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  • Java interface and abstract class issue

    - by George2
    Hello everyone, I am reading the book -- Hadoop: The Definitive Guide, http://www.amazon.com/Hadoop-Definitive-Guide-Tom-White/dp/0596521979/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1273932107&sr=8-1 In chapter 2 (Page 25), it is mentioned "The new API favors abstract class over interfaces, since these are easier to evolve. For example, you can add a method (with a default implementation) to an abstract class without breaking old implementations of the class". What does it mean (especially what means "breaking old implementations of the class")? Appreciate if anyone could show me a sample why from this perspective abstract class is better than interface? thanks in advance, George

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  • Dijkstra's Algorithm explanation java

    - by alchemey89
    Hi, I have found an implementation for dijkstras algorithm on the internet and was wondering if someone could help me understand how the code works. Many thanks private int nr_points=0; private int[][]Cost; private int []mask; private void dijkstraTSP() { if(nr_points==0)return; //algorithm=new String("Dijkstra"); nod1=new Vector(); nod2=new Vector(); weight=new Vector(); mask=new int[nr_points]; //initialise mask with zeros (mask[x]=1 means the vertex is marked as used) for(int i=0;i<nr_points;i++)mask[i]=0; //Dijkstra: int []dd=new int[nr_points]; int []pre=new int[nr_points]; int []path=new int[nr_points+1]; int init_vert=0,pos_in_path=0,new_vert=0; //initialise the vectors for(int i=0;i<nr_points;i++) { dd[i]=Cost[init_vert][i]; pre[i]=init_vert; path[i]=-1; } pre[init_vert]=0; path[0]=init_vert; pos_in_path++; mask[init_vert]=1; for(int k=0;k<nr_points-1;k++) { //find min. cost in dd for(int j=0;j<nr_points;j++) if(dd[j]!=0 && mask[j]==0){new_vert=j; break;} for(int j=0;j<nr_points;j++) if(dd[j]<dd[new_vert] && mask[j]==0 && dd[j]!=0)new_vert=j; mask[new_vert]=1; path[pos_in_path]=new_vert; pos_in_path++; for(int j=0;j<nr_points;j++) { if(mask[j]==0) { if(dd[j]>dd[new_vert]+Cost[new_vert][j]) { dd[j]=dd[new_vert]+Cost[new_vert][j]; } } } } //Close the cycle path[nr_points]=init_vert; //Save the solution in 3 vectors (for graphical purposes) for(int i=0;i<nr_points;i++) { nod1.addElement(path[i]); nod2.addElement(path[i+1]); weight.addElement(Cost[path[i]][path[i+1]]); } }

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  • Shallow Copy in Java

    - by Vilius
    Hello there! I already know, what a shallow copy is, but I'm not able to impliment it. Here's a short example. public class Shallow { String name; int number; public Shallow (String name, int number) { this.name = name; this.number = number; } } Test the implementation ... public class ShallowTest { public static void main (String[] args) { Shallow shallow = new Shallow("Shallow", 123); Shallow shallowClone = new Shallow(shallow); shallowClone.name = 'Peter'; shallowClone.number = 321; System.out.println(shallow.name + " - " + shallow.number); } } As I purpose, just the reference of the non primitive datatype String would be copied, so that by calling "shallowClone.name = 'Peter';" I would also change the name of "shallow". Am I right? But somehow, it just does not want to work ....

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  • Close resources before exiting JFrame and TCP communication in Java

    - by Oz Molaim
    1. I'm writing a chat based application on TCP communication. I'm using NetBeans and I want to add functionality to the default EXIT_ON_CLOSE when exiting JFrame. The reason of course is because I want to clean resources and end threads safely. How can I call a method that clear resources and only then close the JFrame safely and end the process. 2. I need to implement the server side. The server has List/HashMap/Queue of 'Socket' with their chat nick-names. Is there any simple design pattern to do it correctly because I don't want to re-invent the wheel. thanks.

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  • Dynamic Clock in java

    - by jt153
    I want to implement a clock within my program to diusplay the date and time while the program is running. I have looked into the getCurrentTime() method and timers but none of them seem to do what I would like. The problem is I can get the current time when the program loads but it never updates. Any suggestions on something to look into would be greatly appreciated!

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  • Java Concurrency : Volatile vs final in "cascaded" variables?

