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  • Verbose Listing of All Application Layers/Tiers?

    - by leeand00
    I've looked at a few sites now, and I'm still struggling to find a complete listing of all the possible layers/tiers you can have in an application. From back in college (1999) I remember the following: Presentation Layer (Views) Application Layer (Controllers) Business Logic Layer (API/Rules) Persistence Layer (Database/Object Persistence/Model) I'm not advocating that they all be used...especially when you consider that too many layers/tiers could lead to an increase in complexity...I just wondered what the complete list might look like... Based on a couple of blogs I've found several different answers...and Javascript and client side technologies seem to have leaked in adding more client-side layers according to one blog the client side tier might even consist of Behavior Layer (Javascript, Flash) Presentation Layer (CSS/Images) Note: I though the entire client side layer was the presentation layer Structure Layer (XHTML, HTML) I'm just trying to get an abstract idea of what all the possible layers might be, (even though some people call them different things)

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  • Schemas and tables versus user-ids in a single table using PostgreSQL

    - by gvkv
    I'm developing a web app and I've come to a fork in the road with respect to database structure and I don't know which direction to take. I have a database with user information that I can structure one of two ways. The first is to create a schema and a set of tables for each user (duplicating the structure for each user) and the second is to create a single set of tables and query information based on user-id. Suppose 100000 users. Here are my questions: Considering security, performance, scalability and administration where does each choice lie? Would the answers change for 1000000 or 10000? Is there a set of best practices that lead to one choice or the other? It seems to me that multiple schemas are more secure since it's trivial to restrict user privileges but what about performance and scalability? Administration seems like a wash since dumping (and restoring) lots of schemas isn't any more difficult than dumping a few.

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  • Best way to hide a window from the Alt-Tab program switcher?

    - by chaiguy1337
    I've been a .NET developer for several years now and this is still one of those things I don't know how to do properly. It's easy to hide a window from the taskbar via a property in both Windows Forms and WPF, but as far as I can tell, this doesn't guarantee (or necessarily even affect) it being hidden from the Alt-Tab dialog. I've seen invisible windows show up in Alt-Tab, and I'm just wondering what is the best way to guarantee a window will never appear (visible or not) in the Alt-Tab dialog. Update: Please see my posted solution below. I'm not allowed to mark my own answers as the solution, but so far it's the only one that works. Update 2: There's now a proper solution by Franci Penov that looks pretty good, but haven't tried it out myself. Involves some Win32, but avoids the lame creation of off-screen windows.

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  • Is release without prior retain dangerous?

    - by BankStrong
    I have some code which I think has extra release statements. Is the code incorrect? What is the end result? I don't understand memory management well yet - even after reading lots of articles and stackoverflow answers. Thanks for straightening me out. NSMutableArray *points = [NSMutableArray new]; for (Segment *s in currentWorkout.segments) { [points addObjectsFromArray:[s.track locationPoints]]; } [routeMap update:points]; [points release];

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  • Standard Place for an Empty String Array in the JDK

    - by Simon B
    Hi is there a standard place for accessing empty array constants in the JDK 1.5. When I want to do a conversion from a String Collection (e.g. ArrayList)to a String Array I find myself using my own which is defined in my own Constants class: public static final String[] EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = new String[0]; And then in my client code something like: String[] retVal = myStringList.toArray(Constants.EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY); return retVal; I was wondering if this is the "idiomatic" of doing it or if I'm missing something I get the impression from the brief search I did that this kind of thing is prevalent in many people's code. Any ideas, answers, comment (aside from that I shouldn't really use String Arrays) greatly appreciated, Cheers Simon

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  • Why Banks or Financial Companies prefer Oracle than other RDBMS for their "Core" systems?

    - by edwin.nathaniel
    I'd like to know why most Banks or Financial companies prefer Oracle than other RDBMS for their core systems (the absolutely minimum features that a Bank must support). I found a few answers that didn't satisfy me. For example: Oracle has more features. But features for what? Can't you implement that in application level if you were not using Oracle? Could someone please describe a bit more technical but still on high-level overview of what the bank needs and how Oracle would solve it and the others can't or don't have the features yet? I came from the web-app (web 2.0) crowd who normally hear news about MySQL, PostgreSQL or even key-value/column-oriented storage solution. I have almost zero knowledge on how Banks or Financial companies operates from technical perspective. Thank you, Ed

