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  • How accurately (in terms of time) does Windows play audio?

    - by MusiGenesis
    Let's say I play a stereo WAV file with 317,520,000 samples, which is theoretically 1 hour long. Assuming no interruptions of the playback, will the file finish playing in exactly one hour, or is there some occasional tiny variation in the playback speed such that it would be slightly more or slightly less (by some number of milliseconds) than one hour? I am trying to synchronize animation with audio, and I am using a System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch to keep the frames matching the audio. But if the playback speed of WAV audio in Windows can vary slightly over time, then the audio will drift out of sync with the Stopwatch-driven animation. Which leads to a second question: it appears that a Stopwatch - while highly granular and accurate for short durations - runs slightly fast. On my laptop, a Stopwatch run for exactly 24 hours (as measured by the computer's system time and a real stopwatch) shows an elapsed time of 24 hours plus about 5 seconds (not milliseconds). Is this a known problem with Stopwatch? (A related question would be "am I crazy?", but you can try it for yourself.) Given its usage as a diagnostics tool, I can see where a discrepancy like this would only show up when measuring long durations, for which most people would use something other than a Stopwatch. If I'm really lucky, then both Stopwatch and audio playback are driven by the same underlying mechanism, and thus will stay in sync with each other for days on end. Any chance this is true?

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  • C++ Check Substring of a String

    - by user69514
    I'm trying to check whether or not the second argument in my program is a substring of the first argument. The problem is that it only work if the substring starts with the same letter of the string. .i.e Michigan - Mich (this works) Michigan - Mi (this works) Michigan - igan (this doesn't work) #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <string> using namespace std; bool my_strstr( string str, string sub ) { bool flag = true; int startPosition = -1; char subStart = str.at(0); char strStart; //find starting position for(int i=0; i<str.length(); i++){ if(str.at(i) == subStart){ startPosition = i; break; } } for(int i=0; i<sub.size(); i++){ if(sub.at(i) != str.at(startPosition)){ flag = false; break; } startPosition++; } return flag; } int main(int argc, char **argv){ if (argc != 3) { printf ("Usage: check <string one> <string two>\n"); } string str1 = argv[1]; string str2 = argv[2]; bool result = my_strstr(str1, str2); if(result == 1){ printf("%s is a substring of %s\n", argv[2], argv[1]); } else{ printf("%s is not a substring of %s\n", argv[2], argv[1]); } return 0; }

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  • Programming style question on how to code functions

    - by shawnjan
    Hey all! So, I was just coding a bit today, and I realized that I don't have much consistency when it comes to a coding style when programming functions. One of my main concerns is whether or not its proper to code it so that you check that the input of the user is valid OUTSIDE of the function, or just throw the values passed by the user into the function and check if the values are valid in there. Let me sketch an example: I have a function that lists hosts based on an environment, and I want to be able to split the environment into chunks of hosts. So an example of the usage is this: listhosts -e testenv -s 2 1 This will get all the hosts from the "testenv", split it up into two parts, and it is displaying part one. In my code, I have a function that you pass it in a list, and it returns a list of lists based on you parameters for splitting. BUT, before I pass it a list, I first verify the parameters in my MAIN during the getops process, so in the main I check to make sure there are no negatives passed by the user, I make sure the user didnt request to split into say, 4 parts, but asking to display part 5 (which would not be valid), etc. tl;dr: Would you check the validity of a users input the flow of you're MAIN class, or would you do a check in your function itself, and either return a valid response in the case of valid input, or return NULL in the case of invalid input? Obviously both methods work, I'm just interested to hear from experts as to which approach is better :) Thanks for any comments and suggestions you guys have!

