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  • What do BCU.exe and BCUService actually do?

    - by ChrisF
    I've got a Gigabyte G32M-ES2L motherboard with an Intel Core 2 Duo E7500 2.93GHz CPU running Windows XP SP3 (fully up to date). Today when I booted the machine my firewall (Sygate Personal Firewall) warned me that BCUService.exe wanted to make a call out to the internet. Wondering what they were I did a Google search and while I found out that these programs weren't malware, I didn't find out what they actually do. The information seemed to boil down to: Part of Browser Configuration Utility Auto-recovery Service from DeviceVM, Inc. This program is not important for your system process, but should not be terminated unless suspected to be causing problems. Source So before I remove them from my system does anyone know what they actually do and its it worth them taking over 4Mb of memory?

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  • Can I use multiple email servers at once?

    - by TheLQ
    I was wondering: Can you use multiple email servers at once? In this case, I was going to add all the Google Apps MX records then add the MX records of another email server. My goal here is to only use the somewhat expensive Google Apps for only important email addresses (eg all the employees), then use the other cheap email server for other email addresses like webmaster and some other unimportant but needed emails. My thought is that a mail message would try the first 5 Google Apps mail servers, fail, then go to mine and succeed. Would this work? If not, are there any other options?

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  • How to display downloaded youtube annotations ( not captions) on offline video player?

    - by kowalsk
    i need to display the annotations for some of my downloaded youtube videos. It's also important to make them closeable. Making them clickable would also be nice. What i found out so far: From what i understand there there is a vlc plugin/extension that could also render the annotations but i'm having a hard time finding it. Mplayer might also be an option but i'd have to convert the xml files to .bmp and then use a bmov filter to play them. Any suggestions welcome. Edit: to further clarify i would like to display/overlay annotations from a youtube xml file (i'm willing to go through a conversion step if i have to) pretty much the same way i can display subtitles from a srt or sub file. Edit2: I'm open to using other players too ( if vlc is not a feasible option for what i want)

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  • Safely resizing partitions in CentOS 6

    - by Fariborz Navidan
    I have deployed two VMs on VMware with CentOS 6.3 Net Install. It has automatically created some partitions. It has created two major partition for root and home. root partition has size of 50GB and home 168GB. root partition has 35GB of free space. I want to resize partitions safely without data loose. server is running CPanel and home partition has important user data. I want to reduce root size and increase to home. home partition has only 7GB used. Please advise the safest way

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  • Can one use Airport (Time Capsule) with an external DHCP server?

    - by DNS
    I currently share my DSL connection using a wireless router with DHCP disabled, and dnsmasq running on a Mac Mini serving DHCP & DNS. This setup is important because I have clients doing PXE boot, and I need the control over DHCP that dnsmasq provides. There is also a Time Capsule on the network that's used purely as a backup device; its wireless functions are disabled. The wireless router is starting to get a little flaky, and since it doesn't support 802.11n I'd like to replace it. Rather than buying a new router, I'd like to just use the Time Capsule. But I see no way to disable its DHCP server; when I set the connection type to PPPoE, it insists on serving DHCP. Is there any way to use Airport PPPoE with a DHCP server elsewhere on the network?

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  • Ubutu Server Edition: useful for the home user?

    - by D Connors
    My question is simple. What (if anything) does Ubuntu Server Edition have to offer to home users? This question is mostly out of curiosity really, but I like asking. I've got a home network set up here with some 6 to 7 machines (most Windows, one Linux). And I was wondering how useful would it be to have a dedicated computer in my house running Ubuntu Server full time. We've had an awful experience with file sharing so far, would it simplify file sharing/transferring? Would I be able to limit the internet bandwidth granted to each PC? Would I be able to monitor in/out internet traffic (both real time and monthly statistics)? Last, and most important, if I'm completely off as to what Ubuntu Server actually is, please say so. I am completely new to it.

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  • Javascript Methodname is replaced with !==

    - by dasheddot
    Hey! On the server lies a html file with javascript code included. This javascript code includes a method called something like "CheckObject". This file works for all users, except one specific (but important). He gets a javascript error and in his browser sourcode appears something unbelievable: The methodname "CheckObject" is replaced with "Check!==ect", means the "Obj" of the method name is replaced with !==. Why could that be? Hope anybody can help me! Best regards

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  • Is it safe to Update and/or Insert records into an accounting software's database? (Pastel Evolution)

    - by user1020317
    Our CRM system can post transactions to our accounts software (Pastel Evolution), but it doesn't perform the required currency conversion. Both systems have different "base" currencies (because of our location), so the figure thats sent to Pastel evolution is right, but it is reflected in the wrong currency. The CRM uses an ODBC connection to post figures to Evolution. I can make a tool which sits between the two systems which can update and/or insert the transactions into Pastel, by mimicking what the CRM would have done if it was doing the POST. Is it safe for me to mimic and/or update these transactions directly in the Pastel database? Is it common for important validation to be performed in the ODBC layer, and if so, can I tap into an applications ODBC, or is there a custom driver built by the CRM to communicate with the DB?

