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• What are the fastest-performing options for a read-only, unordered collection of unique strings?

  - by Dan Tao

  Disclaimer: I realize the totally obvious answer to this question is HashSet<string>. It is absurdly fast, it is unordered, and its values are unique. But I'm just wondering, because HashSet<T> is a mutable class, so it has Add, Remove, etc.; and so I am not sure if the underlying data structure that makes these operations possible makes certain performance sacrifices when it comes to read operations -- in particular, I'm concerned with Contains. Basically, I'm wondering what are the absolute fastest-performing data structures in existence that can supply a Contains method for objects of type string. Within or outside of the .NET framework itself. I'm interested in all kinds of answers, regardless of their limitations. For example I can imagine that some structure might be restricted to strings of a certain length, or may be optimized depending on the problem domain (e.g., range of possible input values), etc. If it exists, I want to hear about it. One last thing: I'm not restricting this to read-only data structures. Obviously any read-write data structure could be embedded inside a read-only wrapper. The only reason I even mentioned the word "read-only" is that I don't have any requirement for a data structure to allow adding, removing, etc. If it has those functions, though, I won't complain.

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• Substrings, timer and LED lights, as3

  - by VideoDnd

  How would I sync my timer with my LED lights? I don't understand how to to set up the strings and conditions, so that they are unique to each number space. Need a condition and values for each blinker var condition:Number = 5; if(condition==5){ blink.visible = !blink.visible; //blink_.visible = !box.visible; //blink__.visible = !box.visible; } } Complete code //MY TIMER var timer:Timer = new Timer(100); //INTEGER VALUES var count:int = 0; var fcount:int = 0; var oldcount:int = 0; //FORMATTING STRING function formatCount(i:int):String { var fraction:int = i % 100; var whole:int = i / 100; return ("00" + whole).substr(-2, 2) + "." + (fraction < 10 ? "0" + fraction : fraction); } //START TIMER timer.start(); timer.addEventListener(TimerEvent.TIMER, condition); //ANIMATION function condition(event:TimerEvent):void{ count++; fcount=int(count) var toText:String = formatCount(fcount); dec.text = toText.substr(4, 1); decimal.text = toText.substr(3, 1); ones.text = toText.substr(1, 1); //LED LIGHTS var condition:Number = 5; if(condition==5){ blink.visible = !blink.visible; //blink_.visible = !box.visible; //blink__.visible = !box.visible; } }

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• Improving my first Clojure program

  - by StackedCrooked

  After a few weekends exploring Clojure I came up with this program. It allows you to move a little rectangle in a window. Here's the code: (import java.awt.Color) (import java.awt.Dimension) (import java.awt.event.KeyListener) (import javax.swing.JFrame) (import javax.swing.JPanel) (def x (ref 0)) (def y (ref 0)) (def panel (proxy [JPanel KeyListener] [] (getPreferredSize [] (Dimension. 100 100)) (keyPressed [e] (let [keyCode (.getKeyCode e)] (if (== 37 keyCode) (dosync (alter x dec)) (if (== 38 keyCode) (dosync (alter y dec)) (if (== 39 keyCode) (dosync (alter x inc)) (if (== 40 keyCode) (dosync (alter y inc)) (println keyCode))))))) (keyReleased [e]) (keyTyped [e]))) (doto panel (.setFocusable true) (.addKeyListener panel)) (def frame (JFrame. "Test")) (doto frame (.add panel) (.pack) (.setDefaultCloseOperation JFrame/EXIT_ON_CLOSE) (.setVisible true)) (defn drawRectangle [p] (doto (.getGraphics p) (.setColor (java.awt.Color/WHITE)) (.fillRect 0 0 100 100) (.setColor (java.awt.Color/BLUE)) (.fillRect (* 10 (deref x)) (* 10 (deref y)) 10 10))) (loop [] (drawRectangle panel) (Thread/sleep 10) (recur)) Despite being an experienced C++ programmer I found it very challenging to write even a simple application in a language that uses a radically different style than what I'm used to. On top of that, this code probably sucks. I suspect the globalness of the various values is a bad thing. It's also not clear to me if it's appropriate to use references here for the x and y values. Any hints for improving this code are welcome.

