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  • Server freeze (Disk I/O possibly)

    - by user973917
    I have a Windows Server 2008 machine that is resyncing disks after a powerloss. The issue is that the system becomes unresponsive after about 10 minutes. We've checked with resource monitor and found that the CPU's aren't maxed; but the disk I/O is well over 250MB/s. We've attempted copying data from 1 disk to another; bypassing syncing of disks and this too causes the machine to freeze after about 10 minutes of copying data. I have attempted to let the machine resync the disks for a few days with the machine on in this "frozen" state. By frozen I mean that NOTHING works on the machine, it's completely unresponsive; no mouse movement, etc. I want to know how I would go about definitively checking if this is Disk I/O that is freezing the system. I know that disk I/O can freeze a system; but what can I use to run tests to be sure?

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  • Preventing battery from charging

    - by intuited
    I'm running on UPS power and would like to prevent the laptop's battery from charging, to increase the amount of power available to other devices. Is there a way to do this? update The machine is a Dell Latitude D400. If people want more details, just ask. Also, I'm gathering that I need to explain my desired setup a little better. I've gotten a bunch of suggestions about taking the battery out. I'm not sure if people are suggesting to take the battery out while the machine is running — this, as I understand, is not a good idea with most laptops — or to just remove the battery altogether. The latter option is not optimal, because ideally I'd like to use the 30-60 minutes of power in the laptop battery and then switch over to UPS power. The details of the switch-over may constitute a separate question, but if I can't find a way to keep the laptop battery from charging, then removing the battery from the machine altogether may be the best way to do this. I'm not sure yet if this machine will run without a battery, but I'll check that out. Other than the laptop, the UPS is just supporting a cable modem and router and a USB hub. Again in the idealized version of this setup, all the power management changes would be automated, i.e. not require replugging anything or pressing Fn-keys. I'd like the machine to start using laptop battery power when apcupsd indicates that the UPS A/C is out, and then start using UPS power, but not charging the battery, when the battery is almost depleted.

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  • default gateway of a host

    - by varun
    if my understanding is correct, the following is what happens when a host A wants to communicate with a machine X outside its network. 1) The host ,checks it routing table to find out if there is any direct routes to the machine. 2) It finds out that the machine is outside its network and has to sent the packets to the default gateway(router) R. 3) The host sents an ARP broadcast to get the mac of the router R. 4) After getting the MAC, the host creates a packet with src IP and MAC as that of the host A, dest IP of the remote machine X and dest MAC of the router R. 5)The router R receives the packet, either drops its or sents its to its next hope, which can be another router or the remote machine X itself. Can anyone explain, how the steps would be, if i set the default gateway of the host A as host A itself...?

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  • How do I install a 32-bit Java runtime on an amd64 server with multiarch?

    - by kbyrd
    I'm a long time Ubuntu user, but I haven't been following the community for the last several versions. I just did fresh default minimal amd64 install of Oneiric and I need a 32-bit JRE for a particular application. I last did this on 10.10, so I am not familiar with the multiarch stuff. Instead of installing ia32-libs, I read a bit and tried: aptitude install default-jre-headless:i386 But that just got me: The following NEW packages will be installed: default-jre-headless{b} openjdk-6-jre-headless{ab} The following packages are RECOMMENDED but will NOT be installed: icedtea-6-jre-cacao icedtea-6-jre-jamvm 0 packages upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 27.3 MB of archives. After unpacking 82.1 MB will be used. The following packages have unmet dependencies: default-jre-headless: Depends: java-common which is a virtual package. openjdk-6-jre-headless: Depends: openjdk-6-jre-lib (>= 6b23~pre10-0ubuntu5) which is a virtual package. Depends: ca-certificates-java which is a virtual package. Depends: tzdata-java which is a virtual package. Depends: java-common (>= 0.28) which is a virtual package. Depends: libcups2 but it is not going to be installed. Depends: liblcms1 but it is not going to be installed. Depends: libjpeg62 but it is not going to be installed. Depends: libnss3-1d (>= 3.12.9+ckbi-1.82-0ubuntu4) but it is not going to be installed. Depends: libc6 (>= 2.11) but it is not going to be installed. Depends: libfreetype6 (>= 2.2.1) but it is not going to be installed. Depends: libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1) but it is not going to be installed. Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 4.1.1) but it is not going to be installed. Depends: zlib1g (>= 1:1.1.4) but it is not going to be installed. The following actions will resolve these dependencies: Keep the following packages at their current version: 1) default-jre-headless [Not Installed] 2) openjdk-6-jre-headless [Not Installed] Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] q Is aptitude not installing the 32-bit versions of the dependencies? What is the right way to do this? I'll likely want both a 64-bit and a 32-bit JRE if that matters.

