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  • SQL SERVER – How to an Add Identity Column to Table in SQL Server

    - by Pinal Dave
    Here is the question I received on SQLAuthority Fan Page. “How do I add an identity column to Table in SQL Server? “ Sometime the questions are very very simple but the answer is not easy to find. Scenario 1: If you are table does not have identity column, you can simply add the identity column by executing following script: ALTER TABLE MyTable ADD ID INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL Scenario 2: If your table already has a column which you want to convert to identity column, you can’t do that directly. There is a workaround for the same which I have discussed in depth over the article Add or Remove Identity Property on Column. Scenario 3: If your table has already identity column and you can want to add another identity column for any reason – that is not possible. A table can have only one identity column. If you try to have multiple identity column your table, it will give following error. Msg 2744, Level 16, State 2, Line 2 Multiple identity columns specified for table ‘MyTable‘. Only one identity column per table is allowed. Leave a comment if you have any suggestion. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL Tagged: Identity

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  • MySQL – Beginning Temporary Tables in MySQL

    - by Pinal Dave
    MySQL supports Temporary tables to store the resultsets temporarily for a given connection. Temporary tables are created with the keyword TEMPORARY along with the CREATE TABLE statement. Let us create the temporary table named Temp CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE TEMP (id INT); Now you can find out the column names using DESC command DESC TEMP; The above returns the following result This table can be accessed only for the current connection and it can be used like a permanent table and automatically dropped when the connection is closed. However, you can not find temporary tables using INFORMATION_SCHEMA. TABLES system view. It will only list out the permanent tables. MySQL usually stores the data of temporary tables in memory and processed by Memory Storage engine. But if the data size is too large MySQL automatically converts this to the on – disk table and use MyISAM engine. You can also create a permanent table with the same name of a temporary table in the same connection. However the structure of permanent table is visible only if the temporary table with the same name is dropped. Let us create a permanent table with the same name Temp as below CREATE TABLE TEMP (id INT, names VARCHAR(100)); Now running the following command stills gives you the structure of the temporary table temp created earlier. DESC TEMP; You can drop the temporary table using DROP TEMPORARY TABLE command; DROP TEMPORARY TABLE TEMP; After you executed the temporary table, run the following command DESC TEMP; Now you will see the structure of the permanent table named temp In summary – If there is a Temporary Table in MySQL it gets first priority over the permanent table in the session. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: MySQL, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • SQLAuthority News – Presenting at Virtual Tech Days TechEd Pre-Con – February 9, 2011

    - by pinaldave
    I will be presenting on following subject on Virtual Tech Days TechEd Pre-Con – February 9, 2011. Auditing Made Easy: Change Tracking and Change Data Capture Date and Time: February 9, 2011 11:45am-12:45pm Location: Online In this fast paced demo oriented session we will go over few of concept which are related to real life problem at customers. We often see developers and DBA looking for details like who has dropped the table, who has last modified any object as well what was actually modified. SQL Server 2008 has all the answers. It has various new methods for Auditing where not only you can know details about what was changed as well know who changed it as well. In addition to that we can capture way more details configuring Auditing. We can also work prevent changes if proper policy management is configured. If you have ever attended my session on this subject earlier, this is going to absolutely new session and very much demo oriented. There is going to be quiz at the end of the session and I promise that if you attend the session, you will get all the answers correct. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com)   Filed under: About Me, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • One eye on my dinner and one eye on SQL server

    - by fatherjack
    LiveJournal Tags: RedGate,Work Life Balance,Tips and Tricks,SQL Server This is somewhere between a Tweet and a proper blog article - would that be a Bleet? Anyway, I was at a local restaurant yesterday and after placing my order I was thinking about having to get home and log in to check some SQL Servers and then the thought came to me that as we were near civilisation there was likely to be a 3G signal that might actually make using the web browser on my phone bearable. It was surprisingly fast on my HTC Desire, it was almost as good as Wi-Fi. RedGate SQL Monitor works fine on the default HTC browser and here is the proof, me checking the servers while I am waiting for the meal to arrive. Everything checked out OK so I had the evening free from SQL Server. You can get a free 14 day full trial of a SQL Monitor from RedGate here or find out more about it at The Future of Monitoring. Disclosure: I am a friend of RedGate and as such regularly make positive comments about their products. I don't get paid for it but I do get free licenses for testing and reviewing purposes.

