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  • Best Method of function parameter validation

    - by Aglystas
    I've been dabbling with the idea of creating my own CMS for the experience and because it would be fun to run my website off my own code base. One of the decisions I keep coming back to is how best to validate incoming parameters for functions. This is mostly in reference to simple data types since object validation would be quite a bit more complex. At first I debated creating a naming convention that would contain information about what the parameters should be, (int, string, bool, etc) then I also figured I could create options to validate against. But then in every function I still need to run some sort of parameter validation that parses the parameter name to determine what the value can be then validate against it, granted this would be handled by passing the list of parameters to function but that still needs to happen and one of my goals is to remove the parameter validation from the function itself so that you can only have the actual function code that accomplishes the intended task without the additional code for validation. Is there any good way of handling this, or is it so low level that typically parameter validation is just done at the start of the function call anyway, so I should stick with doing that.

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  • How to write comments to explain the "why" behind the callback function when the function and parameter names are insufficient for that?

    - by snowmantw
    How should I approach writing comments for callback functions? I want to explain the "why" behind the function when the function and parameter names are insufficient to explain what's going on. I have always wonder why comments like this can be so ordinary in documents of libraries in dynamic languages: /** * cb: callback // where's the arguments & effects? */ func foo( cb ) Maybe the common attitude is "you can look into source code on your own after all" which pushes people into leaving minimalist comments like this. But it seems like there should be a better way to comment callback functions. I've tried to comment callbacks in Haskell way: /** * cb: Int -> Char */ func foo(cb) And to be fair, it's usually neat enough. But it gets into trouble when I need to pass some complex structure. The problem being partly due to the lack of type system: /** * cb: Int -> { err: String -> (), success: () -> Char } // too long... */ func foo(cb) Or I have tried this too: /** * cb: Int -> { err: String -> (), * success: () -> Char } // better ? */ func bar(cb) The problem is that you may put the structure in somewhere else, but you must give it a name to reference it. But then when you name a structure you're about to use immediately looks so redundant: // Somewhere else... // ResultCallback: { err: String -> (), success: () -> Char } /** * cb: Int -> ResultCallback // better ?? */ func foo(cb) And it bothers me if I follow the Java-doc like commenting style since it still seems incomplete. The comments don't tell you anything that you couldn't immediately see from looking at the function. /** * @param cb {Function} yeah, it's a function, but you told me nothing about it... * @param err {Function} where should I put this callback's argument ?? * Not to mention the err's own arguments... */ func foo(cb) These examples are JavaScript like with generic functions and parameter names, but I've encountered similar problems in other dynamic languages which allow complex callbacks.

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  • "Phased" execution of functions in javascript

