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• Who is a CMS really for?

  - by Eirc man

  I have started lately discovering Content Management Systems, and I was wondering, who is really CMS for? What I mean by that: is it only for companies, small businesses or individuals, that pays a contractor to make a website that it's users can just upload content through a easy interface. Or is it used also by programmers, to build their own websites, projects? Would a Facebook, Tweeter, StackExhange ever started by using a CMS, a very powerful one for example. Would you as a programmer build your own "fancy" website on top of a CMS, for example like Typo3, or you would build it from scratch? P.S To be more clear is a summary: What I mean to begin with is, would I as a developer choose a CMS to develop a website that can be scaled with a big base of users, be stuck if I choose to start with a CMS system. What if I build a website using CMS, and the website explodes in popularity, and then I wanted to add much more functionality that I have planed, is it possible that the CMS will limit the growth, because it might have not been build for that kind of scale?

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• Best peer-to-peer game architecture

  - by Dejw

  Consider a setup where game clients: have quite small computing resources (mobile devices, smartphones) are all connected to a common router (LAN, hotspot etc) The users want to play a multiplayer game, without an external server. One solution is to host an authoritative server on one phone, which in this case would be also a client. Considering point 1 this solution is not acceptable, since the phone's computing resources are not sufficient. So, I want to design a peer-to-peer architecture that will distribute the game's simulation load among the clients. Because of point 2 the system needn't be complex with regards to optimization; the latency will be very low. Each client can be an authoritative source of data about himself and his immediate environment (for example bullets.) What would be the best approach to designing such an architecture? Are there any known examples of such a LAN-level peer-to-peer protocol? Notes: Some of the problems are addressed here, but the concepts listed there are too high-level for me. Security I know that not having one authoritative server is a security issue, but it is not relevant in this case as I'm willing to trust the clients. Edit: I forgot to mention: it will be a rather fast-paced game (a shooter). Also, I have already read about networking architectures at Gaffer on Games.

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• When mapping the surface of a sphere with tiles, how might you deal with polar distortion?

  - by clweeks

  It's easy to deal with the way locations interact on a clean Cartesian grid. It's just vanilla math. And you can kind of ignore the geometry of the sphere's surface for a bunch of it if you want to just truncate the poles or something. But I keep coming up with ideas for games where the polar space matters. Geo-coded ARGs and global roguelikes and stuff. I want square(ish?) locations -- reasonably representable by square tiles of the same size across the globe, anyway. This has to be a solved problem, right? What are the solutions? ETA: At the equator -- and assuming that your square locations are reasonably small, it's close enough to true that you can get away with having one square in the rows north and south of the most equatorial row. And you could probably get away with that by just hand-waving the difference up to like 45-degrees or so. But eventually, you need to have fewer squares in a pole-ward circumferential row. If I reduce the length of the row by one and offset the squares by 1/2 then they're just like hexes and it's relatively easy to do the coding to keep track of the connections. But as you get pole-ward, it gets more and more extreme. Projecting the surface of the world onto the surface of a cube is tempting. But I figured there must be more elegant solutions already in use. If I did the cube thing (not dissecting it further through geodesy) Are there any pros and cons related to placing the pole at the center of a face or at the vertex of three sides?

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• Team Software Development using Ruby on Rails

  - by Panoy

  I used to work alone on small to medium sized programming projects before and have no experience working in a team environment. Currently, there will be 3 of us in an in-house software development team that is tasked to develop a number of software for an academic institution. We have decided to use the web for the majority of the projects and are planning to choose Ruby on Rails for this and I would like to ask for your inputs, advices and approaches with regards to software development as a team using the RoR web framework. One thing that has really confounded me is how you divide the programming tasks of a project if there are 3 of you that are really doing the coding. It’s obvious that we as developers approach a problem in a modular way and finish it one after another. If the project consists of 3 modules, should each one of us focus on each of those modules? Would it be faster that way? How about if the 3 of us would focus on one module first (that’s what I really prefer). Is using a distributed version control system such as Git the answer to this type of problem? Please don’t forget to put your tips and experiences with regards to team software development. Cheers!

