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  • Can I disable Pam Loginuid? Can I find out options used to configure kernel?

    - by dunxd
    I am getting a lot of the following types of error in my secure log on a CentOS 5.4 server: crond[10445]: pam_loginuid(crond:session): set_loginuid failed opening loginuid sshd[10473]: pam_loginuid(sshd:session): set_loginuid failed opening loginuid I've seen discussion of this being caused when using a non-standard kernel without the correct CONFIG_AUDIT and CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL options set. Where this is the case, it is advised to comment out some lines in the pam.d config files. I am running a Virtual Private Server where I need to use the kernel provided by the supplier. Is there a way to find out what options they used to configure the kernel? I want to verify if the above is the cause. If this turns out not to be the cause, what are the risk of disabling pam_loginuid for crond and sshd?

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  • Is transmitted bytes event exist in Linux kernel?

    - by alnet
    I need to write a rate limiter, that will perform some stuff each time X bytes were transmitted. The straightforward is to check the length of each transmitted packet, but I think it will be to slow for me. Is there a way to use some king of network event, that will be triggered by transmitted packets/bytes?

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  • How should I capture Linux kernel panic stack traces?

    - by Alnitak
    What's current best practice to capture full kernel stack traces on a Linux system (RHEL 5.x, kernel 2.6.18) that occasionally panics in a device driver? I'm used to the "old" SunOS way of doing things - crash dumps get written to swap, and on reboot the dump gets retrieved in the local file system. man 8 crash refers to diskdump, but that appears to be unsupported. and/or deprecated. I've played with kdump, but it's unclear whether I can get a stack trace from that. Triggering a panic via Magic SysRq didn't create one. It also seems wasteful to reserve so much memory (128MB) just for a kexec crash recovery kernel.

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  • [FreeBSD kernel ]How to maintain a linked list on kernel lever?

    - by Andy Leman
    The situation is: I will implement sets of new system calls. Each of them need to access (read or write) a linked list. So, that means I will have several C programs. So, how can I maintain a linked list in memory and let several programs access it? Or,this is wrong....I should save it as a file? (but I hardly think this is a good idea).. A lot of confused questions here...Need help. Thank you indeed!

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  • Resources for writing kernel in C

    - by anon
    I don't want to write my own boot loader -- happy to use Grub. I just want to implement pre-emptive multi threading, a basic file system, and virtual memory. I want something that can run on top of qemu. What's a good resource (book / tutorial) for accomplishing this goal? Thanks!

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  • For kernel/OS is C still it

    - by Recursion
    I like operating systems and would eventually like to become a OS developer mostly working on kernels. In the future will C still be the language of choice and what else should I be trying to learn.

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  • How should I configure grub for booting linux kernel from a USB hard drive?

    - by skolima
    I have a laptop hard drive in an external enclosure which I use as a large pendrive. For an added twist, I have installed Linux on it, so I can boot any machine with my distribution of choice (e.g. for data recovery or repairing a b0rked system or just using a borrowed laptop without destroying the preinstalled Windows). The problem is that, depending on the hardware configuration, the USB hard drive may be visible under different paths. For grub configuration I just use (hda0,0) as it is relative to the device the grub was launched from. I have UUID entries in /etc/fstab. I also specify rootwait in the kernel parameters so that it waits for the USB subsystem to settle down before trying to mount the device. What should I pass to the kernel as root= ? Currently boot from the pendrive once, check the debug messages to see what /dev/sdX device has been assigned to the USB drive by the kernel, then reboot and edit the grub configuration. I can't change anything on the PC besides enabling Boot from USB hard drive in BIOS and setting it to higher priority than internal hard drives. There are various initrd generating scripts which include support for UUID in root device path, unfortunately the Gentoo native one (genkernel) does not support rootwait and I had no luck trying to use others. The boot process goes like this (it is quite similar in Windows): The BIOS chooses the boot device and loads whatever is its MBR (which happens to be grub stage-1). Grub loads it's configuration and stage-2 files from device it has set as root, using (hd0) for the device it was loaded from by BIOS. Grub loads and starts a kernel (still the same numbering, so I can use (hd0,0) again ). Kernel initializes all built-in devices (rootwait does it's magic now). Kernel mounts the partition it was passed as root (this is a kernel parameter, not grub parameter). init.d starts the userland booting process, including mounting things from /etc/fstab. Part 5 is the one giving me problems.

