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  • What is the difference between "LINQ to Entities", "LINQ to SQL" and "LINQ to Dataset".

    - by Marcel
    I've been working for quite a while now with LINQ. However, it remains a bit of a mystery what the real differences are between the mentioned flavours of LINQ. The successful answer will contain a short differentiation between them. What is the main goal of each flavor, what is the benefit, and is there a performance impact... P.S. I know that there are a lot of information sources out there, but I'm looking for a kind of a "cheat sheet" which instructs a newbie where to head for a specific goal.

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  • LINQ to Entities question about orderby and null collections.

    - by Chevex
    I am currently developing a forum. I am new to LINQ and EF. In my forum I have a display that shows a list of topics with the most recent topics first. The problem is that "most recent" is relative to the topic's replies. So I don't want to order the list by the topic's posted date, rather I want to order the list by the topic's last reply's posted date. So that topics with newer replies pop back to the top of the list. This is rather simple if I knew that every topic had at least one reply; I would just do this: var topicsQuery = from x in board.Topics orderby x.Replies.Last().PostedDate descending select x; However, in many cases the topic has no replies. In which case I would like to use the topic's posted date instead. Is there a way within my linq query to order by x.PostedDate in the event that the topic has no replies? I'm getting confused by this and any help would be appreciated. With the above query, it breaks on topics with no replies because of the x.Replies.Last() which assumes there are replies. LastOrDefault() doesn't work because I need to access the PostedDate property which also assumes a reply exists. Thanks in advance for any insight.

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  • What is the differnce between "LINQ to Entities", "LINQ to SQL" and "LINQ to Dataset".

    - by Marcel
    Hi all, I'm working for quite a while now with LINQ. However, it remained still a bit of a mystery what are the real differences between the mentioned flavours of LINQ. The successful answer will contain a short differentiation between them. What is the main goal if it, what is the benefit, and is there a performance impact... P.S. I know that there are a lot of information sources out there, but I look for a kind of a "cheat sheet" which instructs a newbie where to head to for a specific goal.

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  • how to select specific number of child entities instead of all in entity framework 3.5?

    - by Sasha
    Hi all, i am wondering how can i select specific number of child objects instead of taking them all with include? lets say i have object 'Group' and i need to select last ten students that joined the group. When i use '.Include("Students"), EF includes all students. I was trying to use Take(10), but i am pretty new to EF and programming as well, so i couldn't figure it out. Any suggestions? UPDATED: ok, i have Group object already retrieved from db like this: Group group = db.Groups.FirstOrDefault(x=>x.GroupId == id) I know that i can add Include("Students") statement, but that would bring ALL students, and their number could be quite big whether i need only freshest 10 students. Can i do something like this: var groupWithStudents = group.Students.OrderByDescending(//...).Take(10);? The problem with this is that Take< no longer appears in intellisense. Is this clear enough? Thanks for responses

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  • In an Entity-Component-System Engine, How do I deal with groups of dependent entities?

    - by John Daniels
    After going over a few game design patterns, I have settle with Entity-Component-System (ES System) for my game engine. I've reading articles (mainly T=Machine) and review some source code and I think I got enough to get started. There is just one basic idea I am struggling with. How do I deal with groups of entities that are dependent on each other? Let me use an example: Assume I am making a standard overhead shooter (think Jamestown) and I want to construct a "boss entity" with multiple distinct but connected parts. The break down might look like something like this: Ship body: Movement, Rendering Cannon: Position (locked relative to the Ship body), Tracking\Fire at hero, Taking Damage until disabled Core: Position (locked relative to the Ship body), Tracking\Fire at hero, Taking Damage until disabled, Disabling (er...destroying) all other entities in the ship group My goal would be something that would be identified (and manipulated) as a distinct game element without having to rewrite subsystem form the ground up every time I want to build a new aggregate Element. How do I implement this kind of design in ES System? Do I implement some kind of parent-child entity relationship (entities can have children)? This seems to contradict the methodology that Entities are just empty container and makes it feel more OOP. Do I implement them as separate entities, with some kind of connecting Component (BossComponent) and related system (BossSubSystem)? I can't help but think that this will be hard to implement since how components communicate seem to be a big bear trap. Do I implement them as one Entity, with a collection of components (ShipComponent, CannonComponents, CoreComponent)? This one seems to veer way of the ES System intent (components here seem too much like heavy weight entities), but I'm know to this so I figured I would put that out there. Do I implement them as something else I have mentioned? I know that this can be implemented very easily in OOP, but my choosing ES over OOP is one that I will stick with. If I need to break with pure ES theory to implement this design I will (not like I haven't had to compromise pure design before), but I would prefer to do that for performance reason rather than start with bad design. For extra credit, think of the same design but, each of the "boss entities" were actually connected to a larger "BigBoss entity" made of a main body, main core and 3 "Boss Entities". This would let me see a solution for at least 3 dimensions (grandparent-parent-child)...which should be more than enough for me. Links to articles or example code would be appreciated. Thanks for your time.

