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• HTTPS on all pages where user is logged on

  - by Tom Gullen

  I know this is considered best practise to prevent cookie hijacking. I would like to adopt this approach, but ran across a problem on our forum where the users post images which either aren't posted with URL's over HTTPS or the url itself doesn't support HTTPS. This throws up a lot of ugly browser warnings. I see I have two options: Disable HTTPS for the forum Force all user posted content to start with // in the url so it selects the right protocol, if it doesn't support HTTPS so be it Do I have any other options? How do other sites deal with this?

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• All Secure: "Keeping Current with Standards"

  Oracle expertise in secure development practice is certified.

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• How should I store and secure self-signed certificates?

  - by Anthony Mastrean

  I'm fairly certain I shouldn't commit certificates into source control. Even if the repository is private and only authenticated coworkers (for example) have access to it. That would allow for accidental exposure (thumb drives, leaked credentials, whatever). But, how should I store and secure certificates? I don't suppose I should just plop them on the network file server, for some of the same reasons I wouldn't put them into source control, right? Is there some kind of secure certificate store that I can run? Does the Java "keystore" do that generally or is it specific for like weblogic servers or something?

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• How can we protect the namespace of an object in Javascript?

  - by Eduard Florinescu

  Continuing from my previous question: Javascript simple code to understand prototype-based OOP basics Let's say we run into console this two separate objects(even if they are called child and parent there is no inheritance between them): var parent = { name: "parent", print: function(){ console.log("Hello, "+this.name); } }; var child = { name: "child", print: function(){ console.log("Hi, "+this.name); } }; parent.print() // This will print: Hello, parent child.print() // This will print: Hi, child temp =parent; parent = child; child = temp; parent.print() // This will now print: Hi, child child.print() // This will now print: Hello, parent Now suppose that parent is a library, as a HTML5 application in a browser this cannot do much harm because is practically running sandboxed, but now with the advent of the ChromeOS, FirefoxOS and other [Browser] OS they will also be linked to a native API, that would be a head out of the „sandbox”. Now if someone changes the namespace it would be harder for a code reviewer (either automated or not ) to spot an incorrect use if the namespaces changes. My question would be: Are there many ways in which the above situation can be done and what can be done to protect this namespaces? (Either in the javascript itself or by some static code analysis tool)

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• Monitoring / metric collection for system collectives that change a lot in time (a.k.a. cloud)

  - by Florin Andrei

  When your server fleet doesn't change a lot in time, like when you're using bare-metal hosting, classic monitoring and metric collection solutions (Nagios, Munin) work well. But if the number of systems varies a lot in time, and may in fact vary rapidly, classic software is more difficult to setup and use. E.g., trying to make Nagios (monitoring) keep up with a rapidly evolving cloud infrastructure can be cumbersome. Same for Munin (metric collection). It's not just the configuration, but the way the information is conveyed to the user, or displayed, is inadequate for the cloud. What are some possible alternatives that work well with the cloud? The goals are to collect and display metrics (analog to Munin), and generate alerts when certain metrics go out of bounds or when certain services are unavailable (analog to Nagios), and do everything in a cloud-friendly manner. Some cloud providers offer monitoring / metric collection as services, but not always, and if you use more than one provider you don't want to become too dependent of just one vendor. So provider-independent solutions are required. EDIT: I am asking this question in a general fashion - not limited to any given cloud infrastructure (like OpenStack), but in the general case of using arbitrary cloud providers.

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• How to protect Google Ads from yontoo layers runtime?