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  • Help me a routing server on Windows XP

    - by Lu Lu
    I am developing client/server applications and need to test them on Internet environment. However, I only have one PC without connecting the public internet, so I have a plan to simulate a virtual internet environment on my PC. I think I will install the virtual machines for my purpose, but I can install only one machine because of my slowly PC. At the moment, my PC has 2 machines: the host machine (use Windows XP) & the virtual machine (use Windows Server 2003 Ent). Each machine will have 2 network adapter (host-only & internal), and in 2 network adapters, the internal adapter is private on each machine, and host-only adapters are connected together. With Windows 2003, routing server is ok, but I wonder on Windows XP, are there any routing server product? Please help me. Thanks.

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  • Making Google Talk messages appear on all logged in clients.

    - by Ryan Hayes
    We're using Google Talk as our unofficial-official chat client around the office at work. One thing that poses a big problem almost every day is the fact that Google Talk only sends a message to the clients that you last used. Even though you may be logged into GTalk on 3 different machines, if you start talking on one machine, that becomes your "active" machine, and if you go to another machine, you will still only get messages on the last active machine. Is there a way that you can force Google Talk to send messages to ALL logged in clients, regardless of which client you are actively using? That way, you don't miss any messages during the time between when you get up from the active machine and then make the new client "active".

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  • Bookmarks folder on two machines not syncing

    - by AsheeshR
    I have Chromium installed on a Ubuntu 12.04 machine and Chrome on a Windows 7 machine. Both are updated to newest stable release. I am logged in on both machines with the same Google account. I created a folder A on my Windows machine and bookmarked some pages. A few hours later and before the folder appeared, I created a folder named A on the Ubuntu machine and continued adding links to it. Now, both the folders are not syncing and contain links local to each machine only. Is there any way to resolve this?

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  • TightVNC grey screen?

    - by gary
    I'm trying to help my mom remotely with some PC problems. She's not too computer savvy, so to keep the firewall stuff on my side of things, I tried to use a reverse VNC connection: On my machine, I set up TightVNC client in listening mode. I also opened TCP port 5500 on my router and firewall, and checked it using http://canyouseeme.org/. On her machine, I (instructed her to) set up TightVNC server, and connect to my machine's IP ('Add New Client...'). Both machines run Windows XP & TightVNC 1.3.10. The problem: When she tries to connect, a TightVNC window with grey background pops up on my machine, but I never get to see the remote desktop. It just remains grey. However, it seems that I control the mouse on the remote side (she says it's moving). I tried to reverse-connect from another machine on my LAN and it works without a problem. Any idea what the problem could be?

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  • PHP `virtual()` with Apache MultiViews not working after upgrade to 12.04

