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• Castle Windsor: Inject NameValueCollection vs. Dictionary

  - by Aren B

  I've already done many configs where dictionaries are passed into services in the <parameters> block. But what I find myself needing right now is to build a NameValueCollection (allowing multiple entries with the same key) or a Collection of KeyValuePair objects. The reason for this is im not using this dictionary to look up b when given a, im basically using it to pass in a Tuple (pair) of (a,b) to be used later in code. Im kind of new to castle windor and I was wondering how i would go about making a List of KeyValuePair's injected, or a NameValueCollection injected.

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• Structuremap Stackoverflow Exception

  - by Jason Young

  I keep getting a stackoverflow exception when I call "GetInstance" (the last line). All, yes ALL of my types implement ITracker. MultiTracker has a constructor with a single parameter, which is an array of ITracker's. It seems like StructureMap is ignoring the fact that I told it that MultiTracker is the default class I want when requesting the type ITracker. I just can't get it to work. Any thoughts? Container = new Container(x => { //Multitracker takes ITracker[] in its constructor x.ForRequestedType<MultiTracker>().TheDefault.Is.OfConcreteType<MultiTracker>().TheArrayOf<ITracker>().Contains(z => { z.OfConcreteType<ConcreteType1>(); //ConcreteType1 : ITracker z.OfConcreteType<ConcreteType2>(); //ConcreteType2 : ITracker }); x.ForRequestedType<ITracker>().TheDefault.Is.OfConcreteType<MultiTracker>(); }); //Run a test - this explodes Container.GetInstance<ITracker>();

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• Autofac in web applications, where should I store the container for easy access

  - by michielvoo

  I'm still pretty new to using Autofac and one thing I miss in the documentation and examples is how to make it easy to get to the configured container from different places in a web application. I know I can use the Autofac controller factory to automatically resolve constructor injected dependencies for controllers, but how about the other stuff you might need to resolve that is not injected yet. Is there an obvious pattern I am not aware of for this? Thank you!

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• IoC, AOP and more

  - by JMSA

  What is an IoC container? What is an IoC/DI framework? Why do we need a framework for IoC/DI? Is there any relationship between IoC/DI and AOP? What is Spring.net/ninject with respect to IoC and AOP?

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• Which single IoC/DI container would you recommend using and why?

  - by Rob G

  I'm asking this question because it's a good way to gauge how the community at large feels about the various containers/frameworks and why. Also, whilst my expertise may lie in .Net development, I am very interested in which frameworks are popular (and why) in other languages. If I feel the need to start digging into Java for instance, then I'd like to hit the ground running with good (comfortable) knowledge that I'm starting in the right direction. Does Ruby even need one with all its magnificent dynamicism? I have my own opinions on the .Net front, and will probably add my own personal favourite in an answer below, but I'm interested in all languages and opinions here. With all that in mind, could you please state only one IoC/DI framework that you use and recommend with the language of choice (Java/Ruby/.Net/Smalltalk etc.) and your reasoning for your choice, and if someone has already answered your particular flavour, then you can just vote it up and add comments to it so that anyone looking for advice in future and see which frameworks are more than likely to work for them once they read your reasoning. I'm hoping that over time, the best ones will bubble up to the top. I realise that this question doesn't have only one correct answer, so I won't be choosing one - the community will decide which framework gets the most votes and why. Of course, if you really feel strongly opposed to a particular brand, you could take the reputation hit and vote it down too, and this question can serve as a true wiki-style entry for research into this field. Remember, only one IoC per answer you write please - if you feel the need to promote two frameworks, then write two answers with your reasoning inside for each choice - then others in the community can agree or disagree with you.