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  • C# Training Quizzes

    - by John Sheppard
    Hello there, I have been programming 10 years, mostly in vba and vb.net but I know c# well enough to program what I normally do. I yesterday was applying for a Senior c# position and I did so poorly on the induction test its not funny :) I have always found that for me the best way to learn and recall is via question's and answers (multichoice and short answer). That is, a question is posed and after I answer instant feedback is given as to whether I choose right or wrong and the reasons why. As such I was wondering if anyone knew of or could recommend a C# quiz website. Something like a daily c# quiz to keep my brain up to date and fresh if I'm not always programming in it. Not something wimpy either. Something that does everything. Paying is not an obstacle, id prefer to pay for a good resource than muck around. Thank you

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  • Bidirectional one-to-many associations with indexed collections in NHibernate

    - by Jørn Schou-Rode
    Last summer, I asked a question regarding how to add new object to an IList mapped as a one-to-many with NHibernate. One of the answers let me to this paragraph in the documentation: Please note that NHibernate does not support bidirectional one-to-many associations with an indexed collection (list, map or array) as the "many" end, you have to use a set or bag mapping. While I am pretty sure I understand what this paragraph says, I have no idea why or how to work around this limitation. As I am now again working with a model that seems to require a "bidirectional one-to-many association with an index collection", I figured the time was right for follow-up questions: Why does NHibernate have this limitation on associations? It is my impression that the guys behind NHibernate are quite clever, so I assume there is a pretty good reason. What are the common workarounds for this shortcoming? Making the collection a non-indexed bag and adding an explicit Position property to the child class? Any better solutions?

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  • appending to cursor in oracle

    - by Omnipresent
    I asked a question yesterday which got answers but didnt answer the main point. I wanted to reduce amount of time it took to do a MINUS operation. Now, I'm thinking about doing MINUS operation in blocks of 5000, appending each iterations results to the cursor and finally returning the cursor. I have following: V_CNT NUMBER :=0; V_INTERVAL NUMBER := 5000; begin select count(1) into v_cnt from TABLE_1 while (v_cnt > 0) loop open cv_1 for SELECT A.HEAD,A.EFFECTIVE_DATE, FROM TABLE_1 A WHERE A.TYPE_OF_ACTION='6' AND A.EFFECTIVE_DATE >= ADD_MONTHS(SYSDATE,-15) AND A.ROWNUM <= V_INTERVAL MINUS SELECT B.head,B.EFFECTIVE_DATE, FROM TABLE_2 B AND B.ROWNUM <= V_INTERVAL V_CNT := V_CNT - V_INTERVAL; END LOOP; end; However, as you see...in each iteration the cursor is overwritten. How can I change the code so that in each iteration it appends to cv_1 cursor rather than overwriting?

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  • Programming challenge: can you code a hello world program as a Palindrome?

    - by Assaf Lavie
    So the puzzle is to write a hello world program in your language of choice, where the program's source file as a string has to be a palindrome. To be clear, the output has to be exactly "Hello, World". Edit: Well, with comments it seems trivial (not that I thought of it myself of course [sigh].. hat tip to cobbal). So new rule: no comments. Edit: I feel kind of bad editing someone else's question to say this, but it will eliminate a lot of non-palindromes that keep popping up, and I'm tired of seeing the same simple mistake over and over. The following is NOT a palindrome: ()() The following IS a palindrome: ())( Brackets, parenthesis, and anything else that must match are a major barrier to palindrome-ing, yes, but that doesn't mean you can ignore them and post non-palindrome answers. Languages represented thus far: C, C++, Bash, elisp, C#, Perl, sh, Windows shell, Java, Common Lisp, Awk, Ruby, Brainfuck, Funge, Python, Machine Language, HQ9+, Assembly, TCL, J, php, Haskell, io, TeX, APL, Javascript, mIRC Script, Basic, Orc, Fortran, Unlambda, Pseudo-code, Befunge, CFML, Lua, INTERCAL, VBScript, HTML, sed, PostScript, GolfScript, REBOL, SQL

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  • Is it posible for WIndows Speech Recognition Engine to use in my project like word pronounciation ga

    - by XBasic3000
    I use to create an application that uses the windows speech recognition engine or the SAPI. its like a game for pronounciation that it give you score when you pronounce it correctly. but when i started experiments with SAPI, it has poor recognition unless if you load a grammar on it (XML) its give best recognition result. but the problem now is closest pronounciation from the input text will be recognize. for example: Database - dedebase - correct. even if you mispronounce it. it gives you correct answers. without using the xml grammar when you say database it give you "in the base/the base/data base/etc..." please post your answer,suggestion,clarication and please votes for best answer.

