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• Disc drive busy on MacBook, with disc stuck inside.

  - by ayaz

  I have a white MacBook, running Snow Leopard, 10.6.3 with the latest updates. I popped in a DVD that the system failed to mount. I did not see any conspicuous errors. As a result of this failure, the DVD got stuck in the drive. Neither pressing the eject button on the keyboard nor running the diskutil eject command caused the DVD to come out. The commands drutil eject and drutil tray open could not get the DVD to budge at all. The 'mount' and 'eject' buttons on the window for Disk Utility are dimmed out, while it is written in the middle for the DVD drive that that particular disc drive is busy. This is not the first time this has happened with me. I know that I will ultimately have to resort to rebooting the system and holding down the eject button to get the DVD to come out. But, is there any workaround that does not involve rebooting the system and prying the disc out? The drive on this MacBook does not have a needle-pin reset button -- at least, I couldn't find it anywhere. Any help will be greatly appreciated. Many thanks.

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• router only assigns small number of IPs

  - by Liam Coates

  Been having a problem with my router for a while now, might just be because it is really old but here's the problem: If a lot of computers are connected to my home network someone will get disconnected. They are assigned IPs and it seems like at a certain point (and I don't know how many) you either get assigned the same IP as someone else or something else is happening and you get disconnected - until i soft reset it and it works again which takes 30 secs. I'd say my tablet, my PC, my sisters iPad, 2 laptops and a netbook is the most that can be connected at one time so that is 6 but that should be fine. The only way I know this is the problem is because I turned on my tablet and I was online on my PC, got disconnected but my tablet was still connected, this is just after i turned the tablet on so I know my router is having difficulty with IPs, it is like it assigned the same IP to the tablet which then clashed with my desktop and knocked me off. I see that sometimes the following solves it as well so I wrote a batch file with a menu to execute these commands as I have to do it so often. ipconfig /release ipconfig /flushdns ipconfig /renew Any ideas? Or shall I just get a new router as this one is old and maybe can't handle giving out that many IPs? Cheers!

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• Shell not finding binary when attempting to execute it (it's _definitely_ there)

  - by eegg

  I have a specific set of binaries installed at: ~/.GutenMark/binary/<binaries...> These were previously working correctly, but for seemingly no reason when I attempt to execute them the shell claims not to find them: james@anubis:~/.GutenMark/binary$ ls -al ... -rwxr-xr-x 1 james james 2979036 2009-05-10 13:34 GUItenMark ... -rwxrwxrwx 1 james james 76952 2009-05-10 13:34 GutenMark ... -rwxr-xr-x 1 james james 10156 2009-05-10 13:34 GutenSplit ... james@anubis:~/.GutenMark/binary$ ./GutenMark bash: ./GutenMark: No such file or directory james@anubis:~/.GutenMark/binary$ I've tried to isolate the cause of this, with no success. The same happens with zsh, bash, and sh (all giving their appropriate "file not found" error -- this is definitely not a strange output from the binary itself). The same happens either as user james or as root. Nor is it directory specific; if I move the whole directory installation, or just a single binary, to anywhere else, the same happens when attempting to execute it. The same even happens when I put the directory in $PATH and just execute "GutenMark". It also happens when I execute it from a script (I've tried Python's commands module -- though this appears to just call sh). The problem appears to be specific to the binaries themselves, yet they appear to never actually get executed. Any ideas?

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• How to use WPA2 client mode in the Linux-based Cisco WAP4410N access point

  - by joechip

  I have a Cisco WAP4410N access point that I want to use as a client to connect to a WPA2 wireless network (for WLAN service monitoring purposes). Supposedly this access point supports a "Wireless Client/Repeater" mode that allows to do this. The Repeater function is optional (I have that box unchecked so that nobody can connect to this access point wirelessly). I have verified through SSH that the access point gets configured as a client and not as a Master. But it never associates to the SSID I ask it to. This is what iwconfig shows: ath04 IEEE 802.11ng ESSID:"myownssid" Mode:Managed Channel:0 Access Point: Not-Associated Bit Rate:0 kb/s Tx-Power:14 dBm Sensitivity=1/3 Retry:off RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Encryption key:off Power Management:off Link Quality=0/94 Signal level=161/162 Noise level=161/161 Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 Although I've never done this from the command line, I suppose I could use wpa_supplicant or wpa_client to associate it, but I don't know how to do that without editing configuration files and the filesystem is readonly. Besides, I would have to run those commands manually after every reboot. I'd like to know how to do this the Cisco way, if possible. If not, any trick to make this work would be useful. Edit: This is with the latest firmware, 2.0.4.2. And I found that not all of the filesystem is readonly, since /var and /tmp are mounted with type ramfs.