  - by Dharmavir

  Since sometime I have observed that Google Ads on any website including my blog (http://blogs.digitss.com) gets replaced with something similar to uploaded image below. I am sure it's happening with many people and that could reduce google adsense income. After some research I found that it is because "yontoo layers runtime" from http://www.yontoo.com/ (tagline says: Platform that allows you to control the websites you visit everyday.) but actually they are taking over. I am not sure with which software they are making a way into users computer but that seems very bad in terms of freedom of Internet and advt/marketing industry. I don't remember I have ever said "yes" to install yontoo on my computer. This piece of software is successful to install itself on my laptop/desktop and workstation at office. I am going to disable it now but the question is how do I make my websites aware of Yontoo Runtime and stop them from replacing Google Ads? Basically they are not able to replace all adsense ads but so far they are successfully replaced 1st instance of adsense advt and I am sure in future they will hit more. There could be 2 approaches 1) Fool yontoo runtime by putting some misleading divs in html document to save actual ads, 2) Completely disable yontoo by working out some client side script (javascript) which can fail/crash yontoo runtime and so will fail it's purpose of replacing ads. You can visit my blog (http://blogs.digitss.com) and see on top-right corner, if you find that google ad replaced with something similar to image attached with question - it means your computer/browser is infected too. Looking forward to reply from webmasters, if someone has already wrote some code/plugin to make website (and google ads) safe from yontoo or similar runtime. FYI: it was able to push this runtime in all browsers installed on machine. So a dangerous threat. And yes, I am just using Google ads - not sure if yontoo runtime is doing trick against other ad networks or not? I am sure they must be doing it with some handful of ad networks.

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• Where should I redirect (removed) phishing pages

  - by tinjaw

  I was unfortunately the victim of a PHP exploit. Looking through my webserver logs, people are still attempting to reach the URL used in the phish. I want to redirect them to a site that will educate these people on what phishing is. My question: Is there a (generic / vendor-neutral) phishing education website that you suggest I send them to with a 301 redirect? (I assume a 301 is the best option.)

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• Filtering content from response body HTML (mod_security or other WAFs)

  - by Bingo Star

  We have Apache on Linux with mod_security as the Web App Firewall (WAF) layer. To prevent content injections, we have some rules that basically disable a page containing some text patterns from showing up at all. For example, if an HTML page on webserver has slur words (because some webmaster may have copied/pasted text without proofreading) the Apache server throws a 406 error. Our requirement now is a little different: we would like to show the page as regular 200, but if such a pattern is matched, we want to strip out the offending content. Not block the entire page. If we had a server side technology we could easily code for this, but sadly this is for a website with 1000s of static html pages. Another solution might have been to do a cronjob of find/replace strings and run them on folders en-masse, maybe, but we don't have access to the file system in this case (different department). We do have control over WAF or Apache rules if any. Any pointers or creative ideas?

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• Is the php method md5() secure? Can it be used for passwords? [migrated]

  - by awiebe

  So executing a php script causes the form values to be sent to the server, and then they are processed. If you want to store a password in your db than you want it to be a cryptographic hash(so your client side is secure, can you generate an md5 using php securely( without submitting the user:password pair in the clear), or is there an alternative standard method of doing this, without having the unecrypted pasword leaving the clients machine? Sorry if this is a stupid question I'm kind of new at this. I think this can be done somehow using https, and on that note if a site's login page does not use https, does that mean that while the databse storage is secure, the transportation is not?

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• practical security ramifications of increasing WCF clock skew to more than an hour

