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• Working around "one executable per project" in Visual C# for many small test programs

  - by Kevin Ivarsen

  When working with Visual Studio in general (or Visual C# Express in my particular case), it looks like each project can be configured to produce only one output - e.g. a single executable or a library. I'm working on a project that consists of a shared library and a few application, and I already have one project in my solution for each of those. However, during development I find it useful to write small example programs that can run one small subsystem in isolation (at a level that doesn't belong in the unit tests). Is there a good way to handle this in Visual Studio? I'd like to avoid adding several dozen separate projects to my solution for each small test program I write, especially when these programs will typically be less than 100 lines of code. I'm hoping to find something that lets me continue to work in Visual Studio and use its build system (rather than moving to something like NAnt). I could foresee the answer being something like: A way of setting this up in Visual Studio that I haven't found yet A GUI like NUnit's graphical runner that searches an assembly for classes with defined Main() functions that you can select and run A command line tool that lets you specify an assembly and a class with a Main function to run

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• How to debug PHP?

  - by NutMotion

  Anyone's been trying himself at object oriented programming ? Most probably every developer I guess:D I for one have never studied OO design patterns thoroughly, and trying to put it all together now does prove at times thrilling, and many times frustrating also. Even more so when trying to do it in : PHP! All-in-all, my boss asked me to add some Database persistence functions to her server, but most of all, she asked me to translate her already working procedural code into a working Object Oriented code. Here I am, still standing on my PHP OO project. I'm (already) fed up with this "file logging only" PHP capability. I believe there must be some (free or not too much expansive) PHP debugging utility ? I've heard about Zend Studio and PHPEd so far, which didn't quite do the trick for whatever reasons. WIRCW("Which I don't Remember Correctly Why" lol) What say yé? on debugging PHP ? Is there a tool that provides a good debug mode? what's more, don't forget I'm not speaking about the classical web Request/response model. Talking about a debugging facility which can enable you to trigger a web service (aka client request) and go into debug mode on the SOAP web service side. Thks for any input.

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• Dual usage of asp.net mvc and php under same domain

  - by jim

  Hello all, I've got a scenario where we have a customer who has a linux hosted php app (joomla) that they wish to integrate with some back-end asp.net mvc functionality that was created for a 'sister' site. Basically, the mvc site has prices and stock availability methods which (in the sister site) populates dropdown lists and other 'order' style info on the pages. I've been tasked with looking at the integration options to allow the php site to use this info as a 'service'. (as ever, these guys are looking at cost of ownership, maintenence etc, so this is their preferred route) Has anyone done anything similar with success?? I'd imagine (much like the sister site) liberal doses of ajax will be employed in order to populate portions of the page on demand. So this may have a bearing on any suggestions that you may have. Also, the methods that are being called ultimately end up populating the same database, so there are no issues with correlating the ID's across the different platforms. I don't really want to go down any 'iframe' type route if at all possible, tho' reality may dictate this as being an option. I'm possibly (naively) imagining that i could simply invoke the mvc functions directly from the php app with some sort of 'session' variable being passed for authentication. pretty tall order or pretty straightfwd?? cheers jim

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• x86_64 assembler: only one call per subroutine?

  - by zneak

  Hello everyone, I decided yesterday to start doing assembler. Most of it is okay (well, as okay as assembler can be), but I'm getting some problems with gas. It seems that I can call functions only once. After that, any subsequent call opcode with the same function name will fail. I must be doing something terribly wrong, though I can't see what. Take this small C function for instance: void path_free(path_t path) { if (path == NULL) return; free(((point_list_t*)path)->points); free(path); } I "translated" it to assembler like that: .globl _path_free _path_free: push rbp mov rbp, rsp cmp rdi, 0 jz byebye push rdi mov rdi, qword ptr [rdi] call _free pop rdi sub rsp, 8 call _free byebye: leave ret This triggers the following error for the second call _free: suffix or operands invalid for ``call''. And if I change it to something else, like free2, everything works (until link time, that is). Assembler code gcc -S gave me looks very similar to what I've done (except it's in AT&T syntax), so I'm kind of lost. I'm doing this on Mac OS X under the x86_64 architecture.

