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• LVM mirroring VS RAID1

  - by syrenity

  Hi. Having learned a bit about LVM mirroring, I thought about replacing the current RAID-1 scheme I'm using to gain some flexibility. Problem is that according to what I found on the Internet, LVM is: 1) Slower then RAID-1, at least in reading (as only single volume being used for reading). 2) Non-reliable on power interrupts, and requires disk cache disabling for prevention of data loss. http://www.joshbryan.com/blog/2008/01/02/lvm2-mirrors-vs-md-raid-1/ Also it seems, at least to several setup guides I read (http://www.tcpdump.com/kb/os/linux/lvm-mirroring/intro.html), that one actually requires a 3rd disk for storing the LVM log. This makes the setup completely unusable on 2 disks installations, and lowers the amount of used mirror disks on higher amount of disks. Can anyone comment the above facts, and let me know his experience of using LVM mirroring? Thanks.

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• LAMP Server without single failure point + Global Server Load Balancing?

  - by José Nobile

  I want implement a LAMP Server (Linux Apache MySQL PHP) without a single failure point and with Global Server Load Balancing. I have a server in Cali, Colombia, and other server will be installed in Melbourne, Australia, user in America can use the Cali Server and in Europe, Asia, Africa or Oceania use the Melbourne Server. If any server fail (or load is excessively high), a server must answer all request. Data in MYSQL must be in sync, php files, any configuration in both server must be in sync. I read about of Google DNS Server 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 and ANY Cast, also about MySQL semisynchronous replication and MySQL Cluster, but what about other things, as crontabs, and the configurations in server? The solution can't depend of APNIC or BGP, only open source software running in Linux.

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• Resizing partition in Windows 7: how long does it take?

  - by PaulJ

  Okay, maybe this is me worrying about nothing, but... I have a 500 Gb. external drive where I want to create a second partition. I plug it into my Windows 7 box, use Disk Manager and pick the "Shrink Volume" option. It says that the maximum amount to shrink is around 150 Gb. I hit "OK" and it starts working... and it's been going on for about half an hour. The light of the external HD is constantly working. Disk Manager is greyed out and has the "does not respond" message on the top bar; basically, it's behaving as a non-responding application. Is this normal for a drive of this size, or did the application hang? How long would it typically take for a drive like this to resize its partition?

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• How would you measure the amount of atmospheric dust in a server room?

  - by Tom O'Connor

  We've been advised by our tape library vendor that one of the reasons we might be seeing lots of errors is if our server room is particularly dusty. It doesn't look dusty, but that's not to say it's not there. We've got an environment sensor cluster which measures Temperature, Airflow and Relative Humidity. I should probably point out that the low-hanging fruit solution I came up with is to use Sellotape (scotch tape) in a loop, one side stuck to the server cabinet, the other side free-hanging. I've also put a couple of other tape loops by the exit and intake fans of the hardware (not blocking airflow, naturally). How can we (electronically, ideally) measure dust levels?

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• Is Software Raid1 Using mdadm with a Local Hard Disk and GNDB Possible?

  - by Travis

  I have multiple webservers which use many small files to created dynamic web pages. Caching the web pages isn't an option. The webserver also performs writes so I need a synchronous filesystem. I'm looking to maximise performance as it's my understanding that small files is the weakness (to varying degreess) of a cluster filesystem over ethernet. Currently I'm using Centos 5.5, 64 bit. Since it's only about 300MB of data, I'm looking at mdadm using RAID-1 with the GNBD and a local hard disk using the "--write-mostly" option so the reads are done using the local hard disk. Is this possible? If so, is there any advantage to making it a tmpfs disk instead of a local hard disk? Or will the files on the local hard disk just get cached in RAM anyway so I won't see a performance gain by using tmpfs, assuming there's enough RAM available?

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• Rebuild an existing Rackspace server from scratch?

  - by Mojo

  In the process of working out kinks in a server build, is it possible to re-bootstrap a server from scratch, image and all? (Same flavor, say.) By that I mean without recreating the server, keeping its IP address if nothing else. I can't find a way to do this. It would have some advantages, I should think: It wouldn't decrement the 'server create' quota. The existing server would keep its IP address. One machine of a cluster could be rebuilt to a new image without having to change the IP address. (Maybe load balancers make IP addresses a moot point, but it still seems like a worthwhile task.)

