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• Using a non-validated SED on a Dell R720

  - by a coder

  We were given a Dell R720 a couple years ago, and the machine currently has standard 300GB 3.5" SAS 15k drives. Our RAID controller is a Perc H710. We need to update our disks to FIPS 140-2 certified SED. According to Dell, they have only one tested/validated FIPS SED for this machine/controller, but it is a 7200rpm 3.5" unit. I'm showing that Dell offers a 600GB 15k FIPS SED in 3.5" configuration (Dell part number 342-0605), but they say they haven't validated or tested to know if it works. They informed us that we would not void our warranty in using this non-validated drive. How likely is it that our R720 with H710 controller will work with the non-validated drive? Are there significant differences in how drive manufacturers build SED that would prevent them from working consistently across different controllers?

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• EBS+RAID10+XFS slower than EBS+RAID10+EXT3 using MySQL?

  - by Johann Tagle

  We're currently using EC2 with 16 EBS volumes in RAID10 configuration for our MySQL data. I know some people don't recommend to put EBS volumes to RAID but that's not what I'm concerned about at the moment. Current format is ext3, but we're experimenting with moving to xfs, given many reports that it is faster. However, we're actually experiencing a performance degradation when the partition was converted to xfs - a benchmark run with inserts, updates, selects and deletes was more than 10 seconds slower using xfs. Any idea what could be the problem? Below is the fstab entry (really only changed ext3 to xfs). Database tables are innodb and we are using innodb_file_per_table. /dev/mapper/vg_data-lv_data /data xfs noatime 0 0 Thanks.

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• why is iometer performance slower after first run?

  - by Dan

  I'm doing some benchmarking with IOMeter, and I'm seeing a consistent and susbtantial drop-off in performance after running the first test. These drop-offs are about the same on the three systems I've tested on, which makes me think it's a configuration setting, or just a fact of life about using IOMeter. For example, one system (local RAID 10) went from 388 I/Os per second the first run, to about 211 I/Os per second on every run after that. Everything else about the test was identical, and I also bounced the machine in between runs. So, is this expected behavior, or am I missing something?

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• Should I disable write caching on my Windows 2008 VM?

  - by javano

  I have a Windows Server 2008 x64 Standard virtual machine that runs on a machine with a hardware RAID controller, a Perc 6/i, which has a battery on-board. Doing everything I can for additional performance, I think I should disable this. Is this very dangerous though? My understand is that Battery Backed Write Caching gives a performance boost to the host OS, telling it the write was complete when they are still sitting in flash waiting to be written. However, I can't see how it would be detrimental to performance, but is there a gain (even if marginal) to enabling it / disabling it? P.s. There machine has a backup power. Here is a screen shot for clarification:

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• setting up/installing/configuring nginx LEMP stack on fresh VPS server

  - by Grant Tailor

  I need some help in settingup/installing and configuring nginx LEMP stack on a fresh new VPS I have. The specs of the CentOS 5.7 VPS are 2GB DDR3 ECC RAM(4GB burst), 1 core 1.5Ghz(3Ghz burst) and 100GB RAID 10 storage, unmetered bandwidth @ 100Mpbs all for a whopping $25/month(unbeatable, yeah I know :) Anyways I have followed this LEMP (will also need MySQL and PHP) stack guide on linode http://library.linode.com/lemp-guides/centos-5 but basically what I want is to be able to host multiple website on this webserver after everything is setup. I am used to using DirectAdmin control panel on other server and want to have things setup so I can host multiple websites - mostly wordpress and drupal themes. Lets say 10 websites on this nginx web server. So can someone please help me on what I need to do to take "full" advantage of nginx power and performance, while been able to easily manage these multiple websites (wordpress and drupal themes)?

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• Slave/secondary DNS nameserver

  - by user114671

  I'm learning about DNS and have a very basic, generic question about DNS but I can't find an answer anywhere. I have DNS for a few domains set up as follows: - master records with DNS company A - slave records with DNS company B Company A's nameservers are: ns1.companyA.com. ns2.companyA.com. ns3.companyA.com. ns4.companyA.com. ns5.companyA.com. and company B has three slaves: ns6.companyB.com. ns7.companyB.com. ns8.companyB.com. Everything works fine transferring the records between the nameservers and keeping them in sync. But my question is: The registrar of my domain example.com allows me to choose 4 nameservers only. Do I just pick the first 4 for company A, or do I need to include 1 or more of company B's slave nameservers too?