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• How would I force Debian to use the physical sector size on a hard disk?

  - by Confused User

  I just purchased a few new 3TB WD drives. These have physical 4k sectors, but there is some sort of layer which is providing 512B logical sectors (see the partition table below). In order to attempt to get some more speed out of my hard drives, I would like to get rid of this logical layer and actually use the physical 4k sectors. However, I can't figure out how to do this (or even if it's possible) from the man pages of fdisk and parted, or from searching Google. Does anybody know how this could be done? As to why this is relevant, this page demonstrates that meerly aligning the sectors properly can already make up to a 25% speed difference for reads, and more than 2500% for writes in some cases! Getting rid of the logical sectors in favor of the physicals ones should improve speeds even more. Thanks! $ parted /dev/sdc GNU Parted 2.3 Using /dev/sdc Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) print Model: ATA WDC WD30EZRX-00M (scsi) Disk /dev/sdc: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 3001GB 3001GB zfs 9 3001GB 3001GB 8389kB P.S. I don't care about the data on the drives, I was just playing with different file systems. Also, this is my first time posting here, so please let me know if my posts should be formatted differently, etc.

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• Any non-custom way to manage iptables with fail2ban and libvirt+kvm?

  - by Peter Hansen

  I have an Ubuntu 9.04 server running libvirt/kvm and fail2ban (for SSH attacks). Both libvirt and fail2ban integrate with iptables in different ways. Libvirt uses (I think) some XML config and during startup (?) configures forwarding to the VM subnet. Fail2ban installs a custom chain (probably at init) and periodically modifies it to ban/unban probable attackers. I also need to install my own rules to forward various ports to servers running in VMs and on other machines, and set up rudimentary security (e.g. drop all INPUT traffic except the few ports I want open), and of course I'd like the ability to add/remove rules safely without restarting. It seems to me iptables is a powerful tool that's sorely lacking some sort of standardized way of juggling all this stuff. Every project, and every sysadmin, seems to do it differently! (And I think there's lots of "cargo cult" admin going on here, with people cloning crude approaches like "use iptables-save like so".) Short of figuring out the gory details of exactly how both of these (and potentially other) tools manipulate the netfilter tables, and developing my own scripts or just manually executing iptables commands, is there any way to safely work with iptables while not breaking the functionality of these other tools? Any nascent standards or projects defined to bring sanity to this area? Even a helpful web page I missed that might cover at least these two packages together?

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• Split big Apache log to folder structure

  - by Dough

  I just changed my Apache log behavior because it was making me having very BIG files... So I now use cronolog to split my logs to log/httpd/2012/11/access_2012.11.30.log for exemple, pattern : %Y/%m/access_%Y.%m.%d.log I now want to split my old 42GB file to the same structure but really don't know how to do that efficiently. I tried some simple commands with cat, egrep, awk... but really don't know how to handle all that in a more powerful script. Here is how the log looks like : x.x.237.134 - - [08/Apr/2011:14:43:09 +0200] "GET... x.x.50.15 - - [08/Apr/2011:14:43:09 +0200] "GET... [...] x.x.254.19 - - [28/Feb/2012:15:24:48 +0100] "GET... So I need for yeah line to get : year %Y (ex. 2012) month %m (ex. 11) day %d And to push out the entire line to : %Y/%m/access_%Y.%m.%d.log Can someone give me clues to get that working ? Thanks a lot for your interest.