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  • FileReference.save() duplicates ByteArray

    - by bartekb
    Hi, I've encountered a memory problem using FileReference.save(). My Flash application generates of a lot of data in real-time and needs to save this data to a local file. As I understand, Flash 10 (as opposed to AIR) does not support streaming to a file. But, what's even worse is that FileReference.save() duplicates all the data before saving it. I was looking for a workaround to this doubled memory usage and thought about the following approach: What if I pass a custom subclass of ByteArray as an argument to FileReference.save(), where this ByteArray subclass would override all read*() methods. The overridden read*() methods would wait for a piece of data to be generated by my application, return this piece of data and immediately remove it from the memory. I know how much data will be generated, so I could also override length/bytesAvailable methods. Would it be possible? Could you give me some hint how to do it? I've created a subclass of ByteArray, registered an alias for it, passed an instance of this subclass to FileReference.save(), but somehow FileReference.save() seems to treat it just as it was a ByteArray instance and doesn't call any of my overridden methods... Thanks a lot for any help!

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  • When memory is actually freeded?

    - by zhyk
    Hello all. I'm trying to understand memory management stuff in Objective-C. If I see the memory usage listed by Activity Monitor, it looks like memory is not being freed (I mean column rsize). But in "Object Allocations" everything looks fine. Here is my simple code: #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSInteger i, k=10000; while (k>0) { NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init]; for (i=0;i<1000*k; i++) { NSString *srtring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"string...."]; [array addObject:srtring]; [srtring release]; srtring = nil; } [array release]; array = nil; k-=500; } [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:5]; [pool release]; return 0; } As for retain and release it's cool, everything is balanced. But rsize decreases only after quitting from this little program. Is it possible to "clean" memory somehow before quitting?

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  • Maven - 'all' or 'parent' project for aggregation?

    - by disown
    For educational purposes I have set up a project layout like so (flat in order to suite eclipse better): -product | |-parent |-core |-opt |-all Parent contains an aggregate project with core, opt and all. Core implements the mandatory part of the application. Opt is an optional part. All is supposed to combine core with opt, and has these two modules listed as dependencies. I am now trying to make the following artifacts: product-core.jar product-core-src.jar product-core-with-dependencies.jar product-opt.jar product-opt-src.jar product-opt-with-dependencies.jar product-all.jar product-all-src.jar product-all-with-dependencies.jar Most of them are fairly straightforward to produce. I do have some problem with the aggregating artifacts though. I have managed to make the product-all-src.jar with a custom assembly descriptor in the 'all' module which downloads the sources for all non-transitive deps, and this works fine. This technique also allows me to make the product-all-with-dependencies.jar. I however recently found out that you can use the source:aggregate goal in the source plugin to aggregate sources of the entire aggregate project. This is also true for the javadoc plugin, which also aggregates through the usage of the parent project. So I am torn between my 'all' module approach and ditching the 'all' module and just use the 'parent' module for all aggregation. It feels unclean to have some aggregate artifacts produced in 'parent', and others produced in 'all'. Is there a way of making an 'product-all' jar in the parent project, or to aggregate javadoc in the 'all' project? Or should I just keep both? Thanks

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  • What are Code Smells? What is the best way to correct them?

    - by Rob Cooper
    OK, so I know what a code smell is, and the Wikipedia Article is pretty clear in its definition: In computer programming, code smell is any symptom in the source code of a computer program that indicates something may be wrong. It generally indicates that the code should be refactored or the overall design should be reexamined. The term appears to have been coined by Kent Beck on WardsWiki. Usage of the term increased after it was featured in Refactoring. Improving the Design of Existing Code. I know it also provides a list of common code smells. But I thought it would be great if we could get clear list of not only what code smells there are, but also how to correct them. Some Rules Now, this is going to be a little subjective in that there are differences to languages, programming style etc. So lets lay down some ground rules: ** ONE SMELL PER ANSWER PLEASE! & ADVISE ON HOW TO CORRECT! ** See this answer for a good display of what this thread should be! DO NOT downmod if a smell doesn't apply to your language or development methodology We are all different. DO NOT just quickly smash in as many as you can think of Think about the smells you want to list and get a good idea down on how to work around. DO downmod answers that just look rushed For example "dupe code - remove dupe code". Let's makes it useful (e.g. Duplicate Code - Refactor into separate methods or even classes, use these links for help on these common.. etc. etc.). DO upmod answers that you would add yourself If you wish to expand, then answer with your thoughts linking to the original answer (if it's detailed) or comment if its a minor point. DO format your answers! Help others to be able to read it, use code snippets, headings and markup to make key points stand out!

