for which "keep your working set in RAM" is made for, and we're designing around that assumption. The entire dataset is continually hit with random queries from end-user derived sources; though the frequency is irregular, the size is usually pretty small (groups of 10 documents). Since this is user-facing, the replies need to be under the "bored-now" threshold of 3 seconds. This access pattern is much less likely to be in cache, so will be very likely to incur disk hits. A secondary processing workflow is high read of previous processing runs that may be days, weeks, or even months old, and is run infrequently but still needs to be zippy. Up to 100% of the documents in the previous processing run will be accessed. No amount of cache-warming can help with this, I suspect. Finished document sizes vary widely, but the median size is about 8K. The high-read portion of the normal project processing strongly suggests the use of Replicas to help distribute the Read traffic. I have read elsewhere that a 1:10 RAM-GB to HD-GB is a good rule-of-thumb for slow disks, As we are seriously considering using much faster SSDs, I'd like to know if there is a similar rule of thumb for fast disks. I know we're using Mongo in a way where cache-everything really isn't going to fly, which is why I'm looking at ways to engineer a system that can survive such usage. The entire dataset will likely be most of a TB within half a year and keep growing.

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• Windows 2003 Server Caching

  - by pablomedok

  We're experiencing almost everyday table index corruption on Windows Server 2003. We are running an old application which uses DBF/CDX tables. Everything was fine for ages, but 6 months after we've installed Advantage Database Server (which allows access to some tables to our website) we started to get index corruption problems. And we don't know whom to blame. We've tried to exclude all possible causes of this corruption. Now all users work in terminal mode - so no network problems can cause that, OpLocks also can't be a reason. We changed hardware, network cards, switches, reainstalled Server and even moved to new dedicated server. The only thing we can't exclude is ADS - because it should be working. Is that possible that local read/write caching that causes that problem? E.g. one user or process uses cached data, later another user/process changes it, and later the first user changes it again without knowing about the first change. Is it possible theoretically? Is it possible that this problem is caused by imporper file server or caching settings? Is it possible that normal users use non-cached data and ADS is using cached data? Or vice versa? Is it possible that each terminal user has its own cache? Or maybe the problem is about RAID caching somehow interfering with Windows Server caching? Or maybe there are some special settings for Windows Server for working with DBF tables that are being written simultaneously by several terminal users? Maybe there is a way to turn off caching for some certain files to check it? Sometimes we get index crash twice a day, sometimes everything is fine for 5 days in a row. Today only one user was working in the evening with the database (usually there are 30-50 users are working simultaneously on working hours). So it's almost zero load on server. , Syncronization with website is performed every 5 minutes during work hours and every 15 minutes in the evening and on weekend. We've done file access auditing and it shows that during website syncroniztions ADS server opens the table and index files for ReadEA and WriteEA though it performs only SELECT queries. ADS does UPDATE/INSERT queries but less freqently - not during regular synchronizations, but only when an order is placed by website visitor). Please help me. We are struggling with this problem for almost a year and still can't find any pattern or any clue about this problem. Here is my previous qestion about this issue on DBA: http://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/8646/foxpro-dbf-index-corruption

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• Asterisk: Dropping calls with an "ast_yyerror"

  - by Nick

  I'm having an intermittent issue where asterisk will play our greeting to the caller, and then drop the call instead of making our phones ring. I'm unable to reproduce the problem with any phones I have here, and many callers get through just fine. Some callers though, run into the problem, and I can't find any pattern to it. The bit of information I could find said it was caused by an error in evaluating a dialplan expression. I'm thinking it's this line: exten = START,n,GotoIf($[${FORCE_CLOSED}=TRUE]?CLOSED,1) But I'm not sure what's wrong with it. I see the following error on the console: [Apr 4 16:29:49] WARNING[27038]: ast_expr2.fl:459 ast_yyerror: ast_yyerror(): syntax error: syntax error, unexpected '=', expecting $end; Input:=TRUE^ Surrounding Console output: -- Executing [START@AGInbound:1] Answer("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "") in new stack -- Executing [START@AGInbound:2] BackGround("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", 0000_AG_THANK_YOU_FOR_CALLING_AG") in new stack -- Playing '0000_AG_THANK_YOU_FOR_CALLING_AG.slin' (language 'en') [Apr 4 16:29:49] WARNING[27038]: ast_expr2.fl:459 ast_yyerror: ast_yyerror(): syntax error: syntax error, unexpected '=', expecting $end; Input: =TRUE ^ [Apr 4 16:29:49] WARNING[27038]: ast_expr2.fl:463 ast_yyerror: If you have questions, please refer to doc/tex/channelvariables.tex in the asterisk source. -- Executing [START@AGInbound:3] GotoIf("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "?CLOSED,1") in new stack -- Executing [START@AGInbound:4] GotoIfTime("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "9:30-17:0|mon-fri|*|*?OPEN,1") in new stack -- Executing [START@AGInbound:5] GotoIfTime("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "10:0-18:30|sat|*|*?OPEN,1") in new stack -- Executing [START@AGInbound:6] GotoIfTime("IAX2/AtlantaTeliax-10086", "12:0-17:0|sun|*|*?OPEN,1") in new stack Relevant lines from the dial plan: exten = START,1,Answer() exten = START,n,Background(0000_AG_THANK_YOU_FOR_CALLING_AG) ; See if we're open ; Force Closed if no one's going to be answering exten = START,n,GotoIf($[${FORCE_CLOSED}=TRUE]?CLOSED,1) exten = START,n,GotoIfTime(${AG_WEEKDAY_OPEN_HOUR}:${AG_WEEKDAY_OPEN_MIN}-${AG$ exten = START,n,GotoIfTime(${AG_SATURDAY_OPEN_HOUR}:${AG_SATURDAY_OPEN_MIN}-${$ exten = START,n,GotoIfTime(${AG_SUNDAY_OPEN_HOUR}:${AG_SUNDAY_OPEN_MIN}-${AG_S$ ; ...and we're not. But maybe the time of day has been overridden? exten = START,n,GotoIf($[${OVERRIDE_TIME_OF_DAY}=TRUE]?OPEN,1) ; No override... We're definatly closed. exten = START,n,Goto(CLOSED,1) Any idea what's wrong with the expression? We recently upgraded from 1.4 to 1.6.