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• Hobbyist programmer releasing software with a donate button

  - by espais

  I'd like to start this with a disclaimer that I realize that a full, clear-cut answer should be sought out by a lawyer. I am more so curious about what other users of this community have done Say that I had a small program that I had developed for fun, that I wished to release to the public. I'll drop it out there with one of the various open-source licenses, and probably put it up on SourceForge or Git in case if anybody should ever want to fork/maintain/check out code. Also say that I wanted to accept donations for the project, with absolutely 0 expectation that people will send any money. However, if somebody donated in order to buy me a beer or a pizza for the work that they liked, I would accept gladly. The question, then, is what are the general requirements of accepting donations? Can it go into a personal account with no questions asked as a "gift," or do I need to setup an LLC to avoid any taxation issues? (US citizen here). Again, yes this should be lawyer discussed, but I also know that many projects that I see have the ability to donate, and assume that the community probably has a decent amount of experience in this regard.

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• What is an effective way to convert a shared memory-mapped system to another data access model?

  - by Rob Jones

  I have a code base that is designed around shared memory. Each process that needs to access the memory maps it into its own address space. The data structures in the shared memory are directly accessed, that is, there is no API. For example: Assume the following: typedef struct { int x; int y; struct { int a; int b; } z; } myStruct; myStruct s; Then a process might access this structure as: myStruct *s = mapGlobalMem(); And use it as: int tmpX = s->x; The majority of the information in the global structure is configuration information that is set once and read many times. I would like to store this information in a database and develop an API to access the database. The problem is, these references are sprinkled throughout the code. I need a way to parse the code and identify global structure references that will need to be refactored. I've looked into using ANTLR to create a parser that will identify references to a small set of structures and enter them into a custom symbol table. I could then use this symbol table to identify which source files need to be refactored. It looks like a promising approach. What other approaches are there? Of course, I'm looking for a programmatic approach. There are far too many source files to examine each one visually. This is all ordinary ANSI C. Nothing else.

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• My new anti-patent BSD-based license: necessary and effective? [closed]

  - by paperjam

  I am writing multimedia software in a domain that is rife with software patents. I want to open source my software but only for the benefit of those who don't play the patent game, that is enthusiasts, small companies, research projects, etc. The idea is, if my code would infringe a software patent somewhere and a company pays to license that patent, they then lose the right to use and distribute my software. Now I detest license proliferation as much as anyone but I can't find an existing OSI approved license that does this. The GPL comes close, but it only restricts distribution, not use. I want to stop someone using my software should they obtain a patent license to do so. Does another license do this job? Is the wording below unambiguous? - I don't want a legal opinion, just whether it would be interpreted as I intend. Copyright (c) <year>, <copyright holder> All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: [ three standard new-BSD conditions not shown here] * No patents are licensed from any third party in respect of redistribution or use of this software or its derivatives unless the patent license is arranged to permit free use and distribution by all. THIS SOFTWARE IS... [standard BSD disclaimer not shown here]

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• How do you communicate improvements in tools and process to the development team?

  - by birryree

  Hi everyone, My team does a lot of internal tooling and infrastructure work - you can think of us as a small scale version of the teams Facebook, Etsy, Netflix, etc. who build all the infrastructure for scaling their services up to thousands/tens of thousands of servers and supporting millions of users. Lately, we've been running full steam ahead improving much of the tools we use internally, like tools for automatically creating new servers, setting up new application instances, etc. An end result of this has been decreased developer frustration, but increased 'ignorance' by most of the developer team about how to use our tools correctly and effectively. More often than not, my team will be asked by other teams to help them use the tools. Solutions we've thought up or things already in place: All our code is relatively simple and self-explanatory, with good comments where necessary, so developers could read the scripts. Counterargument: You can guess this isn't a particularly good idea, having people read our tools' code to figure out how to use it. All our code is committed to Subversion with very detailed commit messages about changes, developers could read the commit emails. Counterargument: Expect the developers to read all our commits? Ludicrous. Wiki - we have an internal company wiki, that we try to maintain with up to date information, but as we are moving so fast, the wiki has to keep pace as well. Counterargument: As mentioned, we move fast in my team, as more improvements on our tools are added daily. Again still relies on people to read something that might change constantly. Email the team? We could email the team when we have a glut of improvements to communicate. So as you can all see, we are trying to find new ideas, and explore options we haven't thought of yet. Anyone else ever been in a similar situation and have some guidance?

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• Hosting and domain registrations for multiple clients under a single hosting account of mine?