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  • interesting Delphi open-source applications/projects (not components/component packs!)

    - by vic
    Hi, I'd like to know what interesting open-source projects written in Delphi (or FreePascal) you know? I'm not asking for components/components packs, I know there were questions for that. Please do not duplicate answers, vote them up instead ;) Please do not point components/packs/closed-source projects. Please provide at least word of description ;) Two examples from me: PyScripter - Python IDE written in Delphi - hosted at google code (*) HeidiSQL - MySQL Frontend - http://www.heidisql.com/ (*)sorry, as a new user I can't post more than one link :(

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  • Is calling Process.Refresh() required for Process.HasFinished

    - by Rekreativc
    Hello I am interested if calling Process.Refresh() is mandatory when waiting for the process to terminate by checking Process.HasFinished property? I have a piece of code that works fine without the Process.Refresh() call, however I am curious weather this is a coincidence? I can see that a msdn example has the Process.Refresh() call... If its not necessary, and Process.HasExited is the only property I need, are there any advantages to making the call to Process.Refresh() ? If not, is there a reason it is in the msdn example? Thank you for your answers.

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  • T-SQL - how to get around the order by restriction in CTEs

    - by David
    Hi all I have the following CTE. Its purpose is to provide unique Month/Year pairs. Later code will use the CTE to produce a concatenated string list of the Month/Year pairs. ;WITH tblStoredWillsInPeriod AS ( SELECT DISTINCT Kctc.GetMonthAndYearString(DateWillReceived) Month FROM Kctc.StoredWills WHERE DateWillReceived BETWEEN '2010/01/01' AND '2010/03/31' ORDER BY DateWillReceived ) I have omitted the implmementation of the GetMonthAndYearString function as it is trivial. Sadly, it seems T-SQL is always one step ahead. When I run this code, it tells me I'm not allowed to use ORDER BY in a CTE unless I also use TOP (or FOR XML, whatever that is.) If I use TOP, it tells me I can't use it with DISTINCT. Yup, T-SQL has all the answers. Can anyone think of a solution to this problem which is quicker than simply slashing my wrists? I understand that death from blood loss can be surprisingly lingering, and I have deadlines to meet. Thanks for your help. David

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  • For reliable code, NModel, Spec Explorer, F# or other?

    - by ja
    I've got a business app in C#, with unit tests. Can I increase the reliability and cut down on my testing time and expense by using NModel or Spec Explorer? Alternately, if I were to rewrite it in F# (or even Haskell), what kinds (if any) of reliability increase might I see? Code Contracts? ASML? I realize this is subjective, and possibly argumentative, so please back up your answers with data, if possible. :) Or maybe an worked example, such as Eric Evans Cargo Shipping System? If we consider Unit tests to be pecific and strong theorems, checked quasi-statically on particular “interesting instances” and Types to be general but weak theorems (usually checked statically), and contracts to be general and strong theorems, checked dynamically for particular instances that occur during regular program operation (from B. Pierce's Types Considered Harmful, where do these other tools fit? We could pose the analogous question for Java, using Java PathFinder, Scala, etc.

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  • Bitmapdata heavy usage - memory disaster (spark/FB4)

    - by keyle
    I've got a flex component which works pretty well but unfortunately turns into a disaster once used in a datagroup item renderer of about 40-50 items. Essentially it uses bitmapdata to take screenshot of a fully-rendered webpage in mx:HTML (this version of webkit rocks btw, miles better than flex 3). The code is pretty self-explanatory I think. http://noben.org/show/PageGrabber.mxml I've optimized it all I could, browsed, search for answers and already trimmed it down a lot, I'm desparate to reduce the memory usage (about 600mb after 100 draw) The Garbage collector has little effect. Thanks! Nic

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  • What is the best API/framework/platform you ever worked with?

    - by Yuval A
    Most programming is done on an existing framework or platform, and using various APIs which make your programming job much more convenient. It can either be a superbly designed set of APIs, or a nice framework which you managed to get really cool things done really fast. All answers should give concrete examples of why that framework is so awesome, or examples of cool stuff you did with it. What existing framework really inspired you to do some awesome work? I know this is subjective, but I think we can get some cool ideas from this question. Please be easy on the "close" link :) Also - commun-ikified in advance.

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  • How can i query for null values in entity framework?