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• How to loop through all illustrator files in a folder (CS6)

  - by Julian

  I have written some JavaScript to save .ai files to two separate locations with different resolutions, one of them being cropped to a reduced size art board. (Courtesy of John Otterud / Articmill for the main part). There are other variables in the script that I am not using at present but I want to leave the functionality there for a later date/additional layers to export/other resolutions etc. I can't get it to loop through all files in a folder. I cannot find the script that works - or insert it at the right place. I can get as far a selecting the folder and I suppose creating an array but after that what next? This is the create array part of the script - // JavaScript Document //Set up vairaibles var destDoc, sourceDoc, sourceFolder, newLayer; // Select the source folder. sourceFolder = Folder.selectDialog('Select the folder with Illustrator files that you want to mere into one', '~'); destDoc = app.documents.add(); // If a valid folder is selected if (sourceFolder != null) { files = new Array(); // Get all files matching the pattern files = sourceFolder.getFiles(); I have inserted this at the beginning of the main script (probably where I am going wrong because I can select the folder but then nothing more) #target illustrator var docRef = app.activeDocument; with (docRef) { if (layers[i].name = 'HEADER') { layers[i].name = '#'+ activeDocument.name; save() } } // *** Export Layers as PNG files (in multiple resolutions) *** var subFolderName = "For_PLMA"; var subFolderTwoName = "For_VLP"; var saveInMultipleResolutions = true; // ... // Note: only use one character! var exportLayersStartingWith = "%"; var exportLayersWithArtboardClippingStartingWith = "#"; // ... var normalResolutionFileAppend = "_VLP"; var highResolutionFileAppend = "_PLMA"; // ... var normalResolutionScale = 100; var highResolutionScale = 200; var veryhighResolutionScale = 300; // *** Start of script *** var doc = app.activeDocument; // Make sure we have saved the document if (doc.path != "") { Then the rest of the export script runs on from there.

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• Ask How-To Geek: Learning the Office Ribbon, Booting to USB with an Old BIOS, and Snapping Windows

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  You’ve got questions and we’ve got answers. Today we highlight how to master the new Office interface, USB boot a computer with outdated BIOS, and snap windows to preset locations. Learning the New Office Ribbon Dear How-To Geek, I feel silly asking this (in light of how long the new Office interface has been out) but my company finally got around to upgrading from Windows XP and Office 2000 so the new interface it totally new to me. Can you recommend any resources for quickly learning the Office ribbon and the new changes? I feel completely lost after two decades of the old Office interface. Help! Sincerely, Where the Hell is Everything? Dear Where the Hell, We think most people were with you at some point in the last few years. “Where the hell is…” could possibly be the slogan for the new ribbon interface. You could browse through some of the dry tutorials online or even get a weighty book on the topic but the best way to learn something new is to get hands on. Ribbon Hero turns learning the new Office features and ribbon layout into a game. It’s no vigorous round of Team Fortress mind you, but it’s significantly more fun than reading a training document. Check out how to install and configure Ribbon Hero here. You’ll be teaching your coworkers new tricks in no time. Boot via USB with an Old BIOS Dear How-To Geek, I’m trying to repurpose some old computers by updating them with lightweight Linux distros but the BIOS on most of the machines is ancient and creaky. How ancient? It doesn’t even support booting from a USB device! I have a large flash drive that I’ve turned into a master installation tool for jobs like this but I can’t use it. The computers in question have USB ports; they just aren’t recognized during the boot process. What can I do? USB Bootin’ in Boise Dear USB Bootin’, It’s great you’re working to breathe life into old hardware! You’ve run into one of the limitations of older BIOSes, USB was around but nobody was thinking about booting off of it. Fortunately if you have a computer old enough to have that kind of BIOS it’s likely to also has a floppy drive or a CDROM drive. While you could make a bootable CDROM for your application we understand that you want to keep using the master USB installer you’ve made. In light of that we recommend PLoP Boot Manager. Think of it like a boot manager for your boot manager. Using it you can create a bootable floppy or CDROM that will enable USB booting of your master USB drive. Make a CD and a floppy version and you’ll have everything in your toolkit you need for future computer refurbishing projects. Read up on creating bootable media with PLoP Boot Manager here. Snapping Windows to Preset Coordinates Dear How-To Geek, Once upon a time I had a company laptop that came with a little utility that snapped windows to preset areas of the screen. This was long before the snap-to-side features in Windows 7. You could essentially configure your screen into a grid pattern of your choosing and then windows would neatly snap into those grids. I have no idea what it was called or if was anymore than a gimmick from the computer manufacturer, but I’d really like to have it on my new computer! Bend and Snap in San Francisco, Dear Bend and Snap, If we had to guess, we’d guess your company must have had a set of laptops from Acer as the program you’re describing sounds exactly like Acer GridVista. Fortunately for you the application was extremely popular and Acer released it independently of their hardware. If, by chance, you’ve since upgraded to a multiple monitor setup the app even supports multiple monitors—many of the configurations are handy for arranging IM windows and other auxiliary communication tools. Check out our guide to installing and configuring Acer GridVista here for more information. Have a question you want to put before the How-To Geek staff? Shoot us an email at [email protected] and then keep an eye out for a solution in the Ask How-To Geek column. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How to Upgrade Windows 7 Easily (And Understand Whether You Should) The How-To Geek Guide to Audio Editing: Basic Noise Removal Install a Wii Game Loader for Easy Backups and Fast Load Times The Best of CES (Consumer Electronics Show) in 2011 The Worst of CES (Consumer Electronics Show) in 2011 HTG Projects: How to Create Your Own Custom Papercraft Toy Download the New Year in Japan Windows 7 Theme from Microsoft Once More Unto the Breach – Facebook Apps Can Now Access Your Address and Phone Number Dial Zero Speeds You Through Annoying Customer Service Menus Complete Dropquest 2011 and Receive Free Dropbox Storage Desktop Computer versus Laptop Wallpaper The Kids Have No Idea What Old Tech Is [Video]

