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  • What are some great resources about programming contemporary GUIs and GUI architecture patterns?

    - by snitko
    So I've read Martin Fowler's old blog post http://martinfowler.com/eaaDev/uiArchs.html which describes various approaches to building GUI from an architecture point of view, discussing patterns and how they were used. But this blog post was written in 2006. Since then, there must have been some new ideas in the field? I was curious whether anyone knows about a similar guide to GUI architectures, but describing contemporary systems? The reason I'm interested in something abstract and theoretical to read is because it really is difficult and time consuming to ACTUALLY learn how ALL of the contemporary frameworks work, given their diversity and the diversity of the languages they are written in. I am primarily a web developer, so I'm familiar with Rails and some Javascript frameworks. But I would also like to know how GUI is built on Android or in Cocoa or in Windows, but without having to learn all of those things.

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  • Unable to create dynamic web application in IIS7 and above

    - by Dhwani
    Not able to view application in IIS after successfully calling below method: ServerManager serverMgr = new ServerManager(); Configuration config = serverMgr.GetApplicationHostConfiguration(); ConfigurationSection isapiCgiRestrictionSection = config.GetSection("system.webServer/security/isapiCgiRestriction"); ConfigurationElementCollection isapiCgiRestrictionCollection = isapiCgiRestrictionSection.GetCollection(); //ConfigurationElement addElement = isapiCgiRestrictionCollection.CreateElement("add"); //addElement["path"] = @"C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\"; //addElement["allowed"] = true; //addElement["groupId"] = @"ContosoGroup"; //addElement["description"] = @"Contoso Extension"; //isapiCgiRestrictionCollection.Add(addElement); //serverMgr.CommitChanges(); Site defaultSite = serverMgr.Sites["PharmaConnect"]; defaultSite.Applications.Add("/blogs3", @"C:\inetpub\wwwroot\blogs1"); serverMgr.CommitChanges(); I don't know how to create dynamically sub domain though c# code. We just tried to implement above. But unable to view application/virtual directory in iis. I have tried this, but didn't get success.

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  • Package operation failed when updating 12.04

    - by Gausstein
    Whenever I try to update 12.04, I get the "Package Operation Failed" message. I haven't been able to update my system. In the "Details" section it says: installArchives() failed: Extracting templates from packages: 30%% Extracting templates from packages: 61%% Extracting templates from packages: 91%% Extracting templates from packages: 100%% Preconfiguring packages ... Extracting templates from packages: 30%% Extracting templates from packages: 61%% Extracting templates from packages: 91%% Extracting templates from packages: 100%% Preconfiguring packages ... Extracting templates from packages: 30%% Extracting templates from packages: 61%% Extracting templates from packages: 91%% Extracting templates from packages: 100%% Preconfiguring packages ... Extracting templates from packages: 30%% Extracting templates from packages: 61%% Extracting templates from packages: 91%% Extracting templates from packages: 100%% Preconfiguring packages ... dpkg: error: parsing file '/var/lib/dpkg/available' near line 42150 package 'x11-apps': blank line in value of field 'Description' Error in function:

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  • The first Oracle Solaris 11 book is now available

    - by user12608550
    The first Oracle Solaris 11 book is now available: Oracle Solaris 11 System Administration - The Complete Reference by Michael Jang, Harry Foxwell, Christine Tran, and Alan Formy-Duval The book covers the Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 release; although the next OS release will be available soon, the book covers major topics and features that are not expected to change significantly. The target audience is broad, and includes Solaris admins, Linux admins and developers, and even those somewhat unfamiliar with UNIX. The coauthors include practitioners and developers from outside of Oracle, emphasizing their field experience using Solaris 11. The book complements the extensive Oracle Solaris 11 Information Library, and covers the main system administration topics of installation, configuration, and management. More Oracle Solaris 11 info here

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  • Refresh bounded taskflows across regions using Contextual Events

