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  • How to configure a Linux kernel based on the modules currently in use?

    - by Carla
    Hello, I'm willing to build a minimal kernel with only the needed things for my machine; so I started by compiling the kernel from the ground up, using the default configuration and adding things that I know for sure I have (i.e.: Ethernet card, WiFi card, ...). But there are several other things not so easy to know about (i.e.: the watchdog timer) so I came across AutoKernConf which supposedly detects the hardware of the machine and generates a kernel configuration file with the settings for the found devices. The problem is it contained several settings repeated and even some which I don't have (I'm using a Dell laptop and one of the things it "found" was something of a Toshiba one). So I ended up building a kernel with the configuration that came out of the make allmodconfig command, which is a kernel with most of the things compiled as modules. Booting into that kernel and running lsmod I can see all of the kernel modules in use (the ones really needed) and I would like to know if there is a tool or some way for me to parse that list and convert it to the corresponding kernel configuration file. Or how to map each one with the appropriate options in the kernel so that I can manually set them. Thank you very much for your time.

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  • On a linux server how do you use multiple terminals over a single ssh connection?

    - by epochwolf
    I often find myself opening several ssh connections in order to view several log files at a time with tail -f. This isn't a problem when I'm at home because I use public key encryption for password-less login. However, I will often use computer at my university to do this so I don't have the option of using my private key. It gets annoying to enter my password 4 or 5 times to get several terminal windows. How can I get multiple terminals over a single connection?

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  • Daisychain external USB drive to WD My Book World Edition (Blue rings)

    - by d03boy
    I recently bought a new My Book Essential 1TB (WDBACW0010HBK-NESN) to daisychain to my older My Book World Edition 500GB (blue rings) with one of the version 01.xx.xx firmwares. At first when I connected the USB drive to the MBWE, it showed up in the System Summary section of the administration page without any issue. I was able to set up a new share on the new drive. The administration website moved very, very slow though. The administration pages became nearly unresponsive during this setup process. Once the share was set up I could access the new share but again, it was very slow, now through Windows Explorer. I looked around the internet and it seems that this is caused by the USB drive being formatted with NTFS. I tried reformatting it (again, as NTFS) just to double check and the same problem occurred. I then tried FAT32 but realized it would only support files of approximately 2GB and that is not acceptable for me. I decided to try a firmware upgrade on the MBWE to version 02.00.19. The firmware upgrade completed successfully but now the MBWE does not display the USB drive in the System Summary like it did with the earlier firmware version. The USB drive works perfectly fine when connected directly to my computer. Is there a way to solve this issue?

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  • Removing orphaned iTunes songs from hard drive

    - by JubJub
    Some times when I delete songs from iTunes it does not ask me if I also want to delete it from the hard drive. As a result I have a bunch of songs that are taking up space in my hard drive that are not in iTunes. I have over 3000 files, is there an automated way to find files on the hard drive that are NOT in iTunes? I want to delete them so that they are not taking up space.

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  • Issues with VSFTPD / FTP on Linux Ubuntu server - Steps for Troubleshooting?

    - by jnolte
    I am dealing with an issue I am unclear on how to resolve and have been pulling my hair out for some time. I have been trying to configure an FTP user using the following (we use this same documentation on all servers) Install FTP Server apt-get install vsftpd Enable local_enable and write_enable to YES and anonymous user to NO in /etc/vsftpd.conf restart - service vsftpd restart - to allow changes to take place Add WordPress User for FTP access in WP Admin Create a fake shell for the user add "usr/sbin/nologin" to the bottom of the /etc/shells file Add a FTP user account useradd username -d /var/www/ -s /usr/sbin/nologin passwd username add these lines to the bottom of /etc/vsftpd.conf - userlist_file=/etc/vsftpd.userlist - userlist_enable=YES - userlist_deny=NO Add username to the list at top of /etc/vsftpd.userlist restart vsftpd "service vsftpd restart" make sure firewall is open for ftp "ufw allow ftp" allow modify the /var/www directory for username "chown -R /var/www I have also went through everything listed on this post and no luck. I am getting connection refused. Sorry for the poor text formatting above. I think you get the idea. This is something we do over and over and for some reason it is not cooperating here. Setup is Ubuntu 12.04LTS and VSFTPD v2.3.5 Thank you in advance.

