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• Issues with VPN functionality

  - by Xorandor

  I've been working on setting up VPN connectivity to our office location. We bought a Cisco WRV210 which have a builtin VPN server. Cisco has some software QuickVPN, which is not as quick and easy as I had thought. I've had mixed experiences on different machines with connecting. Instead I configured an IPSec VPN tunnel following a guide from TheGreenBow here http://www.thegreenbow.com/doc/tgbvpn_cg_linksys_wrv200_en.pdf I followed their instructions and tried out an evaluation of their software, and VPN connection should be working ok. I'm able to do RDP to a machine on the network (using IP address, not machine name) and ping the router etc. What I'm trying to solve are two things: It's not like I'm "really" on the network. Or at least I'm restricted to some degree when going through the VPN. I can't access a machine on the network using machine name, only IP. I can't ping a machine, but the router just fine. Could this be that something is not set up properly? If so, I can ofcourse supply additional information. Second, when I log onto the VPN, I would really like my outgoing connection to go through the internet connection of the remote location. Basically if I connect to the VPN I want my outgoing IP to be that of the remote location's (needed for some IP resctrictions on some of our servers). At a previous work location it worked like this when we connected to our office VPN over PPTP and the builtin windows VPN client. I'm not a huge expert on the topic, so any hints will be appreciated.

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• IPSec tunnelling with ISA Server 2000...

  - by Izhido

  Believe it or not, our corporate network still uses ISA Server 2000 (in a Windows Server 2003 machine) to enable / control Internet access to / from it. I was asked recently to configure that ISA Server to create a site-to-site VPN for a new branch in a office about 25 km. away from it. The idea is basically to enable not only computers, but also Palm devices (WiFi-enabled, of course), to be able to see other computers in both sites. I was also told that a simple VPN-enabled wireless AP/router (in this case, a Cisco WRV210 unit) should be enough to establish communications with the main office. To be fair, the router looks easy to configure; it was confusing at first, but further understanding of how site-to-site VPNs work cleared all doubts about it. Now I need to make modifications to our ISA Server in order to recognize the newly installed & configured "remote" VPN site. Thing is, either my Googling skills are pathethically horrible, or there doesn't seem to be much (or any, at all) information about how to configure an ISA Server 2000 for this purpose. Lots of stuff on 2004, of course; also, I think I saw something for 2006. But nothing I could find about 2000. Reading about 2004, it seems that the only way I can do site-on-site with a Cisco router (read: a non-ISA-Server machine) is through something they call a "IPSec tunnel". Fair enough. However, I can't figure for the life of me how could I even start to find, leave alone configure, such a thing. Do you, people, happen to know how to do IPSec tunelling on a ISA Server 2000, so I can connect to a Cisco WRV210 VPN-enabled router, and build a site-to-site VPN for both networks? Or is this not possible at all? (Meaning I should change anything in this configuration to make it work...)

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• Could local ISP capture my location whenever i launch a VPN to a VPN server?

  - by Ozgun Sunal

  I am extremely concerned that my ISP collects any information once I am connected to a VPN server. For instance, as far as I know, when I start a connection to a HotSpotShield VPN server, an IP address is assigned to me just before a successful connection. Besides, I'll be having an extra IP address at the beginning with the TAP Adapter. An encryption tunnel is set up between me and the VPN server. Whenever my request for a website reaches them (VPN server), they decrypt the data and later they encrypt the reply which returns from the web (targeted) server. This works like that. So, the ISP can not see what I am watching, displaying and writing because the connection is encrypted. But, the targeted websites see and record all actions. Still, they can not identify my real IP address. I'm really concerned about if the ISP can see "my location". OK, it has an IP address from another country as my real IP address, but how does my ISP detect the traffic going through them? Can they find out who I am? Won't they say "Hey, there is a traffic but who is and what he is doing right now?", because I get the Internet from them?