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• Using Unity – Part 3

  - by nmarun

  The previous blog was about registering and invoking different types dynamically. In this one I’d like to show how Unity manages/disposes the instances – say hello to Lifetime Managers. When a type gets registered, either through the config file or when RegisterType method is explicitly called, the default behavior is that the container uses a transient lifetime manager. In other words, the unity container creates a new instance of the type when Resolve or ResolveAll method is called. Whereas, when you register an existing object using the RegisterInstance method, the container uses a container controlled lifetime manager - a singleton pattern. It does this by storing the reference of the object and that means so as long as the container is ‘alive’, your registered instance does not go out of scope and will be disposed only after the container either goes out of scope or when the code explicitly disposes the container. Let’s see how we can use these and test if something is a singleton or a transient instance. Continuing on the same solution used in the previous blogs, I have made the following changes: First is to add typeAlias elements for TransientLifetimeManager type: 1: <typeAlias alias="transient" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.TransientLifetimeManager, Microsoft.Practices.Unity"/> You then need to tell what type(s) you want to be transient by nature: 1: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product2"> 2: <lifetime type="transient" /> 3: </type> 4: <!--<type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product2" />--> The lifetime element’s type attribute matches with the alias attribute of the typeAlias element. Now since ‘transient’ is the default behavior, you can have a concise version of the same as line 4 shows. Also note that I’ve changed the mapTo attribute from ‘Product’ to ‘Product2’. I’ve done this to help understand the transient nature of the instance of the type Product2. By making this change, you are basically saying when a type of IProduct needs to be resolved, Unity should create an instance of Product2 by default. 1: public string WriteProductDetails() 2: { 3: return string.Format("Name: {0}<br/>Category: {1}<br/>Mfg Date: {2}<br/>Hash Code: {3}", 4: Name, Category, MfgDate.ToString("MM/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss tt"), GetHashCode()); 5: } Again, the above change is purely for the purpose of making the example more clear to understand. The display will show the full date and also displays the hash code of the current instance. The GetHashCode() method returns an integer when an instance gets created – a new integer for every instance. When you run the application, you’ll see something like the below: Now when you click on the ‘Get Product2 Instance’ button, you’ll see that the Mfg Date (which is set in the constructor) and the Hash Code are different from the one created on page load. This proves to us that a new instance is created every single time. To make this a singleton, we need to add a type alias for the ContainerControlledLifetimeManager class and then change the type attribute of the lifetime element to singleton. 1: <typeAlias alias="singleton" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.ContainerControlledLifetimeManager, Microsoft.Practices.Unity"/> 2: ... 3: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product2"> 4: <lifetime type="singleton" /> 5: </type> Running the application now gets me the following output: Click on the button below and you’ll see that the Mfg Date and the Hash code remain unchanged => the unity container is storing the reference the first time it is created and then returns the same instance every time the type needs to be resolved. Digging more deeper into this, Unity provides more than the two lifetime managers. ExternallyControlledLifetimeManager – maintains a weak reference to type mappings and instances. Unity returns the same instance as long as the some code is holding a strong reference to this instance. For this, you need: 1: <typeAlias alias="external" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.ExternallyControlledLifetimeManager, Microsoft.Practices.Unity"/> 2: ... 3: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product2"> 4: <lifetime type="external" /> 5: </type> PerThreadLifetimeManager – Unity returns a unique instance of an object for each thread – so this effectively is a singleton behavior on a  per-thread basis. 1: <typeAlias alias="perThread" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.PerThreadLifetimeManager, Microsoft.Practices.Unity"/> 2: ... 3: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product2"> 4: <lifetime type="perThread" /> 5: </type> One thing to note about this is that if you use RegisterInstance method to register an existing object, this instance will be returned for every thread, making this a purely singleton behavior. Needless to say, this type of lifetime management is useful in multi-threaded applications (duh!!). I hope this blog provided some basics on lifetime management of objects resolved in Unity and in the next blog, I’ll talk about Injection. Please see the code used here.