    - by FK82
    Hey there! This is my first post on stackoverflow, so please don't flame me too hard if I come across like a total nitwit or if I'm unable ot make myself perfectly clear. :-) Here's my problem: I'm trying to write a javascript function that "ties" two functions to another by checking the first one's completion and then executing the second one. The easy solution to this obviously would be to write a meta function that calls both functions within it's scope. However, if the first function is asynchronous (specifically an AJAX call) and the second function requires the first one's result data, that simply won't work. My idea for a solution was to give the first function a "flag", i.e. making it create a public property "this.trigger" (initialized as "0", set to "1" upon completion) once it is called; doing that should make it possible for another function to check the flag for its value ([0,1]). If the condition is met ("trigger == 1") the second function should get called. The following is an abstract example code that I have used for testing: <script type="text/javascript" > /**/function cllFnc(tgt) { //!! first function this.trigger = 0 ; var trigger = this.trigger ; var _tgt = document.getElementById(tgt) ; //!! changes the color of the target div to signalize the function's execution _tgt.style.background = '#66f' ; alert('Calling! ...') ; setTimeout(function() { //!! in place of an AJAX call, duration 5000ms trigger = 1 ; },5000) ; } /**/function rcvFnc(tgt) { //!! second function that should get called upon the first function's completion var _tgt = document.getElementById(tgt) ; //!! changes color of the target div to signalize the function's execution _tgt.style.background = '#f63' ; alert('... Someone picked up!') ; } /**/function callCheck(obj) { //alert(obj.trigger ) ; //!! correctly returns initial "0" if(obj.trigger == 1) { //!! here's the problem: trigger never receives change from function on success and thus function two never fires alert('trigger is one') ; return true ; } else if(obj.trigger == 0) { return false ; } } /**/function tieExc(fncA,fncB,prms) { if(fncA == 'cllFnc') { var objA = new cllFnc(prms) ; alert(typeof objA + '\n' + objA.trigger) ; //!! returns expected values "object" and "0" } //room for more case definitions var myItv = window.setInterval(function() { document.getElementById(prms).innerHTML = new Date() ; //!! displays date in target div to signalize the interval increments var myCallCheck = new callCheck(objA) ; if( myCallCheck == true ) { if(fncB == 'rcvFnc') { var objB = new rcvFnc(prms) ; } //room for more case definitions window.clearInterval(myItv) ; } else if( myCallCheck == false ) { return ; } },500) ; } </script> The HTML part for testing: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd > <html> <head> <script type="text/javascript" > <!-- see above --> </script> <title> Test page </title> </head> <body> <!-- !! testing area --> <div id='target' style='float:left ; height:6em ; width:8em ; padding:0.1em 0 0 0; font-size:5em ; text-align:center ; font-weight:bold ; color:#eee ; background:#fff;border:0.1em solid #555 ; -webkit-border-radius:0.5em ;' > Test Div </div> <div style="float:left;" > <input type="button" value="tie calls" onmousedown="tieExc('cllFnc','rcvFnc','target') ;" /> </div> <body> </html> I'm pretty sure that this is some issue with javascript scope as I have checked whether the trigger gets set to "1" correctly and it does. Very likely the "checkCall()" function does not receive the updated object but instead only checks its old instance which obviously never flags completion by setting "this.trigger" to "1". If so I don't know how to address that issue. Anyway, hope someone has an idea or experience with this particular kind of problem. Thanks for reading! FK

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  • Can a function return an object? Objective-C and NSMutableArray

    - by seaworthy
    I have an NSMutableArray. It's members eventually become members of an array instance in a class. I want to put the instantiantion of NSMutable into a function and to return an array object. If I can do this, I can make some of my code easier to read. Is this possible? Here is what I am trying to figure out. //Definition: > function Objects (float a, float b) { > NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; > [array addObject:[NSNumber numberWithFloat:a]]; > [array addObject:[NSNumber numberWithFloat:b]]; > //[release array]; ???????? return array; > } //Declaration: Math *operator = [[Math alloc] init]; [operator findSum:Objects(20.0,30.0)]; My code compiles if I instantiate NSMutableArray right before I send the message to the receiver. I know I can have an array argument along with the method. What I have problem seeing is how to use a function and to replace the argument with a function call. Any help is appreciated. I am interested in the concept not in suggestions to replace the findSum method.

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  • PL/PGSQL function, having trouble accessing a returned result set from psycopg2...

    - by Paul
    I have this pl/pgsql function: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_result(id integer) RETURNS SETOF my_table AS $ DECLARE result_set my_table%ROWTYPE; BEGIN IF id=0 THEN SELECT INTO result_set my_table_id, my_table_value FROM my_table; ELSE SELECT INTO result_set my_table_id, my_table_value FROM my_table WHERE my_table_id=id; END IF; RETURN; END; $ LANGUAGE plpgsql; I am trying to use this with Python's psycopg2 library. Here is the python code: import psycopg2 as pg conn = pg.connect(host='myhost', database='mydatabase', user='user', password='passwd') cur = conn.cursor() return cur.execute("SELECT * FROM get_result(0);") # returns NoneType However, if i just do the regular query, I get the correct set of rows back: ... return cur.execute("SELECT my_table_id, my_table_value FROM mytable;") # returns iterable result set Theres obviously something wrong with my pl/pgsql function, but I can't seem to get it right. I also tried using RETURN result_set; instead of just RETURN in the 10th line of my plpgsql function, but got an error from postgres.