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• HP LaserJet Pro 400 Color M451dn Phantom Print Jobs

  - by francisswest

  Scenario: Multiple printers hooked up to a printer server (2008r2) including this HP LaserJet Pro 400 Color M451dn. All machines that are using the printer are based on Windows 7 Enterprise x64. Problem: Every couple of days the users who frequent this printer let me know that a few dozen pages with random characters down one side of the paper print out. This happens usually during the evening when no one is around to send print jobs to it. What I have done: Provided the below screen shot of the printer log with what I assume is the print jobs in question. I have looked into the printer driver compatibility and found no issues. Question: Is there a known issue with this printer or similar printers, and is there a solution that people are familiar with when they see multiple pages of gibberish printing out?

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• What is a fairly accepted endpoints to concurrent calls ratio for a PBX?

  - by Logan Bibby

  Hey guys! Not too positive about the relevance of this question to Server Fault, but I'll let you guys poke around at it anyway. :) I'm trying to figure out what an accepted ratio of endpoints to concurrent calls on the "average" office PBX. I'm defining concurrent calls as any call being placed, including internal calls. I'm not going to be considering call centers into this ratio, I'll be looking at those differently, anyway. To give you guys a little history behind the question: I need this ratio to be able to figure out decent specs for a virtual PBX service I'm going to be rolling out within the upcoming months. The ratio will determine the number of trunks needed per PBX system. -- Logan

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• Explanation of the init.d/scripts Fedora

  - by Shahmir Javaid

  Below is a copy of vsftpd, i need some explanations of some of the scripts mentioned below in this script: #!/bin/bash # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: vsftpd # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog # Short-Description: Very Secure Ftp Daemon # Description: vsftpd is a Very Secure FTP daemon. It was written completely from # scratch ### END INIT INFO # vsftpd This shell script takes care of starting and stopping # standalone vsftpd. # # chkconfig: - 60 50 # description: Vsftpd is a ftp daemon, which is the program \ # that answers incoming ftp service requests. # processname: vsftpd # config: /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network RETVAL=0 prog="vsftpd" start() { # Start daemons. # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1 [ -x /usr/sbin/vsftpd ] || exit 1 if [ -d /etc/vsftpd ] ; then CONFS=`ls /etc/vsftpd/*.conf 2>/dev/null` [ -z "$CONFS" ] && exit 6 for i in $CONFS; do site=`basename $i .conf` echo -n $"Starting $prog for $site: " daemon /usr/sbin/vsftpd $i RETVAL=$? echo if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]; then touch /var/lock/subsys/$prog break else if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then RETVAL=0 break fi fi done else RETVAL=1 fi return $RETVAL } stop() { # Stop daemons. echo -n $"Shutting down $prog: " killproc $prog RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog return $RETVAL } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; restart|reload) stop start RETVAL=$? ;; condrestart|try-restart|force-reload) if [ -f /var/lock/subsys/$prog ]; then stop start RETVAL=$? fi ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|try-restart|force-reload|status}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL Question I What the hell is the difference between the && and || signs in the below commands, and is it just an easy way to do a simple if check or is it completely different to a if[..something..]; then ..something.. fi: # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 1 [ -x /usr/sbin/vsftpd ] || exit 1 Question II i get what -eq and -gt is (equal to, greater than) but is there a simple website that explains what -x, -d and -f are? Any help would be apreciated Running Fedora 12 on my OS. Script copied from /etc/init.d/vsftpd Question III It says required starts are $local_fs $network $named $remote_fs $syslog but i cant see any where it checks for those.

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• Should a sysadmin contractor charge overtime for off-peak hours?

  - by Jakobud

  This is not necessarily a server-related question, but more of a system admin question that I think would related to many on SF. I'm doing Sysadmin/IT consulting for a small company. I only work about 3 days a week for them on average. If a server goes down or something like that during off hours (nights, weekends, 3am, etc) and they need it fixed during those time periods, should I be charging overtime for that? I would I not be justified in charging overtime until I've logged 40 hours for the week? Perhaps calling it overtime isn't the best name. I guess maybe its better to call it an off-peak hourly rate. Anyways I just was curious what other consultants did in these circumstances.

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• SQL Maintenance Cleanup Task Working but Not Deleting

  - by Alex

  I have a Maintenance Plan that is suppose to go through the BACKUP folder and remove all .bak older than 5 days. When I run the job, it gives me a success message but older .bak files are still present. I've tried the step at the following question: SQL Maintenance Cleanup Task 'Success' But not deleting files Result is column IsDamaged = 0 I've verified with the following question and this is not my issue: Maintenance Cleanup Task(s) running 'successfully' but not deleting back up files. I've also tried deleting the Job and Maintenance Plan and recreating, but to no avail. Any ideas?