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• Action property of interface type

  - by Daniel

  Hi, guys. With my understading, the nature of a Action is that properties can be pushed w/ request parameter values. And, one wonderful feature is that Struts2 allows you to directly populate parameter values against Class type property ;) Assuming there exists a Action and property class as below, class Action extends ActionSupport { User user; @Action(value="hello" {@result=(.......)}) public void execute() { ........ } ..... public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } public User getUser() { return this.user; } } class User { String name; ..... public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return this.name; } } you could populate User class property by doing like this. http://...../hello.action?user.name=John or via jsp page Then, I realize that there are actually people make an Action property as a Interface type. My question is what is the reason behind this. If there is a sample code demonstrating it will be great. Thanks in advance!

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• mysqldb interfaceError

  - by Johanna

  I have a very weird probleme with mysqldb (mysql module for python). I have a file with queries for inserting records in tables. If I call the functions from the file, it works just fine. But when I try to call one of the functions from another file it throws me a _mysql_exception.InterfaceError: (0, '') I really don't get what I'm doing wrong here.. I call the function from buildDB.py : import create create.newFormat("HD", 0,0,0) The function newFormat(..) is in create.py (imported) : from Database import Database db = Database() def newFormat(name, width=0, height=0, fps=0): format_query = "INSERT INTO Format (form_name, form_width, form_height, form_fps) VALUES ('"+name+"',"+str(width)+","+str(height)+","+str(fps)+");" db.execute(format_query) And the class Databse is the following : import MySQLdb from MySQLdb.constants import FIELD_TYPE class Database(): def __init__(self): server = "localhost" login = "seq" password = "seqmanager" database = "Sequence" my_conv = { FIELD_TYPE.LONG: int } self.conn = MySQLdb.connection(host=server, user=login, passwd=password, db=database, conv=my_conv) # self.cursor = self.conn.cursor() def close(self): self.conn.close() def execute(self, query): self.conn.query(query) (I put only relevant code) Traceback : Z:\sequenceManager\mysql>python buildDB.py D:\ProgramFiles\Python26\lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\__init__.py:34: DeprecationWa rning: the sets module is deprecated from sets import ImmutableSet INSERT INTO Format (form_name, form_width, form_height, form_fps) VALUES ('HD',0 ,0,0); Traceback (most recent call last): File "buildDB.py", line 182, in <module> create.newFormat("HD") File "Z:\sequenceManager\mysql\create.py", line 52, in newFormat db.execute(format_query) File "Z:\sequenceManager\mysql\Database.py", line 19, in execute self.conn.query(query) _mysql_exceptions.InterfaceError: (0, '') The warning has never been a problem before so I don't think it's related.

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• retrieve value from hashtable with clone of key; C#

  - by Johnny

  I would like to know if there is any possible way to retrieve an item from a hashtable using a key that is identical to the actual key, but a different object. I understand why it is probably not possible, but I would like to see if there is any tricky way to do it. My problem arises from the fact that, being as stupid as I am, I created hashtables with int[] as the keys, with the integer arrays containing indices representing spatial position. I somehow knew that I needed to create a new int[] every time I wanted to add a new entry, but neglected to think that when I generated spatial coordinate arrays later they would be worthless in retrieving the values from my hashtables. Now I am trying to decide whether to rearrange things so that I can store my values in ArrayLists, or whether to search through the list of keys in the Hashtable for the one I need every time I want to get a value, neither of the options being very cool. Unless of course there is a way to get //1 to work like //2! Thanks in advance. static void Main(string[] args) { Hashtable dog = new Hashtable(); //1 int[] man = new int[] { 5 }; dog.Add(man, "hello"); int[] cat = new int[] { 5 }; Console.WriteLine(dog.ContainsKey(cat)); //false //2 int boy = 5; dog.Add(boy, "wtf"); int kitten = 5; Console.WriteLine(dog.ContainsKey(kitten)); //true; }

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• How to write Java-like enums in C++ ?

