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• Is it possible to command a common router without using the web interface?

  - by MDeSchaepmeester

  Some background The internet arrangement in my student home is really weird. There is one ethernet outlet and several wifi hotspots. Either way requires a login through a web site to get internet access. This is annoying as each device needs to login seperately and with a PS3 for example, it is impossible to get connected at all since the web login procedure doesn't work. Therefore I have installed a D-Link DIR-635 router which is connected to the ethernet outlet. It has DHCP enabled so it uses NAT, but whatever it is connected to also uses NAT and I've read this should not work. A fellow student tried it with an Apple Airport but that keeps giving errors related to NAT after NAT. Anyway my setup does work so bonus points if you can clarify this. I need to login to the web site I mentioned earlier with any device, after which all devices in my LAN have connectivity. This is great. Except... In short From time to time, I lose internet connectivity and my D-Link DIR-635 router needs to do a DHCP renew. I can do this via the web interface but my life would be easier if I could just run a cmd file which tells my router to do this without all the hassle. This would setup a connection to my router and execute the proper command. I have tried googling but couldn't find much helpful stuff.

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• Odd one: IE6 showing the "view source" command enabled when I was expecting it to be disabled.

  - by caerphilly

  Hi, OK, I admit this problem is odd. I'm just trying to understand why IE is behaving the way it is. I realise that logic may not apply here :) I have Internet Explorer 6 (Sp1) running on Windows 2000. The IE option "Do not store encrypted pages to disk" is checked (enabled). The temporary internet files folder is empty. TEMP and TMP environment variables are set to valid folders. I'm connected to a web server over SSL. The web server is serving a page over SSL with the HTTP cache-control header set to "no-cache, no-store". I was expecting the "view source" command to be greyed out in this circumstance (as it is on another machine). But it works. When I "view source", I get an entry in the Temporary Internet Files folder with an "internet address" property of "view-source:https://myserver/...." and the content of the page. I wasn't expecting that. I can't understand why one machine is different to another in this regard. Obviously there is some environment/setup difference, but I can't track it down. Anyone have any bright ideas?

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• Can you explain how to understand what the 'iwconfig' command displays in Ubuntu-9.04?

  - by Shawn

  I'm having trouble making my wireless connection work, and I realized I don't really know how to use the tools I have, in this case, the iwconfig command in Ubuntu-9.04. Here is what I get: ***iwconfig*** - lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. wmaster0 no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"Network" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.412 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry min limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr=2352 B Power Management:off Link Quality:0 Signal level:0 Noise level:0 Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 vboxnet0 no wireless extensions. pan0 no wireless extensions. "Network" is the name of my wireless network, btw. But what does this all mean? How can this information help me aquire a working wireless connection? When I try associating a key using sudo iwconfig wlan0 key s:my_key I get the following error message: Error for wireless request "Set Encode" (8B2A) : SET failed on device wlan0 ; Invalid argument. I do have the right key though, so what's the problem?

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• Can you explain how to understand what the 'iwconfig' command displays in Ubuntu-9.04?

  - by Shawn

  I'm having trouble making my wireless connection work, and I realized I don't really know how to use the tools I have, in this case, the iwconfig command in Ubuntu-9.04. Here is what I get: ***iwconfig*** - lo no wireless extensions. eth0 no wireless extensions. wmaster0 no wireless extensions. wlan0 IEEE 802.11bgn ESSID:"Network" Mode:Managed Frequency:2.412 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=20 dBm Retry min limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr=2352 B Power Management:off Link Quality:0 Signal level:0 Noise level:0 Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 vboxnet0 no wireless extensions. pan0 no wireless extensions. "Network" is the name of my wireless network, btw. But what does this all mean? How can this information help me aquire a working wireless connection? When I try associating a key using sudo iwconfig wlan0 key s:my_key I get the following error message: Error for wireless request "Set Encode" (8B2A) : SET failed on device wlan0 ; Invalid argument. I do have the right key though, so what's the problem?

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• DTracing TCP congestion control

  - by user12820842

  In a previous post, I showed how we can use DTrace to probe TCP receive and send window events. TCP receive and send windows are in effect both about flow-controlling how much data can be received - the receive window reflects how much data the local TCP is prepared to receive, while the send window simply reflects the size of the receive window of the peer TCP. Both then represent flow control as imposed by the receiver. However, consider that without the sender imposing flow control, and a slow link to a peer, TCP will simply fill up it's window with sent segments. Dealing with multiple TCP implementations filling their peer TCP's receive windows in this manner, busy intermediate routers may drop some of these segments, leading to timeout and retransmission, which may again lead to drops. This is termed congestion, and TCP has multiple congestion control strategies. We can see that in this example, we need to have some way of adjusting how much data we send depending on how quickly we receive acknowledgement - if we get ACKs quickly, we can safely send more segments, but if acknowledgements come slowly, we should proceed with more caution. More generally, we need to implement flow control on the send side also. Slow Start and Congestion Avoidance From RFC2581, let's examine the relevant variables: "The congestion window (cwnd) is a sender-side limit on the amount of data the sender can transmit into the network before receiving an acknowledgment (ACK). Another state variable, the slow start threshold (ssthresh), is used to determine whether the slow start or congestion avoidance algorithm is used to control data transmission" Slow start is used to probe the network's ability to handle transmission bursts both when a connection is first created and when retransmission timers fire. The latter case is important, as the fact that we have effectively lost TCP data acts as a motivator for re-probing how much data the network can handle from the sending TCP. The congestion window (cwnd) is initialized to a relatively small value, generally a low multiple of the sending maximum segment size. When slow start kicks in, we will only send that number of bytes before waiting for acknowledgement. When acknowledgements are received, the congestion window is increased in size until cwnd reaches the slow start threshold ssthresh value. For most congestion control algorithms the window increases exponentially under slow start, assuming we receive acknowledgements. We send 1 segment, receive an ACK, increase the cwnd by 1 MSS to 2*MSS, send 2 segments, receive 2 ACKs, increase the cwnd by 2*MSS to 4*MSS, send 4 segments etc. When the congestion window exceeds the slow start threshold, congestion avoidance is used instead of slow start. During congestion avoidance, the congestion window is generally updated by one MSS for each round-trip-time as opposed to each ACK, and so cwnd growth is linear instead of exponential (we may receive multiple ACKs within a single RTT). This continues until congestion is detected. If a retransmit timer fires, congestion is assumed and the ssthresh value is reset. It is reset to a fraction of the number of bytes outstanding (unacknowledged) in the network. At the same time the congestion window is reset to a single max segment size. Thus, we initiate slow start until we start receiving acknowledgements again, at which point we can eventually flip over to congestion avoidance when cwnd ssthresh. Congestion control algorithms differ most in how they handle the other indication of congestion - duplicate ACKs. A duplicate ACK is a strong indication that data has been lost, since they often come from a receiver explicitly asking for a retransmission. In some cases, a duplicate ACK may be generated at the receiver as a result of packets arriving out-of-order, so it is sensible to wait for multiple duplicate ACKs before assuming packet loss rather than out-of-order delivery. This is termed fast retransmit (i.e. retransmit without waiting for the retransmission timer to expire). Note that on Oracle Solaris 11, the congestion control method used can be customized. See here for more details. In general, 3 or more duplicate ACKs indicate packet loss and should trigger fast retransmit . It's best not to revert to slow start in this case, as the fact that the receiver knew it was missing data suggests it has received data with a higher sequence number, so we know traffic is still flowing. Falling back to slow start would be excessive therefore, so fast recovery is used instead. Observing slow start and congestion avoidance The following script counts TCP segments sent when under slow start (cwnd ssthresh). #!/usr/sbin/dtrace -s #pragma D option quiet tcp:::connect-request / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 0/ { start[args[1]-cs_cid] = 1; } tcp:::send / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 1 && args[3]-tcps_cwnd tcps_cwnd_ssthresh / { @c["Slow start", args[2]-ip_daddr, args[4]-tcp_dport] = count(); } tcp:::send / start[args[1]-cs_cid] == 1 && args[3]-tcps_cwnd args[3]-tcps_cwnd_ssthresh / { @c["Congestion avoidance", args[2]-ip_daddr, args[4]-tcp_dport] = count(); } As we can see the script only works on connections initiated since it is started (using the start[] associative array with the connection ID as index to set whether it's a new connection (start[cid] = 1). From there we simply differentiate send events where cwnd ssthresh (congestion avoidance). Here's the output taken when I accessed a YouTube video (where rport is 80) and from an FTP session where I put a large file onto a remote system. # dtrace -s tcp_slow_start.d ^C ALGORITHM RADDR RPORT #SEG Slow start 10.153.125.222 20 6 Slow start 138.3.237.7 80 14 Slow start 10.153.125.222 21 18 Congestion avoidance 10.153.125.222 20 1164 We see that in the case of the YouTube video, slow start was exclusively used. Most of the segments we sent in that case were likely ACKs. Compare this case - where 14 segments were sent using slow start - to the FTP case, where only 6 segments were sent before we switched to congestion avoidance for 1164 segments. In the case of the FTP session, the FTP data on port 20 was predominantly sent with congestion avoidance in operation, while the FTP session relied exclusively on slow start. For the default congestion control algorithm - "newreno" - on Solaris 11, slow start will increase the cwnd by 1 MSS for every acknowledgement received, and by 1 MSS for each RTT in congestion avoidance mode. Different pluggable congestion control algorithms operate slightly differently. For example "highspeed" will update the slow start cwnd by the number of bytes ACKed rather than the MSS. And to finish, here's a neat oneliner to visually display the distribution of congestion window values for all TCP connections to a given remote port using a quantization. In this example, only port 80 is in use and we see the majority of cwnd values for that port are in the 4096-8191 range. # dtrace -n 'tcp:::send { @q[args[4]-tcp_dport] = quantize(args[3]-tcps_cwnd); }' dtrace: description 'tcp:::send ' matched 10 probes ^C 80 value ------------- Distribution ------------- count -1 | 0 0 |@@@@@@ 5 1 | 0 2 | 0 4 | 0 8 | 0 16 | 0 32 | 0 64 | 0 128 | 0 256 | 0 512 | 0 1024 | 0 2048 |@@@@@@@@@ 8 4096 |@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ 23 8192 | 0

