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• Linux wireless disconnect every 20 minutes

  - by james

  My laptop uses CentOS 6.3 with kernel 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64. My wireless adaptor is Intel Corporation Centrino Wireless-N 1000. My wireless connection always get off after about 20 minutes. The network applet shows the connection is still on with good signal strength, but I just cannot load any web pages even the configuration page of the wireless router. The problem will continue until I disable and reconnect the wireless. Other devices like my cell phone uses the same wireless network without the problem. Even yesterday I'm using the same laptop with Fedora 17 without this problem. I also searched the internet and someone said running services NetworkManager and network simultaneously may be a problem. But I cannot stop any one of them because: if I stop network and start NetworkManager, the network service will start automatically; if I stop NetworkManager and run network, it says "Device does not seem to be present, delaying initialization." when trying to bringing on the wireless. What shall I do to get rid of the problem? Thank you very much!

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• Changing file browser in Scientific Linux

  - by karolg

  I use Scientific Linux Release 6.1 (Carbon) with GNOME 2.28.2. When I double-click on a folder on the Desktop it is opened in "File Browser". When I open a folder via "Places" on the Main Menu Bar, the folder is opened in "File Manager". I dislike "File Manager" and I don't understand why there are two different programs (file managers) running depending on how I open a folder. How can I get rid of "File Manager"?

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• how to setup a bridge with 2 NICs and few virtual machines

  - by Bond

  Here is my situation. I have a server with 2 NICs. I have installed virtual box and I have created a few Guest Operating Systems on it. I want these Virtual Machines to be using a bridge.NIC2 would be used to setup this bridge and NIC1 would be connected to corporate network.I am not clear with how should I go on doing this. /etc/network/interfaces is the file which I am trying to modify etc. My approach is following 1) Define a configuration file /etc/network/interfaces 2) Create IPTABLES as how NIC1 will forward the packets to Bridge on NIC2 Now comes the problem I do not understand what is the meaning of following lines in the configuration file auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto eth2 iface eth2 inet manual auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 192.168.1.14 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.1.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 gateway 192.168.1.10 # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed dns-nameservers 192.168.13.2 dns-search myserver.net bridge_ports eth2 bridge_fd 9 bridge_hello 2 bridge_maxage 12 bridge_stp off So any pointers to what should be the entries of /etc/network/interfaces file. So that I understand which parameter is to be used when and where that would help me.

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• Sparc Solaris 2.6 will not boot

  - by joshxdr

  I have a very old Sparc Solaris network that was working fine last week, but after a power outage none of the workstations will boot. The network looks like this: host A: solaris 2.6, shares /export/home to network by NFS host B: solaris 8, runs NIS server. Mounts /export/home/ by NFS. host C: RHEL5, shares /share to network by NFS. Mounts /export/home/ by NFS. I figured that the main problem was host A, since you need the home directories available for the other workstations to boot(?). Host A does not mount anything by NFS as far as I know. However, this workstation will NOT boot. The OBP bootup sequence looks like this: Boot device <blah> configuring network interface le0 Hostname <hostname> check file system <everything ok> check ufs filesystem <everything ok> NIS domainname is <name> starting router discovery starting rpc services: rpcbind keyserv ypbind done setting default interface for multicast: add net 224.0.0.0: gateway <hostname> <HANGS at this point> Is there some kind of debug mode so that I can get more detail as to why the workstation won't boot? Is my network structure inherently susceptible to power outage? Is there a way I can boot up to command line so I can at least turn off the NFS mounting?

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• Wireless router setup for 1-1 NAT

  - by Carlos

  What I have: A linksys router WAG160N with firmware version 2 A "pool" of 5 external static IP's provided by my ISP 213.xx.xxx.n All the required configuration values for the static IPs such as (Subnet Mask, Gateway and static DNS 1, 2, 3) Current WAN Configuration: Encapsulation: RFC 2364 PPPoA Multiplexing: VC QoS type: UBR DSL modulation: MultiMode What's connected to the network: 1 x Server (That I want to make available to the outside) 5 x Desktops with static internal IP's, such as 192.168.0.xx 2 x Network printers, also with internal static IP's 2 x Laptops 1 x NAS (Network Attached Storage) also on static IP What I want to do: I would like to make the server available from outside the network, for example from your house. The problem is that Im not really sure how to do this. I have tried following the steps on the instruction manual in Linksys but they do not seem to work, once I set it up as shown bellow, I loose internet and all hell breaks loose. Going into further detail, I would prefer if the network is changed as little as possible, by this I mean that all the computers stay networked within eachother and only the server is accessible from the outside the network. What I need HELP with: I have read around that it is possible to set a 1-1 NAT (I know where it is in the menu but have no clue what it does...) so that I can NAT a single public IP directly to a single private IP (in our case the server). But please, How do I do that? Or maybe an alternative?

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• DHCP Relay setup in ubuntu server

  - by jerichorivera

  I have a network appliance (QNO) that works as traffic load balancer and dhcp server. I would like to add a linux server in between the network appliance and the client computers. The linux server will be used to monitor bandwidth usage. My problem is I still want DHCP to be served by the network appliance so that load balancing will still work efficiently. We are afraid that if we setup the linux server as the DHCP server the network appliance will not be able to load balance the traffic if it only sees the linux server as a single client connecting to it. I've been searching all over for a tutorial on how to setup DHCP relay but have not found any. How do I setup DHCP relay on my linux server given there are two NICs attached to it, one connects the linux server to the network appliance and the other connects the linux server to the client computers. EDIT Router (DHCP) ---- [eth0] Linux Server (Relay agent) [eth1] ----- PC (network) Router IP is 192.168.0.100 eth0 is on DHCP eth1 is static 192.168.2.11 (if I need to change this I can) Tried to do dhcrelay -i eth1 192.168.0.100, but the PC was not getting any DHCP lease from the DHCP router. I might be missing something here.