    - by raghu.yadav
    Usecases: 1) Data Change in left region inputText field reflect changes in right region using contextual event. example by Frank Nimphius :Value change event refresh across regions using Contextual Events 2) Select Tree node in left region reflects dependent detail form in right region using dynamic regions and Contextual Events. example by Frank Nimphius:Example6-RangeCtx.unzip More related examples: http://thepeninsulasedge.com/frank_nimphius/2008/02/07/adf-faces-rc-refreshing-a-table-ui-from-a-contextual-event/ http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/jdev/tips/fnimphius/generictreeselectionlistener/index.html http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/jdev/tips/fnimphius/syncheditformwithtree/index.html http://biemond.blogspot.com/2009/01/passing-adf-events-between-task-flow.html http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/jdev/tips/fnimphius/opentaskflowintab/index.html http://lucbors.blogspot.com/2010/03/adf-11g-contextual-event-framework.html http://thepeninsulasedge.com/blog/?cat=2 http://www.ora600.be/news/adf-contextual-events-11g-r1-ps1

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  • Lego Sport Champions: Soccer – An 80s Style LEGO Video

    - by Asian Angel
    Are you a fan of LEGO and soccer? Then watch as these two teams use some fancy LEGO footwork to try and win the championship game in this nicely done retro-look video. Wait!! Is that player building a brick wall?? Lego Sport Champions: Soccer [YouTube] Latest Features How-To Geek ETC Have You Ever Wondered How Your Operating System Got Its Name? Should You Delete Windows 7 Service Pack Backup Files to Save Space? What Can Super Mario Teach Us About Graphics Technology? Windows 7 Service Pack 1 is Released: But Should You Install It? How To Make Hundreds of Complex Photo Edits in Seconds With Photoshop Actions How to Enable User-Specific Wireless Networks in Windows 7 Lego Sport Champions: Soccer – An 80s Style LEGO Video Access the Options for Your Favorite Extensions Easier in Firefox Don’t Sleep Keeps Your Windows Machine Awake DropSpace Syncs Android Files to Dropbox Field of Poppies Wallpaper The History Of Operating Systems [Infographic]

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  • UKOUG Application Server & Middleware SIG Meeting

    - by JuergenKress
    Date: Wednesday 10th Oct 2012 Time: 09:00 - 16:00 Location: Reading Venue: Oracle, Thames Valley Park, Reading Agenda: 09:00 Registration and Coffee 10:00 Welcome Application Server & Middleware Committee 10:10 Oracle Support Updates Nick Pounder, Oracle Customer Services 10:30 OpenWorld 2012 - News Round-up for Middleware Admins Simon Haslam, Veriton Limited 11:00 Coffee break 11:20 Oracle Single-Sign on to Oracle Access Manager Migration Rob Otto, Oracle Consulting Services UK 12:05 Supporting Fusion Middleware through First Failure Capture (theory) Greg Cook, Oracle 12:50 Lunch and Network 13:35 Deputy Chair Elections UKOUG 13:45 Supporting Fusion Middleware through First Failure Capture (demos) Greg Cook, Oracle 14:15 Networking session including tea/coffee 14:45 Real Life WebLogic Performance Tuning: Tales and Techniques from the Field Steve Millidge, C2B2 Consulting Limited 15:30 WLST: WebLogic's Swiss Army Knife Simon Haslam, Veriton Limited 15:45 AOB and Close For details please visit the registration page. WebLogic Partner Community For regular information become a member in the WebLogic Partner Community please visit: http://www.oracle.com/partners/goto/wls-emea ( OPN account required). If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. BlogTwitterLinkedInMixForumWiki Technorati Tags: UK user group,Simon Haslam,WebLogic Community,Oracle,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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  • SharePoint 2010 Hosting :: How to Customize SharePoint 2010 Global Navigation