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  • Cannot boot from a hard drive

    - by Martin Melka
    I have a problem booting from a hdd. I used to have it as my main drive before I bought an SSD, so I had been able to boot from it. But for some reason, now, half a year later, I can't get it to work. I completely erased it, deleting data and partitioning (using EASEUS Partition Master), then I installed Kubuntu (without changing anything in the installer), but it simply won't boot up. It always boots the drive with Windows and when I unplug this drive, it only gives me an error "PXE-E61: Media test failure, check cable", I guess it's trying to boot from LAN. I tried installing the system on a freshly deleted drive, without any other drives plugged in the pc, but the problems persist. This is how the drives look now (first one has Windows 7 installed, the second one Kubuntu): I am lost. I mean, after doing a fresh wipe and a clean install without altering anything, it should work. But it doesn't. What can be wrong here? Thanks

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  • Is there any way to get the combine two xml into one xml in Linux.

    - by user28167
    XML one is something like that: <dict> <key>2</key> <array> <string>A</string> <string>B</string> </array> <key>3</key> <array> <string>C</string> <string>D</string> <string>E</string> </array> </dict> XML Two is something like that: <dict> <key>A</key> <array> <string>A1</string> <false/> <false/> <array> <string>Apple</string> <string>This is an apple</string> </array> <array> <string>Apple Pie</string> <string>I love Apple Pie.</string> </array> </array> <key>B</key> <array> <string>B7</string> <false/> <false/> <array> <string>Boy</string> <string>I am a boy.</string> </array> </array> </dict> I want to convert to this: <dict> <key>2</key> <array> <string>A, Apple, Apple Pie</string> <string>B, Boy</string> </array> ... </dict>

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  • Installed Paragon HFS+ for Windows 8, now my pc won't recognize the external firewire drive

    - by Steve
    I'm not incredibly knowledgeable about computers and I really need some help. Just got a Seagate external firewire drive this morning. I downloaded the necessary pc driver (Paragon HFS+ for Windows 8) through their website per the instructions that came with the drive. After installation, I restarted and the pc recognized the firewire drive just fine. About three hours into copying files from my pc to the firewire drive, it gave me an error and told me the files couldn't be copied. When I clicked to get out of the message, the computer crashed. After an hour of it trying to repair itself in safe mode, it restored me to an earlier version before the system crashed. Here's my current dilemma: The Paragon HFS+ is still showing up in my programs as installed, but the Device Manager is not recognizing the drive. When I try to uninstall and reinstall Paragon, it interrupts me with a message saying "The setup must update files or services that cannot be updated while the system is running" and basically gives me the finger. I have no idea what to do now, as it won't let me uninstall and reinstall Paragon, and I have no idea why it crashed my computer in the first place. Is there possibly another Mac - PC firewire driver I can try downloading instead? I really don't know what I'm doing and any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • How do I log file system read/writes by filename in Linux?

    - by Casey
    I'm looking for a simple method that will log file system operations. It should display the name of the file being accessed or modified. I'm familiar with powertop, and it appears this works to an extent, in so much that it show the user files that were written to. Is there any other utilities that support this feature. Some of my findings: powertop: best for write access logging, but more focused on CPU activity iotop: shows real time disk access by process, but not file name lsof: shows the open files per process, but not real time file access iostat: shows the real time I/O performance of disk/arrays but does not indicate file or process

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  • How can I delete a specific file from a set of results using the find command in Linux?

