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  • CLR: Multi Param Aggregate, Argument not in Final Output?

    - by OMG Ponies
    Why is my delimiter not appearing in the final output? It's initialized to be a comma, but I only get ~5 white spaces between each attribute using: SELECT [article_id] , dbo.GROUP_CONCAT(0, t.tag_name, ',') AS col FROM [AdventureWorks].[dbo].[ARTICLE_TAG_XREF] atx JOIN [AdventureWorks].[dbo].[TAGS] t ON t.tag_id = atx.tag_id GROUP BY article_id The bit for DISTINCT works fine, but it operates within the Accumulate scope... Output: article_id | col ------------------------------------------------- 1 | a a b c I only have rudimentary C# API knowledge... C# Code: using System; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Data.SqlTypes; using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server; using System.Xml.Serialization; using System.Xml; using System.IO; using System.Collections; using System.Text; [Serializable] [SqlUserDefinedAggregate(Format.UserDefined, MaxByteSize = 8000)] public struct GROUP_CONCAT : IBinarySerialize { ArrayList list; string delimiter; public void Init() { list = new ArrayList(); delimiter = ","; } public void Accumulate(SqlBoolean isDistinct, SqlString Value, SqlString separator) { delimiter = (separator.IsNull) ? "," : separator.Value ; if (!Value.IsNull) { if (isDistinct) { if (!list.Contains(Value.Value)) { list.Add(Value.Value); } } else { list.Add(Value.Value); } } } public void Merge(GROUP_CONCAT Group) { list.AddRange(Group.list); } public SqlString Terminate() { string[] strings = new string[list.Count]; for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++) { strings[i] = list[i].ToString(); } return new SqlString(string.Join(delimiter, strings)); } #region IBinarySerialize Members public void Read(BinaryReader r) { int itemCount = r.ReadInt32(); list = new ArrayList(itemCount); for (int i = 0; i < itemCount; i++) { this.list.Add(r.ReadString()); } } public void Write(BinaryWriter w) { w.Write(list.Count); foreach (string s in list) { w.Write(s); } } #endregion }

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  • c# Column datatype Date type (NOT DateTime)

    - by Sha Le
    Hi All: I want know is there good way to detect Column DataType for Date field (NOT DateTime)? This what currently I do: switch (dt.Columns[col].DataType.FullName) { case "System.DateTime": formatedVal = Formatter.GetDateTime(val); break; // which is NOT possible, but something equivalent am looking for case "System.Date": formatedVal = Formatter.GetDate(val); break; default: formatedVal = val.ToString(); break; } Thanks a bunch. :-)

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  • Can I concatenate multiple MySQL rows into one field?

    - by Dean
    Using MySQL, I can do something like select hobbies from peoples_hobbies where person_id = 5; and get: shopping fishing coding but instead I just want 1 row, 1 col: shopping, fishing, coding The reason is that I'm selecting multiple values from multiple tables, and after all the joins I've got a lot more rows than I'd like. I've looked for a function on MySQL Doc and it doesn't look like the CONCAT or CONCAT_WS functions accept result sets, so does anyone here know how to do this?

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  • mysql : possible to put IF statment in LEFT JOIN ?

    - by Haroldo
    Ok so i want to get an artists info from the db, but i want to know if they have any forthcoming events. To do this i need to traverse 2 tables, where events_artists is a 2 col link table... (this doesnt work but is what id like to do) SELECT art.*, events.event_id FROM art LEFT JOIN events_artists ON art.art_id = events_artists.art_id LEFT JOIN events ON events_artists.event_id = events.event_id IF ( {criteria} ) what should i be doing here to get this to work?!!

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  • When would isSearchable return false for an Oracle JDBC column?

    - by Ian Varley
    In what cases would a call to java.sql.ResultSetMetaData.isSearchable(int col) return false for an Oracle database? The documentation for the method doesn't really answer the question: "Indicates whether the designated column can be used in a where clause." I can think of only one case - when the column is the result of an aggregate function (in which case it would have to be part of a HAVING filter, not a WHERE filter). Are there any other cases?

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  • Symfony2: update query with query builder

    - by Ichigo Kurosaki
    This is my query $id contains primary key and $status contains new status public function updateStatus($id,$status) { $qb=$this-createQueryBuilder('b') -update() -set('b.status',$status) -where('b.id='.$id); echo $qb; return $qb-getQuery() -getResult(); } Problem I am facing is [Semantical Error] line 0, col 56 near 'Complete WHERE': Error: 'Complete' is not defined.