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• Unable to specify parameters to cvlc in a script

  - by VxJasonxV

  I'm creating a script that issues a few curl commands in order to access a time-protected mms stream link, then set up a relay using cvlc (vlc's command line interface) for my own use on an unencumbered player. The curl aspect of this is working, as I can run as a browser and curl side by side and get the same access url. (It's time locked meaning the stream will work forever, but you have to connect quickly or the URL will time out.) The very end of the script prints the command I will run, which is then followed up by "exec $CMD". When I echo $CMD I get: cvlc --sout '#standard{access=http,mux=asf,dst=0.0.0.0:58194}' mms://[...] Manually Copy/Pasting this command in, verbatim, works perfectly fine, but as part of a script, the cvlc execution output says: [0x9743d0] main interface error: no suitable interface module [0x962120] main libvlc error: interface "globalhotkeys,none" initialization failed [0x9743d0] dummy interface: using the dummy interface module... [0xb16e30] stream_out_standard stream out error: no mux specified or found by extension [0xb16ad0] main stream output error: stream chain failed for `standard{mux="",access="",dst="'#standard{access=http,mux=asf,dst=0.0.0.0:58194}'"}' [0xb11cd0] main input error: cannot start stream output instance, aborting [0xb11f70] signals interface error: Caught Interrupt signal, exiting... Why is --sout behaving one way in a script (non-interactive shell?) vs. another way in the foreground (interactive shell) ?

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• Tool to Save a Range of Disk Clusters to a File

  - by Synetech inc.

  Hi, Yesterday I deleted a (fragmented) archive file only to find that it did not extract correctly, so I was left stranded. Fortunately there was not much space free on the drive, so most of the space marked as free was from the now-deleted archive. I pulled up a disk editor and—painfully—managed to get a list of cluster ranges from the FAT that were marked as unused. My task then was to save these ranges of clusters to files so that I could examine them to try to determine which parts were from the archive and recombine them to attempt to restore the deleted file. This turned out to be a huge pain in the butt because the disk editor did not have the ability to select a range of clusters, so I had to navigate to the start of each cluster and hold down Ctrl+Shift+PgDn until I reached the end of the range (which usually took forever!) I did a quick Google search to see if I could find a command-line tool (preferably with Windows and DOS versions) that would allow me to issue a commands such as: SAVESECT -c 0xBEEF 0xCAFE FOO.BAR ::save clusters 0xBEEF-0xCAFE to FOO.BAR SAVESECT -s 1111 9876 BAZ.BIN ::save sectors 1111-9876 to BAZ.BIN Sadly my search came up empty. Any ideas? Thanks!

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• Shrinking a large transaction log on a full drive

  - by Sam

  Someone fired off an update statement as part of some maintenance which did a cross join update on two tables with 200,000 records in each. That's 40 trillion statements, which would explain part of how the log grew to 200GB. I also did not have the log file capped, which is another problem I will be taking care of server wide - where we have almost 200 databases residing. The 'solution' I used was to backup the database, backup the log with truncate_only, and then backup the database again. I then shrunk the log file and set a cap on the log. Seeing as there were other databases using the log drive, I was in a bit of a rush to clean it out. I might have been able to back the log file up to our backup drive, hoping that no other databases needed to grow their log file. Paul Randal from http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/2009.02.logging.aspx Under no circumstances should you delete the transaction log, try to rebuild it using undocumented commands, or simply truncate it using the NO_LOG or TRUNCATE_ONLY options of BACKUP LOG (which have been removed in SQL Server 2008). These options will either cause transactional inconsistency (and more than likely corruption) or remove the possibility of being able to properly recover the database. Were there any other options I'm not aware of?