  - by letseatfood

  I am finally getting regular work designing, developing, and deploying websites for small businesses and individuals. So far the websites utilize single-user content management systems, so the websites create, as far as I know, minimal load on the shared servers. I have always required that each of my clients purchase annual shared hosting at Dreamhost. For domain registration, I ask that they register with Dreamhost, but some already have a registered domain elsewhere and this is fine with me. I do this so the billing issues are the client's responsibility, not mine. My question is: Since I can register unlimited domains and connect them to my one shared hosting account at Dreamhost, should I not be requiring clients to individually pay for shared hosting and a domain? Should I actually be paying for one hosting account and then hosting all of my client's websites on that account? As I said before, I currently have each client buy their own hosting, because I feel that, for example, if there is high traffic to their site, there would be less a chance of the site going down than if their site was hosted with many others on one account. I am famous for being long-winded, please let me know if I can clarify at all. Thanks!

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• Understanding and memorizing git rebase parameters

  - by Robert Dailey

  So far the most confusing portion of git is rebasing onto another branch. Specifically, it's the command line arguments that are confusing. Each time I want to rebase a small piece of one branch onto the tip of another, I have to review the git rebase documentation and it takes me about 5-10 minutes to understand what each of the 3 main arguments should be. git rebase <upstream> <branch> --onto <newbase> What is a good rule of thumb to help me memorize what each of these 3 parameters should be set to, given any kind of rebase onto another branch? Bear in mind I have gone over the git-rebase documentation again, and again, and again, and again (and again), but it's always difficult to understand (like a boring scientific white-paper or something). So at this point I feel I need to involve other people to help me grasp it. My goal is that I should never have to review the documentation for these basic parameters. I haven't been able to memorize them so far, and I've done a ton of rebases already. So it's a bit unusual that I've been able to memorize every other command and its parameters so far, but not rebase with --onto.

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• Choosing open source vs. proprietary CMS

  - by jkneip

  Hi- I've been tasked with redesigning a website for a small academic library. While only in charge of the site for 6 months, we've been maintaining static html pages edited in Dreamweaver for years. Last count of our total pages is around 400. Our university is going with an enterprise level solution called Sitefinity, although we maintain our own domain and are responsible to maintain our own presense. Some background-my library has a couple Microsoft IIS servers on which this static html site has been running. I'm advocating for the implementation of a CMS while doing this redesign. The problem is I'm basically the lone webmaster so I have no one to agree or disagree with my choice. There are also only 1-2 content editors right know for the site but a CMS could change that factor. I would like to use the functionality of having servers that run .NET and MS SQL but am more experience setting up and maintaining open source software like Wordpress or Drupal on web hosts. My main concern is choosing a CMS that will be easy to update / maintain / deal with upgrades (i.e., support) in case I'm not there in the future. So I'm wondering how to factor in the open source CMS vs. a relatively inexpensive commercial CMS decision and whether choosing PHP/MySQL vs. ASP.net framework for development environment will play into my decision. Thanks for any input that can be offered based on the details I've given. Thanks, Jason

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• Friday Stats

  - by jjg

  As some of you may have noticed, we've recently opened a new repository in the Code Tools project for small utilities which can be used to gather info about the OpenJDK code base and builds. 1 The latest addition is a utility for analyzing the class file versions in a collection of class files. I've posted an example set of results from analyzing the class files in an OpenJDK build on Linux. 2. Most of the files are version 52 files as you would expect, but there is a surprising number of version 51 and 50 files, as well as a handful of v45.3 files as well. Digging deeper, it turns out that Nashorn is still using version 51 class files, and the Serviceability Agent is still using version 50 class files and one 45.3 class file, leaving the remainder of the 45.3 class files coming from RMI. For more info on the different class file versions, see Joe Darcy's class file version decoder rIng. Thanks to Stuart Marks for planting the seed for the class file version tool. See the project page, repo, and mail archive. http://cr.openjdk.java.net/~jjg/cfv-summary/open/

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• #altnetseattle - Kanban

  - by GeekAgilistMercenary

  The two main concepts of Kanban is to keep the queues minimum and to maintain visibility. Management/leadership needs to make sure the Kanban Queue doesn’t get starved.  This is key and also very challenging, being the queue needs to be minimal but also can’t get too small during the course of work.  This is to maintain maximum velocity. Phases of the Kanban need to be kept flowing too, bottlenecks need removed ASAP when brought up. Victory Wall – I dig that idea.  Somewhere to look to see the success of the team. The POs work in Rally or other tools for some client management, but it causes issues with the lack of "visibility" – a key fundamental ideal & part of Kanban. One of the big issues is fitting things into a sprint, when Kanban is used with Scrum, but longer sprints are wasteful. Kanban work sizes are of a set size. At this point I got a bit side tracked by the actual conversation and missed out on note taking.  Overall, people doing Kanban and Lean Style Software Development I would say are some of the happiest coders around.  The clean focus, good velocity, sizing, and other approaches that are inferred by Kanban help developers be the rock stars and succeed. This is definitely a topic I will be commenting on a lot more in the near future.