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• Unit test complex classes with many private methods

  - by Simon G

  Hi, I've got a class with one public method and many private methods which are run depending on what parameter are passed to the public method so my code looks something like: public class SomeComplexClass { IRepository _repository; public SomeComplexClass() this(new Repository()) { } public SomeComplexClass(IRepository repository) { _repository = repository; } public List<int> SomeComplexCalcualation(int option) { var list = new List<int>(); if (option == 1) list = CalculateOptionOne(); else if (option == 2) list = CalculateOptionTwo(); else if (option == 3) list = CalculateOptionThree(); else if (option == 4) list = CalculateOptionFour(); else if (option == 5) list = CalculateOptionFive(); return list; } private List<int> CalculateOptionOne() { // Some calculation } private List<int> CalculateOptionTwo() { // Some calculation } private List<int> CalculateOptionThree() { // Some calculation } private List<int> CalculateOptionFour() { // Some calculation } private List<int> CalculateOptionFive() { // Some calculation } } I've thought of a few ways to test this class but all of them seem overly complex or expose the methods more than I would like. The options so far are: Set all the private methods to internal and use [assembly: InternalsVisibleTo()] Separate out all the private methods into a separate class and create an interface. Make all the methods virtual and in my tests create a new class that inherits from this class and override the methods. Are there any other options for testing the above class that would be better that what I've listed? If you would pick one of the ones I've listed can you explain why? Thanks

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• [StructureMap] Xml configuration or Configuration through code?

  - by Amith George

  I personally like the option to configure StructureMap from C# code. From what I understand, one of the advantages of DI, is that we can easily swap in a new concrete instance. But, if the configuration is defined in code, then the concrete instances are hardcoded in the dll. So, practically, its as good as having hard coded the dependencies, right? I know, during testing it makes life easier... My point is, wouldnt it be better to use xml configuration instead? you want to plugin a new concrete instance? simply have your installer overwrite the structuremap.config file with the new one. So, what is the preferred way to configure StructureMap? Extra: Am forced to use C# configuration for the time being because I dont know how to pass the connection string to instance. I can write the connectionstring in the config file, but i would like to reuse the connectionstring defined in app.config.

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• which scope should a DAO typically have.

  - by Andreas Petersson

  its out of question that a dao will not hold any state. however, for easiest access to the class, is it better to use prototype( = new every time) or singleton? simple object creation is cheap for dao's.. it typically only holds a sessionfactory, accessing the object from a list of singletons may be equally expensive. clarfication: the focus of this question is, if there is a common convention to the scoping of daos.

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• NHibernate Session DI from StructureMap in components

  - by Corey Coogan

  I know this is somewhat of a dead horse, but I'm not finding a satisfactory answer. First let me say, I am NOT dealing with a web app, otherwise managing NH Session is quite simple. I have a bunch of enterprise components. Those components have their own service layer that will act on multiple repositories. For example: Claim Component Claim Processing Service Claim Repository Billing Component Billing Service Billing REpository Policy Component PolicyLockService Policy Repository Now I may have a console, or windows application that needs to coordinate an operation that involves each of the services. I want to write the services to be injected with (DI) their required repositories. The Repositories should have an ISession, or similar, injected into them so that I can have this operation performed under one ISession/ITransaction. I'm aware of the Unit Of Work pattern and the many samples out there, but none of them showed DI. I'm also leery of [ThreadStatic] because this stuff can also be used from WCF and I have found enough posts describing how to do that. I've read about Business Conversations, but need something simple that each windows/console app can easily bootstrap since we have alot of these apps and some pretty inexperienced developers. So how can I configure StructureMap to inject the same ISession into each of the dependent repositories from an application? Here's a totally contrived and totally made up example without using SM (for clarification only - please don't spend energy critisizing): ConsoleApplication Main { using(ISession session = GetSession()) using(ITransaction trans = session.BeginTransaction()) { var policyRepo = new PolicyRepo(session); var policyService = new PolicyService(policyRepo); var billingRepo = new BillingRepo(session) var billingService = new BillingService(billingRepo); var claimRepo = new ClaimsRepo(session); var claimService = new ClaimService(claimRepo, policyService, billingService); claimService.FileCLaim(); trans.Commit(); } }

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• Using StructureMap, how do you explicitly trigger the reinstantiation of a object with InstanceScope

  - by Mark Rogers

  I have an integration test harness where I want to teardown and then re-instantiate some of the singleton-scoped objects I've registered with StructureMap, after and before each test. This way I can simulate the actual run time environment, but not have the singleton's state being passed from one test to another. Maybe this isn't a great way to do an integration test, but I'm running out of alternative solutions (read open to any advice). So can an object with InstanceScope.Singleton, be re-instantiated? What's the best way to do re-instantiate a singleton-scoped object with StructureMap?