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• Google Calendar like interface

  - by John Virgolino

  I need to write an application that essentially functions like a week-view of a calendar, columns for the days and then rows for appointments. Where the height of the appointment box visually represents time. In my case, I just don't want the time of day as the vertical axis, I just want hours or mins. The Google AJAX approach is very clean and easy to use and would be perfect, I think, but my major knowledge comes in ASP.Net and Windows Forms (.Net). I don't want to reinvent the wheel, but I find my mind is stuck on this problem and that I would have to create an interface from scratch for this. I have checked out the Infragistics product (used it for other projects) and read up a lot on the Google API's including their Ajax toolkit. I haven't done Java, however learning a language is not my issue, it's learning the particulars that will help me reach my goal that I feel will take most of the time. Am I making a mountain out of a mole hill? Is this really a lot easier than I think? This is starting to sound like a Dear Abby post - I'll stop now. Any advice or insight would be great! Thanks all!

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• PHP manipulating multidimensional array values

  - by Joker

  I have a result set as an array from a database that looks like: array ( 0 => array ( "a" => "something" "b" => "something" "c" => "something" ) 1 => array ( "a" => "something" "b" => "something" "c" => "something" ) 2 => array ( "a" => "something" "b" => "something" "c" => "something" ) ) How would I apply a function to replace the values of an array only on the array key with b? Normally I would just rebuild a new array with a foreach loop and apply the function if the array key is b, but I'm not sure if it's the best way. I've tried taking a look at many array functions and it seemed like array_walk_recursive is something I might use, but I didn't have luck in getting it to do what I want. If I'm not describing it well enough, basically I want to be able to do as the code below does: $arr = array(); foreach ($result as $key => $value) { foreach ($value as $key2 => $value2) { $arr[$key][$key2] = ($key2 == 'b' ? $this->_my_method($value2) : $value2); } } Should I stick with that, or is there a better way?

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• Data Flow Object Graph and An Execution Engine for it

  - by M Dotnet

  I would like to build a custom workflow engine from scratch. The input to this workflow is a data flow diagram which is composed of a series of activities connected together through lines where each each represent the data flow. Each activity can export multiple outputs. Activities are complex math functions but the logic is hidden from the user. My workflow engine job is to execute the given data flow diagram. Each activity within the data flow diagram is a custom activity and each activity can output different outputs. How do you suggest to model the data flow diagram object? I need to be able to construct the data flow diagram problematically (no need for drag and drop) but I need to display the final result graphically (for display and debugging purposes). Are there any libraries out there that I could use? Should I keep the workflow presentable as an xml? I know that there are many projects out there trying to essentially doing similar thing by building such workflow engines but I need something light weight and open source. I do not need any state machine execution engine and mine is primarily sequential workflow with fork and join capabilities. My activities are wrappable as basic C# classes and I do NOT want to use anything as heavy as .NET workflow foundation.

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• Jquery class changing works, but doesn't effect another function like it should

  - by Qwibble

  So I have content boxes that close and expand when you click an arrow. The content box has two classes for telling whether it is open or closed (.box_open, .box_closed). A hover function is assigned to box_open so when it is open and you hover over the header, the arrow appears. However, I don't want this to happen when the box is closed, as I want to arrow to remain visible when the box is closed. When the box closes, the box_open class is removed, but the function assigned to that class still works. Here's the jquery code for the two functions. You can also see them in the head of the demo below. // Display Arrow on Box Header Hover $(".box_open").hover( function () { $(this).find('a').show(); }, function () { $(this).find('a').hide(); } ); // Open and Close Boxes: $(".box_header a").click( function () { $(this).parent().next('.box_border').stop().toggle(); $(this).parent().toggleClass("box_open"); $(this).parent().toggleClass("box_closed"); return false; } ); Can anyone take a look at what the problem is? Here's the demo url: Demo Url

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• How can I SETF an element in a tree by an accessor?