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  • SQL Authority News – Download and Install Adventure Works 2014 Sample Databases

    - by Pinal Dave
    If you are using SQL Server there are good chances that you are familiar with AdventureWorks. AdventureWorks is a Sample Database shipped with SQL Server and it can be downloaded from CodePlex site. AdventureWorks have replaced Northwind and Pubs from the sample database in SQL Server 2005. The Microsoft team keeps updating the sample database as they release new versions. I use the AdventureWorks database for most of my example, as it is easy to use sample database which is accessible for most of the people out there. Every new version  of SQL Server should have its own Adventureworks database. The reason is that SQL Server comes up with new features with every version and most of the new features need a new dataset sample to demonstrate the capabilities of the features. This is the why every version of SQL Server has its own AdventureWorks database. SQL Server 2014 has many new features and to support that Microsoft has released new Advetureworks 2014 Sample Database. You can download Adventure Works 2014 Sample Databases from here. Here is a quick tutorial how one can install the AdventureWorks database on your server. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Download, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • SQLAuthority News – Learning, Community and Book Signing at #SQLPASS 2012

    - by pinaldave
    SQLPASS event is going excellent we are having great great fun! We are having book signing events and the response is overwhelmingly positive. I am glad that all of you love our books and I totally appreciate your support. Rick and I both are feeling very motivated to write more books in future. Here is our schedule for book signing. SQL Queries 2012 Joes 2 Pros Volume1 Finally a book for the true SQL Server beginner! Whether you are brand new to databases and are thinking of getting your 70-461 certification or already a semi-pro working in the field and need some fingertip support, this is this is the book for you. Joes 2 Pros does not assume you already know anything about databases or SQL server.  This book builds on the success of the previous series and will help anyone transform themselves from a beginner “Joe” into a SQL 2012 “Pro”. Wednesday, November 7, 2012 12pm-1pm – Book Signing at Exhibit Hall Joes Pros booth#117 (FREE BOOK) Rest all the time – I will be at Exhibition Hall Joes 2 Pros Booth #117. Stop by for the goodies! This book is also available on Amazon. SQL 2012 Functions Joes 2 Pros Functions have been around for many years to make our lives easier. Because of them, thousands of lines of valuable programming can be done with one statement. When we know what functions are offered in SQL Server we can get powerful projects done very quickly. Often times, the functions you wished you had are released in the next version. Wednesday, November 7, 2012 7pm-8pm - Embarcadero Booth Book Signing (FREE BOOK) Thursday, November 8, 2012 12pm-1pm - Embarcadero Booth Book Signing (FREE BOOK) This book is also available on Amazon. If you are at SQLPASS stop by Booth #117 – I will be there and many be you can get one of my signed book! Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL PASS, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority Book Review, SQLAuthority News, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Difference between COUNT(DISTINCT) vs COUNT(ALL)

    - by pinaldave
    This blog post is written in response to the T-SQL Tuesday hosted by Jes Schultz Borland. Earlier today, I was presenting a 45-minute session at the Community College about “The Beginning SQL Server Database”. One of the students asked me the following question. What is the difference between COUNT(DISTINCT) vs COUNT(ALL)? I found this question from the student very interesting. He seems to have read the documentation (Book Online) and was then asking me this question. I always carry laptop which has SQL Server installed. I quickly opened it and ran the following script. After looking at the result, I think it was clear to everybody. Here is the script: SELECT COUNT([Title]) Value FROM [AdventureWorks].[Person].[Contact] GO SELECT COUNT(ALL [Title]) ALLValue FROM [AdventureWorks].[Person].[Contact] GO SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT [Title]) DistinctValue FROM [AdventureWorks].[Person].[Contact] GO The above script will give me the following results. You can clearly notice from the result set that COUNT (ALL ColumnName) is the same as COUNT(ColumnName). The reality is that the “ALL” is actually  the default option and it needs not to be specified. The ALL keyword includes all the non-NULL values. I know this is very simple and may be it does not change how we work; however looking at the whole angle, I really enjoyed the question. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Contest – Summary of 5 Day and Additional Information

