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  • Discover the MySQL Connect Content Catalog!

    - by Bertrand Matthelié
    The MySQL Connect content catalog is now live! MySQL Connect offers you a unique opportunity to attend:Keynotes including: "The State of the Dolphin", by Oracle's Chief Corporate Architect Edward Screven and VP of MySQL Engineering Tomas Ulin. An exciting panel on "Current MySQL Usage Models and Future Developments" with Davi Arnaud from LinkedIn, Daniel Austin from PayPal, Mark Callaghan from Facebook and Calvin Sun from Twitter. Over 65 Conference sessions enabling you to hear from: Oracle MySQL engineers on MySQL 5.6, InnoDB, replication, performance tuning, security, NoSQL, MySQL Cluster, Big Data...and more. MySQL customers including the US Census Bureau, Big Fish Games, Booking.com, Ticketmaster, and Tumblr. Internationally recognized MySQL community members and partners on topics such as performance, MySQL 5.6, backup, MySQL in the Cloud, OpenStack and Hadoop. 6 Birds-of-a-feather sessions about sharding, replication, backup, and other subjects.8 Hands-On Labs designed to give you hands-on experience about MySQL replication, the MySQL Performance Schema, MySQL Cluster...and more.6 Tutorials providing you in-depth knowledge about MySQL Performance Tuning best practices, enhancing productivity with MySQL 5.6 new features or the essentials to get started with MySQL (tutorials are available as an add-on package to MySQL Connect registrants).Demo pods and exhibitors, to learn more about Partner’s and Oracle’s offerings.Receptions on both Saturday and Sunday nights, enabling you to ask all your questions to Oracle's MySQL engineers and to network with some of the world’s best MySQL professionals.Check out the MySQL Connect content catalog and find out about the amazing sessions you have the opportunity to attend.Reminder: The early bird discount is running until July 19, Register Now to save US$500! Plan to Attend Oracle OpenWorld or JavaOne? Add the MySQL Connect event to your Oracle OpenWorld or JavaOne registration for only US$100. Exhibit/Sponsorship opportunities are also available. We look forward to seeing you at MySQL Connect!

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  • Firefox does not print flash content

    - by Rochelle
    I am using Firefox 3.6.15 on a Windows 7 Professional, 64-bit Operating System, Intel Core i7 CPU, 3.33GHz, 10BG RAM, by Hewlett-Packard. Firefox does not print flash content, aka swf objects, nor does it show them in the print preview pane...I want to print out the entire web page with the flash content. I seem to only be able to see flash and html content together in print preview and to print in IE8. I have tried to google this issue, but could not find a solution. I was trying to print preview/print out the following site: http://www.discovertheponds.com/. Flash content will display in print preview and print in IE8, but neither print preview or print in Firefox. I have also updated the Java on my computer to the most recent update, and ran the firefox plug-in checker at http://www.mozilla.com/en-US/plugincheck/ . I do run Firebug and Web Developer, but have currently disabled them. Is this problem on my end, meaning some issue with my computer...or is this because of how the website was programmed in HTML/Flash...or is this a bug with Firefox? I am a website designer and am also concerned that others will not be able print sites I develop or have already developed that have flash content from Firefox. I used to think Firefox was better than IE at everything. What happened here? Was it some change in Firefox's version that caused this problem?

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  • Don't Use "Static" in C#?

    - by Joshiatto
    I submitted an application I wrote to some other architects for code review. One of them almost immediately wrote me back and said "Don't use "static". You can't write automated tests with static classes and methods. "Static" is to be avoided." I checked and fully 1/4 of my classes are marked "static". I use static when I am not going to create an instance of a class because the class is a single global class used throughout the code. He went on to mention something involving mocking, IOC/DI techniques that can't be used with static code. He says it is unfortunate when 3rd party libraries are static because of their un-testability. Is this other architect correct? update: here is an example: APIManager - this class keeps dictionaries of 3rd party APIs I am calling along with the next allowed time. It enforces API usage limits that a lot of 3rd parties have in their terms of service. I use it anywhere I am calling a 3rd party service by calling Thread.Sleep(APIManager.GetWait("ProviderXYZ")); before making the call. Everything in here is thread safe and it works great with the TPL in C#.

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  • The Citroen GT – An Awesome Video Game Car Brought to Life [Video]

    - by Asian Angel
    If you are familiar with the Gran Turismo 5 video game releases, then you will definitely recognize the Citroen GT. French automaker Citroen and Japanese racing simulation developer Polyphony Digital decided to take things one step further and collaborated to bring this awesome car to life. Then they turned it loose on the streets of London! Citroen GT on the Streets of London (HD) [via BoingBoing] You can learn more about the Citroen GT, car show appearances, and more at Wikipedia: GT by Citroen Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How to Enable User-Specific Wireless Networks in Windows 7 How to Use Google Chrome as Your Default PDF Reader (the Easy Way) How To Remove People and Objects From Photographs In Photoshop Ask How-To Geek: How Can I Monitor My Bandwidth Usage? Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Here’s a Super Simple Trick to Defeating Fake Anti-Virus Malware The Citroen GT – An Awesome Video Game Car Brought to Life [Video] Final Man vs. Machine Round of Jeopardy Unfolds; Watson Dominates Give Chromium-Based Browser Desktop Notifications a Native System Look in Ubuntu Chrome Time Track Is a Simple Task Time Tracker Google Sky Map Turns Your Android Phone into a Digital Telescope Walking Through a Seaside Village Wallpaper

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  • Drag2Up Brings Multi-Source Drag and Drop Uploading to Firefox

    - by ETC
    Last fall we shared Drag2Up with you, a handy little Chrome extension that make it a snap to drag, drop, and upload files to a variety of file sharing sites. Now that same easy sharing is available for Firefox. Just like the Chrome version the Firefox version adds in super simple drag and drop file sharing to your web browsing experience. Drag images, text, and other file types onto any text box and Drag2Up uploads them to the file sharing service you’ve specified in the settings menu such as Imgur, Imageshack, Pastebin, Hotfile, Droplr, and more. Hit up the link below to read more and grab a copy for your Firefox install. Drag2Up [Mozilla Add-ons] Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How To Make Hundreds of Complex Photo Edits in Seconds With Photoshop Actions How to Enable User-Specific Wireless Networks in Windows 7 How to Use Google Chrome as Your Default PDF Reader (the Easy Way) How To Remove People and Objects From Photographs In Photoshop Ask How-To Geek: How Can I Monitor My Bandwidth Usage? Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Never Call Me at Work [Humorous Star Wars Video] Add an Image Properties Listing to the Context Menu in Chrome and Iron Add an Easy to View Notification Badge to Tabs in Firefox SpellBook Parks Bookmarklets in Chrome’s Context Menu Drag2Up Brings Multi-Source Drag and Drop Uploading to Firefox Enchanted Swing in the Forest Wallpaper