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• Why has ESXi 5.0 not used the software RAID configuration on my test server?

  - by kafka

  I've got a test server which was running WS 2008 Enterprise on the bare metal. It was correctly using the software RAID 1 configuration (2x250 GB disks which appeared as one disk), setup on the Dell Poweredge T110 (which meets compatibility requirements) without requiring any extra setup from me. (As an aside I'm fairly sure it's software RAID, as we didn't spec a hardware RAID controller, if that's of any importance in this situation). I am now testing installing ESXi 5.0 on this server to run some VMs. I've successfully installed ESXi, and imported a VM fine, but it's showing 2 x 250 GB disks available as datastores. However they should be appearing as one volume. When I boot the server, there is a RAID configuration screen you can enter, and I'm guessing this is what I'll have to do at some stage, but now need to be very careful because there is one disk which contains data that I want to be mirrored on the other disk. What is the best thing to do in this situation?

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• mdadm - Recovering a 'split' RAID1 array

  - by Hamza

  I have two drives that used to be part of a single RAID1 volume but it appears that one of them went offline for some time, something I've noticed just now when I rebooted my system. I now seem to have two RAID volumes, as reported by: # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md126 : active raid1 sdc[1] 2096116 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [_U] md127 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sdb[0] 2096116 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_] unused devices: <none> Not exactly sure where to go from here. How can I merge and re-sync these volumes without data loss? Thanks.

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• How to record desktop session with sound on Moblin?

  - by Moblin Newbie

  I have tried to record my desktop session with sound on a netbook running Moblin, but I can't seem to be able to record sound. xvidcap just says error accessing /dev/dsp. Are there some options I should pass to xvidcap? Should I use some other recording application? Update: I am using the latest xvidcap (1.1.7) and have read the FAQ. Unfortunately Moblin' gnome-volume-control looks nothing like what is linked to from the xvidcap FAQ; there is no way to to set or even look at the details the screenshot shows, as far as I know. alsamixer shows pulseaudio is used, if that gives anyone any clues. The device is Acer Aspire One.

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• Raid on ICH9R chip set

  - by user500982

  Hi Im looking at buyign this MB: http://www.supermicro.com/products/motherboard/ATOM/ICH9/X7SPE-HF-D525.cfm Im wondering though if the chipset will support the raid configuration I need. Im looking to configure the following arrays: raid array 1: 2 2TB Disks in Raid 0 raid array 2: 2 2TB Disks in Raid 0 raid array 3 (not actualy an array): 1 300GB Disk not in raid, to be used for OS and boot. So in total there would be 5 drives and the board supports 6. so im good when it comes to connections. However I have herd some chip sets only support one raid array (volume). so either all drives are individual, or are in the array. I must have 2 sperate raid arrays independent of each other, and a 5th drive not in any array. Anybody know if this setup will work? Thanks, -Stewart

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• Is there a faster way to deploy an OVA template?

  - by Luke

  I need to deploy vSphere Server Appliance 5.1. I have vSphere Client running locally and my internet upload is capped at 3 Mbps. It says it's going to take about 200 minutes to upload. When selecting a URL as opposed to a local file, does vSphere Client download it locally and then upload, or does it download the OVA directly to the server? My goal is to avoid waiting 3 1/2 hours for this to upload. If specifying a URL isn't any faster, are there any other methods that would allow me to deploy from the datacenter instead of my office? We don't have any Windows VM's installed on our cluster. So unfortunately I don't have a Windows machine with faster upload speed.

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• Techniques to Monitor cron tasks?

  - by Tristan Juricek

  Are there good techniques for monitoring cron tasks over a cluster? We're starting to use cron to launch tasks at daily intervals. A few ideas for checking out information: Add special application handling that logs information into some "network aware" place, like a DB Build up a logfile system that transfers the cron log periodically to a central point for processing/querying (along with other possible log files) I'm wondering if people have had success with doing things separately for cron versus other things, or, if the tasks were integrated into a different approach completely. I'm leaning towards #2, but I'd like to know what more experienced folk might try out.