    - by mbridge
    Requirements - SharePoint Foundation or SharePoint Server 2010 site - SharePoint Designer 2010 Steps 1. The first step in my process was to download from codeplex a starter masterpage http://startermasterpages.codeplex.com/ . 2. Once you downloaded the starter master page, open up your SharePoint site in SharePoint Designer 2010 and on the left in the “Site Objects “ area click on the folder “All Files” and drill down to catalogs >> masterpages . Once you are in the Masterpage folder copy and paste the _starter.master into this folder. 3. The first step in the customization process is to create your custom style sheet. To create your custom style sheet, click on the “all Files” folder and click on “Style Library.” Right click in the style library section and choose Style sheet. Once the style sheet is created, rename it style.css. Now open the style sheet you created in SharePoint Designer. 4. In this next step you will copy and paste the SharePoint core styles for the global navigation into your custom style sheet. Copy and paste the css below into the style sheet and save file .s4-tn{ padding:0px; margin:0px; } .s4-tn ul.static{ white-space:nowrap; } .s4-tn li.static > .menu-item{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2")] */ color:#3b4f65; white-space:nowrap; border:1px solid transparent; padding:4px 10px; display:inline-block; height:15px; vertical-align:middle; } .s4-tn ul.dynamic{ /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light2")] */ background-color:white; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Dark2-Lighter")] */ border:1px solid #D9D9D9; } .s4-tn li.dynamic > .menu-item{ display:block; padding:3px 10px; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; } .s4-tn li.dynamic > a:hover{ font-weight:normal; /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Light2-Lighter")] */ background-color:#D9D9D9; } .s4-tn li.static > a:hover { /* [ReplaceColor(themeColor:"Accent1")] */ color:#44aff6; text-decoration:underline; } 5. Once you created the style sheet, go back to the masterpage folder and open the _starter.master file and in the Customization category click edit file. 6. Next, when the edit file opens make sure you view it in split view. Now you are going to search for the reference to our custom masterpage in the code. Make sure you are scrolled to the top in the code section and press “ctrl f” on the key board. This will pop up the find and replace tool. In the” find what field”, copy and paste and then click find next. 7. Now, in the code replace You have now referenced your custom style sheet in your masterpage. 8. The next step is to locate your Global Navigation control, make sure you are scrolled to the top in the code section and press “ctrl f” on the key board. This will pop up the find and replace tool. In the” find what field”, copy and paste ID="TopNavigationMenuV4” and then click find next. Once you find ID="TopNavigationMenuV4” , you should see the following block of code which is the global navigation control: ID="TopNavigationMenuV4" Runat="server" EnableViewState="false" DataSourceID="topSiteMap" AccessKey="" UseSimpleRendering="true" UseSeparateCss="false" Orientation="Horizontal" StaticDisplayLevels="1" MaximumDynamicDisplayLevels="1" SkipLinkText="" CssClass="s4-tn" 9. In the global navigation code above you should see CssClass="s4-tn" . As an additional step you can replace "s4-tn" your own custom name like CssClass="MyNav" . If you can the name of the CSS class make sure you update your custom style sheet with the new name, example below: .MyNav{ padding:0px; margin:0px; } .MyNav ul.static{ white-space:nowrap; } 10. At this point you are ready to brand your global navigation. The next step is to modify your style.css with your customizations to the default SharePoint styles. Have fun styling and make sure you save your work often. Hope it helps!!

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  • How to get the mic on the Creative X-Mod soundcard working correctly?

    - by Nyamiou The Galeanthrope
    Well, I have this problem for a while now. When my computer start the mic seem to work but it's like it's muted. I have to go to a terminal and type alsamixer -c 1 and then I set up PCM Capture Source on Line and set up it back to Mic to get the mic actually working. Is there is a way to do this automatically or to solve the problem. I use a special workaround on this card because of the bug #429642. My workaround is having this at the end of my /usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/profile-sets/default.conf : [Mapping xmod-stereo-out] device-strings = surround51:%f description = Analog Stereo Creative Xmod channel-map = front-left,front-right paths-output = analog-output analog-output-headphones analog-output-mono analog-output-lfe-on-mono paths-input = analog-input analog-input-mic analog-input-linein analog-input-aux analog-input-video analog-input-tvtuner analog-input-fm analog-input-mic-line priority = 10 Maybe the bug come from here, maybe I have to change something. Thank you for any help.