    - by Tom
    Hello Experts, is final Map<Integer,Map<String,Integer>> status = new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Map<String,Integer>>(); Map<Integer,Map<String,Integer>> statusInner = new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Map<String,Integer>>(); status.put(key,statusInner); the same as volatile Map<Integer,Map<String,Integer>> status = new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Map<String,Integer>>(); Map<Integer,Map<String,Integer>> statusInner = new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Map<String,Integer>>(); status.put(key,statusInner); in case the inner Map is accessed by different Threads? or is even something like this required: volatile Map<Integer,Map<String,Integer>> status = new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Map<String,Integer>>(); volatile Map<Integer,Map<String,Integer>> statusInner = new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Map<String,Integer>>(); status.put(key,statusInner); In case the it is NOT a "cascaded" map, final and volatile have in the end the same effect of making shure that all threads see always the correct contents of the Map... But what happens if the Map iteself contains a map, as in the example... How do I make shure that the inner Map is correctly "Memory barriered"? Tanks! Tom

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  • Saving part of audio file (java)

    - by m159701m
    Hi evryone, While playing an audio file (.wav) I want , if I resort to ctrl+c , to stop the playback and save part of the audio file in a file called "file2.wav". Here's the thread I'd like to add to my code. Unfortunately it doesn't work at all. Thanks in advance class myThread extends Thread{ public void run(){ try { PipedOutputStream poStream = new PipedOutputStream(); PipedInputStream piStream = new PipedInputStream(); poStream.connect(piStream); File cutaudioFile = new File ("file2.wav"); AudioInputStream ais = new AudioInputStream(piStream, AudioFileFormat.Type.WAVE , cutaudioFile); poStream.write(ais,AudioFileFormat.Type.WAVE,cutaudioFile); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } // end run } // end myThread

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  • Cast element in Java For Each statement

    - by Carl Summers
    Is it possible (or even advisable) to cast the element retrieved from a for each statement in the statement itself? I do know that each element in list will be of type . I.E.: List<BaseType> list = DAO.getList(); for(<SubType> element : list){ // Cannot convert from element type <BaseType> to <SubType> ... } rather than: List <BaseType> list = DAO.getList(); for(<BaseType> el : list){ <SubType> element = (<SubType>)el; ... }

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  • Facebook app request in java not working

    - by Arpit Solanki
    I am trying to send a facebook app request to a user through the code below.But it gives an IO Exception and HTTP status code 400 in running.I dont see a any app request being sent to a user on running this. StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(); buffer.append("access_token").append('=').append(this.app_access_token); buffer.append('&').append("message=").append("sent an app request!"); String content = buffer.toString(); try{ URLConnection connection = new URL("https://graph.facebook.com/me/apprequests").openConnection(); connection.setDoOutput(true); connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",Integer.toString(content.length())); DataOutputStream outs = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream()); outs.writeBytes(content); outs.flush(); outs.close(); BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream())); String inputLine; while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(inputLine); } in.close(); } catch(Exception e){ System.out.println(e); }

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  • Java Refreshing a screen

    - by Goutham
    I have a screen in which one of its components is made invisible depending on a boolean value. If the boolean changes after the screen has been created, how do I refresh the screen to take this into account?

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  • Java - FontMetrics without Graphics

    - by subSeven
    Hello! How to get FontMetrics without use Graphics ? I want to get FontMetrics in constructor, now I do this way: BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(5, 5, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); FontMetrics fm = bi.getGraphics().getFontMetrics(font); int width = fm.stringWidth(pattern); int height = fm.getHeight();

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  • How to combine array list string in java ?

    - by tiendv
    I have some arraylist string with keyword inside like that ! A windows is arraylist string with keyword is bold Struct of window : 9 words before + keyword + 9 words after You can see some window overlaping How to i combine that arraylist to receive like that : Thanks

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  • generation of random numbers in java

    - by S.PRATHIBA
    Hi all, I want to create 30 tables which consists of the following fields.For example, Service_ID Service_Type consumer_feedback 75 Computing 1 35 Printer 0 33 Printer -1 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql select * from consumer2; Service_ID Service_Type consumer_feedback 42 data 0 75 computing 0 mysql select * from consumer3; Service_ID Service_Type consumer_feedback 43 data -1 41 data 1 72 computing -1 As you can infer from the above tables, i am getting the feedback values.I have generated these consumer_feedback values,Service_ID,Service_Type using the concept of random numbers .I have used the funtion int min1=31;//printer int max1=35;//the values are generated if the Service_Type is printer. int provider1 = (int) (Math.random() * (max1 - min1 + 1) ) + min1; int min2=41;//data int max2 =45 int provider2 = (int) (Math.random() * (max2 - min2 + 1) ) + min2; int min3=71;//computing int max3=75; int provider3 = (int) (Math.random() * (max3 - min3 + 1) ) + min3; int min5 = -1;//feedback values int max5 =1; int feedback = (int) (Math.random() * (max5 - min5 + 1) ) + min5; I need the Service_Types to be distributed uniformly in all the 30 tables.Similarly I need feedback value of 1 to be generated many times other than 0 and -1.Please Help me.