    - by Izzy
    I use PHP's virtual() directive quite a lot on one of my sites, including central elements. This worked fine for the last ~10 years -- but after upgrading to 12.04 it somehow got broken. Example setup (simplified) To make it easier to understand, I simplify some things (contents). So say I need a HTML fragment like <P>For further instructions, please look <A HREF='foobar'>here</P> in multiple pages. 10 years ago, I used SSI for that, so it is put into a file in a central place -- so if e.g. the targeted URL changes, I only need to update it in one place. To serve multiple languages, I have Apache's MultiViews enabled -- and at $DOCUMENT_ROOT/central/ there are the files: foobar.html (English variant, and the default) foobar.html.de (German variant). Now in the PHP code, I simply placed: <? virtual("/central/foobar"); ?> and let Apache take care to deliver the correct language variant. The problem As said, this worked fine for about 10 years: German visitors got the German variant, all others the English (depending on their preferred language). But after upgrading to Ubuntu 12.04, it no longer worked: Either nothing was delivered from the virtual() command, or (in connection with framesets) it even ended up in binary gibberish. Trying to figure out what happens, I played with a lot of things. I first thought MultiViews was (somehow) not available anymore -- but calling http://<server>/central/foobar showed the right variant, depending on the configured language preferences. This also proved there was nothing wrong with file permissions. The error.log gave no clues either (no error message thrown). Finally, just as a "last ressort", I changed the PHP command to <? virtual("central/foobar.html"); ?> -- and that very same file was in fact included. But the language dependend stuff obviously did no longer work. Of course I tried to find some change (most likely in PHP's virtual() command), using Google a lot, and also searching the questions here -- unfortunately to no avail. Finally: The question Putting "design questions" aside (surely today I would design things differently -- but at least currently I miss the time to change that for a quite huge amount of pages): What can be done to make it work again? I surely missed something -- but I cannot figure out what...

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  • Windows Desktop Virtualization Gets Easier

    - by andrewbrust
    This past Thursday, Microsoft announced that Windows (7) Virtual PC (WVPC) and its XP Mode feature would no longer require hardware assisted virtualization (HAV).  That means any PC running Windows 7 Pro, or higher, can now run this software.  And that’s a great thing because, as I noted in a post almost five month ago, determining whether a given PC you might be planning to buy actually offers HAV can be extremely difficult.  That meant even dedicated, sophisticated PC users, with a budget for new hardware, might be blocked from using this technology.  And that was just plain silly. One of the features offered by WVPC, and utilized heavily by XP Mode, is the concept of virtual applications: apps within a guest VM that can actually run within the host’s desktop environment.  I find this feature so powerful that my February Redmond Review column entertained the notion of a future version of Windows that runs all applications in this manner. The elimination of the HAV requirement for XP Mode and WVPC was just one of many virtualization-related announcements Microsoft made on Thursday.  And, interestingly, most of the others were also desktop-related, rather than server-related.  This is a welcome change from the multi-year period in which Microsoft enhanced its server virtualization lineup (in Hyper-V) and let the desktop platform fester.  Microsoft now seems to understand desktop virtualization is in high-demand and strengthens the Windows franchise.  As I explained in the column, even cloud computing can have a desktop spin if desktop virtualization is part of the equation. One company that knows this well is Citrix, and a closer alliance between Microsoft and Citrix was one of the many announcements from Thursday.  In fact, there’s a whole Web site dedicated to the alliance at http://www.citrixandmicrosoft.com/. I’d love to see virtual applications and entire virtual desktops offered as Azure-branded services.  This could allow me to run, for example, the full Office client on a variety of desktops I might use, and for large organizations it could easily reduce the expense, burden and duration of the deployment cycle for new versions of Office.  Business Intelligence providers, including my own firm, twentysix New York, would find great relief in enabling their customers to run the newest version of Excel, with the latest BI capabilities, instead of having to wait the requisite two to three years it takes for many Fortune 500 customers to upgrade. Microsoft should do more, and faster.  WVPC still does not support 64-bit guest images, even on 64-bit hosts.  That needs to be fixed.  File access from the guest to the host needs to be improved (right now, it’s done through Terminal Services/Remote Desktop file sharing, and it’s slow) and VM load times need to be significantly reduced before virtualized apps can become the norm.  (I suppose the advance of solid state drive technology will help there.) I do think these improvements will come, because Microsoft is focused on the virtual desktop now.  And that’s a smart focus to have.