  - by Willi Ballenthin

  We've been using Lisp in my AI course. The assignments I've received have involved searching and generating tree-like structures. For each assignment, I've ended up writing something like: (defun initial-state () (list 0 ; score nil ; children 0 ; value 0)) ; something else and building my functions around these "states", which are really just nested lists with some loosely defined structure. To make the structure more rigid, I've tried to write accessors, such as: (defun state-score ( state ) (nth 2 state)) This works for reading the value (which should be all I need to do in a nicely functional world. However, as time crunches, and I start to madly hack, sometimes I want a mutable structure). I don't seem to be able to SETF the returned ...thing (place? value? pointer?). I get an error with something like: (setf (state-score *state*) 10) Sometimes I seem to have a little more luck writing the accessor/mutator as a macro: (defmacro state-score ( state ) `(nth 2 ,state)) However I don't know why this should be a macro, so I certainly shouldn't write it as a macro (except that sometimes it works. Programming by coincidence is bad). What is an appropriate strategy to build up such structures? More importantly, where can I learn about whats going on here (what operations affect the memory in what way)?

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• What is the best URL strategy to handle multiple search parameters and operators?

  - by Jon Winstanley

  Searching with mutltiple Parameters In my app I would like to allow the user to do complex searches based on several parameters, using a simple syntax similar to the GMail functionality when a user can search for "in:inbox is:unread" etc. However, GMail does a POST with this information and I would like the form to be a GET so that the information is in the URL of the search results page. Therefore I need the parameters to be formatted in the URL. Requirements: Keep the URL as clean as possible Avoid the use of invalid URL chars such as square brackets Allow lots of search functionality Have the ability to add more functions later. I know StackOverflow allows the user to search by multiple tags in this way: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/c+sql However, I'd like to also allow users to search with multiple additional parameters. Initial Design My design is currently to do use URLs such as these: http://example.com/search/tagged/c+sql/searchterm/transactions http://example.com/search/searchterm/transactions http://example.com/search/tagged/c+sql http://example.com/search/tagged/c+sql/not-tagged/java http://example.com/search/tagged/c+sql/created/yesterday http://example.com/search/created_by/user1234 I intend to parse the URL after the search parameter, then decide how to construct my search query. Has anyone seen URL parameters like this implemented well on a website? If so, which do it best?

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• highlight the text of the DOM range element,

  - by ganapati hegde

  I select some text on the html page(opened in firefox) using mouse,and using javascript functions, i create/get the rangeobject corresponding to the selected text. userSelection =window.getSelection(); var rangeObject = getRangeObject(userSelection); Now i want to highlight all the text which comes under the rangeobject.I am doing it like this, var span = document.createElement("span"); rangeObject.surroundContents(span); span.style.backgroundColor = "yellow"; Well,this works fine, only when the rangeobject(startpoint and endpoint) lies in the same textnode,then it highlights the corresponding text.Ex <p>In this case,the text selected will be highlighted properly, because the selected text lies under a single textnode</p> But if the rangeobject covers more than one textnode, then it is not working properlay, It highlights only the texts which lie in the first textnode,Ex <p><h3>In this case</h3>, only the text inside the header(h3) will be highlighted, not any text outside the header</p> Any idea how can i make, all the texts which comes under rangeobject,highlighted,independent of whether range lies in a single node or multiple node? Thanks....

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• Why does stored procedure invalidate SQL Cache Dependency?

  - by Fabio Milheiro

  After many hours, I finally realize that I am working correctly with the Cache object in my ASP.NET application but my stored procedures stops it from working correctly. This stored procedure works correctly: CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[ListLanguages] @Page INT = 1, @ItemsPerPage INT = 10, @OrderBy NVARCHAR (100) = 'ID', @OrderDirection NVARCHAR(4) = 'DESC' AS BEGIN SELECT ID, [Name], Flag, IsDefault FROM dbo.Languages END But this (the one I wanted) doesn't: CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[ListLanguages] @Page INT = 1, @ItemsPerPage INT = 10, @OrderBy NVARCHAR (100) = 'ID', @OrderDirection NVARCHAR(4) = 'DESC', @TotalRecords INT OUTPUT AS BEGIN SET @TotalRecords = 10 EXEC('SELECT ID, Name, Flag, IsDefault FROM ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY ' + @OrderBy + ' ' + @OrderDirection + ') as Row, ID, Name, Flag, IsDefault FROM dbo.Languages) results WHERE Row BETWEEN ((' + @Page + '-1)*' + @ItemsPerPage + '+1) AND (' + @Page + '*' + @ItemsPerPage + ')') END I gave the @TotalRecords parameter the value 10 so you can be sure that the problem is not from the COUNT(*) function which I know is not supported well. Also, when I run it from SQL Server Management Studio, it does exactly what it should do. In the ASP.NET application the results are retrieved correctly, only the cache is somehow unable to work! Can you please help? Maybe a hint I believe that the reason why the dependency HasChanged property is related to the fact that the column Row generated from the ROW_NUMBER is only temporary and, therefore, the SQL SERVER is not able to to say whether the results are changed or not. That's why HasChanged is always set to true. Does anyone know how to paginate results from SQL SERVER without using COUNT or ROW_NUMBER functions?