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  • Ask the Readers: How Do You Track Your Time?

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Whether you’re tracking time for a client or keeping track of how you spend your day to bolster productivity, there’s a variety of tools and tricks you can use to get the big picture on where your time is spent. This week we want to hear all about your time tracking tools, tricks, and tips. How do you manage your time? What apps do you use to categorize and sort it? No matter how loosely or tightly you track your time or whether you use an analog or a digital system, we want to hear the ins and outs of it. Sound off in the comments below and then check back in for the What You Said roundup on Friday. Why Enabling “Do Not Track” Doesn’t Stop You From Being Tracked HTG Explains: What is the Windows Page File and Should You Disable It? How To Get a Better Wireless Signal and Reduce Wireless Network Interference

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  • Best way to track multiple sites with Google Analytics

    - by stevether
    I currently have 63 websites (and counting) that I'm tracking on one Google Analytics account, and I'm starting to realize... this is becoming a bit cumbersome. What's the best way to collect traffic data in bulk? Are there other resources out there that are better suited for this task? Does Google offer a bulk option for this kind of thing? Would it be better to make separate analytics accounts? I'm just wondering if anyone else has had found a better solution that manually setting up all these accounts/setting up the tracking codes etc, when it comes to large scale management.

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  • Why does Google Analytics log a user logging in as an exit?

    - by Justin
    I have custom event tracking set up in Google Analytics that tracks when a visitor registers on the site. The tracking is working fine. However, GA is showing that 100% of users "exit" the site after registering. They aren't exiting however, they are just getting logged in. Is there some reason why a user creating a session by logging in would cause GA to lose track of the visitor and think a new user had arrived? Is there any way to prevent this?

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  • PyML 0.7.2 - How to prevent accuracy from dropping after storing/loading a classifier?

    - by Michael Aaron Safyan
    This is a followup from "Save PyML.classifiers.multi.OneAgainstRest(SVM()) object?". The solution to that question was close, but not quite right, (the SparseDataSet is broken, so attempting to save/load with that dataset container type will fail, no matter what. Also, PyML is inconsistent in terms of whether labels should be numbers or strings... it turns out that the oneAgainstRest function is actually not good enough, because the labels need to be strings and simultaneously convertible to floats, because there are places where it is assumed to be a string and elsewhere converted to float) and so after a great deal of hacking and such I was finally able to figure out a way to save and load my multi-class classifier without it blowing up with an error.... however, although it is no longer giving me an error message, it is still not quite right as the accuracy of the classifier drops significantly when it is saved and then reloaded (so I'm still missing a piece of the puzzle). I am currently using the following custom mutli-class classifier for training, saving, and loading: class SVM(object): def __init__(self,features_or_filename,labels=None,kernel=None): if isinstance(features_or_filename,str): filename=features_or_filename; if labels!=None: raise ValueError,"Labels must be None if loading from a file."; with open(os.path.join(filename,"uniquelabels.list"),"rb") as uniquelabelsfile: self.uniquelabels=sorted(list(set(pickle.load(uniquelabelsfile)))); self.labeltoindex={}; for idx,label in enumerate(self.uniquelabels): self.labeltoindex[label]=idx; self.classifiers=[]; for classidx, classname in enumerate(self.uniquelabels): self.classifiers.append(PyML.classifiers.svm.loadSVM(os.path.join(filename,str(classname)+".pyml.svm"),datasetClass = PyML.VectorDataSet)); else: features=features_or_filename; if labels==None: raise ValueError,"Labels must not be None when training."; self.uniquelabels=sorted(list(set(labels))); self.labeltoindex={}; for idx,label in enumerate(self.uniquelabels): self.labeltoindex[label]=idx; points = [[float(xij) for xij in xi] for xi in features]; self.classifiers=[PyML.SVM(kernel) for label in self.uniquelabels]; for i in xrange(len(self.uniquelabels)): currentlabel=self.uniquelabels[i]; currentlabels=['+1' if k==currentlabel else '-1' for k in labels]; currentdataset=PyML.VectorDataSet(points,L=currentlabels,positiveClass='+1'); self.classifiers[i].train(currentdataset,saveSpace=False); def accuracy(self,pts,labels): logger=logging.getLogger("ml"); correct=0; total=0; classindexes=[self.labeltoindex[label] for label in labels]; h=self.hypotheses(pts); for idx in xrange(len(pts)): if h[idx]==classindexes[idx]: logger.info("RIGHT: Actual \"%s\" == Predicted \"%s\"" %(self.uniquelabels[ classindexes[idx] ], self.uniquelabels[ h[idx] ])); correct+=1; else: logger.info("WRONG: Actual \"%s\" != Predicted \"%s\"" %(self.uniquelabels[ classindexes[idx] ], self.uniquelabels[ h[idx] ])) total+=1; return float(correct)/float(total); def prediction(self,pt): h=self.hypothesis(pt); if h!=None: return self.uniquelabels[h]; return h; def predictions(self,pts): h=self.hypotheses(self,pts); return [self.uniquelabels[x] if x!=None else None for x in h]; def hypothesis(self,pt): bestvalue=None; bestclass=None; dataset=PyML.VectorDataSet([pt]); for classidx, classifier in enumerate(self.classifiers): val=classifier.decisionFunc(dataset,0); if (bestvalue==None) or (val>bestvalue): bestvalue=val; bestclass=classidx; return bestclass; def hypotheses(self,pts): bestvalues=[None for pt in pts]; bestclasses=[None for pt in pts]; dataset=PyML.VectorDataSet(pts); for classidx, classifier in enumerate(self.classifiers): for ptidx in xrange(len(pts)): val=classifier.decisionFunc(dataset,ptidx); if (bestvalues[ptidx]==None) or (val>bestvalues[ptidx]): bestvalues[ptidx]=val; bestclasses[ptidx]=classidx; return bestclasses; def save(self,filename): if not os.path.exists(filename): os.makedirs(filename); with open(os.path.join(filename,"uniquelabels.list"),"wb") as uniquelabelsfile: pickle.dump(self.uniquelabels,uniquelabelsfile,pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL); for classidx, classname in enumerate(self.uniquelabels): self.classifiers[classidx].save(os.path.join(filename,str(classname)+".pyml.svm")); I am using the latest version of PyML (0.7.2, although PyML.__version__ is 0.7.0). When I construct the classifier with a training dataset, the reported accuracy is ~0.87. When I then save it and reload it, the accuracy is less than 0.001. So, there is something here that I am clearly not persisting correctly, although what that may be is completely non-obvious to me. Would you happen to know what that is?