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  • Handling user interface in a multi-threaded application (or being forced to have a UI-only main thre

    - by Patrick
    In my application, I have a 'logging' window, which shows all the logging, warnings, errors of the application. Last year my application was still single-threaded so this worked [quite] good. Now I am introducing multithreading. I quickly noticed that it's not a good idea to update the logging window from different threads. Reading some articles on keeping the UI in the main thread, I made a communication buffer, in which the other threads are adding their logging messages, and from which the main thread takes the messages and shows them in the logging window (this is done in the message loop). Now, in a part of my application, the memory usage increases dramatically, because the separate threads are generating lots of logging messages, and the main thread cannot empty the communication buffer quickly enough. After the while the memory decreases again (if the other threads have finished their work and the main thread gradually empties the communication buffer). I solved this problem by having a maximum size on the communication buffer, but then I run into a problem in the following situation: the main thread has to perform a complex action the main thread takes some parts of the action and let's separate threads execute this while the seperate threads are executing their logic, the main thread processes the results from the other threads and continues with its work if the other threads are finished Problem is that in this situation, if the other threads perform logging, there is no UI-message loop, and so the communication buffer is filled, but not emptied. I see two solutions in solving this problem: require the main thread to do regular polling of the communication buffer only performing user interface logic in the main thread (no other logic) I think the second solution seems the best, but this may not that easy to introduce in a big application (in my case it performs mathematical simulations). Are there any other solutions or tips? Or is one of the two proposed the best, easiest, most-pragmatic solution? Thanks, Patrick

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  • C# - retrieve file path from config file - @ doesn't do it's magic

    - by Bart
    Hi guys, I'm currently working on a web service that retrieves an XML message, archives it and then processes it further. The archive folder is read from the Web.config. This is what the archive method looks like private void Archive(System.Xml.XmlDocument xmlDocument) { try { string directory = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings.Get("ArchivePath"); ParseMessage(xmlDocument); directory = string.Format(@"{0}\{1}\{2}", @directory, _senderService, DateTime.Now.ToString("MMMyyyy")); System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(directory); string Id = _messageID; string senderService = _senderService; xmlDocument.Save(directory + @"\" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd_") + Id + "_" + System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString().Substring(0, 13) + ".xml"); } The path structure I retrieve is C:\Program Files\Subfolder\Subfolder. In the development, QA, UAT and PRD environments everything works fine. But on another machine I now need to install the web service on (which I cannot debug, unfortunately), the directory string is 'C:Files'. Just to be sure I double checked the .NET version on the different machines (I thought perhaps the usage of @ before a string was version-dependent); all machines use 2.0.50727. Does anyone recognize this problem? Thanks in advance!

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  • How to model has_many with polymorphism?

    - by Daniel Abrahamsson
    I've run into a situation that I am not quite sure how to model. Suppose I have a User class, and a user has many services. However, these services are quite different, for example a MailService and a BackupService, so single table inheritance won't do. Instead, I am thinking of using polymorphic associations together with an abstract base class: class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :services end class Service < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :user_id, :implementation_id, :implementation_type belongs_to :user belongs_to :implementation, :polymorphic = true delegate :common_service_method, :name, :to => :implementation end #Base class for service implementations class ServiceImplementation < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :user_id, :on => :create has_one :service, :as => :implementation has_one :user, :through => :service after_create :create_service_record #Tell Rails this class does not use a table. def self.abstract_class? true end #Default name implementation. def name self.class.name end protected #Sets up a service object def create_service_record service = Service.new(:user_id => user_id) service.implementation = self service.save! end end class MailService < ServiceImplementation #validations, etc... def common_service_method puts "MailService implementation of common service method" end end #Example usage MailService.create(..., :user_id => user.id) BackupService.create(...., :user_id => user.id) user.services.each do |s| puts "#{user.name} is using #{s.name}" end #Daniel is using MailService, Daniel is using BackupService So, is this the best solution? Or even a good one? How have you solved this kind of problem?