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  • Windows Azure Training Kit October 2012 Release

    - by Clint Edmonson
    The Windows Azure Technical Evangelism team have been busy bees lately and we want to share with you what they’ve been working on. As you know we release the Windows Azure Training Kit on a regular cadence, so I’m pleased to announce the Windows Azure Training Kit October 2012 Release. This update of the training kit includes 47 hands-on labs, 24 demos and 38 presentations designed to help you learn how to build applications that use Windows Azure services, including updated hands-on labs to use the latest version of Visual Studio 2012 and Windows 8, new demos and presentations. Essential Links: Windows Azure Training Kit Download Windows Azure Training Kit Github [Issues] Updated Presentations With Speaker Notes Your voices were heard loud and clear! I am excited to announce Speaker Notes have been added to a the majority of the content we have available. Find the new updated decks which contain speaker notes below: Foundation SQL Federation Virtual Machine Overview Virtual Networks Windows 8 and Windows Azure Web Sites Windows Azure Cloud Services Windows Azure Overview Windows Azure Service Bus Deploying Active Directory Building Apps With IaaS and PaaS Identity and Access Control Linux Virtual Machines Managing Virtual Machines PowerShell Migrating Apps and Workloads Scalable Global and Highly Available Apps Security and Identity SQL Database SQL Database Migration Cloud Service Life Cycle DevCamps Cloud Services iOS, Android and Windows Azure Windows 8 and Windows Azure Web Sites Windows 8 and Windows Azure Mobile Services Added Localized Content Due to the excitement in the community surrounding the mobile services launch, it was apparent that we needed to make localized content available to continue to deliver the exciting message around Windows Azure Mobile Services. Localized content is available in the following languages: French Japanese German Chinese (Taiwan) Spanish Italian Korean Portuguese (Brazilian) Russian Updated Hands-On Labs To support those who have upgraded to Visual Studio 2012 or those trying out the Visual Studio 2012 Express Editions, we have made sure that the content is available and supported (selected labs only) in Visual Studio 2012 Express and up. Visual Studio 2012 Windows Azure Traffic Manager Introduction to Cloud Services Service Bus Messaging Introduction to Access Control Service This adds a significant amount of additional content, so we have revamped the Hands-On Lab Navigation page to include subsections for Visual Studio 2012 Labs, Visual Studio 2010 Labs, Open Source Labs, Scenario Labs, All Labs. Added Demos Demos are available for a number of presentations which are available in Foundation, DevCamp, ITPro Event & Device + Service DevCamps. You can browse through the demos on the respective Demo Navigation page or on Github (links provided in Demo listing below). HelloASP Connecting Cloud Services Service Bus Relay Windows 8 and Mobile Services URL Shortener iOS Client Migrating a Web Farm Deploying Active Directory URL Shortener Service  (PHP) Geo-Location Service (PHP) Geo-Location Android Client Getting Started with VMs Load Balancing Availability Deploying Hybrid Apps Migrate VM AppController Geo-Location iOS Client Scale Up/Down Using CSUpload URL Shortener Android Client Imaging Virtual Machines The Windows Azure Training Kit is open source and available on GitHub, enabling you in the community to Report Issues or Fork and either extend the solution or commit bug fixes back to the Training Kit. You can find out more details about  the training kit from our GitHub Page including guidelines on how to commit back to the project. Stay tuned to my twitter feed for Windows Azure and other Microsoft announcements, updates, and links: @clinted

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  • Nodes inside Cisco VPN. Incoming SSH requests allowed. But can't initiate an outbound SSH.

    - by Douglas Peter
    I've a gateway-to-gateway VPN setup between my Linksys RV042 router and a Cisco VPN. I am able to SSH into any of the machine inside the VPN from my network. But none of the machines inside the VPN can initiate an SSH into my network. It seems they've blocked even all ping requests to my network gateway. This is the requirement: I have scripts that SSH into the machines inside the VPN and run a long mysql query. The query generates an output to a file. The time that these queries take is variable. So I have a loop in my machine that periodically SSHes into the VPN machine and checks if the query has finished, and pulls the generated file using SCP. I need to simplify it thus: The script will run at the machine inside the VPN, and when the query completes, it will SSH into my machine and pushes the generated file. Thanks for any ideas.