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• Is there a way to customize how the value for a custom Model Field is displayed in a template?

  - by Jordan Reiter

  I am storing dates as an integer field in the format YYYYMMDD, where month or day is optional. I have the following function for formatting the number: def flexibledateformat(value): import datetime, re try: value = str(int(value)) except: return None match = re.match(r'(\d{4})(\d\d)(\d\d)$',str(value)) if match: year_val, month_val, day_val = [int(v) for v in match.groups()] if day_val: return datetime.datetime.strftime(datetime.date(year_val,month_val,day_val),'%b %e, %Y') elif month_val: return datetime.datetime.strftime(datetime.date(year_val,month_val,1),'%B %Y') else: return str(year_val) Which results in the following outputs: >>> flexibledateformat(20100415) 'Apr 15, 2010' >>> flexibledateformat(20100400) 'April 2010' >>> flexibledateformat(20100000) '2010' So I'm wondering if there's a function I can add under the model field class that would automatically call flexibledateformat. So if there's a record r = DataRecord(name='foo',date=20100400) when processed in the form the value would be 20100400 but when output in a template using {{ r.date }} it shows up as "April 2010". Further clarification I do normally use datetime for storing date/time values. In this specific case, I need to record non-specific dates: "x happened in 2009", "y happened sometime in June 1996". The easiest way to do this while still preserving most of the functionality of a date field, including sorting and filtering, is by using an integer in the format of yyyymmdd. That is why I am using an IntegerField instead of a DateTimeField. This is what I would like to happen: I store what I call a "Flexible Date" in a FlexibleDateField as an integer with the format yyyymmdd. I render a form that includes a FlexibleDateField, and the value remains an integer so that functions necessary for validating it and rendering it in widgets work correctly. I call it in a template, as in {{ object.flexibledate }} and it is formatted according to the flexibledateformat rules: 20100416 - April 16, 2010; 20100400 - April 2010; 20100000 - 2010. This also applies when I'm not calling it directly, such as when it's used as a header in admin (http://example.org/admin/app_name/model_name/). I'm not aware if these specific things are possible.

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• Designing a general database interface in PHP

  - by lamas

  I'm creating a small framework for my web projects in PHP so I don't have to do the basic work over and over again for every new website. It is not my goal to create a second CakePHP or Codeigniter and I'm also not planning to build my websites with any of the available frameworks as I prefer to use things I've created myself in general. I have no problems in designing that framework when it comes to parts like the core structure, request handling, and so on but I'm getting stuck with designing the database interface for my modules. I've already thought about using the MVC pattern but thought that it would be a bit of a overkill. So the exact problem I'm facing is how my frameworks modules (viewCustomers could be a module, for example) should interact with the database. Is it a good idea to write SQL directly in PHP (mysql_query( 'SELECT firstname, lastname(.....))? How could I abstract a query like SELECT firstname, lastname FROM customers WHERE id=X Would MySQL helper functions like $this->db->get( array('firstname', 'lastname'), array('id'=>X) ) be a good idea? I suppose not because they actually make everything more complicated by requiring arrays to be created and passed. Is the Model pattern from MVC my only real option?

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• Hotkey to toggle checkboxes does opposite

  - by Joel Harris

  In this jsFiddle, I have a table with checkboxes in the first column. The master checkbox in the table header functions as expected toggling the state of all the checkboxes in the table when it is clicked. I have set up a hotkey for "shift-x" to toggle the master checkbox. The desired behavior when using the hotkey is: The master checkbox is toggled The child checkboxes each have their checked state set to match the master But what is actually happening is the opposite... The child checkboxes each have their checked state set to match the master The master checkbox is toggled Here is the relevant code $(".master-select").click(function(){ $(this).closest("table").find("tbody .row-select").prop('checked', this.checked); }); function tickAllCheckboxes() { var master = $(".master-select").click(); } //using jquery.hotkeys.js to assign hotkey $(document).bind('keydown', 'shift+x', tickAllCheckboxes); This results in the child checkboxes having the opposite checked state of the master checkbox. Why is that happening? A fix would be nice, but I'm really after an explanation so I can understand what is happening.