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  • How to get sound on macbook pro 4,1

    - by Thomas
    I have just installed Xubuntu 12.04.2. My soundcard is detected: thomas@thomas-pc:~$ sudo aplay -l **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** Home directory /home/thomas not ours. card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: ALC889A Analog [ALC889A Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 1: ALC889A Digital [ALC889A Digital] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 Everything is put to max in alsamixer and nothing is muted (all the sliders are on OO. My speakers do not work, but when I plug in a headphone I hear it very soft. When I connect my stereo and put the sound VERY loud (3-blocks-of-complaining-neighbours loud) I hear it on a normal level but crackling. I added options snd-hda-intel model=mbp5 amixer set IEC958 off to at the end of /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf. When it's still not working I tried everything here: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshooting 1 >>> list-sinks 1 sink(s) available. * index: 0 name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo> driver: <module-alsa-card.c> flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY state: SUSPENDED suspend cause: IDLE priority: 9959 volume: 0: 100% 1: 100% 0: 0.00 dB 1: 0.00 dB balance 0.00 base volume: 100% 0.00 dB volume steps: 65537 muted: no current latency: 0.00 ms max request: 0 KiB max rewind: 0 KiB monitor source: 0 sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz channel map: front-left,front-right Stereo used by: 0 linked by: 0 configured latency: 0.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 371.52 ms card: 0 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0> module: 4 properties: alsa.resolution_bits = "16" device.api = "alsa" device.class = "sound" alsa.class = "generic" alsa.subclass = "generic-mix" alsa.name = "ALC889A Analog" alsa.id = "ALC889A Analog" alsa.subdevice = "0" alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0" alsa.device = "0" alsa.card = "0" alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel" alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel at 0x9b500000 irq 46" alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel" device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0" sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0" device.bus = "pci" device.vendor.id = "8086" device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation" device.product.name = "82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller" device.form_factor = "internal" device.string = "front:0" device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536" device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768" device.access_mode = "mmap+timer" device.profile.name = "analog-stereo" device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo" device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo" alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC889A" alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0885,106b3a00,00100103" module-udev-detect.discovered = "1" device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci" ports: analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, available: unknown) properties: analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, available: no) properties: active port: <analog-output-speaker> 2 and 3: Doesn't seem an permission issue, the sound is very far away (See opening paragraph). 4 thomas@thomas-pc:~$ sudo aplay -l **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** Home directory /home/thomas not ours. card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: ALC889A Analog [ALC889A Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 1: ALC889A Digital [ALC889A Digital] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 5 thomas@thomas-pc:~$ find /lib/modules/`uname -r` | grep snd /lib/modules/3.2.0-48-generic/kernel/sound/core/snd-hwdep.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-48-generic/kernel/sound/core/snd-pcm.ko [.. huge lists continues ..] /lib/modules/3.2.0-48-generic/kernel/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/snd-pdaudiocf.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-48-generic/kernel/sound/pcmcia/vx/snd-vxpocket.ko thomas@thomas-pc:~$ 6 thomas@thomas-pc:~$ lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio" 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 03) Subsystem: Apple Inc. Device 00a4 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 46 Memory at 9b500000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: <access denied> Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel 7 I guess it's supported. Linux mint and Xubuntu 13.04 had no trouble with sounds. Everything worked out of the box Thanks in advance Edit: alsa-info.sh output: WARNING: /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf line 45: ignoring bad line starting with 'amixer' ALSA Information Script v 0.4.62 -------------------------------- This script visits the following commands/files to collect diagnostic information about your ALSA installation and sound related hardware. dmesg lspci lsmod aplay amixer alsactl /proc/asound/ /sys/class/sound/ ~/.asoundrc (etc.) See './alsa-info.sh --help' for command line options. WARNING: /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf line 45: ignoring bad line starting with 'amixer' Automatically upload ALSA information to www.alsa-project.org? [y/N] : y Uploading information to www.alsa-project.org ... Done! Your ALSA information is located at http://www.alsa-project.org/db/?f=6cffc584284d4c0b266eb53249824ef83d6c4e3e Please inform the person helping you. thomas@thomas-pc:~$

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  • How do I install MATLAB R2012a?