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  • PyML 0.7.2 - How to prevent accuracy from dropping after stroing/loading a classifier?

    - by Michael Aaron Safyan
    This is a followup from "Save PyML.classifiers.multi.OneAgainstRest(SVM()) object?". The solution to that question was close, but not quite right, (the SparseDataSet is broken, so attempting to save/load with that dataset container type will fail, no matter what. Also, PyML is inconsistent in terms of whether labels should be numbers or strings... it turns out that the oneAgainstRest function is actually not good enough, because the labels need to be strings and simultaneously convertible to floats, because there are places where it is assumed to be a string and elsewhere converted to float) and so after a great deal of hacking and such I was finally able to figure out a way to save and load my multi-class classifier without it blowing up with an error.... however, although it is no longer giving me an error message, it is still not quite right as the accuracy of the classifier drops significantly when it is saved and then reloaded (so I'm still missing a piece of the puzzle). I am currently using the following custom mutli-class classifier for training, saving, and loading: class SVM(object): def __init__(self,features_or_filename,labels=None,kernel=None): if isinstance(features_or_filename,str): filename=features_or_filename; if labels!=None: raise ValueError,"Labels must be None if loading from a file."; with open(os.path.join(filename,"uniquelabels.list"),"rb") as uniquelabelsfile: self.uniquelabels=sorted(list(set(pickle.load(uniquelabelsfile)))); self.labeltoindex={}; for idx,label in enumerate(self.uniquelabels): self.labeltoindex[label]=idx; self.classifiers=[]; for classidx, classname in enumerate(self.uniquelabels): self.classifiers.append(PyML.classifiers.svm.loadSVM(os.path.join(filename,str(classname)+".pyml.svm"),datasetClass = PyML.VectorDataSet)); else: features=features_or_filename; if labels==None: raise ValueError,"Labels must not be None when training."; self.uniquelabels=sorted(list(set(labels))); self.labeltoindex={}; for idx,label in enumerate(self.uniquelabels): self.labeltoindex[label]=idx; points = [[float(xij) for xij in xi] for xi in features]; self.classifiers=[PyML.SVM(kernel) for label in self.uniquelabels]; for i in xrange(len(self.uniquelabels)): currentlabel=self.uniquelabels[i]; currentlabels=['+1' if k==currentlabel else '-1' for k in labels]; currentdataset=PyML.VectorDataSet(points,L=currentlabels,positiveClass='+1'); self.classifiers[i].train(currentdataset,saveSpace=False); def accuracy(self,pts,labels): logger=logging.getLogger("ml"); correct=0; total=0; classindexes=[self.labeltoindex[label] for label in labels]; h=self.hypotheses(pts); for idx in xrange(len(pts)): if h[idx]==classindexes[idx]: logger.info("RIGHT: Actual \"%s\" == Predicted \"%s\"" %(self.uniquelabels[ classindexes[idx] ], self.uniquelabels[ h[idx] ])); correct+=1; else: logger.info("WRONG: Actual \"%s\" != Predicted \"%s\"" %(self.uniquelabels[ classindexes[idx] ], self.uniquelabels[ h[idx] ])) total+=1; return float(correct)/float(total); def prediction(self,pt): h=self.hypothesis(pt); if h!=None: return self.uniquelabels[h]; return h; def predictions(self,pts): h=self.hypotheses(self,pts); return [self.uniquelabels[x] if x!=None else None for x in h]; def hypothesis(self,pt): bestvalue=None; bestclass=None; dataset=PyML.VectorDataSet([pt]); for classidx, classifier in enumerate(self.classifiers): val=classifier.decisionFunc(dataset,0); if (bestvalue==None) or (val>bestvalue): bestvalue=val; bestclass=classidx; return bestclass; def hypotheses(self,pts): bestvalues=[None for pt in pts]; bestclasses=[None for pt in pts]; dataset=PyML.VectorDataSet(pts); for classidx, classifier in enumerate(self.classifiers): for ptidx in xrange(len(pts)): val=classifier.decisionFunc(dataset,ptidx); if (bestvalues[ptidx]==None) or (val>bestvalues[ptidx]): bestvalues[ptidx]=val; bestclasses[ptidx]=classidx; return bestclasses; def save(self,filename): if not os.path.exists(filename): os.makedirs(filename); with open(os.path.join(filename,"uniquelabels.list"),"wb") as uniquelabelsfile: pickle.dump(self.uniquelabels,uniquelabelsfile,pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL); for classidx, classname in enumerate(self.uniquelabels): self.classifiers[classidx].save(os.path.join(filename,str(classname)+".pyml.svm")); I am using the latest version of PyML (0.7.2, although PyML.__version__ is 0.7.0). When I construct the classifier with a training dataset, the reported accuracy is ~0.87. When I then save it and reload it, the accuracy is less than 0.001. So, there is something here that I am clearly not persisting correctly, although what that may be is completely non-obvious to me. Would you happen to know what that is?