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• Parallelism in .NET – Part 12, More on Task Decomposition

  - by Reed

  Many tasks can be decomposed using a Data Decomposition approach, but often, this is not appropriate.  Frequently, decomposing the problem into distinctive tasks that must be performed is a more natural abstraction. However, as I mentioned in Part 1, Task Decomposition tends to be a bit more difficult than data decomposition, and can require a bit more effort.  Before we being parallelizing our algorithm based on the tasks being performed, we need to decompose our problem, and take special care of certain considerations such as ordering and grouping of tasks. Up to this point in this series, I’ve focused on parallelization techniques which are most appropriate when a problem space can be decomposed by data.  Using PLINQ and the Parallel class, I’ve shown how problem spaces where there is a collection of data, and each element needs to be processed, can potentially be parallelized. However, there are many other routines where this is not appropriate.  Often, instead of working on a collection of data, there is a single piece of data which must be processed using an algorithm or series of algorithms.  Here, there is no collection of data, but there may still be opportunities for parallelism. As I mentioned before, in cases like this, the approach is to look at your overall routine, and decompose your problem space based on tasks.  The idea here is to look for discrete “tasks,” individual pieces of work which can be conceptually thought of as a single operation. Let’s revisit the example I used in Part 1, an application startup path.  Say we want our program, at startup, to do a bunch of individual actions, or “tasks”.  The following is our list of duties we must perform right at startup: Display a splash screen Request a license from our license manager Check for an update to the software from our web server If an update is available, download it Setup our menu structure based on our current license Open and display our main, welcome Window Hide the splash screen The first step in Task Decomposition is breaking up the problem space into discrete tasks. This, naturally, can be abstracted as seven discrete tasks.  In the serial version of our program, if we were to diagram this, the general process would appear as: These tasks, obviously, provide some opportunities for parallelism.  Before we can parallelize this routine, we need to analyze these tasks, and find any dependencies between tasks.  In this case, our dependencies include: The splash screen must be displayed first, and as quickly as possible. We can’t download an update before we see whether one exists. Our menu structure depends on our license, so we must check for the license before setting up the menus. Since our welcome screen will notify the user of an update, we can’t show it until we’ve downloaded the update. Since our welcome screen includes menus that are customized based off the licensing, we can’t display it until we’ve received a license. We can’t hide the splash until our welcome screen is displayed. By listing our dependencies, we start to see the natural ordering that must occur for the tasks to be processed correctly. The second step in Task Decomposition is determining the dependencies between tasks, and ordering tasks based on their dependencies. Looking at these tasks, and looking at all the dependencies, we quickly see that even a simple decomposition such as this one can get quite complicated.  In order to simplify the problem of defining the dependencies, it’s often a useful practice to group our tasks into larger, discrete tasks.  The goal when grouping tasks is that you want to make each task “group” have as few dependencies as possible to other tasks or groups, and then work out the dependencies within that group.  Typically, this works best when any external dependency is based on the “last” task within the group when it’s ordered, although that is not a firm requirement.  This process is often called Grouping Tasks.  In our case, we can easily group together tasks, effectively turning this into four discrete task groups: 1. Show our splash screen – This needs to be left as its own task.  First, multiple things depend on this task, mainly because we want this to start before any other action, and start as quickly as possible. 2. Check for Update and Download the Update if it Exists - These two tasks logically group together.  We know we only download an update if the update exists, so that naturally follows.  This task has one dependency as an input, and other tasks only rely on the final task within this group. 3. Request a License, and then Setup the Menus – Here, we can group these two tasks together.  Although we mentioned that our welcome screen depends on the license returned, it also depends on setting up the menu, which is the final task here.  Setting up our menus cannot happen until after our license is requested.  By grouping these together, we further reduce our problem space. 4. Display welcome and hide splash - Finally, we can display our welcome window and hide our splash screen.  This task group depends on all three previous task groups – it cannot happen until all three of the previous groups have completed. By grouping the tasks together, we reduce our problem space, and can naturally see a pattern for how this process can be parallelized.  The diagram below shows one approach: The orange boxes show each task group, with each task represented within.  We can, now, effectively take these tasks, and run a large portion of this process in parallel, including the portions which may be the most time consuming.  We’ve now created two parallel paths which our process execution can follow, hopefully speeding up the application startup time dramatically. The main point to remember here is that, when decomposing your problem space by tasks, you need to: Define each discrete action as an individual Task Discover dependencies between your tasks Group tasks based on their dependencies Order the tasks and groups of tasks

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• Parallelism in .NET – Part 13, Introducing the Task class