  - by Rahul G

  Coming from Java background, I find C++'s enums very lame. I wanted to know how to write Java-like enums (the ones in which the enum values are objects, and can have attributes and methods) in C++. As an example, translate the following Java code (a part of it, sufficient to demonstrate the technique) to C++ : public enum Planet { MERCURY (3.303e+23, 2.4397e6), VENUS (4.869e+24, 6.0518e6), EARTH (5.976e+24, 6.37814e6), MARS (6.421e+23, 3.3972e6), JUPITER (1.9e+27, 7.1492e7), SATURN (5.688e+26, 6.0268e7), URANUS (8.686e+25, 2.5559e7), NEPTUNE (1.024e+26, 2.4746e7); private final double mass; // in kilograms private final double radius; // in meters Planet(double mass, double radius) { this.mass = mass; this.radius = radius; } private double mass() { return mass; } private double radius() { return radius; } // universal gravitational constant (m3 kg-1 s-2) public static final double G = 6.67300E-11; double surfaceGravity() { return G * mass / (radius * radius); } double surfaceWeight(double otherMass) { return otherMass * surfaceGravity(); } public static void main(String[] args) { if (args.length != 1) { System.err.println("Usage: java Planet <earth_weight>"); System.exit(-1); } double earthWeight = Double.parseDouble(args[0]); double mass = earthWeight/EARTH.surfaceGravity(); for (Planet p : Planet.values()) System.out.printf("Your weight on %s is %f%n", p, p.surfaceWeight(mass)); } } Any hep would be greatly appreciated! Thanks!

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• [XPATH] Retrieve specific preceding sibling nodes attributes

  - by Matthieu BROUILLARD

  Is there an XPath way of recovering directly one specific attribute of preceding sibling nodes of an XML node using an XPath query? In the following example, I would like to retrieve the values of the alt attribute of each img nodes that precede the div element marked with the id=marker. <content> <img alt="1" src="file.gif" /> <img alt="2" src="file.gif" /> <img alt="3" src="file.gif" /> <img alt="4" src="file.gif" /> <div id='marker'></div> </content> For this example, I want to retrieve the values 1 2 3 4. I use the following XPath query //div[@id='marker']/preceding-sibling::img in order to retrieve the node list I want <img alt="1" src="file.gif"/> <img alt="2" src="file.gif"/> <img alt="3" src="file.gif"/> <img alt="4" src="file.gif"/> As it is a node list I can then iterate on the nodes to retrieve the attribute value I am looking for, but is there an XPath way of doing it? I would have expected to be able to write something like: //div[@id='marker']/preceding-sibling::img@alt or //div[@id='marker']/preceding-sibling@alt::img but I don't even know if it is possible once you have used an XPath Axe like preceding-sibling.

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• Should a Trim method generally in the Data Access Layer or with in the Domain Layer?

  - by jpierson

  I'm dealing with a database that contains data with inconsistencies such as white leading and trailing white space. In general I see a lot of developers practice defensive coding by trimming almost all strings that come from the database that may have been entered by a user at some point. In my oppinoin it is better to do such formating before data is persisted so that it is done only once and then the data can be in a consistent and reliable state. Unfortunatley this is not the case however which leads me to the next best solution, using a Trim method. If I trim all data as part of my data access layer then I don't have to concern myself with defensive trimming within the business objects of my domain layer. If I instead put the trimming responsibility in my business objects, such as with set accessors of my C# properties, I should get the same net results however the trim will be operating on all values assigned to my business objects properties not just the ones that come from the inconsistent database. I guess as a somewhat philisophical question that may determine the answer I could ask "Should the domain later be responsible for defensive/coercive formatting of data?" Would it make sense to have a set accessor for a PhoneNumber property on a business object accept a unformatted or formatted string and then attempt to format it as required or should this responsibility be pushed to the presentation and data access layers leaving the domain layer more strict in the type of data that it will accept? I think this may be the more fundamental question. Update: Below are a few links that I thought I should share about the topic of data cleansing. Information service patterns, Part 3: Data cleansing pattern LINQ to SQL - Format a string before saving? How to trim values using Linq to Sql?

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• sum not working properly abap

  - by Eva Dias

  I'm trying to sum up some values but it keeps giving me weird values. I'm posting the code to help, and an image too of what is happening. at end of kunnr. soma-waers = <fs_main-waers. soma-wrbtr = <fs_main-wrbtr. soma-fwste = <fs_main-fwste. soma-hwaer = <fs_main-hwaer. soma-dmbtr = <fs_main-dmbtr. soma-hwste = <fs_main-hwste. APPEND soma TO it_soma. LOOP AT it_soma INTO soma. IF sy-tabix = 1. FORMAT COLOR COL_TOTAL INTENSIFIED OFF. SUM. WRITE: "/ sy-uline(137), / sy-vline NO-GAP, 'Subtotal' NO-GAP, '-' NO-GAP, soma-waers, 63 sy-vline NO-GAP, 64 soma-wrbtr NO-GAP, sy-vline NO-GAP, soma-fwste NO-GAP, sy-vline NO-GAP, soma-hwaer NO-GAP, sy-vline NO-GAP, soma-dmbtr NO-GAP, sy-vline NO-GAP, soma-hwste NO-GAP, sy-vline NO-GAP, / sy-uline(137). ELSE. ENDIF. ENDLOOP. ENDAT.