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• OpenSWAN KLIPS not working

  - by bonzi

  I am trying to setup IPSec between 2 VM launched by OpenNebula. I'm using OpenSWAN for that. This is the ipsec.conf file config setup oe=off interfaces=%defaultroute protostack=klips conn host-to-host left=10.141.0.135 # Local IP address connaddrfamily=ipv4 leftrsasigkey=key right=10.141.0.132 # Remote IP address rightrsasigkey=key ike=aes128 # IKE algorithms (AES cipher) esp=aes128 # ESP algorithns (AES cipher) auto=add pfs=yes forceencaps=yes type=tunnel I'm able to establish the connection with netkey but klips doesnt work. ipsec barf shows #71: ERROR: asynchronous network error report on eth0 (sport=500) for message to 10.141.0.132 port 500, complainant 10.141.0.135: No route to host [errno 113, origin ICMP type 3 code 1 (not authenticated)] Tcpdump shows 22:50:20.592685 IP 10.141.0.132.isakmp > 10.141.0.135.isakmp: isakmp: phase 1 I ident 22:50:25.602182 ARP, Request who-has 10.141.0.135 tell 10.141.0.132, length 46 22:50:26.602082 ARP, Request who-has 10.141.0.135 tell 10.141.0.132, length 46 22:50:27.601985 ARP, Request who-has 10.141.0.135 tell 10.141.0.132, length 46 ipsec eroute shows 0 10.141.0.135/32 -> 10.141.0.132/32 => %trap What could be the problem?

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• iptables configuration under ubuntu

  - by aioobe

  I'm following a tutorial on setting up a dns-tunnel. I've run into the following instruction: Now you need to enable forwarding on this server. I use iptables to implement masquerading. There are many HOWTOs about this (a simple one, for example). On Debian, the configuration file for iptables is in /var/lib/iptables/active. The relevant bit is: *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [6:1596] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [1:76] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [1:76] -A POSTROUTING -s 10.0.0.0/8 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT Restart iptables: /etc/init.d/iptables restart The problem is that I don't have any /var/lib/iptables/active. (I'm on ubuntu.) How can I accomplish this? I suspect that I should just interact with the iptables command somehow but I have no clue what to write. Best would probably be if I could put the commands in a script somehow I suppose. (A side-note. If I execute a few iptables-commands it wont be there for ever, right? The rules will be discarded on reboot?)

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• xauth, ssh and missing home directory

  - by flolo

  We have several servers, and normaly everything works fine, except now... we get a new aircondition installed. This takes 36 hours and for this time almost all servers got shutdown, only 2 remaining servers run for the most important tasks (i.e. accepting incoming email, delivering some important websites, login-server). Everybody was informed that when they need appropiate data from the homedirs they should fetch it before take down. Long story short: Someone realized that he have run a certain program on one of the servers. No Problem, he can remote login into our login server and run the programm there without home directory (binaries are local and necessary information can be copied to the /tmp). That works like a charm until... ... the user needs to run a GUI programm. I find no easy way to make it running, usually ssh -Y honk@loginserver is enough but now the homedirectory is missing and ssh is not able to copy the cookies into ~/.Xauthority (as the file server with the home directories is down). Paranoid as all systemadmins all X-Server just listen locally not on tcp ports, so no remote X connection possible SSH config is waterproof - i.e. no way to set environment variables. My Problem is, that the generated proxy MIT cookie from ssh get lost as the .Xauthority doesnt exist. If I could retrieve it somehow I could reenter it a .Xauthority in /tmp. The only other option (besides changing the config) which came to my mind is, makeing a tunnel (netcat, or better ssh) from the remote host to the loginserver and copy the cookie manually (not sure if it the tcp-unix domain socket stuff works as expected). Any good suggestions (for the future - now our servers are already up)?