    - by Mehdi
    I have downloaded MATLAB R2012a for Unix platform and i want to install it on my ubuntu 11.10. To install i try this command: /<matlab_installation_file_directory>/install and it says: install: missing file operand According to it's manual i must give it an input file, So i create an input file like this to install in 'Stand Alone' mode: destinationFolder=usr/local/R2012a fileInstallationKey=xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx-xxxxx agreeToLicense=yes outputFile=/tmp/mathworks_usr.log mode=interactive activationPropertiesFile=home/.../lic_standalone.dat Acctually i'm not sure in "activationPropertiesFile" field what file is required, so i supposed it requires license file. I saved this file as txt format in the same directory which installation files are. Then i tried this command: install -inputFile my_input_file.txt and it gets this error: install: invalid option -- 'i' I know there is some helps in other websites and also some questions here about this topic, but i can't figure out what's the problem, Please help me, i'm a real noob on linux . Thank you guys

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  • Join the Visual Studio diagnostics team

    - by Daniel Moth
    I have a Program Manager position open on the Visual Studio diagnostics team which owns the debugger, the profiler tools, and IntelliTrace. If you have never worked for Microsoft you may be wondering if the PM position at Microsoft is for you. Read the job description to see what the role entails and to see if you are a fit. I’ll preempt the usual question and say that this is a Redmond-based position. Beyond that, if you are interested in what you read and you think you have what it takes, then email me. http://www.microsoft-careers.com/job/Redmond-Program-Manager-2-Job-WA-98052/2321458/ Comments about this post by Daniel Moth welcome at the original blog.

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  • GitHub Integration in Windows Azure Web Site

    - by Shaun
    Microsoft had just announced an update for Windows Azure Web Site (a.k.a. WAWS). There are four major features added in WAWS which are free scaling mode, GitHub integration, custom domain and multi branches. Since I ‘m working in Node.js and I would like to have my code in GitHub and deployed automatically to my Windows Azure Web Site once I sync my code, this feature is a big good news to me.   It’s very simple to establish the GitHub integration in WAWS. First we need a clean WAWS. In its dashboard page click “Set up Git publishing”. Currently WAWS doesn’t support to change the publish setting. So if you have an existing WAWS which published by TFS or local Git then you have to create a new WAWS and set the Git publishing. Then in the deployment page we can see now WAWS supports three Git publishing modes: - Push my local files to Windows Azure: In this mode we will create a new Git repository on local machine and commit, publish our code to Windows Azure through Git command or some GUI. - Deploy from my GitHub project: In this mode we will have a Git repository created on GitHub. Once we publish our code to GitHub Windows Azure will download the code and trigger a new deployment. - Deploy from my CodePlex project: Similar as the previous one but our code would be in CodePlex repository.   Now let’s back to GitHub and create a new publish repository. Currently WAWS GitHub integration only support for public repositories. The private repositories support will be available in several weeks. We can manage our repositories in GitHub website. But as a windows geek I prefer the GUI tool. So I opened the GitHub for Windows, login with my GitHub account and select the “github” category, click the “add” button to create a new repository on GitHub. You can download the GitHub for Windows here. I specified the repository name, description, local repository, do not check the “Keep this code private”. After few seconds it will create a new repository on GitHub and associate it to my local machine in that folder. We can find this new repository in GitHub website. And in GitHub for Windows we can also find the local repository by selecting the “local” category.   Next, we need to associate this repository with our WAWS. Back to windows developer portal, open the “Deploy from my GitHub project” in the deployment page and click the “Authorize Windows Azure” link. It will bring up a new windows on GitHub which let me allow the Windows Azure application can access your repositories. After we clicked “Allow”, windows azure will retrieve all my GitHub public repositories and let me select which one I want to integrate to this WAWS. I selected the one I had just created in GitHub for Windows. So that’s all. We had completed the GitHub integration configuration. Now let’s have a try. In GitHub for Windows, right click on this local repository and click “open in explorer”. Then I added a simple HTML file. 1: <html> 2: <head> 3: </head> 4: <body> 5: <h1> 6: I came from GitHub, WOW! 7: </h1> 8: </body> 9: </html> Save it and back to GitHub for Windows, commit this change and publish. This will upload our changes to GitHub, and Windows Azure will detect this update and trigger a new deployment. If we went back to azure developer portal we can find the new deployment. And our commit message will be shown as the deployment description as well. And here is the page deployed to WAWS.   Hope this helps, Shaun All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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  • C# 4.0: Covariance And Contravariance In Generics