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• How to add Sharepoint Powershell to Console2

  - by BGM

  Salvete! I want to add the Powershell Console for Sharepoint to the tablist in Console2. I already have plain Powershell, but I want the Sharepoint Powershell snapin added automatically. If I look at the properties of the Sharepoint Powershell Console shortcut, I see this: C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\PowerShell.exe -NoExit " & ' C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\CONFIG\POWERSHELL\Registration\\sharepoint.ps1 ' " but that doesn't work in Console2, so I tried this, which doesn't work either: C:\WINDOWS\system32\windowspowershell\v1.0\powershell.exe -PSConsoleFile "C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\CONFIG\POWERSHELL\Registration\psconsole.psc1" -NoExit " & ' C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\CONFIG\POWERSHELL\Registration\\sharepoint.ps1 ' " Whenever I try, it will load Powershell, but not the Sharepoint Console. I get this: Add-PSSnapin : The Windows PowerShell snap-in 'Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell' is not installed on this machine. At C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\CONFIG\POWERSHELL\Registration\SharePoint.ps1:3 char:13 + Add-PsSnapin <<<< Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell + CategoryInfo : InvalidArgument: (Microsoft.SharePoint.PowerShell:String) [Add-PSSnapin], PSArgumentException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : AddPSSnapInRead,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.AddPSSnapinCommand I tried this out, too. Anybody know?

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• Exchange Connector Won't Send to External Domains

  - by sisdog

  I'm a developer trying to get my .Net application to send emails out through our Exchange server. I'm not an Exchange expert so I'll qualify that up front!! We've set up a receive Connector in Exchange that has the following properties: Network: allows all IP addresses via port 25. Authentication: Transport Layer Security and Externally Secured checkboxes are checked. Permission Groups: Anonymous Users and Exchange Servers checkboxes are checked. But, when I run this Powershell statement right on our Exchange server it works when I send to a local domain address but when I try to send to a remote domain it fails. WORKS: C:\Windows\system32Send-Mailmessage -To [email protected] -From [email protected] -Subject testing -Body testing -SmtpServer OURSERVER (BTW: my value for OURSERVER=boxname.domainname.local. This is the same fully-qualified name that shows up in our Exchange Management Shell when I launch it). FAILS: C:\Windows\system32Send-Mailmessage -To [email protected] -From [email protected] -Subject testing -Body testing -SmtpServer OURSERVER Send-MailMessage : Mailbox unavailable. The server response was: 5.7.1 Unable to relay At line:1 char:17 + Send-Mailmessage <<<< -To [email protected] -From [email protected] -Subject testing -Body himom -SmtpServer FTI-EX + CategoryInfo : InvalidOperation: (System.Net.Mail.SmtpClient:SmtpClient) [Send-MailMessage], SmtpFailed RecipientException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : SmtpException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.SendMailMessage EDIT: From @TheCleaner 's advice, I ran the Add-ADPermission to the relay and it didn't help; [PS] C:\Windows\system32Get-ReceiveConnector "Allowed Relay" | Add-ADPermission -User "NT AUTHORITY\ANONYMOUS LOGON" -E xtendedRights "Ms-Exch-SMTP-Accept-Any-Recipient" Identity User Deny Inherited -------- ---- ---- --------- FTI-EX\Allowed Relay NT AUTHORITY\ANON... False False Thanks for the help. Mark

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• qsub: How can I find out what DRM middleware exactly is installed on a cluster?

  - by gojira

  I have a user account on a very big cluster. I have previous experience with Grid Engine and want to use the cluster for array jobs. The documentation tells me to use "qsub" for load balancing / submission of many jobs. Therefore I assumed this means the cluster has Grid Engine. However all my Grid Engine scripts failed to run. I checked the documentation and it is a bit weird. Now I slowly suspect that this cluster does not actually have Grid Engine, maybe it's running something called Torque (?!). The whole terminology in the man pages is a bit weird for me as a Grid Engine user, for example they talk about "bulk jobs" instead of "array jobs". There is no referral to variables on which I rely on, like SGE_TASK_ID etc. Instead they refer to variables starting with PBS_. Still, there are qsub and qstat commands. Also qsub behaves differently, apparently it is not possible to specifiy the command line parameters with bash-script comments etc. There is a documentation for the cluster system, but it does not say what the DRM middleware actually is - it refers to the entire DRM system simply as "qsub". I tried qsub --version qsub: 1.2 2010/8/17 I am not sure what I am actually running when I invoke qsub on that cluster! My question is, how can I find out if I am running Grid Engine or Torque (or whatever it is), and which version?