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  • How do I create a good evaluation function for a new board game?

    - by A. Rex
    I write programs to play board game variants sometimes. The basic strategy is standard alpha-beta pruning or similar searches, sometimes augmented by the usual approaches to endgames or openings. I've mostly played around with chess variants, so when it comes time to pick my evaluation function, I use a basic chess evaluation function. However, now I am writing a program to play a completely new board game. How do I choose a good or even decent evaluation function? The main challenges are that the same pieces are always on the board, so a usual material function won't change based on position, and the game has been played less than a thousand times or so, so humans don't necessarily play it enough well yet to give insight. (PS. I considered a MoGo approach, but random games aren't likely to terminate.) Any ideas? Game details: The game is played on a 10-by-10 board with a fixed six pieces per side. The pieces have certain movement rules, and interact in certain ways, but no piece is ever captured. The goal of the game is to have enough of your pieces in certain special squares on the board. The goal of the computer program is to provide a player which is competitive with or better than current human players.

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  • Using parameterized function calls in SELECT statements. SQL Server

    - by geekzlla
    I have taken over some code from a previous developer and have come across this SQL statement that calls several SQL functions. As you can see, the function calls in the select statement pass a parameter to the function. How does the SQL statement know what value to replace the variable with? For the below sample, how does the query engine know what to replace nDeptID with when it calls, fn_SelDeptName_DeptID(nDeptID) nDeptID IS a column in table Note. SELECT STATEMENT: SELECT nCustomerID AS [Customer ID], nJobID AS [Job ID], dbo.fn_SelDeptName_DeptID(nDeptID) AS Department, nJobTaskID AS JobTaskID, dbo.fn_SelDeptTaskDesc_OpenTask(nJobID, nJobTaskID) AS Task, nStandardNoteID AS StandardNoteID, dbo.fn_SelNoteTypeDesc(nNoteID) AS [Note Type], dbo.fn_SelGPAStandardNote(nStandardNoteID) AS [Standard Note], nEntryDate AS [Entry Date], nUserName as [Added By], nType AS Type, nNote AS Note FROM Note WHERE nJobID = 844261 ORDER BY nJobID, Task, [Entry Date] ====================== Function fn_SelDeptName_DeptID: ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[fn_SelDeptName_DeptID] (@iDeptID int) RETURNS varchar(25) -- Used by DataCollection for Job Tracking -- if the Deptartment isnt found return an empty string BEGIN -- Return the Department name for the given DeptID. DECLARE @strDeptName varchar(25) IF @iDeptID = 0 SET @strDeptName = '' ELSE BEGIN SET @strDeptName = (SELECT dName FROM Department WHERE dDeptID = @iDeptID) IF (@strDeptName IS NULL) SET @strDeptName = '' END RETURN @strDeptName END ========================== Thanks in advance.

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  • How to access a variable outside a function in Javascript

    - by Luke101
    Here is the code I am working with: $(document).ready(function () { var TemplateEditor = function () { var GroupClassName = 'group'; var SelectedGroup = 0; var BindClicks = function () { $('.CriteriaSelections').unbind('click').click(function (event) { event.preventDefault(); if (fnIsTheClickedBoxaGroup($(this))) { TemplateEditor.GroupClicked(); } else { TemplateEditor.CriteriaClicked($(this), SelectedGroup); } }); $('.groupselected').unbind('click').click(function (event) { event.preventDefault(); SelectedGroup = $(this).attr('group-'.length); TemplateEditor.SelectGroup(SelectedGroup); }); } var fnGetGroupID = function (Obj) { if (fnIsTheClickedBoxaGroup(Obj) == true) { return null; } else { //Get parent which is the group var ObjParent = Obj.parent(); var GID = ObjParent.attr('id').substr('group-'.length); return GID; } } var fnIsTheClickedBoxaGroup = function (Obj) { var GetClass = Obj.attr('class'); if (GetClass == GroupClassName) { return true; } else { return false; } } return { Init: function () { BindClicks(); }, CriteriaClicked: function (Obj, GroupID) { $('<div>').attr({ id: '' }).addClass('selection').text(Obj).appendTo('#group-' + GroupID); }, GroupClicked: function () { }, SelectGroupClicked: function () { }, UpdateTargetPanel: function () { } }; } (); TemplateEditor.Init(); }); I am trying to access this variable: GroupClassName This variable is inside this function var fnIsTheClickedBoxaGroup = function (Obj) { var GetClass = Obj.attr('class'); if (GetClass == GroupClassName) { return true; } else { return false; } } When I run the program it says GroupClassName is undefined. Am I missing something here?