  - by Reed

  Once we’ve used a task-based decomposition to decompose a problem, we need a clean abstraction usable to implement the resulting decomposition.  Given that task decomposition is founded upon defining discrete tasks, .NET 4 has introduced a new API for dealing with task related issues, the aptly named Task class. The Task class is a wrapper for a delegate representing a single, discrete task within your decomposition.  We will go into various methods of construction for tasks later, but, when reduced to its fundamentals, an instance of a Task is nothing more than a wrapper around a delegate with some utility functionality added.  In order to fully understand the Task class within the new Task Parallel Library, it is important to realize that a task really is just a delegate – nothing more.  In particular, note that I never mentioned threading or parallelism in my description of a Task.  Although the Task class exists in the new System.Threading.Tasks namespace: Tasks are not directly related to threads or multithreading. Of course, Task instances will typically be used in our implementation of concurrency within an application, but the Task class itself does not provide the concurrency used.  The Task API supports using Tasks in an entirely single threaded, synchronous manner. Tasks are very much like standard delegates.  You can execute a task synchronously via Task.RunSynchronously(), or you can use Task.Start() to schedule a task to run, typically asynchronously.  This is very similar to using delegate.Invoke to execute a delegate synchronously, or using delegate.BeginInvoke to execute it asynchronously. The Task class adds some nice functionality on top of a standard delegate which improves usability in both synchronous and multithreaded environments. The first addition provided by Task is a means of handling cancellation via the new unified cancellation mechanism of .NET 4.  If the wrapped delegate within a Task raises an OperationCanceledException during it’s operation, which is typically generated via calling ThrowIfCancellationRequested on a CancellationToken, or if the CancellationToken used to construct a Task instance is flagged as canceled, the Task’s IsCanceled property will be set to true automatically.  This provides a clean way to determine whether a Task has been canceled, often without requiring specific exception handling. Tasks also provide a clean API which can be used for waiting on a task.  Although the Task class explicitly implements IAsyncResult, Tasks provide a nicer usage model than the traditional .NET Asynchronous Programming Model.  Instead of needing to track an IAsyncResult handle, you can just directly call Task.Wait() to block until a Task has completed.  Overloads exist for providing a timeout, a CancellationToken, or both to prevent waiting indefinitely.  In addition, the Task class provides static methods for waiting on multiple tasks – Task.WaitAll and Task.WaitAny, again with overloads providing time out options.  This provides a very simple, clean API for waiting on single or multiple tasks. Finally, Tasks provide a much nicer model for Exception handling.  If the delegate wrapped within a Task raises an exception, the exception will automatically get wrapped into an AggregateException and exposed via the Task.Exception property.  This exception is stored with the Task directly, and does not tear down the application.  Later, when Task.Wait() (or Task.WaitAll or Task.WaitAny) is called on this task, an AggregateException will be raised at that point if any of the tasks raised an exception.  For example, suppose we have the following code: Task taskOne = new Task( () => { throw new ApplicationException("Random Exception!"); }); Task taskTwo = new Task( () => { throw new ArgumentException("Different exception here"); }); // Start the tasks taskOne.Start(); taskTwo.Start(); try { Task.WaitAll(new[] { taskOne, taskTwo }); } catch (AggregateException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.InnerExceptions.Count); foreach (var inner in e.InnerExceptions) Console.WriteLine(inner.Message); } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } Here, our routine will print: 2 Different exception here Random Exception! Note that we had two separate tasks, each of which raised two distinctly different types of exceptions.  We can handle this cleanly, with very little code, in a much nicer manner than the Asynchronous Programming API.  We no longer need to handle TargetInvocationException or worry about implementing the Event-based Asynchronous Pattern properly by setting the AsyncCompletedEventArgs.Error property.  Instead, we just raise our exception as normal, and handle AggregateException in a single location in our calling code.

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• Cleaner HTML Markup with ASP.NET 4 Web Forms - Client IDs (VS 2010 and .NET 4.0 Series)

