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• How does copy protection work?

  - by Yar

  Many programs refuse to go beyond a trial period. Even if they are trashed and then reinstalled, they 'remember' that the trial period has expired. Assuming no contact with a licensing server, what is the general way that most copy protection works? Do programs drop files in random folders on the hard disk that are hard to track down? I know there's no registry on OSX/Linux, but perhaps something similar... ? Or must it be a file/folder? I'm actually not curious from a hacking side but rather from the implementation side, but in any case the question is basically the same.

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• How to reference other locations in making multi-boot live cd

  - by Nrew

  There is a tool in pen drive linux that allows you to boot directly with multiple iso files. And here is a sample in the menu.lst which allows you to choose which iso file you want to boot. title Fedora 13 find --set-root /Fedora-12-i686-L.iso map /ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso (0xff) map --hook root (0xff) kernel /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper persistent iso-scan/filename=/ubuntu-10.04-desktop-i386.iso splash initrd /casper/initrd.lz I'm just using it on my 8gb flash drive and the location of the iso file is in the flash drive itself. Is it possible to reference other locations. So that I could boot from it, without limitations. because the flash drive can only contain 8gb of data. Is it possible? Anyone here tried this before?

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• Deploying web services on a RHEL 5 box using Apache/Tomcat/Axis/Java.

  - by Deepak Konidena

  Hi, I am new to the Web services scene. I currently have access to a RHEL5 box and i need to deploy a java web service on it. It runs apache and i know this because i have a website hosted on this machine. Now, i want to deploy a web service on to this website to be able to just pass a link to someone when they need to access my web service. Could someone point out a resource or explain what all i need to get the webservice deployed using Tomcat/Apache Axis and Java. I have done this on Windows (hosted on localhost) but couldn't quite figure out things on linux. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks. Deepak.

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• How to rename files in a folder using the ls command output as a pipe ?

  - by user1179459

  I am using GNU/Linux and BASH shell, What i wanted to do is in server is to i need to be able to download the files stating with B* and D* and then rename them to ~B* and ~D*(same file name just ~ in-front) i wrote following which works fine for the downloading part ideally i would like it to use ls command output as well but dont know how to do that. cd inbox get D* get B* ls B*|rename $0 ~B.* bye Any idea ? ideally what i would like to do is ls command to send the list of files one by one to the get command and then the once the get command is completed i want rename command executed renaming the server files

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• adding keyboard shortcuts for OSX terminal or xterm

  - by I J

  Is there a way to add a keyboard shortcut for a terminal command in OSX. Basically most of the times i open the terminal app in MAC in order to ssh into a certain server foo. What I want to do is add a keyboard shortcut (say ^k) so that on a terminal when I do that, it runs "ssh foo" in the terminal. Thanks PS: I think if there is something for the xterm in linux then it should work for the terminal too. So this might not be an OSX specific question. PS2: I want the shortcut to do carriage return with the "ssh foo". If its just "ssh foo", then I can write an alias in .bashrc. My goal is to minimize the number of keystrokes I've to do at the end of the day.

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• For virtual machines, when SMP is available on the host, should guest also have SMP setup?

  - by supercheetah

  I'm trying to find out the best "bang for my buck" so to speak in regards to virtual machines, and SMP. I have an Intel Core 2 Duo, which of course has two cores and the VT extensions, and I'm running Ubuntu Linux (host) on it with VirtualBox, which has Windows Vista (guest). Currently I've got the guest machine setup for two processors to give Windows a chance to manage its own parallelism, but I'm not certain that it's any faster. I've tried it with just one processor, but it's hard to tell if it's any better. Any thoughts? Should the guest have two processors setup?

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• Making a Live Thumb drive boot with Persistent files, settings AND *drivers* that load on boot?

  - by Luke Stanley

  I have seen https://wiki.ubuntu.com/LiveUsbPendrivePersistent but it's a mess. What methods support persistent drivers as well as files and settings and don't screw up lifespan of the flash drive? I'd like to see your personal recommendations on say, Portable Linux, USB Creator, Remastersys + Unetbootin, etc Backstory: I have a Inspiron 1525 that's hard drive has been slowly dying. I want to switch to a live USB/CD/DVD system until I can get it repaired but my laptops internal wifi device requires a network connection by another means for Xubuntu to let it work, and then I have to enter my Wifi key again, and THEN I have to reinstall Skype etc... I'd be damned every time I have to shut the laptop down. I'm ok with making a shell script for installing apps and copying settings as required but a good persistent install should make this old hat and slow and it doesn't take care of drivers. The last time I tried making an ISO with Remastersys it didn't seem to copy all the required settings.

