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  • Spring 3.0: Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace

    - by Nick Hristov
    My setup is fairly simple: I have a web front-end, back-end is spring-wired. I am using AOP to add a layer of security on my rpc services. It's all good, except for the fact that the web app aborts on launch: [java] SEVERE: Context initialization failed [java] org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop] [java] Offending resource: ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/gwthandler-servlet.xml] Here is the snippet from my xml config file: <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd"> <aop:config> <aop:aspect id="security" ref="securityAspect" > <aop:pointcut id="securedServices" expression="@annotation(com.fb.boog.common.aspects.Secured)"/> <aop:before method="checkSecurity" pointcut-ref="securedServices"/> </aop:aspect> </aop:config> I read over the internets that it may be my classloading the core of the problem. Doubtful, since here is my WEB-INF/lib directory: ./WEB-INF/lib ./WEB-INF/lib/aopalliance-alpha1.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/aspectj-1.6.6.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/commons-collections.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/commons-logging.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/ehcache-core-1.7.0.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/ejb3-persistence.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/antlr.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/asm.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/bsh-2.0b1.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/cglib.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/dom4j.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/freemarker.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/hibernate-annotations.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/hibernate-shards.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/hibernate-tools.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/hibernate.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/hibernate/jtidy-r8-20060801.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/jabsorb ./WEB-INF/lib/jabsorb/jabsorb-1.3.1.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/jta.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/jyaml-1.3.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/postgresql-8.4-701.jdbc4.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/sjsxp.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.aop-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.asm-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.aspects-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.beans-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.context-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.context.support-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.core-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.expression-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.instrument-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.instrument.tomcat-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.jdbc-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.jms-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.orm-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.oxm-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.test-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.transaction-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.web-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.web.portlet-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.web.servlet-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/spring/org.springframework.web.struts-3.0.0.RELEASE.jar ./WEB-INF/lib/testng-5.11-jdk15.jar ./WEB-INF/web.xml

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  • Web Service to connect to an API and get the response back from the API

    - by Scarlette_June
    This is a general Programming question I'm new to Java Web services programming using Apache Axis and JAX-RPC. We need to build 2 components,a App engine (Shopping cart, Payment Gateway integration etc..) and a UI Control Panel over an existing API. The API understands only XML.How we must communicate with the API? link text We have been asked to write a Web Service to establish the communication. Please provide the steps and a Code example/snippet on how to connect to an existing API through a Webservice and get the response back from the API to the calling Webservice. John,I hope I have been able to explain my query.If you have ideas on how to communicate with the API to get the desired result to the user,Please let us know. We have just started our careers in technology a year back post our graduation and this project is our very first Java EE project.

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  • iPhone - Native App GeoLocation VS Web App GeoLocation

    - by Sam
    Here's my situation; I've built a very simple web app that looks up a users location and plots it on a Google map. Here's my code: http://pastebin.com/d3a185efd When I test it, my location is detected as being = 500 meters from where I actually stand. BUT When I open up Google Maps or Gowalla my location is correct to within <20 meters? So my question is: Do native iPhone apps benefit from a higher accuracy rate than web apps? If so, why?

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  • Ideas for web development practical jokes?

    - by Ellie P.
    I am a web developer for a Django-based site for a student organization, and I have the opportunity to make the website temporarily absurd for a day of general campus-wide debauchery and chaos (long story, doesn't matter.) What are your best ideas for web development practical jokes (that you could never use in the real world)? For example, one idea we had was to use a client-side script to convert each character to its upside down equivalent in Unicode, si?? ??i? ?ui????os. I'm not necessarily looking for Django-specific solutions. I imagine most of these things would happen on the front-end. I am also quite aware that usability will suffer considerably--the point is to be fun for a day, and there will always be a link to the normal version of the site. Also, everything must be relatively cosmetic and easily reversible--I'm happy to swap out static CSS/JS/HTML/templates/images, and even temporarily add a django view, but no messing with the data level!