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• Updating gzip library in jre

  - by Sarmun

  Is there a way to update gzip library that JRE uses? There is a bug in gzip library that is used by latest JRE, and it has been fixed in later version of gzip library, so I would like to make latest JRE work by updating just gzip.

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• What sort of Circular Dependencies does Oracle allow?

  - by Neil

  Hi all, I am creating test cases and I need to cover circular dependencies. So far I have been able to create two tables such that Table A has a FK to B and B has a FK to A. What other circular dependencies exist / are allowed between objects? I tried to create cycles between Views but Oracle successfully rejected that.

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• IoC from start to finish

  - by Dave

  I'm quite sure that IoC is the way to go for my application. There are a ton of articles and even questions here on SO that discuss the different containers. I've read several blogs today with partial examples. I am personally leaning towards starting with the CommonServiceLocator and Unity as two way to solve the same problem -- I just need a bunch of assemblies to get data from a database, which I assume is what needs to be injected everywhere. I've yet to find any sites that really take a problem from beginning to end, with concrete code examples. For example, I've yet to find one that discusses an IServiceLocator and how to actually register it (or do whatever is required to make it known). What are your favorite posts / articles / SO questions that can take a noob from start to finish with the implementation?

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• How do I manage object disposal when I use IoC?

  - by Aval

  My case it is Ninject 2. // normal explicit dispose using (var dc = new EFContext) { } But sometimes I need to keep the context longer or between function calls. So I want to control this behavior through IoC scope. // if i use this way. how do i make sure object is disposed. var dc = ninject.Get<IContext>() // i cannot use this since the scope can change to singleton. right ?? using (var dc = ninject.Get<IContext>()) { } Sample scopes Container.Bind<IContext>().To<EFContext>().InSingletonScope(); // OR Container.Bind<IContext>().To<EFContext>().InRequestScope();

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• Define Default constructor Structuremap in a Generic Repository

  - by Ricky

  Hello guys, I have a generic IRepository that has 2 constructors, one have none parameters, other has the datacontext as parameter. I want to define to structuremap to aways in this case use the parameterless constructor. I want a way to create a parameterless contructor, other solutions that I have seen, they create a new Datacontext and pass it to the constructor that has parameters.

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• Why do people talk about DI frameworks "instantiating an object graph" rather than "instantiating ob

  - by Chuck

  I'm reading a book about DI that always talks about DI frameworks "instantiating an object graph". Why say it this way rather than "instantiating objects"?

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• Spring: Inject static member (System.in) via constructor

  - by Julian Lettner

  I wrote some sort of console client for a simple application. To be more flexible, I thought it would be nice to only depend on java.io.Input-/OutputStream, instead of accessing System.in/out directly. I renamed the class ConsoleClient to StreamClient, added setters and made sure that the instance fields are used instead of System.in/out. At the moment my client code looks like this: ApplicationContext appCtx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("..."); StreamClient cc = (StreamClient) appCtx.getBean("streamClient"); cc.setInputStream(System.in); cc.setOutputStream(System.out); cc.run(); // start client Question: Is there a way to move lines 3 and 4 into the Spring configuration (preferably constructor injection)? Thanks for your time.

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• Trouble with object injection in Spring.Net

  - by Abdel Olakara

  Hi all, I have a issue with my Spring.Net configuration where its not injecting an object. I have a CommService to which an object named GeneralEmail is injected to. Here is the configuration: <!-- GeneralMail Object --> <object id="GeneralMailObject" type="CommUtil.Email.GeneralEmail, CommUtil"> <constructor-arg name="host" value="xxxxx.com"/> <constructor-arg name="port" value="25"/> <constructor-arg name="user" value="[email protected]"/> <constructor-arg name="password" value="xxxxx"/> <constructor-arg name="template" value="xxxxx"/> </object> <!-- Communication Service --> <object id="CommServiceObject" type="TApp.Code.Services.CommService, TApp"> <property name="emailService" ref="GeneralMailObject" /> </object> The communication service object is again injected to many other aspx pages & service. In one scenario, I need to call the commnucation service from an static WebMethod. I try doing: CommService cso = new CommService(); But when i try to get the emailService object, its null! why didn't the spring inject the GeneralMail object into my cso object? What am I doing wrong and how do I access the object from spring container. Thanks in advance for the suggestions and solutions. Reagrds, Abdel Olakara