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  • Other options to "balance source" in haproxy

    - by PriceChild
    I have haproxy listening on several ports and pointed at several backend servers. Ideally, I would like it so that repeated communications to the same port get pointed at the same backend. "balance source" isn't workable because often requests come from the same source. Is this doable? I'm also open to non-haproxy solutions. The protocol being used isn't important but is definitely not http. Just assume its ssh and you shouldn't go wrong.

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  • Authentication through mod_auth_kerb should provide website with no user if no TGT provided

    - by loomi
    Users are authenticated by mod_auth_kerb which works great. Therefore I need to set Require valid-user If there is no valid user Apache fails with an 401 Authorization Required. I would like Apache to deliver the website anyway but not providing a remote_user to the underlying script. This is related to How to tell mod_auth_kerb to do its job despite no "require valid-user". But with the important difference that on a whole subdirectory on every url a kerberos negotation should be initiated, and if it fails it should deliver the content anyway.

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  • Windows 7 won't recognize my second hard drive after reinstall

    - by Shadur
    I recently suffered a total hardware crash on my windows C: drive. Fortunately, I had a spare disk on hand and set about reinstalling. For some reason, during the install it decided to declare my second windows drive as the booting drive, but once the installation was completed it completely and utterly refuses to acknowledge the filesystem -- I'm not even seeing a drive letter, while it /does/ find the linux partitions on the other two drives (even if it can't read any of them). My first (and most important) question: How can I get windows to re-acknowledge the drive, preferably without losing all the data on it? My second question: How can I tell windows to set up its boot loader on the new C: drive?

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  • Can different drive speeds and sizes be used in a hardware RAID configuration w/o affecting performance?

    - by R. Dill
    Specifically, I have a RAID 1 array configuration with two 500gb 7200rpm SATA drives mirrored as logical drive 1 (a) and two of the same mirrored as logical drive 2 (b). I'd like to add two 1tb 5400rpm drives in the same mirrored fashion as logical drive 3 (c). These drives will only serve as file storage with occasional but necessary access, and therefore, space is more important than speed. In researching whether this configuration is doable, I've been told and have read that the array will only see the smallest drive size and slowest speed. However, my understanding is that as long as the pairs themselves aren't mixed (and in this case, they aren't) that the array should view and use all drives at their actual speed and size. I'd like to be sure before purchasing the additional drives. Insight anyone?

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  • Excel macro to delete empty rows isn't stopping

    - by RocketGoal
    How do I make it stop after a certain amount of rows? I've taken a VBA course and my teacher explained how to delete empty rows. I'm now trying to put this in place but my macro isn't stopping. I thought I had limited it to 200 rows. I'm missing something important. Any pointers much appreciated. Sub RemoveRows() ' Remove rows from last blank cell Dim LastRow As Long Dim ISEmpty As Long 'Count how many records in the list. This is done so that the Do loop has a finish point. LastRow = Range("A200").End(xlUp).Row 'Start at the top of the list Range("A1").Select 'Loop until the end of the list Do While ActiveCell.Row < LastRow 'Assign number of non empty cells in the row ISEmpty = Application.CountA(ActiveCell.EntireRow) 'If ISEmpty = 0 then delete the row, if not move down a cell into the next row If ISEmpty = 0 Then ActiveCell.EntireRow.Delete Else ActiveCell.Offset(1, 0).Select End If Loop End Sub

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  • Contacts and chat history of skype was lost.

    - by oommu
    First, my skype didn't have sound effects so I uninstalled it then I reinstall the skype. The sound effect still not working so I downloaded the new version of skype ( beta one), I installed it then the sound effect still not working so I download the old version of skype then install it. The sound effect works but I lost all of my contacts and lost all of chat history. The chat history is really important for me. May you please help me to restore my chat history? Thank you.

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  • New 2.5" hard drive for laptop - What to compare?

    - by TFM
    I'm having trouble finding a new (bigger) hard drive for my laptop. I came across some criteria that I never thought about before, while I was checking a price comparison site. Of course, that made me more confused. First of all, I will probably go with something above 250 GB, and at least 16 MB cache. Now the confusing part: Most new drives are 7200 RPM, as opposed to good old 5400 RPM. 7200 RPM used to mean extra heat, but suddenly it's almost impossible to find a 5400 RPM in 2.5". What did I miss? Second question: Internal data transfer rate. My old drive has a rate of around 60 MB, but new drives have values like 100 MB or more (e.g. 150 MB). How important is this "internal data transfer rate"?