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• IPv6 working fine, IPv4 throws OpenSSL error

  - by jippie

  I am building a webserver ( http://blog.linformatronics.nl/ ), which functions just fine on both IPv4 and IPv6 and when using a non-SSL connection. However when I connect to it through https, IPv6 works as expected, but an IPv4 connection throws a client side error. Server side logs are empty for the IPv4/https connection. Summarized in a table: | http | https -----+-------+------------------------------------------------------- IPv4 | works | OpenSSL error, failed. No server side logging. -----+-------+------------------------------------------------------- IPv6 | works | self signed certificate warning, but works as expected Apparently the SSL tunnel isn't even set up, which accounts for the Apache logs being empty. But why does it work fine for IPv6 and fail for IPv4? My question is why is this OpenSSL error being thrown and how can I solve it? Below is some extra information about the setup. IPv6 https Command used to reproduce IPv6/https behaviour: $ wget --no-check-certificate -O /dev/null -6 https://blog.linformatronics.nl --2012-11-03 15:46:48-- https://blog.linformatronics.nl/ Resolving blog.linformatronics.nl (blog.linformatronics.nl)... 2001:980:1b7f:1:a00:27ff:fea6:a2e7 Connecting to blog.linformatronics.nl (blog.linformatronics.nl)|2001:980:1b7f:1:a00:27ff:fea6:a2e7|:443... connected. WARNING: cannot verify blog.linformatronics.nl's certificate, issued by `/CN=localhost': Self-signed certificate encountered. WARNING: certificate common name `localhost' doesn't match requested host name `blog.linformatronics.nl'. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 4556 (4.4K) [text/html] Saving to: `/dev/null' 100%[=======================================================================>] 4,556 --.-K/s in 0s 2012-11-03 15:46:49 (62.5 MB/s) - `/dev/null' saved [4556/4556] IPv4 https Command used to reproduce IPv6/https behaviour: $ wget --no-check-certificate -O /dev/null -4 https://blog.linformatronics.nl --2012-11-03 15:47:28-- https://blog.linformatronics.nl/ Resolving blog.linformatronics.nl (blog.linformatronics.nl)... 82.95.251.247 Connecting to blog.linformatronics.nl (blog.linformatronics.nl)|82.95.251.247|:443... connected. OpenSSL: error:140770FC:SSL routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:unknown protocol Unable to establish SSL connection. Notes I am on Ubuntu Server 12.04.1 LTS

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• VPN on a ubuntu server limited to certain ips

  - by Hultner

  I got an server running Ubuntu Server 9.10 and I need access to it and other parts of my network sometimes when not at home. There's two places I need to access the VPN from. One of the places to an static IP and the other got an dynamic but with DynDNS setup so I can always get the current IP if I want to. Now when it comes to servers people call me kinda paranoid but security is always my number one priority and I never like to allow access to the server outside the network therefor I have two things I have to have on this VPN. One it shouldn't be accessiable from any other IP then these 2 and two it has to use a very secure key so it will be virtually impossible to bruteforce even from the said IP´s. I have no experience what so ever in setting up VPNs, I have used SSH tunneling but never an actuall VPN. So what would be the best, most stable, safest and performance effiecent way to set this up on a Ubuntu Server? Is it possible or should I just set up some kind of SSH Tunnel instead? Thanks on beforehand for answers.

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• Howto disable SSH local port forwarding ?

  - by SCO

  I have a server running Ubuntu and the OpenSSH daemon. Let's call it S1. I use this server from client machines (let's call one of them C1) to do an SSH reverse tunnel by using remote port forwarding, eg : ssh -R 1234:localhost:23 login@S1 On S1, I use the default sshd_config file. From what I can see, anyone having the right credentials {login,pwd} on S1 can log into S1 and either do remote port forwarding and local port forwarding. Such credentials could be a certificate in the future, so in my understanding anyone grabbing the certificate can log into S1 from anywhere else (not necessarily C1) and hence create local port forwardings. To me, allowing local port forwarding is too dangerous, since it allows to create some kind of public proxy. I'm looking for a way tto disable only -L forwardings. I tried the following, but this disables both local and remote forwarding : AllowTcpForwarding No I also tried the following, this will only allow -L to SX:1. It's better than nothing, but still not what I need, which is a "none" option. PermitOpen SX:1 So I'm wondering if there is a way, so that I can forbid all local port forwards to write something like : PermitOpen none:none Is the following a nice idea ? PermitOpen localhost:1

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• Port 5357 TCP on Windows 7 professional 64 bit?