    - by Paulo Morgado
    C# 4.0 (and .NET 4.0) introduced covariance and contravariance to generic interfaces and delegates. But what is this variance thing? According to Wikipedia, in multilinear algebra and tensor analysis, covariance and contravariance describe how the quantitative description of certain geometrical or physical entities changes when passing from one coordinate system to another.(*) But what does this have to do with C# or .NET? In type theory, a the type T is greater (>) than type S if S is a subtype (derives from) T, which means that there is a quantitative description for types in a type hierarchy. So, how does covariance and contravariance apply to C# (and .NET) generic types? In C# (and .NET), variance applies to generic type parameters and not to the resulting generic type. A generic type parameter is: covariant if the ordering of the generic types follows the ordering of the generic type parameters: Generic<T> = Generic<S> for T = S. contravariant if the ordering of the generic types is reversed from the ordering of the generic type parameters: Generic<T> = Generic<S> for T = S. invariant if neither of the above apply. If this definition is applied to arrays, we can see that arrays have always been covariant because this is valid code: object[] objectArray = new string[] { "string 1", "string 2" }; objectArray[0] = "string 3"; objectArray[1] = new object(); However, when we try to run this code, the second assignment will throw an ArrayTypeMismatchException. Although the compiler was fooled into thinking this was valid code because an object is being assigned to an element of an array of object, at run time, there is always a type check to guarantee that the runtime type of the definition of the elements of the array is greater or equal to the instance being assigned to the element. In the above example, because the runtime type of the array is array of string, the first assignment of array elements is valid because string = string and the second is invalid because string = object. This leads to the conclusion that, although arrays have always been covariant, they are not safely covariant – code that compiles is not guaranteed to run without errors. In C#, the way to define that a generic type parameter as covariant is using the out generic modifier: public interface IEnumerable<out T> { IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator(); } public interface IEnumerator<out T> { T Current { get; } bool MoveNext(); } Notice the convenient use the pre-existing out keyword. Besides the benefit of not having to remember a new hypothetic covariant keyword, out is easier to remember because it defines that the generic type parameter can only appear in output positions — read-only properties and method return values. In a similar way, the way to define a type parameter as contravariant is using the in generic modifier: public interface IComparer<in T> { int Compare(T x, T y); } Once again, the use of the pre-existing in keyword makes it easier to remember that the generic type parameter can only be used in input positions — write-only properties and method non ref and non out parameters. Because covariance and contravariance apply only to the generic type parameters, a generic type definition can have both covariant and contravariant generic type parameters in its definition: public delegate TResult Func<in T, out TResult>(T arg); A generic type parameter that is not marked covariant (out) or contravariant (in) is invariant. All the types in the .NET Framework where variance could be applied to its generic type parameters have been modified to take advantage of this new feature. In summary, the rules for variance in C# (and .NET) are: Variance in type parameters are restricted to generic interface and generic delegate types. A generic interface or generic delegate type can have both covariant and contravariant type parameters. Variance applies only to reference types; if you specify a value type for a variant type parameter, that type parameter is invariant for the resulting constructed type. Variance does not apply to delegate combination. That is, given two delegates of types Action<Derived> and Action<Base>, you cannot combine the second delegate with the first although the result would be type safe. Variance allows the second delegate to be assigned to a variable of type Action<Derived>, but delegates can combine only if their types match exactly. If you want to learn more about variance in C# (and .NET), you can always read: Covariance and Contravariance in Generics — MSDN Library Exact rules for variance validity — Eric Lippert Events get a little overhaul in C# 4, Afterward: Effective Events — Chris Burrows Note: Because variance is a feature of .NET 4.0 and not only of C# 4.0, all this also applies to Visual Basic 10.