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• jscript1.js error in webforms when applying routing

  - by Sean N

  Hello I have a project using webforms. I applied routing on one of the page. My route is structure like this : http://localhost:3576/Request/Admin/Rejected/ = http://localhost:3576/Request/{role}/{action}/{id} Everything works great but i have a javascript error: Webpage error details User Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.648; .NET CLR 3.5.21022; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729) Timestamp: Fri, 7 May 2010 13:35:54 UTC Message: Syntax error Line: 3 Char: 1 Code: 0 URI: http://localhost:3576/Request/Admin/Rejected/JScript1.js I think it's trying to route to the file where i stored my javascript functions. Any suggestion?

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• Returning true or error message in Ruby

  - by seaneshbaugh

  I'm wondering if writing functions like this is considered good or bad form. def test(x) if x == 1 return true else return "Error: x is not equal to one." end end And then to use it we do something like this: result = test(1) if result != true puts result end result = test(2) if result != true puts result end Which just displays the error message for the second call to test. I'm considering doing this because in a rails project I'm working on inside my controller code I make calls to a model's instance methods and if something goes wrong I want the model to return the error message to the controller and the controller takes that error message and puts it in the flash and redirects. Kinda like this def create @item = Item.new(params[:item]) if [email protected]? result = @item.save_image(params[:attachment][:file]) if result != true flash[:notice] = result redirect_to(new_item_url) and return end #and so on... That way I'm not constructing the error messages in the controller, merely passing them along, because I really don't want the controller to be concerned with what the save_image method itself does just whether or not it worked. It makes sense to me, but I'm curious as to whether or not this is considered a good or bad way of writing methods. Keep in mind I'm asking this in the most general sense pertaining mostly to ruby, it just happens that I'm doing this in a rails project, the actual logic of the controller really isn't my concern.

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• How does the socket API accept() function work?

  - by Eli Bendersky

  The socket API is the de-facto standard for TCP/IP and UDP/IP communications (that is, networking code as we know it). However, one of its core functions, accept() is a bit magical. To borrow a semi-formal definition: accept() is used on the server side. It accepts a received incoming attempt to create a new TCP connection from the remote client, and creates a new socket associated with the socket address pair of this connection. In other words, accept returns a new socket through which the server can communicate with the newly connected client. The old socket (on which accept was called) stays open, on the same port, listening for new connections. How does accept work? How is it implemented? There's a lot of confusion on this topic. Many people claim accept opens a new port and you communicate with the client through it. But this obviously isn't true, as no new port is opened. You actually can communicate through the same port with different clients, but how? When several threads call recv on the same port, how does the data know where to go? I guess it's something along the lines of the client's address being associated with a socket descriptor, and whenever data comes through recv it's routed to the correct socket, but I'm not sure. It'd be great to get a thorough explanation of the inner-workings of this mechanism.

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• Email function using templates. Includes via ob_start and global vars

  - by Geo

  I have a simple Email() class. It's used to send out emails from my website. <? Email::send($to, $subj, $msg, $options); ?> I also have a bunch of email templates written in plain HTML pierced with a few PHP variables. E.g. /inc/email/templates/account_created.php: <p>Dear <?=$name?>,</p> <p>Thank you for creating an account at <?=$SITE_NAME?>. To login use the link below:</p> <p><a href="https://<?=$SITE_URL?>/account" target="_blank"><?=$SITE_NAME?>/account</a></p> In order to have the PHP vars rendered I had to include the template into my function. But since include does not return the contents but rather just sends it directly to the output, I had to wrap it with the buffer functions: <? abstract class Email { public static function send($to, $subj, $msg, $options = array()) { /* ... */ ob_start(); include '/inc/email/templates/account_created.php'; $msg = ob_get_clean(); /* ... */ } } After that I realized that the PHP vars are not rendered as they are being inside of the function scope, so I had to globalize the variables inside of the template: <? global $SITE_NAME, $SITE_URL, $name; ?> <p>Dear <?=$name?>,</p> ... So the question is whether there is a more elegant solution to this? Mainly I am concerned about my workarounds using ob_start() and global. For some reason that seems to me odd. Or this is pretty much the common practice?