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  • Microsoft Expression Web 3 clipboard bug

    - by Ghostrider
    There seems to be a rather annoying bug in MS Expression Web 3 (or perhaps an incompatibility with something else I have installed). Quite often HTML code editor would refuse to copy things into clipboard. You select some text, press Ctrl-C, Ctrl-Insert or use context menu and nothing happens. Then in 10..15 seconds it would start working again... Then again it would not work. It's rather annoying. Does anyone else have such a problem or knows how to fix it? I'm running Microsoft Expression Web 3 Service Pack 1 Version 3.0.3813.0 on Windows 7 Ultimate x64 with all latest updates and patches. I have Russian keyboard layout installed. Other than that my system is pretty much plain vanilla.

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  • Client Side Development - In Process/Completed Indicator Preferences?

    - by Brian
    Hello, I have been doing more client-side development, managing the UI on the client and submitting data to the server via web service calls. I'm not looking for implementation details, but was curious on developer preferences for displaying an operation in process and what to display when completed or even failed. As a for instance, just for clarification sake, what if you are submitting a profile form's data to a web service. I want to display that something's happening to the user, and give them a message that the form submitted successfully. I've in the past used a twitter-style message (that appears at the top), modal dialogs... I was curious what worked for others and any advice (what did the users like/not like, etc.). Again, technical details aren't needed. Thanks.

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  • Static web project in Visual Web Developer Express

    - by Charlie boy
    I am about to develop a sort of web application using only static files (eg. html, js & css). Is there a way to start this sort of project in Visual Web Developer Express? I want to have all the niceties with intellisense, sulution explorer and whatnot but I don't want all of the ASP.net structure in the sulution. Is thiss possible or is there perhaps another IDE for this kind of project? Thanks!

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  • Web-To-Print - What technology should I explore? Web-Content -> drag & drop to Templates -> PDF

    - by hamlin11
    I'm discussing some software design issues with a potential client and the idea of Web-to-Print technology has come up. We need users to be able to drag images from an image library to various regions defined by a template. Example: Images may go in box A, B, or C and text may go in boxes D or E. These templates would be setup Boxes A through E would be defined inside a template by administrators using some sort of editor. These templates would serve as a mapping from web-content to a PDF. Once users drag images and insert text in the appropriate regions of the template, the result will be converted into a PDF. Is this feasible these days with jquery & asp.net? That would be nice. If not, what would be the ideal solution?

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  • how can we use AsynCallback method of web service in asp.net

    - by sameer
    Hi All, I was going through the proxy class which is generated using wsdl.exe found the asyncmethod like BeginAsynXXX() and EndAsyncXXX(). i understood how to utilize them on Windows application but i was wondering how can we use them in Web Application built using asp.net here is the code for web service client build as windows application.can any tell me how we can do this with web application. using System; using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging; using MyFactorize; class TestCallback { public static void Main(){ long factorizableNum = 12345; PrimeFactorizer pf = new PrimeFactorizer(); //Instantiate an AsyncCallback delegate to use as a parameter //in the BeginFactorize method. AsyncCallback cb = new AsyncCallback(TestCallback.FactorizeCallback); // Begin the Async call to Factorize, passing in our // AsyncCalback delegate and a reference // to our instance of PrimeFactorizer. IAsyncResult ar = pf.BeginFactorize(factorizableNum, cb, pf); // Keep track of the time it takes to complete the async call // as the call proceeds. int start = DateTime.Now.Second; int currentSecond = start; while (ar.IsCompleted == false){ if (currentSecond < DateTime.Now.Second) { currentSecond = DateTime.Now.Second; Console.WriteLine("Seconds Elapsed..." + (currentSecond - start).ToString() ); } } // Once the call has completed, you need a method to ensure the // thread executing this Main function // doesn't complete prior to the call-back function completing. Console.Write("Press Enter to quit"); int quitchar = Console.Read(); } // Set up a call-back function that is invoked by the proxy class // when the asynchronous operation completes. public static void FactorizeCallback(IAsyncResult ar) { // You passed in our instance of PrimeFactorizer in the third // parameter to BeginFactorize, which is accessible in the // AsyncState property. PrimeFactorizer pf = (PrimeFactorizer) ar.AsyncState; long[] results; // Get the completed results. results = pf.EndFactorize(ar); //Output the results. Console.Write("12345 factors into: "); int j; for (j = 0; j<results.Length;j++){ if (j == results.Length - 1) Console.WriteLine(results[j]); else Console.Write(results[j] + ", "); } } }