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  • Problem when trying to disappear a column

    - by eddy
    I need to hide a column as well as other elements when my page is printed , and in order to do that I have a print style sheet, everything works fine, except for the column I want to make disappear, the strange thing is that my stylesheet works in IE , but it didn't in Mozilla and chrome, why's that? Html code <col width="10%" class="art-editcolumn"/> and here's the CSS class: .art-editcolumn { display: none; } Hope you can help me out with this.

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  • Why I see only part of the image in the button?

    - by Roman
    I add an image to the button in the following way: ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon("images/col.jpg"); tmp = new JButton(icon); My image is a red sphere but in my button I see only read color. I assume that I see just a small part of the sphere. How can I see the whole image in the button?

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  • match two data.frame

    - by Elb
    I have a situation like this: DF1 COL1 COL2 COL3 ... a b c b d b f e a g m f DF2 COL a b c d e f g h i l m n o I would like to match each column of DF1 with the only one column of DF2 and score how many occurrence of DF2 are in each column of DF1. How this can be done? Thanks in advance, E.

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  • Kohana 3: Auth module

    - by Thomas
    Hi, i'm trying to learn the Kohana's Auth module but login method always return false. Controller: <?php defined('SYSPATH') OR die('No Direct Script Access'); class Controller_Auth extends Controller { public function action_index() { if($_POST) { $this->login(); } $this->template = View::factory('login'); echo $this->template; } private function login() { $user = ORM::factory('user'); $data = array('username' => 'wilson', 'password' => '123'); if(!$user->login($data)) { echo 'FAILED!'; } } private function logout() { } } ?> Model: <?php defined('SYSPATH') or die('No direct script access.'); class Model_User extends Model_Auth_User { } ?>

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  • Novell Netware 6 and C#

    - by user317744
    Hi, I don't know if anyone has any expertise with Novell Netware or not, but I situation where one of my clients is getting a weird error trying to move a file to a netware share. The situation is pretty complicated but I'll try and outline it as best I can. 1) The application is running as a service 2) The file to be moved is a local file in an accessible location (to the service) 3) The file is being moved with FileInfo.MoveTo(). 4) The MoveTo is throwing an IOException and the message is "a device attached to the system is not functioning". I'm at a loss as to explain what might be happening. On a side note, it seems that running a small test program interactively using the same method (FileInfo.MoveTo) to the same location works fine so it seems to be associated with the service itself. Any help would be hugely greatful. Thanks. Kristofor Wilson

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  • JQuery dirtyForm not working on text boxes in ajaxToolkit:TabPanel

    - by dustinson
    I'm a newb to jQ so please forgive my ignorance. I'm using Asa Wilson's plugin jquery.dirtyform.js to prompt a user of unsaved changes before they nav away from a page (ASP.Net C# 3.5). It basically loops through all controls and appends a class and handler to each input. Controls w/i an ajaxToolkit:TabPanel are ignored, unfortunately. I'd appreciate if anyone knows of this type of error and how to resolve it short of manually manipulating each control (as I have this logic in the master page). Thank you.

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  • jQuery autocomplete function, how to add support for words not available in the database yet?

    - by Lyon
    Hi, I'm looking to implement a tag system like how SO uses on their site, where users can specify multiple tag words. However, on top of all the other autocomplete functions available as jquery plugins, I also want to allow users to enter new words not in the database. Does anyone know of any plugin that can do that? Or if there isn't, how one can add that functionality to an existing autocomplete function? I'm exploring Drew Wilson's autosuggest plugin at the moment, as it supports multiple tags well: http://code.drewwilson.com/entry/autosuggest-jquery-plugin Any help appreciated! Thanks :)

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  • Is there an "extended" UIHint attribute to apply CSS styles for DisplayFor - EditorFor templates?