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  • How to Hibernate from .NET Apps and How to enable Hibernate in Windows XP

    The usage of Computer desktop or laptop is increased all around the world phenomenally. This link gives you the picture on how power consumption is for various devices we use daily. to reduce the power consumption Hibernate is one of the best way provided by default in Windows Vista or Windows 7. Hibernate feature enables you to close the machine without closing your applications, that means the applications will be restored as they were once we restart the machine. Hibernate feature is not enabled in Windows XP by default. I’ve seen many people that they run (do not switch off) the machines months and months as they do not want to close the windows or applications running in Windows XP. below are the steps to enable Hibernate in Windows XP. Right click on Desktop. Click on properties. Go to screen save tab. Click on power button Select Hibernate tab Check the checkbox “Enabled Hibernate” Apply the settings. Now when you try to shutdown, “Shut down windows” dialog shows “Hibernate” options. Now you can safely close the machine without closing your applications or windows as they will be restored once you on the machine. </SPAN? Some time you might want to provide this future programmatically for the applications you develop for windows. Generally you might want to provide this option in windows applications where process needs huge time. Download managers are the one of the best example. below is the code to do a Hibernate from the .NET code. using System.Windows.Forms;namespace CodeKicks.WinApp.Machine{ public static class MyMachineHelper { public static void DoHibernate() { //Application.SetSuspendState(PowerState.Suspend, true, false); Application.SetSuspendState(PowerState.Hibernate, true, false); } }} span.fullpost {display:none;}

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  • remote desktop to Fedora 20 with xrdp

    - by 5YrsLaterDBA
    I was able to setup xrdp on my Fedora 13 machine and access it from my Windows 7 machine by follow the steps on the first post on this thread It was simple and easy. But when i try the same on my Fefora 20 machine, things are quite different. There is no error message but some new info like these: # chkconfig --levels 35 xrdp on Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable xrdp.service'. # service xrdp start Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start xrdp.service and then I cannot remote it from my window machine. I also did the following based on the last post of above threa: # yum -y install tigervnc-server Any configuration I should do to make xrdp works for me? I was able to ping each other. EDIT: I can access the shared folder on my Windows machine from my Fedora 20. It seems the problem is on the Fedora side. how to know the service on linux is running? The "service --status-all" cannot give me useful information.

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  • Decrypting Windows XP encrypted files from an old disk

    - by Uri Cohen
    I had an old Windows XP machine with an encrypted directory. When moving to a new Win7 machine I connected the old disk as a slave in the new machine, and hence cannot access the encrypted files. Chances don't seem good as documentation warns you: "Do not Delete or Rename a User's account from which will want to Recover the Encrypted Files. You will not be able to de-crypt the files using the steps outlined above." On the other hand, I have full access to the machine, so maybe there's a utility which can extract the keys and use the to decrypt the files... BTW, I didn't have a password in the old machine, if it's relevant. Ideas, anyone? Thanks!

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  • Adding git branch to bash prompt on snow leopard

    - by crayment
    I am using this: $(__git_ps1 '(%s)') It works however it does not update when I change directories or checkout a new branch. I also have this alias: alias reload='. ~/.bash_profile' Sample run: user@machine:~/dev/rails$cd git_folder/ user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder$reload user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(test)$git checkout master Switched to branch 'master' user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(test)$reload user@machine:~/dev/rails/git_folder(master)$ As you can see it is being set correctly but only if I reload bash_profile. I have wasted way to much time on this. I am using bash on snow leopard. Please help!

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  • Default file permissions for php user www-data

    - by John Isaacks
    I have a php installed on my ubuntu machine. The web root is /var/www I set the permissions for this folder like so: sudo chown -R ftpuser:www-data /var/www ftpuser is the user I set up so I can ftp to /var/www from another machine on the network. www-data is the user php uses. I double checked using whoami from php. Whenever I ftp upload a new file to the machine the group has no permissions to the file. So when I try to access it in my browser via machine-name/new-file.php I am told permission denied and I have to go and chmod the new file. I am wondering if there is a way I can default the www-data user/group to have access permissions to new files so I don't have to keep chmod every new file?

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  • Setup dhcpd without gateway on purpose

    - by MBober
    I have an XP machine with two network interfaces. One is connected to my company's network (and the Internet). The other is a very local network which connects some hardware with my PC. Both the hardware and my XP machine's second network interface obtain configuration from a dhcpd running on Ubuntu in a virtual machine on my XP machine. I entered some dummy gateway in /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf like 192.168.3.1 which does not match any existing device just to get dhcpd started. The problem is that my XP machine now tries to route Internet traffic through 192.168.3.1 in most of the cases which, of course, results in an error. Is there any way to set up dhcpd in a way that the clients know that there is no gateway in this network? By the way: setting the gateway manually in XP is off the table because this needs administrator privileges which I don't have.