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  • SQL Server becomes slow after restart

    - by Tobi DM
    We use SQL Server 2005 on an Windwos Server 2008. Ther Server has 48 GB RAM. SQL Server is configured to use 40 GB RAM. There is only one database hosted (About 70 GB). The only app beside SQL Server is our App-Server which connects the clients to the database. Now we encounter the following problem: After a restart of the server our the performance is great. The server grabs the 40 GB RAM wich it is allowed to and then runs fast as hell. But after about 4 weeks the system becomes slower and slower. The execution of statements (seen in the profiler) is raising slowly. But I cannot see that there is something going wrong on the server. CPU usage is at about 20% I/O also seems to be no Problem The process monitor does also not show that there are strange apps or something like that. Eventlog does also have no interessting messages No open transactions or blockings to see We tried already the following things without effect: Droped the cache by using the statements DBCC FreeProcCache DBCC FREESYSTEMCACHE('ALL') DBCC DropCleanbuffers Restarted the Appserver we are using. Restart the sql server service But nothing did help exept restarting the whole server. Any ideas?

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  • Should I use IDisposable for purely managed resources?

    - by John Gietzen
    Here is the scenario: I have an object called a Transaction that needs to make sure that only one entity has permission to edit it at any given time. In order to facilitate a long-lived lock, I have the class generating a token object that can be used to make the edits. You would use it like this: var transaction = new Transaction(); using (var tlock = transaction.Lock()) { transaction.Update(data, tlock); } Now, I want the TransactionLock class to implement IDisposable so that its usage can be clear. But, I don't have any unmanaged resources to dispose. however, the TransctionLock object itself is a sort of "unmanaged resource" in the sense that the CLR doesn't know how to properly finalize it. All of this would be fine and dandy, I would just use IDisposable and be done with it. However, my issue comes when I try to do this in the finalizer: ~TransactionLock() { this.Dispose(false); } I want the finalizer to release the transaction from the lock, if possible. How, in the finalizer, do I detect if the parent transaction (this.transaction) has already been finalized? Is there a better pattern I should be using? The Transaction class looks something like this: public sealed class Transaction { private readonly object lockMutex = new object(); private TransactionLock currentLock; public TransactionLock Lock() { lock (this.lockMutex) { if (this.currentLock != null) throw new InvalidOperationException(/* ... */); this.currentLock = new TransactionLock(this); return this.currentLock; } } public void Update(object data, TransactionLock tlock) { lock (this.lockMutex) { this.ValidateLock(tlock); // ... } } internal void ValidateLock(TransactionLock tlock) { if (this.currentLock == null) throw new InvalidOperationException(/* ... */); if (this.currentLock != tlock) throw new InvalidOperationException(/* ... */); } internal void Unlock(TransactionLock tlock) { lock (this.lockMutex) { this.ValidateLock(tlock); this.currentLock = null; } } }

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  • __toString magic and type coercion