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  • How do I add a trailing slash for Django MPTT-based categorization app?

    - by Patrick Beeson
    I'm using Django-MPTT to develop a categorization app for my Django project. But I can't seem to get the regex pattern for adding a trailing slash that doesn't also break on child categories. Here's an example URL: http://mydjangoapp.com/categories/parentcat/childcat/ I'd like to be able to use http://mydjangoapp.com/categories/parentcat and have it redirect to the trailing slash version. The same should apply to http://mydjangoapp.com/categories/parentcat/childcat (it should redirect to http://mydjangoapp.com/categories/parentcat/childcat/). Here's my urls.py: from django.conf.urls.defaults import patterns, include, url from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page from storefront.categories.models import Category from storefront.categories.views import SimpleCategoryView urlpatterns = patterns('', url(r'^(?P<full_slug>[-\w/]+)', cache_page(SimpleCategoryView.as_view(), 60 * 15), name='category_view'), ) And here is my view: from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse from django.views.generic import TemplateView, DetailView from django.views.generic.detail import SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin, SingleObjectMixin from django.utils.translation import ugettext as _ from django.contrib.syndication.views import Feed from storefront.categories.models import Category class SimpleCategoryView(TemplateView): def get_category(self): return Category.objects.get(full_slug=self.kwargs['full_slug']) def get_context_data(self, **kwargs): context = super(SimpleCategoryView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs) context["category"] = self.get_category() return context def get_template_names(self): if self.get_category().template_name: return [self.get_category().template_name] else: return ['categories/category_detail.html'] And finally, my model: from django.db import models from mptt.models import MPTTModel from mptt.fields import TreeForeignKey class CategoryManager(models.Manager): def get(self, **kwargs): defaults = {} defaults.update(kwargs) if 'full_slug' in defaults: if defaults['full_slug'] and defaults['full_slug'][-1] != "/": defaults['full_slug'] += "/" return super(CategoryManager, self).get(**defaults) class Category(MPTTModel): title = models.CharField(max_length=255) description = models.TextField(blank=True, help_text='Please use <a href="http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/syntax">Markdown syntax</a> for all text-formatting and links. No HTML is allowed.') slug = models.SlugField(help_text='Prepopulates from title field.') full_slug = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=True) template_name = models.CharField(max_length=70, blank=True, help_text="Example: 'categories/category_parent.html'. If this isn't provided, the system will use 'categories/category_detail.html'. Use 'categories/category_parent.html' for all parent categories and 'categories/category_child.html' for all child categories.") parent = TreeForeignKey('self', null=True, blank=True, related_name='children') objects = CategoryManager() class Meta: verbose_name = 'category' verbose_name_plural = 'categories' def save(self, *args, **kwargs): orig_full_slug = self.full_slug if self.parent: self.full_slug = "%s%s/" % (self.parent.full_slug, self.slug) else: self.full_slug = "%s/" % self.slug obj = super(Category, self).save(*args, **kwargs) if orig_full_slug != self.full_slug: for child in self.get_children(): child.save() return obj def available_product_set(self): """ Returns available, prioritized products for a category """ from storefront.apparel.models import Product return self.product_set.filter(is_available=True).order_by('-priority') def __unicode__(self): return "%s (%s)" % (self.title, self.full_slug) def get_absolute_url(self): return '/categories/%s' % (self.full_slug)