    - by AJ
    Intro: After reading Brad Wilson Metadata series and searching unsuccesfully on google, I was wondering: Question: Has any OS project / code been created that allows you to tag CSS styles in the Meta information, for example in my (buddy) Model, I want to be able to decorate a property with multiple CSS styles (a single style you can fake with UIHint, I want to set many possible styles - and be able to "cross-utilise") eg. public class MyModel { [DisplayCssHint("h5")] [DisplayCssHint("color:#777;")] [EditorCssHint(".myCoolTextClass")] [EditorCssHint(".myOtherCoolTextClass")] public string Title{ get;set; } [DisplayCssHint(".normaltext")] [EditorCssHint(".myCoolTextClass")] [EditorCssHint(".myOtherCoolTextClass")] public string Message {get;set;} } Thoughts: I know that this does not seem like a logical place to put styling information, however as it is metadata and is discriptive... besides it would be nice to do this while prototyping - (especially being able to apply class styles and extending it further - to generate .Less files would really be cool! more to the point I would hate to write it, if its already been done ;). Any links/pointers/idea's would be appreciated. Thanks,

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  • How do I return pure XML from asmx web service?

    - by User
    I want an asmx webservice with a method GetPeople() that returns the following XML (NOT a SOAP response): <People> <Person> <FirstName>Sara</FirstName> <LastName>Smith</LastName> </Person> <Person> <FirstName>Bill</FirstName> <LastName>Wilson</LastName> </Person> <People/> How can I do this?

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  • toString() Method question

    - by cdominguez13
    I've been working on this assignemnt here's code: public class Student { private String fname; private String lname; private String studentId; private double gpa; public Student(String studentFname,String studentLname,String stuId,double studentGpa) { fname = studentFname; lname = studentLname; studentId = stuId; gpa = studentGpa; } public double getGpa() { return gpa; } public String getStudentId() { return studentId; } public String getName() { return lname + ", " + fname; } public void setGpa(double gpaReplacement) { if (gpaReplacement >= 0.0 && gpaReplacement <= 4.0) gpa = gpaReplacement; else System.out.println("Invalid GPA! Please try again."); System.exit(0); } } Now I need to create a toString() method that returns a String formatted something like this: Name: Wilson, Mary Ann ID number: 12345 GPA: 3.5

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  • How do I resize a flat vector icon so that it preserves hard edges in Photoshop (CS4)

    - by Adam Singer
    I recently purchased Drew Wilson's Pictos icon library. It is a library of flat, monochromatic icons for use on the web and elsewhere. The only issue is: they're vectors. I know my way around Illustrator a little bit, but ultimately I want to import these icons into Photoshop and resize to various dimensions. The problem I'm having: when I import an icon and resize it to, say, 20x20 pixels, I notice that there is a fair bit of aliasing around the edges of the icon. I'm sure there is some magic number where the edges of these icons will remain crisp, but I can't find any option or setting that will allow me to size these icons properly. Is there a way in Photoshop to snap these icons to the closest size that removes or minimizes the aliasing?

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  • Updating a SharePoint master page via a solution (WSP)