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• Checking who is connected to your server, with PowerShell.

  - by Fatherjack

  There are many occasions when, as a DBA, you want to see who is connected to your SQL Server, along with how they are connecting and what sort of activities they are carrying out. I’m going to look at a couple of ways of getting this information and compare the effort required and the results achieved of each. SQL Server comes with a couple of stored procedures to help with this sort of task – sp_who and its undocumented counterpart sp_who2. There is also the pumped up version of these called sp_whoisactive, written by Adam Machanic which does way more than these procedures. I wholly recommend you try it out if you don’t already know how it works. When it comes to serious interrogation of your SQL Server activity then it is absolutely indispensable. Anyway, back to the point of this blog, we are going to look at getting the information from sp_who2 for a remote server. I wrote this Powershell script a week or so ago and was quietly happy with it for a while. I’m relatively new to Powershell so forgive both my rather low threshold for entertainment and the fact that something so simple is a moderate achievement for me. $Server = 'SERVERNAME' $SMOServer = New-Object Microsoft.SQLServer.Management.SMO.Server $Server # connection and query stuff         $ConnectionStr = "Server=$Server;Database=Master;Integrated Security=True" $Query = "EXEC sp_who2" $Connection = new-object system.Data.SQLClient.SQLConnection $Table = new-object "System.Data.DataTable" $Connection.connectionstring = $ConnectionStr try{ $Connection.open() $Command = $Connection.CreateCommand() $Command.commandtext = $Query $result = $Command.ExecuteReader() $Table.Load($result) } catch{ # Show error $error[0] | format-list -Force } $Title = "Data access processes (" + $Table.Rows.Count + ")" $Table | Out-GridView -Title $Title $Connection.close() So this is pretty straightforward, create an SMO object that represents our chosen server, define a connection to the database and a table object for the results when we get them, execute our query over the connection, load the results into our table object and then, if everything is error free display these results to the PowerShell grid viewer. The query simply gets the results of ‘EXEC sp_who2′ for us. Depending on how many connections there are will influence how long the query runs. The grid viewer lets me sort and search the results so it can be a pretty handy way to locate troublesome connections. Like I say, I was quite pleased with this, it seems a pretty simple script and was working well for me, I have added a few parameters to control the output and give me more specific details but then I see a script that uses the $SMOServer object itself to provide the process information and saves having to define the connection object and query specifications. $Server = 'SERVERNAME' $SMOServer = New-Object Microsoft.SQLServer.Management.SMO.Server $Server $Processes = $SMOServer.EnumProcesses() $Title = "SMO processes (" + $Processes.Rows.Count + ")" $Processes | Out-GridView -Title $Title Create the SMO object of our server and then call the EnumProcesses method to get all the process information from the server. Staggeringly simple! The results are a little different though. Some columns are the same and we can see the same basic information so my first thought was to which runs faster – so that I can get my results more quickly and also so that I place less stress on my server(s). PowerShell comes with a great way of testing this – the Measure-Command function. All you have to do is wrap your piece of code in Measure-Command {[your code here]} and it will spit out the time taken to execute the code. So, I placed both of the above methods of getting SQL Server process connections in two Measure-Command wrappers and pressed F5! The Powershell console goes blank for a while as the code is executed internally when Measure-Command is used but the grid viewer windows appear and the console shows this. You can take the output from Measure-Command and format it for easier reading but in a simple comparison like this we can simply cross refer the TotalMilliseconds values from the two result sets to see how the two methods performed. The query execution method (running EXEC sp_who2 ) is the first set of timings and the SMO EnumProcesses is the second. I have run these on a variety of servers and while the results vary from execution to execution I have never seen the SMO version slower than the other. The difference has varied and the time for both has ranged from sub-second as we see above to almost 5 seconds on other systems. This difference, I would suggest is partly due to the cost overhead of having to construct the data connection and so on where as the SMO EnumProcesses method has the connection to the server already in place and just needs to call back the process information. There is also the difference in the data sets to consider. Let’s take a look at what we get and where the two methods differ Query execution method (sp_who2) SMO EnumProcesses Description - Urn What looks like an XML or JSON representation of the server name and the process ID SPID Spid The process ID Status Status The status of the process Login Login The login name of the user executing the command HostName Host The name of the computer where the  process originated BlkBy BlockingSpid The SPID of a process that is blocking this one DBName Database The database that this process is connected to Command Command The type of command that is executing CPUTime Cpu The CPU activity related to this process DiskIO - The Disk IO activity related to this process LastBatch - The time the last batch was executed from this process. ProgramName Program The application that is facilitating the process connection to the SQL Server. SPID1 - In my experience this is always the same value as SPID. REQUESTID - In my experience this is always 0 - Name In my experience this is always the same value as SPID and so could be seen as analogous to SPID1 from sp_who2 - MemUsage An indication of the memory used by this process but I don’t know what it is measured in (bytes, Kb, Mb…) - IsSystem True or False depending on whether the process is internal to the SQL Server instance or has been created by an external connection requesting data. - ExecutionContextID In my experience this is always 0 so could be analogous to REQUESTID from sp_who2. Please note, these are my own very brief descriptions of these columns, detail can be found from MSDN for columns in the sp_who results here http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-GB/library/ms174313.aspx. Where the columns are common then I would use that description, in other cases then the information returned is purely for interpretation by the reader. Rather annoyingly both result sets have useful information that the other doesn’t. sp_who2 returns Disk IO and LastBatch information which is really useful but the SMO processes method give you IsSystem and MemUsage which have their place in fault diagnosis methods too. So which is better? On reflection I think I prefer to use the sp_who2 method primarily but knowing that the SMO Enumprocesses method is there when I need it is really useful and I’m sure I’ll use it regularly. I’m OK with the fact that it is the slower method because Measure-Command has shown me how close it is to the other option and that it really isn’t a large enough margin to matter.

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• I have a problem with a TextBox in an application... A window has a Grid with two columns. The left

  - by haagel

  I have a problem with a TextBox in an application... A window has a Grid with two columns. The left column contains a control with a constant width but with a height that adapts. The right column contains a TextBox that takes up all remaining space in the Grid (and thereby in the Window). The Grid is given a minimal width and height and is wrapped within a ScrollViewer. If the user resizes the window to be smaller than the minimal widht/height of the Grid, scrollbars are displayed. This is exactly how I want it to be. However, a problem occurs when the user starts typing text. If the text is to long to fit in one line in the TextBox, I want the text to wrap. Therefore I set TextWrapping="Wrap" on the TextBox. But since the TextBox has an automatic width and is wrapped in a ScrollViewer (its actually the whole Grid that is wrapped), the TextBox just keeps expanding to the right. I do want the TextBox to expand if the window is expanded, but I don't want the TextBox to expand by the text. Rather the text should wrap inside the available TextBox. If the text don't fit within the TextBox height, a scrollbar should be displayed within the TextBox. Is there a way to accomplish this? Below is some code that shows my problem. <Window x:Class="AdaptingTextBoxes.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="MainWindow" Height="300" Width="400" Background="DarkCyan"> <Grid Margin="10" Name="LayoutRoot"> <ScrollViewer HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto"> <Grid MinWidth="300" MinHeight="200"> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="auto" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="*" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <Button Grid.Column="0" Margin="0,0,10,0" Content="Button" Width="100" /> <TextBox Grid.Column="1" AcceptsReturn="True" TextWrapping="Wrap" ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled" ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" /> </Grid> </ScrollViewer> </Grid> </Window>