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  • Cinnamon is broken after upgrade to 13.10

    - by user2306488
    I see reports of people with Unity broken after upgrading to 13.10. In my case Unity works fine but cinnamon is broken. It opens the startup applications but no window manager, no menus and the keyboad shortcuts won't work. As a consequence I can't even log out or shut down cleanly. The logs say: Oct 19 10:32:42 Aveline colord: Profile added: icc-1727cc5030c477b20ad75593e757248d Oct 19 10:32:43 Aveline gnome-session[9157]: WARNING: App 'cinnamon.desktop' exited with code 1 Oct 19 10:32:43 Aveline gnome-session[9157]: WARNING: App 'cinnamon.desktop' respawning too quickly Oct 19 10:32:43 Aveline gnome-session[9157]: CRITICAL: We failed, but the fail whale is dead. Sorry.... Oct 19 10:32:43 Aveline gnome-session[9157]: WARNING: App 'cinnamon.desktop' exited with code 1 Oct 19 10:32:46 Aveline whoopsie[1054]: online Oct 19 10:32:53 whoopsie[1054]: last message repeated 12 times Oct 19 10:32:53 Aveline kernel: [ 1982.637049] python[9626]: segfault at 1511 ip b6c9e850 sp bf8d0980 error 4 in libglib-2.0.so.0.3800.0[b6c5b000+102000] Oct 19 10:32:53 Aveline kernel: [ 1982.837527] python[9631]: segfault at 0 ip b6eb13fa sp b69ff848 error 6 in libdbus-1.so.3.7.4[b6e89000+49000] Oct 19 10:32:54 Aveline kernel: [ 1983.030271] python[9634]: segfault at a6f4098b ip b6e52389 sp bfcdad68 error 4 in libdbus-1.so.3.7.4[b6e34000+49000] Oct 19 10:32:54 Aveline kernel: [ 1983.253259] python[9639]: segfault at 4 ip b6e710f4 sp b69c1bfc error 6 in libdbus-1.so.3.7.4[b6e4b000+49000] Oct 19 10:32:54 Aveline kernel: [ 1983.501771] python[9642]: segfault at b4 ip b6e0f076 sp bf82524c error 4 in libdbus-1.so.3.7.4[b6dfd000+49000] Oct 19 10:32:54 Aveline kernel: [ 1983.721334] python[9647]: segfault at 4 ip b6eab0f4 sp b69fbbfc error 6 in libdbus-1.so.3.7.4[b6e85000+49000] Any idea?

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  • Unable to start VMWare Workstation after upgrade to 13.04

    - by pst007x
    After upgrading to 13.04 I am unable to start VMWorkstation. I get the following message: Before you can run VMware, several modules must be compiled and loaded into the running kernel. Kernel Headers 3.8.0-19-generic Kernel headers for version 3.8.0-19-generic were not found. If you have installed them in a non-default path you can specify the path below. Does anyone have any idea what to do next? Ubuntu 13.04 64bit If I direct the path to: /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-19-generic I get the following message: C header files matching your running kernel were not found. Thanks Additional: As suggested I run this in terminal: cd /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include/linux sudo ln -s ../generated/utsrelease.h sudo ln -s ../generated/autoconf.h sudo ln -s ../generated/uapi/linux/version.h However, now I get the following: Before you can run VMware, several modules must be compiled and loaded into the kernel CANCEL / INSTALL I INSTALL, the window closes and nothing happens.... Any ideas? ADDITIONAL: I installed this: sudo apt-get install open-vm-tools open-vm-tools-dev open-vm-dkms open-vm-toolbox open-vm-tools-dev And it all launched... Many thanks for the suggestions and help... This is what I love about Ubuntu... it has a great helpful community... ! Note: Also found this which may help others too: HERE ADDITIONAL ERROR: Could not open /dev/vmmon: Is a directory. Please make sure that the kernel module `vmmon' is loaded. Failed to initialize monitor device. Monitor settings all greyed out RESOLUTION: Re-installation of Nvidia Drivers

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  • How do I fix my ethernet card losing network connection every few minutes with kernels 3.8.x?