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• Loading an XML configuration file BEFORE the flex application loads

  - by Shahar

  Hi, We are using an XML file as an external configuration file for several parameters in our application (including default values for UI components and properties values of some service layer objects). The idea is to be able to load the XML configuration file before the flex application initializes any of its components. This is crucial because XML loading is processed a-synchronously in flex, which can potentially cause race-conditions in the application. For example: the configuration file holds the endpoint URL of a web service used to obtain data from the server. The URL resides in the XML because we want to allow our users to alter the endpoint URL according to their environment. Now because the endpoint URL is retrieved only after the XML has been completely loaded, some of the application's components might be invoking operations on this web service before it is initialized with the correct endpoint. The trivial solution would have been to suspend the initialization of the application until the complete event is dispatched by the loader. But it appears that this solution is far from being trivial. I haven't found a single solution that allows me to load the XML before any other object in the application. Can anyone advice or comment on this matter? Regards, Shahar

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• Tools\addin's for formating or cleaning up xaml?

  - by cody

  I'm guessing these don't exist since I searched around for these but I'm looking for a few tools: 1) A tool that cleans up my xaml so that the properties of elements are consistent through a file. I think enforcing that consistence would make the xaml easier to read. Maybe there could be a hierarchy of what comes first but if not alphabetical might work. Example before: TextBox Name="myTextBox1" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Margin="4" TextBox Grid.Column="1" Margin="4" Name="t2" Grid.Row="3" Example after: TextBox Name="myTextBox1" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Margin="4" TextBox Name="t2" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Margin="4" (note < / has been remove from the above since control seem to have issues parsing whe the after section was added) 2) Along the same lines as above, to increase readability, a tool to align properties, so from the above code example similar props would start in the same place. <TextBox Name="myTextBox1" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Margin="4"/> <TextBox Name="t2" Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Margin="4"/> I know VS has default settings for XAML documents so props can be on one line or separate lines so maybe if there was a tool as described in (1) this would not be needed...but it would still be nice if you like your props all on one line. 3) A tool that adds X to the any of the Grid.Row values and Y to any of the Grid.Column values in the selected text. Every time I add a new row\column I have to go manually fix these. From my understanding Expression Blend can help with this but seem excessive to open Blend just to increment some numbers (and just don't grok Blend). Maybe vs2010 with the designer will help but right now I'm on VS08 and Silverlight. Any one know of any tools to help with this? Anyone planning to write something like this...I'm looking at you JetBrains and\or DevExpress. Thanks.

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• Pointers to structs

  - by Bobby

  I have the following struct: struct Datastore_T { Partition_Datastores_T cmtDatastores; // bytes 0 to 499 Partition_Datastores_T cdhDatastores; // bytes 500 to 999 Partition_Datastores_T gncDatastores; // bytes 1000 to 1499 Partition_Datastores_T inpDatastores; // bytes 1500 1999 Partition_Datastores_T outDatastores; // bytes 2000 to 2499 Partition_Datastores_T tmlDatastores; // bytes 2500 to 2999 Partition_Datastores_T sm_Datastores; // bytes 3000 to 3499 }; I want to set a char* to struct of this type like so: struct Datastore_T datastores; // Elided: datastores is initialized with data here char* DatastoreStartAddr = (char*)&datastores; memset(DatastoreStartAddr, 0, sizeof(Datastore_T)); The problem I have is that the value that DatastoreStartAddr points to always has a value of zero when it should point to the struct that has been initialized with data. Meaning if I change the values in the struct using the struct directly, the values pointed to by DatastoreStartAddr should also change b/c they are pointing to the same address. But this is not happening. What am I doing wrong?