    - by pinaldave
      I am overwhelmed with the response of our contest ran earlier this week. Every day we are giving away USD 198 worth give aways to readers in USA and India. If you have not participated so far, I encourage you to participate today itself. Here are links to our 5 day contest. The winner of the contest will be announced on August 20th. Query Hint – Contest Win Joes 2 Pros Combo (USD 198) – Day 1 of 5 Identity Fields – Contest Win Joes 2 Pros Combo (USD 198) – Day 2 of 5 Clustered Index and Primary Key – Contest Win Joes 2 Pros Combo (USD 198) – Day 3 of 5 Expanding Views – Contest Win Joes 2 Pros Combo (USD 198) – Day 4 of 5 Understanding XML – Contest Win Joes 2 Pros Combo (USD 198) – Day 5 of 5 Here are a few important notes related to the contest. A few people asked me what should they do as they have forgotten to mention their country in the response. Please resubmit with correct data, we will only consider latest entry from one person. What if you are not from the USA or India? Participate in the Bonus Quiz. Leave a comment for each of the questions above with your favorite article and you may be eligible for winning something cool. What if I am winner of two contests out of 5 contests? Well, in that case, we will send you one set of Combo Kit and Amazon Gift Card of USD 100 for another contest which you won. Can I exchange my kit with other stuff? No, if you do not want kit, give it to someone who needs it. Btw, I strongly suggest that you participate in the Bonus Quiz. There is something cool for everyone! Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)         Filed under: Database, DBA, Joes 2 Pros, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQLAuthority News – SQL Server Interview Questions And Answers Book Summary

    - by pinaldave
    Today we are using computers for various activities, motor vehicles for traveling to places, and mobile phones for conversation. How many of us can claim the invention of micro-processor, a basic wheel, or the telegraph? Similarly, this book was not written overnight. The journey of this book goes many years back with many individuals to be thanked for. To begin with, we want to thank all those interviewers who reject interviewees by saying they need to know ‘the key things’ regardless of having high grades in class. The whole concept of interview questions and answers revolves around knowing those ‘key things’. The core concept of this book will continue to evolve over time. I am sure many of you will come along with us on this journey and submit your suggestions to us to make this book a key reference for anybody who wants to start with SQL Server. Today we want to acknowledge the fact that you will help us keep this book alive forever with the latest updates. We want to thank everyone who participates in this journey with us. Though each of these chapters are geared towards convenience we highly recommend reading each of the sections irrespective of the roles you might be doing since each of the sections have some interesting trivia about working with SQL Server. In the industry the role of accidental DBA’s (especially with SQL Server) is very common. Hence if you have performed the role of DBA for a short stint and want to brush-up your fundamentals then the upcoming sections will be a great review. Table Of Contents Database Concepts With Sql Server Common Generic Questions & Answers Common Developer Questions Common Tricky Questions Miscellaneous Questions On Sql Server 2008 Dba Skills Related Questions Data Warehousing Interview Questions & Answers General Best Practices [Amazon] | [Flipkart] Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Best Practices, Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Interview Questions and Answers, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Difference between DATABASEPROPERTY and DATABASEPROPERTYEX