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  • SQL SERVER – A Funny Cartoon on Index

    - by pinaldave
    Performance Tuning has been my favorite subject and I have done it for many years now. Today I will list one of the most common conversation about Index I have heard in my life. Every single time, I am at consultation for performance tuning I hear following conversation among various team members. I want to ask you, does this kind of conversation happens in your organization? Any way, If you think Index solves all of your performance problem I think it is not true. There are many other reason one has to consider along with Indexes. For example I consider following various topic one need to understand for performance tuning. ?Logical Query Processing ?Efficient Join Techniques ?Query Tuning Considerations ?Avoiding Common Performance Tuning Issues Statistics and Best Practices ?TempDB Tuning ?Hardware Planning ?Understanding Query Processor ?Using SQL Server 2005 and 2008 Updated Feature Sets ?CPU, Memory, I/O Bottleneck Index Tuning (of course) ?Many more… Well, I have written this blog thinking I will keep this blog post a bit easy and not load up. I will in future discuss about other performance tuning concepts. Let me know what do you think about the cartoon I made. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Humor, SQL Index, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • Runaway version store in tempdb

    - by DavidWimbush
    Today was really a new one. I got back from a week off and found our main production server's tempdb had gone from its usual 200MB to 36GB. Ironically I spent Friday at the most excellent SQLBits VI and one of the sessions I attended was Christian Bolton talking about tempdb issues - including runaway tempdb databases. How just-in-time was that?! I looked into the file growth history and it looks like the problem started when my index maintenance job was chosen as the deadlock victim. (Funny how they almost make it sound like you've won something.) That left tempdb pretty big but for some reason it grew several more times. And since I'd left the file growth at the default 10% (aaargh!) the worse it got the worse it got. The last regrowth event was 2.6GB. Good job I've got Instant Initialization on. Since the Disk Usage report showed it was 99% unallocated I went into the Shrink Files dialogue which helpfully informed me the data file was 250MB.  I'm afraid I've got a life (allegedly) so I restarted the SQL Server service and then immediately ran a script to make the initial size bigger and change the file growth to a number of MB. The script complained that the size was smaller than the current size. Within seconds! WTF? Now I had to find out what was using so much of it. By using the DMV sys.dm_db_file_space_usage I found the problem was in the version store, and using the DMV sys.dm_db_task_space_usage and the Top Transactions by Age report I found that the culprit was a 3rd party database where I had turned on read_committed_snapshot and then not bothered to monitor things properly. Just because something has always worked before doesn't mean it will work in every future case. This application had an implicit transaction that had been running for over 2 hours.

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  • Resolve Instructional Webcast Series — E-Business Suite Payables Period Close

    - by user793044
    Resolve Instructional Webcast Series — New Product Specific Troubleshooting Topics For E-Business we have coming up: Title: Resolve—Best Practices for E-Business Suite Payables Period Close Date: Nov 7, 2012 Time: 8:00 am MT - 3:00 pm GMT - 10:00 am Eastern - 8:30 pm India - 7:00 am Pacific This one-hour webcast shows you how to use 3 main recommendations: Period Close Helper – New Diagnostic to identify and resolve period close issues. Master Generic Datafix Diagnostic (MGD) usage in proactive/reactive mode. Recommended Patch Collection (RPC) uptake. This session will help customers to plan and complete their month on month period close activities successfully. Also, in approaching period close in a proactive way. It will assist in order to avoid last minute hassles and prevent delays in achieving the Period Close deadlines. Customers who are involved in the Payables period close activities (both Functional and Technical) will benefit most from the webcast. Join us. Leverage this opportunity to learn Support Best Practices that help you resolve the issues you face with your Oracle products. Oracle Support experts provide live demonstrations of proactive resources. You will see you how working proactively helps you work more efficiently—from using the right tools to providing the right information on Service requests—you can get answers faster. Register for sessions now Resolve—Troubleshooting Questions? Contact Oracle’s "Get Proactive" team today. WORK SMART. SOLVE FAST. RESOLVE.

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  • Lazy coding is fun

    - by Anthony Trudeau
    Every once in awhile I get the opportunity to write an application that is important enough to do, but not important enough to do the right way -- meaning standards, best practices, good architecture, et al.  I call it lazy coding.  The industry calls it RAD (rapid application development). I started on the conversion tool at the end of last week.  It will convert our legacy data to a completely new system which I'm working on piece by piece.  It will be used in the future, but only the new parts because it'll only be necessary to convert the individual pieces of the data once.  It was the perfect opportunity to just whip something together, but it was still functional unlike a prototype or proof of concept.  Although I would never write an application like this for a customer (internal or external) this methodology (if you can call it that) works great for something like this. I wouldn't be surprised if I get flamed for equating RAD to lazy coding or lacking standards, best practice, or good architecture.  Unfortunately, it fits in the current usage.  Although, it's possible to create a good, maintainable application using the RAD methodology, it's just too ripe for abuse and requires too much discipline for someone let alone a team to do right. Sometimes it's just fun to throw caution to the wind and start slamming code.

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  • Ubuntu Studio Audio Issue with Alsa - No sound

    - by ddragon
    Spec: OS: Ubuntu Studio 13.10 64bit CPU: AMD FX 4100 Quad Core Memory: 6GB DDR3 Video: Radeon HD 4250 (embedded on the mobo) Sound: Delta 66 PCI Issue: I just installed Ubuntu Studio and found out that the streaming audio on a few common website such as Youtube had no sound, and also my CD/DVDs via a player. Thus, in the terminal, I entered: sudo alsa force-reload It actually worked but the sound/audio output was MONO and NOT Stereo (the sources are set to stereo stereo), and it seemed I was not able to locate any settings that can switch the output sound to stereo at all. I went through many forums and eventually "autoremove" pulseaudio since many said I would not be able to utilize both pulseaudio and alsa in this case. Now, I have no audio whatsoever. Does this version of Ubuntu only offer mono sound/audio no matter what I do? Then, I may just need to ditch the whole thing and go back to Windows, which I don't want to since Ubuntu Studio offers many great apps, soundfonts etc.. I have also installed restricted extra, but even after rebooting, it did not resolve the issue. In the terminal mode, I pulled "alsamixer" and unmuted almost everything. But still no sound after a reboot. Just an FYI, I have no saved data under this version of Ubuntu Studio yet, so please feel free to let me know whether I need to install Studio 12.10 instead or mess with some installing/uninstalling apps/plug-ins, etc... If it breaks at some point, all I need to do is to re-install it, which I do not mind at all. Or, if you can provide me a step by step instruction to get this work, I do not mind clean install the Studio 13.10 then wait for your instruction AT ALL!