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• How to Add a Note to an Email Message in Outlook 2013

  - by Lori Kaufman

  There may be times when you want to add a note to an email message you received. Maybe you need to remember something about the sender or the contents of the email. There are several ways to add a note to an email message. NOTE: You can also create a new task containing an email message you received. This is useful if you need to do something related to the email. The new task will contain all the contents (except attachments) from the email. One method of adding a note to an email message is to flag the message. To do this, right-click on the flag icon in the flag column for the message to which you want to add a note. Select Custom from the popup menu. On the Custom dialog box, you can select a ready-made note from the Flag to drop-down list. You can also type a custom note in the Flag to edit box. Select a Start date and a Due date and setup a reminder, if desired. Click OK. The flag displays above the body of the email message when you double-click on the message to open it in the Message window. You can also put the cursor in the subject line of the message and add text to it, as shown below. When you close the message window, a confirmation dialog box displays asking if you want to save your changes. To save the note you added to the subject line, click Yes. Your note displays as part of the subject line on the message in your list of email messages. You can also add a note to the body of an email message. To do this, you must enable editing of the message. Double-click the message to open the Message window. Click Actions in the Move section of the Message tab and select Edit Message from the drop-down menu. Click in the body of the message and type your note. When you close the Message window, a confirmation dialog box displays asking if you want to save your changes. Click Yes to save you note in the body of the email. You can see the note you added if it is visible as part of the first line of the body displayed in the list of email messages. Use the Notes section of Outlook to create a separate note you can attach to an email message. To do this, click the … button on the Navigation Bar and select Notes from the popup menu. Click New Note on the Home tab of the Notes window (or press Ctrl + N) to create a note. Enter the text for your note in the small note window that displays and click the X button to close the note, saving it. To attach the note to the email message, make sure the Mail section of Outlook is active. Double-click on the message onto which you want to attach the note. Leaving the Message window open, go back to the main Outlook window and select Notes from the Navigation Bar, as mentioned above. Drag the note you created to the message window. The note is added to the message as an attachment. When you close the Message window, a confirmation dialog box displays asking if you want to save your changes. To save the message with your note added as an attachment, click Yes. A paperclip icon is added to the message in the list of email messages, indicating there is an attachment in the message. When you add a note to an email message as an attachment using the Notes section of Outlook, you don’t have to keep the original note. The note is now saved with the message, and can be deleted from the Notes section.     

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• Copy New Files Only in .NET

  - by psheriff

  Recently I had a client that had a need to copy files from one folder to another. However, there was a process that was running that would dump new files into the original folder every minute or so. So, we needed to be able to copy over all the files one time, then also be able to go back a little later and grab just the new files. After looking into the System.IO namespace, none of the classes within here met my needs exactly. Of course I could build it out of the various File and Directory classes, but then I remembered back to my old DOS days (yes, I am that old!). The XCopy command in DOS (or the command prompt for you pure Windows people) is very powerful. One of the options you can pass to this command is to grab only newer files when copying from one folder to another. So instead of writing a ton of code I decided to simply call the XCopy command using the Process class in .NET. The command I needed to run at the command prompt looked like this: XCopy C:\Original\*.* D:\Backup\*.* /q /d /y What this command does is to copy all files from the Original folder on the C drive to the Backup folder on the D drive. The /q option says to do it quitely without repeating all the file names as it copies them. The /d option says to get any newer files it finds in the Original folder that are not in the Backup folder, or any files that have a newer date/time stamp. The /y option will automatically overwrite any existing files without prompting the user to press the "Y" key to overwrite the file. To translate this into code that we can call from our .NET programs, you can write the CopyFiles method presented below. C# using System.Diagnostics public void CopyFiles(string source, string destination){  ProcessStartInfo si = new ProcessStartInfo();  string args = @"{0}\*.* {1}\*.* /q /d /y";   args = string.Format(args, source, destination);   si.FileName = "xcopy";  si.Arguments = args;  Process.Start(si);} VB.NET Imports System.Diagnostics Public Sub CopyFiles(source As String, destination As String)  Dim si As New ProcessStartInfo()  Dim args As String = "{0}\*.* {1}\*.* /q /d /y"   args = String.Format(args, source, destination)   si.FileName = "xcopy"  si.Arguments = args  Process.Start(si)End Sub The CopyFiles method first creates a ProcessStartInfo object. This object is where you fill in name of the command you wish to run and also the arguments that you wish to pass to the command. I created a string with the arguments then filled in the source and destination folders using the string.Format() method. Finally you call the Start method of the Process class passing in the ProcessStartInfo object. That's all there is to calling any command in the operating system. Very simple, and much less code than it would have taken had I coded it using the various File and Directory classes. Good Luck with your Coding,Paul Sheriff ** SPECIAL OFFER FOR MY BLOG READERS **Visit http://www.pdsa.com/Event/Blog for a free video on Silverlight entitled Silverlight XAML for the Complete Novice - Part 1.  

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• Hopping/Tumbling Windows Could Introduce Latency.

  This is a pre-article to one I am going to be writing on adjusting an event’s time and duration to satisfy business process requirements but it is one that I think is really useful when understanding the way that Hopping/Tumbling windows work within StreamInsight.  A Tumbling window is just a special shortcut version of  a Hopping window where the width of the window is equal to the size of the hop Here is the simplest and often used definition for a Hopping Window.  You can find them all here public static CepWindowStream<CepWindow<TPayload>> HoppingWindow<TPayload>(     this CepStream<TPayload> source,     TimeSpan windowSize,     TimeSpan hopSize,     WindowInputPolicy inputPolicy,     HoppingWindowOutputPolicy outputPolicy )   And here is the definition for a Tumbling Window public static CepWindowStream<CepWindow<TPayload>> TumblingWindow<TPayload>(     this CepStream<TPayload> source,     TimeSpan windowSize,     WindowInputPolicy inputPolicy,     HoppingWindowOutputPolicy outputPolicy )   These methods allow you to group events into windows of a temporal size.  It is a really useful and simple feature in StreamInsight.  One of the downsides though is that the windows cannot be flushed until an event in a following window occurs.  This means that you will potentially never see some events or see them with a delay.  Let me explain. Remember that a stream is a potentially unbounded sequence of events. Events in StreamInsight are given a StartTime.  It is this StartTime that is used to calculate into which temporal window an event falls.  It is best practice to assign a timestamp from the source system and not one from the system clock on the processing server.  StreamInsight cannot know when a window is over.  It cannot tell whether you have received all events in the window or whether some events have been delayed which means that StreamInsight cannot flush the stream for you.   Imagine you have events with the following Timestamps 12:10:10 PM 12:10:20 PM 12:10:35 PM 12:10:45 PM 11:59:59 PM And imagine that you have defined a 1 minute Tumbling Window over this stream using the following syntax var HoppingStream = from shift in inputStream.TumblingWindow(TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1),HoppingWindowOutputPolicy.ClipToWindowEnd) select new WindowCountPayload { CountInWindow = (Int32)shift.Count() };   The events between 12:10:10 PM and 12:10:45 PM will not be seen until the event at 11:59:59 PM arrives.  This could be a real problem if you need to react to windows promptly This can always be worked around by using a different design pattern but a lot of the examples I see assume there is a constant, very frequent stream of events resulting in windows always being flushed. Further examples of using windowing in StreamInsight can be found here

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• In WPF, how do I get a command in a Control Template to bind to a property in a parent?