    - by pinaldave
    Earlier I asked a simple question on Facebook regarding difference between DATABASEPROPERTY and DATABASEPROPERTYEX in SQL Server. You can view the original conversation there over here. The conversion immediately became very interesting and lots of healthy discussion happened on facebook page. The best part of having conversation on facebook page is the comfort it provides and leaner commenting interface. Question Question from SQLAuthority.com: What is the difference between DATABASEPROPERTY and DATABASEPROPERTYEX in SQL Server? Answer Answer from Rakesh Kumar: DATABASEPROPERTY is supported for backward compatibility but does not provide information about the properties added in this release. Also, many properties supported by DATABASEPROPERTY have been replaced by new properties in DATABASEPROPERTYEX.- source (MSDN). Answer from Alphonso Jones: The only real difference I can see is one, the number of properties contained and the other is that EX returns a sql_variant while DATABASEPROPERTY returns only int. Answer from Ambati Venkatasiva: Both are system meta data functions. DATABASEPROPERTYEX Returns the current setting of the specified database option. DATABASEPROPERTYEX returns the sq-varient value and DATABASEPROPERTY returns integer value. Answer from Rama Sankar Molleti:  Here is the best example about databasepropertyex SELECT DATABASEPROPERTYEX('dbname', 'Collation') Result SQL_1xCompat_CP850_CI_AS Whereas with databaseproperty it retuns nothing as the return type for this is integer. Sql_variant datatype stores values of various sql server supported datatypes except text, ntext, image and timestamp. Answer from Alok Seth:  SELECT DATABASEPROPERTYEX('AdventureWorks', 'Status') DatabaseStatus_DATABASEPROPERTYEX GO --Result - ONLINE SELECT DATABASEPROPERTY('AdventureWorks', 'Status') DatabaseStatus_DATABASEPROPERTY GO --Result - NULL Summary Use DATABASEPROPERTYEX as it is the only function supported in future version as well it returns status of various database properties which does not exists with DATABASEPROPERTY. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – DMV sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object – Describes the First Result Metadata for the Module

    - by pinaldave
    Here is another interesting follow up blog post of SQL SERVER – sp_describe_first_result_set New System Stored Procedure in SQL Server 2012. While I was writing earlier blog post I had come across DMV sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object as well. I found that SQL Server 2012 is providing all this quick and new features which quite often we miss  to learn it and when in future someone demonstrates the same to us, we express our surprise on the subject. DMV sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object returns result set which describes the columns used in the stored procedure. Here is the quick example. Let us first create stored procedure. USE [AdventureWorks] GO ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[CompSP] AS SELECT [DepartmentID] id ,[Name] n ,[GroupName] gn FROM [HumanResources].[Department] GO Now let us run following two DMV which gives us meta data description of the stored procedure passed as a parameter. Option1: Pass second parameter @include_browse_information as a 0. SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object ( OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[CompSP]'),0) AS Table1 GO Option2: Pass second parameter @include_browse_information as a 1. SELECT * FROM sys.dm_exec_describe_first_result_set_for_object ( OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[CompSP]'),1) AS Table1 GO Here is the result of Option1 and Option2. If you see the result, there is absolutely no difference between the results. Both of the resultset are returning column names which are aliased in the stored procedure. Let us scroll on the right side and you will notice that there is clear difference in some columns. You will see in second resultset source_database, Source_schema as well few other columns are reporting original table instead of NULL values. When @include_browse_information result is set to 1 it will provide the columns details of the underlying table. I have just discovered this DMV, I have yet to use it in production code and find out where exactly I will use this DMV. Do you have any idea? Does any thing comes up to your mind where this DMV can be helpful. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DMV, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Poll – What would you love to see in SQL in Sixty Seconds?

    - by Pinal Dave
    Last week, I had my very first SQL in Sixty Seconds Video of this year. Lots of people send me email asking for me to continue this series as it was extremely fun at times to watch the video. I am going to start the series again in the month of June. However, I need your help to decide what would like to see in SQL in Sixty Seconds Videos. Here are quick poll and I requesting you to help me with the poll. Take Our Poll (function(d,c,j){if(!d.getElementById(j)){var pd=d.createElement(c),s;pd.id=j;pd.src='http://s1.wp.com/wp-content/mu-plugins/shortcodes/js/polldaddy-shortcode.js';s=d.getElementsByTagName(c)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(pd,s);} else if(typeof jQuery !=='undefined')jQuery(d.body).trigger('pd-script-load');}(document,'script','pd-polldaddy-loader')); Contest  If you leave a comment to this blog post and if I build a SQL in Sixty Seconds Video on it. I will send you a surprise gift (worth USD 25). Earlier Videos Here are few of my previous SQL in Sixty Seconds Video. Please check them out they should give you an idea what I usually cover in Sixty Seconds. Reference: Pinal Dave (https://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Video