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  • Using parameterized function calls in SELECT statements. MS SQL Server

    - by geekzlla
    I have taken over some code from a previous developer and have come across this SQL statement that calls several SQL functions. As you can see, the function calls in the select statement pass a parameter to the function. How does the SQL statement know what value to replace the variable with? For the below sample, how does the query engine know what to replace nDeptID with when it calls, fn_SelDeptName_DeptID(nDeptID)? nDeptID IS a column in table Note. SELECT STATEMENT: SELECT nCustomerID AS [Customer ID], nJobID AS [Job ID], dbo.fn_SelDeptName_DeptID(nDeptID) AS Department, nJobTaskID AS JobTaskID, dbo.fn_SelDeptTaskDesc_OpenTask(nJobID, nJobTaskID) AS Task, nStandardNoteID AS StandardNoteID, dbo.fn_SelNoteTypeDesc(nNoteID) AS [Note Type], dbo.fn_SelGPAStandardNote(nStandardNoteID) AS [Standard Note], nEntryDate AS [Entry Date], nUserName as [Added By], nType AS Type, nNote AS Note FROM Note WHERE nJobID = 844261 xORDER BY nJobID, Task, [Entry Date] ====================== Function fn_SelDeptName_DeptID: ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[fn_SelDeptName_DeptID] (@iDeptID int) RETURNS varchar(25) -- Used by DataCollection for Job Tracking -- if the Deptartment isnt found return an empty string BEGIN -- Return the Department name for the given DeptID. DECLARE @strDeptName varchar(25) IF @iDeptID = 0 SET @strDeptName = '' ELSE BEGIN SET @strDeptName = (SELECT dName FROM Department WHERE dDeptID = @iDeptID) IF (@strDeptName IS NULL) SET @strDeptName = '' END RETURN @strDeptName END ========================== Thanks in advance.

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  • Crystal Report Function for converting Seconds to Timespan format.

    - by arakkots
    I have a crystal report where it shows the Agent's activities throughout the day with a pie chart. In the details section it is displaying: Activity [string] StartedAt [DateTime] EndedAt [DateTime] Duration [The difference between EndedAt and StartedAt in seconds - Integer] Report data is GroupedBy Activity and summarized by Duration. Currently Duration is shown in seconds but I need to format it 02h:30m:22s:15ms. For that I wrote a custom function in Crystal Report in the Formula Workshop editor as follows, but it looks like the syntax is not right (Error message on keyword Long: "A variable type (for example, 'String') is missing."). Can someone help? Function GetTimeSpanString(seconds as Long) Dim ts As TimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromSeconds( seconds ); GetTimeSpan = string.Format("{0:D2}h:{1:D2}m:{2:D2}s:{3:D3}ms", ts.Hours, ts.Minutes, ts.Seconds, ts.Milliseconds) End Function

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  • What are the implications of having an "implicit declaration of function" warning in C?

    - by SiegeX
    As the question states, what exactly are the implications of having the 'implicit declaration of function' warning? We just cranked up the warning flags on gcc and found quite a few instances of these warnings and I'm curious what type of problems this may have caused prior to fixing them? Also, why is this a warning and not an error. How is gcc even able to successfully link this executable? As you can see in the example below, the executable functions as expected. Take the following two files for example: file1.c #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { funcA(); return 0; } file2.c #include <stdio.h> void funcA(void) { puts("hello world"); } Compile & Output $ gcc -Wall -Wextra -c file1.c file2.c file1.c: In function 'main': file1.c:3: warning: implicit declaration of function 'funcA' $ gcc -Wall -Wextra file1.o file2.o -o test.exe $ ./test.exe hello world

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  • [macosx]does dlopen call open and read functions?