    - by PeanutsMonkey
    I have the following command that lists all files with the extension doc, docx, etc. find . -maxdepth 1 -iname \*.doc\* The command returns numerous files some of which I would like to delete. So for example the results returned are Example.docx Dummydata.doc Sample.doc I would like to delete Sample.doc and Dummydata.docx. How do I delete the files using the -exec option. Am I able to pass in the names of the files e.g. rm Dummydata.docx Sample.doc hence the command would look as follows find . -maxdepth 1 -iname \*.doc\* -exec rm Dummydata.docx Sample.doc Can I pass the names of the files within {} afterrm`? e.g. find . -maxdepth 1 -iname \*.doc\* -exec rm {Dummydata.docx} Sample.doc Is there a better way of doing it?

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  • What is proper relationship between /etc/hosts and DNS A records for a Linux server?

    - by MountainX
    I have an Ubuntu server. It is going to be a web server with a URI of www.example.com. I have a DNS A record pointing www.example.com to the server's IP address. Let's say I pick "trinity" as the hostname for this server. I want to set up the DNS records correctly. I need reverse DNS to www.example.com, so a CNAME for www.example.com doesn't seem appropriate. Here's my question: Is it considered best practice to set up two DNS records (which in my case would likely be two A records), one for www.example.com and one for trinity.example.com, both pointing to this server's IP address? (Or, even if it is not accepted as a best practice, is it a good idea?) If so, would the following be a proper /etc/hosts file? $ cat /etc/hosts 127.0.1.1 trinity.local trinity 99.100.101.102 trinity.example.com trinity www.example.com This server is a Linode and Linode's docs seem to imply that the above approach is best (if I am reading them correctly). Here's the relevant section. I bolded the line that seems to apply here. Update /etc/hosts Next, edit your /etc/hosts file to resemble the following example, replacing "plato" with your chosen hostname, "example.com" with your system's domain name, and "12.34.56.78" with your system's IP address. As with the hostname, the domain name part of your FQDN does not necesarily need to have any relationship to websites or other services hosted on the server (although it may if you wish). As an example, you might host "www.something.com" on your server, but the system's FQDN might be "mars.somethingelse.com." File:/etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 12.34.56.78 plato.example.com plato The value you assign as your system's FQDN should have an "A" record in DNS pointing to your Linode's IP address. For more information on configuring DNS, please see our guide on configuring DNS with the Linode Manager.

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  • How do I batch-downsize images on linux, while keeping small images small?

    - by Gabriel
    I have a whole lot of photos and it's time to clean up the mess and free some disk space. I know mogrify is great to batch-resize things down. The problem is, in some directories I have small images mixed with the big ones. I'd like to batch-downsize all the big one but not upsize the small ones. As an example, I have a rep with tens of MBs-pictures in the 3000x2000s. Some of them I have already downsized so I could email them. They may be 1024x768. I'd like to downsize the big ones to 1600x1200, a disk-space-to-quality tradeoff I like. But then, with mogrify or convert, the small ones will be upsized, which would be a waste of disk space. I found some tricky ways to use identify with cut and some scripting to filter the small pics out and mogrify the others, but man, there's got a way to tell mogrify not to upsize my pics... How ? Is there some other tool better suited ?

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  • Failing to load rootfs: Ubuntu 10 + grub2 + rootfs ext4 w/ RAID1

    - by James
    I am having problems booting a new Ubuntu 10 (server) install. My primary HD (/dev/sda) is laid out as follows: Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 18 144553+ 83 Linux <-- /BOOT /dev/sda2 19 182401 1464991447+ 5 Extended /dev/sda5 19 2207 17583111 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sda6 2208 11934 78132096 fd Linux raid autodetect <-- / (ROOTFS) /dev/sda7 11935 182401 1369276146 fd Linux raid autodetect The rootfs is part of a RAID1 (software) array (currently degraded): # cat /proc/mdstat Personalities : [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid1] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md2 : active raid1 sda6[1] 78132032 blocks [2/1] [_U] The UUIDs for the partitions are as follows: # blkid /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1: UUID="b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c" TYPE="ext2" # blkid /dev/sda6 /dev/sda6: UUID="af7b9ede-fa53-c0c1-74be-31ec752c5cd5" TYPE="linux_raid_member" # blkid /dev/md2 /dev/md2: UUID="a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f" TYPE="ext4" Finally, I have my grub2 menuentry setup as follows: ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.32-25-server' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { insmod ext2 insmod raid insmod mdraid set root='(hd0,1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set b25dd301-41b9-4f4d-9b0a-0e31713dd74c linux /vmlinuz-2.6.32-25-server root=UUID=a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f ro nosplash noplymouth initrd /initrd.img-2.6.32-25-server } When I attempt to boot, grub loads OK, however I eventually get the following error message: Gave up waiting for root device. ALERT /dev/disk/by-uuid/a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f does not exist. Dropping to a shell! If from the grub bootloader I open a grub command line, I can ls (hd0,) and it lists the correct partitions with the UUIDs as shown above - sda6 shows 'a0602d42-6855-482f-870c-6f6ecdcdae3f' (the RAID UUID). If I ls (md2)/ it properly lists all the files on the RAID1 filesystem (ext4) so it doesn't appear to be an issue accessing the raid device. Does anyone have any suggestions as to what the problem might be? I can't figure this one out.