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  • Setting variables in web config for web service consumption

    - by Evan
    I did a couple google searches about this and am not finding anything, so I thought I'd ask here. I'm working on our internal CMS and I noticed that we're getting live data back when doing debugging because of our web services instead of the dev data that I wanted. It doesn't do this on our dev CMS website, but we're trying to do all our development on localhost. Is there any way to set up an environment variable in our web config for the URL so that the CMS points to the dev database instead of live database that is referenced in the wsdl files?

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  • Easy Way for Non-Nerd to Manage Simple Site?

    - by Mark Evans
    Hi I'm not sure if this is an appropriate question for StackOverflow. I have a friend show wants a simple "Brochure Ware" web site. I could make it for him but it would be better if he could manage it himself. Are there any services out there that allow a non-technical person to create and maintain a very simple site? I'm thinking just a few pages - contact, about, home with some photos and general info. He also wants to sell some stuff but I'm going to suggest he does this using EBay but the web site would be a handy reference for potential customers who want to know more about him and his services. Thanks a lot! Cheers Mark

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  • Max number of web methods?

    - by Rippo
    Guys I have a web service in asp.net 2.0 that has 234 methods. It seems that when I add another method the site does not compile in VS2005 until I remove one first. I get a message saying that the new method I just added does not exist in a file that belongs in the Microsoft.Net/.../Temporary Files directory. I have restarted IIS, closed down VS2005, removed all files from this temp directory but to no avail. The only way to get the code to compile is to remove another one so as to keep 234 methods.... I can consistency replicate this behaviour so it cannot be my code. Now I know this seems strange but it is true! One other strange thing is that exactly 100 of the method names begin with the word GetXXXyyyZZZ Has anyone else experienced problems with the maximum number of methods that are allowed in a web service? Many Thanks

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  • ASP.NET: Why can't I call a web-service twice in one page?

    - by Shay
    Hi all! I built a web-application which calls a web-service twice in the application's log-in page - first, on Page_Load, and the second time is after a button click. When debugging, everything goes well, but after publishing the web-application and trying it - I cannot make the two calls for the web-service (each call is invoking a different function in the same web-service). If I call it once (say, in the Page_Load) its OK, but once I get to the button click event, the page just seems to be loading but actually doing nothing (loading to infinity). When I disabled the web-service call in Page_Load, the web-service call after the button click worked well, and if I switched between them (disabled the call in button click and enabled the call in Page_Load) the enabled one worked OK. How come this is happening? What did I do wrong? Could it be related to the fact that the location where I published my web-application has some URL-rewriting rules?

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  • Architecture for multiple web apps and databases.

    - by Matt
    We used to have only one web app, but now we are breaking it down into multiple ones. Each one will be packaged as separate product (web app) Some have things in common some do not. It was originally coded with php and using Postgresql 8.4 and CodeIgniter as the framework. I am looking for some good suggestions on how I should set up multiple web apps. They all have their own somewhat unique data. Some data in the databases can be common to some apps but not all. All the apps will be on one server and will have some kind of API to manipulate data. I want it to be structured such that one User account can access any product they purchase. (kinda like google accounts) I do not know if its a good idea to have multiple database, or just to have one big one. eventually we will be using S3 for some videos and other images. Your thoughts and suggestions are much appreciated.

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  • Web Scraper via Web Service API?

    - by 001
    How would I go about doing the following... I want to build a web service for my application to grab a piece of data from an external website, that requires the user to login. The website has no public API , hence the reason for the scrapper. Is there a library to perform the following functions? or what do I do? automate fill-in form, auto click Automate submit button check which URL the user has landed on, and redirect user to URL Grab data from label. EDIT: what im asking for is there a web service, library etc to make it easier to perform screen scrapping/automation functions???