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• Debian Wheezy IPv6 isn't configured with ifup post-up hook

  - by aef

  We recently set up a server on Debian Wheezy Beta 3 (x86_64) which has a native IPv6 connection. We configured the eth0 interface to get the IPv6 configuration through some post-up hook commands in /etc/network/interfaces. The result is, that after the booting the system up, there is only IPv4 and an auto-configured link-local IPv6 address configured on the interface, as if the command has never been executed. When we additionally place the commands after the call to ifup -a inside the /etc/init.d/networking init script, everything works as expected and we have a fully configured interface after booting up. This is quite an ugly way to configure the interface. What are we doing wrong with the ifup post-up hooks? Or is this a bug? The section from /etc/network/interfaces looks like this (IP-addresses changed): allow-hotplug eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 1.2.3.1 netmask 255.255.255.192 network 1.2.3.0 broadcast 1.2.3.63 gateway 1.2.3.62 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 dns-search mydomain.tld post-up ip -6 addr add 2001:db8:100:3022::2 dev eth0 post-up ip -6 route add fe80::1 dev eth0 post-up ip -6 route add default via fe80::1 dev eth0 I also tried it in this alternative way: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 1.2.3.1 netmask 255.255.255.192 network 1.2.3.0 broadcast 1.2.3.63 gateway 1.2.3.62 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 dns-search mydomain.tld iface eth0 inet6 static address 2001:db8:100:3022::2 netmask 64 gateway fe80::1 What we added to /etc/init.d/networking: … case "$1" in start) process_options check_ifstate if [ "$CONFIGURE_INTERFACES" = no ] then log_action_msg "Not configuring network interfaces, see /etc/default/networking" exit 0 fi set -f exclusions=$(process_exclusions) log_action_begin_msg "Configuring network interfaces" if ifup -a $exclusions $verbose && ifup_hotplug $exclusions $verbose # Our additions ip -6 addr add 2001:db8:100:3022::2 dev eth0 ip -6 route add fe80::1 dev eth0 ip -6 route add default via fe80::1 dev eth0 then log_action_end_msg $? else log_action_end_msg $? fi ;; …

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• Wireless Access Point stopped working

  - by Alex Pritchard

  I have a simple LAN set up at home using a Linksys WRT54GSV4 as my primary router and an Encore ENHWI-2AN3 as an access point. I connect the Encore to the Linksys by running a cable from one of the Linksys LAN ports into the Encore WAN input. I originally configured this using the Encore setup wizard, setting the device up in AP Router Mode. It detected the input network and worked about as expected, creating a second network that used my primary network to connect to the internet. It worked fine for about 2 weeks, then abruptly cut out today. I checked to make sure the network was still live through the cable going into the Encore (provides internet when connected to a laptop directly) and that devices are still able to connect to the network being broadcast by the Encore. When I try to rerun the connection wizard on the Encore, I receive the message "No Services found in WAN port." The WAN Settings is no longer retrieving a dynamic ip from the line. I tried providing a static IP, assigning an IP address within the subnet range of my primary router that wasn't being used and pointing the Default Gateway to the Linksys IP, but this did not work either. When I plug the cable into the WAN port, an internet light comes on that is not lit when a live network is not connected. I've tried doing a hard reset on the Encore (held down the rest button until the lights flashed, reconfigured from scratch), but the WAN settings are still not detected. Also tried powering off and on the modem, linksys, and encore. Any suggestions would be appreciated!

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• Ubuntu IP Configuration - multiple subnets & interfaces

  - by HaydnWVN

  Have a 'new' mailserver running postfix on Ubuntu. We are having some problems configuring the subnets & interfaces. Basically 2 subnets (.253. & .254.) need to be connected through the 3rd subnet (.252.) where the Router is residing. # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 10.62.254.199 netmask 255.255.0.0 network 10.62.254.0 broadcast 10.62.255.255 #gateway 10.62.252.138 # dns-* options are implemented by the resolvconf package, if installed dns-nameservers 10.62.252.138 dns-search ***.com auto eth1 iface eth1 inet static address 10.62.253.199 netmask 255.255.0.0 network 10.62.253.0 broadcast 10.62.255.255 #gateway 10.62.252.138 #dns-nameservers 10.62.254.199 10.62.253.199 10.62.252.199 dns-nameservers 10.62.252.138 dns-search ***.com auto eth2 iface eth2 inet static address 10.62.252.199 netmask 255.255.0.0 network 10.62.252.0 broadcast 10.62.255.255 gateway 10.62.252.138 #dns-nameservers 10.62.254.199 10.62.253.199 10.62.252.199 dns-search ***.com I have an external support company who are looking into this (they built and configured this server), but it's taking far too long... So I'm looking to highlight the mistake!

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• Why is piping dd through gzip so much faster than a direct copy?

  - by Foo Bar

  I wanted to backup a path from a computer in my network to another computer in the same network over a 100MBit/s line. For this I did dd if=/local/path of=/remote/path/in/local/network/backup.img which gave me a very low network transfer speed of something about 50 to 100 kB/s, which would have taken forever. So I stopped it and decided to try gzipping it on the fly to make it much smaller so that the amount to transfer is less. So I did dd if=/local/folder | gzip > /remote/path/in/local/network/backup.img.gz But now I get something like 1 MB/s network transfer speed, so a factor of 10 to 20 faster. After noticing this, I tested this on several paths and files and it was always the same. Why does piping dd through gzip also increase the transfer rates by a large factor instead of only reducing the bytelength of the stream by a large factor? I'd expected even a small decrease in transfer rates instead, due to the higher CPU consumption while compressing, but now I get a double plus. Not that I'm not happy, but just wondering. ;)

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• Query specific nameserver for a particular domain upon VPN connect

  - by MT

  Some background: I have a work laptop with Ubuntu 9.10 on it. I have a small network at home where I've been running some basic services (for myself/my family) for 10 some years. In my home network there is a nameserver (Fedora) running Bind 9 with two "views". One view is the "outside" view and it provides name resolution (to the Internet at large) for email, a wiki, and a couple of blogs. The "inside" view provides name resolution (to the internal RFC1918 addresses of theses servers) as well as all the inside hosts, network equipment, ...etc. I connect with an openvpn client to my home network from outside (such as work). What I'd like to be able to do is resolve names on my internal network across this VPN (so I get the RFC1918 "inside" responses) without fully changing my resolver to the DNS server at my hose. For example, if I connect to the VPN from work, I can change my resolver (by editing resolv.conf) to the DNS server at my house (across the VPN) and then successfully resolve all of the inside DNS names on my home network. The issue I have with this is that now I'm no longer able to resolve "inside" names provided by my work's DNS servers (because I'm using my home DNS server). Alternatively, I can connect to the VPN and access my home severs via IP addresses directly, but this is inconvenient and causes issues with Apache name-based hosting (among other things). In the end, the effect I'm trying to achieve is as follows: When I connect to the VPN I automatically start sending DNS requests for *.myhomedomain.com to my home nameserver, but any other requests continue to go the the nameserver I was using before (the one I received on my company LAN via DHCP). When I disconnect the VPN, requests for *.myhomedomain.com go back to the local LAN DNS server (e.g. all requests are going there now). I'm looking for suggestion at to how this can be accomplished.