  - by Registered

  Is there a reason this port is open, a quick Nmap scan and Nessus scan reveal it's open, why? Are there any ramifications if I close this port via the firewall rule set? Or does anyone here now more info about this port besides Google? WTF? 1)http://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/who-left-tunnel-door-open-windows-firewall-vista-0 I know the talk is about Vista, but I am pretty sure it's the same port on 7, also. 2)Port 5357 common errors:The port is vulnerable to info leak problems allowing it to be accessed remotely by malicious authors. (Web Services for Devices) I am blocking this crap, if I have issues will just re-enable. Damn windows. Inbound rule for Network Discovery to allow WSDAPI Events via Function Discovery. [TCP 5357] You just got blocked, until I break something, will see. Time to re-Nmap and re-Nessus. Nmap scan 0 open ports after closing Port 5357,Win7 still works for now, one more scan with Nessus just to make sure all is well.

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• How to connect to a remote server and run some code on that particular server?

  - by seedeg

  I am implementing an automated backup scheme so I created a shell script which first creates SQL Dumps for all MySQL databases, then it retrieves all the websites from the /var/www of a remote server. The latter is working as I am using rsync to get the remote files. However, obviously, the MySQL dumps being retrieved are the ones on the local server which is not what I want. I want to get the SQL Dumps from the remote server as well. I have a tunnel between the local and remote server which I can connect without using any password (I added the public key to the authorized_hosts), so I tried to add the following code to the script: ssh [email protected] Then I tried to retrieve the SQL dumps and then I exit from the remote server. However this does not work as I still have to enter exit manually in the terminal for the SQL dumps to be retrieved from the remote host. I don't know why this is happening. Basically this is what the script is trying to do: //connect to remote server ssh [email protected] //retrieve SQL dumps //code to retrieve... //exit from remote server exit //use rsync to get remote files of /var/www from local server (working) Is there a way to connect to the remote host AND run the script's code ON THAT remote host? Many thanks in advance

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• Should I expect ICMP transit traffic to show up when using debug ip packet with a mask on a Cisco IOS router?

  - by David Bullock

  So I am trying to trace an ICMP conversation between 192.168.100.230/32 an EZVPN interface (Virtual-Access 3) and 192.168.100.20 on BVI4. # sh ip access-lists 199 10 permit icmp 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 host 192.168.100.20 20 permit icmp host 192.168.100.20 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 # sh debug Generic IP: IP packet debugging is on for access list 199 # sh ip route | incl 192.168.100 192.168.100.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, BVI4 S 192.168.100.230/32 [1/0] via x.x.x.x, Virtual-Access3 # sh log | inc Buff Buffer logging: level debugging, 2145 messages logged, xml disabled, Log Buffer (16384 bytes): OK, so from my EZVPN client with IP address 192.168.100.230, I ping 192.168.100.20. I know the packet reaches the router across the VPN tunnel, because: policy exists on zp vpn-to-in Zone-pair: vpn-to-in Service-policy inspect : acl-based-policy Class-map: desired-traffic (match-all) Match: access-group name my-acl Inspect Number of Half-open Sessions = 1 Half-open Sessions Session 84DB9D60 (192.168.100.230:8)=>(192.168.100.20:0) icmp SIS_OPENING Created 00:00:05, Last heard 00:00:00 ECHO request Bytes sent (initiator:responder) [64:0] Class-map: class-default (match-any) Match: any Drop 176 packets, 12961 bytes But I get no debug log, and the debugging ACL hasn't matched: # sh log | inc IP: # # sh ip access-lists 198 Extended IP access list 198 10 permit icmp 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 host 192.168.100.20 20 permit icmp host 192.168.100.20 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 Am I going crazy, or should I not expect to see this debug log? Thanks!

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• I want to use OpenVPN to access the web and email from China. How?