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• Oracle ODBC x64 - getting 0 when selecting a number(9) column

  - by MatsL

  I'm having a really weird problem with a third party web service that uses an ODBC connection to Oracle 10.2.0.3.0. I've written a .NET client that generates the same SQL as the web service so I can find out what's going on. The web service is hosted by IIS 6 that's in x64 mode so we use Oracle x64 client. The oracle client version is 10.2.0.1.0. I have a table that looks like this (I've removed some columns and names): SQL> describe tablename; Name Null? Type ----------------------------------------- -------- ---------------------------- KOD VARCHAR2(30) ORDNING NUMBER(5) AVGIFT NUMBER(9) I then in SQL*Plus issue the following statement: SELECT KOD as kod, AVGIFT as riskPoang FROM tablename Where upper(KODTYP) = 'OBJLIVSV_RISKVERKSAMTYP' ORDER BY ORDNING And I get the following result: KOD RISKPOANG ------------------------------ ---------- Hög risk 55 Mellan risk 35 Låg risk 15 Mycket låg risk 5 But when I execute the exact same SQL using the same DSN on the same machine I get this: Values Kod: Hög risk RiskPoäng: 0 Kod: Mellan risk RiskPoäng: 0 Kod: Låg risk RiskPoäng: 0 Kod: Mycket låg risk RiskPoäng: 0 If I first cast the number to varchar and then back again to number, like this: SELECT KOD as kod, to_number(to_char(AVGIFT, '99'), '9999999999') as riskPoang FROM tablename Where upper(KODTYP) = 'OBJLIVSV_RISKVERKSAMTYP' ORDER BY ORDNING I get the correct result: Values Kod: Hög risk RiskPoäng: 55 Kod: Mellan risk RiskPoäng: 35 Kod: Låg risk RiskPoäng: 15 Kod: Mycket låg risk RiskPoäng: 5 Has anyone else experiences this? It's incredibly annoying and I'm completely stuck and not sure what to do next. We have a third party web service that use these tables so I must get the original SQL-statement to work since I can't modify its code. And pointers are greatly appreciated! :-) Best regards, Mats

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• Fixing parent controller's elements after screen orientation

  - by Jonas Anderson

  I have a tab bar application with mixed orientation support for only some views. One of the child view controller shown from one of the tab's navigation controller is displayed only in Landscape mode. In order to accomplish this, I've done the view transformation for the child view as suggested here: Is there a documented way to set the iPhone orientation? The only problem I'm seeing is that after I've performed the orientation adjustment for the child controller and then readjusted orientation back to normal on its dismissal, the contents of the (parent) navigation controller is still shown with Landscape mode dimensions despite the navigation controller reporting the correct value for the interfaceOrientation. How do I ensure that view's size is reset to match the orientation without hardcoding screen dimensions? I have the following in the root navigation controller's viewWillAppear (invoked after the child controller is dismissed): - (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated { NSLog(@"viewFrame: (%2f, %2f), width: %2f, height: %2f\n", self.view.frame.origin.x, self.view.frame.origin.y, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height); // Frame values are (0, 0) for (x,y) width: 320, height: 367 before I // displayed child controller. // Frame values are (0,0) width: 480, height: 219 after returning from child // controller -- still has the landscape dimensions NSLog(@"orientation: %d", self.interfaceOrientation); // reports portrait as expected } I've tried to invoke 'layoutIfNeeded' as well as 'setNeedsDisplay' on the view but neither of them bring the view contents into the correct display. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

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• How can I make nested string splits?

  - by Statement

  I have what seemed at first to be a trivial problem but turned out to become something I can't figure out how to easily solve. I need to be able to store lists of items in a string. Then those items in turn can be a list, or some other value that may contain my separator character. I have two different methods that unpack the two different cases but I realized I need to encode the contained value from any separator characters used with string.Split. To illustrate the problem: string[] nested = { "mary;john;carl", "dog;cat;fish", "plainValue" } string list = string.Join(";", nested); string[] unnested = list.Split(';'); // EEK! returns 7 items, expected 3! This would produce a list "mary;john;carl;dog;cat;fish;plainValue", a value I can't split to get the three original nested strings from. Indeed, instead of the three original strings, I'd get 7 strings on split and this approach thus doesn't work at all. What I want is to allow the values in my string to be encoded so I can unpack/split the contents just the way before I packed/join them. I assume I might need to go away from string.Split and string.Join and that is perfectly fine. I might just have overlooked some useful class or method. How can I allow any string values to be packed / unpacked into lists? I prefer neat, simple solutions over bulky if possible. For the curious mind, I am making extensions for PlayerPrefs in Unity3D, and I can only work with ints, floats and strings. Thus I chose strings to be my data carrier. This is why I am making this nested list of strings.