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  • Windows Phone: Updating backend datastore (via web service) while keeping UI very responsive

    - by will
    I am developing a Windows Phone app where users can update a list. Each update, delete, add etc need to be stored in a database that sits behind a web service. As well as ensuring all the operations made on the phone end up in the cloud, I need to make sure the app is really responsive and the user doesn’t feel any lag time whatsoever. What’s the best design to use here? Each check box change, each text box edit fires a new thread to contact the web service? Locally store a list of things that need to be updated then send to the server in batch every so often (what about the back button)? Am I missing another even easier implementation? Thanks in advance,

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  • How should my main web application (A) securely retrieve data from my content storage web applicatio

    - by fonacule
    I have two web applications (A) and (B). (A) is my primary web application. (B) is purely for content storage, such as file uploads by users of (A). What's best way to securely retrieve data from (B) into (A) but in a way that does not expose the data in (B) to potential discovery by third-parties over the public internet or nosy users of (A)? For example, if I use a HTML form POST from (A) to (B) to retrieve user data, and have a hidden form field called user_id=1, then someone could simply change this to user_id=2 and see the content owned by another user of the application. That would be a problem.

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  • Silverlight 4 with WCF RIA architecture applying DDD

    - by doteneter
    Hello, In my ASP.NET MVC applications I use DDD and it works very well. I'm new to Silverlight development and would like to know how could I apply DDD to build a new architecture. I had a look on WCF RIA Services and what is exposed by default it's the simple CRUD methods. I would like to use MVVM pattern. I thought about general architecture and don't know if what I'm thinking about make sense in Silverlight development. I thought about creating Domain Model on the top of SVC. I would than expose by WCF RIA some operation that deals with aggreates in my Domain Model instead of simple CRUD. What I would aloso expose is the ViewModel entieties that could be used by the view. I don't know if it's make sense, if I'm going in a good direction or if applying DDD in Silverlight 4 development is a good practice. I didn't find much informations on Internet. I'll appreciate if you could point me to some interesting links or if you can give me some hints. Thanks for your help.

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  • Applying Test Driven Development to a tightly coupled architecture

    - by Chris D
    Hi all, I've recently been studying TDD, attended a conference and have dabbled in few tests and already I'm 100% sold, I absolutely love it TDD. As a result I've raised this with my seniors and they are prepared to give it a chance, so they have tasked me with coming up with a way to implement TDD in the development of our enterprise product. The problem is our system has evolved since the days of VB6 to .NET and implements alot of legacy technology and some far from best practice development techniques i.e. alot of business logic in the ASP.NET code behind and client script. The largest problem however is how our classes are tightly coupled with database access; properties, methods, constructors - usually has some database access in some form or another. We use an in-house data access code generator tool that creates sqlDataAdapters that gives us all the database access we could ever want, which helps us develop extremely quickly, however, classes in our business layer are very tightly coupled to this data layer - we aren't even close to implementing some form of repository design. This and the issues above have created me all sorts of problems. I have tried to develop some unit tests for some existing classes I've already written but the tests take ALOT longer to run since db access is required, not to mention since we use the MS Enterprise Caching framework I am forced to fake a httpcontext for my tests to run successfully which isn't practical. Also, I can't see how to use TDD to drive the design of any new classes I write since they have to be soo tightly coupled to the database ... help! Because of the architecture of the system it appears I can't implement TDD without some real hack which in my eyes just defeats the aim of TDD and the huge benefits that come with. Does anyone have any suggestions how I could implement TDD with the constraints I'm bound too? or do I need to push the repository design pattern down my seniors throats and tell them we either change our architecture/development methodology or forget about TDD altogether? :) Thanks

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  • Db4o Mvc Application Architecture