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• What can be done to improve time synchronization on networks with sporadic internet access?

  - by anregen

  I'm looking for advice setting up time servers for a very non-typical network. I support many closed networks that have occasional access to the internet. A network would get access most days for a few hours, but would frequently go 1-3 weeks blacked-out. The computers/servers on this network are mostly *nix-based, but not all the same flavor. The entire network is mobile, so when it connects, it will have very different hops/latency to internet time servers. The servers on the closed network are powered-off frequently (at least daily). Right now, my gut tells me to use NTP (because I hate re-learning all the stuff that someone else already got working pretty well). But I have several issues, and am looking for someone with experience in this type of strange situation. I currently have no solution in place, I'm simply letting the internal clocks drift. This results in errors of ~600s in a majority of networks. I have seen mismatch worse than 10,000s. Is there something "better" than NTP in this situation? I know NTP likes to have very frequent, consistent access to servers that give nearly identical answers. I won't have that. How many internal NTP servers should I configure, so that during periods of internet blackout, I have internal time that is consistent within the closed network? There is no human access. No matter how large the mismatch, the server(s) must attempt to correct itself. Discrete steps are very bad. No matter how large the mismatch, the correction must be "slewed", not "stepped". I understand that this could take many hours to correct.

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• Upgrade of Ubuntu 8.10 distribution fails due to missing packages

  - by Tim

  I have a server that I've forgotten to upgrade for ages, which is still running Intrepid (8.10). I'd like to upgrade it to a newer version of the distribution, so that I can get security patches etc. I found some instructions that tell me to install the package update-manager-core. I tried the following: $ sudo apt-get install update-manager-core but this fails since some of the necessary packages can't be found: ... Err http://archive.ubuntu.com intrepid/main python-apt 0.7.7.1ubuntu4 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.40 80] Err http://archive.ubuntu.com intrepid-updates/main update-manager-core 1:0.93.34 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.40 80] Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python-apt/python-apt_0.7.7.1ubuntu4_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.40 80] Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/u/update-manager/update-manager-core_0.93.34_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.40 80] ... I know that Intrepid is no longer supported, and so I guess some of the necessary files may no longer be maintained. But this seems rather unhelpful: I can't upgrade because it's too old, and the only way to fix this would be to upgrade it. Is there a way round this? Is something else wrong?

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• Can I send email after a agent job meets particular condition?

  - by Saaza Khan

  Every night. Am running a job what checks the produc expiration date.but ther products have different managers..for eg.milk comes under manager..vegetables comes under another manager ..etc so these people have different emails..I nee dot know wether it is possible to send a email to each manager when ever the product under their category is about to expire ,since it is runig as a job and in the night ..I am curious to know if I am following a correct way and if so how do I proceed

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• Configuring WPA WiFi in Ubuntu 10.10

  - by sma

  Hello, I am trying to configure my wireless network on my laptop running Ubuntu 10.10 and am having a bit of difficulty. I am a complete Linux newb, but want to learn it, hence the reason I'm trying to set this up. Here's the vitals: It is a Gateway 600 YG2 laptop. It was previously running Windows XP, but I installed Ubuntu 10.10 in place of it (not a dual boot, I removed XP altogether). I have an old wireless card that I'm trying to resurrect. I haven't really used the card in a couple years, but it seems to still work, I just can't connect to my home's wireless network. The card is a Linksys WPC11 v2.5. When I plug it in, Ubuntu recognizes the network, but won't connect to it. My home network uses WPA encryption and the only connection type that Ubuntu's network manager is giving me is WEP and then it asks for a key -- I have no idea what that key should be. So, basically, I'm asking, is there a way I can instead connect through WPA? I've tried creating a new connection in network manager, but that won't work, it keeps falling back to the WEP connection and asking me for a key. I have tried to install the XP driver using ndiswrapper but I don't know if that's working or not. Is there a way to tell if: A) the card is working as it should B) the correct drivers are installed (again, I installed the XP one using ndiswrapper NET8180.INF, but I'm not sure what to do next) Any help would be appreciated. Thank you.

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• Very high CPU and low RAM usage - is it possible to place some of swap some of the CPU usage to the RAM (with CloudLinux LVE Manager installed)?