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  • Mission critical embedded language

    - by Moe
    Maybe the question sounds a bit strange, so i'll explain a the background a little bit. Currently i'm working on a project at y university, which will be a complete on-board software for an satellite. The system is programmed in c++ on top of a real-time operating system. However, some subsystems like the attitude control system and the fault detection and a space simulation are currently only implemented in Matlab/Simulink, to prototype the algorithms efficiently. After their verification, they will be translated into c++. The complete on-board software grew very complex, and only a handful people know the whole system. Furthermore, many of the students haven't program in c++ yet and the manual memory management of c++ makes it even more difficult to write mission critical software. Of course the main system has to be implemented in c++, but i asked myself if it's maybe possible to use an embedded language to implement the subsystem which are currently written in Matlab. This embedded language should feature: static/strong typing and compiler checks to minimize runtime errors small memory usage, and relative fast runtime attitude control algorithms are mainly numerical computations, so a good numeric support would be nice maybe some sort of functional programming feature, matlab/simulink encourage you to use it too I googled a bit, but only found Lua. It looks nice, but i would not use it in mission critical software. Have you ever encountered a situation like this, or do you know any language, which could satisfies the conditions? EDIT: To clarify some things: embedded means it should be able to embed the language into the existing c++ environment. So no compiled languages like Ada or Haskell ;)

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  • Libgdx - 2D Mesh rendering overlap glitch

    - by user46858
    I am trying to render a 2D circle segment mesh (quarter circle)using Libgdx/Opengl ES 2.0 but I seem to be getting an overlapping issue as seen in the picture attached. I cant seem to find the cause of the problem but the overlapping disappears/reappears if I drag and resize the window to random sizes. The problem occurs on both pc and android. The strange thing is the first two segments atleast dont seem to be causing any overlapping only the third and/or forth segment.......even though they are all rendered using the same mesh object..... I have spent ages trying to find the cause of the problem before posting here for help so ANY help/advice in finding the cause of this problem would be really appreciated. public class MyGdxGame extends Game { private SpriteBatch batch; private Texture texture; private OrthographicCamera myCamera; private float w; private float h; private ShaderProgram circleSegShader; private Mesh circleScaleSegMesh; private Stage stage; private float TotalSegments; Vector3 virtualres; @Override public void create() { w = Gdx.graphics.getWidth(); h = Gdx.graphics.getHeight(); batch = new SpriteBatch(); ViewPortsize = new Vector2(); TotalSegments = 4.0f; virtualres = new Vector3(1280.0f, 720.0f, 0.0f); myCamera = new OrthographicCamera(); myCamera.setToOrtho(false, w, h); texture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("data/libgdx.png")); texture.setFilter(TextureFilter.Linear, TextureFilter.Linear); circleScaleSegMesh = createCircleMesh_V3(0.0f,0.0f,200.0f, 30.0f,3, (360.0f /TotalSegments) ); circleSegShader = loadShaderFromFile(new String("circleseg.vert"), new String("circleseg.frag")); shaderProgram.pedantic = false; stage = new Stage(); stage.setViewport(new ExtendViewport(w, h)); Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(stage); } @Override public void render() { .... //render renderInit(); renderCircleScaledSegment(); } @Override public void resize(int width, int height) { stage.getViewport().update(width, height, true); myCamera.position.set( virtualres.x/2.0f, virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); myCamera.update(); } public void renderInit(){ Gdx.gl20.glClearColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); Gdx.gl20.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL20.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); batch.setShader(null); batch.setProjectionMatrix(myCamera.combined); } public void renderCircleScaledSegment(){ Gdx.gl20.glEnable(GL20.GL_DEPTH_TEST); Gdx.gl20.glBlendFunc(GL20.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL20.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); Gdx.gl20.glEnable(GL20.GL_BLEND); batch.begin(); circleSegShader.begin(); Matrix4 modelMatrix = new Matrix4(); Matrix4 cameraMatrix = new Matrix4(); Matrix4 cameraMatrix2 = new Matrix4(); Matrix4 cameraMatrix3 = new Matrix4(); Matrix4 cameraMatrix4 = new Matrix4(); cameraMatrix = myCamera.combined.cpy(); modelMatrix.idt().rotate(new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f), 0.0f - ((360.0f /TotalSegments)/ 2.0f)).trn(virtualres.x/2.0f,virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); cameraMatrix.mul(modelMatrix); cameraMatrix2 = myCamera.combined.cpy(); modelMatrix.idt().rotate(new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f), 0.0f - ((360.0f /TotalSegments)/ 2.0f) +(360.0f /TotalSegments) ).trn(virtualres.x/2.0f,virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); cameraMatrix2.mul(modelMatrix); cameraMatrix3 = myCamera.combined.cpy(); modelMatrix.idt().rotate(new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f), 0.0f - ((360.0f /TotalSegments)/ 2.0f) +(2*(360.0f /TotalSegments))).trn(virtualres.x/2.0f,virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); cameraMatrix3.mul(modelMatrix); cameraMatrix4 = myCamera.combined.cpy(); modelMatrix.idt().rotate(new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f),0.0f - ((360.0f /TotalSegments)/ 2.0f) +(3*(360.0f /TotalSegments)) ).trn(virtualres.x/2.0f,virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); cameraMatrix4.mul(modelMatrix); Vector3 box2dpos = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); circleSegShader.setUniformMatrix("u_projTrans", cameraMatrix); circleSegShader.setUniformf("u_box2dpos", box2dpos); circleSegShader.setUniformi("u_texture", 0); texture.bind(); circleScaleSegMesh.render(circleSegShader, GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); circleSegShader.setUniformMatrix("u_projTrans", cameraMatrix2); circleSegShader.setUniformf("u_box2dpos", box2dpos); circleSegShader.setUniformi("u_texture", 0); texture.bind(); circleScaleSegMesh.render(circleSegShader, GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); circleSegShader.setUniformMatrix("u_projTrans", cameraMatrix3); circleSegShader.setUniformf("u_box2dpos", box2dpos); circleSegShader.setUniformi("u_texture", 0); texture.bind(); circleScaleSegMesh.render(circleSegShader, GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); circleSegShader.setUniformMatrix("u_projTrans", cameraMatrix4); circleSegShader.setUniformf("u_box2dpos", box2dpos); circleSegShader.setUniformi("u_texture", 0); texture.bind(); circleScaleSegMesh.render(circleSegShader, GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); circleSegShader.end(); batch.flush(); batch.end(); Gdx.gl20.glDisable(GL20.GL_DEPTH_TEST); Gdx.gl20.glDisable(GL20.GL_BLEND); } public Mesh createCircleMesh_V3(float cx, float cy, float r_out, float r_in, int num_segments, float segmentSizeDegrees){ float theta = (float) (2.0f * MathUtils.PI / (num_segments * (360.0f / segmentSizeDegrees))); float c = MathUtils.cos(theta);//precalculate the sine and cosine float s = MathUtils.sin(theta); float t,t2; float x = r_out;//we start at angle = 0 float y = 0; float x2 = r_in;//we start at angle = 0 float y2 = 0; float[] meshCoords = new float[num_segments *2 *3 *7]; int arrayIndex = 0; //array for triangles without indices for(int ii = 0; ii < num_segments; ii++) { meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x2+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y2+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; t = x; x = c * x - s * y; y = s * t + c * y; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x2+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y2+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; t2 = x2; x2 = c * x2 - s * y2; y2 = s * t2 + c * y2; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x2+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y2+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; } Mesh myMesh = new Mesh(VertexDataType.VertexArray, false, meshCoords.length, 0, new VertexAttribute(VertexAttributes.Usage.Position, 3, "a_position"), new VertexAttribute(VertexAttributes.Usage.Color, 4, "a_color")); myMesh.setVertices(meshCoords); return myMesh; } }