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• Using psftp to upload and download files

  - by macha

  Hello I am trying to upload and download files from my desktop to my server. Now after some search I did download psftp. I used to use filezilla earlier, but I cannot install it on my desktop due to a few reasons. Since psftp (similar to putty) is just an executable for file transfer. So now after going through this link http://www.math.tamu.edu/~mpilant/math696/psftp.html. I understood that put and get are two commands I would use to download and upload files. Now when I logon to the server and say get filename, it actually is throwing back an error "local: unable to open filename". I tried that with other files too, and I end up getting the same error. The psftp.exe file is on my desktop. The process that I am using is I double click the .exe file open "servrname" cd /path/where/files/are get "filename" And I get this error "local: unable to open filename". Am I making a mistake or is it a problem with this executable?

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• iptables secure squid proxy

  - by Lytithwyn

  I have a setup where my incoming internet connection feeds into a squid proxy/caching server, and from there into my local wireless router. On the wan side of the proxy server, I have eth0 with address 208.78.∗∗∗.∗∗∗ On the lan side of the proxy server, I have eth1 with address 192.168.2.1 Traffic from my lan gets forwarded through the proxy transparently to the internet via the following rules. Note that traffic from the squid server itself is also routed through the proxy/cache, and this is on purpose: # iptables forwarding iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -s 192.168.2.0/24 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE # iptables for squid transparent proxy iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.1:3128 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3128 How can I set up iptables to block any connections made to my server from the outside, while not blocking anything initiated from the inside? I have tried doing: iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.2.0/24 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -j REJECT But this blocks everything. I have also tried reversing the order of those commands in case I got that part wrong, but that didn't help. I guess I don't fully understand everything about iptables. Any ideas?

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• Slow performance of MySQL database on one server and fast on another one, with similar configurations

  - by Alon_A

  We have a web application that run on two servers of GoDaddy. We experince slow preformance on our production server, although it has stronger hardware then the testing one, and it is dedicated. I'll start with the configurations. Testing: CentOS Linux 5.8, Linux 2.6.18-028stab101.1 on i686 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU L5609 @ 1.87GHz, 8 cores 60 GB total, 6.03 GB used Apache/2.2.3 (CentOS) MySQL 5.5.21-log PHP Version 5.3.15 Production: CentOS Linux 6.2, Linux 2.6.18-028stab101.1 on x86_64 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU L5410 @ 2.33GHz, 8 cores 120 GB total, 2.12 GB used Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS) MySQL 5.5.27-log - MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi PHP Version 5.3.15 We are running the same code on both servers. The Problem We have some function that executes ~30000 PDO-exec commands. On our testing server it takes about 1.5-2 minutes to complete and our production server it can take more then 15 minutes to complete. As you can see here, from qcachegrind: Researching the problem, we've checked the live graphs on phpMyAdmin and discovered that the MySQL server on our testing server was preforming at steady level of 1000 execution statements per 2 seconds, while the slow production MySQL server was only 250 executions statements per 2 seconds and not steady at all, jumping from 0 to 250 every seconds. You can clearly see it in the graphs: Testing server: Production server: You can see here the comparison between both of the configuration of the MySQL servers.Left is the fast testing and right is the slow production. The differences are highlighted, but I cant find anything that can cause such a behavior difference, as the configs are mostly the same. Maybe you can see something that I cant see. Note that our tables are all InnoDB, so the MyISAM difference is (probably) not relevant. Maybe it is the MySQL Community Server (GPL) that is installed on the production server that can cause the slow performance? Or maybe it needs to be configured differently for 64bit ? I'm currently out of ideas...