    - by Kelly Jones
    In my last blog post, I wrote how to deploy a SharePoint theme using Features and a solution package.  As promised in that post, here is how to update an already deployed master page. There are several ways to update a master page in SharePoint.  You could upload a new version to the master page gallery, or you could upload a new master page to the gallery, and then set the site to use this new page.  Manually uploading your master page to the master page gallery might be the best option, depending on your environment.  For my client, I did these steps in code, which is what they preferred. (Image courtesy of: http://www.joiningdots.net/blog/2007/08/sharepoint-and-quick-launch.html ) Before you decide which method you need to use, take a look at your existing pages.  Are they using the SharePoint dynamic token or the static token for the master page reference?  The wha, huh? SO, there are four ways to tell an .aspx page hosted in SharePoint which master page it should use: “~masterurl/default.master” – tells the page to use the default.master property of the site “~masterurl/custom.master” – tells the page to use the custom.master property of the site “~site/default.master” – tells the page to use the file named “default.master” in the site’s master page gallery “~sitecollection/default.master” – tells the page to use the file named “default.master” in the site collection’s master page gallery For more information about these tokens, take a look at this article on MSDN. Once you determine which token your existing pages are pointed to, then you know which file you need to update.  So, if the ~masterurl tokens are used, then you upload a new master page, either replacing the existing one or adding another one to the gallery.  If you’ve uploaded a new file with a new name, you’ll just need to set it as the master page either through the UI (MOSS only) or through code (MOSS or WSS Feature receiver code – or using SharePoint Designer). If the ~site or ~sitecollection tokens were used, then you’re limited to either replacing the existing master page, or editing all of your existing pages to point to another master page.  In most cases, it probably makes sense to just replace the master page. For my project, I’m working with WSS and the existing pages are set to the ~sitecollection token.  Based on this, I decided to just upload a new version of the existing master page (and not modify the dozens of existing pages). Also, since my client prefers Features and solutions, I created a master page Feature and a corresponding Feature Receiver.  For information on creating the elements and feature files, check out this post: http://sharepointmagazine.net/technical/development/deploying-the-master-page . This works fine, unless you are overwriting an existing master page, which was my case.  You’ll run into errors because the master page file needs to be checked out, replaced, and then checked in.  I wrote code in my Feature Activated event handler to accomplish these steps. Here are the steps necessary in code: Get the file name from the elements file of the Feature Check out the file from the master page gallery Upload the file to the master page gallery Check in the file to the master page gallery Here’s the code in my Feature Receiver: 1: public override void FeatureActivated(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties) 2: { 3: try 4: { 5:   6: SPElementDefinitionCollection col = properties.Definition.GetElementDefinitions(System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture); 7:   8: using (SPWeb curweb = GetCurWeb(properties)) 9: { 10: foreach (SPElementDefinition ele in col) 11: { 12: if (string.Compare(ele.ElementType, "Module", true) == 0) 13: { 14: // <Module Name="DefaultMasterPage" List="116" Url="_catalogs/masterpage" RootWebOnly="FALSE"> 15: // <File Url="myMaster.master" Type="GhostableInLibrary" IgnoreIfAlreadyExists="TRUE" 16: // Path="MasterPages/myMaster.master" /> 17: // </Module> 18: string Url = ele.XmlDefinition.Attributes["Url"].Value; 19: foreach (System.Xml.XmlNode file in ele.XmlDefinition.ChildNodes) 20: { 21: string Url2 = file.Attributes["Url"].Value; 22: string Path = file.Attributes["Path"].Value; 23: string fileType = file.Attributes["Type"].Value; 24:   25: if (string.Compare(fileType, "GhostableInLibrary", true) == 0) 26: { 27: //Check out file in document library 28: SPFile existingFile = curweb.GetFile(Url + "/" + Url2); 29:   30: if (existingFile != null) 31: { 32: if (existingFile.CheckOutStatus != SPFile.SPCheckOutStatus.None) 33: { 34: throw new Exception("The master page file is already checked out. Please make sure the master page file is checked in, before activating this feature."); 35: } 36: else 37: { 38: existingFile.CheckOut(); 39: existingFile.Update(); 40: } 41: } 42:   43: //Upload file to document library 44: string filePath = System.IO.Path.Combine(properties.Definition.RootDirectory, Path); 45: string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(filePath); 46: char slash = Convert.ToChar("/"); 47: string[] folders = existingFile.ParentFolder.Url.Split(slash); 48:   49: if (folders.Length > 2) 50: { 51: Logger.logMessage("More than two folders were detected in the library path for the master page. Only two are supported.", 52: Logger.LogEntryType.Information); //custom logging component 53: } 54:   55: SPFolder myLibrary = curweb.Folders[folders[0]].SubFolders[folders[1]]; 56:   57: FileStream fs = File.OpenRead(filePath); 58:   59: SPFile newFile = myLibrary.Files.Add(fileName, fs, true); 60:   61: myLibrary.Update(); 62: newFile.CheckIn("Updated by Feature", SPCheckinType.MajorCheckIn); 63: newFile.Update(); 64: } 65: } 66: } 67: } 68: } 69: } 70: catch (Exception ex) 71: { 72: string msg = "Error occurred during feature activation"; 73: Logger.logException(ex, msg, ""); 74: } 75:   76: } 77:   78: /// <summary> 79: /// Using a Feature's properties, get a reference to the Current Web 80: /// </summary> 81: /// <param name="properties"></param> 82: public SPWeb GetCurWeb(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties) 83: { 84: SPWeb curweb; 85:   86: //Check if the parent of the web is a site or a web 87: if (properties != null && properties.Feature.Parent.GetType().ToString() == "Microsoft.SharePoint.SPWeb") 88: { 89:   90: //Get web from parent 91: curweb = (SPWeb)properties.Feature.Parent; 92: 93: } 94: else 95: { 96: //Get web from Site 97: using (SPSite cursite = (SPSite)properties.Feature.Parent) 98: { 99: curweb = (SPWeb)cursite.OpenWeb(); 100: } 101: } 102:   103: return curweb; 104: } This did the trick.  It allowed me to update my existing master page, through an easily repeatable process (which is great when you are working with more than one environment and what to do things like TEST it!).  I did run into what I would classify as a strange issue with one of my subsites, but that’s the topic for another blog post.