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  • BPM Standard Edition to start your BPM project

    - by JuergenKress
    Oracle have launched the new BPM Standard Edition. BPM Standard Edition is an entry level BPM offering designed to help organisations implement their first few processes in order to prove the value of BPM within their own organisation. Based on the highly regarded BPM Suite, BPM SE is a restricted use license that is licensed on a Named User basis. This new commercial offering gives Partners and Oracle the opportunity to address new markets and fast track adoption of Oracle BPM by starting small and proving the Return on Investment by working closely with our Customers. This is a great opportunity for Partners to use BPM SE as a core element of your own BPM ‘go to market’ value propositions. Please contact either Juergen Kress or Mike Connaughton if you would like to make these value propositions available to the Oracle Field Sales organisation and to advertise them on the EMEA BPM intranet. Click here to see the replay of webcast and download the slides here. Need BPM support? E-Mail: [email protected] Tel. 441189247673 Additional updated BPM material: Whitepaper: BPM10g Usage Guidelines - Design Practices to Facilitate Migration to BPM 12c (Partner & Oracle confidential) Article: 10 Ways to Tactical Business Success with BPM To access the documents please visit the SOA Community Workspace (SOA Community membership required) SOA & BPM Partner Community For regular information on Oracle SOA Suite become a member in the SOA & BPM Partner Community for registration please visit  www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa (OPN account required) If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Mix Forum Technorati Tags: BPM Standard Edition,BPM Suite,BPM,SOA Specialization award,SOA Community,Oracle SOA,Oracle BPM,BPM Community,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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  • How to open a VirtualBox (.VDI) Virtual Machine

    - by [email protected]
     How to open a .VDI Virtual MachineSometimes someone share with us one Virtual machine with extension .VDI, after that we can wonder how and what with?Well the answer is... It is a VirtualBox - Virtual Machine. If you have not downloaded it you can do this easily, just follow this post.http://listeningoracle.blogspot.com/2010/04/que-es-virtualbox.htmlorhttp://oracleoforacle.wordpress.com/2010/04/14/ques-es-virtualbox/Ok, Now with VirtualBox Installed open it and proceed with the following:1. Open the Virtual File Manager. 2. Click on Actions ? Add and select the .VDI fileClick "Ok"3.  A new Virtual machine will be displayed, (in this Case, an OEL5 32GB Virtual Machine is available.)4. This step is important. Once you have open the settings, under General option click the advanced settings. Here you must change the default directory to save your Snapshots; my recommendation set it to the same directory where the .Vdi file is. Otherwise you can have the same Virtual Machine and its snapshots in different paths.5. Now Click on System, and proceed to assign the correct memory and define the processors for the Virtual machine. Note: Enable  "Enable IO APIC" if you are planning to assign more than one CPU to the Virtual Machine.6. Associated the storage disk to the Virtual machineThe disk must be selected as IDE Primary Master. 7. Well you can verify the other options, but with these changes you will be able to start the VM. Note: Sometime the VM owner may share some instructions, if so follow his instructions.8. Click Ok and Push Start Button, and enjoy your Virtual Machine

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  • How to open a VirtualBox (.VDI) Virtual Machine

    - by [email protected]
     How to open a .VDI Virtual MachineSometimes someone share with us one Virtual machine with extension .VDI, after that we can wonder how and what with?Well the answer is... It is a VirtualBox - Virtual Machine. If you have not downloaded it you can do this easily, just follow this post.http://listeningoracle.blogspot.com/2010/04/que-es-virtualbox.htmlorhttp://oracleoforacle.wordpress.com/2010/04/14/ques-es-virtualbox/Ok, Now with VirtualBox Installed open it and proceed with the following:1. Open the Virtual File Manager. 2. Click on Actions ? Add and select the .VDI fileClick "Ok"3.  A new Virtual machine will be displayed, (in this Case, an OEL5 32GB Virtual Machine is available.)4. This step is important. Once you have open the settings, under General option click the advanced settings. Here you must change the default directory to save your Snapshots; my recommendation set it to the same directory where the .Vdi file is. Otherwise you can have the same Virtual Machine and its snapshots in different paths.5. Now Click on System, and proceed to assign the correct memory and define the processors for the Virtual machine. Note: Enable  "Enable IO APIC" if you are planning to assign more than one CPU to the Virtual Machine.6. Associated the storage disk to the Virtual machineThe disk must be selected as IDE Primary Master. 7. Well you can verify the other options, but with these changes you will be able to start the VM. Note: Sometime the VM owner may share some instructions, if so follow his instructions.8. Click Ok and Push Start Button, and enjoy your Virtual Machine

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  • Make Your Clock Creates a Custom Clock for your Android Homescreen