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• gcc built by crosstool-ng gives undefined reference

  - by netvope

  I've successfully built a toolchain using crosstool-ng with the default configuration named x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu. The documentation says: Using the toolchain is as simple as adding the toolchain's bin directory in your PATH, such as: export PATH="${PATH}:/your/toolchain/path/bin" and then using the target tuple to tell the build systems to use your toolchain: ./configure --target=your-target-tuple or make CC=your-target-tuple-gcc or make CROSS_COMPILE=your-target-tuple- and so on... I followed the instructions and attempted to build GNU tar (tar-1.25.tar.bz2) with the toolchain. The commands ./configure --target=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu and make CROSS_COMPILE=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu- do not work (the build will succeed, but it uses the host system's gcc). The command make CC=x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc works, but in the very last step when it tries to link, it returns errors like this: compare.o: In function `openat': /dev/shm/x-tools/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/sys-root/usr/include/bits/fcntl2.h:134: undefined reference to `__openat_2' What could be the problem? Was the toolchain not properly setup? Perhaps x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc is using the header files from the host system but could not find the libraries in the target's sys-root?

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• One-To-Many Powershell Scripts

  - by Matt

  I'm trying to create a script to run as a scheduled task, which will run against multiple servers and retrieve some information. To start with, I populate the list of servers by querying AD for all servers that match a certain set of criteria, using Get-ADComputer. The problem is, the list is returned as an object, which I can't then pass to the New-PSSession list. I have tried converting it to a comma-seperated string by doing the following: foreach ($server in $serverlist) {$newlist += $server.Name + ","} but this still doesn't work. the alternative is to iterate through the list and run the various commands against each server one at a time, but my preference would be to avoid this and run them using one-to-many remoting. UPDATE: To clarify what I want to end up being able to do is using -ComputerName $serverlist, so I want $serverlist to be a string rather than an object. UPDATE 2: Thanks for all the suggestions. Between them and my original method I'm starting to wonder whether -ComputerName can accept a string variable? I've got varying degrees of success getting the list of computers converted to a comma separated string, but no matter how I do it I always get invalid network address.

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• converting a png with an ICC profile?

  - by jedierikb

  I can convert a jpg from one ICC to another ICC. convert rgb_image.jpg -profile USCoat.icm cmyk_image.jpg Or I can convert a jpg with no ICC to another ICC. convert rgb_image.jpg +profile icm \ -profile sRGB.icc -profile USCoat.icm cmyk_image.jpg But how do I convert a png's pixels into the gamut described by an ICC profile? I understand I cannot embed the profile into the image file, but would at least like to convert the colors. When I reuse the above commands, the colors come out wrong... (different from the colors in the JPG when converted). This is the source image: http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~erikb/tmp/RED_JPG.jpg And here is what I am trying: convert RED_JPG.jpg +profile icm -profile sRGB_v4_ICC_preference.icc -profile USWebUncoated.icc CMYK_PNG.png and this is what I am getting: http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~erikb/tmp/CMYK_PNG.png I was hoping to get an image with the same colors as a JPEG run through the same command: convert RED_JPG.jpg +profile icm -profile sRGB_v4_ICC_preference.icc -profile USWebUncoated.icc CMYK_JPG.jpg resulting in: http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~erikb/tmp/CMYK_JPG.jpg *this image, CMYK_JPG.jpg, is what I am trying to reproduce pixel by pixel in a PNG file.* Any suggestions? Original (unanswered) post here.

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• stdout, stderr, and what else? (going insane parsing slapadd output)

  - by user64204

  I am using slapadd to restore a backup. That backup contains 45k entries which takes a while to restore so I need to get some progress update from slapadd. Luckily for me there is the -v switch which gives an output similar to this one: added: "[email protected],ou=People,dc=example,dc=org" (00003d53) added: "[email protected],ou=People,dc=example,dc=org" (00003d54) added: "[email protected],ou=People,dc=example,dc=org" (00003d55) .######## 44.22% eta 05m05s elapsed 04m spd 29.2 k/s added: "[email protected],ou=People,dc=example,dc=org" (00003d56) added: "[email protected],ou=People,dc=example,dc=org" (00003d57) added: "[email protected],ou=People,dc=example,dc=org" (00003d58) added: "[email protected],ou=People,dc=example,dc=org" (00003d59) Every N entries added, slapadd writes a progress update output line (.######## 44.22% eta 05m05s elapsed ...) which I want to keep and an output line for every entry created which I want to hide because it exposes people's email address but still want to count them to know how many users were imported The way I thought about hiding emails and showing the progress update is this: $ slapadd -v ... 2>&1 | tee log.txt | grep '########' # => would give me real-time progress update $ grep "added" log.txt | wc -l # => once backup has been restored I would know how many users were added I tried different variations of the above, and whatever I try I can't grep the progress update output line. I traced slapadd as follows: sudo strace slapadd -v ... And here is what I get: write(2, "added: \"[email protected]"..., 78added: "[email protected],ou=People,dc=example,dc=org" (00000009) ) = 78 gettimeofday({1322645227, 253338}, NULL) = 0 _######## 44.22% eta 05m05s elapsed 04m spd 29.2 k/s ) = 80 write(2, "\n", 1 ) As you can see, the percentage line isn't sent to either stdout or stderr (FYI I have validated with known working and failing commands that 2 is stderr and 1 is stdout) Q1: Where is the progress update output line going? Q2: How can I grep on it while sending stderr to a file? Additional info: I'm running Openldap 2.4.21 on ubuntu server 10.04