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  • Google App Engine python - Self is not defined

    - by sdasdas
    I have a request that maps to this class ChatMsg It takes in 3 get variables, username, roomname, and msg. But it fails on this last line here. class ChatMsg(webapp.RequestHandler): # this is line 239 def get(self): username = urllib.unquote(self.request.get('username')) roomname = urllib.unquote(self.request.get('roomname')) # this is line 242 When it tries to assign roomname, it tells me: <type 'exceptions.NameError'>: name 'self' is not defined Traceback (most recent call last): File "/base/data/home/apps/chatboxes/1.341998073649951735/chatroom.py", line 239, in <module> class ChatMsg(webapp.RequestHandler): File "/base/data/home/apps/chatboxes/1.341998073649951735/chatroom.py", line 242, in ChatMsg roomname = urllib.unquote(self.request.get('roomname')) what the hell is going on to make self not defined

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  • if (self = [super init]) vs. if ((self = [super init]))

    - by JOM
    Was just doing a code review and started to wonder: I thought if (self = [super init]) checks whether assigning return value of [super init] to variable self was successful or not (value of operation). Thus (self = nil) would actually be TRUE. I thought if ((self = [super init])) checks what is the value of self after assignment (value of variable). Thus ((self = nil)) would be FALSE. Which one is the correct way to use when initializing your own classes? Apple documentation uses the former one (for example here), which style I'm actually using now.

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  • Network Tracking

    - by jeswin14
    Hi all, I am having fifty workstations which are connected to a windows server 2003 server and the internet is shared from the server .My question is , am i able to implement a tracking mechanism without using any proxy server and track all the web pages which ever visited by an individual workstation connected to a network?If possible how to achieve that kind of tracking mechanism?Some workstations do open their web pages in InPrivate browsing , can we access those browsing history?

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  • Network Tracking

    - by jeswin14
    Hi all, I am having fifty workstations which are connected to a windows server 2003 server and the internet is shared from the server .My question is , am i able to implement a tracking mechanism without using any proxy server and track all the web pages which ever visited by an individual workstation connected to a network?If possible how to achieve that kind of tracking mechanism?Some workstations do open their web pages in InPrivate browsing , can we access those browsing history?

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  • Is it possible to force the WCF test client to accept a self-signed certificate?

    - by Lawrence Johnston
    I have a WCF web service running in IIS 7 using a self-signed certificate (it's a proof of concept to make sure this is the route I want to go). It's required to use SSL. Is it possible to use the WCF Test Client to debug this service without needing a non-self-signed certificate? When I try I get this error: Error: Cannot obtain Metadata from https:///Service1.svc If this is a Windows (R) Communication Foundation service to which you have access, please check that you have enabled metadata publishing at the specified address. For help enabling metadata publishing, please refer to the MSDN documentation at http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=65455.WS-Metadata Exchange Error URI: https:///Service1.svc Metadata contains a reference that cannot be resolved: 'https:///Service1.svc'. Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel with authority ''. The underlying connection was closed: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel. The remote certificate is invalid according to the validation procedure.HTTP GET Error URI: https:///Service1.svc There was an error downloading 'https:///Service1.svc'. The underlying connection was closed: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel. The remote certificate is invalid according to the validation procedure.