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  • Authenticating clients in the new WCF Http stack

    - by cibrax
    About this time last year, I wrote a couple of posts about how to use the “Interceptors” from the REST starker kit for implementing several authentication mechanisms like “SAML”, “Basic Authentication” or “OAuth” in the WCF Web programming model. The things have changed a lot since then, and Glenn finally put on our hands a new version of the Web programming model that deserves some attention and I believe will help us a lot to build more Http oriented services in the .NET stack. What you can get today from wcf.codeplex.com is a preview with some cool features like Http Processors (which I already discussed here), a new and improved version of the HttpClient library, Dependency injection and better TDD support among others. However, the framework still does not support an standard way of doing client authentication on the services (This is something planned for the upcoming releases I believe). For that reason, moving the existing authentication interceptors to this new programming model was one of the things I did in the last few days. In order to make authentication simple and easy to extend,  I first came up with a model based on what I called “Authentication Interceptors”. An authentication interceptor maps to an existing Http authentication mechanism and implements the following interface, public interface IAuthenticationInterceptor{ string Scheme { get; } bool DoAuthentication(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpResponseMessage response, out IPrincipal principal);} An authentication interceptors basically needs to returns the http authentication schema that implements in the property “Scheme”, and implements the authentication mechanism in the method “DoAuthentication”. As you can see, this last method “DoAuthentication” only relies on the HttpRequestMessage and HttpResponseMessage classes, making the testing of this interceptor very simple (There is no need to do some black magic with the WCF context or messages). After this, I implemented a couple of interceptors for supporting basic authentication and brokered authentication with SAML (using WIF) in my services. The following code illustrates how the basic authentication interceptors looks like. public class BasicAuthenticationInterceptor : IAuthenticationInterceptor{ Func<UsernameAndPassword, bool> userValidation; string realm;  public BasicAuthenticationInterceptor(Func<UsernameAndPassword, bool> userValidation, string realm) { if (userValidation == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("userValidation");  if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(realm)) throw new ArgumentNullException("realm");  this.userValidation = userValidation; this.realm = realm; }  public string Scheme { get { return "Basic"; } }  public bool DoAuthentication(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpResponseMessage response, out IPrincipal principal) { string[] credentials = ExtractCredentials(request); if (credentials.Length == 0 || !AuthenticateUser(credentials[0], credentials[1])) { response.StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized; response.Content = new StringContent("Access denied"); response.Headers.WwwAuthenticate.Add(new AuthenticationHeaderValue("Basic", "realm=" + this.realm));  principal = null;  return false; } else { principal = new GenericPrincipal(new GenericIdentity(credentials[0]), new string[] {});  return true; } }  private string[] ExtractCredentials(HttpRequestMessage request) { if (request.Headers.Authorization != null && request.Headers.Authorization.Scheme.StartsWith("Basic")) { string encodedUserPass = request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter.Trim();  Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("iso-8859-1"); string userPass = encoding.GetString(Convert.FromBase64String(encodedUserPass)); int separator = userPass.IndexOf(':');  string[] credentials = new string[2]; credentials[0] = userPass.Substring(0, separator); credentials[1] = userPass.Substring(separator + 1);  return credentials; }  return new string[] { }; }  private bool AuthenticateUser(string username, string password) { var usernameAndPassword = new UsernameAndPassword { Username = username, Password = password };  if (this.userValidation(usernameAndPassword)) { return true; }  return false; }} This interceptor receives in the constructor a callback in the form of a Func delegate for authenticating the user and the “realm”, which is required as part of the implementation. The rest is a general implementation of the basic authentication mechanism using standard http request and response messages. I also implemented another interceptor for authenticating a SAML token with WIF. public class SamlAuthenticationInterceptor : IAuthenticationInterceptor{ SecurityTokenHandlerCollection handlers = null;  public SamlAuthenticationInterceptor(SecurityTokenHandlerCollection handlers) { if (handlers == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("handlers");  this.handlers = handlers; }  public string Scheme { get { return "saml"; } }  public bool DoAuthentication(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpResponseMessage response, out IPrincipal principal) { SecurityToken token = ExtractCredentials(request);  if (token != null) { ClaimsIdentityCollection claims = handlers.ValidateToken(token);  principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(claims);  return true; } else { response.StatusCode = HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized; response.Content = new StringContent("Access denied");  principal = null;  return false; } }  private SecurityToken ExtractCredentials(HttpRequestMessage request) { if (request.Headers.Authorization != null && request.Headers.Authorization.Scheme == "saml") { XmlTextReader xmlReader = new XmlTextReader(new StringReader(request.Headers.Authorization.Parameter));  var col = SecurityTokenHandlerCollection.CreateDefaultSecurityTokenHandlerCollection(); SecurityToken token = col.ReadToken(xmlReader);  return token; }  return null; }}This implementation receives a “SecurityTokenHandlerCollection” instance as part of the constructor. This class is part of WIF, and basically represents a collection of token managers to know how to handle specific xml authentication tokens (SAML is one of them). I also created a set of extension methods for injecting these interceptors as part of a service route when the service is initialized. var basicAuthentication = new BasicAuthenticationInterceptor((u) => true, "ContactManager");var samlAuthentication = new SamlAuthenticationInterceptor(serviceConfiguration.SecurityTokenHandlers); // use MEF for providing instancesvar catalog = new AssemblyCatalog(typeof(Global).Assembly);var container = new CompositionContainer(catalog);var configuration = new ContactManagerConfiguration(container); RouteTable.Routes.AddServiceRoute<ContactResource>("contact", configuration, basicAuthentication, samlAuthentication);RouteTable.Routes.AddServiceRoute<ContactsResource>("contacts", configuration, basicAuthentication, samlAuthentication); In the code above, I am injecting the basic authentication and saml authentication interceptors in the “contact” and “contacts” resource implementations that come as samples in the code preview. I will use another post to discuss more in detail how the brokered authentication with SAML model works with this new WCF Http bits. The code is available to download in this location.