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• Allow different headers on different servers using WFF

  - by Brian

  We've got multiple web servers configured in a cluster using Microsoft's Web Farm Framework. One of the things I like to do to help debugging is to create a header in IIS that identifies the server that handled the request. Unfortunately when I try to do this, WFF sets the headers to the same value on all the servers. Is there a way around this? I tried looking into using skipDirectives, but I can't find any documentation on it (other than a little bit showing how to use it to skip directories and bindings). If there is documentation on this, please link to it! I would like to be able to read up more on it in case I need to do other things as well.

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• Linux Mint Debian Cinammon soundcard selection

  - by Peter Gridling

  i use said OS and i am missing a window or setting to set the default soundcard. I have a builtin analog soundcard which works just fine and is set as default, also i have a usb headset which works fine eg. with mumble i set input and output on my headset and it just works, also the mute button and volume control on the headset works, but on the default soundcard lol. what i am missing is to set my headset as the default soudcard. i also tried some stuff from there: http://wiki.debian.org/ALSA/ but it seems that alsa is not supported 100% :( some1 here to help? best regards

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• linux: accessing thousands of files in hash of directories

  - by 130490868091234

  I would like to know what is the most efficient way of concurrently accessing thousands of files of a similar size in a modern Linux cluster of computers. I am carrying an indexing operation in each of these files, so the 4 index files, about 5-10x smaller than the data file, are produced next to the file to index. Right now I am using a hierarchy of directories from ./00/00/00 to ./99/99/99 and I place 1 file at the end of each directory, like ./00/00/00/file000000.ext to ./00/00/00/file999999.ext. It seems to work better than having thousands of files in the same directory but I would like to know if there is a better way of laying out the files to improve access.

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• What are the keyboard shortcuts to operate a Mac slider control

  - by doekman

  In the Safari RSS screen, there is a slider (or range) control to change an article's summary length. By pressing TAB a couple of times, it is possible to navigate to this control, without using the mouse. Is it also possible, to slide the slider with the keyboard? Thus sliding the knob to the right and left? The volume slider in iTunes can be operated by the arrow-keys, but in Safari's RSS window, these are used to scroll the text if there are any scrollbars... Note: in System Preferences, Keyboard (OS X 10.6), Keyboard Shortcuts, I have set Full Keyboard Access to All controls. Otherwise, the TAB key only navigates between text boxes and lists.

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• My WD passport detected but not shown on my computer

  - by Rakesh Patel

  1TB WD harddisk is detected in laptop but drives not visible on my computer. Under disk managment drives shown without letters. Right clicking on these drives give 2 options: Delete volume Help. The same harddisk was running well on the same laptop a day before. It is also showing full size of hard drives, Healthy (Primary Partition) etc. (this happened after harddisk usage by guest). Harddisk is new only (about 5 month usage) Please suggest: Is there hardware related problem inside harddisk, if so is it repairable? Is there any option to recover data?

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• glusterfs to replicate files to other servers

  - by sbrattla

  I've got multiple servers which all need to have the same content in /home. In other words, if the file /home/user1/test.txt is updated on server A, this needs to be replicated to all other servers in the cluster. Is it possible to use GlusterFS for this purpose? That is, let each server have a full copy of all data locally - which that server will be working on - and solely use GlusterFS to take care of replicating this data to the other servers? I'm not intersted in a combined storage, but rather have all data on all machines only to have GlusterFS to replicate it to the other machines.

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• hardware: delay and distinct 'click' before hard drive access

  - by matt lohkamp

  I have a windows 7 box stashed away in my closet, containing (among other things) 2 big HDDs linked together as a mirrored volume - basically a super lazy NAS / media server. I've noticed that when that drive is accessed (whether locally, on the machine itself, or remotely, from another computer, or my xbox, for example) there's a noticeable pause, and then from the computer itself, a 'click!' noise, after which the drive is accessed; e.g. open \\computername\shared\, wait 2 seconds, hear 'click!' and then see files appear in windows explorer. Any ideas? Otherwise the drive preforms normally - is it a windows thing? a HDD-about-to-die thing? Or a "yeah that always happens, you've just never noticed it before" thing?

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• Disable RAID Controller

  - by B.Mr.W.