    - by igoryonya
    I'm using Ubuntu 13.04. My laptop is Acer Aspire one 722-c58rr, and my ethernet card works for a few seconds at a time with kernels 3.8.x, however, kernels 3.5.x and below worked fine. On kernels 3.8.x, it works fine after boot for about a minute, then it looses network connection. When pinging to some address, it says: network address is unreachable, but it can ping it's own address. The address is statically configured. Everything was working fine before. I went to vacation, where I used WiFi and 3G connections, so I didn't notice that the problem occurred. Came back home, plugged in into the ethernet. It worked for a minute then stopped. Rebooting commutator fixed the problem. Tried to connect to a different commutator, same problem. Unplugging and plugging the cable fixes the problem for another minute. Disconnecting eth in Network manager and reconnecting it again, does the same thing. WiFi has no such problem. Tried to use a different cable that works fine on another computer, the same problem. Tried to boot with the lower kernel version, the same problem was happening until I got to the version 3.5 of the kernel series. Everything works fine on the kernel 3.5.x, but I don't want to miss out on the new kernel's features. Executing commands, when booted with 3.8 kernel series, give the following results: lspci| grep -i eth: 06:00.0 Ethernet controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR8152 v2.0 Fast Ethernet (rev c1) dmesg| grep eth1: [ 89.548291] atl1c 0000:06:00.0: atl1c: eth1 NIC Link is Up How do I fix it, while staying in the new kernel version?

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  • Unable to install ZFS (Ubuntu 13.10)

    - by user209707
    I'm fairly new to Ubuntu and wanted to setup a server running ZFS/XBMC - The XBMC install went fine, however I ran into trouble getting ZFS working. Configuration : Ubuntu 13.10 (GNU/Linux 3.12.0-rc7+ x86_64) I attempted to install ZFS native using : sudo add-apt-repository ppa:zfs-native/stable sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install ubuntu-zfs This failed to install due to "Module build for the currently running kernel was skipped since the kernel source for this kernel does not seem to be installed." Trying sudo modprobe zfs shows FATAL error : module not found. Here, they mentioned it was to do with lacking build dependences- I followed the answer which was to run sudo apt-get remove --purge ubuntu-zfs zfs-dkms zfsutils spl spl-dkms libzfs1 dkms Then, REBOOT. Then, do: sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic build-essentia sudo apt-get install ubuntu-zfs " This leaves me in the same situation with "Building only for 3.12.0-rc7+ Module build for the currently running kernel was skipped since the kernel source for this kernel does not seem to be installed." when trying to install ubuntu-zfs. Trying sudo apt-get install --reinstall zfs-dkms also does not work.

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  • Python - problem in importing new module - libgmail

    - by Microkernel
    Hi all, I downloaded Python module libgmail from sourceforge and extracted all the files in the archive. The archive had setup.py, so I went to that directory in command prompt and did setup.py install I am getting the following error message I:\libgmail-0.1.11>setup.py install Traceback (most recent call last): File "I:\libgmail-0.1.11\setup.py", line 7, in ? import libgmail File "I:\libgmail-0.1.11\libgmail.py", line 36, in ? import mechanize as ClientCookie ImportError: No module named mechanize This may be trivial, but I am new to python. So plz guide what to do. please note, I am using python 2.4 and using Windows-XP. Thank you MicroKernel

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  • Error after installing Classified Ad Module on Drupal 7

    - by Ams
    Hello, i just installed Classified Ad but after the installation i get this error: Notice: Undefined index: type in ed_classified_form_alter() (line 218 of /home3/amineamm/public_html/chrini/sites/all/modules/ed_classified/ed_classified.module). When i look up at the php code i can't figure out how to correct it. Here is my code: function ed_classified_form_alter(&$form, $form_state, $form_id) { module_load_include('inc', 'ed_classified', 'ed_classified_utils'); if ($form['type']['#value'] == EDI_CLASSIFIED_MODULE_NAME) { if ($form_id == 'ed_classified_node_form' && $form['attachments'] && _ed_classified_variable_get('alter_attachment_text', EDI_CLASSIFIED_VAR_DEF_ALTER_ATTACHMENT_TEXT) ) { // Don't allow the attachments block to be collapsed. $form['attachments']['#collapsed']=FALSE; $form['attachments']['#collapsible']=FALSE; // Enhance the help for classified ads. // NOTE: this is appropriate for the upload_image module enhancements only! $form['attachments']['#title']=t('Photo Attachments'); $form['attachments']['#description']= _ed_classified_variable_get('alter_attachment_text_description', t(EDI_CLASSIFIED_VAR_DEF_ALTER_ATTACHMENT_TEXT_DESCRIPTION)); } } } Any suggestion ?