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  • Rebuild mdadm RAID5 array with fewer disks

    - by drjeep
    I have a 4 disk RAID5 array, one of which is starting to fail according to smartd. However, since I'm using less than half the space on /dev/md0, I'd like to rebuild the array without the failing disk. The closest scenario I've been able to find online has been this post, however it contains bits that don't apply to me (LVM volumes) and also doesn't explain how I go about resizing the partition after I'm done. Please note I have backups of important data, but I'd like to avoid rebuilding the array from scratch if possible.

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  • sudo like in Ubuntu (for Debian and other Linuxes)

    - by chris_l
    Hi, I personally like the default sudo behavior of Ubuntu: - Root login impossible - "admin" group granted "ALL=(ALL) ALL" - users in the "admin" group are asked for their user password (not a root password) when using sudo. [I like it, because this way, there's no root password to be shared among several people. There may be good reasons for other opinions, too - but that shouldn't be the topic of this question.] Now I'm trying to re-create this behavior in Debian Etch. It basically works, but there's one important difference: Debian doesn't ask for a password. It should ask for the user's password. I edited the sudoers file to be exactly the same as in Ubuntu, and I added a user to the newly created "admin" group. What else do I have to do to get the Ubuntu behavior in Debian (and other Linuxes)? Thanks Chris

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  • ssh (openSSH) questions

    - by Camran
    I have ubuntu 9.10 server. Firstly, is OpenSSH the same as SSHD? Secondly, In the terminal when typing whereis sshd i get this: whereis sshd /usr/sbin/sshd Also when typing whereis openssh i get this: whereis openssh /usr/lib/openssh How do I know if I have openssh? Also, some tutorials online suggest opening sshd_config, so when typing this: whereis sshd_config /usr/share/man/man5/sshd_config.5.gz // I get this... What should I do, because as you have answered my other Q about security, you have pointed out that it is the way you configure your ssh and etc which is important. Is there any guide for this? How should I configure this? I will be the only user for this server btw... If you need more input let me know and I will update this Q. Thanks

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  • ssh (openSSH) questions

    - by Camran
    I have ubuntu 9.10 server. Firstly, is OpenSSH the same as SSHD? Secondly, In the terminal when typing whereis sshd i get this: whereis sshd /usr/sbin/sshd Also when typing whereis openssh i get this: whereis openssh /usr/lib/openssh How do I know if I have openssh? Also, some tutorials online suggest opening sshd_config, so when typing this: whereis sshd_config /usr/share/man/man5/sshd_config.5.gz // I get this... What should I do, because as you have answered my other Q about security, you have pointed out that it is the way you configure your ssh and etc which is important. Is there any guide for this? How should I configure this? I will be the only user for this server btw... If you need more input let me know and I will update this Q. Thanks

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  • Server not repsonding after Ubuntu upgrade

    - by aaa
    I have a server that was running Ubuntu 8.04. I upgraded Ubuntu via the command-line and got no warning messages. After it was done the server restarted but now I am unable to SSH back in. My site is also not resolving. My guess is I overwrote something important. What are some trouble-shooting steps I can take? I am able to execute commands through my VPS provider's admin interface. I'm not sure what version it upgraded me to honestly.

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  • Social Shopping

    - by David Dorf
    I've written about various breeds of social shopping in the past, so I decided to give some thought into a categorization with examples. Below I've listed the different types of social shopping I've observed and some companies that support them. Comments and Ratings -- Commenting on products has been around almost as long as e-commerce. Two popular players in this space are BazaarVoice and PowerReviews. Most shoppers prefer relying on peer reviews rather than retailer descriptions, so the influence over sales is very strong. f-commerce -- A new term that was sure to rear its ugly head when retailers started allowing shopping on Facebook, And its all Elastic Path and Alvenda's fault! Co-shopping -- Retailers like Wet Seal are enabling multiple people to shop together online. This is particularly applicable to fashion, where the real-time exchange of opinions is important. I actually tried this with a co-worker and its pretty cool. Bragging -- Blippy is Twitter for shoppers, allowing purchases to be "tweeted" so you can keep up with your friends. I get alerted when friends download music or apps from iTunes because chances are I'll be interested as well. This covert influence is one-up'ed by Snatter, a service that gives people discounts for tweeting or posting promotions from retailers. This is the petri dish of viral marketing. Advice -- Combine the bragging of Blippy and the opinions from BazaarVoice and you'd get ShopSocially, a social network dedicated to spreading product knowledge amongst informed shoppers. I'm sure if I gave it more thought, a few more types would come to mind, but I've got to get back to work. Now is not the time to be blogging at Oracle!