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  • Authenticating a Windows client to a Samba share

    - by hekevintran
    I have a Samba network share being served by a Linux machine. The share is read-only unless you give it a username and password. I want my Windows 7 client machine to connect to it. It appears that the Windows machine is connecting as a guest because it does not have write access. The Windows machine never asks me whether or not it should connect as a guest or with a username. How do I make the Windows machine authenticate? Where do I input my password? This seems like such a simple thing yet I am totally confused. On Mac OS and Linux, it simply asks you for a username.

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  • HD latency measurement using bonnie++ on different machines with different RAM size

    - by j0nes
    Hello, I have run bonnie++ v1.96 on two different servers without any additional load. One server is a "physical" Dell server with 32GB RAM, the other one is a virtual instance with 14GB RAM. I have read in the bonnie manuals that I should use two times the size of RAM in my bonnie runs, so I used 64GB on the physical machine and 28GB on the virtual machine. Now I want to compare the results, and I am wondering whether the results are comparable at all. The most interesting part is the latency part - on the physical machine, the values are about 10 times higher than on the virtual machine! Can I take these results seriously (e.g. the virtual machine HD is much much faster) or does the different RAM size tamper the results? Thanks! Jonas

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  • Apache - create multiple aliases

    - by mc3mcintyre
    I'm trying to setup two websites on my Apache server. One is www.domain.com and the other is test.domain.com. Currently, my 000-default.conf file reads as follows: <VirtualHost www:80> # The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that # the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating # redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName # specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to # match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this # value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless. # However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly. #ServerName www.domain.com #ServerAlias www ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /var/www/domain.com/ # Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn, # error, crit, alert, emerg. # It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular # modules, e.g. #LogLevel info ssl:warn ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/domain.error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/domain.access.log combined UseCanonicalName on allow from all Options +Indexes # For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are # enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to # include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the # following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only # after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf". #Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost test:80> DocumentRoot "/var/www/domain.com/test/" ServerName test.domain.com ServerAdmin [email protected] ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/test.domain.error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/test.domain.access.log combined UseCanonicalName on allow from all Options +Indexes </VirtualHost> # vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet As is, when I use a browser to go to the www location, it show me a directory listing. However, if I remove the www:80 on Line 1 and replace it with *:80, it correctly displays the webpage. I don't understand why. Can anyone help me configure this 000-default.conf file so that www goes to "/var/www/domain.com" and that test goes to "/var/www/domain.com/test"? Thank you.

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  • Why is there no service-oriented language?

    - by Wolfgang
    Edit: To avoid further confusion: I am not talking about web services and such. I am talking about structuring applications internally, it's not about how computers communicate. It's about programming languages, compilers and how the imperative programming paradigm is extended. Original: In the imperative programming field, we saw two paradigms in the past 20 years (or more): object-oriented (OO), and service-oriented (SO) aka. component-based (CB). Both paradigms extend the imperative programming paradigm by introducing their own notion of modules. OO calls them objects (and classes) and lets them encapsulates both data (fields) and procedures (methods) together. SO, in contrast, separates data (records, beans, ...) from code (components, services). However, only OO has programming languages which natively support its paradigm: Smalltalk, C++, Java and all other JVM-compatibles, C# and all other .NET-compatibles, Python etc. SO has no such native language. It only comes into existence on top of procedural languages or OO languages: COM/DCOM (binary, C, C++), CORBA, EJB, Spring, Guice (all Java), ... These SO frameworks clearly suffer from the missing native language support of their concepts. They start using OO classes to represent services and records. This leads to designs where there is a clear distinction between classes that have methods only (services) and those that have fields only (records). Inheritance between services or records is then simulated by inheritance of classes. Technically, its not kept so strictly but in general programmers are adviced to make classes to play only one of the two roles. They use additional, external languages to represent the missing parts: IDL's, XML configurations, Annotations in Java code, or even embedded DSL like in Guice. This is especially needed, but not limited to, since the composition of services is not part of the service code itself. In OO, objects create other objects so there is no need for such facilities but for SO there is because services don't instantiate or configure other services. They establish an inner-platform effect on top of OO (early EJB, CORBA) where the programmer has to write all the code that is needed to "drive" SO. Classes represent only a part of the nature of a service and lots of classes have to be written to form a service together. All that boiler plate is necessary because there is no SO compiler which would do it for the programmer. This is just like some people did it in C for OO when there was no C++. You just pass the record which holds the data of the object as a first parameter to the procedure which is the method. In a OO language this parameter is implicit and the compiler produces all the code that we need for virtual functions etc. For SO, this is clearly missing. Especially the newer frameworks extensively use AOP or introspection to add the missing parts to a OO language. This doesn't bring the necessary language expressiveness but avoids the boiler platform code described in the previous point. Some frameworks use code generation to produce the boiler plate code. Configuration files in XML or annotations in OO code is the source of information for this. Not all of the phenomena that I mentioned above can be attributed to SO but I hope it clearly shows that there is a need for a SO language. Since this paradigm is so popular: why isn't there one? Or maybe there are some academic ones but at least the industry doesn't use one.