  - by gaoshan88

  My question: How do I use my already existing OpenVPN setup to enable secure, remote web surfing and email checking from open wireless hotspots? Some long winded details: I am running Ubuntu and have OpenVPN up and working fine as a server. My client machine connects fine as well. However, that just gets me a secure connection to my home network. What I want is to be able to access my VPN server and surf the web or check email securely from anywhere with an open wireless connection. I am frequently in China and having secure, unblocked access would be a boon (especially since I like to work from tea houses and coffee shops and I've already had a password sniffed and hacked once). I already know how to tunnel over SSH via a SOCKS proxy using something like: ssh -ND 8887 -p 22 [email protected] but since I have OpenVPN I figure why not try it? So... what are the steps involved in making it so I can connect to my VPN and the surf and check mail to my hearts content (slowly to be sure but at least it wold be secure). Thx!

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• In Icinga (Nagios), how do I configure hosts with multiple IPs?

  - by gertvdijk

  I'm setting up Icinga (Nagios fork) and I have some machines with multiple interfaces. Some services are only listening on one of them and to check them correctly, I like to know if it's possible to have multiple IP addresses configured for a single host in Icinga. Here's a minimal example: Remote Server: eth0: 1.2.3.4 (public IP) eth1: 10.1.2.3 (private IP, secure tunnel) Apache listening on 1.2.3.4:80. (public only) OpenSSH listening on 10.1.2.3:22. (internal network only) Postfix SMTP listening on 0.0.0.0:25 (all interfaces) Icinga Server: eth0: 10.2.3.4 (private IP, internet access) Now if I define a host: define host { use generic-host host_name server1 alias server1.gertvandijk.net address 10.1.2.3 } This will not check the HTTP status correctly. And defining an additional host: define host { use generic-host host_name server1-public alias server1.gertvandijk.net address 1.2.3.4 } will check everything, but shows up as two independent hosts. Now I want to 'aggregate' these two hosts to show up as a single host, yet providing an easy configuration to check the services on their proper address. What is the most elegant number-of-configuration-lines-saving solution to this? I read about several plugins available to workaround this, but I can't figure out what is the current way to address it. Solutions go back to 2003, but I'm running Icinga 1.7.1, already capable of the address6 option, yet that triggers IPv6-only resolving on the hostname... Ideally, I wish to configure Icinga to be intelligent enough to know that the Postfix instance running on 10.1.2.3:25 is the same as 1.2.3.4:25 and thus not triggering two alarms. I guess this must have been tackled before and sysadmins have it set up now. Please share your solution to this. Thanks! :)

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• Configuring IE to resolve DNS at the proxy rather than locally.

  - by dankilman

  With the intention of tunneling web traffic through an SSH connection, the following has been done: I've manually configured a PAC file in IE7 in the LAN Settings dialog. I've verified that traffic is routed through my SSH tunnel that is setup for SOCKS5 dynamic port forwarding. I see that IE7 is always trying to resolve the name locally first. What I'm looking for is the ability to have the DNS name resolved at the proxy, rather than locally by the browser. There's a setting in Firefox that specifies DNS remote resolution, and Safari does it automatically. I've verified correct operation for these 2 other browsers. It would be nice if I could get IE to work also. This is for reference so you could understand where does the question originate from. Notice: The question was actually found by the help of google but with no answers available. Considering how it is exactly my question I figured I should just copy/paste over here because I don't think I could describe any better (there is a small introduction though).