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  • [ASP.NET 4.0] Persisting Row Selection in Data Controls

    - by HosamKamel
    Data Control Selection Feature In ASP.NET 2.0: ASP.NET Data Controls row selection feature was based on row index (in the current page), this of course produce an issue if you try to select an item in the first page then navigate to the second page without select any record you will find the same row (with the same index) selected in the second page! In the sample application attached: Select the second row in the books GridView. Navigate to second page without doing any selection You will find the second row in the second page selected. Persisting Row Selection: Is a new feature which replace the old selection mechanism which based on row index to be based on the row data key instead. This means that if you select the third row on page 1 and move to page 2, nothing is selected on page 2. When you move back to page 1, the third row is still selected. Data Control Selection Feature In ASP.NET 3.5 SP1: The Persisting Row Selection was initially supported only in Dynamic Data projects Data Control Selection Feature In ASP.NET 4.0: Persisted selection is now supported for the GridView and ListView controls in all projects. You can enable this feature by setting the EnablePersistedSelection property, as shown below: Important thing to note, once you enable this feature you have to set the DataKeyNames property too because as discussed the full approach is based on the Row Data Key Simple feature but  is a much more natural behavior than the behavior in earlier versions of ASP.NET. Download Demo Project

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  • September 2011 Release of the Ajax Control Toolkit