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  • Is it Possible to Use Constraints on Hierarchical Data in a Self-Referential Table?

    - by pbarney
    Suppose you have the following table, intended to represent hierarchical data: +--------+-------------+ | Field | Type | +--------+-------------+ | id | int(10) | | parent | int(10) | | name | varchar(45) | +--------+-------------+ The table is self-referential in that the parent_id refers to id. So you might have the following data: +----+--------+---------------+ | id | parent | name | +----+--------+---------------+ | 1 | 0 | fruit | | 2 | 0 | vegetable | | 3 | 1 | apple | | 4 | 1 | orange | | 5 | 3 | red delicious | | 6 | 3 | granny smith | | 7 | 3 | gala | +----+--------+---------------+ Using MySQL, I am trying to impose a (self-referential) foreign key constraint upon the data to cascade on update and prevent deletion of a record if it has any "children." So I used the following: CREATE TABLE `test`.`fruit` ( `id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `parent` INT(10) UNSIGNED, `name` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), CONSTRAINT `fk_parent` FOREIGN KEY (`parent`) REFERENCES `fruit` (`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE RESTRICT ) ENGINE = InnoDB; From what I understand, this should fit my requirements. (And parent must default to null to allow insertions, correct?) The problem is, if I change the id of a record, it will not cascade: Cannot delete or update a parent row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test`.`fruit`, CONSTRAINT `fk_parent` FOREIGN KEY (`parent`) REFERENCES `fruit` (`id`) ON UPDATE CASCADE) What am I missing? Feel free to correct me if my terminology is screwed up... I'm new to constraints.

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  • Play mp3 using Python, PyQt, and Phonon

    - by KeyboardInterrupt
    I been trying all day to figure out the Qt's Phonon library with Python. My long term goal is to see if I could get it to play a mms:// stream, but since I can't find an implementation of this done anywhere, I will figure that part out myself. (figured I'd put it out there if anyone knew more about this specifically, if not no big deal.) Anyway, I figured I'd work backwards from a working example I found online. This launches a file browser and will play the mp3 file specified. I wanted to strip out the file browser stuff and get it down to the essentials of executing the script and having it play an Mp3 file with a hardcoded path. I'm assuming my problem is a misunderstanding of setCurrentSource() and specifying the data types. (see: http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/static/Docs/PyQt4/html/phonon-mediasource.html#fileName) I'm keeping my question kind of broad because ANY help with understanding Phonon would be greatly appreciated. import sys from PyQt4.QtGui import QApplication, QMainWindow, QDirModel, QColumnView from PyQt4.QtGui import QFrame from PyQt4.QtCore import SIGNAL from PyQt4.phonon import Phonon class MainWindow(QMainWindow): m_model = QDirModel() def __init__(self): QMainWindow.__init__(self) self.m_fileView = QColumnView(self) self.m_media = None self.setCentralWidget(self.m_fileView) self.m_fileView.setModel(self.m_model) self.m_fileView.setFrameStyle(QFrame.NoFrame) self.connect(self.m_fileView, SIGNAL("updatePreviewWidget(const QModelIndex &)"), self.play) def play(self, index): self.delayedInit() self.m_media.setCurrentSource( Phonon.MediaSource(self.m_model.filePath(index))) self.m_media.play() def delayedInit(self): if not self.m_media: self.m_media = Phonon.MediaObject(self) audioOutput = Phonon.AudioOutput(Phonon.MusicCategory, self) Phonon.createPath(self.m_media, audioOutput) def main(): app = QApplication(sys.argv) QApplication.setApplicationName("Phonon Tutorial 2 (Python)") mw = MainWindow() mw.show() sys.exit(app.exec_()) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

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  • Python Tkinter comparing PhotoImage objects

    - by Kyle Schmidt
    In a simple LightsOut game, when I click on a light I need to toggle the image on a button. I'm doing this with Tkinter, so I thought I'd just check and see what image is currently on the button (either 'on.gif' or 'off.gif') and set it to the other one, like this: def click(self,x,y): if self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.off) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.off else: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.on) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on This ends up always being True - I can turn a lgiht off, but never turn it back on. Did some research, realized that I should probably be using cmp: def click(self,x,y): if cmp(self.buttons[x][y].image,self.on) == 0: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.off) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.off else: self.buttons[x][y].config(image=self.on) self.buttons[x][y].image == self.on But that gave me the exact same result. Both self.on and self.off are PhotoImage objects. Aside from keeping a separate set of lists which tracks what type of light is in each position and redrawing them every click, is there a way to directly compare two PhotoImage objects like this?