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• Cisco ASA site-to-site vpn not initiating phase 1 (not sending udp 500 packets)

  - by Sean Steadman

  I am hoping someone here can help me with my problem. I am trying to setup an IPSEC site-to-site VPN between two cisco ASA 5520's in GNS3 (both using 8.4.2). I have been unsuccesful in getting the tunnel up and it appears neither ASA is sending packets out,in regards to phase 1 and phase 2 (tested by using wireshark and seeing NO udp 500 packets). Doing show ipsec sa and such shows nothing. CALIFORNIA(config)# show ipsec sa There are no ipsec sas FLA-ASA# show ipsec sa There are no ipsec sas I will attach both configurations in two different pastebin files as to keep this post a bit cleaner. Essentially California side has 172.20.1.0/24 and Florida side has 10.10.10.0/24. California ASA config: http://pastebin.com/v0pngYzF Florida ASA config: http://pastebin.com/E2geybta Please let me know if there is any other vital information that could help. I have gotten IPSEC tunnels to work using openSwan (linux) and cisco routers but cannot for the life of me get ASA IPSEC tunnels to work. The ASDM is out of the question I only use cli. Thanks for any useful help!

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• dom0 enable IPv6 for guests

  - by user98651

  I am looking at deploying IPv6 to my virtual machines. Right now I have v6 working great on the dom0 using a 6in4 provided by Hurricane Electric as I do not have native v6. However, I would like to distribute some of the /48 I am receiving to the domUs (/64 per machine would be ideal, but I am open to your suggestions). Static configuration on the domU side is fine. All I want to accomplish is getting the traffic to pass through the dom0 to the domU. To say the least, I'm still trying to wrap my head around all the virtual interfaces and bridges Xen creates. Yes, I have Googled around for this a bit and have not found anything great. I tried using two "vif-route6" bash scripts with no luck (possibly due to my ignorance with Xen networking). I am still stuck (mainly in how to configure the dom0). I would like to imagine this problem is relatively easy to solve and I look forward to your suggestions and help! Edited post to clarify my end goal: getting IPv6 to domU guests. I am completely open to suggestions but am hoping for something other than setting up a tunnel for every guest.

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• Slow RDP after server joins domain

  - by Chris Grove

  We're having RDP issues with Amazon cloud servers that we recently joined to an Active Directory domain. The setup is: A local office network A virtual private cloud in Amazon An IPSec tunnel between the two networks A number of Windows 2008 R2 servers on both networks An AD domain (call it abc.net), with one domain controller in each network. The domain controllers are both new, fresh installs. Before we had the domain set up we had local accounts for the cloud computers which were used for RDP access. Our idea was to get all of the servers on to the domain so we could use domain logins instead of per-server local logins. Before the cloud servers were in the domain, RDP (from the office network or through a VPN to the cloud) worked great. After we joined the cloud servers to the domain, RDP from the office became very slow - a few minutes to log in, long frequent pauses when the interface is unresponsive, generally just a slow and frustrating experience. This is a problem regardless of whether a domain or local login is used for RDP. Oddly, when outside of the office network and connecting to the cloud directly with the VPN, RDP is still very responsive. Any idea why RDP from office to cloud is suddenly very slow after the cloud servers join the domain? What can I look at in our configuration to address this? Any help is greatly appreciated.

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• Does Active Directory on Server 2003 R2 support IPv6 subnets in Sites and Services?

  - by NorbyTheGeek

  I've been experimenting with IPv6 at our organization. The domain controllers (all 2003 R2) and most of the servers (2003 R2 / 2008 / 2008 R2) have IPv6 configured. We have a subnet assigned through a tunnel provider. Currently, the only workstation that is running IPv6 is mine. (Windows 7) I have been noticing that my workstation is picking domain controllers in other sites for things like DFS, and I finally realized that I don't have the IPv6 subnets set up in Active Directory Sites and Services (ADSS). But when I try to add a IPv6 prefix in ADSS, it tells me: Windows cannot create the object 2001:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx::/64 because: The object name has bad syntax. I believe I may be using the 2008 version of the admin tools (ADSS reports version 6.1.7601.17514) so I'm wondering if maybe my 2003 R2 Active Directory schema doesn't support configuring IPv6 subnets in ADSS. Is this true? UPDATE Even with 2008 R2 schema in Active Directory, I'm having the same problem. How can I get my IPv6 subnets into Sites and Services?