  - by Keith

  I am relatively new to WPF and sometimes it makes my head explode. However, I do like the power behind it, especially when used with the MVVM model. I have a control template that contains a button. I use that control template inside of a custom control. I want to add a property on the custom control that will bind to the command property of the button inside the control template. Basically, it is a combo box with a button to the right of it to allow a user to pop up a search dialog. Since this control could appear on a usercontrol multiple times, I need to be able to potentially bind each control to a different command (Searh products, search customers, etc). However, I have been unable to figure out how to do this Here is some sample XAML <Style TargetType="{x:Type m:SelectionFieldControl}"> <Setter Property="LookupTemplate" Value="{StaticResource LookupTemplate}" /> <Setter Property="Template"> <Setter.Value> <ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type m:SelectionFieldControl}"> <Border BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding Border.BorderThickness}" Padding="{TemplateBinding Control.Padding}" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding Border.BorderBrush}" Background="{TemplateBinding Panel.Background}" SnapsToDevicePixels="True" Focusable="False"> <Grid> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" MinWidth="0" SharedSizeGroup="{Binding LabelShareSizeGroupName, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type m:BaseFieldControl}}}" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="1*" /> <ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" SharedSizeGroup="{Binding WidgetsShareSizeGroupName, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type m:BaseFieldControl}}}" /> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <!-- Customized Value Part --> <ComboBox x:Name="PART_Value" Grid.Column="1" Margin="4,2,0,1" SelectedValue="{Binding Path=SelectionField.Value, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type m:SelectionFieldControl}}}" IsEnabled="{Binding Field.IsNotReadOnly, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type m:SelectionFieldControl}}}" Visibility="{Binding Field.IsInEditMode, Converter={StaticResource TrueToVisible}, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type m:SelectionFieldControl}}}" FontFamily="{StaticResource FontFamily_Default}" FontSize="11px"> <ComboBox.ItemsPanel> <ItemsPanelTemplate> <VirtualizingStackPanel IsVirtualizing="True" VirtualizationMode="Recycling"/> </ItemsPanelTemplate> </ComboBox.ItemsPanel> </ComboBox> <StackPanel Grid.Column="2" Orientation="Horizontal" Name="PART_Extra" Focusable="False"> <ContentControl Name="PART_LookupContent" Template="{Binding LookupTemplate, RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type m:SelectionFieldControl}}}" Focusable="False"/> </StackPanel> </Grid> </Border> </ControlTemplate> </Setter.Value> </Setter> </Style> I thought I could get it to work by doing something like this <Button Command="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType={x:Type SelectionFieldControl}}, Path=ShowSearchCommand}" Margin="2" /> but it does not work. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• how to add a function to that program, and call that function from the command line in the function

  - by user336291

  a#include "smallsh.h" /*include file for example*/ /*program buffers and work pointers*/ static char inpbuf[MAXBUF], tokbuf[2*MAXBUF], *ptr = inpbuf, *tok = tokbuf; userin(p) /*print prompt and read a line*/ char *p; { int c, count; /*initialization for later routines*/ ptr = inpbuf; tok = tokbuf; /*display prompt*/ printf("%s ",p); for(count = 0;;) { if((c = getchar()) == EOF) return(EOF); if(count<MAXBUF) inpbuf[count++] = c; if(c == '\n' && count <MAXBUF) { inpbuf[count] = '\0'; return(count); } /*if line too long restart*/ if(c == '\n') { printf("smallsh:input line too long\n"); count = 0; printf("%s",p); } } } gettok(outptr) /*get token and place into tokbuf*/ char **outptr; { int type; *outptr = tok; /*strip white space*/ for(;*ptr == ' ' || *ptr == '\t'; ptr++) ; *tok++ = *ptr; switch(*ptr++) { case '\n': type = EOL; break; case '&': type = AMPERSAND; break; case ';': type = SEMICOLON; break; case '#': type = POUND; break; default: type = ARG; while(inarg(*ptr)) *tok++ = *ptr++; } *tok++ = '\0'; return(type); } static char special[]= {' ', '\t', '&', ':', '\n', '\0'}; inarg(c) /*are we in an ordinary argument*/ char c; { char *wrk; for(wrk = special;*wrk != '\0';wrk++) if(c == *wrk) return(0); return(1); } #include "smallsh.h" procline() /*process input line*/ { char *arg[MAXARG+1]; /*pointer array for runcommand*/ int toktype; /*type of token in command*/ int narg; /*number of arguments so far*/ int type; /*FOREGROUND or BACKGROUND*/ for(narg = 0;;) { /*loop FOREVER*/ /*take action according to token type*/ switch(toktype = gettok(&arg[narg])) { case ARG: if(narg<MAXARG) narg++; break; case EOL: case SEMICOLON: case AMPERSAND: case POUND: type = (toktype == AMPERSAND) ? BACKGROUND : FOREGROUND; if(narg!=0) { arg[narg] = NULL; runcommand(arg, type); } if((toktype == EOL)||(toktype=POUND)) return; narg = 0; break; } } } #include "smallsh.h" /*execute a command with optional wait*/ runcommand(cline,where) char **cline; int where; { int pid, exitstat, ret; if((pid = fork()) <0) { perror("smallsh"); return(-1); } if(pid == 0) { /*child*/ execvp(*cline, cline); perror(*cline); exit(127); } /*code for parent*/ /*if background process print pid and exit*/ if(where == BACKGROUND) { printf("[Process id %d]\n", pid); return(0); } /*wait until process pid exists*/ while( (ret=wait(&exitstat)) != pid && ret != -1) ; return(ret == -1 ? -1 : exitstat); } #include "smallsh.h" char *prompt = "Command>"; /*prompt*/ main() { while(userin(prompt) != EOF) procline(); }

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• Silverlight Commands Hacks: Passing EventArgs as CommandParameter to DelegateCommand triggered by Ev

  - by brainbox

  Today I've tried to find a way how to pass EventArgs as CommandParameter to DelegateCommand triggered by EventTrigger. By reverse engineering of default InvokeCommandAction I find that blend team just ignores event args.To resolve this issue I have created my own action for triggering delegate commands.public sealed class InvokeDelegateCommandAction : TriggerAction<DependencyObject>{    /// <summary>    ///     /// </summary>    public static readonly DependencyProperty CommandParameterProperty =        DependencyProperty.Register("CommandParameter", typeof(object), typeof(InvokeDelegateCommandAction), null);    /// <summary>    ///     /// </summary>    public static readonly DependencyProperty CommandProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(        "Command", typeof(ICommand), typeof(InvokeDelegateCommandAction), null);    /// <summary>    ///     /// </summary>    public static readonly DependencyProperty InvokeParameterProperty = DependencyProperty.Register(        "InvokeParameter", typeof(object), typeof(InvokeDelegateCommandAction), null);    private string commandName;    /// <summary>    ///     /// </summary>    public object InvokeParameter    {        get        {            return this.GetValue(InvokeParameterProperty);        }        set        {            this.SetValue(InvokeParameterProperty, value);        }    }    /// <summary>    ///     /// </summary>    public ICommand Command    {        get        {            return (ICommand)this.GetValue(CommandProperty);        }        set        {            this.SetValue(CommandProperty, value);        }    }    /// <summary>    ///     /// </summary>    public string CommandName    {        get        {            return this.commandName;        }        set        {            if (this.CommandName != value)            {                this.commandName = value;            }        }    }    /// <summary>    ///     /// </summary>    public object CommandParameter    {        get        {            return this.GetValue(CommandParameterProperty);        }        set        {            this.SetValue(CommandParameterProperty, value);        }    }    /// <summary>    ///     /// </summary>    /// <param name="parameter"></param>    protected override void Invoke(object parameter)    {        this.InvokeParameter = parameter;                if (this.AssociatedObject != null)        {            ICommand command = this.ResolveCommand();            if ((command != null) && command.CanExecute(this.CommandParameter))            {                command.Execute(this.CommandParameter);            }        }    }    private ICommand ResolveCommand()    {        ICommand command = null;        if (this.Command != null)        {            return this.Command;        }        var frameworkElement = this.AssociatedObject as FrameworkElement;        if (frameworkElement != null)        {            object dataContext = frameworkElement.DataContext;            if (dataContext != null)            {                PropertyInfo commandPropertyInfo = dataContext                    .GetType()                    .GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance)                    .FirstOrDefault(                        p =>                        typeof(ICommand).IsAssignableFrom(p.PropertyType) &&                        string.Equals(p.Name, this.CommandName, StringComparison.Ordinal)                    );                if (commandPropertyInfo != null)                {                    command = (ICommand)commandPropertyInfo.GetValue(dataContext, null);                }            }        }        return command;    }}Example:<ComboBox>    <ComboBoxItem Content="Foo option 1" />    <ComboBoxItem Content="Foo option 2" />    <ComboBoxItem Content="Foo option 3" />    <Interactivity:Interaction.Triggers>        <Interactivity:EventTrigger EventName="SelectionChanged" >            <Presentation:InvokeDelegateCommandAction                 Command="{Binding SubmitFormCommand}"                CommandParameter="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=InvokeParameter}" />        </Interactivity:EventTrigger>    </Interactivity:Interaction.Triggers>                </ComboBox>BTW: InvokeCommanAction CommandName property are trying to find command in properties of view. It very strange, because in MVVM pattern command should be in viewmodel supplied to datacontext.