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  • how non-programmer become developer

    - by Sarang
    Every year there are different types of freshers getting recruited. But, our IT field is not only limited to IT Engineers & Computer Engineers. It is full of all different types of engineers. What is a way an engineer can be a proper developer ? I am asking this because, whatever engineering the student gone for, one can be shifted to IT development if he/she has some particular qualities within. What are those quelities required to be in a developer or required to be implemented to be developer ?

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  • How one does qualify as a Web UI Developer?

    - by Duralumin
    I have about 20 years of experience with programming, most of that on the job, and right now, I define myself as a Web Developer, because I think about half my expertise lies in the all too extended "web" field, both server side and client side, and because in the last years I'm mostly doing web development. I know my javascript, jQuery, jQueryUI, HTML4-5, css2-3 and some frameworks like backbone.js and angularJS Since university I've always been interested in Man-Machine Interaction, UI and UX. Recently, I saw the label "Web UI Developer" tossed around, and I thought that would be something I would like to qualify for. And I'd really like to qualify with confidence. I didn't find any certificate or similar, and I don't think there are any. Is the only way to qualify as a Web UI Developer having a job as one? What are the skills I need to have, and the resources I can use to acquire them?

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  • New Exadata Book Available Soon

    - by Rob Reynolds
    Oracle Press is set to released the first book on data warehouse performance and Exadata on March 14th. Achieving Extreme Performance with Oracle Exadata , by my colleagues Rick Greenwald, Robert Stackowiak, Maqsood Alam, and Mans Bhuller will be available at your favorite booksellers next week. I've seen a sneak peak of the content in this book and its a great way to fully grasp the power of Exadata and how to best apply it to achieve extreme data warehouse performance. From the publisher's description: Achieving Extreme Performance with Oracle Exadata and the Sun Oracle Database Machine is filled with best practices for deployments, hardware sizing, architecting the database machine environments for maximum availability, and backup and recovery. Oracle Database 11gR2 features used within these offerings, as well as migration options and paths for Oracle and non-Oracle databases to Oracle Exadata are covered. This Oracle Press guide also discusses architecture, administration, maintenance, monitoring, and tuning of Oracle Exadata Storage Servers and the Sun Oracle Database Machine. If your company is considering Exadata, or if you need more horsepower out of your data warehouse, I highly recommend grabbing a copy of this book next week.

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  • Billboard shader without distortion

    - by Nick Wiggill
    I use the standard approach to billboarding within Unity that is OK, but not ideal: transform.LookAt(camera). The problem is that this introduces distortion toward the edges of the viewport, especially as the field of view angle grows larger. This is unlike the perfect billboarding you'd see in eg. Doom when seeing an enemy from any angle and irrespective of where they are located in screen space. Obviously, there are ways to blit an image directly to the viewport, centred around a single vertex, but I'm not hot on shaders. Does anyone have any samples of this approach (GLSL if possible), or any suggestions as to why it isn't typically done this way (vs. the aforementioned quad transformation method)? EDIT: I was confused, thanks Nathan for the heads up. Of course, Causing the quads to look at the camera does not cause them to be parallel to the view plane -- which is what I need.

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  • HTG Explains: What’s the Difference Between CC and BCC When Sending an Email?

    - by Chris Hoffman
    The CC and BCC fields when sending email work similarly. CC stands for “carbon copy,” while BCC stands for “blind carbon copy.” While these terms may have been immediately obvious when email was invented, they’re antiquated today. CC and BCC are both ways of sending copies of an email to additional people. However, you can also send copies of an email to additional people by specifying multiple addresses in the To field. How To Play DVDs on Windows 8 6 Start Menu Replacements for Windows 8 What Is the Purpose of the “Do Not Cover This Hole” Hole on Hard Drives?