    - by ETC
    If you’d like to create a custom clock face your Android homescreen Make Your Clock makes it easy to create a clock face with customized colors, font, display style, and more. You can create a clock that looks like a digital watch face, an old fashioned flip clock, a combination of digital output and date, and other variations. You can also adjust the size of the clock to anywhere between 1×1 to 4×2. Currently the app is limited to displaying the time and date, future releases are slated to include weather and lunar phases in addition to the time. Check out the video below to see the app in action: Make Your Clock [AppBrain via Yahoo!] Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How To Remove People and Objects From Photographs In Photoshop Ask How-To Geek: How Can I Monitor My Bandwidth Usage? Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Here’s a Super Simple Trick to Defeating Fake Anti-Virus Malware How to Change the Default Application for Android Tasks Stop Believing TV’s Lies: The Real Truth About "Enhancing" Images The Legend of Zelda – 1980s High School Style [Video] Suspended Sentence is a Free Cross-Platform Point and Click Game Build a Batman-Style Hidden Bust Switch Make Your Clock Creates a Custom Clock for your Android Homescreen Download the Anime Angels Theme for Windows 7 CyanogenMod Updates; Rolls out Android 2.3 to the Less Fortunate

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  • Progress 4GL and DB to Oracle and cloud

    - by llaszews
    Getting from client/server based 4GLs and databases where the 4GL is tightly linked to the database to Oracle and the cloud is not easy. The least risky and expensive option (in the short term) is to use the Progress OpenEdge DataServer for Oracle: Progress OpenEdge DataServer This eliminates the need to have to migrate the Progress 4GL to Java/J2EE. The database can be migrated using SQLWays Ispirer: Ispirer SQLWays ProgressDB migrations tool The Progress 4GL can remain as is. In order to get the application on the cloud there are a few approaches: 1. VDI - Virtual Desktop is a way to put all of the users desktop in a centralized environment off the desktop. This is great in cases where it is just not one client/server application that the user needs access too. In many cases, users will utilize MS Access, MS Excel, Crystal Reports and other tools to get at the Progress DB and other centralized databases. Vmware's acquistion of Wanova shows how VDI is growing in usage. Citrix is the 800 pound gorilla in the VDI space with Citrix WinFrame (now called XenDesktop). Oracle offers a VDI solution that Oracle picked up when it acquired Sun. 2. Hypervisor Server Virtualization - Of course you can place applications written in client/server languages like Progress 4GL buy using server virtualization from Oracle, VMWare, Microsoft, Citrix and others. 3. Microsoft Remote Desktop Services (aka: Terminal Services Client) The entire idea is to eliminate all the client/server desktop devices and connections which require desktop software and database drivers. A solution to removing database drivers from the desktop is to use DataDirect SQLLink

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  • Going Paperless

    - by Jesse
    One year ago I came to work for a company where the entire development team is 100% “remote”; we’re spread over 3 time zones and each of us works from home. This seems to be an increasingly popular way for people to work and there are many articles and blog posts out there enumerating the advantages and disadvantages of working this way. I had read a lot about telecommuting before accepting this job and felt as if I had a pretty decent idea of what I was getting into, but I’ve encountered a few things over the past year that I did not expect. Among the most surprising by-products of working from home for me has been a dramatic reduction in the amount of paper that I use on a weekly basis. Hoarding In The Workplace Prior to my current telecommute job I worked in what most would consider pretty traditional office environments. I sat in cubicles furnished with an enormous plastic(ish) modular desks, had a mediocre (at best) PC workstation, and had ready access to a seemingly endless supply of legal pads, pens, staplers and paper clips. The ready access to paper, countless conference room meetings, and abundance of available surface area on my desk and in drawers created a perfect storm for wasting paper. I brought a pad of paper with me to every meeting I ever attended, scrawled some brief notes, and then tore that sheet off to keep next to my keyboard to follow up on any needed action items. Once my immediate need for the notes was fulfilled, that sheet would get shuffled off into a corner of my desk or filed away in a drawer “just in case”. I would guess that for all of the notes that I ever filed away, I might have actually had to dig up and refer to 2% of them (and that’s probably being very generous). That said, on those rare occasions that I did have to dig something up from old notes, it was usually pretty important and I ended up being very glad that I saved them. It was only when I would leave a job or move desks that I would finally gather all those notes together and take them to shredding bin to be disposed of. When I left my last job the amount of paper I had accumulated over my three years there was absurd, and I knew coworkers who had substance-abuse caliber paper wasting addictions that made my bad habit look like nail-biting in comparison. A Product Of My Environment I always hated using all of this paper, but simply couldn’t bring myself to stop. It would look bad if I showed up to an important conference room meeting without a pad of paper. What if someone said something profound! Plus, everyone else always brought paper with them. If you saw someone walking down the hallway with a pad of paper in hand you knew they must be on their way to a conference room meeting. Some people even had fancy looking portfolio notebook sheaths that gave their legal pads all the prestige of a briefcase. No one ever worried about running out of fresh paper because there was an endless supply, and there certainly was no shortage of places to store and file used paper. In short, the traditional office was setup for using tons and tons of paper; it’s baked into the culture there. For that reason, it didn’t take long for me to kick the paper habit once I started working from home. In my home office, desk and drawer space are at a premium. I don’t have the budget (or the tolerance) for huge modular office furniture in my spare bedroom. I also no longer have access to a bottomless pit of office supplies stock piled in cabinets and closets. If I want to use some paper, I have to go out and buy it. Finally (and most importantly), all of the meetings that I have to attend these days are “virtual”. We use instant messaging, VOIP, video conferencing, and e-mail to communicate with each other. All I need to take notes during a meeting is my computer, which I happen to be sitting right in front of all day. I don’t have any hard numbers for this, but my gut feeling is that I actually take a lot more notes now than I ever did when I worked in an office. The big difference is I don’t have to use any paper to do so. This makes it far easier to keep important information safe and organized. The Right Tool For The Job When I first started working from home I tried to find a single application that would fill the gap left by the pen and paper that I always had at my desk when I worked in an office. Well, there are no silver bullets and I’ve evolved my approach over time to try and find the best tool for the job at hand. Here’s a quick summary of how I take notes and keep everything organized. Notepad++ – This is the first application I turn to when I feel like there’s some bit of information that I need to write down and save. I use Launchy, so opening Notepad++ and creating a new file only takes a few keystrokes. If I find that the information I’m trying to get down requires a more sophisticated application I escalate as needed. The Desktop – By default, I save every file or other bit of information to the desktop. Anyone who has ever had to fix their parents computer before knows that this is a dangerous game (any file my mother has ever worked on is saved directly to the desktop and rarely moves anywhere else). I agree that storing things on the desktop isn’t a great long term approach to keeping organized, which is why I treat my desktop a bit like my e-mail inbox. I strive to keep both empty (or as close to empty as I possibly can). If something is on my desktop, it means that it’s something relevant to a task or project that I’m currently working on. About once a week I take things that I’m not longer working on and put them into my ‘Notes’ folder. The ‘Notes’ Folder – As I work on a task, I tend to accumulate multiple files associated with that task. For example, I might have a bit of SQL that I’m working on to gather data for a new report, a quick C# method that I came up with but am not yet ready to commit to source control, a bulleted list of to-do items in a .txt file, etc. If the desktop starts to get too cluttered, I create a new sub-folder in my ‘Notes’ folder. Each sub-folder’s name is the current date followed by a brief description of the task or project. Then all files related to that task or project go into that sub folder. By using the date as the first part of the folder name, these folders are automatically sorted in reverse chronological order. This means that things I worked on recently will generally be near the top of the list. Using the built-in Windows search functionality I now have a pretty quick and easy way to try and find something that I worked on a week ago or six months ago. Dropbox – Dropbox is a free service that lets you store up to 2GB of files “in the cloud” and have those files synced to all of the different computers that you use. My ‘Notes’ folder lives in Dropbox, meaning that it’s contents are constantly backed up and are always available to me regardless of which computer I’m using. They also have a pretty decent iPhone application that lets you browse and view all of the files that you have stored there. The free 2GB edition is probably enough for just storing notes, but I also pay $99/year for the 50GB storage upgrade and keep all of my music, e-books, pictures, and documents in Dropbox. It’s a fantastic service and I highly recommend it. Evernote – I use Evernote mostly to organize information that I access on a fairly regular basis. For example, my Evernote account has a running grocery shopping list, recipes that my wife and I use a lot, and contact information for people I contact infrequently enough that I don’t want to keep them in my phone. I know some people that keep nearly everything in Evernote, but there’s something about it that I find a bit clunky, so I tend to use it sparingly. Google Tasks – One of my biggest paper wasting habits was keeping a running task-list next to my computer at work. Every morning I would sit down, look at my task list, cross off what was done and add new tasks that I thought of during my morning commute. This usually resulted in having to re-copy the task list onto a fresh sheet of paper when I was done. I still keep a running task list at my desk, but I’ve started using Google Tasks instead. This is a dead-simple web-based application for quickly adding, deleting, and organizing tasks in a simple checklist style. You can quickly move tasks up and down on the list (which I use for prioritizing), and even create sub-tasks for breaking down larger tasks into smaller pieces. Balsamiq Mockups – This is a simple and lightweight tool for creating drawings of user interfaces. It’s great for sketching out a new feature, brainstorm the layout of a interface, or even draw up a quick sequence diagram. I’m terrible at drawing, so Balsamiq Mockups not only lets me create sketches that other people can actually understand, but it’s also handy because you can upload a sketch to a common location for other team members to access. I can honestly say that using these tools (and having limited resources at home) have lead me to cut my paper usage down to virtually none. If I ever were to return to a traditional office workplace (hopefully never!) I’d try to employ as many of these applications and techniques as I could to keep paper usage low. I feel far less cluttered and far better organized now.