    - by zbencik
    Hello, I've intercepted(interposed) dlopen function under MacOS X and some other functions. I see how my applications calls dlopen in the log, but don't find anything related to open/read functions after dynamic library was dlopened. How does the system accesses and reads the dynamic library file? I've looked at the source code of dyld, and it does call open/read on dlopen. Can anybody let me know what I'm missing? intercepted functions: dlopen, open, read, write, access, all stat functions, close, etc. thanks, any help is highly appreciated.

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  • how do you set a property of a control to an address of a function in xaml?

    - by ambog36
    Hi, I have a control that has a "Filter" property that expects a function that defines how the contents of the control should be filtered. so far i am setting the filter in code behind as such: MyControl.Filter = AddressOf Filters.MyFilter In this example MyFilter is a shared function in the Filters class with the following signature: Public Shared Function MyFilter(ByVal obj As Object, ByVal text As String) As Boolean I would like to set this in xaml. I was thinking of setting the Filters.MyFilter as a static resource and setting it that way: ...Filter="{StaticResource myFilter}"/ but i cant set Filters.MyFilter as a static resource. Any ideas on how to achieve this? Thanks,

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  • What is this C function supposed to do based on description?

    - by user1261445
    unsigned int hex_c0c0c0c0(): Allowed operators: + - = & | ~ << ! >> Allowed constants: 1 2 4 8 16 Return 0xc0c0c0c0 The above is the description I have been given and I have to write the code for it. Can someone tell me what exactly the function is supposed to do? All the description says is what I have pasted above, so I'm not sure what my goal is. I'm sure it is an easy enough function to program on my own, but it would help if someone could tell me what the function is supposed to do, and maybe provide sample input/output so that I know my code is working correctly once I program this. Thanks.

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  • SQL SERVER – Find First Non-Numeric Character from String

    - by pinaldave
    It is fun when you have to deal with simple problems and there are no out of the box solution. I am sure there are many cases when we needed the first non-numeric character from the string but there is no function available to identify that right away. Here is the quick script I wrote down using PATINDEX. The function PATINDEX exists for quite a long time in SQL Server but I hardly see it being used. Well, at least I use it and I am comfortable using it. Here is a simple script which I use when I have to identify first non-numeric character. -- How to find first non numberic character USE tempdb GO CREATE TABLE MyTable (ID INT, Col1 VARCHAR(100)) GO INSERT INTO MyTable (ID, Col1) SELECT 1, '1one' UNION ALL SELECT 2, '11eleven' UNION ALL SELECT 3, '2two' UNION ALL SELECT 4, '22twentytwo' UNION ALL SELECT 5, '111oneeleven' GO -- Use of PATINDEX SELECT PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%',Col1) 'Position of NonNumeric Character', SUBSTRING(Col1,PATINDEX('%[^0-9]%',Col1),1) 'NonNumeric Character', Col1 'Original Character' FROM MyTable GO DROP TABLE MyTable GO Here is the resultset: Where do I use in the real world – well there are lots of examples. In one of the future blog posts I will cover that as well. Meanwhile, do you have any better way to achieve the same. Do share it here. I will write a follow up blog post with due credit to you. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL String, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • BizTalk Testing Series - The xpath Function