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• MySQL default value based on view

  - by Jake

  Basically I have a bunch of views based on a simple discriminator column (eg. CREATE VIEW tablename AS SELECT * FROM tablename WHERE discrcolumn = "discriminator value"). Upon inserting a new row into this view, it should insert "discriminator value" into discrcolumn. I tried this, but apparently MySQL doesn't figure this out itself, as it throws an error "Field of view viewname underlying table does not have a default value". The discriminator column is set to NOT NULL of course. How do I mend this? Perhaps a pre-insert trigger? UPDATE: Triggers won't work on views, see below comment. Would it work to create a trigger on the table which uses a variable, and set that variable at establishing the connection? For each connection the value of that variable would be the same, but it could differ from other connections. EDIT: This appears to work... Setup: CREATE TRIGGER insert_[tablename] BEFORE INSERT ON [tablename] FOR EACH ROW SET NEW.[discrcolumn] = @variable Runtime: SET @variable = [descrvalue]; INSERT INTO [viewname] ([columnlist]) VALUES ([values]);

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• Refactoring code/consolidating functions (e.g. nested for-loop order)

  - by bmay2

  Just a little background: I'm making a program where a user inputs a skeleton text, two numbers (lower and upper limit), and a list of words. The outputs are a series of modifications on the skeleton text. Sample inputs: text = "Player # likes @." (replace # with inputted integers and @ with words in list) lower = 1 upper = 3 list = "apples, bananas, oranges" The user can choose to iterate over numbers first: Player 1 likes apples. Player 2 likes apples. Player 3 likes apples. Or words first: Player 1 likes apples. Player 1 likes bananas. Player 1 likes oranges. I chose to split these two methods of outputs by creating a different type of dictionary based on either number keys (integers inputted by the user) or word keys (from words in the inputted list) and then later iterating over the values in the dictionary. Here are the two types of dictionary creation: def numkey(dict): # {1: ['Player 1 likes apples', 'Player 1 likes...' ] } text, lower, upper, list = input_sort(dict) d = {} for num in range(lower,upper+1): l = [] for i in list: l.append(text.replace('#', str(num)).replace('@', i)) d[num] = l return d def wordkey(dict): # {'apples': ['Player 1 likes apples', 'Player 2 likes apples'..] } text, lower, upper, list = input_sort(dict) d = {} for i in list: l = [] for num in range(lower,upper+1): l.append(text.replace('#', str(num)).replace('@', i)) d[i] = l return d It's fine that I have two separate functions for creating different types of dictionaries but I see a lot of repetition between the two. Is there any way I could make one dictionary function and pass in different values to it that would change the order of the nested for loops to create the specific {key : value} pairs I'm looking for? I'm not sure how this would be done. Is there anything related to functional programming or other paradigms that might help with this? The question is a little abstract and more stylistic/design-oriented than anything.

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• How can you transform a set of numbers into mostly whole ones?

  - by Alice

  Small amount of background: I am working on a converter that bridges between a map maker (Tiled) that outputs in XML, and an engine (Angel2D) that inputs lua tables. Most of this is straight forward However, Tiled outputs in pixel offsets (integers of absolute values), while Angel2D inputs OpenGL units (floats of relative values); a conversion factor between these two is needed (for example, 32px = 1gu). Since OpenGL units are abstract, and the camera can zoom in or out if the objects are too small or big, the actual conversion factor isn't important; I could use a random number, and the user would merely have to zoom in or out. But it would be best if the conversion factor was selected such that most numbers outputted were small and whole (or fractions of small whole numbers), because that makes it easier to work with (and the whole point of the OpenGL units is that they are easy to work with). How would I find such a conversion factor reliably? My first attempt was to use the smallest number given; this resulted in no fractions below 1, but often lead to lots of decimal places where the factors didn't line up. Then I tried the mode of the sequence, which lead to the largest number of 1's possible, but often lead to very long floats for background images. My current approach gets the GCD of the whole sequence, which, when it works, works great, but can easily be thrown off course by a single bad apple. Note that while I could easily just pass the numbers I am given along, or pick some fixed factor, or use one of the conversions I specified above, I am looking for a method to reliably scale this list of integers to small, whole numbers or simple fractions, because this would most likely be unsurprising to the end user; this is not a one off conversion. The end users tend to use 1.0 as their "base" for manipulations (because it's simple and obvious), so it would make more sense for the sizes of entities to cluster around this.

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• [Delphi] How would you refactor this code?