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  • WebLogic 12c hands-on bootcamps for partners – free of charge

    - by swalker
    For all WebLogic Partner Community members we offer our WebLogic 12c hands-on Bootcamps – free of charge! If you want to become an Application Grid Specialized: Register Here! Country Date Location Registration Germany 3-5 April 2012 Oracle Düsseldorf Click here France 24-26 April 2012 Oracle Colombes Click here Spain 08-10 May 2012 Oracle Madrid Click here Netherlands 22-24 May 2012 Oracle Amsterdam Click here United Kingdom 06-08 June 2012 Oracle Reading Click here Italy 19-21 June 2012 Oracle Cinisello Balsamo Click here Portugal 10-12 July 2012 Oracle Lisbon Click here Skill requirements Attendees need to have the following skills as this is required by the product-set and to make sure they get the most out of the training: Basic knowledge in Java and JavaEE Understanding the Application Server concept Basic knowledge in older releases of WebLogic Server would be beneficial Member of WebLogic Partner Community for registration please vist http://www.oracle.com/partners/goto/wls-emea Hardware requirements Every participant works on his own notebook. The minimal hardware requirements are: 4Gb physical RAM (we will boot the image with 2Gb RAM) dual core CPU 15 GB HDD Software requirements Please install Oracle VM VirtualBox 4.1.8 Follow-up and certification With the workshop registration you agree to the following next steps Follow-up training attend and pass the Oracle Application Grid Certified Implementation Specialist Registration For details and registration please visit Register Here Free WebLogic Certification (Free assessment voucher to become certified) For all WebLogic experts, we offer free vouchers worth $195 for the Oracle Application Grid Certified Implementation Specialist assessment. To demonstrate your WebLogic knowledge you first have to pass the free online assessment Oracle Application Grid PreSales Specialist. For free vouchers, please send an e-mail with the screenshot of your Oracle Application Grid PreSales certirficate to [email protected] including your Name, Company, E-mail and Country. Note: This offer is limited to partners from Europe Middle East and Africa. Partners from other countries please contact your Oracle partner manager. WebLogic Specialization To become specialized in Application Grid, please make sure that you access the: Application Grid Specialization Guide Application Grid Specialization Checklist If you have any questions please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. WebLogic Partner Community For regular information become a member in the WebLogic Partner Community please visit: http://www.oracle.com/partners/goto/wls-emea (OPN account required). If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center.

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  • Is it reasonable to expect knowing the whole stack bottom up?

    - by Vaibhav Garg
    I am an Sr. developer/architect/Product Manager for embedded systems. The systems that I have had experience with have typically been small to medium size codebases - typically close to 25-30K LOC in C, using 8-16 and 32 bit low end microcontrollers. The systems have been entirely bootstrapped by our team - meaning right from the start-up code to the end application code has either been written by the team, or at the very least, is thoroughly understood and maintained by us. Now, if we were to start developing more complex systems with complex peripherals, such as USB OTG et al. (think, low end cell phones), there are libraries and stacks available commercially and from chip vendors that reduce the task to just calling the right APIs and being able to use those peripherals. Now, from a habit point of view, this does not give me and the team a comfortable feeling, not being able to comprehend the entire code tree, with virtual black boxes at the lower layers. Is it reasonable to devote, and reserve, time getting into the details of how the APIs are implemented, assuming that the same would also entail getting into details of relevant standards (again, for USB as an example)? Or, alternatively, should a thorough understanding of the top level usage of the APIs be sufficient? This of course assumes that the source codes to all libraries are available, which they are, in almost all cases. Edit: In partial response to @Abhi Beckert, the documentation is refreshingly very comprehensive and meticulously maintained, AFAIK and been able to judge. I have not had a long experience with the same.