    - by Mac
    I am currently testing out Db4o for an asp.net MVC 2 application idea but there are a few things I'm not quite sure on the best way to proceed. I want my application to use guessable routes rather than Id's for referencing my entities but I also think I need Id's of some sort for update scenarios. so for example I want /country/usa instead of /country/1 I may want to change the key name though (not perhaps on a country but on other entities) so am thinking I need an Id to use as the reference to retrieve the object prior to updating it's fields. From other comments it seems like the UUID is a bit long to be using and would prefer to use my own id's anyway for clean separation of concerns. Looking at both the KandaAlpha project I wasn't too keen on some aspects of the design and prefer something more along the lines of S#arp architecture where they use things like the [domainsignature] and EntityWithTypedId, IEntityDuplicateChecker, IHasAssignedId, BaseObject and IValidatable in their entities to control insert/update behaviour which seems cleaner and more extensible, covers validation and is encapsulated well within the core and base repository classes. So would a port of S#arp architecture to Db4o make sense of am I still thinking rmdbs in an oodb world? Also is there a best practice for managing indexes (including Unique ones as above) in Db4o? Should they be model metadata based and loaded using DI in a bootstrapper for example or should they be more loaded more like Automapper.CreateMap? Its a bit of a rambling question I know but any thoughts, ideas or suggested reading material is greatly appreciated. Thanks Mac

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  • Subscription website architecture questions + SQL Server & .NET

    - by chopps
    Hey Guys, I have a few questions about the architecture of a subscription service I am about to embark on and I am looking for some feedback on how best to set it up. I won’t have a large amount of customers as Basecamp, maybe a few hundred and was wondering what would be a solid architecture for setting up the customer sites. I’m running SQL Server and .NET on a dedicated machine. Should create a new database for each customer as to have control and isolation of data or keep them all in one database? I am also thinking of creating a sub-domain for each customer as well so modifications can be made to each site as needed. The customer URLs would look like this: https://customer1.foobar.com https://customer2.foobar.com I am going to have the ability to ‘plug-in’ reports that will be uploaded to the site so each customer can customize as needed. Off the top of my head this necessitates having each sub domain on its own code-base for the uploading of these reports. So on the main site the customer would sign up for their new subscription and I would programmatically create a new directory for the customer from the main code base and then create a sub domain pointing to the new directory for the customer and then finally their database. Does this sound about right? Am I on the right track? How do other such sites accomplish the same thing? Thanks for letting me bend your ear for a bit on this.

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  • ASP.NET MVC application architecture "guidelines"

    - by Joe Future
    I'm looking for some feedback on my ASP.NET MVC based CMS application architecture. Domain Model - depends on nothing but the System classes to define types. For now, mostly anemic. Repository Layer - abstracted data access, only called by the services layer Services Layer - performs business logic on domain models. Exposes view models to the controllers. ViewModelMapper - service that translates back and forth between view models and domain models Controllers - super thin "traffic cop" style functionality that interacts with the service layer and only talks in terms of view models, never domain models My domain model is mostly used as data transfer (DTO) objects and has minimal logic at the moment. I'm finding this is nice because it depends on nothing (not even classes in the services layer). The services layer is a bit tricky... I only want the controllers to have access to viewmodels for ease of GUI programming. However, some of the services need to talk to each other. For example, I have an eventing service that notifies other listener services when content is tagged, when blog posts are created, etc. Currently, the methods that take domain models as inputs or return them are marked internal so they can't be used by the controllers. Sounds like overkill? Not enough abstraction? I'm mainly doing this as a learning exercise in being strict about architecture, not for an actual product, so please no feedback along the lines of "right depends on what you want to do". thanks! Jason

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  • Entity Framework in layered architecture