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  • Can't get wireless on macbook pro 8,2

    - by Jeff
    I'm a linux Newb, and I have tried several of the fixes listed to try and get my wifi drivers to work, but to no avail. Does anyone here know why this isn't working for me, or better yet, how to fix it? Under lspci -vvv I get the following output: 03:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4331 802.11a/b/g/n (rev 02) Subsystem: Apple Inc. AirPort Extreme Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx- Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast TAbort- SERR- Kernel modules: bcma With sudo lshw -class network I get this output: *-network UNCLAIMED description: Network controller product: BCM4331 802.11a/b/g/n vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0 version: 02 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:b0600000-b0603fff Any help would be greatly appreciated!

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  • How to name a bug?

    - by Pieter
    Bugs usually receive a descriptive name: "That X-Y synchronization issue", "That crash after actions A, B and D but not C", "Yesterday's update problem". Even the JIRA issue tracker has a field "Summary" instead of "Name". In discussing "big" bugs, I actually use JIRA id's to prevent confusion. There's a few restrictions to take into account: When reporting a bug, only the consequence of a bug is known. The root cause might never even be found. Several reported bugs might be found out to be duplicates, or might be completely different consequences of the same bug. In large projects, bugs will come at you by the dozens every month. Now, how would you name a bug? Name them like hurricanes perhaps?

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  • Multi-Device Development in Visual Studio

    - by Daniel Moth
    You've read on Soma's blog post that Microsoft is broadening Visual Studio's reach to other platforms (including for example Android)…  specifically this is what Soma wrote: "With bring-your-own-device trends in the enterprise, and heterogeneity in the consumer mobile device market, developers are increasingly focused on building apps that can target a variety of devices. We are committed to enabling developers to build apps for this heterogeneous, mobile-first world with Visual Studio for the technology of your choice - whether .NET, C++ or JavaScript." If you live in Washington state in the USA (or are willing to relocate here) I am looking for a Program Manager to help with this effort – read the rest of the job description here which is also where you can apply for the position (or email me). Comments about this post by Daniel Moth welcome at the original blog.

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  • Renoise and dssi and jack

    - by Bojan
    This may be a little complicated, but, is jack a necessity? I mean, i use renoise, and, since i dont have the need for low latencies, do i really need to use it? My basic setup ( or workflow ) is that i use csound to render stuff to wav, then import it as a sample in renoise. That goes with field recordings, my own samples, etc. So, i dont need ultra low latencies, and i dont need to patch "cords", but i want to use dssi plugins, and dssi-vst. What would be something of a minimum requirements of apps that should work. Can renoise load dssi-vst plugins by itself or do i need to use jack to patch thru or something third, i tried to read lot of articles but i got lost in the different setups...

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  • Drawing territories border in 2d map

    - by Gabriel A. Zorrilla
    I'm programming a little web strategy game. In the country map I pretend to display each country with a national color. The issue is how to render the borders in a simple and efficient way. Right now I'm planning to set a field to each tile called "border" with values from 0 to 8. The algorithm would check for EVERY tile is its adjacent has a different "owner". If the tile is inside the territory, the border value would be 0, because would not have adjacent any tile with different owner, if not, would vary between 1 (north) clockwise to 9 (north-west) and then draw the border. I find this simple but too processor-intensive. Are there any other "pro" choices to render territories borders?

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  • New Wordpress posts generate 404 error.

    - by Steve
    I had a working installation of WordPress, and I recently encountered an issue where when I tried to login to the back-end, the browser would redirect to the login URL of the previous domain WordPress was installed on. I fixed this by reinstalling WordPress, and I can now login to the backend, but any new posts I make, or old posts I have generate 404 errors. Additionally, if I try to navigate to any category page, I again receive a 404 error. I have looked at the wp_posts table of my database, and the GUID field each contains the correct domain name and URL structure. What should I be checking here? Site in question.

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