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• Missing eth0 configuration file

  - by Godric Seer

  I have two servers both running Scientific Linux 6 on the same network. Since I want SSH access to both of them, I want to give them both static IPs so I can setup port forwarding and not worry how my router assigns local IPs. I found that I need to edit the configuration file /etc/network-scripts/ifcng-eth0, however that file does not exist. The network card works fine, and I am able to ssh as long as I access the router and find the local ip. Can I simply make my own configuration file, or did I miss some step in configuring the system that I need to complete?

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• How to convert ext3 partition to use encrypted file system without loosing data?

  - by User1

  My embedded Linux device have 2 partitions: small root partition containing OS. big data partition which uses ext3 I want to encrypt the data partition by using encrypted file system. I don't want loose any data of the partition. Size of the root partition is too small to hold all data of the data partition. It is not possible to use any external data storage. Is there any tools that can convert filesystem of the data partition from ext3 to encrypted fs without copying all files to other place?

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• DPMS, keep screen off when lid shut

  - by Evan Teran

  I have a laptop running linux. In my xorg configuration, I have DPMS setup so that the screen automatically turns off during several events. In addition to that I have to the following script tied to ACPI lid open/close events: #!/bin/sh for i in $(pidof X); do CMD=$(ps --no-heading $i) XAUTH="$(echo $CMD | sed -n 's/.*-auth \(.*\)/\1/p')" DISPLAY="$(echo $CMD | sed -n 's/.* \(:[0-9]\) .*/\1/p')" # turn the display off or back on export XAUTHORITY=$XAUTH /usr/bin/xset -display $DISPLAY dpms force $1 done Basically, this script takes one parameter ("on" or "off") then iterates through all of my running X sessions and either turns on or turns off the monitor. Here's my issue. When I close the lid of the laptop, the screen goes off as expected, but if a mouse event occurs (like if something bumps into the table...) then the screen turns back on even though it is closed (I can see the light through the side of the laptop). Is there a way to prevent the screen from turning on during a mouse event if the lid is closed?

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• Is my Windows partition too far down on the disk?

  - by Trevor Alexander

  I have /boot/ on /dev/sda1 (1GB), followed by my Linux root LVM on /dev/sda2 (1.3GB). Finally, I installed Windows 7 on /dev/sda3 in the remaining 700GB of space. When I select Windows 7 in the grub menu, I get something like the following error and am thrown to grub4dos: find --set-root --ignore-floppies --ignore-cd /bootmgr Error 15: file not found Unable to locate necessary tables for adjustment. None of the options in grub4dos return anything but the above error. I heard that 1TB is the upper limit for locating Windows 7 partitions; is this true? How can I fix the above?

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• Ubuntu to Ubuntu VNC over SSH tunnel

  - by rxt

  I have a Linux Ubuntu desktop at home, ssh enabled, vnc server installed, router rule configured. It all works, and at home I can connect via the local network from my Mac. From the outside I can login via ssh. I've configured putty as follows: session: host name and port number connection ssh tunnel: forwarded ports: L5900|192.168.0.23 the local address is: 192.168.1.45 When I make the connection I can login to the remote machine. Then I open Remote Desktop Viewer. I click connect protocol: vnc host: ? use host as ssh tunnel: ? I don't know what to use for the last two options. Which ip-addresses should I use?

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• Segfault with rtorrent on Debian Lenny

  - by digital

  Hi, My debian lenny server keeps segfaulting with rtorrent, it happens once every 24 hours. Libcurl has been recompiled to the latest version and it still seems to happen. I'm not the best when it comes to linux server admin but if you require more info about the system I'll try and get it for you. lib/rtorrent are 0.8.5/0.12.5 Any help would be appreciated as I'd like rtorrent up 24/7 Caught Segmentation fault, dumping stack: 0 rtorrent [0x439686] 1 rtorrent [0x43e06a] 2 /lib/libc.so.6 [0x7f73ce780f60] 3 /usr/lib/libcurl.so.4 [0x7f73d04f4431] 4 /usr/lib/libcurl.so.4 [0x7f73d04f47da] 5 /usr/lib/libcurl.so.4(curl_multi_remove_handle+0x341) [0x7f73d050acb1] 6 rtorrent [0x480221] 7 rtorrent [0x482915] 8 /usr/local/lib/libtorrent.so.11 [0x7f73d02b1f95] 9 /usr/local/lib/libtorrent.so.11 [0x7f73d02b1fea] 10 /usr/local/lib/libtorrent.so.11 [0x7f73d02b4cfc] 11 rtorrent [0x48058a] 12 rtorrent [0x439f49] 13 /lib/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xe6) [0x7f73ce76d1a6] 14 rtorrent(_ZNSt8ios_base4InitD1Ev+0x71) [0x40ea99]

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• Is it possible to remove/hide Windows title bars?