  - by Chriswede

  I had to install CloudLinux so that I could somewhat controle the CPU ussage and more importantly the Concurrent-Connections the Websites use. But as you can see the Server load is way to high and thats why some sites take up to 10 sec. to load! Server load 22.46 (8 CPUs) (!) Memory Used 36.32% (2,959,188 of 8,146,632) (ok) Swap Used 0.01% (132 of 2,104,504) (ok) Server: 8 x Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E31230 @ 3.20GHz Memory: 8143680k/9437184k available (2621k kernel code, 234872k reserved, 1403k data, 244k init) Linux Yesterday: Total of 214,514 Page-views (Awstat) Now my question: Can I shift some of the CPU usage to the RAM? Or what else could I do to make the sites run faster (websites are dynamic - so SQL heavy) Thanks top - 06:10:14 up 29 days, 20:37, 1 user, load average: 11.16, 13.19, 12.81 Tasks: 526 total, 1 running, 524 sleeping, 0 stopped, 1 zombie Cpu(s): 42.9%us, 21.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 33.7%id, 1.9%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 8146632k total, 7427632k used, 719000k free, 131020k buffers Swap: 2104504k total, 132k used, 2104372k free, 4506644k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 318421 mysql 15 0 1315m 754m 4964 S 474.9 9.5 95300:17 mysqld 6928 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 2.0 0.0 90:42.85 kondemand/3 476047 headus 17 0 172m 19m 10m S 1.7 0.2 0:00.05 php 476055 headus 18 0 172m 18m 9.9m S 1.7 0.2 0:00.05 php 476056 headus 15 0 172m 19m 10m S 1.7 0.2 0:00.05 php 476061 headus 18 0 172m 19m 10m S 1.7 0.2 0:00.05 php 6930 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1.3 0.0 161:48.12 kondemand/5 6931 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1.3 0.0 193:11.74 kondemand/6 476049 headus 17 0 172m 19m 10m S 1.3 0.2 0:00.04 php 476050 headus 15 0 172m 18m 9.9m S 1.3 0.2 0:00.04 php 476057 headus 17 0 172m 18m 9.9m S 1.3 0.2 0:00.04 php 6926 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1.0 0.0 90:13.88 kondemand/1 6932 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1.0 0.0 247:47.50 kondemand/7 476064 worldof 18 0 172m 19m 10m S 1.0 0.2 0:00.03 php 6927 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.7 0.0 93:52.80 kondemand/2 6929 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0.3 0.0 161:54.38 kondemand/4 8459 root 15 0 103m 5576 1268 S 0.3 0.1 54:45.39 lvest

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• setting up vpn server

  - by Lock

  I need help in visualising how to setup our VPN box when we move to our new network with Telstra. We have a safe@office 500P, which has a public IP and a private IP of 192.168.19.2. It is physically connected to our router, which has 4 different interfaces, one being 192.168.19.1. On the VPN box, we have a static route to forward everything to 192.168.19.1 which is the router, and from there it works out where to go. Now, we are moving to a Telstra WAN and things are setup a little differently. Our head office router has only 3 interfaces- 1 is for the link to the switch that has the fibre connection (so our route to the internet and other branches), 1 is for our 10.10.20.x network and one is for the local branch network. I really have no idea how to set this up as with the new setup, we will not have a port for it to plug into on the router. Could I just plug it into the 10.10.20.x network? Would I have to give it a public IP or can we just forward through the ports that it would use? Another suggestion was to VLAN our switch into two networks- one for the 10.10.20.x network and one for the network the VPN currently sits on (192.168.19.x), and setup the router to trunk between the port and the switch. Not sure how to do this. Sorry VPN's are definitely not my strong suit. Any advice appreciated!

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• Codeigniter: Controller URI with Library

  - by Kevin Brown

  I have a working controller and library function, but I now need to pass a URI segment to the library for decision making, and I'm stuck. Controller: function survey($method) { $id = $this->session->userdata('id'); $data['member'] = $this->home_model->getUser($id); //Convert the db Object to a row array $data['manager'] = $data['member']->row(); $manager_id = $data['manager']->manager_id; $data['manager'] = $this->home_model->getUser($manager_id); $data['manager'] = $data['manager']->row(); if ($data['manager']->credits == '0') { flashMsg('warning',"You can't complete the assessment until your manager has purchased credit."); redirect('home','location'); } elseif ($data['manager']->test_complete == '3'){ flashMsg('warning',"You already completed the Assessment."); redirect('home','location'); } else{ $data['header'] = "Home"; $this->survey_form_processing->survey_form($this->_container,$data); } } Library: function survey_form($container) { if($method ==1){ $id = $this->CI->session->userdata('id'); // Setup fields for($i=1;$i<18;$i++){ $fields["a_".$i] = 'Question '.$i; } for($i=1;$i<17;$i++){ $fields["b_".$i] = 'Question '.$i; } $fields["company_name"] = "Company Name"; $fields['company_address'] = "company_address"; $fields['company_phone'] = "company_phone"; $fields['company_state'] = "company_state"; $fields['company_city'] = "company_city"; $fields['company_zip'] = "company_zip"; $fields['job_title'] = "job_title"; $fields['job_type'] = "job_type"; $fields['job_time'] = "job_time"; $fields['department'] = "department"; $fields['supervisor'] = "supervisor"; $fields['vision'] = "vision"; $fields['height'] = "height"; $fields['weight'] = "weight"; $fields['hand_dominance'] = "hand_dominance"; $fields['areas_of_fatigue'] = "areas_of_fatigue"; $fields['injury_review'] = "injury_review"; $fields['job_positive'] = "job_positive"; $fields['risk_factors'] = "risk_factors"; $fields['job_improvement_short'] = "job_improvement_short"; $fields['job_improvement_long'] = "job_improvement_long"; $fields["c_1"] = "Near Lift"; $fields["c_2"] = "Middle Lift"; $fields["c_3"] = "Far Lift"; $this->CI->validation->set_fields($fields); // Set Rules for($i=1;$i<18;$i++){ $rules["a_".$i]= 'hour|integer|max_length[2]'; } for($i=1;$i<17;$i++){ $rules["b_".$i]= 'hour|integer|max_length[2]'; } // Setup form default values $this->CI->validation->set_rules($rules); if ( $this->CI->validation->run() === FALSE ) { // Output any errors $this->CI->validation->output_errors(); } else { // Submit form $this->_submit(); } // Modify form, first load $this->CI->db->from('be_user_profiles'); $this->CI->db->where('user_id' , $id); $user = $this->CI->db->get(); $this->CI->db->from('be_survey'); $this->CI->db->where('user_id' , $id); $survey = $this->CI->db->get(); $user = array_merge($user->row_array(),$survey->row_array()); $this->CI->validation->set_default_value($user); // Display page $data['user'] = $user; $data['header'] = 'Risk Assessment Survey'; $data['page'] = $this->CI->config->item('backendpro_template_public') . 'form_survey'; $this->CI->load->view($container,$data); } else{ redirect('home','location'); } } My library function doesn't know what to do with Method...and I'm confused. Does it have something to do with instances in my library?