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  • Eject a bad disk from optical drive

    - by Chuck
    I have an Alienware computer with one of the optical DVD drives that does not have a manual tray, just a slot to insert the disk. I recently inserted a disk that was apparently bad. It is unreadable does not show up in Windows Explorer. I tried right clicking on the Drive letter and hitting eject, but get an error message that there is no disk in the drive. How do I get the d--ned disk out so I can use the drive?

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  • How to install Windows 7 on a MacBook with HDDs and no optical drive, without rEFIt

    - by user1238528
    I just removed the SuperDrive on my MacBook Pro and replaced it with an SSD. So now my laptop has a SSD, and a HDD, but no optical drive. I have Lion on the SSD and I want to install Windows 7 on the HDD. Unfortunately, Boot Camp only will install Windows off of the Windows DVD. I have made a bootable Windows 7 thumb drive but my MacBook Pro won’t boot off it. So my question is how can I install Windows on the other HDD? I have thought about maybe using Oracle VirtualBox to install it on that hard drive, but I don’t know if that would allow me to boot directly into Windows. I really don't want to go down the whole virtualization route. I know I could just take out the SSD, put back in the optical drive, run the Windows 7 DVD, take the optical drive back out, put the SSD back in. But that sounds like a nightmare. Also, I really don’t want to use things like rEFIt. Any advice?

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  • Accessing clearcase view drive from virtual machine is slow

    - by PermanentGuest
    I have a windows XP virtual machine running under a Windows XP host. On the host : On the host clearcase 7.1.1.2 is installed. I have a dynamic view mapped onto some drive. The view has certain VOB/directory structure where my application DLLs from the nightly build and config files are stored. I run my application on the host machine which uses the DLLs and config files from the VOB and everything runs smooth. Now I want to move this set-up to a virtual machine. On the guest : I'm running the guest with a vm-player. I don't want to install clear-case on this as I don't want to expose this machine onto the network. The network setting in the guest is 'host-only'. I have mapped the host's clearcase view drive as a shared folder and I'm able to access this drive from the virtual machine. Also, the application is running. However, the problem is that the access of the clearcase drive from the virtual machine is very slow. I can experience this from the windows explorer. Due to this, the starting of my application takes several seconds in the virtual machine while on the guest it comes up pretty fast. My question is : Is there any way to speed up the performance? I have managed to copy some of the DLLs which don't change frequently to the virtual machine to improve the performance. However, there are still lot of DLLs which have to be taken from the clearcase drive as they change frequently. VMplayer version is : VM Player 3.0.1 build-227600 Both guest and host is : Windows XP service pack 3 Host clearcase is : clearcase 7.1.1.2

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  • How long to install a new RAID 1 pair in linux using hardware RAID?

    - by Roger H
    Hi, I need to install a pair of 1Tb disks into a server that has a hardware RAID card. How long is it likely to take to configure the RAID controller - sticking the disks in is only a 5 minute job, but is there likely to be significant downtime while both disks mirror (even though they are both blank)? Am I looking at 10 minutes over all, or more like 2 hours for this to happen? Thanks

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