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• Business Accelerators for Oracle BI Applications

  - by Mike.Hallett(at)Oracle-BI&EPM

  "Using the Oracle Business Accelerators across projects …, our deliveries are now 50% faster than traditional implementations.” "Oracle Application Implementation is now within reach for Small to Medium Businesses who want a faster, cheaper & better … implementation.   Oracle Business Accelerators (OBA) has made it possible.” Find out more @ OBA for BI Applications   {partner single sign-on required} Oracle Business Accelerator (OBA) kits are now available for BI Applications, configured for both: ·        E-Business Suite, and ·        JD Edwards E1. This has resources to help partners to sell and deliver tightly scoped OBI-Application implementation projects with low risk and high margin in a few weeks; with huge potential to up-sell many add on services to your delighted client. For example, select “Oracle BI Applications ” & “E-Business Suite - R12.1.1”, and then the “OBA Project Consultant” gets the following self-guided tutorials and access to a comprehensive delivery kit:

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• Open Source Projects for Beginning Coders?

  - by MattDMo

  After working as a molecular biologist at the bench for many years, I lost my job last year and am thinking about a career change. I've been using open-source software and doing Linux system administration since the mid 90s, and have written/improved some small shell/Perl/PHP scripts, and am very comfortable building from source, but never progressed to creating non-trivial programs de novo. I want to move to actually learning real programming skills and contributing back to the community, with the possible eventual goal of getting into bioinformatics as a career in the future. I'm a stay-at-home dad now, so I have some time on my hands. I've done a lot of research on languages, and have settled on Python as my major focus for now. I'm set up on GitHub, but haven't forked anything yet. I've looked around OpenHatch some, but nothing really grabbed me. I've heard the advice to work on what you use/love, but that category is so broad that I'm having trouble finding any one thing to get started on. What are your suggestions for getting started? How do you pick a project that will welcome your (possibly amateurish) help? With a fairly limited skill set, how do you find a request that you can handle? What are common newbie mistakes to avoid? Any other advice?

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• SQL SERVER – FIX ERROR – Cannot connect to . Login failed. The login is from an untrusted domain and cannot be used with Windows authentication. (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 18452)

  - by pinaldave

  Just a day ago, I was doing small attempting to connect to my local SQL Server using IP 127.0.0.1. The IP is of my local machine and SQL Server is installed on the local box as well. However, whenever I try to connect to the server it gave me following strange error. Cannot connect to 127.0.0.1. Login failed. The login is from an untrusted domain and cannot be used with Windows authentication. (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 18452) The reason was indeed strange as I was trying to connect from local box to local box and it said my login was from an untrusted domain. As my system is not part of any domain, this was really confusing to me. Another thing was that I have been always able to connect always using 127.0.0.1 to SQL Server and this was a bit strange to me. I started to think what did I change since it  last time I connected to SQL Server. Suddenly I remembered that I had modified my computer’s host file for some other purpose. Solution: I opened my host file and immediately added entry like 127.0.0.1 localhost. Once I added it I was able to reconnect to SQL Server as usual. The location of the host file is C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc. You will find file with the name hosts in it, make sure to open it with notepad. If you are part of a domain and your organization is using active directory, make sure that your account is added properly to active directory as well have proper security permissions to execute the task. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Are there any real-world cases for C++ without exceptions?