    - by Michael Stephenson
    Background While the xpath function in a BizTalk orchestration is a very powerful feature I have often come across the situation where someone has hard coded an xpath expression in an orchestration. If you have read some of my previous posts about testing I've tried to get across the general theme like test-driven or test-assisted development approaches where the underlying principle is that your building up your solution of small well tested units that are put together and the resulting solution is usually quite robust. You will be finding more bugs within your unit tests and fewer outside of your team. The thing I don't like about the xpath functions usual usage is when you come across an orchestration which has something like the below snippet in an expression or assign shape: string result = xpath(myMessage,"string(//Order/OrderItem/ProductName)"); My main issue with this is that the xpath statement is hard coded in the orchestration and you don't really know it works until you are running the orchestration. Some of the problems I think you end up with are: You waste time with lengthy debugging of the orchestration when your statement isn't working You might not know the function isn't working quite as expected because the testable unit around it is big You are much more open to regression issues if your schema changes     Approach to Testing The technique I usually follow is to hold the xpath statement as a constant in a helper class or to format a constant with a helper function to get the actual xpath statement. It is then used by the orchestration like follows. string result = xpath(myMessage, MyHelperClass.ProductNameXPathStatement); This means that because the xpath statement is available outside of the orchestration it now becomes testable in its own right. This means: I can test it in its own right I'm less likely to waste time tracking down problems caused by an error in the statement I can reduce the risk or regression issuess I'm now able to implement some testing around my xpath statements which usually are something like the following:    The test will use a sample xml file The sample will be validated against the schema The test will execute the xpath statement and then check the results are as expected     Walk-through BizTalk uses the XPathNavigator internally behind the xpath function to implement the queries you will usually use using the navigators select or evaluate functions. In the sample (link at bottom) I have a small solution which contains a schema from which I have generated a sample instance. I will then use this instance as the basis for my tests.     In the below diagram you can see the helper class which I've encapsulated my xpath expressions in, and some helper functions which will format the expression in the case of a repeating node which would want to inject an index into the xpath query.             I have then created a test class which has some functions to execute some queries against my sample xml file. An example of this is below.         In the test class I have a couple of helper functions which will execute the xpath expressions in a similar way to BizTalk. You could have a proper helper class to do this if you wanted.         You can see now in the BizTalk expression editor I can use these functions alongside the xpath function.         Conclusion I hope you can see with very little effort you can make your life much easier by testing xpath statements outside of an orchestration rather than using them directly hard coded into the orchestration.     This can also save you lots of pain longer term because your build should break if your schema changes unexpectedly causing these xpath tests to fail where as your tests around the orchestration will be more difficult to troubleshoot and workout the cause of the problem.     Sample Link The sample is available from the following link: http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/testbtsxpathfunction     Other Tools On the subject of using the xpath function, if you don't already use it the below tool is very useful for creating your xpath statements (thanks BizBert) http://www.bizbert.com/bizbert/2007/11/30/XPath+The+Hidden+Language+Of+BizTalk.aspx

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  • Issue with translating a delegate function from c# to vb.net for use with Google OAuth 2