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• Installing UCMA 3.0 and Creating a Communications Server "14"Trusted Application Pool

  A lot of setup and administration tasks have gotten a lot easier in Communications Server 14; one of them is building an application server to develop and run your UCMA 3.0 applications on. In this post, Ill walk you through installing the UCMA 3.0 Core SDK and creating a Trusted Application Pool on the server, thus adding it to the Communications Server 14 topology and allowing you to host and run UCMA 3.0 applications on it. Note: These instructions will change slightly as the bits get updated for the eventual Beta release I will update this post as soon as I get a chance to run this setup on a more recent build. Im doing the install on a simple Communications Server 14 topology consisting of the following Windows Server 2008 R2 Hyper-V images: DC Domain Controller ExchangeUM Exchange Server 2010 CS-SE Microsoft Communications Server 2010 Standard Edition TS Development machine Ill walk through setting up UCMA 3.0 on the TS VM, which is a fully patched Windows Server 2008 R2 machine that is joined to the Fabrikam domain.   Im also running Visual Studio 2010 on this VM because I intend to use it as a development machine.  In a future post, Ill walk through installing just the UCMA 3.0 run time to build a true production UCMA application server. Im making a couple of assumptions here: You have an existing CS 2010 site and cluster configured(well look at this in a future post) Youre starting with a fully patched Windows Server 2008 R2 machine The machine is joined to your domain This walkthrough was done in my Fabrikam VM environment but can easily be modified for your own environment. Installing the UCMA 3.0 SDK Lets start by installing the UCMA 3.0 SDK.  Run UcmaSdkWebDownload.msi to kick off the SDK installer package extract process. The installed package is extracted to C: >> Program Files >> Microsoft UCMA 3.0 >> SDK Installer Package.  Browse there and run setup.exe. Click Install to install the UCMA 3.0 Core SDK and Workflow SDK. Install Communications Server Core Components UCMA 3.0 introduces a new concept called Auto-provisioning, which is most easily explained from the developer point of view.  Remember what your app.config looked it in UCMA 2.0?  You had to store the application GRUU, the trusted contact SIP Uri, the port for your application, and the name of the certificate authority. Thats all gone with auto-provisioning all you need in your app.config is your ApplicationId, e.g.: urn:application:MyApplication. How does CS 2010 do this? All of the applications configuration data is associated with the applications id.  UCMA also queries a replicated copy of the Central Management Database to retrieve the applications configuration data and also the configuration data for any endpoints. In this step, well run Bootstrapper.exe to install the CS Core components, this checked for the following components and installs them if they are not already present: VcRedist Sqlexpress Sqlnativeclient Sqlbackcompat Ucmaredist OcsCore.msi Open a command window at C: >> Program Files >> Microsoft Communications Server 2010 >> Deployment and run the following command: Bootstrapper.exe /BootstrapReplica /MinCache /SourceDirectory:"%ProgramFiles%\Microsoft UCMA 3.0\SDK Installer Package\Prereq\BootstrapperCache" Create a New Trusted Application Pool The next step is to create a new trusted application pool for the new server.  Fire up the Communications Server Management Shell from Start >> Microsoft Communications Server 2010 >> Communications Server Management Shell and enter the following PowerShell command: New-CsTrustedApplicationPool -Identity <FQDN of Server> -Registrar <FQDN of CS Server> -Site <CS Site Name> Verify that the new server was added to the CS topology by running the following PowerShell command: (Get-CsTopology -AsXml).ToString() > Topology.xml This created a file called Topology.xml in the directory that you ran the command from.  Open the file and find the Clusters section and look for a node for the new server. The Cluster Fqdn is the name of your server, and note the name of the Site that this Cluster is a part of. <Cluster Fqdn="appsrv.fabrikam.com" RequiresReplication="true" RequiresSetup="true"> <ClusterId SiteId="UcMarketing2" Number="5" /> <Machine OrdinalInCluster="1" Fqdn="appsrv.fabrikam.com"> <NetInterface InterfaceSide="Primary" InterfaceNumber="1" IPAddress="0.0.0.0" /> </Machine> </Cluster> Configure CS Management Store Replication At this point, we have the CS Core components installed and the server configured as a trusted application pool.  We now need to set up replication so that the Central Management Store replicates down to the new server. From the Communications Server Management Shell, run the following PowerShell command to enable the Replica service on the new server: Enable-CSReplica The Replica service is enabled, but hasn't done anything yet. This can be verified by running the following PowerShell command to check the replication status for the various servers in the topology: Get-CSManagementStoreReplicationStatus You can see in the screenshot below that the UpToDate property of the new server is still False Run the following PowerShell command to force the replication to run: Invoke-CSManagementStoreReplicationStatus Run Get-CSManagementStoreReplicationStatus again to verify that the new service is now up to date Request and Set a New Certificate The last step in the process is to request a new certificate from the certificate authority on the domain and assign it to the new server. From the Communications Server Management Shell, run the following PowerShell command to request a new certificate: Request-CSCertificate -Action new -Type default -CA <Domain Controller FQDN>\<Certificate Authority> Setting the -Verbose switch on the cmdlet creates an Xml file with its output. Open the Xml file and copy the thumbprint of the generated certificate. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <Action Name="Request-CsCertificate" Time="20100512T212258"> <Action Name="Request-CsCertificate" Time="20100512T212258"> <Info Title="Connection" Time="20100512T212258">Data Source=(local)\rtclocal;Initial Catalog=xds;Integrated Security=True</Info> <Action Time="20100512T212258"> <Info Title="Certificate use" Time="20100512T212258">urn:certref:default</Info> <Info Title="Subject distinguished name" Time="20100512T212258">CN="appsrv2.fabrikam.com"</Info> <Info Time="20100512T212259">The certificate request is submitted to the Certification Authority dc.fabrikam.com\FabrikamCA.</Info> <Info Time="20100512T212259">The certificate was issued.</Info> <Info Time="20100512T212259">The certificate was imported with thumbprint AFC3C46E459C1A39AD06247676F3555826DBF705.</Info> <Complete Time="20100512T212259" /> </Action> <Info Title="command status" Time="20100512T212259">Command execution processing completed</Info> <Action Name="DeploymentXdsCmdlet.SaveCachedItems" Time="20100512T212259"> <Info Time="20100512T212259">0 updates</Info> <Complete Time="20100512T212259" /> </Action> <Info Title="command status" Time="20100512T212259">Command has completed</Info> </Action> </Action> Run the following PowerShell command to set the certificate: Set-CsCertificate -Type Default -Thumbprint <Thumbprint> Wrapping Up You now have a new UCMA 3.0 application server in your Communications Server 2010 server topology.  You can provision trusted applications and trusted application endpoints on the new server using the Communications Server 2010 Management Shell.  Well take a look at how to do that in another post. Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• How to get MSBuild Exec to run a java program?

  - by Vaccano

  I am trying to run a command line action in my Team Build (MSBuild). When I run it on the command line of the build machine it works fine. But when run in the build script I get a "exited with code 3". This is command that I am running: C:\Program Files\Wavelink\Avalanche\PackageBuilder.\jresdk\bin\java -classpath "WLUtil.jar;WLPackageBuilder.jar" com.wavelink.buildpkg.AvalanchePackageBuilder /build PackageName This command only works when run from the above directory (I have tried running it from c:\ with the full path at it fails). When I try to run it using ms build this is my statement: <PropertyGroup> <!--Working directory of the Package Builder Call--> <PkgBldWorkingDir>&quot;C:\Program Files\Wavelink\Avalanche\PackageBuilder&quot;</PkgBldWorkingDir> <!--Command line to run to make Package builder "go"--> <PkgBldRun>.\jresdk\bin\java&quot; -classpath &quot;WLUtil.jar;WLPackageBuilder.jar&quot; com.wavelink.buildpkg.AvalanchePackageBuilder</PkgBldRun> </PropertyGroup> <!--Run package builder command line to update the Ava File.--> <Exec ContinueOnError="true" WorkingDirectory="$(PackageBuilderWorkingDir)" Command="$(PkgBldRun) /build PackageName"/> As I said above this "exits with code 3". This is the full output: Task "Exec" Command: .\jresdk\bin\java -classpath "WLUtil.jar;WLPackageBuilder.jar" com.wavelink.buildpkg.AvalanchePackageBuilder /build PackageName The system cannot find the path specified. MSBUILD : warning MSB3073: The command ".\jresdk\bin\java -classpath "WLUtil.jar;WLPackageBuilder.jar" com.wavelink.buildpkg.AvalanchePackageBuilder /build PackageName" exited with code 3. The previous error was converted to a warning because the task was called with ContinueOnError=true. Build continuing because "ContinueOnError" on the task "Exec" is set to "true". Done executing task "Exec" -- FAILED. It says it can't find the file (who knows what file). I have tried it with and without the quotes (") in the working directory and with a full path as the command (gives the same error as when run on the command line). Any ideas on how to make this run a command line action in MS Build?