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  • SQLAuthority News – Resolution for New Year 2011

    - by pinaldave
    Today is the first day of the year so I want to write something very light. Last Year: 2010 Last Year was a blast; really traveled a lot. My family and I went on vacation. There I enjoyed being father, rolling on the floor and playing with my daughter. Here is the list of the countries I visited throughout 2010: Singapore (twice) Malaysia (twice) Sri Lanka (thrice) Nepal (once) United States of America (twice) United Arab Emirates (UAE) (once) My daughter who just completed 1 year on September 1, 2010 has so far visited three countries: Singapore, Malaysia and Sri Lanka, where I have done lots of community activities. The list containing all my activities can be found at Pinal Dave’s Community Events. I have written nearly 380 blog posts last year. It would be difficult for me to pick a few. However, I keep a running list of all of my articles over here: All Articles on SQLAuthority.com. I have so far received more than 10,000 email questions during the year and consequently I have done my best to answer most of them. I strongly believe if one would Search SQLAuthority.com blog, they would have found the answer quickly. The best part of 2010 for me was working on SQL Server Health Check and SQL Server Performance Tuning. This Year: 2011 This year, I came up with two simple goals: 1. Personal Goal: Reduce Weight 2. Professional Goal: Stay busy for the entire year with SQL Server Performance Tuning Projects. (Currently January 2011 is booked with performance tuning projects and 40 other days are already booked throughout the year). Future The future is something one cannot exactly guess and one cannot see. I just want to wish all of you the very best for this coming New Year. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: About Me, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQLAuthority News – 5 days of SQL Server Reporting Service (SSRS) Summary

    - by Pinal Dave
    Earlier this week, I wrote five days series on SQL Server Reporting Service. The series is based on the book Beginning SSRS by Kathi Kellenberger. Supporting files are available with a free download from thewww.Joes2Pros.com web site. I just completed reading the book – it is a fantastic book and I am loving every bit of it. I new SSRS and I also knew how it is working however, I did not know was fine details of how I can get maximum out of the SSRS subject. This book has personally enabled me with the knowledge that I was missing in my knowledge back. Here is the question back to you – how many of you are working with SSRS and when you have a question you are left with no help online. There are not enough blogs or books available on this subject. The way Kathi has written this book is that it attempts to solve your day to day problem and make you think how you can take your daily problem and take it to the next level. Here is the article series which I have written on this subject and available to read: SQL SERVER – What is SSRS and Why SSRS is asked for in many Job Opening? Determine if SSRS 2012 is Installed on your SQL Server Installing SQL Server Data Tools and SSRS Create a Very First Report with the Report Wizard How to an Add Identity Column to Table in SQL Server Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL Tagged: Reporting Service, SSRS

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  • SQLAuthority News – Story of Seattle – SQLPASS 2011 Event Log

    - by pinaldave
    Just like every year I attended SQL PASS in Seattle earlier this month. The event was scheduled from Oct 11-14, 2011 in the convention center of the Seattle. I have been to Seattle more than 6 times so far so it is not a new city for me anymore. The city has always impressed me with its vibrant life and pleasant weather. Just like every other time, I had excellent experience once again in the city. Though I just arrived on the day of the event and left right after the event was over – I hardly visited Seattle – still some good experience to share. Here are few quick photographs from my quick trip of Seattle city. Skyline of Seattle Seattle Convention Center A Shop Tenzing Momo and Co at Pike St Market The Seattle Gum Wall Shoreline in Seattle Nigel and Paras First Starbucks (Relocated) People on Street of Seattle Food at Sandy’s – All Veg Well, this is a short summary of my extremely quick city tour of Seattle. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL PASS, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority Author Visit, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Get Free Books on While Learning SQL Server 2012 Error Handling