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• Advertise a subnet route with radvd

  - by Thomas Berger

  we have set up a small IPv6 Testing network. The setup looks like this: ::/0 +----------+ | Firewall | Router to the public net +----------+ | 2001:...::/106 | +----------+ +-------| SIT GW | sit Tunnel gatway to the some test users | +----------+ | +----------+ | Test Sys | Testsystem +----------+ The idea is to advertise the default route from the firewall and the route for the SIT subnets from the sit gateway. The configurations for radvd are: # Firewall interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; route ::/0 { }; }; # SIT Gatway interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; route 2001:...::/106 { }; }; We have captured the adv. packages with tcpdump and the packages looks good. We see a default route from the fw, and the subnet route from the SIT gatway. But if we look on the testsystem there are two default routes over both gateways. There is no subnet route. The routing does not work of course. Here the routes we get: 2001:.....::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 fe80::/64 dev eth0 proto kernel metric 256 mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 4294967295 default via fe80::baac:6fff:fe8e:XXXX dev eth0 proto kernel metric 1024 expires 0sec mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 64 default via fe80::e415:aeff:fe12:XXXX dev eth0 proto kernel metric 1024 expires 0sec mtu 1500 advmss 1440 hoplimit 64 Any Idea?

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• How can I automatically synchronize a directory tree on multiple machines?

  - by Blacklight Shining

  I have two Mac laptops and a Debian server, each with a directory that I would like to keep in sync between the three. The solution should meet the following criteria (in rough order of importance): It must not use any third-party service (e.g. Dropbox, SugarSync, Google whatever). This does not include installing additional software (as long as it's free). It must not require me to use specific directories or change my way of storing things. (Dropbox does this IIRC) It must work in all directions (changes made on /any/ machine should be pushed to the others) All data sent must be encrypted (I have ssh keypairs set up already) It must work even when not all machines are available (changes should be pushed to a machine when it comes back online) It must work even when the /directories/ on some machines are not available (they may be stored on disk images which will not always be mounted) This can be solved for Macs by using launchd to automatically launch and kill (or in some way change the behavior of) whatever daemon is used for syncing when the images are mounted and unmounted. It must be immediate (using an event-based system, not a periodic one like cron) It must be flexible (if more machines are added, I should be able to incorporate them easily) I also have some preferences that I would like to be fulfilled, but do not have to be: It should notify me somehow if there are conflicts or other errors. It should recognize symbolic and hard links and create corresponding ones. It should allow me to create a list of exceptions (subdirectories which will not be synced at all). It should not require me to set up port forwarding or otherwise reconfigure a network. This can be solved by using an ssh tunnel with reverse port forwarding. If you have a solution that meets some, but not all of the criteria, please contribute it in the comments as it might be useful in some way, and it might be possible to meet some of the criteria separately. What I tried, and why it didn't work: rsync and lsyncd do not support bidirectional synchronization csync2 is designed for server clusters and does not appear to work with machines with dynamic IPs DRBD (suggested by amotzg) involves installing a kernel module and does not appear to work on systems running OS X

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• Routing public IPs (each a /32) through a VPN to another server

  - by Lee S

  Hopefully the title makes sense; I have a server currently in a colo facility, with many IP addresses routed to it. They are individual IPs and not in a contiguous block. Due to vastly improved connectivity (fibre) at home I am slowly bringing my infrastructure in-house for managability and eventually, cost savings. What I would like to do though is use the IP addresses allocated to my existing server, at home. I have an IP block allocated to me on my new ISP connection, but for a couple of reasons I'd like to make use of the colo ones for now: Ease of transition - lots of domains, dns, hard-coded IPs in programs, etc. Connectivity fallback. If my primary line goes down and switches to fallback 1 (dsl) or fallback 2 (4G), I lose access to the ISP-allocated IP block of IPs that are only presented on the primary WAN interface. What I'd like to achieve is my home virtualisation server (Proxmox/Debian-based) "dials in" to the colo server in the colo facility (also Proxmox/Debian) via VPN or similar, and gets to make use of the IP addresses that currently terminate on the colo box. If the primary connection to my ISP goes down and one of the fallback routes kicks in, the VPN tunnel will just time out and then be re-established on the backup connection instead. I'm sure this is doable, but I have no idea how. I'm not afraid to get my hands dirty, I just don't really know where to start?