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• Run powershell commands in C#

  - by Ramnik

  RunspaceConfiguration psConfig = RunspaceConfiguration.Create(); Runspace psRunspace = RunspaceFactory.CreateRunspace(psConfig); psRunspace.Open(); using (Pipeline psPipeline = psRunspace.CreatePipeline()) { // Define the command to be executed in this pipeline Command command = new Command("Add-spsolution"); // Add a parameter to this command command.Parameters.Add("literalpath", @"c:\project3.wsp"); // Add this command to the pipeline psPipeline.Commands.Add(command); // Invoke the cmdlet try { Collection<PSObject> results = psPipeline.Invoke(); Label1.Text = "hi"+results.ToString(); // Process the results } catch (Exception exception) { Label1.Text = exception.ToString();// Process the exception here } } It is throwing the exception: System.Management.Automation.CommandNotFoundException: The term 'add-spsolution' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Any suggestions why?

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• Open layers multiple mouseover events for multiple markers

  - by Bren G.

  I have the following loop inside an function init(); which is executed "onload", I am having traouble attaching the mouseover event for each marker, the alert i always returns the value of the last loop/iteration? for(i=0; i<document.getElementById('departureSelect').options.length; i++){ var coords = eval(document.getElementById('departureSelect').options[i].value); if(i==0){ window['popup'+i] = new OpenLayers.Marker(new OpenLayers.LonLat(coords[0], coords[1]),icon); }else{ window['popup'+i] = new OpenLayers.Marker(new OpenLayers.LonLat(coords[0], coords[1]),icon.clone()); } window['z'+i] = new OpenLayers.Popup.Anchored(coords[2], new OpenLayers.LonLat(coords[0], coords[1]), new OpenLayers.Size(0,0), '<span class="country-label">' + coords[2] + '</span>', icon, false ); window['z'+i].autoSize = true; window['z'+i].setBorder('1px solid #888'); map.addPopup(window['z'+i]); window['z'+i].hide(); window['popup'+i].events.register('mouseover', window['popup'+i], function(e){ alert(i); // only returns loast iteration of i????? }); countries.addMarker(window['popup'+i]); }

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• [WPF] How to register to/listen to richtextbox command's?

  - by Liewe

  I'm creating a simple editor within our application using the WPF RichTextBox. Above it I've added the reguslar buttons like Bold, Italic, etc. These buttons use the RichTextBox's commands to set these properties, but next to these buttons, the commands also get send with CTRL+B, CTRL+I, etc. I want these buttons to represent the current state of the RichTextBox at the cursor. I already found out how to get this state and it works when I update this state on the SelectionChanged event. This event ofcourse isn't fired when Bold is toggled so there is no direct feedback. I would like to know if there is a way to listen to the commands being called, without affecting its original behaviour or some other ideas to solve my problems. I tried listening to the command the following way: CommandBinding boldBinding = new CommandBinding(EditingCommands.ToggleBold, CommandExecuted); _richTextBox.CommandBindings.Add(boldBinding); and private void CommandExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e) { UpdateProperties(); e.Handled = false; } This did update the properties, but the RichTextBox didn't seem to receive the command anymore. I also tried to make my own commands on the control containing the RichTextBox, but when CTRL+B is pressed when the RichTextBox has focus, the original RichTextBox commands are called instead of the new one. Many thanks in advance! Liewe

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• iptables syn flood countermeasure

  - by Penegal

  I'm trying to adjust my iptables firewall to increase the security of my server, and I found something a bit problematic here : I have to set INPUT policy to ACCEPT and, in addition, to have a rule saying iptables -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT. Here comes my script (launched manually for tests) : #!/bin/sh IPT=/sbin/iptables echo "Clearing firewall rules" $IPT -F $IPT -Z $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -Z $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -Z $IPT -X echo "Defining logging policy for dropped packets" $IPT -N LOGDROP $IPT -A LOGDROP -j LOG -m limit --limit 5/min --log-level debug --log-prefix "iptables rejected: " $IPT -A LOGDROP -j DROP echo "Setting firewall policy" $IPT -P INPUT DROP # Deny all incoming connections $IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT # Allow all outgoing connections $IPT -P FORWARD DROP # Deny all forwaring echo "Allowing connections from/to lo and incoming connections from eth0" $IPT -I INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $IPT -I OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT #$IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT echo "Setting SYN flood countermeasures" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp -i eth0 --syn -m limit --limit 100/second --limit-burst 200 -j LOGDROP echo "Allowing outgoing traffic corresponding to already initiated connections" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p ALL -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing incoming SSH" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -m recent --set --name SSH -j ACCEPT echo "Setting SSH bruteforce attacks countermeasures (deny more than 10 connections every 10 minutes)" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m recent --update --seconds 600 --hitcount 10 --rttl --name SSH -j LOGDROP echo "Allowing incoming traffic for HTTP, SMTP, NTP, PgSQL and SolR" $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 123 -i eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5433 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 5433 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 8983 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A INPUT -p udp --dport 8983 -i eth0.2654 -s 172.16.0.2 -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing outgoing traffic for ICMP, SSH, whois, SMTP, DNS, HTTP, PgSQL and SolR" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 43 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 80 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 5433 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 5433 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 8983 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT #$IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 8983 -o eth0 -d 176.31.236.101 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 5433 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 5433 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 8983 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p udp --sport 8983 -o eth0.2654 -j ACCEPT $IPT -A OUTPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT echo "Allowing outgoing FTP backup" $IPT -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 20:21 -o eth0 -d 91.121.190.78 -j ACCEPT echo "Dropping and logging everything else" $IPT -A INPUT -s 0/0 -j LOGDROP $IPT -A OUTPUT -j LOGDROP $IPT -A FORWARD -j LOGDROP echo "Firewall loaded." echo "Maintaining new rules for 3 minutes for tests" sleep 180 $IPT -nvL echo "Clearing firewall rules" $IPT -F $IPT -Z $IPT -t nat -F $IPT -t nat -Z $IPT -t mangle -F $IPT -t mangle -Z $IPT -X $IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT $IPT -P OUTPUT ACCEPT $IPT -P FORWARD ACCEPT When I launch this script (I only have a SSH access), the shell displays every message up to Maintaining new rules for 3 minutes for tests, the server is unresponsive during the 3 minutes delay and then resume normal operations. The only solution I found until now was to set $IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT and $IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT, but this configuration does not protect me of any attack, which is a great shame for a firewall. I suspect that the error comes from my script and not from iptables, but I don't understand what's wrong with my script. Could some do-gooder explain me my error, please? EDIT: here comes the result of iptables -nvL with the "accept all input" ($IPT -P INPUT ACCEPT and $IPT -I INPUT -i eth0 -j ACCEPT) solution : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 1 52 ACCEPT all -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x17/0x02 limit: avg 100/sec burst 200 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 state NEW recent: SET name: SSH side: source 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 recent: UPDATE seconds: 600 hit_count: 10 TTL-Match name: SSH side: source 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:123 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.2 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:8983 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 2 728 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:43 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 91.121.190.78 tcp dpts:20:21 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain LOGDROP (5 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 5/min burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix `iptables rejected: ' 0 0 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 EDIT #2 : I modified my script (policy ACCEPT, defining authorized incoming packets then logging and dropping everything else) to write iptables -nvL results to a file and to allow only 10 ICMP requests per second, logging and dropping everything else. The result proved unexpected : while the server was unavailable to SSH connections, even already established, I ping-flooded it from another server, and the ping rate was restricted to 10 requests per second. During this test, I also tried to open new SSH connections, which remained unanswered until the script flushed rules. Here comes the iptables stats written after these tests : Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 600 35520 ACCEPT all -- lo * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 6 360 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp flags:0x17/0x02 limit: avg 100/sec burst 200 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "w00tw00t.at.ISC.SANS." ALGO name bm TO 65535 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "Host: anoticiapb.com.br" ALGO name bm TO 65535 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 STRING match "Host: www.anoticiapb.com.br" ALGO name bm TO 65535 105 8820 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 10/sec burst 5 830 69720 LOGDROP icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 state NEW recent: SET name: SSH side: source 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 recent: UPDATE seconds: 600 hit_count: 10 TTL-Match name: SSH side: source 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:123 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0 * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:443 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 tcp spt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- eth0.2654 * 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0/0 udp spt:8983 16 1684 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 0 0 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 600 35520 ACCEPT all -- * lo 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 LOGDROP tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 owner UID match 33 0 0 LOGDROP udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 owner UID match 33 116 11136 ACCEPT all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:22 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:25 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:53 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:80 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:5433 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT udp -- * eth0.2654 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 udp dpt:8983 0 0 ACCEPT icmp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:43 0 0 ACCEPT tcp -- * eth0 0.0.0.0/0 91.121.190.18 tcp dpts:20:21 7 1249 LOGDROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Chain LOGDROP (11 references) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 35 3156 LOG all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 limit: avg 1/sec burst 5 LOG flags 0 level 7 prefix `iptables rejected: ' 859 73013 DROP all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 Here comes the log content added during this test : Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55666 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55667 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55668 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:51 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55669 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:52 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55670 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:54 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55671 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:58 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55672 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=6 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=7 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=8 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=9 Mar 28 09:52:59 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=59 Mar 28 09:53:00 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=152 Mar 28 09:53:01 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=246 Mar 28 09:53:02 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=339 Mar 28 09:53:03 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=432 Mar 28 09:53:04 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=524 Mar 28 09:53:05 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=617 Mar 28 09:53:06 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=711 Mar 28 09:53:07 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=804 Mar 28 09:53:08 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=176.31.236.101 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=84 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=63 ID=0 DF PROTO=ICMP TYPE=8 CODE=0 ID=7430 SEQ=897 Mar 28 09:53:16 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61402 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:19 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61403 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:21 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=64 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55674 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:25 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=61404 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57637 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=116 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55675 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=116 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55676 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:37 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55677 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:38 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55678 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:39 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55679 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:39 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5055 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:41 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55680 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:42 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5056 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:45 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:10:8c:cf:28:39:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=180 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=55681 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57504 DPT=22 WINDOW=501 RES=0x00 ACK PSH URGP=0 Mar 28 09:53:48 localhost kernel: iptables rejected: IN=eth0 OUT= MAC=00:25:90:54:d7:88:c0:62:6b:e3:5c:80:08:00 SRC=194.51.74.245 DST=176.31.238.3 LEN=60 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00 TTL=51 ID=5057 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=57638 DPT=22 WINDOW=5840 RES=0x00 SYN URGP=0 If I correctly interpreted these results, they say that ICMP rules were correctly interpreted by iptables, but SSH rules were not. This does not make any sense... Does somebody understand where my error comes from? EDIT #3 : After some more tests, I found out that commenting the SYN flood countermeasure removes the problem. I continue researches in this way but, meanwhile, if somebody sees my anti SYN flood rule error...