    - by pinaldave
    Fans of this blog are aware that I have recently released my new books SQL Server Functions and SQL Server 2012 Queries. The books are available in market in limited edition but you can avail them for free on Wednesday Nov 14, 2012. Not only they are free but you can additionally learn SQL Server 2012 Error Handling as well. My book’s co-author Rick Morelan is presenting a webinar tomorrow on SQL Server 2012 Error Handling. Here is the brief abstract of the webinar: People are often shocked when they see the demo in this talk where the first statement fails and all other statements still commit. For example, did you know that BEGIN TRAN…COMMIT TRAN is not enough to make everything work together? These mistakes can still happen to you in SQL Server 2012 if you are not aware of the options. Rick Morelan, creator of Joes2Pros, will teach you how to predict the Error Action and control it with & without structured error handling. Register for the webinar now to learn: How to predict the Error Action and control it Nuances between successful and failing SQL statements Essential SQL Server 2012 configuration options Register for the Webinar and be present during the webinar. My co-author will announce a winner (may be more than 1 winner) during the session. If you are present during the session – you are eligible to win the book. The webinar is scheduled for 2 different times to accommodate various time zones. 1) 10am ET/7am PT 2) 1pm ET/11am PT. Each webinar will have their own winner. You can increase your chances by attending both the webinars. Do not miss this opportunity and register for the webinar right now. The recordings of the webinar may not be available. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Joes 2 Pros, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority News, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Function to Round Up Time to Nearest Minutes Interval

    - by pinaldave
    Though I have written more than 2300 blog posts, I always find things which I have not covered earlier in this blog post. Recently I was asked if I have written a function which rounds up or down the time based on the minute interval passed to it. Well, not earlier but it is here today. Here is a very simple example of how one can do the same. ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[RoundTime] (@Time DATETIME, @RoundToMin INT) RETURNS DATETIME AS BEGIN RETURN ROUND(CAST(CAST(CONVERT(VARCHAR,@Time,121) AS DATETIME) AS FLOAT) * (1440/@RoundToMin),0)/(1440/@RoundToMin) END GO Above function needs two values. 1) The time which needs to be rounded up or down. 2) Time in minutes (the value passed here should be between 0 and 60 – if the value is incorrect the results will be incorrect.) Above function can be enhanced by adding functionalities like a) Validation of the parameters passed b) Accepting values like Quarter Hour, Half Hour etc. Here are few sample examples. SELECT dbo.roundtime1('17:29',30) SELECT dbo.roundtime1(GETDATE(),5) SELECT dbo.roundtime1('2012-11-02 07:27:07.000',15) When you run above code, it will return following results. Well, do you have any other way to achieve the same result? If yes, do share it here and I will be glad to share it on blog with due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DateTime, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Get Directory Structure using Extended Stored Procedure xp_dirtree

    - by pinaldave
    Many years ago I wrote article SQL SERVER – Get a List of Fixed Hard Drive and Free Space on Server where I demonstrated using undocumented Stored Procedure to find the drive letter in local system and available free space. I received question in email from reader asking if there any way he can list directory structure within the T-SQL. When I inquired more he suggested that he needs this because he wanted set up backup of the data in certain structure. Well, there is one undocumented stored procedure exists which can do the same. However, please be vary to use any undocumented procedures. xp_dirtree 'C:\Windows' Execution of the above stored procedure will give following result. If you prefer you can insert the data in the temptable and use the same for further use. Here is the quick script which will insert the data into the temptable and retrieve from the same. CREATE TABLE #TempTable (Subdirectory VARCHAR(512), Depth INT); INSERT INTO #TempTable (Subdirectory, Depth) EXEC xp_dirtree 'C:\Windows' SELECT Subdirectory, Depth FROM #TempTable; DROP TABLE #TempTable; Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Stored Procedure, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLServer, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Introduction to PERCENT_RANK() – Analytic Functions Introduced in SQL Server 2012