  - by Andrew Patterson

  I have written a WCF service that returns 'semi-private' data concerning peoples name, addresses and phone numbers. By semi-private, I mean that there is a username and password to access the data, and the data is meant to be secured in transit. However, IMHO noone is going to expend any energy trying to obtain the data, as it is mostly available in the public phone book anyway etc. At some level, the security is a bit of security 'theatre' to tick some boxes imposed on us by government entities. The client end of the service is an application which is given out to registered 'users' to run within their own IT setups. We have no control over the IT of the users - and in fact they often tell us to 'go jump' if we put too many requirements on their systems. One problem we have been encountering is numerous users that have system clocks that are not accurate. This can either be caused by a genuine slow/fast clocks, or more than likely a timezone or daylight savings zone error (putting their machine an hour off the 'real' time). A feature of the WCF bindings we are using is that they rely on the notion of time to detect replay attacks etc. <wsHttpBinding> <binding name="normalWsBinding" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="655360"> <reliableSession enabled="false" /> <security mode="Message"> <message clientCredentialType="UserName" negotiateServiceCredential="false" algorithmSuite="Default" establishSecurityContext="false" /> </security> </binding> </wsHttpBinding> The inaccurate client clocks cause security exceptions to be thrown and unhappy users. Other than suggesting users correct their clocks, we know that we can increase the clock skew of the security bindings. http://www.danrigsby.com/blog/index.php/2008/08/26/changing-the-default-clock-skew-in-wcf/ My question is, what are the real practical security ramifications of increasing the skew to say 2 hours? If an attacker can perform some sort of replay attack, why would a clock skew window of 5 minutes be necessarily safer than 2 hours? I presume performing any attack with security mode of 'message' requires more than just capturing some data at a proxy and sending the data back in again to 'replay' the call? In a situation like mine where data is only 'read' by the users, are there indeed any security ramifications at all to allowing 'replay' attacks?

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• Pyramid.security: Is getting user info from a database with unauthenticated_userid(request) really secure?

  - by yourfriendzak

  I'm trying to make an accesible cache of user data using Pyramid doc's "Making A “User Object” Available as a Request Attribute" example. They're using this code to return a user object to set_request_property: from pyramid.security import unauthenticated_userid def get_user(request): # the below line is just an example, use your own method of # accessing a database connection here (this could even be another # request property such as request.db, implemented using this same # pattern). dbconn = request.registry.settings['dbconn'] userid = unauthenticated_userid(request) if userid is not None: # this should return None if the user doesn't exist # in the database return dbconn['users'].query({'id':userid}) I don't understand why they're using unauthenticated_userid(request) to lookup user info from the database...isn't that insecure? That means that user might not be logged in, so why are you using that ID to get there private info from the database? Shouldn't userid = authenticated_userid(request) be used instead to make sure the user is logged in? What's the advantage of using unauthenticated_userid(request)? Please help me understand what's going on here.

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• How to propagate spring security login to EJBs?

  - by tangens

  Context I have a J2EE application running on a JBoss 4.2.3 application server. The application is reachabe through a web interface. The authentication is done with basic authentication. Inside of the EJBs I ask the security context of the bean for the principal (the name of the logged in user) and do some authorization checks if this user is allowed to access this method of the EJB. The EJBs life inside a different ear than the servlets handling the web frontend, so I can't access the spring application context directly. Required change I want to switch to Spring Security for handling the user login. Question How can I propagate the spring login information to the JBoss security context so I can still use my EJBs without having to rewrite them? Ideas and links I already found a page talking about "Propagating Identity from Spring Security to the EJB Layer", but unfortunatelly it refers to an older version of Spring Security (Acegi) and I'm not familiar enough with Spring Security to make this work with the actual version (3.0.2).

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• What should every programmer know about security ?

  - by M.H

  I am an IT student and I am now in the 3rd year in university,until now we are studing a lot of subjects related to computer in general (Programming,Algorithms,Computer architecture,maths....etc). But there is a whole world called security we are very far from it ,I mean here security in general(Computers Security,Interner Security,Networks Security,hacking,cracking...etc). I am very sure that nobody can learn every thing about security but sure there is a "minimum" knowledge every programmer or IT student should know about it and my question is what is this minimum knowledge ? can you suggest some E-books or courses or any thing can help to start with this road ?

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• MailEnable - Configuring TLS for secure SMTP (Gmail)

  - by Buckers

  I have the latest version of MailEnable Pro installed on a new server that I'm setting up. Sending & receiving works fine with a new email account that I have set up, however I am now trying to configure GMail to use the mailserver for outgoing SMTP. I've done the following so far: Creating a self-cert SSL certficiate Ticked "Enable TLS" on the General tab of the SMTP connector properties Ticked "Send using TLS if remote server supports it" on the Outbound tab of the SMTP connector properties Selected the new self-cert SSL certificate on the SSL tab of the localhost server properties. Given permissions to IME_System on the new certificate However, Gmail is still giving me the following error: Authentication failed. Please check your username/password. [Server response: 454 TLS not available due to temporary reason code(454) ] I'm trying to connect on port 25, (someone told me you can still do this and you dont have to connect on 465). Is this right? Or do I need to tell MailEnable to use port 465? Am I missing something? Thanks, Chris.