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• How to create an array of User Objects in Powerbuilder?

  - by TomatoSandwich

  The application has many different windows. One is a single 'row' window, which relates to a single row of data in a table, say 'Order'. Another is a 'multiple row' datawindow, where each row in the datawindow relates to a row in 'Order', used for spreadsheet-like data entry Functionality extentions have create a detail table, say 'Suppliers', where an order may require multiple suppliers to fill the order. Normally, suppliers are not required, because they are already in the warehouse (0), or there may need to be an order to a supplier to complete an order (1), or multiple suppliers may need to be contacted (more than one). As a single order is entered, once the items are entered, a User Object is populated depending on the status of the items in the warehouse. If required, this creates a 1-to-many relationship between the order and the "backorder". In the PB side, there is a single object uo_backorder which is created on the window, and is referenced by the window depending on the command (button popup, save, etc) I have been tasked to create the 'backorder' functionality on the spreadsheet-line window. Previously the default options for backorders were used when orders were created from the multiple-row window. A workaround already exists where unconfirmed orders could be opened in the single-row window, and the backorder information manipulated there. However, the userbase wants this functionality on the one window. Since the functionality of uo_backorder already exists, I assumed I could just copy the code from the single-order window, but create an array of uo_backorder objects to cope with multiple rows. I tried the following: forward .. type uo_backorder from popupdwpb within w_order_conv end type end forward global type w_order_conv from singleform .. uo_backorder uo_backorder end type type variables .. uo_backorder iuo_backorders[] end variables .. public function boolean iuo_backorders(); .. long ll_count ll_count = UpperBound(iuo_backorders[]) iuo_backorders[ll_count+1] = uo_backorder //THIS ISN'T RIGHT lb_ok = iuo_backorders[ll_count+1].init('w_backorder_popup', '', '', '', 'd_backorder_popup', sqlca, useTransObj()) return lb_ok end function .. <utility functions> .. type uo_backorder from popupdwpb within w_order_conv integer x = 28 integer y = 28 integer width ... end type on uo_backorder.destroy call popupdwpb::destroy end on The issue I face now is that the code commented "THIS ISN'T RIGHT" isn't correct. It is associating the visual object placed on the face of the main window to each array cell, so anytime I reference the array cell object it's actually referencing the one original object, not the new instances that I (thought) I was creating. If I change the code iuo_backorders[ll_count+1] = create uo_backorder the code doesn't run, saying that it failed to initalize the popup window. I think this is related to the class being called the same thing as the instance. What I want to end up with is an array of uo_backorder objects that I can associate to each row of my datawindow (first row = first cell, etc). I think the issue lays in the fact it's a visual object, and I can't seem to get the window to run without adding a dummy object on the face of the window (functionality from the original single-row window). Since it's a VISUAL object, does the object indeed need to be embedded on the windowface for the window to know what object I'm talking about? If so, how does one create multiple windowface objects (one to many, depending on when a row is added)? Don't hesitate to inquire regarding any more information this issue may require from myself. I have no idea what is 'standard' or 'default' in PB, or what is custom and needs more explaining.

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• Why does a user have to enter "Profile" data to enter data into other tables?

  - by Greg McNulty

  EDIT It appears the user has to enter some data for his profile, otherwise I get this error below. I guess if there is no profile data, the user can not continue to enter data in other tables by default? I do not want to make entering user profile data a requirement to use the rest of the sites functionality, how can I get around this? Currently I have been testing everything with the same user and everything has been working fine. However, when I created a new user for the very first time and tried to enter data into my custom table, I get the following error. The INSERT statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY constraint "FK_UserData_aspnet_Profile". The conflict occurred in database "C:\ISTATE\APP_DATA\ASPNETDB.MDF", table "dbo.aspnet_Profile", column 'UserId'. The statement has been terminated. Not sure why I am getting this error. I have the user controls set up in ASP.NET 3.5 however all I am using is my own table or at least that I am aware of. I have a custom UserData table that includes the columns: id, UserProfileID, CL, LL, SL, DateTime (id is the auto incremented int) The intent is that all users will add their data in this table and as I mentioned above it has been working fine for my original first user I created. However, when i created a new user I am getting this problem. Here is the code that updates the database. protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //connect to database MySqlConnection database = new MySqlConnection(); database.CreateConn(); //create command object Command = new SqlCommand(queryString, database.Connection); //add parameters. used to prevent sql injection Command.Parameters.Add("@UID", SqlDbType.UniqueIdentifier); Command.Parameters["@UID"].Value = Membership.GetUser().ProviderUserKey; Command.Parameters.Add("@CL", SqlDbType.Int); Command.Parameters["@CL"].Value = InCL.Text; Command.Parameters.Add("@LL", SqlDbType.Int); Command.Parameters["@LL"].Value = InLL.Text; Command.Parameters.Add("@SL", SqlDbType.Int); Command.Parameters["@SL"].Value = InSL.Text; Command.ExecuteNonQuery(); } Source Error: Line 84: Command.ExecuteNonQuery();

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• A Simple Approach For Presenting With Code Samples