    - by Stephen Walther
    I’m happy to announce the release of the September 2011 Ajax Control Toolkit. This release has several important new features including: Date ranges – When using the Calendar extender, you can specify a start and end date and a user can pick only those dates which fall within the specified range. This was the fourth top-voted feature request for the Ajax Control Toolkit at CodePlex. Twitter Control – You can use the new Twitter control to display recent tweets associated with a particular Twitter user or tweets which match a search query. Gravatar Control – You can use the new Gravatar control to display a unique image for each user of your website. Users can upload custom images to the Gravatar.com website or the Gravatar control can display a unique, auto-generated, image for a user. You can download this release this very minute by visiting CodePlex: http://AjaxControlToolkit.CodePlex.com Alternatively, you can execute the following command from the Visual Studio NuGet console: Improvements to the Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar Control The Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar extender control is one of the most heavily used controls from the Ajax Control Toolkit. The developers on the Superexpert team spent the last sprint focusing on improving this control. There are three important changes that we made to the Calendar control: we added support for date ranges, we added support for highlighting today’s date, and we made fixes to several bugs related to time zones and daylight savings. Using Calendar Date Ranges One of the top-voted feature requests for the Ajax Control Toolkit was a request to add support for date ranges to the Calendar control (this was the fourth most voted feature request at CodePlex). With the latest release of the Ajax Control Toolkit, the Calendar extender now supports date ranges. For example, the following page illustrates how you can create a popup calendar which allows a user only to pick dates between March 2, 2009 and May 16, 2009. <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="CalendarDateRange.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.CalendarDateRange" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html> <head runat="server"> <title>Calendar Date Range</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:TextBox ID="txtHotelReservationDate" runat="server" /> <asp:CalendarExtender ID="Calendar1" TargetControlID="txtHotelReservationDate" StartDate="3/2/2009" EndDate="5/16/2009" SelectedDate="3/2/2009" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> This page contains three controls: an Ajax Control Toolkit ToolkitScriptManager control, a standard ASP.NET TextBox control, and an Ajax Control Toolkit CalendarExtender control. Notice that the Calendar control includes StartDate and EndDate properties which restrict the range of valid dates. The Calendar control shows days, months, and years outside of the valid range as struck out. You cannot select days, months, or years which fall outside of the range. The following video illustrates interacting with the new date range feature: If you want to experiment with a live version of the Ajax Control Toolkit Calendar extender control then you can visit the Calendar Sample Page at the Ajax Control Toolkit Sample Site. Highlighted Today’s Date Another highly requested feature for the Calendar control was support for highlighting today’s date. The Calendar control now highlights the user’s current date regardless of the user’s time zone. Fixes to Time Zone and Daylight Savings Time Bugs We fixed several significant Calendar extender bugs related to time zones and daylight savings time. For example, previously, when you set the Calendar control’s SelectedDate property to the value 1/1/2007 then the selected data would appear as 12/31/2006 or 1/1/2007 or 1/2/2007 depending on the server time zone. For example, if your server time zone was set to Samoa (UTC-11:00), then setting SelectedDate=”1/1/2007” would result in “12/31/2006” being selected in the Calendar. Users of the Calendar extender control found this behavior confusing. After careful consideration, we decided to change the Calendar extender so that it interprets all dates as UTC dates. In other words, if you set StartDate=”1/1/2007” then the Calendar extender parses the date as 1/1/2007 UTC instead of parsing the date according to the server time zone. By interpreting all dates as UTC dates, we avoid all of the reported issues with the SelectedDate property showing the wrong date. Furthermore, when you set the StartDate and EndDate properties, you know that the same StartDate and EndDate will be selected regardless of the time zone associated with the server or associated with the browser. The date 1/1/2007 will always be the date 1/1/2007. The New Twitter Control This release of the Ajax Control Toolkit introduces a new twitter control. You can use the Twitter control to display recent tweets associated with a particular twitter user. You also can use this control to show the results of a twitter search. The following page illustrates how you can use the Twitter control to display recent tweets made by Scott Hanselman: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="TwitterProfile.