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• Summary of Oracle E-Business Suite Technology Webcasts and Training

  - by BillSawyer

  Last Updated: November 16, 2011We're glad to hear that you've been finding our ATG Live Webcast series to be useful.  If you missed a webcast, you can download the presentation materials and listen to the recordings below. We're collecting other learning-related materials right now.  We'll update this summary with pointers to new training resources on an ongoing basis.  ATG Live Webcast Replays All of the ATG Live Webcasts are hosted by the Oracle University Knowledge Center.  In order to access the replays, you will need a free Oracle.com account. You can register for an Oracle.com account here.If you are a first-time OUKC user, you will have to accept the Terms of Use. Sign-in with your Oracle.com account, or if you don't already have one, use the link provided on the sign-in screen to create an account. After signing in, accept the Terms of Use. Upon completion of these steps, you will be directed to the replay. You only need to accept the Terms of Use once. Your acceptance will be noted on your account for all future OUKC replays and event registrations. 1. E-Business Suite R12 Oracle Application Framework (OAF) Rich User Interface Enhancements (Presentation) Prabodh Ambale (Senior Manager, ATG Development) and Gustavo Jiminez (Development Manager, ATG Development) offer a comprehensive review of the latest user interface enhancements and updates to OA Framework in EBS 12.  The webcast provides a detailed look at new features designed to enhance usability, including new capabilities for personalization and extensions, and features that support the use of dashboards and web services. (January 2011) 2. E-Business Suite R12 Service Oriented Architectures (SOA) Using the E-Business Suite Adapter (Presentation, Viewlet) Neeraj Chauhan (Product Manager, ATG Development) reviews the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) capabilities within E-Business Suite 12, focussing on using the E-Business Suite Adapter to integrate EBS with third-party applications via web services, and orchestrate services and distributed transactions across disparate applications. (February 2011) 3. Deploying Oracle VM Templates for Oracle E-Business Suite and Oracle PeopleSoft Enterprise Applications Ivo Dujmovic (Director, ATG Development) reviews the latest capabilities for using Oracle VM to deploy virtualized EBS database and application tier instances using prebuilt EBS templates, wire those virtualized instances together using the EBS virtualization kit, and take advantage of live migration of user sessions between failing application tier nodes.  (February 2011) 4. How to Reduce Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Using Oracle E-Business Suite Management Packs (Presentation) Angelo Rosado (Product Manager, ATG Development) provides an overview of how EBS sysadmins can make their lives easier with the Management Packs for Oracle E-Business Suite Release 12.  This session highlights key features in Application Management Pack (AMP) and Application Change Management Pack) that can automate or streamline system configurations, monitor EBS performance and uptime, keep multiple EBS environments in sync with patches and configurations, and create patches for your own EBS customizations and apply them with Oracle's own patching tools.  (June 2011) 5. Upgrading E-Business Suite 11i Customizations to R12 (Presentation) Sara Woodhull (Principal Product Manager, ATG Development) provides an overview of how E-Business Suite developers can manage and upgrade existing EBS 11i customizations to R12.  Sara covers methods for comparing customizations between Release 11i and 12, managing common customization types, managing deprecated technologies, and more. (July 2011) 6. Tuning All Layers of E-Business Suite (Part 1 of 3) (Presentation) Lester Gutierrez, Senior Architect, and Deepak Bhatnagar, Senior Manager, from the E-Business Suite Application Performance team, lead Tuning All Layers of E-Business Suite (Part 1 of 3). This webcast provides an overview of how Oracle E-Business Suite system administrators, DBAs, developers, and implementers can improve E-Business Suite performance by following a performance tuning framework. Part 1 focuses on the performance triage approach, tuning applications modules, upgrade performance best practices, and tuning the database tier. This ATG Live Webcast is an expansion of the performance sessions at conferences that are perennial favourites with hardcore Apps DBAs. (August 2011)  7. Oracle E-Business Suite Directions: Deployment and System Administration (Presentation) Max Arderius, Manager Applications Technology Group, and Ivo Dujmovic, Director Applications Technology group, lead Oracle E-Business Suite Directions: Deployment and System Administration covering important changes in E-Business Suite R12.2. The changes discussed in this presentation include Oracle E-Business Suite architecture, installation, upgrade, WebLogic Server integration, online patching, and cloning. This webcast provides an overview of how Oracle E-Business Suite system administrators, DBAs, developers, and implementers can prepare themselves for these changes in R12.2 of Oracle E-Business Suite. (October 2011) Oracle University Courses For a general listing of all Oracle University courses related to E-Business Suite Technology, use the Oracle University E-Business Suite Technology course catalog link. Oracle University E-Business Suite Technology Course Catalog 1. R12 Oracle Applications System Administrator Fundamentals In this course students learn concepts and functions that are critical to the System Administrator role in implementing and managing the Oracle E-Business Suite. Topics covered include configuring security and user management, configuring flexfields, managing concurrent processing, and setting up other essential features such as profile options and printing. In addition, configuration and maintenance of an Oracle E-Business Suite through Oracle Applications Manager is discussed. Students also learn the fundamentals of Oracle Workflow including its setup. The System Administrator Fundamentals course provides the foundation needed to effectively control security and ensure smooth operations for an E-Business Suite installation. Demonstrations and hands-on practice reinforce the fundamental concepts of configuring an Oracle E-Business Suite, as well as handling day-to-day system administrator tasks. 2. R12.x Install/Patch/Maintain Oracle E-Business Suite This course will be applicable for customers who have implemented Oracle E-Business Suite Release 12 or Oracle E-Business Suite 12.1. This course explains how to go about installing and maintaining an Oracle E-Business Suite Release 12.x system. Both Standard and Express installation types are covered in detail. Maintenance topics include a detailed examination of the standard tools and utilities, and an in-depth look at patching an Oracle E-Business Suite system. After this course, students will be able to make informed decisions about how to install an Oracle E-Business Suite system that meets their specific requirements, and how to maintain the system afterwards. The extensive hands-on practices include performing an installation on a Linux system, navigating the file system to locate key files, running the standard maintenance tools and utilities, applying patches, and carrying out cloning operations. 3. R12.x Extend Oracle Applications: Building OA Framework Applications This class is a hands-on lab-intensive course that will keep the student busy and active for the duration of the course. While the course covers the fundamentals that support OA Framework-based applications, the course is really an exercise in J2EE programming. Over the duration of the course, the student will create an OA Framework-based application that selects, inserts, updates, and deletes data from a R12 Oracle Applications instance. 4. R12.x Extend Oracle Applications: Customizing OA Framework Applications This course has been significantly changed from the prior version to include additional deployments. The course doesn't teach the specifics of configuration of each product. That is left to the product-specific courses. What the course does cover is the general methods of building, personalizing, and extending OA Framework-based pages within the E-Business Suite. Additionally, the course covers the methods to deploy those types of customizations. The course doesn't include discussion of the Oracle Forms-based pages within the E-Business Suite. 5. R12.x Extend Oracle Applications: OA Framework Personalizations Personalization is the ability within an E-Business Suite instance to make changes to the look and behavior of OA Framework-based pages without programming. And, personalizations are likely to survive patches and upgrades, increasing their utility. This course will systematically walk you through the myriad of personalization options, starting with simple examples and increasing in complexity from there. 6. E-Business Suite: BI Publisher 5.6.3 for Developers Starting with the basic concepts, architecture, and underlying standards of Oracle XML Publisher, this course will lead a student through a progress of exercises building their expertise. By the end of the course, the student should be able to create Oracle XML Publisher RTF templates and data templates. They should also be able to deploy and maintain a BI Publisher report in an E-Business Suite instance. Students will also be introduced to Oracle BI Publisher Enterprise. 7. R12.x Implement Oracle Workflow This course provides an overview of the architecture and features of Oracle Workflow and the benefits of using Oracle Workflow in an e-business environment. You can learn how to design workflow processes to automate and streamline business processes, and how to define event subscriptions to perform processing triggered by business events. Students also learn how to respond to workflow notifications, how to administer and monitor workflow processes, and what setup steps are required for Oracle Workflow. Demonstrations and hands-on practice reinforce the fundamental concepts. 8. R12.x Oracle E-Business Suite Essentials for Implementers Oracle R12.1 E-Business Essentials for Implementers is a course that provides a functional foundation for any E-Business Suite Fundamentals course.