  - by Martin

  In When to use C over C++, and C++ over C? there is a statement wrt. to code size / C++ exceptions: Jerry answers (among other points): (...) it tends to be more difficult to produce truly tiny executables with C++. For really small systems, you're rarely writing a lot of code anyway, and the extra (...) to which I asked why that would be, to which Jerry responded: the main thing is that C++ includes exception handling, which (at least usually) adds some minimum to the executable size. Most compilers will let you disable exception handling, but when you do the result isn't quite C++ anymore. (...) which I do not really doubt on a technical real world level. Therefore I'm interested (purely out of curiosity) to hear from real world examples where a project chose C++ as a language and then chose to disable exceptions. (Not just merely "not use" exceptions in user code, but disable them in the compiler, so that you can't throw or catch exceptions.) Why does a project chose to do so (still using C++ and not C, but no exceptions) - what are/were the (technical) reasons? Addendum: For those wishing to elaborate on their answers, it would be nice to detail how the implications of no-exceptions are handled: STL collections (vector, ...) do not work properly (allocation failure cannot be reported) new can't throw Constructors cannot fail

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• Graph data structures and journal format for mini-IDE

  - by matec

  Background: I am writing a small/partial IDE. Code is internally converted/parsed into a graph data structure (for fast navigation, syntax-check etc). Functionality to undo/redo (also between sessions) and restoring from crash is implemented by writing to and reading from journal. The journal records modifications to the graph (not to the source). Question: I am hoping for advice on a decision on data-structures and journal format. For the graph I see two possible versions: g-a Graph edges are implemented in the way that one node stores references to other nodes via memory address g-b Every node has an ID. There is an ID-to-memory-address map. Graph uses IDs (instead of addresses) to connect nodes. Moving along an edge from one node to another each time requires lookup in ID-to-address map. And also for the journal: j-a There is a current node (like current working directory in a shell + file-system setting). The journal contains entries like "create new node and connect to current", "connect first child of current node" (relative IDs) j-b Journal uses absolute IDs, e.g. "delete edge 7 - 5", "delete node 5" I could e.g. combine g-a with j-a or combine g-b with j-b. In principle also g-b and j-a should be possible. [My first/original attempt was g-a and a version of j-b that uses addresses, but that turned out to cause severe restrictions: nodes cannot change their addresses (or journal would have to keep track of it), and using journal between two sessions is a mess (or even impossible)] I wonder if variant a or variant b or a combination would be a good idea, what advantages and disadvantages they would have and especially if some variant might be causing troubles later.

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• How to add a new developer to the team

  - by lortabac

  I run a small company composed of only 2 developers. For one of our clients we are building a very big application, whose development has gone on for 1.5 years. Now this client has found an important sponsorship, and they are organizing some events related to this project, so we have a deadline in 2 months and we can't miss it. We are thinking of adding a new developer to the team, and I am wondering what we can do to help his integration. This is the situation: We are approaching the threshhold of Brooks's law, the point when adding new developers will be counter-productive. The application is relatively well designed, but the implementation is chaotic in some points (especially older code). There are unit tests only for more recent code. When this project started, we didn't have the habit of doing tests. Documentation and comments are incomplete. The application is both large and complex. The client has written down almost every detail about his project, in a very clear and "programmer-friendly" way. Is it a good idea to add a person now? If so, what can we do in order to help the new developer integrate into the team?

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• What is the target of Unity?

  - by burli

  First Unity was developed for Netbooks. But the Netbook Market is shrinking. Unity is not specialized for tablet pcs like Android 3, but it may work well with some specialized Apps for those devices. Unity is still nice for Notebooks with small displays, but there is no big advantage on the desktop compared with other desktop environments like Gnome 2/3 or KDE. So what's the point? My first suggenstion was a hybrid between tablet pc and a desktop, for example for a manager. He can plug the tablet in a docking station in his office and he can work at a normal desktop, whats not possible with iOS or Android. If he is in a meeting he can use it as a tablet to make notes, for example. Or if he is somewhere else outside the office or the company. Same for normal users. They can dock the tablet and use it like a normal desktop pc or they can lie on the couch and browse in the web, read a book or chat with friend. So, thats my suggestion. But what is the real plan for Unity or Ubuntu in general? I'm curious ;)

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• Relation between developers and clients

  - by guiman

  Hi everyone, i've been facing a situation at work and i would like to share it with you and tell me: Did you had to do it to? Should a developer be in direct contact wit the client? Or there should be an "adapter" guy that translates client needs in pseudo formal requirements understandable to us? I'm currently working in a small company that its taking care of implementing lots of systems, most of them for goverment institutions, in witch it generally means taking software developted 20 years ago and refurbish them so fit up-to-date needs. The clients generally are very used to them and tend to discourage change (they are in their 50s 60s give or take, so not technologie-friendly in general). As you can imagine, dev-team in most cases starts taking care of relation with clients, generating the documentation needed in this cases (CU usually), assisting to weekly meets to see improvements with clients. As for experience, this is a gold mine for me, because gives a nice perspective on all the aspects of software development, but also some problems rise because, if developers come from mars then client are from venus. So there is a fine gap on the vocabulary/experience/capability-to-interpret-needs that generates an noice in the communication, and some times affecting the final product.