    - by Jeremy
    I've been trying to translate a Google OAuth 2 example from C# to Vb.net for a co-worker's project. I'm having on end of issues translating the following methods: private OAuth2Authenticator<WebServerClient> CreateAuthenticator() { // Register the authenticator. var provider = new WebServerClient(GoogleAuthenticationServer.Description); provider.ClientIdentifier = ClientCredentials.ClientID; provider.ClientSecret = ClientCredentials.ClientSecret; var authenticator = new OAuth2Authenticator<WebServerClient>(provider, GetAuthorization) { NoCaching = true }; return authenticator; } private IAuthorizationState GetAuthorization(WebServerClient client) { // If this user is already authenticated, then just return the auth state. IAuthorizationState state = AuthState; if (state != null) { return state; } // Check if an authorization request already is in progress. state = client.ProcessUserAuthorization(new HttpRequestInfo(HttpContext.Current.Request)); if (state != null && (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(state.AccessToken) || !string.IsNullOrEmpty(state.RefreshToken))) { // Store and return the credentials. HttpContext.Current.Session["AUTH_STATE"] = _state = state; return state; } // Otherwise do a new authorization request. string scope = TasksService.Scopes.TasksReadonly.GetStringValue(); OutgoingWebResponse response = client.PrepareRequestUserAuthorization(new[] { scope }); response.Send(); // Will throw a ThreadAbortException to prevent sending another response. return null; } The main issue being this line: var authenticator = new OAuth2Authenticator<WebServerClient>(provider, GetAuthorization) { NoCaching = true }; The Method signature reads as for this particular line reads as follows: Public Sub New(tokenProvider As TClient, authProvider As System.Func(Of TClient, DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.IAuthorizationState)) My understanding of Delegate functions in VB.net isn't the greatest. However I have read over all of the MSDN documentation and other relevant resources on the web, but I'm still stuck as to how to translate this particular line. So far all of my attempts have resulted in either the a cast error (see below) or no call to GetAuthorization. The Code (vb.net on .net 3.5) Private Function CreateAuthenticator() As OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient) ' Register the authenticator. Dim client As New WebServerClient(GoogleAuthenticationServer.Description, oauth.ClientID, oauth.ClientSecret) Dim authDelegate As Func(Of WebServerClient, IAuthorizationState) = AddressOf GetAuthorization Dim authenticator = New OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient)(client, authDelegate) With {.NoCaching = True} 'Dim authenticator = New OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient)(client, GetAuthorization(client)) With {.NoCaching = True} 'Dim authenticator = New OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient)(client, New Func(Of WebServerClient, IAuthorizationState)(Function(c) GetAuthorization(c))) With {.NoCaching = True} 'Dim authenticator = New OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient)(client, New Func(Of WebServerClient, IAuthorizationState)(AddressOf GetAuthorization)) With {.NoCaching = True} Return authenticator End Function Private Function GetAuthorization(arg As WebServerClient) As IAuthorizationState ' If this user is already authenticated, then just return the auth state. Dim state As IAuthorizationState = AuthState If (Not state Is Nothing) Then Return state End If ' Check if an authorization request already is in progress. state = arg.ProcessUserAuthorization(New HttpRequestInfo(HttpContext.Current.Request)) If (state IsNot Nothing) Then If ((String.IsNullOrEmpty(state.AccessToken) = False Or String.IsNullOrEmpty(state.RefreshToken) = False)) Then ' Store Credentials HttpContext.Current.Session("AUTH_STATE") = state _state = state Return state End If End If ' Otherwise do a new authorization request. Dim scope As String = AnalyticsService.Scopes.AnalyticsReadonly.GetStringValue() Dim _response As OutgoingWebResponse = arg.PrepareRequestUserAuthorization(New String() {scope}) ' Add Offline Access and forced Approval _response.Headers("location") += "&access_type=offline&approval_prompt=force" _response.Send() ' Will throw a ThreadAbortException to prevent sending another response. Return Nothing End Function The Cast Error Server Error in '/' Application. Unable to cast object of type 'DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.AuthorizationState' to type 'System.Func`2[DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.WebServerClient,DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.IAuthorizationState]'. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.AuthorizationState' to type 'System.Func`2[DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.WebServerClient,DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.IAuthorizationState]'. I've spent the better part of a day on this, and it's starting to drive me nuts. Help is much appreciated.

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  • Looking for a function that will split profits/loss equally between 2 business partners.

    - by Hamish Grubijan
    This is not homework, for I am not a student. This is for my general curiosity. I apologize if I am reinventing the wheel here.The function I seek can be defined as follows (language agnostic): int getPercentageOfA(double moneyA, double workA, double moneyB, double workB) { // Perhaps you may assume that workA == 0 // Compute result return result; } Suppose Alice and Bob want to do business together ... such as ... selling used books. Alice is only interested in investing money in it and nothing else. Bob might invest some money, but he might have no $ available to invest. He will, however, put in the effort in finding a seller, a buyer, and doing maintenance. There are no tools, education, health insurance costs, or other expenses to consider. Both Alice and Bob wish to split the profits "equally" (A different weight like 40/60 for advanced users). Both are entrepreneurs, so they deal with low ROI/wage, and high income alike. There is no fixed wage, minimum wage, fixed ROI, or minimum ROI. They try to find the best deal possible, assume risks and go for it. Now, let's stick with the 50/50 model. If Alice invests $100, Bob invests work, and they will end up with a profit (or loss) of $60, they will split it equally - either both get $30 for their efforts/investments, or Bob ends up owing $30 to Alice. A second possibility: Both Alice and Bob invest 100, then Bob does all the work, and they end up splitting $60 profit. It looks like Alice should get only $15, because $30 of that profit came from Bob's investment and Bob's effort, so Alice shall have none of it, and the other $30 is to be split 50/50. Both of the examples above are trivial even when A and B want to split it 35/65 or what have you. Now it gets more complicated: What if Alice invests $70, and Bob invests $30 + does all of the work. It appears simple: (70,30) = (30,30) + (40,0) ... but, if only we knew how to weigh the two parts relative to each other. Another complicated (I think) example: what if Alice and Bob invest $70 and $30 respectively, and also put in an equal amount of work? I have a few data points: When A and B put in the same amount of work and the same $ - 50/50. When A puts in 100% of the money, and B does 100% of the work - 50/50. When A does all of the work and puts in all of the money - 100 for A / 0 for B (and vice-versa). When A puts in 50% of the money, and B puts in 50% of the money as well as does all of the work - 25 for A, and 75 for B (and vice-versa). If I fix things such that always workA = 0%, workB = 100% of the total work, then getPercentageOfA becomes a function: height z given x and y. The question is - how do you extrapolate this function between these several points? What is this function? If you can cover the cases when workA does not have to be 0% of the total work, and when investment vs work is split as 85/15 or using some other model, then what would the new function be?