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• hardware addressing and configurable addressing scheme

  - by Zia ur Rahman

  basically i want to ask question about configurable addressing scheme for LAN interface hardware. i have read about it from a book, some main points are given by a configurable addressing scheme provides a mechanism that a customer can use to set a physical address.The mechanism can be manual (the switches that must be set when the interface is first installed).or an electronic memory such as an EPROM that can be downloded from the computer(what does this means). Most hardware needs to be configured only once- configuration is usually done when the hardware is first installed. Question:Suppose a network administrator configures the LAN interface hardware (assigns the address) when he installs it. Now later on if he needs to change the physical address of the device can he change it? Or in this addressing scheme the hardware can only be configured once and we can not reconfigure it later on.

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• Linux stretch cluster: MD replication, DRBD or Veritas?

  - by PieterB

  For the moment there's a lot of choices for setting up a Linux cluster. For cluster manager: you can use Red Hat Cluster manager, Pacemaker or Veritas Cluster Server. The first one has the most momentum, the second one comes by default with RH subscriptions and the last one is very expensive and has a very good reputation ;-) For storage: - You can replicate LUN's using software raid / md device - You can use the network using DRBD replication, which offers a bit more flexibility - You can use Veritas Storage Foundation technology to talk to your SANs replication technology. Anyone has any recommandations or experience with these technologies?

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• Remote Desktop Services In A Virtual VMWare Environment

  - by Christopher W. Szabo

  I have a quick question regarding Microsoft Remote Desktop Services in a virtualized environment using VMWare. This environment will actually be hosted in a large data center with in a cloud that is offered. This particular data center has the ability to establish high speed point to point connections with customers via metro-ethernet who are hosted in the cloud. The result is that customers can actually host their corporate domain in the data center's cloud. Put the merits of such a configuration aside for the time being. Believe me when I say that the cloud is stable and had enough hardware behind it to rival a dedicated cabinet. My question has to do with RDS in a virtual environment, which would amount to virtual desktops hosted on a virtual server. I've read that this works without issue using Hyper-V and VMWare. But before I take the plunge I wanted to get some feedback from the community.

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• SSL certificate for FTPS, is it the same as for HTTPS?

  - by BlackTigerX

  This question is about "FTP over SSL", if I understand correctly FTPS and HTTPS are just the standard FTP and HTTP protocols running on top of SSL, is this correct? The actual question is: is the certificate that you use for FTPS the exact same that you can use for HTTPS? or are there any differences? To give you some context, I need to get a certificate for an FTPS server, I know I can generate one but it needs to be from an certificate authority, I just need to make sure that I can use the same type of certificate that we use here for HTTPS, otherwise need to know what type of certificate I need to get

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• Blocking a country (mass iP Ranges), best practice for the actual block

  - by kwiksand

  Hi all, This question has obviously been asked many times in many different forms, but I can't find an actual answer to the specific plan I've got. We run a popular European Commercial deals site, and are getting a large amount of incoming registrations/traffic from countries who cannot even take part in the deals we offer (and many of the retailers aren't even known outside Western Europe). I've identified the problem area to block a lot of this traffic, but (as expected) there are thousands of ip ranges required. My question now (finally!). On a test server, I created a script to block each range within iptables, but the amount of time it took to add the rules was large, and then iptables was unresponsive after this (especially when attempting a iptables -L). What is the most efficient way of blocking large numbers of ip ranges: iptables? Or a plugin where I can preload them efficiantly? hosts.deny? .htaccess (nasty as I'd be running it in apache on every load balanced web server)? Cheers

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• Multisession burn in Imgburn

  - by blntechie

  Is Multisession burn available in Imgburn? If not, any idea whether it will be implemented in future? I almost recommended Imgburn instead of Nero or Roxio to one of my friend. He requires multisession burning and I found no options to enable it,if available in Options. Note: Please don't question the question. Like, Why would you want multisession anyway? or Isn't USB stick/RW Disk is what you need instead of a RO CD/DVD? Please keep the answers in context. I know that I can use USB sticks instead of CD/DVD and my friend require mulisession anyway. May be I can ask him to keep Nero as a backup for this purpose if Imgburn don't support this.

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• PostgresQL on Amazon EBS volume, realistic performance, or move to something more lightweight?

  - by Peck

  Hi, I'm working on a little research project, currently running as an instance on ec2, and I'm hoping to figure out whether I'm going down the right path. We, like a thousand other people, are making use of some of twitters streaming feeds to do gather some data to have fun with and my db seems to be having problems keeping up, and queries take what seems to be a very long time. I'm not a DBA by trade, so I'll just dump some info here and add more if need be. System specs: ec2 xl, 15 gigs of ram ebs: 4 100 gb drives, raid 0. The stream we're getting we're looking at around 10k inserts per minute. 3 main tables, with the users we're tracking somewhere in the neighborhood of 26M rows currently. Is this amount of inserts on this hardware too much to ask out of ebs? Should take a look at some things with less overhead like mongodb?