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  • PyGTK: Trouble with size of ScrolledWindow

    - by canavanin
    Hi everyone! I am using PyGTK and the gtk.Assistant. On one page I have placed a treeview (one column, just strings) in a gtk.ScrolledWindow (I wanted the vertical scrollbar, since the list contains about 35 items). Everything is working fine; the only thing that bugs me is that I have not been able to figure out from the documentation how to set the size of the scrolled window. Currently only three items are displayed at a time; I would like to set this number to 10 or so. Below is the code. As you can see I have tried using a gtk.Adjustment to influence the scrolled window's size, but as - once more - I have been incompetent at retrieving the required info from the documentation, I don't actually know what values should be put into there. self.page7 = gtk.VBox() # The gtk.Adjustment: page_size = gtk.Adjustment(lower=10, page_size=100) # just used some arbitrary numbers here >_< scrolled_win = gtk.ScrolledWindow(page_size) scrolled_win.set_policy(gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC, gtk.POLICY_AUTOMATIC) # only display scroll bars when required self.character_traits_treeview = gtk.TreeView() self.character_traits_treestore = gtk.TreeStore(str) self.character_traits_treeview.set_model(self.character_traits_treestore) tc = gtk.TreeViewColumn("Character traits") self.character_traits_treeview.append_column(tc) cr = gtk.CellRendererText() tc.pack_start(cr, True) tc.add_attribute(cr, "text", 0) self.character_trait_selection = self.character_traits_treeview.get_selection() self.character_trait_selection.connect('changed', self.check_number_of_character_trait_selections) self.character_trait_selection.set_mode(gtk.SELECTION_MULTIPLE) self.make_character_traits_treestore() # adding the treeview to the scrolled window: scrolled_win.add(self.character_traits_treeview) self.page7.pack_start(scrolled_win, False, False, 0) self.assistant.append_page(self.page7) self.assistant.set_page_title(self.page7, "Step 7: Select 2-3 character traits") self.assistant.set_page_type(self.page7, gtk.ASSISTANT_PAGE_CONTENT) self.assistant.set_page_complete(self.page7, False) def check_number_of_character_trait_selections(self, blah): # ... def make_character_traits_treestore(self): # ... I know I should RTFM, but as I can't make head or tail of it, and as further searching, too, has been to no avail, I'm just hoping that someone on here can give me a hint. Thanks a lot in advance! PS: Here are the links to: the gtk.ScrolledWindow documentation the gtk.Adjustment documentation

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  • How can I change 'self.view' within a button method created outside of 'loadView'