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• Update to SQL Server Configuration Scripting Utility

  - by Bill Graziano

  Last spring I released a utility to script SQL Server configuration information on CodePlex.  I’ve been making small changes in this application as my needs have changed.  The application is a .NET 2.0 console application.  This utility serves two needs for me.  First it helps with disaster recovery.  All server level objects (logins, jobs, linked servers, audits) are scripted to a single file per object type.  This enables the scripts to be easily run against a DR server.  If these are checked into source control you can view the history of the script and find out what changed and when. The second goal is to capture what changed inside a database.  Objects inside a database (tables, stored procedures, views, etc.) are each scripted to their own file.  This makes it easier to track the changes to an object over time.  This does include permissions and role membership so you can capture security changes.  My assumption is that a database backup is the primary method of disaster recovery for databases so this utility is designed to capture changes to objects.  You can find the full list of changes from the original on the Downloads page on CodePlex.

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• Alternative to NV Occlusion Query - getting the number of fragments which passed the depth test

  - by Etan

  In "modern" environments, the "NV Occlusion Query" extension provide a method to get the number of fragments which passed the depth test. However, on the iPad / iPhone using OpenGL ES, the extension is not available. What is the most performant approach to implement a similar behaviour in the fragment shader? Some of my ideas: Render the object completely in white, then count all the colors together using a two-pass shader where first a vertical line is rendered and for each fragment the shader computes the sum over the whole row. Then, a single vertex is rendered whose fragment sums all the partial sums of the first pass. Doesn't seem to be very efficient. Render the object completely in white over a black background. Downsample recursively, abusing the hardware linear interpolation between textures until being at a reasonably small resolution. This leads to fragments which have a greyscale level depending on the number of white pixels where in their corresponding region. Is this even accurate enough? ... ?

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• Need help eliminating dead code paths and variables from C source code

  - by Anjum Kaiser

  I have a legacy C code on my hands, and I am given the task to filter dead/unused symbols and paths from it. Over the time there were many insertions and deletions, causing lots of unused symbols. I have identified many dead variables which were only being written to once or twice, but were never being read from. Both blackbox/whitebox/regression testing proved that dead code removal did not affected any procedures. (We have a comprehensive test-suite). But this removal was done only on a small part of code. Now I am looking for some way to automate this work. We rely on GCC to do the work. P.S. I'm interested in removing stuff like: variables which are being read just for the sake of reading from them. variables which are spread across multiple source files and only being written to. For example: file1.c: int i; file2.c: extern int i; .... i=x;

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• Do you leverage the benefits of the open-closed principle?

  - by Kaleb Pederson

  The open-closed principle (OCP) states that an object should be open for extension but closed for modification. I believe I understand it and use it in conjunction with SRP to create classes that do only one thing. And, I try to create many small methods that make it possible to extract out all the behavior controls into methods that may be extended or overridden in some subclass. Thus, I end up with classes that have many extension points, be it through: dependency injection and composition, events, delegation, etc. Consider the following a simple, extendable class: class PaycheckCalculator { // ... protected decimal GetOvertimeFactor() { return 2.0M; } } Now say, for example, that the OvertimeFactor changes to 1.5. Since the above class was designed to be extended, I can easily subclass and return a different OvertimeFactor. But... despite the class being designed for extension and adhering to OCP, I'll modify the single method in question, rather than subclassing and overridding the method in question and then re-wiring my objects in my IoC container. As a result I've violated part of what OCP attempts to accomplish. It feels like I'm just being lazy because the above is a bit easier. Am I misunderstanding OCP? Should I really be doing something different? Do you leverage the benefits of OCP differently? Update: based on the answers it looks like this contrived example is a poor one for a number of different reasons. The main intent of the example was to demonstrate that the class was designed to be extended by providing methods that when overridden would alter the behavior of public methods without the need for changing internal or private code. Still, I definitely misunderstood OCP.

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