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• repeated failing passwords in linux security log (/var/log/secure)

  - by wallyk

  Recently, I opened up the SSH port through my firewalls (and redirecting to my server) so I could check on the (http) server while on the road. The first week or two there was nothing different. But now, three or four weeks later, I see lots of this: Mar 20 08:38:28 localhost sshd[21895]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:31 localhost sshd[21895]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 2854 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:31 localhost sshd[21896]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:32 localhost unix_chkpwd[21900]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:32 localhost sshd[21898]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:34 localhost sshd[21898]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 3729 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:35 localhost sshd[21899]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:36 localhost unix_chkpwd[21903]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:36 localhost sshd[21901]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:38 localhost sshd[21901]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 4313 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:38 localhost sshd[21902]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:40 localhost unix_chkpwd[21906]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:40 localhost sshd[21904]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:42 localhost sshd[21904]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 4869 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:43 localhost sshd[21905]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 08:38:44 localhost unix_chkpwd[21909]: password check failed for user (root) Mar 20 08:38:44 localhost sshd[21907]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=mail.queued.net user=root Mar 20 08:38:46 localhost sshd[21907]: Failed password for root from 207.210.101.209 port 2512 ssh2 Mar 20 15:38:47 localhost sshd[21908]: Received disconnect from 207.210.101.209: 11: Bye Bye Mar 20 15:38:57 localhost sshd[21912]: Connection closed by 207.210.101.209 There are about 1100 lines of these for March 20th, zero for the 19th, and 800 or so for the 18th—all related to the same IP. What does it mean? What should I do? Why isn't it chronological?

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• What is the difference between safety and security?

  - by Lernkurve

  Question What is the difference between safety and security in the context of information management or computer science? Elaboration This could be the canonical answer for people searching for it. Let me know if superuser.com is the wrong site for this question. I have, of course, googled it and haven't found an answer that seemed short and to the point. Wikipedia wasn't very helpful either: safety, information security.

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• Automatically Applying Security Updates for AWS Elastic Beanstalk

  - by Eric Anderson

  I've been a fan of Heroku since it's earliest days. But I like the fact that AWS Elastic Beanstalk gives you more control over the characteristics of the instances. One thing I love about Heroku is the fact that I can deploy an app and not worry about managing it. I am assuming Heroku is ensuring all OS security updates are timely applied. I just need to make sure my app is secure. My initial research on Beanstalk shows that although it builds and configures the instances for you, after that it moves to a more manual management process. Security updates won't automatically be applied to the instances. It seems there are two areas of concerns: New AMI releases - As new AMI releases hit it seems we would want to run the latest (presumably most secure). But my research seems to indicate you need to manually launch a new setup to see the latest AMI version and then create a new environment to use that new version. Is there a better automated way of rotating your instances into new AMI releases? In between releases there will be security updates released for packages. Seems we want to upgrade those as well. My research seems to indicate people install commands to occasionally run a yum update. But since new instances are created/destroyed based on usage it seems that the new instances would not always have the updates (i.e. the time between the instance creation and the first yum update). So occasionally you will have instances that aren't patched. And you are also going to have instances constantly patching themselves until the new AMI release is applied. My other concern is that perhaps these security updates haven't gone through Amazon's own review (like the AMI releases do) and it might break my app to automatically update them. I know Dreamhost once had a 12 hour outage because they were applying debian updates completely automatically without any review. I want to make sure the same thing doesn't happen to me. So my question is does Amazon provide a way to offer fully managed PaaS like Heroku? Or is AWS Elastic Beanstalk really more of just a install script and after that you are on your own (other than the monitoring and deployment tools they provide)?