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  • Scheduling thread tiles with C++ AMP

    - by Daniel Moth
    This post assumes you are totally comfortable with, what some of us call, the simple model of C++ AMP, i.e. you could write your own matrix multiplication. We are now ready to explore the tiled model, which builds on top of the non-tiled one. Tiling the extent We know that when we pass a grid (which is just an extent under the covers) to the parallel_for_each call, it determines the number of threads to schedule and their index values (including dimensionality). For the single-, two-, and three- dimensional cases you can go a step further and subdivide the threads into what we call tiles of threads (others may call them thread groups). So here is a single-dimensional example: extent<1> e(20); // 20 units in a single dimension with indices from 0-19 grid<1> g(e);      // same as extent tiled_grid<4> tg = g.tile<4>(); …on the 3rd line we subdivided the single-dimensional space into 5 single-dimensional tiles each having 4 elements, and we captured that result in a concurrency::tiled_grid (a new class in amp.h). Let's move on swiftly to another example, in pictures, this time 2-dimensional: So we start on the left with a grid of a 2-dimensional extent which has 8*6=48 threads. We then have two different examples of tiling. In the first case, in the middle, we subdivide the 48 threads into tiles where each has 4*3=12 threads, hence we have 2*2=4 tiles. In the second example, on the right, we subdivide the original input into tiles where each has 2*2=4 threads, hence we have 4*3=12 tiles. Notice how you can play with the tile size and achieve different number of tiles. The numbers you pick must be such that the original total number of threads (in our example 48), remains the same, and every tile must have the same size. Of course, you still have no clue why you would do that, but stick with me. First, we should see how we can use this tiled_grid, since the parallel_for_each function that we know expects a grid. Tiled parallel_for_each and tiled_index It turns out that we have additional overloads of parallel_for_each that accept a tiled_grid instead of a grid. However, those overloads, also expect that the lambda you pass in accepts a concurrency::tiled_index (new in amp.h), not an index<N>. So how is a tiled_index different to an index? A tiled_index object, can have only 1 or 2 or 3 dimensions (matching exactly the tiled_grid), and consists of 4 index objects that are accessible via properties: global, local, tile_origin, and tile. The global index is the same as the index we know and love: the global thread ID. The local index is the local thread ID within the tile. The tile_origin index returns the global index of the thread that is at position 0,0 of this tile, and the tile index is the position of the tile in relation to the overall grid. Confused? Here is an example accompanied by a picture that hopefully clarifies things: array_view<int, 2> data(8, 6, p_my_data); parallel_for_each(data.grid.tile<2,2>(), [=] (tiled_index<2,2> t_idx) restrict(direct3d) { /* todo */ }); Given the code above and the picture on the right, what are the values of each of the 4 index objects that the t_idx variables exposes, when the lambda is executed by T (highlighted in the picture on the right)? If you can't work it out yourselves, the solution follows: t_idx.global       = index<2> (6,3) t_idx.local          = index<2> (0,1) t_idx.tile_origin = index<2> (6,2) t_idx.tile             = index<2> (3,1) Don't move on until you are comfortable with this… the picture really helps, so use it. Tiled Matrix Multiplication Example – part 1 Let's paste here the C++ AMP matrix multiplication example, bolding the lines we are going to change (can you guess what the changes will be?) 01: void MatrixMultiplyTiled_Part1(vector<float>& vC, const vector<float>& vA, const vector<float>& vB, int M, int N, int W) 02: { 03: 04: array_view<const float,2> a(M, W, vA); 05: array_view<const float,2> b(W, N, vB); 06: array_view<writeonly<float>,2> c(M, N, vC); 