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  • How to synchronize java code

    - by Milan
    I have the next code: Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(args); and I want my program to wait for the Runtime.getRuntime().exec(args); to finish cause it last 2-3sec and then to continue. Ideas?

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  • java singleton instantiation

    - by jurchiks
    I've found three ways of instantiating a Singleton, but I have doubts as to whether any of them is the best there is. I'm using them in a multi-threaded environment and prefer lazy instantiation. Sample 1: private static final ClassName INSTANCE = new ClassName(); public static ClassName getInstance() { return INSTANCE; } Sample 2: private static class SingletonHolder { public static final ClassName INSTANCE = new ClassName(); } public static ClassName getInstance() { return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE; } Sample 3: private static ClassName INSTANCE; public static synchronized ClassName getInstance() { if (INSTANCE == null) INSTANCE = new ClassName(); return INSTANCE; } The project I'm using ATM uses Sample 2 everywhere, but I kind of like Sample 3 more. There is also the Enum version, but I just don't get it. The question here is - in which cases I should/shouldn't use any of these variations? I'm not looking for lengthy explanations though (there's plenty of other topics about that, but they all eventually turn into arguing IMO), I'd like it to be understandable with few words.

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  • how to generate a random String? in java

    - by chandra wibowo
    hi everyone, i have an object called Student, and it has studentName, studentId, studentAddress, etc. for the studentId, i have to generate random string consist of seven numeric charaters, eg. studentId = getRandomId(); studentId = "1234567" <-- from the random generator. and i have to make sure that there is no duplicate id. thanks in advance

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  • java servlet:response.sendRedirect() not giving illegal state exception if called after commit of re

    - by sahil garg
    after commit of response as here redirect statement should give exception but it is not doing so if this redirect statemnet is in if block.but it does give exception in case it is out of if block.i have shown same statement(with marked stars ) at two places below.can u please tell me reason for it. protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub synchronized (noOfRequests) { noOfRequests++; } PrintWriter pw=null; response.setContentType("text/html"); response.setHeader("foo","bar"); //response is commited because of above statement pw=response.getWriter(); pw.print("hello : "+noOfRequests); //if i remove below statement this same statement is present in if block.so statement in if block should also give exception as this one do, but its not doing so.why? ***response.sendRedirect("http://localhost:8625/ServletPrc/login% 20page.html"); if(true) { //same statement as above ***response.sendRedirect("http://localhost:8625/ServletPrc/login%20page.html"); } else{ request.setAttribute("noOfReq", noOfRequests); request.setAttribute("name", new Name().getName()); request.setAttribute("GmailId",this.getServletConfig().getInitParameter("GmailId") ); request.setAttribute("YahooId",this.getServletConfig().getInitParameter("YahooId") ); RequestDispatcher view1=request.getRequestDispatcher("HomePage.jsp"); view1.forward(request, response); } }

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  • customising serialisation of java collections using xstream

    - by Will Goring
    I have an object that needs to be serialised as XML, which contains the following field: List<String> tags = new List<String>(); XStream serialises it just fine (after some aliases) like this: <tags> <string>tagOne</string> <string>tagTwo</string> <string>tagThree</string> <string>tagFour</string> </tags> That's OK as far as it goes, but I'd like to be able to rename the <string> elements to, say, <tag>. I can't see an obvious way to do that from the alias documentation on the XStream site. Am I missing something obvious?

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  • Building a control-flow graph from an AST with a visitor pattern using Java

    - by omegatai
    Hi guys, I'm trying to figure out how to implement my LEParserCfgVisitor class as to build a control-flow graph from an Abstract-Syntax-Tree already generated with JavaCC. I know there are tools that already exist, but I'm trying to do it in preparation for my Compilers final. I know I need to have a data structure that keeps the graph in memory, and I want to be able to keep attributes like IN, OUT, GEN, KILL in each node as to be able to do a control-flow analysis later on. My main problem is that I haven't figured out how to connect the different blocks together, as to have the right edge between each blocks depending on their nature: branch, loops, etc. In other words, I haven't found an explicit algorithm that could help me build my visitor. Here is my empty Visitor. You can see it works on basic langage expressions, like if, while and basic operations (+,-,x,^,...) public class LEParserCfgVisitor implements LEParserVisitor { public Object visit(SimpleNode node, Object data) { return data; } public Object visit(ASTProgram node, Object data) { data = node.childrenAccept(this, data); return data; } public Object visit(ASTBlock node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTStmt node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTAssignStmt node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTIOStmt node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTIfStmt node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTWhileStmt node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTExpr node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTAddExpr node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTFactExpr node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTMultExpr node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTPowerExpr node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTUnaryExpr node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTBasicExpr node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTFctExpr node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTRealValue node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTIntValue node, Object data) { } public Object visit(ASTIdentifier node, Object data) { } } Can anyone give me a hand? Thanks!

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