    - by AZ
    I want to execute a query like this var result = from entry in table where entry.something == null select entry; and get an IS NULL generated. Edited: After the first two answers i feel the need to clarify that I'm using Entity Framework and not Linq to SQL. The object.Equals() method does not seem to work in EF. Edit no.2: The above query works as intended. It correctly generates IS NULL. My production code however was var value = null; var result = from entry in table where entry.something == value select entry; and the generated SQL was something = @p; @p = NULL. It seems that EF correctly translates the constant expression but if a variable is involved it treats it just like a normal comparison. Makes sense actually. I'll close this question

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  • How to Serialize a WPF Drawing?

    - by Néstor Sánchez A.
    Hi, maybe I'm missing something. I believed that WPF vector-based Drawings (like DrawingGroup, DrawingGeometry, etc.) were ready to be serialized. But they are not. So, should I navigate all these drawing childrens, and store they points, lines, brushes (that also are not serializable) and so on, and then made my custom serialization? Is really that difficult or I'm missing something pretty obvious? I mean, even serializing Bitmap images is easy. I thinked serializing vector-based drawings were easier (no quality loss, just descriptive info, no massive data). Thanks for your practical answers, alternate-way suggestions and comments!

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  • How to differentiate document requests from variable requests? and how to allow for urls that are no

    - by Lucas
    Hello. My last post was met by smarmy, unhelpful "answers" (comments), so i'll get right to it: if I have an htaccess file like so: RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.php -f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ $1.php RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f RewriteRule ^ - [L] RewriteRule ^([^/]+)/([^/]+)$ /index.php?page=$1&subject=$2 RewriteRule ^([^/]+)$ /index.php?page=$1 [L] how can I allow for other url variable names and values to be handled... say for instance I want to add extra unexpected url vars to this scenario /page/subject?urlvar1=value1&urlvar2=value2 and get the page I want without creating unexpected results? Any real help is greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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  • PHP mtChart (new pChart): how do i control the angle of x-axis labels?

    - by gsquare567
    i am trying to graph the results of a survey, where the question is multiple choice. eg. How would you describe this website? format: option | number of times selected | percentage of users who selected that option Informative 1 50% All of the above 1 50% Interesting 0 0% Intelligent 0 0% Cool 0 0% Incredible 0 0% Sleek 0 0% Amazing the graph is a bar graph, where each bar represents one of those options, and the height of the bar depends on the number of times selected. however, the labels are slanted at a 45 degree angle and are barely readable! here is my code: <?php require_once ("includes/common.php"); require_once ("graph/mtChart.min.php"); // type must be specified $type = $_GET['type']; if($type == "surveys_report_MC_or_CB") { // PARAMS $surveyID = $_GET['surveyID']; $questionID = $_GET['questionID']; // END PARAMS $question = SurveyQuestions::getSingle($questionID); $answers = SurveyAnswers::getAll($questionID); $options = SurveyQuestionOptions::getAll($question[SurveyQuestions::surveyQuestionID]); $others = SurveyAnswers::setOptionCounts($options, $answers); $printedOthers = false; // set graph $values = array(); $axisLabels = array(); foreach($options as $option) { $values[$option[SurveyQuestionOptions::optionText]] = $option['count']; $axisLabels[] = $option[SurveyQuestionOptions::optionText]; } $graphs = array(); $graphs[0] = $values; $xName = "Option"; $yName = "Number of Times Selected"; $graphTitle = $question[SurveyQuestions::question]; $series = array("Total"); $showLegend = false; $tall = false; } drawGraph($graphs, $axisLabels, $xName, $yName, $graphTitle, $series, $showLegend, $tall); function drawGraph($graphs, $axisLabels, $xName, $yName, $graphTitle, $series, $showLegend, $tall) { $Graph = ($tall) ? new mtChart(575,375) : new mtChart(575,275); // Dataset definition $avg = 0; $i = 0; foreach ($graphs as $key => $value) { $Graph->AddPoint($value,"series" . $key); $Graph->SetSerieName($series[$key],"series" . $key); // Get average $avg += array_sum($value); $size = sizeof($value); $i += $size; // Calculate x-axis tick interval $step = ceil($size / 25); } $Graph->AddPoint($axisLabels,"XLabel"); $Graph->AddAllSeries(); $Graph->RemoveSerie("XLabel"); $Graph->SetAbsciseLabelSerie("XLabel"); $Graph->SetXAxisName($xName); $Graph->SetYAxisName($yName); // Get from cache if it exists $Graph->enableCaching(NULL, 'graph/cache/'); $Graph->GetFromCache(); // Initialize the graph $Graph->setInterval($step); $Graph->setFontProperties("graph/tahoma.ttf",8); ($showLegend) ? $Graph->setGraphArea(45,30,475,200) : $Graph->setGraphArea(75,30,505,200); $Graph->drawGraphArea(255,255,255,TRUE); $Graph->drawScale(SCALE_START0,100,100,100,TRUE,55,1,TRUE); $Graph->drawGrid(4,TRUE,230,230,230,50); // Draw the 0 line $Graph->setFontProperties("graph/tahoma.ttf",6); $Graph->drawTreshold(0,143,55,72,TRUE,TRUE); // Draw the bar graph $Graph->drawBarGraph(); // Draw average line $Graph->drawTreshold($avg/$i, 0, 0, 0, FALSE, FALSE, 5); // Finish the graph $Graph->setFontProperties("graph/tahoma.ttf",8); if ($showLegend) { $Graph->drawLegend(482,30,255,255,255,255,255,255,100,100,100); } $Graph->setFontProperties("graph/tahoma.ttf",10); $Graph->drawTitle(0,22,$graphTitle,100,100,100,555); // Draw Graph $Graph->Stroke(); } and here is where i use it on the page: <div class="graph_container"> <img src="drawGraph.php?type=surveys_report_MC_or_CB&surveyID=<?php echo $survey[Surveys::surveyID] ?>&questionID=<?php echo $question[SurveyQuestions::surveyQuestionID] ?>" /> is there a setting i can apply to the graph which will make the text look nicer, or at least let me set the angle to 90 degrees so people can read it if they cock their head to the left? thanks! btw, mtchart is located here: http://code.google.com/p/mtchart/ and pchart (the original, which has mainly the same code) is here: http://pchart.sourceforge.net/documentation.php