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• UEFI/GPT Win 7 Load Failure in Dual Boot and no GRUB2 [Ubuntu 12.04]

  - by cristian_jordache

  Configuration: MBB: ASRock X79 Extreme6 Win 7 installed on a INTEL 40GB SSD (GPT partitioned) Ubuntu 14.04 on a CORSAIR 30GB SSD (Ext4 and SWAP) I had Windows 7 installed previously in UEFI mode, using 3 partitions (GPT) and works fine if left alone. In UEFI BIOS settings I can see sometimes a "Windows Boot Manager" and other times (?) a "UEFI Intel" entry for INTEL HDD and Windows will boot properly selecting the one available at that time. I installed Ubuntu 14.04 after Win 7 w/o changing any UEFI BIOS settings and it works fine only if the BIOS is set w/ the Ubuntu partition as the first drive to boot, in AHCI mode. If both SSD drives are connected, the Win7 Intel boot drive can be chosen as first boot device but only as an "AHCI Intel drive" (No "Windows Boot Manager" nor "UEFI Intel device" options available in BIOS Boot menu) and Win7 will not load properly as long as the Ubuntu Crucial SSD is NOT PHYSICALLY DISCONNECTED. Windows will try, start booting for few seconds but will fail replacing Win7 logo and that startup animation with w/ the "old" white progress bar and then and will notify that there is a issue and prompt the user to try to Load Win 7 in Normal Mode again or try a Recovery Mode to fix it. If I let Windows INTEL HDD boot via BIOS/UEFI - Windows Boot manager selection, I may see the purple screen of Grub2 loaded for a while, but there's no selection for Ubuntu or Windows and/or then machine is not booting, showing a black screen and a small command prompt cursor blinking on top. So far the only option I see to have Ubuntu boot side by side w/ Win 7 is to reformat the Win7 SDD and set it boot in legacy BIOS mode with a MBR instead of GPT. Per my understanding this is a quite complex issue to fix (Rod Smith's answer was pretty helpful: UEFI boot on my Asus k52f) but any other suggestions are welcome. I find a bit odd that I can boot properly Windows7 SSD or an Ubuntu DVD using a DVD drive set in UEFI-BIOS in "AHCI mode" and w/ using "UEFI/Windows Boot Manager" booting option but I cannot boot a secondary SSD-HDD w/ Ubuntu having the same BIOS/UEFI Boot configuration. Looks like plugging the second SSD [the Ubuntu partition] is interfering with boot options in UEFI-BIOS.

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• Get the latest Oracle VM updates

  - by Honglin Su

  We have released the latest Oracle VM updates for both x86 and SPARC.  For Oracle VM Server for SPARC: Oracle Solaris 11 SRU8.5 includes Oracle VM server for SPARC 2.2 so if you're already running a Solaris 11 as the control domain. All you need do is a 'pkg update' to get the latest 2.2 bits. Learn more how to upgrade to the latest Oracle VM Server for SPARC 2.2 release on Solaris 11 here and consult the documentation for further details. For Oracle VM Server for x86:  Download Oracle VM Manager 3.1.1 Patch Update from My Oracle Support, patch ID 14227416. With the latest Oracle VM Manager 3.1.1 build 365, you can explore Oracle VM Manager 3 Command Line Interface (CLI). Download Oracle VM Server Update from Oracle Unbreakable Linux Network. To receive notification on the software update delivered to Oracle ULN for Oracle VM, you can sign up here. For information on setting up an Oracle VM Server Yum repository and using Oracle VM Manager to perform the upgrade of Oracle VM Servers, see Updating and Upgrading Oracle VM Servers in the Oracle VM User's Guide For more information about Oracle's virtualization, visit oracle.com/virtualization.

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• OpenWorld 2012—Is Almost Here!