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.TwitterProfile" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html > <head runat="server"> <title>Twitter Profile</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Twitter ID="Twitter1" ScreenName="shanselman" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> This page includes two Ajax Control Toolkit controls: the ToolkitScriptManager control and the Twitter control. The Twitter control is set to display tweets from Scott Hanselman (shanselman): You also can use the Twitter control to display the results of a search query. For example, the following page displays all recent tweets related to the Ajax Control Toolkit: Twitter limits the number of times that you can interact with their API in an hour. Twitter recommends that you cache results on the server (https://dev.twitter.com/docs/rate-limiting). By default, the Twitter control caches results on the server for a duration of 5 minutes. You can modify the cache duration by assigning a value (in seconds) to the Twitter control's CacheDuration property. The Twitter control wraps a standard ASP.NET ListView control. You can customize the appearance of the Twitter control by modifying its LayoutTemplate, StatusTemplate, AlternatingStatusTemplate, and EmptyDataTemplate. To learn more about the new Twitter control, visit the live Twitter Sample Page. The New Gravatar Control The September 2011 release of the Ajax Control Toolkit also includes a new Gravatar control. This control makes it easy to display a unique image for each user of your website. A Gravatar is associated with an email address. You can visit Gravatar.com and upload an image and associate the image with your email address. That way, every website which uses Gravatars (such as the www.ASP.NET website) will display your image next to your name. For example, I visited the Gravatar.com website and associated an image of a Koala Bear with the email address [email protected]. The following page illustrates how you can use the Gravatar control to display the Gravatar image associated with the [email protected] email address: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="GravatarDemo.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.GravatarDemo" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>Gravatar Demo</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Gravatar ID="Gravatar1" Email="[email protected]" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> The page above simply displays the Gravatar image associated with the [email protected] email address: If a user has not uploaded an image to Gravatar.com then you can auto-generate a unique image for the user from the user email address. The Gravatar control supports four types of auto-generated images: Identicon -- A different geometric pattern is generated for each unrecognized email. MonsterId -- A different image of a monster is generated for each unrecognized email. Wavatar -- A different image of a face is generated for each unrecognized email. Retro -- A different 8-bit arcade-style face is generated for each unrecognized email. For example, there is no Gravatar image associated with the email address [email protected]. The following page displays an auto-generated MonsterId for this email address: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="GravatarMonster.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.GravatarMonster" %> <%@ Register TagPrefix="asp" Namespace="AjaxControlToolkit" Assembly="AjaxControlToolkit" %> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>Gravatar Monster</title> </head> <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ToolkitScriptManager ID="tsm" runat="server" /> <asp:Gravatar ID="Gravatar1" Email="[email protected]" DefaultImageBehavior="MonsterId" runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html> The page above generates the following image automatically from the supplied email address: To learn more about the properties of the new Gravatar control, visit the live Gravatar Sample Page. ASP.NET Connections Talk on the Ajax Control Toolkit If you are interested in learning more about the changes that we are making to the Ajax Control Toolkit then please come to my talk on the Ajax Control Toolkit at the upcoming ASP.NET Connections conference. In the talk, I will present a summary of the changes that we have made to the Ajax Control Toolkit over the last several months and discuss our future plans. Do you have ideas for new Ajax Control Toolkit controls? Ideas for improving the toolkit? Come to my talk – I would love to hear from you. You can register for the ASP.NET Connections conference by visiting the following website: Register for ASP.NET Connections   Summary The previous release of the Ajax Control Toolkit – the July 2011 Release – has had over 100,000 downloads. That is a huge number of developers who are working with the Ajax Control Toolkit. We are really excited about the new features which we added to the Ajax Control Toolkit in the latest September sprint. We hope that you find the updated Calender control, the new Twitter control, and the new Gravatar control valuable when building your ASP.NET Web Forms applications.