  - by ScottGu

  This is the sixteenth in a series of blog posts I’m doing on the upcoming VS 2010 and .NET 4 release. Today’s post is the first of a few blog posts I’ll be doing that talk about some of the important changes we’ve made to make Web Forms in ASP.NET 4 generate clean, standards-compliant, CSS-friendly markup.  Today I’ll cover the work we are doing to provide better control over the “ID” attributes rendered by server controls to the client. [In addition to blogging, I am also now using Twitter for quick updates and to share links. Follow me at: twitter.com/scottgu] Clean, Standards-Based, CSS-Friendly Markup One of the common complaints developers have often had with ASP.NET Web Forms is that when using server controls they don’t have the ability to easily generate clean, CSS-friendly output and markup.  Some of the specific complaints with previous ASP.NET releases include: Auto-generated ID attributes within HTML make it hard to write JavaScript and style with CSS Use of tables instead of semantic markup for certain controls (in particular the asp:menu control) make styling ugly Some controls render inline style properties even if no style property on the control has been set ViewState can often be bigger than ideal ASP.NET 4 provides better support for building standards-compliant pages out of the box.  The built-in <asp:> server controls with ASP.NET 4 now generate cleaner markup and support CSS styling – and help address all of the above issues.  Markup Compatibility When Upgrading Existing ASP.NET Web Forms Applications A common question people often ask when hearing about the cleaner markup coming with ASP.NET 4 is “Great - but what about my existing applications?  Will these changes/improvements break things when I upgrade?” To help ensure that we don’t break assumptions around markup and styling with existing ASP.NET Web Forms applications, we’ve enabled a configuration flag – controlRenderingCompatbilityVersion – within web.config that let’s you decide if you want to use the new cleaner markup approach that is the default with new ASP.NET 4 applications, or for compatibility reasons render the same markup that previous versions of ASP.NET used:   When the controlRenderingCompatbilityVersion flag is set to “3.5” your application and server controls will by default render output using the same markup generation used with VS 2008 and .NET 3.5.  When the controlRenderingCompatbilityVersion flag is set to “4.0” your application and server controls will strictly adhere to the XHTML 1.1 specification, have cleaner client IDs, render with semantic correctness in mind, and have extraneous inline styles removed. This flag defaults to 4.0 for all new ASP.NET Web Forms applications built using ASP.NET 4. Any previous application that is upgraded using VS 2010 will have the controlRenderingCompatbilityVersion flag automatically set to 3.5 by the upgrade wizard to ensure backwards compatibility.  You can then optionally change it (either at the application level, or scope it within the web.config file to be on a per page or directory level) if you move your pages to use CSS and take advantage of the new markup rendering. Today’s Cleaner Markup Topic: Client IDs The ability to have clean, predictable, ID attributes on rendered HTML elements is something developers have long asked for with Web Forms (ID values like “ctl00_ContentPlaceholder1_ListView1_ctrl0_Label1” are not very popular).  Having control over the ID values rendered helps make it much easier to write client-side JavaScript against the output, makes it easier to style elements using CSS, and on large pages can help reduce the overall size of the markup generated. New ClientIDMode Property on Controls ASP.NET 4 supports a new ClientIDMode property on the Control base class.  The ClientIDMode property indicates how controls should generate client ID values when they render.  The ClientIDMode property supports four possible values: AutoID—Renders the output as in .NET 3.5 (auto-generated IDs which will still render prefixes like ctrl00 for compatibility) Predictable (Default)— Trims any “ctl00” ID string and if a list/container control concatenates child ids (example: id=”ParentControl_ChildControl”) Static—Hands over full ID naming control to the developer – whatever they set as the ID of the control is what is rendered (example: id=”JustMyId”) Inherit—Tells the control to defer to the naming behavior mode of the parent container control The ClientIDMode property can be set directly on individual controls (or within container controls – in which case the controls within them will by default inherit the setting): Or it can be specified at a page or usercontrol level (using the <%@ Page %> or <%@ Control %> directives) – in which case controls within the pages/usercontrols inherit the setting (and can optionally override it): Or it can be set within the web.config file of an application – in which case pages within the application inherit the setting (and can optionally override it): This gives you the flexibility to customize/override the naming behavior however you want. Example: Using the ClientIDMode property to control the IDs of Non-List Controls Let’s take a look at how we can use the new ClientIDMode property to control the rendering of “ID” elements within a page.  To help illustrate this we can create a simple page called “SingleControlExample.aspx” that is based on a master-page called “Site.Master”, and which has a single <asp:label> control with an ID of “Message” that is contained with an <asp:content> container control called “MainContent”: Within our code-behind we’ll then add some simple code like below to dynamically populate the Label’s Text property at runtime:   If we were running this application using ASP.NET 3.5 (or had our ASP.NET 4 application configured to run using 3.5 rendering or ClientIDMode=AutoID), then the generated markup sent down to the client would look like below: This ID is unique (which is good) – but rather ugly because of the “ct100” prefix (which is bad). Markup Rendering when using ASP.NET 4 and the ClientIDMode is set to “Predictable” With ASP.NET 4, server controls by default now render their ID’s using ClientIDMode=”Predictable”.  This helps ensure that ID values are still unique and don’t conflict on a page, but at the same time it makes the IDs less verbose and more predictable.  This means that the generated markup of our <asp:label> control above will by default now look like below with ASP.NET 4: Notice that the “ct100” prefix is gone. Because the “Message” control is embedded within a “MainContent” container control, by default it’s ID will be prefixed “MainContent_Message” to avoid potential collisions with other controls elsewhere within the page. Markup Rendering when using ASP.NET 4 and the ClientIDMode is set to “Static” Sometimes you don’t want your ID values to be nested hierarchically, though, and instead just want the ID rendered to be whatever value you set it as.  To enable this you can now use ClientIDMode=static, in which case the ID rendered will be exactly the same as what you set it on the server-side on your control.  This will cause the below markup to be rendered with ASP.NET 4: This option now gives you the ability to completely control the client ID values sent down by controls. Example: Using the ClientIDMode property to control the IDs of Data-Bound List Controls Data-bound list/grid controls have historically been the hardest to use/style when it comes to working with Web Form’s automatically generated IDs.  Let’s now take a look at a scenario where we’ll customize the ID’s rendered using a ListView control with ASP.NET 4. The code snippet below is an example of a ListView control that displays the contents of a data-bound collection — in this case, airports: We can then write code like below within our code-behind to dynamically databind a list of airports to the ListView above: At runtime this will then by default generate a <ul> list of airports like below.  Note that because the <ul> and <li> elements in the ListView’s template are not server controls, no IDs are rendered in our markup: Adding Client ID’s to Each Row Item Now, let’s say that we wanted to add client-ID’s to the output so that we can programmatically access each <li> via JavaScript.  We want these ID’s to be unique, predictable, and identifiable. A first approach would be to mark each <li> element within the template as being a server control (by giving it a runat=server attribute) and by giving each one an id of “airport”: By default ASP.NET 4 will now render clean IDs like below (no ctl001-like ids are rendered):   Using the ClientIDRowSuffix Property Our template above now generates unique ID’s for each <li> element – but if we are going to access them programmatically on the client using JavaScript we might want to instead have the ID’s contain the airport code within them to make them easier to reference.  The good news is that we can easily do this by taking advantage of the new ClientIDRowSuffix property on databound controls in ASP.NET 4 to better control the ID’s of our individual row elements. To do this, we’ll set the ClientIDRowSuffix property to “Code” on our ListView control.  This tells the ListView to use the databound “Code” property from our Airport class when generating the ID: And now instead of having row suffixes like “1”, “2”, and “3”, we’ll instead have the Airport.Code value embedded within the IDs (e.g: _CLE, _CAK, _PDX, etc): You can use this ClientIDRowSuffix approach with other databound controls like the GridView as well. It is useful anytime you want to program row elements on the client – and use clean/identified IDs to easily reference them from JavaScript code. Summary ASP.NET 4 enables you to generate much cleaner HTML markup from server controls and from within your Web Forms applications.  In today’s post I covered how you can now easily control the client ID values that are rendered by server controls.  In upcoming posts I’ll cover some of the other markup improvements that are also coming with the ASP.NET 4 release. Hope this helps, Scott

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• Database model for keeping track of likes/shares/comments on blog posts over time