    - by pinaldave
    SQL Server 2012 introduces new analytical functions PERCENT_RANK(). This function returns relative standing of a value within a query result set or partition. It will be very difficult to explain this in words so I’d like to attempt to explain its function through a brief example. Instead of creating a new table, I will be using the AdventureWorks sample database as most developers use that for experiment purposes. Now let’s have fun following query: USE AdventureWorks GO SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderQty, RANK() OVER(ORDER BY SalesOrderID) Rnk, PERCENT_RANK() OVER(ORDER BY SalesOrderID) AS PctDist FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ORDER BY PctDist DESC GO The above query will give us the following result: Now let us understand the resultset. You will notice that I have also included the RANK() function along with this query. The reason to include RANK() function was as this query is infect uses RANK function and find the relative standing of the query. The formula to find PERCENT_RANK() is as following: PERCENT_RANK() = (RANK() – 1) / (Total Rows – 1) If you want to read more about this function read here. Now let us attempt the same example with PARTITION BY clause USE AdventureWorks GO SELECT SalesOrderID, OrderQty, ProductID, RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID ORDER BY ProductID ) Rnk, PERCENT_RANK() OVER(PARTITION BY SalesOrderID ORDER BY ProductID ) AS PctDist FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail s WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43670, 43669, 43667, 43663) ORDER BY PctDist DESC GO Now you will notice that the same logic is followed in follow result set. I have now quick question to you – how many of you know the logic/formula of PERCENT_RANK() before this blog post? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Function, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Convert Old Syntax of RAISEERROR to THROW

    - by Pinal Dave
    I have been quite a few comments on my Facebook page and here is one of the questions which instantly caught my attention. “We have a legacy application and it has been a long time since we are using SQL Server. Recently we have upgraded to the latest version of SQL Server and we are updating our code as well. Here is the question for you, there are plenty of places we have been using old style RAISEERROR code and now we want to convert it to use THROW. Would you please suggest a sample example for the same.” Very interesting question. THROW was introduced in SQL Server 2012 to handle the error gracefully and return the error message. Let us see quickly two examples of SQL Server 2012 and earlier version. Earlier Version of SQL Server BEGIN TRY SELECT 1/0 END TRY BEGIN CATCH DECLARE @ErrorMessage NVARCHAR(2000), @ErrorSeverity INT SELECT @ErrorMessage = ERROR_MESSAGE(), @ErrorSeverity = ERROR_SEVERITY() RAISERROR (@ErrorMessage, @ErrorSeverity, 1) END CATCH SQL Server 2012 and Latest Version BEGIN TRY SELECT 1/0 END TRY BEGIN CATCH THROW END CATCH That’s it! We are done! Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Error Messages, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • SQLAuthority News – Scaling Up Your Data Warehouse with SQL Server 2008 R2

    - by pinaldave
    Data Warehouses are suppose to be containing huge amount of the data from the beginning. However, there are cases when too big is not enough. Every Data Warehouse Admin will agree that they have faced situation where they will need to scale up their data warehouse. Microsoft has released white paper discussing the same. Here is the abstract from the Microsoft Official site: SQL Server 2008 introduced many new functional and performance improvements for data warehousing, and SQL Server 2008 R2 includes all these and more. This paper discusses how to use SQL Server 2008 R2 to get great performance as your data warehouse scales up. We present lessons learned during extensive internal data warehouse testing on a 64-core HP Integrity Superdome during the development of the SQL Server 2008 release, and via production experience with large-scale SQL Server customers. Our testing indicates that many customers can expect their performance to nearly double on the same hardware they are currently using, merely by upgrading to SQL Server 2008 R2 from SQL Server 2005 or earlier, and compressing their fact tables. We cover techniques to improve manageability and performance at high-scale, encompassing data loading (extract, transform, load), query processing, partitioning, index maintenance, indexed view (aggregate) management, and backup and restore. Scaling Up Your Data Warehouse with SQL Server 2008 R2 Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com)   Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Documentation, SQL Download, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – How to Change Compatibility of Database to SQL Server 2014

    - by Pinal Dave
    Yesterday I wrote about how we can install SQL Server 2014. Right after the blog post was live, I received a question from the developer that he has installed SQL Server 2014 and attached a database file from previous version of SQL Server. Right after attaching database, he was not able to work with the latest features of Cardinality Estimation. As soon as he sent me email I realize what has happened exactly. When he attached database, the database compatibility was set to still of the earlier version of SQL Server. To use most of the latest features of SQL Server 2014, one has to change the compatibility level of the database to the latest version (i.e. 120). Here are two different ways how we can change the compatibility of database to SQL Server 2014′s version. 1) Using Management Studio For this method first to go database and right click over it. Now select properties. On this screen user can change the compatibility level to 120. 2) Using T-SQL Script. You can execute following script and change the compatibility settings to 120. USE [master] GO ALTER DATABASE [AdventureWorks2012] SET COMPATIBILITY_LEVEL = 120 GO   Well, it is that easy :-) Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com)Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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  • SQLAuthority News – Free Trip on SQL Cruise