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• Cannot load from raid with grub

  - by Andrew Answer

  I have a RAID1 array on my Ubuntu 12.04 LTS and my /sda HDD has been replaced several days ago. I use this commands to replace: # go to superuser sudo bash # see RAID state mdadm -Q -D /dev/md0 # State should be "clean, degraded" # remove broken disk from RAID mdadm /dev/md0 --fail /dev/sda1 mdadm /dev/md0 --remove /dev/sda1 # see partitions fdisk -l # shutdown computer shutdown now # physically replace old disk by new # start system again # see partitions fdisk -l # copy partitions from sdb to sda sfdisk -d /dev/sdb | sfdisk /dev/sda # recreate id for sda sfdisk --change-id /dev/sda 1 fd # add sda1 to RAID mdadm /dev/md0 --add /dev/sda1 # see RAID state mdadm -Q -D /dev/md0 # State should be "clean, degraded, recovering" # to see status you can use cat /proc/mdstat After bebuilding completion "fdisk -l" says what I have not valid partition table /dev/md0. So 1) "update-grub" find only /sda and /sdb Linux, not /md0 2) "dpkg-reconfigure grub-pc" says "GRUB failed to install the following devices /dev/md0" I cannot load my system except from /sdb1 and /sda1, but in DEGRADED mode... This is my partial fdisk -l output: Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000667ca Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 940910984 470455461 fd Linux raid autodetect /dev/sdb2 940910985 976768064 17928540 5 Extended /dev/sdb5 940911048 976768064 17928508+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/md0: 481.7 GB, 481746288640 bytes 2 heads, 4 sectors/track, 117613840 cylinders, total 940910720 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/md0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Anybody can resolve this issue? I have big headache with this.

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• Command line scripts to restore the 4 system databases of MS SQL Server 2008

  - by ciscokid

  Hi there, can someone give me some advice on how to restore the 4 system databases (master, msdb, model, tempdb) of a sql server 2008 please? I've already done some testing myself (on restoring the master database) with the following commad line script as a result: ::set variables set dbname=master set dbdirectory=C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA title Restoring %dbname% database net stop mssqlserver cd C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn sqlservr -m sqlcmd -Slocalhost -E -Q "restore database master from disk='c:\master.bak' WITH REPLACE" net start mssqlserver pause After the execution of the 'sqlservr -m' command (used to start the server instance in single-user mode, which is only necessary when restoring the MASTER database), the script stops. So in order to execute the last 2 commands I need to separate the script into 2 smaller scripts, and run them one after the other. Does anyone has an idea on how I can merge them into one single script that runs completely without any interruption? I also want to restore the other 3 system databases using command line scripts like this one. Can someone please advice me how I need to go on? I've already noticed that restoring the temdb is not so easy, but there has to be a way... Looking forward to your advice!