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• Open an X application going through many hoops (SSH, vpn etc)

  - by ??O?????

  The players: my home computer, running Linux with an X server running. (Call it HOME.) a remote site, to which I can connect over the internet using a VPN. (SITE) a Linux computer at the remote site, to which I can connect with ssh -X and nicely have X clients displaying on my local server. (MIDDLE) a very old Irix machine (an Onyx) at the remote site, which has no SSH server (therefore I can't ssh -X to it), only an ssh client. (ONYX) Purpose I need to run an X11 application on the ONYX machine, and see the GUI on HOME. I think I stumble upon xauth issues. So far The current situation is: ? HOME connects to SITE ? A vncserver starts on MIDDLE:7 ? vncviewer on HOME connects to vncserver on MIDDLE ? ONYX starts a forwarding ssh session to MIDDLE: ssh -TfN -L 6007:127.0.0.1:6007 MIDDLE ? DISPLAY=localhost:7 xclient on ONYX fails with Xlib: connection to "127.0.0.1:7.0" refused by server I do know that the forwarding (6007:127.0.0.1:6007) succeeds. A previous attempt was: ? HOME connects to SITE ? HOME connects to MIDDLE: ssh -X MIDDLE (xclock displays on HOME, DISPLAY is 127.0.0.1:10) ? ONYX starts an SSH tunnel to MIDDLE: ssh -TfN -L 6010:127.0.0.1:6010 MIDDLE ? DISPLAY=127.0.0.1:10 xclient fails with X connection to 127.0.0.1:10.0 broken (explicit kill or server shutdown). while an error pops up in the MIDDLE session: X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication. Despair How can I achieve my purpose?

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• Basic IPTables setup for OpenVPN/HTTP/HTTPS server

  - by Afronautica

  I'm trying to get a basic IPTables setup on my server which will allow HTTP/SSH access, as well as enable the use of the server as an OpenVPN tunnel. The following is my current rule setup - the problem is OpenVPN queries (port 1194) seemed to be getting dropped as a result of this ruleset. Pinging a website while logged into the VPN results in teh response: Request timeout for icmp_seq 1 92 bytes from 10.8.0.1: Destination Port Unreachable When I clear the IPTable rules pinging from the VPN works fine. Any ideas? iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -p tcp --dport 1194 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i ! lo -d 127.0.0.0/8 -j REJECT iptables -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -j REJECT iptables -A FORWARD -j REJECT

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• How to handle OpenVPN client as a service, when the laptop is physically on the network already?

  - by James

  The Setup I've gotten OpenVPN working on our Windows XP laptops. Users are limited, so I went ahead and set OpenVPN client to run as a service, which is great anyway because that means they are on the VPN before logging in, so login scripts work, plus we can do remote support even if the user can not log in (such as connecting via VNC or resetting passwords). It is also configured to send all traffic over the tunnel, so when, for example, they browse the internet it is just like browsing from our corporate network. The Qestion(s) So, I'm wondering how does the OpenVPN client act when the computer is already physically on the same network as the OpenVPN server? Right now, the client is configured to connect the the public dns name which will resolve to the public ip address which will NOT get reflected back to the OpenVPN server, so it is affectively blocked from connecting to the OpenVPN server while on the network. Is that a good thing? Or will it constantly try to connect, using up system resources and network resources? We will likely have hundreds of laptops regularly on the physical network with this, so it could contribute to a lot of unnecessary network chatter. Alternatively Would it be better to have the firewall reflect the port back to the OpenVPN server and let it connect? Or have our internal dns resolve the name to the private ip and allow them to connect directly? Would traffic then go over the vpn connection (which I do not want, when already on the physical network)? Or is it possible to tell it to ignore the connection when the client and server are already on the same network? TLDR What's a sane way of handling OpenVPN client running as an always-on service when the client and server will often be on the same network?

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