  - by Igoru

  I'm very used to my Linux desktop, but in my new job I'm forced to use Windows. For efficiency, I'm veeery used to minimize/maximize using keyboard shortcuts and move/resize windows using alt+mouse. Thus, window titlebars and borders are useless, and I can remove them using Compiz. My question is: is this remotely possible to be done in Windows Vista? I could manage to quite reduce the borders, but the titlebars still bother me. I also found that Win+M minimizes a window, and I think that would help with the shortcuts also. As a help to understand how I'm used to live, here's a completely normal [reduced] window of my home computer:

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• Why do strace/truss sometimes 'fix' stuck processes?

  - by Emmel

  Sometimes you have a stuck process that's been stuck for a while, and as soon as you go to poke at it with strace/truss just to see what's going on, it gets magically unstuck and continues to run! So from merely 'observing' these programs have some impact in the running of the stuck programs .. what's happening here? Did strace (I guess via ptrace(2)?) send a signal, causing the program to cease blocking, or such? I've seen this several times -- most recently on Linux RHEL 4 (and a Perl script mucking with processes and doing some network IO in that case), but in a few other contexts as well. Unfortunately, I can't reproduce this, as it times to happen ... in times of crisis. But my curiosity remains. :-) Any elucidation appreciated.

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• How can I tell if ZFS (zfs-fuse) dedup/compression is applied to a particular file?

  - by asari

  I have a zfs formatted partition using zfs-fuse for linux (Ubuntu). I had used it for a while, and then enabled dedup and compression on it (zfs set compression=on/dedup=on). Now I think I have some files that are dedup'ed and compressed, and file that are not yet. It was OK, but sometimes I was confused. Let's see, following command would consume almost 4GB of my zfs storage: cp oldfile.4GB newfile.4GB .. and this would consume almost zero: cp newfile.4GB newfile.4GB.2 This is because the old file is not yet compressed, so dedup not happened, I think. My idea is -- if I can find old files that are not yet dedup/compressed, I can perform batch copy/rename/remove them to eliminate duplicity and redundancy. But how I can check that? I know I can re-copy whole contents of my storage should work (even better with checking the time stamp of each file), but I'd be happier if I have zfsstat-like tool that shows some file properties.

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• yum / rpm / make | When to use which one

  - by Saif Bechan

  I am new to Linux and am running CentOs. When I want to update or install certain software I came across three ways. Sometimes it's: yum install program rpm -i program.rpm wget program.tar.gz unpack ./configure make make install That last one is a real pain, esp when you come from windows where a program install is usually one click and then a nice guide. Now can someone please explain to me: Why are there so many different ways to do this? Which one do you recommend to use and why? Are there any other ways for installing programs?

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• When your field-terminating char appears within field values

  - by Jonathan Sampson

  I've had a very colorful morning learning the innerparts of Linux's sort command, and have come across yet another issue that I can't seem to find an answer for in the documentation. I'm currently using -t, to indicate that my fields are split by the comma character, but I'm finding that in some of my files, the comma is used (between double-quotes) within values: Jonathan Sampson,,[email protected],0987654321 "Foobar CEO,","CEO,",[email protected],, How can I use a comma to terminate my fields, but ignore the occurences of it within values? Is this fairly simple, or do I need to re-export all of my data using a more-foreign field-terminator?

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• What can I do to give some more love and disk space to my database on Ubuntu?

  - by Yaron Naveh

  I'm new to linux. I've deployed a db to ubuntu server on amazon and found out I'm low on disk space. did df (see below) - and found out that I'm 89% capacity on one file system, but less on others. What does this mean? Do I have a few partitions and can now utilize others besides /dev/xvda1? Also /dev/xvdb seems large, is it safe to put the db in it and only use it? If so do I need to mount it or do something special? $> df -lah Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 8.0G 6.7G 914M 89% / proc 0 0 0 - /proc sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys none 0 0 0 - /sys/fs/fuse/connections none 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/debug none 0 0 0 - /sys/kernel/security udev 3.7G 8.0K 3.7G 1% /dev devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts tmpfs 1.5G 164K 1.5G 1% /run none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock none 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /run/shm /dev/xvdb 414G 199M 393G 1% /mnt

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• Which FLOSS text editor is most like kwrite without being KDE-based?