  - by gage

  My goal is to keep track of the popular posts on different blog sites based on social network activity at any given time. The goal is not to simply get the most popular now, but instead find posts that are popular compared to other posts on the same blog. For example, I follow a tech blog, a sports blog, and a gossip blog. The tech blog gets waaay more readership than the other two blogs, so in raw numbers every post on the tech blog will always out number views on the other two. So lets say the average tech blog post gets 500 facebook likes and the other two get an average of 50 likes per post. Then when there is a sports blog post that has 200 fb likes and a gossip blog post with 300 while the tech blog posts today have 500 likes I want to highlight the sports and gossip blog posts (more likes than average vs tech blog with more # of likes but just average for the blog) The approach I am thinking of taking is to make an entry in a database for each blog post. Every x minutes (say every 15 minutes) I will check how many likes/shares/comments an entry has received on all the social networks (facebook, twitter, google+, linkeIn). So over time there will be a history of likes for each blog post, i.e post 1234 after 15 min: 10 fb likes, 4 tweets, 6 g+ after 30 min: 15 fb likes, 15 tweets, 10 g+ ... ... after 48 hours: 200 fb likes, 25 tweets, 15 g+ By keeping a history like this for each blog post I can know the average number of likes/shares/tweets at any give time interval. So for example the average number of fb likes for all blog posts 48hrs after posting is 50, and a particular post has 200 I can mark that as a popular post and feature/highlight it. A consideration in the design is to be able to easily query the values (likes/shares) for a specific time-frame, i.e. fb likes after 30min or tweets after 24 hrs in-order to compute averages with which to compare against (or should averages be stored in it's own table?) If this approach is flawed or could use improvement please let me know, but it is not my main question. My main question is what should a database scheme for storing this info look like? Assuming that the above approach is taken I am trying to figure out what a database schema for storing the likes over time would look like. I am brand new to databases, in doing some basic reading I see that it is advisable to make a 3NF database. I have come up with the following possible schema. Schema 1 DB Popular Posts Table: Post post_id ( primary key(pk) ) url title Table: Social Activity activity_id (pk) url (fk) type (i.e. facebook,twitter,g+) value timestamp This was my initial instinct (base on my very limited db knowledge). As far as I under stand this schema would be 3NF? I searched for designs of similar database model, and found this question on stackoverflow, http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11216080/data-structure-for-storing-height-and-weight-etc-over-time-for-multiple-users . The scenario in that question is similar (recording weight/height of users overtime). Taking the accepted answer for that question and applying it to my model results in something like: Schema 2 (same as above, but break down the social activity into 2 tables) DB Popular Posts Table: Post post_id (pk) url title Table: Social Measurement measurement_id (pk) post_id (fk) timestamp Table: Social stat stat_id (pk) measurement_id (fk) type (i.e. facebook,twitter,g+) value The advantage I see in schema 2 is that I will likely want to access all the values for a given time, i.e. when making a measurement at 30min after a post is published I will simultaneous check number of fb likes, fb shares, fb comments, tweets, g+, linkedIn. So with this schema it may be easier get get all stats for a measurement_id corresponding to a certain time, i.e. all social stats for post 1234 at time x. Another thought I had is since it doesn't make sense to compare number of fb likes with number of tweets or g+ shares, maybe it makes sense to separate each social measurement into it's own table? Schema 3 DB Popular Posts Table: Post post_id (pk) url title Table: fb_likes fb_like_id (pk) post_id (fk) timestamp value Table: fb_shares fb_shares_id (pk) post_id (fk) timestamp value Table: tweets tweets__id (pk) post_id (fk) timestamp value Table: google_plus google_plus_id (pk) post_id (fk) timestamp value As you can see I am generally lost/unsure of what approach to take. I'm sure this typical type of database problem (storing measurements overtime, i.e temperature statistic) that must have a common solution. Is there a design pattern/model for this, does it have a name? I tried searching for "database periodic data collection" or "database measurements over time" but didn't find anything specific. What would be an appropriate model to solve the needs of this problem?

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• Own DataFormWebPart: Unable to display this Web Part.

  - by user307852

  Hi, What I want is to display a paginable list from my custom data source. All came from the fact that I needed some logical relationships between seach scopes and some dates. I considered ContentQueryWebpart, but CAML is too complicated as I have plenty of different conditions, CoreResults webpart is too limited as it uses KeyWordQuery so I inherited from DataFormWebPart to display my own custom search results from my own custom xml source. Thats the best way i am aware of... I knew I needed some configuration to write in my pageLayout like MyWebParts:MyCustomWebPart etc so I went to Designer, put DataFormWebPart on a page, linked it to list of pages, and set multiple item view and that gave me some configuration.. Firstly i checked if DataFormWebPart works when put on pageLayout and it sucessfully displayed my pages list in pages library. But that was not what I wanted, i needed to set my own XML data source... I then changed the configuration of WebPartPages:DataFormWebPart to match mine and detach from any listName or listId and I change the XSL tag to much simplier to display all results and now I am getting: Unable to display this Web Part. To troubleshoot the problem, open this Web page in a Microsoft SharePoint Foundation-compatible HTML editor such as Microsoft SharePoint Designer. If the problem persists, contact your Web server administrator. and there is no way to know what is wrong:/ The webpart public class MyCustomWebPart : DataFormWebPart{ public override void DataBind() { ...... XmlDataSource source = new XmlDataSource(); source.Data = doc.InnerXml; this.DataSource=source; base.DataBind(); } } The doc XML: <dsQueryResponse><Rows><Row URL="http://myserver/sites/sc/myDoc.doc" TITLE="Specification.doc" AUTHOR="System.String[]" /></Rows></dsQueryResponse> The webpart is in PageLayout, inserted without webpartzone: <MyWebParts:MyCustomWebPart runat="server" Description="" ListDisplayName="" PartOrder="2" HelpLink="" AllowRemove="True" IsVisible="True" AllowHide="True" UseSQLDataSourcePaging="True" ExportControlledProperties="True" DataSourceID="" Title="" ViewFlag="0" NoDefaultStyle="TRUE" AllowConnect="True" FrameState="Normal" PageSize="10" PartImageLarge="" AsyncRefresh="True" ExportMode="All" Dir="Default" DetailLink="" ShowWithSampleData="False" FrameType="None" PartImageSmall="" IsIncluded="True" SuppressWebPartChrome="False" AllowEdit="True" ManualRefresh="False" ChromeType="None" AutoRefresh="False" AutoRefreshInterval="60" AllowMinimize="True" ViewContentTypeId="" InitialAsyncDataFetch="False" MissingAssembly="Cannot import this Web Part." HelpMode="Modeless" ListUrl="" ID="g_c2180fb9_c667_42f3_aab3_c3340cb0ac5a" ConnectionID="00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000" AllowZoneChange="True" IsIncludedFilter="" __MarkupType="vsattributemarkup" __WebPartId="{C2233FB9-C667-42F3-AAB3-C334223C5A}" __AllowXSLTEditing="true" WebPart="true" Height="" Width=""> <Xsl> <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"> <xsl:output method="xml" version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" indent="yes"/> <xsl:template match="/"> <xmp> <xsl:copy-of select="*"/> </xmp> </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> </Xsl> <DataSources> <SharePoint:SPDataSource runat="server" DataSourceMode="List" SelectCommand="<View></View>" UpdateCommand="" InsertCommand="" DeleteCommand="" UseInternalName="True" ID="spdatasource3"> <SelectParameters> <asp:Parameter DefaultValue="0" Name="StartRowIndex"></asp:Parameter><asp:Parameter DefaultValue="0" Name="nextpagedata"> </asp:Parameter><asp:Parameter DefaultValue="10" Name="MaximumRows"></asp:Parameter> </SelectParameters> </SharePoint:SPDataSource> </DataSources> </MyWebParts:MyCustomWebPart>