    - by TomcatExodus
    I've created a Template class for managing views and their associated data. It implements Iterator and ArrayAccess, and permits "sub-templates" for easy usage like so: <p><?php echo $template['foo']; ?></p> <?php foreach($template->post as $post): ?> <p><?php echo $post['bar']; ?></p> <?php endforeach; ?> Anyways, rather than using inline core functions, such as hash() or date(), I figured it would be useful to create a class called TemplateData, which would act as a wrapper for any data stored in the templates. This way, I can add a list of common methods for formatting, for example: echo $template['foo']->asCase('upper'); echo $template['bar']->asDate('H:i:s'); //etc.. When a value is set via $template['foo'] = 'bar'; in the controllers, the value of 'bar' is stored in it's own TemplateData object. I've used the magic __toString() so when you echo a TemplateData object, it casts to (string) and dumps it's value. However, despite the mantra controllers and views should not modify data, whenever I do something like this: $template['foo'] = 1; echo $template['foo'] + 1; //exception It dies on a Object of class TemplateData could not be converted to int; Unless I recast $template['foo'] to a string: echo ((string) $template['foo']) + 1; //outputs 2 Sort of defeats the purpose having to jump through that hoop. Are there any workarounds for this sort of behavior that exist, or should I just take this as it is, an incidental prevention of data modification in views?

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  • How to Inject code in c# method calls from a separate app

    - by Fusspawn
    I was curious if anyone knew of a way of monitoring a .Net application's runtime info (what method is being called and such) and injecting extra code to be run on certain methods from a separate running process. say i have two applications: app1.exe that for simplicity's sake could be class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { while(true){ Somefunc(); } } static void Somefunc() { Console.WriteLine("Hello World"); } } and I have a second application that I wish to be able to detect when Somefunc() from application 1 is running and inject its own code, class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { while(true){ if(App1.SomeFuncIsCalled) InjectCode(); } } static void InjectCode() { App1.Console.WriteLine("Hello World Injected"); } } So The result would be Application one would show Hello World Hello World Injected I understand its not going to be this simple ( By a long shot ) but I have no idea if it's even possible and if it is where to even start. Any suggestions ? I've seen similar done in java, But never in c#. EDIT: To clarify, the usage of this would be to add a plugin system to a .Net based game that I do not have access to the source code of.

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  • Failure remediation strategy for File I/O

    - by Brett
    I'm doing buffered IO into a file, both read and write. I'm using fopen(), fseeko(), standard ANSI C file I/O functions. In all cases, I'm writing to a standard local file on a disk. How often do these file I/O operations fail, and what should the strategy be for failures? I'm not exactly looking for stats, but I'm looking for a general purpose statement on how far I should go to handle error conditions. For instance, I think everyone recognizes that malloc() could and probably will fail someday on some user's machine and the developer should check for a NULL being returned, but there is no great remediation strategy since it probably means the system is out of memory. At least, this seems to be the approach taken with malloc() on desktop systems, embedded systems are different. Likewise, is it worth reattempting a file I/O operation, or should I just consider a failure to be basically unrecoverable, etc. I would appreciate some code samples demonstrating proper usage, or a library guide reference that indicates how this is to be handled. Any other data is, of course, welcome.

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  • What would you write in a Constitution (law book) for a programmers' country? [closed]

    - by Developer Art
    After we have got our great place to talk about professional matters and sozialize online - on SO, I believe the next logical step would be to found our own country! I invite you all to participate and bring together your available resources. We will buy an island, better even a group of islands so that we could establish states like .NET territories, Java land, Linux republic etc. We will build a society of programmers (girls - we need you too). To the organizational side, we're going to need some sort of a Constitution or a law book. I suggest we write it together. I make it a wiki as it should be a cooperative effort. I'll open the work. Section 1. Programmers' rights. Every citizen has a right to an Internet connection 24/7. Every citizen can freely choose the field of interest Section 2. Programmers' obligations. Every citizen must embrace the changing nature of the profession and constanly educate himself Section 3. Law enforcement. Code duplication when can be avoided is punished by limiting the bandwith speed to 64Kbit for a period of one week. Using ugly hacks instead of refactoring code is punished by cutting the Internet connection for a period of one month. Usage of technologies older than 5/10 years is punished by restricting the web access to the sites last updated 5/10 years ago for a period of one month. Please feel free to modify and extend the list. We'll need to have it ready before we proceed formally with the country foundation. A purchase fund will be established shortly. Everyone is invited to participate.