  - by darenw

  Among text editors on Linux, I usually prefer KWrite. I like that I can quickly turn on/off line numbers and line wrap in the View menu. Other settings are easy to change. Other text editors I've used in the past, such as Gnome's gedit, bury line numbering and wrapping checkboxes deeper into the menu system, making it more distracting to change while concentrating on real work. However, KWrite is a KDE app. On Ubuntu it drags in over a dozen other packages, which I suspect I don't really need. Why would a text editor need all that? It's slower to start up than some other editors I've tried. I'm also trying to run an all-gnome system w/o any KDE, just to see how far I get with it. So, what GUI text editor isn't KDE-based, has few dependencies and quick start-up, easy to change line wrap and numbering, and general similarity to KWrite? What comes closest?

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• X-Window Modeline for high resolution modes on NEC LCD 22WV monitor

  - by Jakub Narebski

  What should look like X Window System (X.Org) modeline to be put in xorg.conf, for high resolution (incuding recommended 1680x1050 @ 50Hz resolution) for 22" NEC LCD 22WV monitor? X.Org autodetect correctly only 800x600 and lower resolution SVGA modes, unfortunately. How can I generate proper "Modeline" line for xorg.conf? Is information included in NEC_Datasheet_LCD22WV-english.pdf enough (found on NEC LCD 22WV product info page)? What tools there are available to generate proper modeline for a LCD monitor for Linux? MS Windows (MS Windows XP Home) correctly detects and use 1680x1050 resolution; can I somehow get modeline information from MS Windows?

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• USB 3.0 not functioning fully

  - by Simon Sheehan

  After installing GNU/Linux today onto my Lenovo Y570 laptop, I ran into an issue quickly - the USB 3.0 support. 2/3 of my USB ports are 3.0 so I kind of need them. The ports are powered at the very least - my phone is charging from one, however, plugging in external drives, USB drives, or even a mouse gives no response. The drives spin up, etc, but they do nothing more than that. So there is power, but no information flowing to them. What am I missing here? What can I try to enable to make things work?

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• Unable to mount portable hard drive on Ubuntu

  - by VoY

  My portable hard drive (WD My Passport), which used to work correctly now does not automount on my Ubuntu system. It does work on a Windows machine or even when plugged into WD HD TV, which is a Linux based device. There's one NTFS partition spanning the whole drive. When I plug the disk in, I see the following in dmesg: [269259.504631] usb 1-2.2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 20 [269259.604674] usb 1-2.2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice However it does not mount in GNOME and I don't see it when I type: sudo fdisk -l Any suggestions why this might be? I repaired the partition using chkdsk on Windows, so the issue is probably not filesystem related.

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• Unable to write into character device file in Ubuntu

  - by Surjya Narayana Padhi

  I just written a linux character driver. I created one character device file named X. I can see that file in /dev folder. Now I want to do some read/write operation into this file. I opened the filed in VI editor and write some text into it. I used :wq and exited. It didn't show any error. Now when I do cat on that same file I am not able to see any content. I tried it several times. The same situation. Please let me know If I am doing something wrong....

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• How can I free up disk space in my Ubuntu Hardy Heron install?

  - by rvs

  I'd like to make some room on /dev/sda1 without necessarily having to remove a whole bunch of applications (I've already gone through and deleted all frivolous apps). This is the state of /dev/sda1 currently: Dir: / Type: ext3 Total: 9.4GiB Free: 488.6MiB Available: 0bytes Used: 8.9GiB EDIT added du output from comments below: 769068 /var/lib/mysql 351208 /usr/lib 297060 /usr/local/bin/eclipse/plugins 184124 /usr/bin 175924 /usr/lib/openoffice/program 143940 /usr/local/bin/eclipsePHP/plugins 92520 /boot 81200 /opt/android-sdk-linux/add-ons/google_apis-6_r01/images 79964 /opt That's funny, because the tables in /var/lib/mysql are the reason that I ran out in the first place. But I need them, and room for many more possibly large db's.

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