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• Use SECEDIT to export "Security Options" from one computer and import on another

  - by Andy Arismendi

  Can I use secedit.exe to export out the "Security Options" from the local security policy and then import them on another machine? I'm trying to do this on Windows Server 2008. Update I just tried with: secedit /export /db C:\andy.db /cfg C:\andy.inf /areas SECURITYPOLICY /log C:\andy.log But it didn't work with error: Warning 2: The system cannot find the file specified. Error opening C:\andy.db. Where do I get the DB file from?

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• Security update in command line on Ubuntu

  - by Luc

  Hello, I can find anything on google that could help me to use aptitude to only install security update using command line on Ubuntu. I tried this: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AutomaticSecurityUpdates but it installed everything and not only the security updates !!!! Thanks a lot for your help, Luc

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• Microsoft Security Essentials howto auto download definition updates

  - by chris.nullptr

  I use Microsoft Security Essentials as my antivirus on my Win7 box. New virus definitions to Security Essentials are installed using Windows Update. However, the updates are marked as optional by default, as opposed to important which means that they don't get installed automatically. I have to select the updates from the list of optional updates and install them manually. Is there a way to change this behavior so that new definitions are marked as important and installed automatically?

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• Bad ways to secure wireless network c

  - by Moshe

  I was wondering if anybody had any thoughts on this, as I recently saw a Verizon DSL network set up where the WEP key was the last 8 characters of the router's MAC address. (It's bad enough that hey were using WEP in the first place...)

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• Windows security unknown accounts: security breach?

  - by Keikoku

  I was uploading some images I had just created to imgur earlier today and noticed that chrome couldn't access my Pictures folder. Windows tells me access was denied. Firefox didn't have an issue though I went to it through windows explorer and it worked fine, and looked at the security tab under properties and noticed that there were four unknown accounts, one of which has full control privileges. I looked at my other folders in the same drive and none of them had these unknown accounts. It was only that specific Pictures folder, and all of its subfolders. What are these unknown accounts and what could it mean? Should I be worried that someone may have compromised the system (well, I should probably be worried about that all the time I guess) I read on microsoft support forums that it may be the result of a previously deleted account, but there has only been one account on this computer for months and no user account management has been performed for awhile.

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• Microsoft Security Essentials for a business

  - by Systech

  This is 2 questions really - Am I allowed to install Microsoft Security Essentials 1.0 in a business of 200 - 300 users? Is Microsoft Security Essentials 1.0 adequate protection (real-time scanning, updates etc)?

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• What are the benefits of running chef-server instead of chef-solo?

  - by strife25

  I am looking at automated deployment solutions for my team and have been playing with Chef for the past few days. I've been able to get a simple web app up an running from a base Red Hat VM using chef-solo. Our end goal is to use Chef (or another system) to automatically deploy application topologies to the cloud as we run builds. Our process would basically run like so: Our web app code, dependencies, and chef cookbooks are stored in SCM A build is executed and greats a single package for images to acquire and test against The build engine then deploys new cloud images that run a chef client to get packages installed. The images acquire the cookbooks from SCM or the Chef server and install everything to get up and running What are the benefits and/or use cases for getting a Chef Server running? Are there any major benefits to have a Chef Server hold and acquire the cookbooks from SCM vs. using chef-solo and having a script that will pull the cookbooks from SCM?

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• Secure external connection to SQL Server (from third party software)

  - by Bart

  I have a SQL Express 2008 R2 server running on a server in an internal lan network. A few databases are used by some third party software to store data. A SQL-Server user is used by this application to connect to the database. Now I need to access this database using a local installation of the software from an external pc. In this particular case a VPN connection is not the solution I am looking for. I have access to an external linux server, so I tried ssh tunneling from the windows server to the linux server and use the external pc to tunnel it back from the linux server to the client, but this is working very very slow. What are my other options to allow this external connection in a safe way?

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