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  • Can I save & store a user's submission in a way that proves that the data has not been altered, and that the timestamp is accurate?

    - by jt0dd
    There are many situations where the validity of the timestamp attached to a certain post (submission of information) might be invaluable for the post owner's legal usage. I'm not looking for a service to achieve this, as requested in this great question, but rather a method for the achievement of such a service. For the legal (in most any law system) authentication of text content and its submission time, the owner of the content would need to prove: that the timestamp itself has not been altered and was accurate to begin with. that the text content linked to the timestamp had not been altered I'd like to know how to achieve this via programming (not a language-specific solution, but rather the methodology behind the solution). Can a timestamp be validated to being accurate to the time that the content was really submitted? Can data be stored in a form that it can be read, but not written to, in a proven way? In other words, can I save & store a user's submission in a way that proves that the data has not been altered, and that the timestamp is accurate? I can't think of any programming method that would make this possible, but I am not the most experienced programmer out there. Based on MidnightLightning's answer to the question I cited, this sort of thing is being done. Clarification: I'm looking for a method (hashing, encryption, etc) that would allow an average guy like me to achieve the desired effect through programming. I'm interested in this subject for the purpose of Defensive Publication. I'd like to learn a method that allows an every-day programmer to pick up his computer, write a program, pass information through it, and say: I created this text at this moment in time, and I can prove it. This means the information should be protected from the programmer who writes the code as well. Perhaps a 3rd party API would be required. I'm ok with that.

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  • How to Install a Wireless Card in Linux Using Windows Drivers

    - by Justin Garrison
    Linux has come a long way with hardware support, but if you have a wireless card that still does not have native Linux drivers you might be able to get the card working with a Windows driver and ndiswrapper. Using a Windows driver inside of Linux may also give you faster transfer rates or better encryption support depending on your wireless card. If your wireless card is working, it is not recommended to install the Windows driver just for fun because it could cause a conflict with the native Linux driver Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How To Make Hundreds of Complex Photo Edits in Seconds With Photoshop Actions How to Enable User-Specific Wireless Networks in Windows 7 How to Use Google Chrome as Your Default PDF Reader (the Easy Way) How To Remove People and Objects From Photographs In Photoshop Ask How-To Geek: How Can I Monitor My Bandwidth Usage? Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Smart Taskbar Is a Thumb Friendly Android Task Launcher Comix is an Awesome Comics Archive Viewer for Linux Get the MakeUseOf eBook Guide to Speeding Up Windows for Free Need Tech Support? Call the Star Wars Help Desk! [Video Classic] Reclaim Vertical UI Space by Adding a Toolbar to the Left or Right Side of Firefox Androidify Turns You into an Android-style Avatar

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  • Someone using my website for Email and significant increase in spam

    - by Joy
    Let me give you the background in context so that you know the full story. Last summer my web guy (he put my website together) got in a fight with someone who attempted to register on my site using the name of my company as part of his user name. I was not aware of this at all until it had escalated dramatically. I don't know why my web guy was so unprofessional in his response to this person. I really don't know him - met him via SCORE and have never met in person. He is a vendor. Anyway, this guy who got into it with my web guy then threatened to do all he could to hurt my business and said he was internet savvy, etc. So, nothing seemed to happen for a while then not long ago this guy attempted to send me a friend request on Linkedin. After his behavior I declined it. Shortly afterwards I began seeing a dramatic increase in spammers posting comments on the blog part of my site. Just lately I have been receiving Emails from a variety of names but all with the "@___" that I own - for my business. I had additional security added so now they have to register in order to comment on my blog and I am seeing a lot of registration attempts from the same (and similar) IP addresses with bogus names and weird Email addresses being blocked. So, it is not creating more work as it is all automatic. The Email addresses are of more concern. Is there a way to identify a person through an IP address or a place to report the behavior or the Email usage? This guy lives in South Carolina so he is not overseas. Any help/advice you can provide will be greatly appreciated. Thanks Joy

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  • Practical Approaches to increasing Virtualization Density-Part 1

    - by Girish Venkat
    Happy New year everyone!. Let me kick start the year off by talking about Virtualization density.  What is it?The number of virtual servers that a physical server can support and it's increase from the prior physical infrastructure as a percentage. Why is it important?This is important because the density should be indicative of how well the server is getting consumed?So what is wrong ?Virtualization density fails to convey the "Real usage" of a server.  Most of the hypervisor based O/S Virtualization  evangelists take pride in the fact that they are now running a Virtual Server farm of X machines compared to a Physical server farm of Y (with Y less than X obviously). The real question is - has your utilization of the server really increased or not.  In an internal study that was conducted by one of the top financial institution - the utilization of servers only went up by 15% from 30 to 45. So, this really means that just by increasing virtualization density one will not be achieving the goal of using up the servers in their server farm better.  I will write about what the possible approaches are to increase virtualization density in the next entry. 

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  • Organizations &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 7