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• 284 GiB of data, 217.4 GiB of space

  - by Malfist

  I want to reinstall my OS, but I don't have the hard drive space to backup any more (I have a RAID 1 array, so I haven't done it for a while). In my /home I have 284.8 GiB of data, and I have a spare 250 GB (or 217.4 GiB) hard drive that I've been using for backup. What type of compression algorithm (if any) is capable of this type of compression? I don't care about the time, I have a quad core though, so something that utilizes all 4 cores would be great. I have tried 7zip with no success. Ran on one core for two days and failed because of lack of space. Any ideas?

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• Is there a command line (or autohotkey) way of dismounting a USB drive?

  - by justintime

  I find dismounting a USB drive takes far too many mouse clicks for my liking. Is there are command line way of doing it (XP and Vista)? Addition I have an eye condition that makes hand mouse coordination difficult so any suggestion that there aren't too many clicks will be downvoted as not answering my question. However I use AutoHotkey a lot and one use case would be to call it from an AHK script. So if there is a way to code it in AHK that will do. Added this to the tags. Further question - is it safe to remove a disk when the computer is a. on Standby or b. Hibernated. I recall that W2000 got uspet if you pulled a disk from a hibernated machine. Or is it better to explicitly dismount or sync before you hibernate or standby - prabably in a script.

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• Storage product testing

  - by wildchild

  hello, I know this is out of place (being an active member here i am coming for the help from seniors) ,but i need some information regarding storage testing ,testing of Raid arrays, SCSI, SAS ,SATA and also test carried out on fabric manager(Cisco MDS series switches). I am aware that this is an administrative forum and i would really appreciate if you could direct me to the correct forum ar links where i can learn things . @ moderators-Sorry for posting at the wrong place,i would be deleting this as soon as i get the help. Thanks !

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• Creating a chain of certificates

  - by StackedCrooked

  This question is a follow up to my previous question, which was, in retrospect, not completely answered: http://superuser.com/questions/126121/how-to-create-my-own-certificate-chain. I'll represent my certificate chain like this: ROOT - A - B - C - ... I am now able to create the ROOT and A certificates, but I didn't succeed in continueing the chain. My command for creating the root certificate is: openssl req -new -newkey rsa:1024 -nodes -out ca.csr -keyout ca.key openssl x509 -trustout -signkey ca.key -days 365 -req -in ca.csr -out ca.pem Certificate A: openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024 openssl req -new -key client.key -out client.csr openssl ca -in client.csr -out client.cer This command depends on the root certificate implicitly using the data found in the openssl config file. Certificate B will only rely on A, so the previous command won't work here. How can I complete the chain?

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• Is Dell's server software bundle necessary? (Poweredge 2950 in my case)

  - by bwerks

  Hi all, Dell includes a fair amount of software with its servers, but I'm having a hard time determining from the documentation what each of them does, and whether or not I should install it. Dell's support site (unless I'm doing it wrong) seems fairly opaque to me and its offerings fairly unstandardized in terms of their usage, so if possible I'd like to stray away from them. Specifically, I'm curious if any of the features offered are duplicated in something like Microsoft System Center. For additional background information, I'm working with a Poweredge 2950 that was just rebuilt with an expanded raid-6, but initially I just installed Server 2008 R2 directly instead of using the Build and Update utility. There's nothing of use on it at the moment so I'm totally open to wiping it again.

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• Network monitoring solution

  - by Hellfrost

  Hello Serverfault ! I have a big distributed system I need to monitor. Background: My system is comprised of two servers, concentrating and controlling the system. Each server is connected to a set of devices (some custom kind of RF controllers, doesnt matter to my question), each device connects to a network switch, and eventually all devices talk to the servers, the protocol between the servers and the devices is UDP, usually the packets are very small, but there are really a LOT of packets. the network is also somewhat complex, and is deployed on a large area physically. i'll have 150-300 of these devices, each generating up to 100+ packets per second, and several network switches, perhaps on 2 different subnets. Question I'm looking for some solution that will allow me to monitor all this mess, how many packets are sent, where, how do they move through the network, bandwidth utilization, throughput, stuff like that. what would you recommend to achieve this? BTW Playing nice with windows is a requirement.

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• Connection string during installation

  - by anon2009

  Hi, I've been convinced to use windows setup files(msi) for the installation of my new windows forms application after I asked a question here and got some excellent answers (thank you all): http://serverfault.com/questions/97039/net-application-deployment Now i have a different question: My application will need to access a SQL Server to provide users with data, which means that the connection string must be stored in the client's app.config file. How should I handle this? During installation, the user enters the connection string to that database? How they get the connection string? In an email from the admin? What if the admin wants to use SQL authentication and need to put the user info at the connection string? So you know, the app will be sold via the internet, so I don't have any access to the admins or the network. Any suggestions? Thanks in advanced.

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