  I have some decent HP Proliants server that come with "HP Smart Array P410i Controller" enabled, I am using these boxes to set up a Hadoop cluster and I know, RAID is for sure a no-no for Hadoop since the application itself will take care of data redundancy and extra intelligence provided by RAID won't be helpful and might turn down the performance. I tried to disable the devices at the BIOS and the box cannot even access the disk afterwards. So I am assuming the controller is sitting between disks and mother board, and we have to turn it on and configure it to "level0" or something like that. I am wondering what should I do to "disable" the RAID functionality so it will fit into the Hadoop environment.

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• Cheapest High Available Web Server [closed]

  - by xyz

  I would like to create a high-available setup (e.g. a small cluster) for a webserver, i.e. it will run Apache, PHP and MySQL. There will be between 2-8 small websites running with only very little traffic and workload. High availability is however very important. I don't want to be dependent on 1 datacenter, so there must be a minimum of 2 servers placed in different datacenters, and if one server goes down, the user must experience no or only a minimum of downtime - and no data loss. I have considered Amazon AWS using their Elastic Load Balancing, since it is possible to buy 2 EC2 instances in 2 availability zones and set up load balancing and RDS (Multi-AZ). However this seems rather expensive. Using the AWS price calculator http://calculator.s3.amazonaws.com/calc5.html it totals to 185$/month the first year (including the free tier). Are my calculations incorrect or is there a cheaper way to make this HA setup? Best regards

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• Security: Unable to display current owner

  - by Jim McKeeth

  I have a user with local administrative rights on their Windows 7 64-bit box. They extracted a file from a zip file they downloaded with the Zip shell extension to their desktop on a non-encrypted or compressed NTFS volume. Unfortunately they cannot open it. I tried to take ownership of it and it just reports "Access is Denied" and for the current owner it reports "Unable to display current owner." At this point the file cannot be deleted, executed or modified. I have actually seen this exact same happen in Vista before, but I can't for the life of me remember how to fix it. Any ideas how it happened or how to fix it? I'd be happy just to delete it without a format at this point.

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• Run disk error check on NTFS file?

  - by paulius_l

  I have a feeling that my system hard drive is dying. Benchmark kind of enforces it. Here is the benchmark of my system hard drive during low system activity: And here is the benchmark of backup drive: Furthermore, there are some files which I just can't touch because I get CRC errors and the hard drive activity spikes to 100% with operating speeds less than 1 MB/s while working with such files. I haven't yet tried swapping SATA cable as I have read this might cause the problems. Anyway, I would like to run some tests on specific clustsers where those files I am interested in are stored. I don't want to do the full chkdsk because it takes a very long time. I would like to either find the utility which executes the disk check directly on the clusters where the file belongs or a couple utilities where one tells me the cluster locations and another can check just those locations. How do I check and possibly fix disk errors where the files I am interested in are stored? Edit: S.M.A.R.T. info:

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• scp to remote servers stalls, unable to isolate cause

  - by Rolf

  When I copy a large file (100+mb) to a remote server using scp it slows down from 2.7 mb/s to 100 kb/s and downward and then stalls. The problem is that I can't seem to isolate the problem. I've tried 2 different remote servers, using 2 local machines (1 osx, 1 windows/cygwin), using 2 different networks/isps and 2 different scp clients. All combinations give the problem except when I copy between the two remote servers (scp). Using wireshark I could not detect any traffic volume that would congest the network (although about 7 packets/sec with NBNS requests from the osx machine). What in the world could be going on? Given the combinations I've used there doesn't seem to be any overlap in the thing that could be causing the trouble.

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• Gnome keyboard shortcuts dysfunctional after waking up from sleep

  - by dennis2008

  Hello, I am using Ubuntu 9.10 on my Thinkpad T61. Very often after the system woke up from sleep, all the gnome shortcuts went dead (no effect when key combinations pressed). Things like "Alt+F4, Alt+TAB" are dead; things like Ctrl+C/Ctrl+V are OK; buttons such as volume up/down also OK; I tried to Google for answers but wasn't lucky enough. Any idea how to solve it? Thanks! If it's not preventable, can I at least restore them without restarting the session?

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