    - by MarkPearl
    Learning Outcomes Name different device categories Discuss the functions and structure of I/.O modules Describe the principles of Programmed I/O Describe the principles of Interrupt-driven I/O Describe the principles of DMA Discuss the evolution characteristic of I/O channels Describe different types of I/O interface Explain the principles of point-to-point and multipoint configurations Discuss the way in which a FireWire serial bus functions Discuss the principles of InfiniBand architecture External Devices An external device attaches to the computer by a link to an I/O module. The link is used to exchange control, status, and data between the I/O module and the external device. External devices can be classified into 3 categories… Human readable – e.g. video display Machine readable – e.g. magnetic disk Communications – e.g. wifi card I/O Modules An I/O module has two major functions… Interface to the processor and memory via the system bus or central switch Interface to one or more peripheral devices by tailored data links Module Functions The major functions or requirements for an I/O module fall into the following categories… Control and timing Processor communication Device communication Data buffering Error detection I/O function includes a control and timing requirement, to coordinate the flow of traffic between internal resources and external devices. Processor communication involves the following… Command decoding Data Status reporting Address recognition The I/O device must be able to perform device communication. This communication involves commands, status information, and data. An essential task of an I/O module is data buffering due to the relative slow speeds of most external devices. An I/O module is often responsible for error detection and for subsequently reporting errors to the processor. I/O Module Structure An I/O module functions to allow the processor to view a wide range of devices in a simple minded way. The I/O module may hide the details of timing, formats, and the electro mechanics of an external device so that the processor can function in terms of simple reads and write commands. An I/O channel/processor is an I/O module that takes on most of the detailed processing burden, presenting a high-level interface to the processor. There are 3 techniques are possible for I/O operations Programmed I/O Interrupt[t I/O DMA Access Programmed I/O When a processor is executing a program and encounters an instruction relating to I/O it executes that instruction by issuing a command to the appropriate I/O module. With programmed I/O, the I/O module will perform the requested action and then set the appropriate bits in the I/O status register. The I/O module takes no further actions to alert the processor. I/O Commands To execute an I/O related instruction, the processor issues an address, specifying the particular I/O module and external device, and an I/O command. There are four types of I/O commands that an I/O module may receive when it is addressed by a processor… Control – used to activate a peripheral and tell it what to do Test – Used to test various status conditions associated with an I/O module and its peripherals Read – Causes the I/O module to obtain an item of data from the peripheral and place it in an internal buffer Write – Causes the I/O module to take an item of data form the data bus and subsequently transmit that data item to the peripheral The main disadvantage of this technique is it is a time consuming process that keeps the processor busy needlessly I/O Instructions With programmed I/O there is a close correspondence between the I/O related instructions that the processor fetches from memory and the I/O commands that the processor issues to an I/O module to execute the instructions. Typically there will be many I/O devices connected through I/O modules to the system – each device is given a unique identifier or address – when the processor issues an I/O command, the command contains the address of the address of the desired device, thus each I/O module must interpret the address lines to determine if the command is for itself. When the processor, main memory and I/O share a common bus, two modes of addressing are possible… Memory mapped I/O Isolated I/O (for a detailed explanation read page 245 of book) The advantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that it has a large repertoire of instructions that can be used, allowing more efficient programming. The disadvantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that valuable memory address space is sued up. Interrupts driven I/O Interrupt driven I/O works as follows… The processor issues an I/O command to a module and then goes on to do some other useful work The I/O module will then interrupts the processor to request service when is is ready to exchange data with the processor The processor then executes the data transfer and then resumes its former processing Interrupt Processing The occurrence of an interrupt triggers a number of events, both in the processor hardware and in software. When an I/O device completes an I/O operations the following sequence of hardware events occurs… The device issues an interrupt signal to the processor The processor finishes execution of the current instruction before responding to the interrupt The processor tests for an interrupt – determines that there is one – and sends an acknowledgement signal to the device that issues the interrupt. The acknowledgement allows the device to remove its interrupt signal The processor now needs to prepare to transfer control to the interrupt routine. To begin, it needs to save information needed to resume the current program at the point of interrupt. The minimum information required is the status of the processor and the location of the next instruction to be executed. The processor now loads the program counter with the entry location of the interrupt-handling program that will respond to this interrupt. It also saves the values of the process registers because the Interrupt operation may modify these The interrupt handler processes the interrupt – this includes examination of status information relating to the I/O operation or other event that caused an interrupt When interrupt processing is complete, the saved register values are retrieved from the stack and restored to the registers Finally, the PSW and program counter values from the stack are restored. Design Issues Two design issues arise in implementing interrupt I/O Because there will be multiple I/O modules, how does the processor determine which device issued the interrupt? If multiple interrupts have occurred, how does the processor decide which one to process? Addressing device recognition, 4 general categories of techniques are in common use… Multiple interrupt lines Software poll Daisy chain Bus arbitration For a detailed explanation of these approaches read page 250 of the textbook. Interrupt driven I/O while more efficient than simple programmed I/O still requires the active intervention of the processor to transfer data between memory and an I/O module, and any data transfer must traverse a path through the processor. Thus is suffers from two inherent drawbacks… The I/O transfer rate is limited by the speed with which the processor can test and service a device The processor is tied up in managing an I/O transfer; a number of instructions must be executed for each I/O transfer Direct Memory Access When large volumes of data are to be moved, an efficient technique is direct memory access (DMA) DMA Function DMA involves an additional module on the system bus. The DMA module is capable of mimicking the processor and taking over control of the system from the processor. It needs to do this to transfer data to and from memory over the system bus. DMA must the bus only when the processor does not need it, or it must force the processor to suspend operation temporarily (most common – referred to as cycle stealing). When the processor wishes to read or write a block of data, it issues a command to the DMA module by sending to the DMA module the following information… Whether a read or write is requested using the read or write control line between the processor and the DMA module The address of the I/O device involved, communicated on the data lines The starting location in memory to read from or write to, communicated on the data lines and stored by the DMA module in its address register The number of words to be read or written, communicated via the data lines and stored in the data count register The processor then continues with other work, it delegates the I/O operation to the DMA module which transfers the entire block of data, one word at a time, directly to or from memory without going through the processor. When the transfer is complete, the DMA module sends an interrupt signal to the processor, this the processor is involved only at the beginning and end of the transfer. I/O Channels and Processors Characteristics of I/O Channels As one proceeds along the evolutionary path, more and more of the I/O function is performed without CPU involvement. The I/O channel represents an extension of the DMA concept. An I/O channel ahs the ability to execute I/O instructions, which gives it complete control over I/O operations. In a computer system with such devices, the CPU does not execute I/O instructions – such instructions are stored in main memory to be executed by a special purpose processor in the I/O channel itself. Two types of I/O channels are common A selector channel controls multiple high-speed devices. A multiplexor channel can handle I/O with multiple characters as fast as possible to multiple devices. The external interface: FireWire and InfiniBand Types of Interfaces One major characteristic of the interface is whether it is serial or parallel parallel interface – there are multiple lines connecting the I/O module and the peripheral, and multiple bits are transferred simultaneously serial interface – there is only one line used to transmit data, and bits must be transmitted one at a time With new generation serial interfaces, parallel interfaces are becoming less common. In either case, the I/O module must engage in a dialogue with the peripheral. In general terms the dialog may look as follows… The I/O module sends a control signal requesting permission to send data The peripheral acknowledges the request The I/O module transfers data The peripheral acknowledges receipt of data For a detailed explanation of FireWire and InfiniBand technology read page 264 – 270 of the textbook

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