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• Programs don't have permissions when using absolute path

  - by Markos

  I have asked this on askubuntu but didn't get a single response in days, so I will try it here. I have directory structure like this: /path/dir1 - all users in group1 must have rwx permissions, including subdirs and newly created dirs /path/dir1/dir2 - also users in group2 must have rwx permissions So what I tried is that I used ACL. getfacl /path/dir1 # file: /path/dir1 # owner: root # group: nogroup user::rwx group::--- group:group1:rwx mask::rwx other::--- default:user::rwx default:group::--- default:group:group1:rwx default:mask::rwx default:other::--- getfacl /path/dir1/dir2 # file: /path/dir1/dir2 # owner: root # group: nogroup user::rwx group::--- group:group1:rwx group:group2:rwx mask::rwx other::--- default:user::rwx default:group::--- default:group:group1:rwx default:group:group2:rwx default:mask::rwx default:other::--- That shows that I have granted rwx to group1 in /path/dir1 and rwx to group1 and group2 in /path/dir1/dir2. Now it gets interesting. Let's assume, that user2 is member of group2. If I issue commands as user2: cd /path/dir1/dir2 mkdir foo Then folder is succesfully created. However, if I do this: mkdir /path/dir1/dir2/foo I get permission denied error. I have tried extensively to resolve the problem. What I have found is that ACL is to blame. If I add permissions to group2 in /path/dir1 it starts to work. Also if I completely remove /path/dir1 ACL it starts to work. Obviously I am missing something VERY basic. I don't have much experience with linux, but this is a no-brainer on Windows. I have spent way too many hours to resolve this basic requirement. If you need more information, I will try to update the question, so feel free to ask!

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• How do I Install Intermediate Certificates (in AWS)?

  - by getmizanur

  I have installed private key (pem encoded) and public key certificate (pem encoded) on Amazon Load Balancer. However, when I check the SSL with site test tool, I get the following error: Error while checking the SSL Certificate!! Unable to get the local issuer of the certificate. The issuer of a locally looked up certificate could not be found. Normally this indicates that not all intermediate certificates are installed on the server. I converted crt file to pem using these commands from this tutorial: openssl x509 -in input.crt -out input.der -outform DER openssl x509 -in input.der -inform DER -out output.pem -outform PEM During setup of Amazon Load Balancer, the only option I left out was certificate chain. (pem encoded) However, this was optional. Could this be cause of my issue? And if so; How do I create certificate chain? UPDATE If you make request to VeriSign they will give you a certificate chain. This chain includes public crt, intermediate crt and root crt. Make sure to remove the public crt from your certificate chain (which is the top most certificate) before adding it to your certification chain box of your Amazon Load Balancer. If you are making HTTPS requests from an Android app, then above instruction may not work for older Android OS such as 2.1 and 2.2. To make it work on older Android OS: go here click on "retail ssl" tab and then click on "secure site" "CA Bundle for Apache Server" copy and past these intermediate certs into certificate chain box. just incase if you have not found it here is the direct link. If you are using geo trust certificates then the solution is much the same for Android devices, however, you need to copy and paste their intermediate certs for Android.

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• Amazon EC2 instance missing Network Interface

  - by Sergiks

  I am running Linux on a t1.micro instance at Amazon EC2. Once I noticed bruteforce ssh login attemtps from a certain IP, after litle Googling I issued the two following commands (other ip): iptables -A INPUT -s 202.54.20.22 -j DROP iptables -A OUTPUT -d 202.54.20.22 -j DROP Either this, or maybe some other actions like yum upgrade perhaps, caused the follwing fiasco: after rebooting the server, it came up without the Network Interface! I only can connect to it through AWS Management Console JAVA ssh client - via local 10.x.x.x address. Console's Attach Network Interface as well as Detach.. are greyed out for this instance. Network Interfaces item at the left does not offer any Subnets to choose from, to create a new N.I. Please advice, how can I recreate a Network Interface for the instance? Upd. The instance is not accessible from outside: cannot be pinged, SSH'ed or connected by HTTP on port 80. Here's the ifconfig output: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 12:31:39:0A:5E:06 inet addr:10.211.93.240 Bcast:10.211.93.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::1031:39ff:fe0a:5e06/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1426 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1371 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:152085 (148.5 KiB) TX bytes:208852 (203.9 KiB) Interrupt:25 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:0 (0.0 b) What is also unusual: a new micro instance I created from scratch, with no relation to the troubled one, was not pingable too.

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