  - by Scott McNeil

  With OpenWorld fast approaching, I thought I would take this opportunity to look at some of the “must see” database manageability activities and sessions happening this year. Here's a quick run down: Oracle Database Manageability: Download all the details for sessions, hands-on-labs, and demos (PDF) Keynotes: Sunday, September 30 Hardware and Software, Engineered to Work Together: Why It’s A Different Approach Larry Ellison, CEO, Oracle Monday, October 1 Shift Complexity Hosted by Mark Hurd, President, Oracle Andrew Mendelsohn, Senior Vice President, Database Server Technologies, Oracle IOUG SIG Sunday: Database Performance Tuning: Getting the Best out of Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c (session ID# CON6511) Oracle DEMOgrounds: Floor plan – Moscone South Automatic Application and SQL Tuning Automatic Performance Diagnostics Complete Database Lifecycle Management Data Masking and Data Subsetting Database Testing with Oracle Real Application Testing Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c Overview Oracle Exadata Management Hands-on-Labs: Database Performance Testing, Data Masking, and Subsetting (session ID# HOL10720) Database Performance Tuning Hands-on Lab (session ID# HOL10393) Sessions: What’s Next for Oracle Database? (session ID# GEN8259) Building and Managing a Private Oracle Database Cloud (session ID# GEN11421) Using Oracle Enterprise Manager to Manage Your Own Private Cloud (session ID# GEN11423) Extreme Database Management with the Latest Generation of Database Technology (session ID# CON9547) Oracle OpenWorld Music Festival New this year is Oracle’s first annual Oracle OpenWorld Musical Festival, featuring some of today's breakthrough musicians from around the country and the world. It's five nights of back-to-back performances in the heart of San Francisco—free to registered attendees. See the lineup Not Heading to OpenWorld—Watch it Live! Stay Connected: Twitter | Facebook | YouTube | Linkedin | Newsletter Download the Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control12c Mobile app

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• Best of OTN - Week of August 10th

  - by CassandraClark-OTN

  Brief pubic service announcement before we get into the OTN community best of content for the week.... Four Bands. Three Epic Nights. Join Oracle for three evenings of entertainment and fun, all during Oracle OpenWorld and JavaOne, September 28-October 2, San Francisco. Learn More Architect Community Any discussion of the best of OTN must include the OTN ArchBeat Podcast. Consistently among the top 3 most popular Oracle podcasts, Archbeat focuses on real conversations with community members. Normally I pick the topics and the guest panelists for each program, but now you have a chance to take over that role and become a Guest Producer. In that role you'll pick the discussion topic and the panelists, while I do the all of the grunt work, allowing you to bask in the glory Want to know how to become an OTN ArchBeat Podcast Guest Producer? You'll find the details here: Yes, you can take over the OTN ArchBeat Podcast! And here are two examples of OTN ArchBeat Podcasts produced by community members: Data Warehousing and Oracle Data Integrator, from July 2013, was produced by Oracle ACE Director Gurcan Orhan, and features panelists Uli Bethke , Cameron Lackpour , and Michael Rainey . DevOps, Cloud, and Role Creep, from June 2013, was produced by Oracle ACE Director Ron Batra and features panelists Basheer Khan and Cary Millsap -- OTN Architect Community Manager Bob Rhubart Database Community OTN DBA/DEV Watercooler Blog - Did You Say "JSON Support" in Oracle 12.1.0.2?. -- OTN Database Community Manager Laura Ramsey Java Community The Java Source Blog - walkmod : A Tool to Apply Coding Conventions . Friday Funny: I was worried the #NSA might be spying on me Thanks, @pacohope. -- OTN Java Community Manager Tori Weildt Systems Community The OTN Systems Community HomePage- Find Great Resources for System Admins and Developers. -- OTN Systems Community Manager Rick Ramsey

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• ORAchk 2.2.5 – New Tool Features & New Health Checks for the Oracle Stack

  - by SamanthaF-Oracle

  ORAchk version 2.2.5 is now available for download, new features in 2.2.5: Running checks for multiple databases in parallel Ability to schedule multiple automated runs via ORAchk daemon New "scratch area" for ORAchk temporary files moved from /tmp to a configurable $HOME directory location System health score calculation now ignores skipped checks Checks the health of pluggable databases using OS authentication New report section to report top 10 time consuming checks to be used for optimizing runtime in the future More readable report output for clusterwide checks Includes over 50 new Health Checks for the Oracle Stack Provides a single dashboard to view collections across your entire enterprise using the Collection Manager, now pre-bundled Expands coverage of pre and post upgrade checks to include standalone databases, with new profile options to run only these checks Expands to additional product areas in E-Business Suite of Workflow & Oracle Purchasing and in Enterprise Manager Cloud Control ORAchk has replaced the popular RACcheck tool, extending the coverage based on prioritization of top issues reported by users, to proactively scan for known problems within the area of: Oracle Database Standalone Database Grid Infrastructure & RAC Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA) Validation Upgrade Readiness Validation Golden Gate Enterprise Manager Cloud Control Repository E-Business Suite Oracle Payables (R12 only) Oracle Workflow Oracle Purchasing (R12 only) Oracle Sun Systems Oracle Solaris ORAchk features: Proactively scans for the most impactful problems across the various layers of your stack Streamlines how to investigate and analyze which known issues present a risk to you Executes lightweight checks in your environment, providing immediate results with no configuration data sent to Oracle Local reporting capability showing specific problems and their resolutions Ability to configure email notifications when problems are detected Provides a single dashboard to view collections across your entire enterprise using the Collection Manager ORAchk will expand in the future with high impact checks in existing and additional product areas. If you have particular checks or product areas you would like to see covered, please post suggestions in the ORAchk subspace in My Oracle Support Community. For more details about ORAchk see Document 1268927.2

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• WSDL-world vs CLR-world – some differences