  - by Jesse Taber

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/GruffCode/archive/2013/07/31/a-simple-approach-for-presenting-with-code-samples.aspxI’ve been getting ready for a presentation and have been struggling a bit with the best way to show and execute code samples. I don’t present often (hardly ever), but when I do I like the presentation to have a lot of succinct and executable code snippets to help illustrate the points that I’m making. Depending on what the presentation is about, I might just want to build an entire sample application that I would run during the presentation. In other cases, however, building a full-blown application might not really be the best way to present the code. The presentation I’m working on now is for an open source utility library for dealing with dates and times. I could have probably cooked up a sample app for accepting date and time input and then contrived ways in which it could put the library through its paces, but I had trouble coming up with one app that would illustrate all of the various features of the library that I wanted to highlight. I finally decided that what I really needed was an approach that met the following criteria: Simple: I didn’t want the user interface or overall architecture of a sample application to serve as a distraction from the demonstration of the syntax of the library that the presentation is about. I want to be able to present small bits of code that are focused on accomplishing a single task. Several of these examples will look similar, and that’s OK. I want each sample to “stand on its own” and not rely much on external classes or methods (other than the library that is being presented, of course). “Debuggable” (not really a word, I know): I want to be able to easily run the sample with the debugger attached in Visual Studio should I want to step through any bits of code and show what certain values might be at run time. As far as I know this rules out something like LinqPad, though using LinqPad to present code samples like this is actually a very interesting idea that I might explore another time. Flexible and Selectable: I’m going to have lots of code samples to show, and I want to be able to just package them all up into a single project or module and have an easy way to just run the sample that I want on-demand. Since I’m presenting on a .NET framework library, one of the simplest ways in which I could execute some code samples would be to just create a Console application and use Console.WriteLine to output the pertinent info at run time. This gives me a “no frills” harness from which to run my code samples, and I just hit ‘F5’ to run it with the debugger. This satisfies numbers 1 and 2 from my list of criteria above, but item 3 is a little harder. By default, just running a console application is going to execute the ‘main’ method, and then terminate the program after all code is executed. If I want to have several different code samples and run them one at a time, it would be cumbersome to keep swapping the code I want in and out of the ‘main’ method of the console application. What I really want is an easy way to keep the console app running throughout the whole presentation and just have it run the samples I want when I want. I could setup a simple Windows Forms or WPF desktop application with buttons for the different samples, but then I’m getting away from my first criteria of keeping things as simple as possible. Infinite Loops To The Rescue I found a way to have a simple console application satisfy all three of my requirements above, and it involves using an infinite loop and some Console.ReadLine calls that will give the user an opportunity to break out and exit the program. (All programs that need to run until they are closed explicitly (or crash!) likely use similar constructs behind the scenes. Create a new Windows Forms project, look in the ‘Program.cs’ that gets generated, and then check out the docs for the Application.Run method that it calls.). Here’s how the main method might look: 1: static void Main(string[] args) 2: { 3: do 4: { 5: Console.Write("Enter command or 'exit' to quit: > "); 6: var command = Console.ReadLine(); 7: if ((command ?? string.Empty).Equals("exit", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) 8: { 9: Console.WriteLine("Quitting."); 10: break; 11: } 12: 13: } while (true); 14: } The idea here is the app prompts me for the command I want to run, or I can type in ‘exit’ to break out of the loop and let the application close. The only trick now is to create a set of commands that map to each of the code samples that I’m going to want to run. Each sample is already encapsulated in a single public method in a separate class, so I could just write a big switch statement or create a hashtable/dictionary that maps command text to an Action that will invoke the proper method, but why re-invent the wheel? CLAP For Your Own Presentation I’ve blogged about the CLAP library before, and it turns out that it’s a great fit for satisfying criteria #3 from my list above. CLAP lets you decorate methods in a class with an attribute and then easily invoke those methods from within a console application. CLAP was designed to take the arguments passed into the console app from the command line and parse them to determine which method to run and what arguments to pass to that method, but there’s no reason you can’t re-purpose it to accept command input from within the infinite loop defined above and invoke the corresponding method. Here’s how you might define a couple of different methods to contain two different code samples that you want to run during your presentation: 1: public static class CodeSamples 2: { 3: [Verb(Aliases="one")] 4: public static void SampleOne() 5: { 6: Console.WriteLine("This is sample 1"); 7: } 8:   9: [Verb(Aliases="two")] 10: public static void SampleTwo() 11: { 12: Console.WriteLine("This is sample 2"); 13: } 14: } A couple of things to note about the sample above: I’m using static methods. You don’t actually need to use static methods with CLAP, but the syntax ends up being a bit simpler and static methods happen to lend themselves well to the “one self-contained method per code sample” approach that I want to use. The methods are decorated with a ‘Verb’ attribute. This tells CLAP that they are eligible targets for commands. The “Aliases” argument lets me give them short and easy-to-remember aliases that can be used to invoke them. By default, CLAP just uses the full method name as the command name, but with aliases you can simply the usage a bit. I’m not using any parameters. CLAP’s main feature is its ability to parse out arguments from a command line invocation of a console application and automatically pass them in as parameters to the target methods. My code samples don’t need parameters ,and honestly having them would complicate giving the presentation, so this is a good thing. You could use this same approach to invoke methods with parameters, but you’d have a couple of things to figure out. When you invoke a .NET application from the command line, Windows will parse the arguments and pass them in as a string array (called ‘args’ in the boilerplate console project Program.cs). The parsing that gets done here is smart enough to deal with things like treating strings in double quotes as one argument, and you’d have to re-create that within your infinite loop if you wanted to use parameters. I plan on either submitting a pull request to CLAP to add this capability or maybe just making a small utility class/extension method to do it and posting that here in the future. So I now have a simple class with static methods to contain my code samples, and an infinite loop in my ‘main’ method that can accept text commands. Wiring this all up together is pretty easy: 1: static void Main(string[] args) 2: { 3: do 4: { 5: try 6: { 7: Console.Write("Enter command or 'exit' to quit: > "); 8: var command = Console.ReadLine(); 9: if ((command ?? string.Empty).Equals("exit", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) 10: { 11: Console.WriteLine("Quitting."); 12: break; 13: } 14:   15: Parser.Run<CodeSamples>(new[] { command }); 16: Console.WriteLine("---------------------------------------------------------"); 17: } 18: catch (Exception ex) 19: { 20: Console.Error.WriteLine("Error: " + ex.Message); 21: } 22:   23: } while (true); 24: } Note that I’m now passing the ‘CodeSamples’ class into the CLAP ‘Parser.Run’ as a type argument. This tells CLAP to inspect that class for methods that might be able to handle the commands passed in. I’m also throwing in a little “----“ style line separator and some basic error handling (because I happen to know that some of the samples are going to throw exceptions for demonstration purposes) and I’m good to go. Now during my presentation I can just have the console application running the whole time with the debugger attached and just type in the alias of the code sample method that I want to run when I want to run it.

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• 11gr2 DataGuard: Restarting DUPLICATE After a Failure

  - by rene.kundersma

  One of the great new features that comes in very handy when databases get larger and larger these days is RMAN's capability to duplicate from an active database and even restart a duplicate when it fails. Imagine yourself the problem I had lately; I used the duplicate from active database feature and had to wait for an hour or 6 before all datafiles where transferred.At the end of the process some error occurred because of the syntax. While this error was easily to solve I was afraid I had to redo the complete procedure and transfer the 2.5 TB again. Well, 11gr2 RMAN surprised when I re-ran my command with the following output: Using previous duplicated file +DATA/fin2prod/datafile/users.2968.719237649 for datafile 12 with checkpoint SCN of 183289288148 Using previous duplicated file +DATA/fin2prod/datafile/users.2703.719237975 for datafile 13 with checkpoint SCN of 183289295823 Above I only show a small snippet, but what happend is that RMAN smartly skipped all files that where already transferred ! The documentation says this: RMAN automatically optimizes a DUPLICATE command that is a repeat of a previously failed DUPLICATE command. The repeat DUPLICATE command notices which datafiles were successfully copied earlier and does not copy them again. This applies to all forms of duplication, whether they are backup-based (with and without a target connection) or active database duplication. The automatic optimization of the DUPLICATE command can be especially useful when a failure occurs during the duplication of very large databases. If a DUPLICATE operation fails, you need only run the DUPLICATE again, using the same parameters contained in the original DUPLICATE command. Please see chapter 23 of the 11g Release 2 Database Backup and Recovery User's Guide for more details. B.w.t. be very careful with the duplicate command. A small mistake in one of the 'convert' parameters can potentially overwrite your target's controlfile without prompting ! Rene Kundersma Technical Architect Oracle Technology Services

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• Create XML DocType element

  - by Moro

  Hi all, Please I am working with IBM message broker, and I want to know how to create (in java/esql) DOCTYPE element in a message as the following: <!DOCTYPE COMMAND PUBLIC "any//DTD any//EN" "xml/command.dtd"> <COMMAND> ...... <COMMAND> I tried: MbElement root = outMessage.getRootElement().getLastChild(); MbElement xmlDocType = root.createElementAsFirstChild(MbXMLNSC.DOCUMENT_TYPE); xmlDocType.setName("COMMAND PUBLIC"); xmlDocType.createElementAsLastChild(MbXMLNSC.Attribute, null, "any//DTD any//EN"); but no way :( it produces: <!DOCTYPE COMMAND PUBLIC []> <COMMAND> ...... <COMMAND> Thanks in advance,

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• How can I close a window in Perl/Tk?

  - by guy ergas

  In my Perl/Tk script I have opened two windows. After a specific button click I want to close one of them. How can I do that? Here's what I have so far: $main = new MainWindow; $sidebar = $main->Frame(-relief => "raised", -borderwidth => 2) ->pack (-side=>"left" , -anchor => "nw", -fill => "y"); $Button1 = $sidebar -> Button (-text=>"Open\nNetlist", -command=> \&GUI_OPEN_NETLIST) ->pack(-fill=>"x"); MainLoop; sub GUI_OPEN_NETLIST { $component_dialog = new MainWindow; $Button = $component_dialog -> Button (-text=>"Open\nNetlist", -command=> **close new window**) ->pack(-fill=>"x"); MainLoop; }

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