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  • Python-How to call up a function from another module?

    - by user2691540
    I am making a project where I need several modules which are imported into one main module to make a pizza ordering service. Upon finishing this (to a working standard) I decided to re-code it so that the whole order is completed with one tkinter window, now instead of using input(), I use tkinter.Entry() etc. etc. To do this I had to use functions for each step so it is broken up nicely, e.g. the code asks if the user wants pickup or delivery, the user clicks a button which sets some variables and one of the buttons is then configured to say "continue" and the command leads to the next step of the pizza ordering process e.g. getting the name. The problem I have is that when I get past the last function of the first module the configured button has a command to go to a function in the second module, but it says that the command is not defined??? I have tried my way around this but cannot import the configured button variable into the next module, and anything else I tried gave no result, it simply doesn't go to the next module after the first module is done. I have made the main tkinter window in the main module and have it that it will mainloop after importing the other modules so shouldn't the function I want to call upon be defined? How can I get from one function to the next if the latter is in a seperate module? Is this possible or do I have to rethink my approach and if so how? Ok then, have made some more code to show what my problem is, this isn't what I am actually using but it's a lot shorter and has the same issue: this is the main module: import tkinter mainwindow = tkinter.Tk() # here i set the window to a certain size etc. import mod1 import mod2 mainwindow.mainloop() this is mod1: import tkinter def button1(): label.destroy() button1.destroy() button2.config(text = "continue", command = func2) def button2(): label.destroy() button1.destroy() button2.config(text = "continue", command = func2) label = tkinter.Label(text = "example label") button1 = tkinter.Button(text = "button1", command = button1) button2 = tkinter.Button(text = "button2", command = button2) label.pack() button1.pack() button2.pack() this is mod2: def func2(): button2.destroy() print ("haha it works...") I still get the problem that func2 is not defined? Thanks in advance

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  • what is the easiest way to do this function in c# ?

    - by From.ME.to.YOU
    Hello let say that we have an array [5,5] 01,02,03,04,05 06,07,08,09,10 11,12,13,14,15 16,17,18,19,20 21,22,23,24,25 the user should send 2 values to the function (start,searchFOR) for example (13,25) the function should search for that value in this way 07,08,09 12, ,14 17,18,19 if the value is n't found in this level it will goes a level higher 01,02,03,04,05 06, , , ,10 11, , , ,15 16, , , ,20 21,22,23,24,25 if the array is bigger than this and the value didn't found it will go to a level higher Thanks for your help

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  • can i quickly run entire page's text through a function on page load?

    - by korben
    i have setup a profanity filter with bad words in a XML file and have the following function to run on my page to replace the words: BadWordFilter.Instance.GetCleanString(TextBox1.Text); i'm about to go through my entire site now wrapping that function around every little text variable one by one and it's going to be a huge pain in the butt i'm hoping there's a way that i could just set my masterpage to automatically run all text through this thing on any page_load, so that the effect would be site-wide instantly. is this possible? much appreciated for any help

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