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  • SQL SERVER – Shrinking NDF and MDF Files – Readers’ Opinion

    - by pinaldave
    Previously, I had written a blog post about SQL SERVER – Shrinking NDF and MDF Files – A Safe Operation. After that, I have written the following blog post that talks about the advantage and disadvantage of Shrinking and why one should not be Shrinking a file SQL SERVER – SHRINKFILE and TRUNCATE Log File in SQL Server 2008. On this subject, SQL Server Expert Imran Mohammed left an excellent comment. I just feel that his comment is worth a big article itself. For everybody to read his wonderful explanation, I am posting this blog post here. Thanks Imran! Shrinking Database always creates performance degradation and increases fragmentation in the database. I suggest that you keep that in mind before you start reading the following comment. If you are going to say Shrinking Database is bad and evil, here I am saying it first and loud. Now, the comment of Imran is written while keeping in mind only the process showing how the Shrinking Database Operation works. Imran has already explained his understanding and requests further explanation. I have removed the Best Practices section from Imran’s comments, as there are a few corrections. Comments from Imran - Before I explain to you the concept of Shrink Database, let us understand the concept of Database Files. When we create a new database inside the SQL Server, it is typical that SQl Server creates two physical files in the Operating System: one with .MDF Extension, and another with .LDF Extension. .MDF is called as Primary Data File. .LDF is called as Transactional Log file. If you add one or more data files to a database, the physical file that will be created in the Operating System will have an extension of .NDF, which is called as Secondary Data File; whereas, when you add one or more log files to a database, the physical file that will be created in the Operating System will have the same extension as .LDF. The questions now are, “Why does a new data file have a different extension (.NDF)?”, “Why is it called as a secondary data file?” and, “Why is .MDF file called as a primary data file?” Answers: Note: The following explanation is based on my limited knowledge of SQL Server, so experts please do comment. A data file with a .MDF extension is called a Primary Data File, and the reason behind it is that it contains Database Catalogs. Catalogs mean Meta Data. Meta Data is “Data about Data”. An example for Meta Data includes system objects that store information about other objects, except the data stored by the users. sysobjects stores information about all objects in that database. sysindexes stores information about all indexes and rows of every table in that database. syscolumns stores information about all columns that each table has in that database. sysusers stores how many users that database has. Although Meta Data stores information about other objects, it is not the transactional data that a user enters; rather, it’s a system data about the data. Because Primary Data File (.MDF) contains important information about the database, it is treated as a special file. It is given the name Primary Data file because it contains the Database Catalogs. This file is present in the Primary File Group. You can always create additional objects (Tables, indexes etc.) in the Primary data file (This file is present in the Primary File group), by mentioning that you want to create this object under the Primary File Group. Any additional data file that you add to the database will have only transactional data but no Meta Data, so that’s why it is called as the Secondary Data File. It is given the extension name .NDF so that the user can easily identify whether a specific data file is a Primary Data File or a Secondary Data File(s). There are many advantages of storing data in different files that are under different file groups. You can put your read only in the tables in one file (file group) and read-write tables in another file (file group) and take a backup of only the file group that has read the write data, so that you can avoid taking the backup of a read-only data that cannot be altered. Creating additional files in different physical hard disks also improves I/O performance. A real-time scenario where we use Files could be this one: Let’s say you have created a database called MYDB in the D-Drive which has a 50 GB space. You also have 1 Database File (.MDF) and 1 Log File on D-Drive and suppose that all of that 50 GB space has been used up and you do not have any free space left but you still want to add an additional space to the database. One easy option would be to add one more physical hard disk to the server, add new data file to MYDB database and create this new data file in a new hard disk then move some of the objects from one file to another, and put the file group under which you added new file as default File group, so that any new object that is created gets into the new files, unless specified. Now that we got a basic idea of what data files are, what type of data they store and why they are named the way they are, let’s move on to the next topic, Shrinking. First of all, I disagree with the Microsoft terminology for naming this feature as “Shrinking”. Shrinking, in regular terms, means to reduce the size of a file by means of compressing it. BUT in SQL Server, Shrinking DOES NOT mean compressing. Shrinking in SQL Server means to remove an empty space from database files and release the empty space either to the Operating System or to SQL Server. Let’s examine this through an example. Let’s say you have a database “MYDB” with a size of 50 GB that has a free space of about 20 GB, which means 30GB in the database is filled with data and the 20 GB of space is free in the database because it is not currently utilized by the SQL Server (Database); it is reserved and not yet in use. If you choose to shrink the database and to release an empty space to Operating System, and MIND YOU, you can only shrink the database size to 30 GB (in our example). You cannot shrink the database to a size less than what is filled with data. So, if you have a database that is full and has no empty space in the data file and log file (you don’t have an extra disk space to set Auto growth option ON), YOU CANNOT issue the SHRINK Database/File command, because of two reasons: There is no empty space to be released because the Shrink command does not compress the database; it only removes the empty space from the database files and there is no empty space. Remember, the Shrink command is a logged operation. When we perform the Shrink operation, this information is logged in the log file. If there is no empty space in the log file, SQL Server cannot write to the log file and you cannot shrink a database. Now answering your questions: (1) Q: What are the USEDPAGES & ESTIMATEDPAGES that appear on the Results Pane after using the DBCC SHRINKDATABASE (NorthWind, 10) ? A: According to Books Online (For SQL Server 2000): UsedPages: the number of 8-KB pages currently used by the file. EstimatedPages: the number of 8-KB pages that SQL Server estimates the file could be shrunk down to. Important Note: Before asking any question, make sure you go through Books Online or search on the Google once. The reasons for doing so have many advantages: 1. If someone else already has had this question before, chances that it is already answered are more than 50 %. 2. This reduces your waiting time for the answer. (2) Q: What is the difference between Shrinking the Database using DBCC command like the one above & shrinking it from the Enterprise Manager Console by Right-Clicking the database, going to TASKS & then selecting SHRINK Option, on a SQL Server 2000 environment? A: As far as my knowledge goes, there is no difference, both will work the same way, one advantage of using this command from query analyzer is, your console won’t be freezed. You can do perform your regular activities using Enterprise Manager. (3) Q: What is this .NDF file that is discussed above? I have never heard of it. What is it used for? Is it used by end-users, DBAs or the SERVER/SYSTEM itself? A: .NDF File is a secondary data file. You never heard of it because when database is created, SQL Server creates database by default with only 1 data file (.MDF) and 1 log file (.LDF) or however your model database has been setup, because a model database is a template used every time you create a new database using the CREATE DATABASE Command. Unless you have added an extra data file, you will not see it. This file is used by the SQL Server to store data which are saved by the users. Hope this information helps. I would like to as the experts to please comment if what I understand is not what the Microsoft guys meant. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Readers Contribution, Readers Question, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Real Excel Templates I