    - by Kamyar
    I am using a layered architecture with the Entity Framework. Here's What I came up with till now (All the projects Except UI are class library): Entities: The POCO Entities. Completely persistence ignorant. No Reference to other projects. Generated by Microsoft's ADO.Net POCO Entity Generator. DAL: The EDMX (Entity Model) file with the context class. (t4 generated). References: Entities BLL: Business Logic Layer. Will implement repository pattern on this layer. References: Entities, DAL. This is where the objectcontext gets populated: var ctx=new DAL.MyDBEntities(); UI: The presentation layer: ASP.NET website. References: Entities, BLL + a connection string entry to entities in the config file (question #2). Now my three questions: Is my layer discintion approach correct? In my UI, I access BLL as follows: var customerRep = new BLL.CustomerRepository(); var Customer = customerRep.GetByID(myCustomerID); The problem is that I have to define the entities connection string in my UI's web.config/app.config otherwise I get a runtime exception. IS defining the entities connectionstring in UI spoils the layers' distinction? Or is it accesptible in a muli layered architecture. Should I take any additional steps to perform chage tracking, lazy loading, etc (by etc I mean the features that Entity Framework covers in a conventional, 1 project, non POCO code generation)? Thanks and apologies for the lengthy question.

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  • multiple webapps in tomcat -- what is the optimal architecture?

    - by rvdb
    I am maintaining a growing base of mainly Cocoon-2.1-based web applications [http://cocoon.apache.org/2.1/], deployed in a Tomcat servlet container [http://tomcat.apache.org/], and proxied with an Apache http server [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/]. I am conceptually struggling with the best way to deploy multiple web applications in Tomcat. Since I'm not a Java programmer and we don't have any sysadmin staff I have to figure out myself what is the most sensible way to do this. My setup has evolved through 2 scenarios and I'm considering a third for maximal separation of the distinct webapps. [1] 1 Tomcat instance, 1 Cocoon instance, multiple webapps -tomcat |_ webapps |_ webapp1 |_ webapp2 |_ webapp[n] |_ WEB-INF (with Cocoon libs) This was my first approach: just drop all web applications inside a single Cocoon webapps folder inside a single Tomcat container. This seemed to run fine, I did not encounter any memory issues. However, this poses a maintainability drawback, as some Cocoon components are subject to updates, which often affect the webapp coding. Hence, updating Cocoon becomes unwieldy: since all webapps share the same pool of Cocoon components, updating one of them would require the code in all web applications to be updated simultaneously. In order to isolate the web applications, I moved to the second scenario. [2] 1 Tomcat instance, each webapp in its dedicated Cocoon environment -tomcat |_ webapps |_ webapp1 | |_ WEB-INF (with Cocoon libs) |_ webapp1 | |_ WEB-INF (with Cocoon libs) |_ webapp[n] |_ WEB-INF (with Cocoon libs) This approach separates all webapps into their own Cocoon environment, run inside a single Tomcat container. In theory, this works fine: all webapps can be updated independently. However, this soon results in PermGenSpace errors. It seemed that I could manage the problem by increasing memory allocation for Tomcat, but I realise this isn't a structural solution, and that overloading a single Tomcat in this way is prone to future memory errors. This set me thinking about the third scenario. [3] multiple Tomcat instances, each with a single webapp in its dedicated Cocoon environment -tomcat |_ webapps |_ webapp1 |_ WEB-INF (with Cocoon libs) -tomcat |_ webapps |_ webapp2 |_ WEB-INF (with Cocoon libs) -tomcat |_ webapps |_ webapp[n] |_ WEB-INF (with Cocoon libs) I haven't tried this approach, but am thinking of the $CATALINA_BASE variable. A single Tomcat distribution can be multiply instanciated with different $CATALINA_BASE environments, each pointing to a Cocoon instance with its own webapp. I wonder whether such an approach could avoid the structural memory-related problems of approach [2], or will the same issues apply? On the other hand, this approach would complicate management of the Apache http frontend, as it will require the AJP connectors of the different Tomcat instances to be listening at different ports. Hence, Apache's worker configuration has to be updated and reloaded whenever a new webapp (in its own Tomcat instance) is added. And there seems no way to reload worker.properties without restarting the entire Apache http server. Is there perhaps another / more dynamic way of 'modularizing' multiple Tomcat-served webapps, or can one of these scenarios be refined? Any thoughts, suggestions, advice much appreciated. Ron

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