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  • Android-iPhone single codebase cross development

    - by Lorenzo
    Is there a way, apart from using HTML and JavaScript on a web control, to have an (almost) single codebase for an application that should run on iOS and Android? The big issue is of course that they use a different language (Java for Android, Objective-C for iOS) for application development. It would be nice to have some sort of meta-language that will be translated in Java and in Objective-C. What about Flash? Adobe wasn't supposed to release a tool to create flash-based apps in iOS? Update: based on current answers, the best cross platform development tool for iOS and Android seems to be Titanium appcelerator. I suspect that this topic will evolve overtime, so feel free to contribute with new information and comments. Thank you!

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  • How was non-decimal money represented in software?

    - by dan04
    A lot of the answers to the questions about the accuracy of float and double recommend the use of decimal for monetary amounts. This works because today all currencies are decimal except MGA and MRO, and those have subunits of 1/5 so are still decimal-friendly. But what about the software used in U.S. stock markets when prices were in 1/16ths of dollar? The accuracy of binary data types wouldn't have been an issue, right? Going further back, how did pre-1971 British accounting software deal with pounds, shillings, and pence? Did their versions of COBOL have a special PIC clause for it? Were all amounts stored in pence? How was decimalisation handled?

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  • How to convert a PCRE to a POSIX RE?

    - by David M
    This interesting question http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2837267/ concerned how to do a negative look-ahead in MySQL. The poster wanted to get the effect of Kansas(?! State) because MySQL doesn't implement look-ahead assertions, a number of answers came up the equivalent Kansas($|[^ ]| ($|[^S])| S($|[^t])| St($|[^a])| Sta($|[^t])| Stat($|[^e])) The poster pointed out that's a PITA to do for potentially lots of expressions. Is there a script/utility/mode of PCRE (or some other package) that will convert a PCRE (if possible) to an equivalent regex that doesn't use Perl's snazzy features? I'm fully aware that some Perl-style regexes cannot be stated as an ordinary regex, so I would not expect the tool to do the impossible, of course!

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  • Rails: Convert HTML to PDF?

    - by rip747
    What is the best and easiest way of taking HTML and converting it into a PDF, similar to use CFDOCUMENT on ColdFusion? UPDATE: I really appreciate all the comments and suggestions that people have given so far, however I feel that people leaving their answers are missing the point. 1) the solution has to be free or open sourced. one person suggested using pricexml and the other pd4ml. both of these solutions costs money (pricexml costing an arm and a leg) which i'm not about the fork over. 2) they must be able to take in html (either from a file, url or a string variable) and then produce the pdf. libraries like prawn, rprf, rtex are produced using their own methods and not taking in html. please don't think i'm ungrateful for the suggestions, it's just that pdf generation seems like a really problem for people like me who use ColdFusion but want to convert to Rails.

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