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  • How to know why an animation stutters?

    - by Patrick Klug
    I have a few fairly simple animations (moving text around, moving ellipses etc.) and running in full screen (1920x1080 minus the task bar) the WPF Performance Suite reports a good framerate around 50 FPS throughout the animation. Dirty Rect Addition is somewhere around 300 rect/s, the SW frames are between 0 and 4 and the HW frames are between 3 and 5. Video memory usage is around 80 MB. Problem is that the animations stutters every other half second. My machine is a new Dell laptop XPS 15 with the GeForce GT 435 with 2GB memory. - The drivers are up to date. (The same behavior occurs on my netbook (in full screen) as well so I don't think it is hardware related.) If I make the window smaller the stutter goes away. The stutter occurs with the simplest of animations - even with just a couple of elements but adding more elements certainly makes it more noticeable. How can I find out what causes this stutter? When I think of it, I have not actually seen any WPF animations which run smoothly in full screen. Is this even possible?

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  • Online file storage similar to Amazon S3

    - by Joel G
    I am looking to code a file storage application in perl similar to amazon s3. I already have a amazon s3 clone that I found online called parkplace but its in ruby and is old also isn't built for high loads. I am not really sure what modules and programs I should use so id like some help picking them out. My requirements are listed below (yes I know there are lots but I could start simple then add more once I get it going): Easy API implementation for client side apps. (maybe RESTful but extras like mkdir and cp (?) Centralized database server for the USERDB (maybe PostgreSQL (?). Logging of all connections, bandwidth used, well pretty much everything to a centralized server (maybe PostgreSQL again (?). Easy server side configuration (config file(s) stored on the servers). Web based control panel for admin(s) and user(s) to show logs. (could work just running queries from the databases) Fast High Uptime Low memory usage Some sort of load distribution/load balancer (maybe a dns based or pound or perlbal or something else (?). Maybe a cache of some sort (memcached or parlbal or something else (?). Thanks in advance

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  • how to fix my error saying expected expression before 'else'

    - by user292489
    this program intended to read a .txt, a set of numbers, file and wwrite to another two .txt files called even amd odd as follows: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i=0,even,odd; int number[i]; // check to make sure that all the file names are entered if (argc != 3) { printf("Usage: executable in_file output_file\n"); exit(0); } FILE *dog = fopen(argv[1], "r"); FILE *feven= fopen(argv[2], "w"); FILE *fodd= fopen (argv[3], "w"); // check whether the file has been opened successfully if (dog == NULL) { printf("File %s cannot open!\n", argv[1]); exit(0); } //odd = fopen(argv[2], "w"); { if (i%2!=1) i++;} fprintf(feven, "%d", even); fscanf(dog, "%d", &number[i]); else { i%2==1; i++;} fprintf(fodd, "%d", odd); fscanf(dog, "%d", &number[i]); fclose(feven); fclose(fodd);

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  • Website. AJAX and FIREFOX problems. I dont think Firefox likes ajax..?