07: parallel_for_each(c.grid, 08: [=](index<2> idx) restrict(direct3d) { 09: 10: int row = idx[0]; int col = idx[1]; 11: float sum = 0.0f; 12: for(int i = 0; i < W; i++) 13: sum += a(row, i) * b(i, col); 14: c[idx] = sum; 15: }); 16: } To turn this into a tiled example, first we need to decide our tile size. Let's say we want each tile to be 16*16 (which assumes that we'll have at least 256 threads to process, and that c.grid.extent.size() is divisible by 256, and moreover that c.grid.extent[0] and c.grid.extent[1] are divisible by 16). So we insert at line 03 the tile size (which must be a compile time constant). 03: static const int TS = 16; ...then we need to tile the grid to have tiles where each one has 16*16 threads, so we change line 07 to be as follows 07: parallel_for_each(c.grid.tile<TS,TS>(), ...that means that our index now has to be a tiled_index with the same characteristics as the tiled_grid, so we change line 08 08: [=](tiled_index<TS, TS> t_idx) restrict(direct3d) { ...which means, without changing our core algorithm, we need to be using the global index that the tiled_index gives us access to, so we insert line 09 as follows 09: index<2> idx = t_idx.global; ...and now this code just works and it is tiled! Closing thoughts on part 1 The process we followed just shows the mechanical transformation that can take place from the simple model to the tiled model (think of this as step 1). In fact, when we wrote the matrix multiplication example originally, the compiler was doing this mechanical transformation under the covers for us (and it has additional smarts to deal with the cases where the total number of threads scheduled cannot be divisible by the tile size). The point is that the thread scheduling is always tiled, even when you use the non-tiled model. But with this mechanical transformation, we haven't gained anything… Hint: our goal with explicitly using the tiled model is to gain even more performance. In the next post, we'll evolve this further (beyond what the compiler can automatically do for us, in this first release), so you can see the full usage of the tiled model and its benefits… Comments about this post by Daniel Moth welcome at the original blog.

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  • Best Practices for Building a Virtualized SPARC Computing Environment

    - by Scott Elvington
    Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} Oracle just published Best Practices for Building a Virtualized SPARC Computing Environment, a white paper that provides guidance on the complete hardware and software stack for deploying and managing your physical and virtual SPARC infrastructure. The solution is based on Oracle SPARC T4 servers, Oracle Solaris 11 with Oracle VM for SPARC 2.2, Sun ZFS storage appliances, Sun 10GbE 72 port switches and Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center 12c. The paper emphasizes the value and importance of planning the resources (compute, network and storage) that will comprise the virtualized environment to achieve the desired capacity, performance and availability characteristics. The document also details numerous operational best practices that will help you deliver on those characteristics with unique capabilities provided by Enterprise Manager Ops Center including policy-based guest placement, pool resource balancing and automated guest recovery in the event of server failure. Plenty of references to supplementary documentation are included to help point you to additional resources. Whether you’re building the first stages of your private cloud or a general-purpose virtualized SPARC computing environment, these documented best practices will help ensure success. Please join Phil Bullinger and Steve Wilson from Oracle to learn more about breakthrough efficiency in private cloud infrastructure and how SPARC based virtualization can help you get started on your cloud journey. Stay Connected: Twitter |  Face book |  You Tube |  Linked in |  Newsletter

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