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• Spring properties (property-placeholder) autowiring

  - by peperg

  I have in my applicationContext.xml <context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:*.properties" /> <bean id="clientPreferencesManager" class="pl.bildpresse.bildchat2.business.ClientPreferencesManager" > <property name="clientApiUrl" value="${clientapi.url}" /> </bean> Is it possible to do the same by autowire ? Something like : @Autowired @Qualifier("${clientapi.url}") public void setClientApiUrl(String clientApiUrl) { this.clientApiUrl = clientApiUrl; }

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• What preferred way to wire dependencies using IoC container?

  - by Vadim

  I believe that most IoC containers allow you to wire dependencies with XML configuration file. What are cons and pros for using configuration file vs. registering dependencies in code?

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• When would you use the Common Service Locator ?

  - by ajma

  I've been looking at the Common Service Locator as a way of abstracting my IoC container but I've been noticing that some people are strongly against this type of this. Do people recommend never using it? Always using it? or sometimes using it? If sometimes, then in what situations would you use it and what situations would you not use it.

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• ASP.NET MVC unit testing

  - by Simon Lomax

  Hi, I'm getting started with unit testing and trying to do some TDD. I've read a fair bit about the subject and written a few tests. I just want to know if the following is the right approach. I want to add the usual "contact us" facility on my web site. You know the thing, the user fills out a form with their email address, enters a brief message and hits a button to post the form back. The model binders do their stuff and my action method accepts the posted data as a model. The action method would then parse the model and use smtp to send an email to the web site administrator infoming him/her that somebody filled out the contact form on their site. Now for the question .... In order to test this, would I be right in creating an interface IDeliver that has a method Send(emailAddress, message) to accept the email address and message body. Implement the inteface in a concrete class and let that class deal with smtp stuff and actually send the mail. If I add the inteface as a parameter to my controller constructor I can then use DI and IoC to inject the concrete class into the controller. But when unit testing I can create a fake or mock version of my IDeliver and do assertions on that. The reason I ask is that I've seen other examples of people generating interfaces for SmtpClient and then mocking that. Is there really any need to go that far or am I not understanding this stuff?

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• Injecting Annotated Bean into Regular Bean

  - by jboyd

  AppContext.xml <bean id="myBean" class="com.myapp.MyClass"> <property ref="myService"/> </bean> MyService.java @Service public class MyService { ... } This will throw an exception stating that no bean can be found for property "myService", which I understand because it can't be found in the context files, but I can autowire that field in other spring managed beans, but I need to explicitly build the bean in my context because the POJO is not editable in the scope of my project.

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• Injecting the mailer service, got "The service definition 'mailer' does not exist"?