    - by Scott
    Hey guys. So I am creating buttons dynamically within loadView. Each of these buttons is given an action using the @Selector method, such as : [button addTarget:self action:@selector(showCCView) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; Now that showCCView method is defined outside of loadView, where this above statement is located. The point of the method is to change the view currently on the screen (so set self.view = ccView). It gives me an error every time I try and access self.view outside of loadView, and even sometimes when I try and access it at random places within loadView, it just has been acting really weird. I tried to change it around so I wouldn't have to deal with this either. I had made a function + (void) showView: (UIView*) oldView: (UIView*) newView; but this didn't work out either because the @Selector was being real prissy about using it with a function that needed two parameters. Any help please? Here is my code: // // SiteOneController.m // InstantNavigator // // Created by dni on 2/22/10. // Copyright 2010 __MyCompanyName__. All rights reserved. // #import "SiteOneController.h" @implementation SiteOneController + (UIView*) ccContent { UIView *ccContent = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]]; ccContent.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; [ccContent addSubview:[SiteOneController myNavBar1:@"Constitution Center Content"]]; return ccContent; } // Button Dimensions int a = 62; int b = 80; int c = 200; int d = 30; // NPSIN Green Color + (UIColor*)myColor1 { return [UIColor colorWithRed:0.0f/255.0f green:76.0f/255.0f blue:29.0f/255.0f alpha:1.0f]; } // Creates Nav Bar with default Green at top of screen with given String as title + (UINavigationBar*)myNavBar1: (NSString*)input { UIView *test = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]]; UINavigationBar *navBar = [[UINavigationBar alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, test.bounds.size.width, 45)]; navBar.tintColor = [SiteOneController myColor1]; UINavigationItem *navItem; navItem = [UINavigationItem alloc]; navItem.title = input; [navBar pushNavigationItem:navItem animated:false]; return navBar; } //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------// //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------// //-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------// // Implement loadView to create a view hierarchy programmatically, without using a nib. - (void)loadView { //hard coded array of content for each site // CC NSMutableArray *allccContent = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSString *cc1 = @"House Model"; NSString *cc2 = @"James Dexter History"; [allccContent addObject: cc1]; [cc1 release]; [allccContent addObject: cc2]; [cc2 release]; // FC NSMutableArray *allfcContent = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSString *fc1 = @"Ghost House"; NSString *fc2 = @"Franklins Letters"; NSString *fc3 = @"Franklins Business"; [allfcContent addObject: fc1]; [fc1 release]; [allfcContent addObject: fc2]; [fc2 release]; [allfcContent addObject: fc3]; [fc3 release]; // PC NSMutableArray *allphContent = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSString *ph1 = @"Changing Occupancy"; NSString *ph2 = @"Sketches"; NSString *ph3 = @"Servant House"; NSString *ph4 = @"Monument"; NSString *ph5 = @"Virtual Model"; [allphContent addObject: ph1]; [ph1 release]; [allphContent addObject: ph2]; [ph2 release]; [allphContent addObject: ph3]; [ph3 release]; [allphContent addObject: ph4]; [ph4 release]; [allphContent addObject: ph5]; [ph5 release]; // Each content page's view //UIView *ccContent = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]]; UIView *fcContent = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]]; UIView *phContent = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]]; //ccContent.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; fcContent.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; phContent.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; //[ccContent addSubview:[SiteOneController myNavBar1:@"Constitution Center Content"]]; [fcContent addSubview:[SiteOneController myNavBar1:@"Franklin Court Content"]]; [phContent addSubview:[SiteOneController myNavBar1:@"Presidents House Content"]]; //allocate the view self.view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame]]; //set the view's background color self.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; [self.view addSubview:[SiteOneController myNavBar1:@"Sites"]]; NSMutableArray *sites = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; NSString *one = @"Constution Center"; NSString *two = @"Franklin Court"; NSString *three = @"Presidents House"; [sites addObject: one]; [one release]; [sites addObject: two]; [two release]; [sites addObject: three]; [three release]; NSString *ccName = @"Constitution Center"; NSString *fcName = @"Franklin Court"; NSString *element; int j = 0; for (element in sites) { UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; //setframe (where on screen) //separation is 15px past the width (45-30) button.frame = CGRectMake(a, b + (j*45), c, d); [button setTitle:element forState:UIControlStateNormal]; button.backgroundColor = [SiteOneController myColor1]; /*- (void) fooFirstInput:(NSString*) first secondInput:(NSString*) second { NSLog(@"Logs %@ then %@", first, second); } - (void) performMethodsViaSelectors { [self performSelector:@selector(fooNoInputs)]; [self performSelector:@selector(fooOneInput:) withObject:@"first"]; [self performSelector;@selector(fooFirstInput:secondInput:) withObject:@"first" withObject:@"second"];*/ //UIView *old = self.view; if (element == ccName) { [button addTarget:self action:@selector(showCCView) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; } else if (element == fcName) { } else { } [self.view addSubview: button]; j++; } } // This method show the content views for each of the sites. /*+ (void) showCCView { self.view = [SiteOneController ccContent]; }*/

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  • Tracking My Internet Provider Speeds

    - by Scott Weinstein
    Of late, our broadband internet has been feeling sluggish. A call to the company took way more hold-time than I wanted to spend, and it only fixed the problem for a short while. Thus a perfect opportunity to play with some new tech to solve a problem, in this case, documenting a systemic issue from a service provider. The goal – a log a internet speeds, taken say every 15 min. Recording ping time, upload speed, download speed, and local LAN usage.   The solution A WCF service to measure speeds Internet speed was measured via speedtest.net LAN usage was measured by querying my router for packets received and sent A SQL express instance to persist the data A PowerShell script to invoke the WCF service – launched by Windows’ Task Scheduler An OData WCF Data Service to allow me to read the data MS PowerPivot to show a nice viz (scratch that, the beta expired) LinqPad to get the data, export it to excel Tableau Public to show the viz     Powered by Tableau

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  • An XEvent a Day (15 of 31) – Tracking Ghost Cleanup

    - by Jonathan Kehayias
    If you don’t know anything about Ghost Cleanup, I recommend highly that you go read Paul Randal’s blog posts Inside the Storage Engine: Ghost cleanup in depth , Ghost cleanup redux , and Turning off the ghost cleanup task for a performance gain .  To my knowledge Paul’s posts are the only things that cover Ghost Cleanup at any level online. In this post we’ll look at how you can use Extended Events to track the activity of Ghost Cleanup inside of your SQL Server.  To do this, we’ll first...(read more)

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