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  • A metaphor for Drupal module's inner workings

    - by PHP thinker
    What is the best application workflow metaphor for Drupal module? In PHP frameworks we think MVC-style. How do we think inside Drupal? Asumming I am writing some user-oriented module like Shop, Catalog or Forum. As far as I understand there are no or few MVC based modules. Should I generally treat Drupal modules (as sub-application) as a number of screens connected via forms and hyperlinks or there is a better way. My question may be a little bit speculative, but I hope someone will share my intent to think models, not just "scripts".

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  • Automatically enabling an output filter in Apache module

    - by Chris
    I am developing a module for Apache which contains an output filter that I would like to always be invoked so that it can determine whether to process the request data or just pass the data along. Since I would like the module to be compatible with Apache 2.0 as well as 2.2, I do not want to use mod_filter. Ideally I would like to do this without having to explicitly enable the filter through the httpd.conf file, but I have so far not been able to find any example of this. Is this at all possible? Can someone please point me to a suitable example?

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  • Permission Problem While Installing Module With CPAN

    - by neversaint
    I tried to following module using CPAN, but the message I get is the "I have neither the -x permission ..." . How can I resolve that? cpan[3]> install List::MoreUtils is it OK to try to connect to the Internet? [yes] Fetching with LWP: http://www.perl.org/CPAN/authors/id/V/VP/VPARSEVAL/List-MoreUtils-0.22.tar.gz CPAN: Digest::SHA loaded ok (v5.48) Fetching with LWP: http://www.perl.org/CPAN/authors/id/V/VP/VPARSEVAL/CHECKSUMS Checksum for /home/ewijaya/.cpan/sources/authors/id/V/VP/VPARSEVAL/List-MoreUtils-0.22.tar.gz ok Scanning cache /home/neversaint/.cpan/build for sizes .....I have neither the -x permission nor the permission to change the permission; cannot estimate disk usage of '/home/neversaint/.cpan/build/Module-Build-0.3607-Kvb1Vq' .I have neither the -x permission nor the permission to change the permission; cannot estimate disk usage of '/home/neversaint/.cpan/build/ExtUtils-ParseXS-2.2205-zuX4x2' ^CCaught SIGINT, trying to continue

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  • Send instance method to module

    - by Matchu
    Given the following module, module Foo def bar :baz end end def send_to_foo(method) # ...? end send_to_foo(:bar) # => :baz What code should go in send_to_foo to make the last line work as expected? (send_to_foo is obviously not how I would implement this; it just makes clearer what I'm looking for.) I expected Foo.send(:bar) to work at first, but it makes sense that it doesn't. It would if the method were defined as def self.bar, but that's no fun.

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  • Importing a function/class from a Python module of the same name

    - by Brendan
    I have a Python package mymodule with a sub-package utils (i.e. a subdirectory which contains modules each with a function). The functions have the same name as the file/module in which they live. I would like to be able to access the functions as follows, from mymodule.utils import a_function Strangely however, sometimes I can import functions using the above notation, however other times I cannot. I have not been able to work out why though (recently, for example, I renamed a function and the file it was in and reflected this rename in the utils.__init__.py file but it no longer imported as a functions (rather as a module) in one of my scripts. The utils.__init__.py reads something like, __all__ = ['a_function', 'b_function' ...] from a_function import a_function from b_function import b_function ... mymodule.__init__.py has no reference to utils Ideas?

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  • Drupal 6 - Including a module form in a view

    - by espais
    I'm making use of the Favorites module, in order to allow my users to favorite nodes they like. Currently, I know that there is a block available for listing out the favorites, along with the 'Add to favorites' button at the top of this list. What I'd like to do is generate the form which includes the button, and include it within each node that I generate. I'd gotten it hacked up and quickly working by copying the generated form and placing it in my views-view--fields-.tpl.php template, however I believe that doing it this way goes against the thought behind Drupal, and probably introduces security issues with the form_id and form_token being hand-written. I've attempted to call the get_form function, and have passed it the form_id that I found in the generated form code, however I can't get Drupal to recognize it. From some Googling I've noticed that generating module forms programmatically may require a hook, but I haven't been able to find any good examples of this. What is the best way to go about creating this form?

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  • Drupal OAuth Service Module

    - by user470714
    I am trying to do some research into potentially setting up an existing Drupal site with user accounts/login page to also be an OAuth service provider, basically authenticating users to make calls with a web service. I am looking for a Drupal module which will give this functionality. Most of what I run into are OAuth consumer modules, which is not what I want in this case. I've found a few modules which I think might do this for me, but the module descriptions are generally pretty vague and don't have much of a user base which doesn't inspire much confidence. Has anyone else done this before? What are the best modules available for doing this?

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