  - by Gremo

  This is the class where the service mailer should be injected: namespace Gremo\SkebbyBundle\Transport; use Swift_Mailer; use Gremo\SkebbyBundle\Message\AbstractSkebbyMessage; class MailerTransport extends AbstractSkebbyTransport { /** * @var \Swift_Mailer */ private $mailer; public function __construct(Swift_Mailer $mailer) { $this->mailer = $mailer; } /** * @param \Gremo\SkebbyBundle\Message\AbstractSkebbyMessage $message * @return void */ public function executeTransport(AbstractSkebbyMessage $message) { /* ... */ } } Service id is gremo_skebby.transport.mailer, placed inside mailer.xml file: <parameters> <parameter key="gremo_skebby.converter.swift_message.class"> Gremo\SkebbyBundle\Converter\SwiftMessageConverter </parameter> <parameter key="gremo_skebby.transport.mailer.class"> Gremo\SkebbyBundle\Transport\MailerTransport </parameter> </parameters> <services> <service id="gremo_skebby.converter.swift_message" class="%gremo_skebby.converter.swift_message.class%" public="false" /> <service id="gremo_skebby.transport.mailer" class="%gremo_skebby.transport.mailer.class%" public="false" parent="gremo_skebby.tranport.abstract_transport"> <argument type="service" id="mailer" /> </service> </services> When i try to inject the gremo_skebby.transport.mailer into another service (an helper) i get: Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Exception\InvalidArgumentException : The service definition "mailer" does not exist. That is strange, because command php app/console container:debug shows that the mailer service actually exists: mailer container Swift_Mailer I'm loading mailer.xml file dynamically by the extension: if(in_array($configs['transport'], array('http', 'rest', 'mailer'))) { $loader->load('transport.xml'); $loader->load($configs['transport'] . '.xml'); $container->setAlias('gremo_skebby.transport', 'gremo_skebby.transport.' . $configs['transport']); } $loader->load('skebby.xml'); ... and gremo_skebby.transport service is injected into gremo_skebby.skebby service (skebby.xml): <parameters> <parameter key="gremo_skebby.skebby.class"> Gremo\SkebbyBundle\Skebby </parameter> </parameters> <services> <service id="gremo_skebby.skebby" class="%gremo_skebby.skebby.class%"> <argument type="service" id="gremo_skebby.transport" /> </service> </services> A quick test is giving me the same InvalidArgumentException: public function testSkebbyWithMailerTransport() { $loader = new GremoSkebbyExtension(); $container = new ContainerBuilder(); $config = $this->getEmptyConfiguration(); $loader->load(array($config), $container); $this->assertTrue($container->hasDefinition('gremo_skebby.transport.mailer')); $this->assertTrue($container->hasDefinition('gremo_skebby.skebby')); $this->assertInstanceOf('Gremo\SkebbyBundle\Skebby', $container->get('gremo_skebby.skebby')); }

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• Constructor Injection and when to use a Service Locator

  - by Simon

  I'm struggling to understand parts of StructureMap's usage. In particular, in the documentation a statement is made regarding a common anti-pattern, the use of StructureMap as a Service Locator only instead of constructor injection (code samples straight from Structuremap documentation): public ShippingScreenPresenter() { _service = ObjectFactory.GetInstance<IShippingService>(); _repository = ObjectFactory.GetInstance<IRepository>(); } instead of: public ShippingScreenPresenter(IShippingService service, IRepository repository) { _service = service; _repository = repository; } This is fine for a very short object graph, but when dealing with objects many levels deep, does this imply that you should pass down all the dependencies required by the deeper objects right from the top? Surely this breaks encapsulation and exposes too much information about the implementation of deeper objects. Let's say I'm using the Active Record pattern, so my record needs access to a data repository to be able to save and load itself. If this record is loaded inside an object, does that object call ObjectFactory.CreateInstance() and pass it into the active record's constructor? What if that object is inside another object. Does it take the IRepository in as its own parameter from further up? That would expose to the parent object the fact that we're access the data repository at this point, something the outer object probably shouldn't know. public class OuterClass { public OuterClass(IRepository repository) { // Why should I know that ThingThatNeedsRecord needs a repository? // that smells like exposed implementation to me, especially since // ThingThatNeedsRecord doesn't use the repo itself, but passes it // to the record. // Also where do I create repository? Have to instantiate it somewhere // up the chain of objects ThingThatNeedsRecord thing = new ThingThatNeedsRecord(repository); thing.GetAnswer("question"); } } public class ThingThatNeedsRecord { public ThingThatNeedsRecord(IRepository repository) { this.repository = repository; } public string GetAnswer(string someParam) { // create activeRecord(s) and process, returning some result // part of which contains: ActiveRecord record = new ActiveRecord(repository, key); } private IRepository repository; } public class ActiveRecord { public ActiveRecord(IRepository repository) { this.repository = repository; } public ActiveRecord(IRepository repository, int primaryKey); { this.repositry = repository; Load(primaryKey); } public void Save(); private void Load(int primaryKey) { this.primaryKey = primaryKey; // access the database via the repository and set someData } private IRepository repository; private int primaryKey; private string someData; } Any thoughts would be appreciated. Simon

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