  - by nmarun

  A change in mindset is required when switching between a typical CLR application and a web service application. There are some things in a CLR environment that just don’t add-up in a WSDL arena (and vice-versa). I’m listing some of them here. When I say WSDL-world, I’m mostly talking with respect to a WCF Service and / or a Web Service. No (direct) Method Overloading: You definitely can have overloaded methods in a, say, Console application, but when it comes to a WCF / Web Services application, you need to adorn these overloaded methods with a special attribute so the service knows which specific method to invoke. When you’re working with WCF, use the Name property of the OperationContract attribute to provide unique names. 1: [OperationContract(Name = "AddInt")] 2: int Add(int arg1, int arg2); 3:  4: [OperationContract(Name = "AddDouble")] 5: double Add(double arg1, double arg2); By default, the proxy generates the code for this as: 1: [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute( 2: Action="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfService/AddInt", 3: ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfService/AddIntResponse")] 4: int AddInt(int arg1, int arg2); 5: 6: [System.ServiceModel.OperationContractAttribute( 7: Action="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfServiceExtend/AddDouble", 8: ReplyAction="http://tempuri.org/ILearnWcfServiceExtend/AddDoubleResponse")] 9: double AddDouble(double arg1, double arg2); With Web Services though the story is slightly different. Even after setting the MessageName property of the WebMethod attribute, the proxy does not change the name of the method, but only the underlying soap message changes. 1: [WebMethod] 2: public string HelloGalaxy() 3: { 4: return "Hello Milky Way!"; 5: } 6:  7: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 8: public string HelloGalaxy(string galaxyName) 9: { 10: return string.Format("Hello {0}!", galaxyName); 11: } The one thing you need to remember is to set the WebServiceBinding accordingly. 1: [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.None)] The proxy is: 1: [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute("http://tempuri.org/HelloGalaxy", 2: RequestNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 3: ResponseNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 4: Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, 5: ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)] 6: public string HelloGalaxy() 7:  8: [System.Web.Services.WebMethodAttribute(MessageName="HelloGalaxy1")] 9: [System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapDocumentMethodAttribute("http://tempuri.org/HelloAnyGalaxy", 10: RequestElementName="HelloAnyGalaxy", 11: RequestNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 12: ResponseElementName="HelloAnyGalaxyResponse", 13: ResponseNamespace="http://tempuri.org/", 14: Use=System.Web.Services.Description.SoapBindingUse.Literal, 15: ParameterStyle=System.Web.Services.Protocols.SoapParameterStyle.Wrapped)] 16: [return: System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("HelloAnyGalaxyResult")] 17: public string HelloGalaxy(string galaxyName) 18:  You see the calling method name is the same in the proxy, however the soap message that gets generated is different. Using interchangeable data types: See details on this here. Type visibility: In a CLR-based application, if you mark a field as private, well we all know, it’s ‘private’. Coming to a WSDL side of things, in a Web Service, private fields and web methods will not get generated in the proxy. In WCF however, all your operation contracts will be public as they get implemented from an interface. Even in case your ServiceContract interface is declared internal/private, you will see it as a public interface in the proxy. This is because type visibility is a CLR concept and has no bearing on WCF. Also if a private field has the [DataMember] attribute in a data contract, it will get emitted in the proxy class as a public property for the very same reason. 1: [DataContract] 2: public struct Person 3: { 4: [DataMember] 5: private int _x; 6:  7: [DataMember] 8: public int Id { get; set; } 9:  10: [DataMember] 11: public string FirstName { get; set; } 12:  13: [DataMember] 14: public string Header { get; set; } 15: } 16: } See the ‘_x’ field is a private member with the [DataMember] attribute, but the proxy class shows as below: 1: [System.Runtime.Serialization.DataMemberAttribute()] 2: public int _x { 3: get { 4: return this._xField; 5: } 6: set { 7: if ((this._xField.Equals(value) != true)) { 8: this._xField = value; 9: this.RaisePropertyChanged("_x"); 10: } 11: } 12: } Passing derived types to web methods / operation contracts: Once again, in a CLR application, I can have a derived class be passed as a parameter where a base class is expected. I have the following set up for my WCF service. 1: [DataContract] 2: public class Employee 3: { 4: [DataMember(Name = "Id")] 5: public int EmployeeId { get; set; } 6:  7: [DataMember(Name="FirstName")] 8: public string FName { get; set; } 9:  10: [DataMember] 11: public string Header { get; set; } 12: } 13:  14: [DataContract] 15: public class Manager : Employee 16: { 17: [DataMember] 18: private int _x; 19: } 20:  21: // service contract 22: [OperationContract] 23: Manager SaveManager(Employee employee); 24:  25: // in my calling code 26: Manager manager = new Manager {_x = 1, FirstName = "abc"}; 27: manager = LearnWcfServiceClient.SaveManager(manager); The above will throw an exception saying: In short, this is saying, that a Manager type was found where an Employee type was expected! Hierarchy flattening of interfaces in WCF: See details on this here. In CLR world, you’ll see the entire hierarchy as is. That’s another difference. Using ref parameters: * can use ref for parameters, but operation contract should not be one-way (gives an error when you do an update service reference)   => bad programming; create a return object that is composed of everything you need! This one kind of stumped me. Not sure why I tried this, but you can pass parameters prefixed with ref keyword* (* terms and conditions apply). The main issue is this, how would we know the changes that were made to a ‘ref’ input parameter are returned back from the service and updated to the local variable? Turns out both Web Services and WCF make this tracking happen by passing the input parameter in the response soap. This way when the deserializer does its magic, it maps all the elements of the response xml thereby updating our local variable. Here’s what I’m talking about. 1: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 2: public string HelloGalaxy(ref string galaxyName) 3: { 4: string output = string.Format("Hello {0}", galaxyName); 5: if (galaxyName == "Andromeda") 6: { 7: galaxyName = string.Format("{0} (2.5 million light-years away)", galaxyName); 8: } 9: return output; 10: } This is how the request and response look like in soapUI. As I said above, the behavior is quite similar for WCF as well. But the catch comes when you have a one-way web methods / operation contracts. If you have an operation contract whose return type is void, is marked one-way and that has ref parameters then you’ll get an error message when you try to reference such a service. 1: [OperationContract(Name = "Sum", IsOneWay = true)] 2: void Sum(ref double arg1, ref double arg2); 3:  4: public void Sum(ref double arg1, ref double arg2) 5: { 6: arg1 += arg2; 7: } This is what I got when I did an update to my service reference: Makes sense, because a OneWay operation is… one-way – there’s no returning from this operation. You can also have a one-way web method: 1: [SoapDocumentMethod(OneWay = true)] 2: [WebMethod(MessageName = "HelloAnyGalaxy")] 3: public void HelloGalaxy(ref string galaxyName) This will throw an exception message similar to the one above when you try to update your web service reference. In the CLR space, there’s no such concept of a ‘one-way’ street! Yes, there’s void, but you very well can have ref parameters returned through such a method. Just a point here; although the ref/out concept sounds cool, it’s generally is a code-smell. The better approach is to always return an object that is composed of everything you need returned from a method. These are some of the differences that we need to bear when dealing with services that are different from our daily ‘CLR’ life.

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