  - by Al C

  This hypothetical example illustrates several problems I can't seem to get past, even though I keep trying!! ... Suppose the original code is a long event handler, coded in the UI, triggered when a user clicks a cell in a grid. Expressed as pseudocode it's: if Condition1=true then begin //loop through every cell in row, //if aCell/headerCellValue>1 then //color aCell red end else if Condition2=true then begin //do some other calculation adding cell and headerCell values, and //if some other product>2 then //color the whole row green end else show an error message I look at this and say "Ah, refactor to the strategy pattern! The code will be easier to understand, easier to debug, and easier to later extend!" I get that. And I can easily break the code into multiple procedures. The problem is ultimately scope related. Assume the pseudocode makes extensive use of grid properties, values displayed in cells, maybe even built-in grid methods. How do you move all that to another unit, without referencing the grid component in the UI--which would break all the "rules" about loose coupling that make OOP valuable? ... I'm really looking forward to responses. Thanks, as always -- Al C.

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• How to generate a number in arbitrary range using random()={0..1} preserving uniformness and density?

  - by psihodelia

  Generate a random number in range [x..y] where x and y are any arbitrary floating point numbers. Use function random(), which returns a random floating point number in range [0..1] from P uniformly distributed numbers (call it "density"). Uniform distribution must be preserved and P must be scaled as well. I think, there is no easy solution for such problem. To simplify it a bit, I ask you how to generate a number in interval [-0.5 .. 0.5], then in [0 .. 2], then in [-2 .. 0], preserving uniformness and density? Thus, for [0 .. 2] it must generate a random number from P*2 uniformly distributed numbers. The obvious simple solution random() * (x - y) + y will generate not all possible numbers because of the lower density for all abs(x-y)>1.0 cases. Many possible values will be missed. Remember, that random() returns only a number from P possible numbers. Then, if you multiply such number by Q, it will give you only one of P possible values, scaled by Q, but you have to scale density P by Q as well.

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• Varchar columns: Nullable or not.

  - by NYSystemsAnalyst

  The database development standards in our organization state the varchar fields should not allow null values. They should have a default value of an empty string (""). I know this makes querying and concatenation easier, but today, one of my coworkers questioned me about why that standard only existed for varchar types an not other datatypes (int, datetime, etc). I would like to know if others consider this to be a valid, defensible standard, or if varchar should be treated the same as fields of other data types? I believe this standard is valid for the following reason: I believe that an empty string and null values, though technically different, are conceptually the same. An empty, zero length string is a string that does not exist. It has no value. However, a numeric value of 0 is not the same as NULL. For example, if a field called OutstandingBalance has a value of 0, it means there are $0.00 remaining. However, if the same field is NULL, that means the value is unknown. On the other hand, a field called CustomerName with a value of "" is basically the same as a value of NULL because both represent the non-existence of the name. I read somewhere that an analogy for an empty string vs. NULL is that of a blank CD vs. no CD. However, I believe this to be a false analogy because a blank CD still phyically exists and still has physical data space that does not have any meaningful data written to it. Basically, I believe a blank CD is the equivalent of a string of blank spaces (" "), not an empty string. Therefore, I believe a string of blank spaces to be an actual value separate from NULL, but an empty string to be the absense of value conceptually equivalent to NULL. Please let me know if my beliefs regarding variable length strings are valid, or please enlighten me if they are not. I have read several blogs / arguments regarding this subject, but still do not see a true conceptual difference between NULLs and empty strings.

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• Unique prime factors using HashSet

  - by theGreenCabbage

  I wrote a method that recursively finds prime factors. Originally, the method simply printed values. I am currently trying to add them to a HashSet to find the unique prime factors. In each of my original print statements, I added a primes.add() in order to add that particular integer into my set. My printed output remains the same, for example, if I put in the integer 24, I get 2*2*2*3. However, as soon as I print the HashSet, the output is simply [2]. public static Set<Integer> primeFactors(int n) { Set<Integer> primes = new HashSet<Integer>(); if(n <= 1) { System.out.print(n); primes.add(n); } else { for(int factor = 2; factor <= n; factor++) { if(n % factor == 0) { System.out.print(factor); primes.add(factor); if(factor < n) { System.out.print('*'); primeFactors(n/factor); } return primes; } } } return primes; } I have tried debugging via putting print statements around every line, but was unable to figure out why my .add() was not adding some values into my HashSet.