    - by DJDonaL3000
    Working on an AJAX website (HTML,CSS,JavaScript, AJAX, PHP, MySQL). I have multiple javascript functions which take rows from mysql, wrap them in html tags, and embed them in the HTML (the usual usage of AJAX). THE PROBLEM: Everything is working perfect, except when I run the site with Firefox (for once its not InternetExplorer causing the trouble). The site is currently in the developmental stage, so its offline, but running on the localhost (WampServer, apache, Windows XP SP3,VISTA,7). All other cross-browser conflicts have been removed, and works perfectly on all major browsers including IE, Chrome, Opera and Safari, but I get absolutely nothing from the HTTPRequest (AJAX) if the browser is Firefox. All browsers have the latest versions. THE CODE: I have a series of javascript functions, all of which are structured as follows: function getDatay(){ var a = document.getElementById( 'item' ).innerHTML; var ajaxRequest; try{//Browser Support Code: // code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari: ajaxRequest = new XMLHttpRequest(); } catch (e){ // code for IE6, IE5: try{ ajaxRequest = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch (e) { try{ ajaxRequest = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch (e){ // Something went wrong alert("Your browser is not compatible - Browser Incompatibility Issue."); return false; } } } // Create a function that will receive data sent from the server ajaxRequest.onreadystatechange = function(){ if(ajaxRequest.readyState < 4){ document.getElementById( 'theDiv' ).innerHTML = 'LOADING...'; } if(ajaxRequest.readyState == 4){ document.getElementById( 'theDiv' ).innerHTML = ajaxRequest.responseText; } } //Post vars to PHP Script and wait for response: var url="01_retrieve_data_7.php"; url=url+"?a="+a; ajaxRequest.open("POST", url, false);//must be false here to wait for ajaxRequest to complete. ajaxRequest.send(null); } My money is on the final five lines of code being the cause of the problem. Any suggestions how to get Firefox and AJAX working together are most welcome...

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  • Using PHP as template language

    - by Kunal
    I wrote up this quick class to do templating via PHP -- I was wondering if this is easily exploitable if I were ever to open up templating to users (not the immediate plan, but thinking down the road). class Template { private $allowed_methods = array( 'if', 'switch', 'foreach', 'for', 'while' ); private function secure_code($template_code) { $php_section_pattern = '/\<\?(.*?)\?\>/'; $php_method_pattern = '/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)[\s]*\(/'; preg_match_all($php_section_pattern, $template_code, $matches); foreach (array_unique($matches[1]) as $index => $code_chunk) { preg_match_all($php_method_pattern, $code_chunk, $sub_matches); $code_allowed = true; foreach ($sub_matches[1] as $method_name) { if (!in_array($method_name, $this->allowed_methods)) { $code_allowed = false; break; } } if (!$code_allowed) { $template_code = str_replace($matches[0][$index], '', $template_code); } } return $template_code; } public function render($template_code, $params) { extract($params); ob_start(); eval('?>'.$this->secure_code($template_code).'<?php '); $result = ob_get_contents(); ob_end_clean(); return $result; } } Example usage: $template_code = '<?= $title ?><? foreach ($photos as $photo): ?><img src="<?= $photo ?>"><? endforeach ?>'; $params = array('title' => 'My Title', 'photos' => array('img1.jpg', 'img2.jpg')); $template = new Template; echo $template->render($template_code, $params); The idea here is that I'd store the templates (PHP code) in the database, and then run it through the class which uses regular expressions to only allow permitted methods (if, for, etc.). Anyone see an obvious way to exploit this and run arbitrary PHP? If so, I'll probably go the more standard route of a templating language such as Smarty...

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  • How is a referencing environment generally implemented for closures?

    - by Alexandr Kurilin
    Let's say I have a statically/lexically scoped language with deep binding and I create a closure. The closure will consist of the statements I want executed plus the so called referencing environment, or, to quote this post, the collection of variables which can be used. What does this referencing environment actually look like implementation-wise? I was recently reading about ObjectiveC's implementation of blocks, and the author suggests that behind the scenes you get a copy of all of the variables on the stack and also of all the references to heap objects. The explanation claims that you get a "snapshot" of the referencing environment at the point in time of the closure's creation. Is that more or less what happens, or did I misread that? Is anything done to "freeze" a separate copy of the heap objects, or is it safe to assume that if they get modified between closure creation and the closure executing, the closure will no longer be operating on the original version of the object? If indeed there's copying being made, are there memory usage considerations in situations where one might want to create plenty of closures and store them somewhere? I think that misunderstanding of some of these concepts might lead to tricky issues like the ones Eric Lippert mentions in this blog post. It's interesting because you'd think that it wouldn't make sense to keep a reference to a value type that might be gone by the time the closure is called, but I'm guessing that in C# the compiler will figure out that the variable is needed later and put it into the heap instead. It seems that in most memory-managed languages everything is a reference and thus ObjectiveC is a somewhat unique situation with having to deal with copying what's on the stack.