    - by Tim Dexter
    As promised, I'm starting to document the new Excel templates that I teased you all with a few weeks back. Leslie is buried in 11g documentation and will not get to officially documenting the templates for a while. I'll do my best to be professional and not ramble on about this and that, although the weather here has finally turned and its 'scorchio' here in Colorado today. Maybe our stand of Aspen will finally come into leaf ... but I digress. Preamble These templates are not actually that new, I helped in a small way to develop them a few years back with Excel 'meistress' Shirley for a company that was trying to use the Report Manager(RR) Excel FSG outputs under EBS 12. The functionality they needed was just not there in the RR FSG templates, the templates are actually XSL that is created from the the RR Excel template builder and fed to BIP for processing. Think of Excel from our RTF templates and you'll be there ie not really Excel but HTML masquerading as Excel. Although still under controlled release in EBS they have now made their way to the standlone release and are willing to share their Excel goodness. You get everything you have with hte Excel Analyzer Excel templates plus so much more. Therein lies a question, what will happen to the Analyzer templates? My understanding is that both will come together into a single Excel template format some time in the post-11g release world. The new XLSX format for Exce 2007/10 is also in the mix too so watch this space. What more do these templates offer? Well, you can structure data in the Excel output. Similar to RTF templates you can create sheets of data that have master-detail n relationships. Although the analyzer templates can do this, you have to get into macros whereas BIP will do this all for you. You can also use native XSL functions in your data to manipulate it prior to rendering. BP functions are not currently supported. The most impressive, for me at least, is the sheet 'bursting'. You can split your hierarchical data across multiple sheets and dynamically name those sheets. Finally, you of course, still get all the native Excel functionality. Pre-reqs You must be on 10.1.3.4.1 plus the latest rollup patch, 9546699. You can patch upa BIP instance running with OBIEE, no problem You need Excel 2000 or above to build the templates Some patience - there is no Excel template builder for these new templates. So its all going to have to be done by hand. Its not that tough but can get a little 'fiddly'. You can not test the template from Excel , it has to be deployed and then run. Limitations The new templates are definitely superior to the Analyzer templates but there are a few limitations. Re-grouping is not supported. You can only follow a data hierarchy not bend it to your will unless you want to get into macros. No support for BIP functions. The templates support native XSL functions only. No template builder Getting Started The templates make the use of named cells and groups of cells to allow BIP to find the insertion point for data points. It also uses a hidden sheet to store calculation mappings from named cells to XML data elements. To start with, in the great BIP tradition, we need some sample XML data. Becasue I wanted to show the master-detail output we need some hierarchical data. If you have not yet gotten into the data templates, now is a good time, I wrote a post a while back starting from the simple to more complex. They generate ideal data sets for these templates. Im working with the following data set: <EMPLOYEES> <LIST_G_DEPT> <G_DEPT> <DEPARTMENT_ID>10</DEPARTMENT_ID> <DEPARTMENT_NAME>Administration</DEPARTMENT_NAME> <LIST_G_EMP> <G_EMP> <EMPLOYEE_ID>200</EMPLOYEE_ID> <EMP_NAME>Jennifer Whalen</EMP_NAME> <EMAIL>JWHALEN</EMAIL> <PHONE_NUMBER>515.123.4444</PHONE_NUMBER> <HIRE_DATE>1987-09-17T00:00:00.000-06:00</HIRE_DATE> <SALARY>4400</SALARY> </G_EMP> </LIST_G_EMP> <TOTAL_EMPS>1</TOTAL_EMPS> <TOTAL_SALARY>4400</TOTAL_SALARY> <AVG_SALARY>4400</AVG_SALARY> <MAX_SALARY>4400</MAX_SALARY> <MIN_SALARY>4400</MIN_SALARY> </G_DEPT> ... <LIST_G_DEPT> <EMPLOYEES> Simple enough to follow and bread and butter stuff for an RTF template. Building the Template For an Excel template we need to start by thinking about how we want to render the data. Come up with a sample output in Excel. Its all dummy data, nothing marked up yet with one row of data for each level. I have the department name and then a repeating row for the employees. You can apply Excel formatting to the layout. The total is going to be derived from a data element. We'll get to Excel functions later. Marking Up Cells Next we need to start marking up the cells with custom names to map them to data elements. The cell names need to follow a specific format: For data grouping, XDO_GROUP_?group_name? For data elements, XDO_?element_name? Notice the question mark delimter, the group_name and element_name are case sensitive. The next step is to find how to name cells; the easiest method is to highlight the cell and then type in the name. You can also find the Name Manager dialog. I use 2007 and its available on the ribbon under the Formulas section Go thorugh the process of naming all the cells for the element values you have. Using my data set from above.You should end up with something like this in your 'Name Manager' dialog. You can update any mistakes you might have made through this dialog. Creating Groups In the image above you can see there are a couple of named group cells. To create these its a simple case of highlighting the cells that make up the group and then naming them. For the EMP group, highlight the employee row and then type in the name, XDO_GROUP?G_EMP? Notice the 10,000 total is outside of the G_EMP group. Its actually named, XDO_?TOTAL_SALARY?, a query calculated value. For the department group, we need to include the department name cell and the sub EMP grouping and name it, XDO_GROUP?G_DEPT? Notice, the 10,000 total is included in the G_DEPT group. This will ensure it repeats at the department level. Lastly, we do need to include a special sheet in the workbook. We will not have anything meaningful in there for now, but it needs to be present. Create a new sheet and name it XDO_METADATA. The name is important as the BIP rendering engine will looking for it. For our current example we do not need anything other than the required stuff in our XDO_METADATA sheet but, it must be present. Easy enough to hide it. Here's what I have: The only cell that is important is the 'Data Constraints:' cell. The rest is optional. To save curious users getting distracted, hide the metadata sheet. Deploying & Running Templates We should now have a usable Excel template. Loading it into a report is easy enough using the browser UI, just like an RTF template. Set the template type to Excel. You will now be able to run the report and hopefully get something like this. You will not get the red highlighting, thats just some conditional formatting I added to the template using Excel functionality. Your dates are probably going to look raw too. I got around this for now using an Excel function on the cell: =--REPLACE(SUBSTITUTE(E8,"T"," "),LEN(E8)-6,6,"") Google to the rescue on that one. Try some other stuff out. To avoid constantly loading the template through the UI. If you have BIP running locally or you can access the reports repository, once you have loaded the template the first time. Just save the template directly into the report folder. I have put together a sample report using a sample data set, available here. Just drop the xml data file, EmpbyDeptExcelData.xml into 'demo files' folder and you should be good to go. Thats the basics, next we'll start using some XSL functions in the template and move onto the 'bursting' across sheets.

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