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• charsets in MySQL replication

  - by niklassaers

  Hi guys, What can I do to ensure that replication will use latin1 instead of utf-8? I'm migrating between an MySQL 5.1.22 server (master) on a Linux system and a MySQL 5.1.42 server (slave) on a FreeBSD system. My replication works well, but when non-ascii characters are in my varchars, they turn "weird". The Linux/MySQL-5.1.22 shows the following character set variables: character_set_client=latin1 character_set_connection=latin1 character_set_database=latin1 character_set_filesystem=binary character_set_results=latin1 character_set_server=latin1 character_set_system=utf8 character_sets_dir=/usr/share/mysql/charsets/ collation_connection=latin1_swedish_ci collation_database=latin1_swedish_ci collation_server=latin1_swedish_ci While the FreeBSD shows character_set_client=utf8 character_set_connection=utf8 character_set_database=utf8 character_set_filesystem=binary character_set_results=utf8 character_set_server=utf8 character_set_system=utf8 character_sets_dir=/usr/local/share/mysql/charsets/ collation_connection=utf8_general_ci collation_database=utf8_general_ci collation_server=utf8_general_ci Setting any of these variables from the MySQL CLI has no effect, and setting them in my.cnf or at the command line makes the server not start. Of course, both servers have the tables in question created the same way, in this case with DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1. Let me give you an example: CREATE TABLE `test` ( `test` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL ) ENGINE=MyISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 When I on the master do, in a Latin1 terminal, "INSERT INTO test VALUES ('æøå')", this becomes on the slave, when I select it from a Latin1 based terminal +--------+ | test | +--------+ | æøå | +--------+ On a UTF-8 based terminal on the replication slave, test contains: +--------+ | test | +--------+ | æøå | +--------+ So my conclusion is that it is converted to utf8, even though the table definition is latin1. Is this a correct conclusion? Of course, on the master, in a latin1 terminal, it still says: +------+ | test | +------+ | æøå | +------+ Since both system character sets are utf-8, if I set both terminals to utf-8 and do again "INSERT INTO test VALUES ('æøå')" on the master with a utf-8 terminal, on the slave with utf-8 I get: +------------+ | test | +------------+ | æøà | +------------+ If my conclusion is correct, all my replicated data is converted to utf8 (if it is utf8, it is treated as latin1 and converted to utf8), while all the old data in the table is, as the CREATE TABLE suggests, latin1. I'd love to convert it all to utf-8 if it weren't for the fact that legacy applications rely on it being latin1, so I need to keep it in latin1 while they still exist. What can I do to ensure that the replication reads latin1, treats it as latin1 and writes it on the slave as latin1? Cheers Nik

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• Problems with objectatasource,giving attributes like delete insert and update

  - by kamal

  After going to the process of adding the various attributes like insert,delete and update.But when i run it through the browser ,editing works but updating and deleting doesn't !(for the update and shows the same thing for delete,my friends think i need to use codes to repair the problems,can you help me please.it shows this: Server Error in '/WebSite3' Application. ObjectDataSource 'ObjectDataSource1' could not find a non-generic method 'Update' that has parameters: First_name, Surname, Original_author_id, First name, original_author id. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.InvalidOperationException: ObjectDataSource 'ObjectDataSource1' could not find a non-generic method 'Update' that has parameters: First_name, Surname, Original_author_id, First name, original_author id. Source Error: An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. Stack Trace: [InvalidOperationException: ObjectDataSource 'ObjectDataSource1' could not find a non-generic method 'Update' that has parameters: First_name, Surname, Original_author_id, First name, original_author id.] System.Web.UI.WebControls.ObjectDataSourceView.GetResolvedMethodData(Type type, String methodName, IDictionary allParameters, DataSourceOperation operation) +1119426 System.Web.UI.WebControls.ObjectDataSourceView.ExecuteUpdate(IDictionary keys, IDictionary values, IDictionary oldValues) +1008 System.Web.UI.DataSourceView.Update(IDictionary keys, IDictionary values, IDictionary oldValues, DataSourceViewOperationCallback callback) +92 System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridView.HandleUpdate(GridViewRow row, Int32 rowIndex, Boolean causesValidation) +907 System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridView.HandleEvent(EventArgs e, Boolean causesValidation, String validationGroup) +704 System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridView.OnBubbleEvent(Object source, EventArgs e) +95 System.Web.UI.Control.RaiseBubbleEvent(Object source, EventArgs args) +37 System.Web.UI.WebControls.GridViewRow.OnBubbleEvent(Object source, EventArgs e) +123 System.Web.UI.Control.RaiseBubbleEvent(Object source, EventArgs args) +37 System.Web.UI.WebControls.LinkButton.OnCommand(CommandEventArgs e) +118

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