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• Using C# 4.0’s DynamicObject as a Stored Procedure Wrapper

  - by EltonStoneman

  [Source: http://geekswithblogs.net/EltonStoneman] Overview Ignoring the fashion, I still make a lot of use of DALs – typically when inheriting a codebase with an established database schema which is full of tried and trusted stored procedures. In the DAL a collection of base classes have all the scaffolding, so the usual pattern is to create a wrapper class for each stored procedure, giving typesafe access to parameter values and output. DAL calls then looks like instantiate wrapper-populate parameters-execute call:       using (var sp = new uspGetManagerEmployees())     {         sp.ManagerID = 16;         using (var reader = sp.Execute())         {             //map entities from the output         }     }   Or rolling it all into a fluent DAL call – which is nicer to read and implicitly disposes the resources:   This is fine, the wrapper classes are very simple to handwrite or generate. But as the codebase grows, you end up with a proliferation of very small wrapper classes: The wrappers don't add much other than encapsulating the stored procedure call and giving you typesafety for the parameters. With the dynamic extension in .NET 4.0 you have the option to build a single wrapper class, and get rid of the one-to-one stored procedure to wrapper class mapping. In the dynamic version, the call looks like this:       dynamic getUser = new DynamicSqlStoredProcedure("uspGetManagerEmployees", Database.AdventureWorks);     getUser.ManagerID = 16;       var employees = Fluently.Load<List<Employee>>()                             .With<EmployeeMap>()                             .From(getUser);   The important difference is that the ManagerId property doesn't exist in the DynamicSqlStoredProcedure class. Declaring the getUser object with the dynamic keyword allows you to dynamically add properties, and the DynamicSqlStoredProcedure class intercepts when properties are added and builds them as stored procedure parameters. When getUser.ManagerId = 16 is executed, the base class adds a parameter call (using the convention that parameter name is the property name prefixed by "@"), specifying the correct SQL Server data type (mapping it from the type of the value the property is set to), and setting the parameter value. Code Sample This is worked through in a sample project on github – Dynamic Stored Procedure Sample – which also includes a static version of the wrapper for comparison. (I'll upload this to the MSDN Code Gallery once my account has been resurrected). Points worth noting are: DynamicSP.Data – database-independent DAL that has all the data plumbing code. DynamicSP.Data.SqlServer – SQL Server DAL, thin layer on top of the generic DAL which adds SQL Server specific classes. Includes the DynamicSqlStoredProcedure base class. DynamicSqlStoredProcedure.TrySetMember. Invoked when a dynamic member is added. Assumes the property is a parameter named after the SP parameter name and infers the SqlDbType from the framework type. Adds a parameter to the internal stored procedure wrapper and sets its value. uspGetManagerEmployees – the static version of the wrapper. uspGetManagerEmployeesTest – test fixture which shows usage of the static and dynamic stored procedure wrappers. The sample uses stored procedures from the AdventureWorks database in the SQL Server 2008 Sample Databases. Discussion For this scenario, the dynamic option is very favourable. Assuming your DAL is itself wrapped by a higher layer, the stored procedure wrapper classes have very little reuse. Even if you're codegening the classes and test fixtures, it's still additional effort for very little value. The main consideration with dynamic classes is that the compiler ignores all the members you use, and evaluation only happens at runtime. In this case where scope is strictly limited that's not an issue – but you're relying on automated tests rather than the compiler to find errors, but that should just encourage better test coverage. Also you can codegen the dynamic calls at a higher level. Performance may be a consideration, as there is a first-time-use overhead when the dynamic members of an object are bound. For a single run, the dynamic wrapper took 0.2 seconds longer than the static wrapper. The framework does a good job of caching the effort though, so for 1,000 calls the dynamc version still only takes 0.2 seconds longer than the static: You don't get IntelliSense on dynamic objects, even for the declared members of the base class, and if you've been using class names as keys for configuration settings, you'll lose that option if you move to dynamics. The approach may make code more difficult to read, as you can't navigate through dynamic members, but you do still get full debugging support.     var employees = Fluently.Load<List<Employee>>()                             .With<EmployeeMap>()                             .From<uspGetManagerEmployees>                             (                                 i => i.ManagerID = 16,                                 x => x.Execute()                             );

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