    - by pinaldave
    Everybody wants to go cruising.  I want to relax in a cruise as well, of course! (Anybody who wants to be my sponsor? Just kidding!) My family wants to go to a cruise, too. Even though I really want go to a cruise, I always wonder about one thing: what happens if I get bored on the cruise because I’d just look at the water most of the time? The best recommendation to avoid boredom on board is to travel with friends. How many friends usually accompany you when travelling? I have several good friends going on a cruise, and this is the reason why I want to go to SQL Cruise. One of them is Brent, who I consider as my friend. (Tim, you are my friend, too!) Now, we all have an opportunity to travel for free. Idera is offering a trip to SQL Cruise for FREE. To win a FREE SQL Cruise trip, you have to to do a very simple thing: just talk about How you saved the day You can tell your story via a video, photo, poem, or interpretive dance. If you refer to superheroes and Idera product, you will gain more credits to win. WHAT YOU CAN WIN: A 5-day cruise for two from Miami to Grand Cayman and Cozumel 1 seat in the SQLcruise training Airfare for two to Miami (up to $1000) Please read for further details over here. Make sure you participate and submit your entry within January 5 up to 21, 2011. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – Relationship with Parallelism with Locks and Query Wait – Question for You

    - by Pinal Dave
    Today, I have one very simple question based on following image. A full disclaimer is that I have no idea why it is like that. I tried to reach out to few of my friends who know a lot about SQL Server but no one has any answer. Here is the question: If you go to server properties and click on Advanced you will see the following screen. Under the Parallelism section if you noticed there are four options: Cost Threshold for Parallelism Locks Max Degree of Parallelism Query Wait I can clearly understand why Cost Threshold for Parallelism and Max Degree of Parallelism belongs to Parallelism but I am not sure why we have two other options Locks and Query Wait belongs to Parallelism section. I can see that the options are ordered alphabetically but I do not understand the reason for locks and query wait to list under Parallelism. Here is the question for you – Why Locks and Query Wait options are listed under Parallelism section in SQL Server Advanced Properties? Please leave a comment with your explanation. I will publish valid answers on this blog with due credit. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)   Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • SQL SERVER – 2012 – List All The Column With Specific Data Types in Database

    - by pinaldave
    5 years ago I wrote script SQL SERVER – 2005 – List All The Column With Specific Data Types, when I read it again, it is very much relevant and I liked it. This is one of the script which every developer would like to keep it handy. I have upgraded the script bit more. I have included few additional information which I believe I should have added from the beginning. It is difficult to visualize the final script when we are writing it first time. I use every script which I write on this blog, the matter of the fact, I write only those scripts here which I was using at that time. It is quite possible that as time passes by my needs are changing and I change my script. Here is the updated script of this subject. If there are any user data types, it will list the same as well. SELECT s.name AS 'schema', ts.name AS TableName, c.name AS column_name, c.column_id, SCHEMA_NAME(t.schema_id) AS DatatypeSchema, t.name AS Datatypename ,t.is_user_defined, t.is_assembly_type ,c.is_nullable, c.max_length, c.PRECISION, c.scale FROM sys.columns AS c INNER JOIN sys.types AS t ON c.user_type_id=t.user_type_id INNER JOIN sys.tables ts ON ts.OBJECT_ID = c.OBJECT_ID INNER JOIN sys.schemas s ON s.schema_id = t.schema_id ORDER BY s.name, ts.name, c.column_id I would be very interested to see your script which lists all the columns of the database with data types. If I am missing something in my script, I will modify it based on your comment. This way this page will be a good bookmark for the future for all of us. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DMV, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL System Table, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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