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  • New computer hangs on shutdown/reboot, how to troubleshoot?

    - by torbengb
    Summary: My machine hangs on shutdown/restart: all windows and the menu bar disappear but the desktop wallpaper remains, and it stays like that without disk activity forever (hours). It doesn't even show the shutdown screen (the one with the animated dots) where I could hit ESC and watch the shutdown text. How can I troubleshoot this? Details: I've just received a new nettop computer (Acer Aspire Revo 3700: CPU:Atom D525, GPU:Nvidia ION2). I've just made a clean install of Ubuntu 10.10 using the standard USB pendrive method. The machine boots okay and works OK including WLAN and audio, but the graphics are not OK. Ubuntu offered to install&activate the current recommended Nvidia driver, but the machine hangs on shutdown/restart which prevents the installation of the proper Nvidia driver. I have to cycle the power to reboot. I ran the Update Manager in the hope that the updates would fix the hang-up. At the end of the update-installation it asked to reboot - and got stuck just like before. I see no obvious cause of the freeze and I don't know if it's caused by graphics problems or anything else. The only USB attachment is a mouse/keyboard; I don't have any external storage attached; and I don't have any programs running (the machine freezes even when doing restart right after login). How can I determine what is causing the freeze? How can I fix this? I'm frankly rather disappointed because I bought this new machine in the hopes of getting the graphics to work, which failed miserably on my old machine, even though Ubuntu is supposed to be good with Nvidia. Being a fresh convert from Windows, I was hoping for a happier experience this time, so I'm very much looking forward to your suggestions! ... After posting this question, I see related questions in the right sidebar: this, this, and this. Don't know why these didn't show up while I composed by question. Those questions suggest some ACPI settings but I am not experienced enough to find/change those settings. I'll try the sudo shutdown -h now command when I get home and see if that works, then update this question. I did check the system BIOS but didn't see anything out of the ordinary.

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  • Flexible Keyboard starts too late

    - by user289237
    So I just managed to revive an old Windows XP machine that I am getting ready to format into Ubuntu 14.04. However the USB keyboard I have plugged in, powers down with the machine (obviously) but doesn't power up until the Windows loading screen (After my only chance to select boot device, for which I have a USB) It is really frustrating as this renders the f12 key useless and me stuck with a decade + 2 old machine. Thanks for any help :D

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  • Laptop resumes from suspend while lid is closed

    - by Gus
    I have a Dell Studio 15 and I am running Ubuntu 10.10. When I close my lid or select the suspend option, the machine suspends as indicated by the slowly pulsing power indicator. I'll put the machine in my bag and after a while it seems that the machine resumes, at least I think. When ever I go to get it, it's overheated and the system cannot resume. I am guessing that the processor resets in this overheat condition, but heat is still generated. This has happened about three times and I'm getting worried that I'll end up damaging the machine. How can I diagnose why the system is resuming from suspend? Can I force it to never resume from suspend if the lid is down?

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