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  • Macro to improve callback registration readability

    - by Warren Seine
    I'm trying to write a macro to make a specific usage of callbacks in C++ easier. All my callbacks are member functions and will take this as first argument and a second one whose type inherits from a common base class. The usual way to go is: register_callback(boost::bind(&my_class::member_function, this, _1)); I'd love to write: register_callback(HANDLER(member_function)); Note that it will always be used within the same class. Even if typeof is considered as a bad practice, it sounds like a pretty solution to the lack of __class__ macro to get the current class name. The following code works: typedef typeof(*this) CLASS; boost::bind(& CLASS :: member_function, this, _1)(my_argument); but I can't use this code in a macro which will be given as argument to register_callback. I've tried: #define HANDLER(FUN) \ boost::bind(& typeof(*this) :: member_function, this, _1); which doesn't work for reasons I don't understand. Quoting GCC documentation: A typeof-construct can be used anywhere a typedef name could be used. My compiler is GCC 4.4, and even if I'd prefer something standard, GCC-specific solutions are accepted.

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  • Error when linking C executable to OpenCV

    - by Ghilas BELHADJ
    I'm compiling OpenCV under Ubuntu 13.10 using cMake. i've already compiled c++ programs and they works well. now i'm trying to compile a C file using this cMakeLists.txt cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 2.8) project (hello) find_package (OpenCV REQUIRED) add_executable (hello src/test.c) target_link_libraries (hello ${OpenCV_LIBS}) here is the test.c file: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <opencv/highgui.h> int main (int argc, char* argv[]) { IplImage* img = NULL; const char* window_title = "Hello, OpenCV!"; if (argc < 2) { fprintf (stderr, "usage: %s IMAGE\n", argv[0]); return EXIT_FAILURE; } img = cvLoadImage(argv[1], CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED); if (img == NULL) { fprintf (stderr, "couldn't open image file: %s\n", argv[1]); return EXIT_FAILURE; } cvNamedWindow (window_title, CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); cvShowImage (window_title, img); cvWaitKey(0); cvDestroyAllWindows(); cvReleaseImage(&img); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } it returns me this error whene running cmake . then make to the project: Linking C executable hello /usr/bin/ld: CMakeFiles/hello.dir/src/test.c.o: undefined reference to symbol «lrint@@GLIBC_2.1» /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libm.so.6: error adding symbols: DSO missing from command line collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status make[2]: *** [hello] Erreur 1 make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/hello.dir/all] Erreur 2 make: *** [all] Erreur 2

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  • Pump Messages During Long Operations + C#

    - by Newbie
    Hi I have a web service that is doing huge computation and is taking more than a minute. I have generated the proxy file of the web service and then from my client end I am using the dll(of course I generated the proxy dll). My client side code is TimeSeries3D t = new TimeSeries3D(); int portfolioId = 4387919; string[] str = new string[2]; str[0] = "MKT_CAP"; DateRange dr = new DateRange(); dr.mStartDate = DateTime.Today; dr.mEndDate = DateTime.Today; Service1 sc = new Service1(); t = sc.GetAttributesForPortfolio(portfolioId, true, str, dr); But since it is taking to much time for the server to compute, after 1 minute I am receiving an error message The CLR has been unable to transition from COM context 0x33caf30 to COM context 0x33cb0a0 for 60 seconds. The thread that owns the destination context/apartment is most likely either doing a non pumping wait or processing a very long running operation without pumping Windows messages. This situation generally has a negative performance impact and may even lead to the application becoming non responsive or memory usage accumulating continually over time. To avoid this problem, all single threaded apartment (STA) threads should use pumping wait primitives (such as CoWaitForMultipleHandles) and routinely pump messages during long running operations. Kindly guide me what to do? Thanks

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