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• Zend_Date and Zend Locale; can't get it to work ><

  - by Rick de Graaf

  Loving Zend Framework, hating Zend_Date... I'm buidling an app where one of the functions is to track the time one spends on a certain task. This works great. My previous question was my incapability to get the sum of all the timestamps (time spent on each task). Well that works as a charm, but when I echo this value, it adds one hour. Using gmdate() (just for checking) and the value turns out exactly as it's supposed to. I thought to solve this problem easeliy with Zend_Local, but I can't get the damn thing to work! This is my bootstrap code: protected function _initLocale() { $locale = new Zend_Locale('nl_NL'); $locale->setLocale($locale); Zend_Registry::set('Zend_Locale', $locale); } This is the code in my view file: $date = new Zend_Date($this->timequery, null, $locale); echo $date->toString(Zend_Date::HOUR.':'.Zend_Date::MINUTE.':'.Zend_Date::SECOND); The timestamp I'm processing is: 2632 which equals 00:43:52. The output I get is: 01:43:52 I know the extra hour comes from the time difference, but I can seem to solve this with Zend_Local and Zend_Date.

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• Executing javascript script after ajax-loaded a page - doesn't work

  - by Deukalion

  I'm trying to get a page with AJAX, but when I get that page and it includes Javascript code - it doesn't execute it. Why? Simple code in my ajax page: <script type="text/javascript"> alert("Hello"); </script> ...and it doesn't execute it. I'm trying to use Google Maps API and add markers with AJAX, so whenever I add one I execute a AJAX page that gets the new marker, stores it in a database and should add the marker "dynamically" to the map. But since I can't execute a single javascript function this way, what do I do? Is my functions that I've defined on the page beforehand protected or private? ** UPDATED WITH AJAX FUNCTION ** function ajaxExecute(id, link, query) { if (query != null) { query = query.replace("amp;", ""); } if (window.XMLHttpRequest) { // code for IE7+, Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari xmlhttp=new XMLHttpRequest(); } else { // code for IE6, IE5 xmlhttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4 && xmlhttp.status==200) { if (id != null) { document.getElementById(id).innerHTML=xmlhttp.responseText; } } } if (query == null) { xmlhttp.open("GET",link,true); } else { if (query.substr(0, 1) != "?") { xmlhttp.open("GET",link+"?"+query,true); } else { xmlhttp.open("GET",link+query,true); } } xmlhttp.send(); }

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• Calculate posterior distribution of unknown mis-classification with PRTools in MATLAB

  - by Samuel Lampa

  I'm using the PRTools MATLAB library to train some classifiers, generating test data and testing the classifiers. I have the following details: N: Total # of test examples k: # of mis-classification for each classifier and class I want to do: Calculate and plot Bayesian posterior distributions of the unknown probabilities of mis-classification (denoted q), that is, as probability density functions over q itself (so, P(q) will be plotted over q, from 0 to 1). I have that (math formulae, not matlab code!): P(q|k,N) = Posterior * Prior / Normalization constant = P(k|q,N) * P(q|N) / P(k|N) The prior is set to 1, so I only need to calculate the posterior and normalization constant. I know that the posterior can be expressed as (where B(N,k) is the binomial coefficient): P(k|q,N) = B(N,k) * q^k * (1-q)^(N-k) ... so the Normalization constant is simply an integral of the posterior above, from 0 to 1: P(k|N) = B(N,k) * integralFromZeroToOne( q^k * (1-q)^(N-k) ) (The Binomial coefficient ( B(N,k) ) can be omitted thoughappears in both the posterior and normalization constant, so it can be omitted.) Now, I've heard that the integral for the normalization constant should be able to be calculated as a series ... something like: k!(N-k)! / (N+1)! Is that correct? (I have some lecture notes from with this series, but can't figure out if it is for the normalization constant integral, or for the posterior distribution of mis-classification (q)) Also, hints are welcome as how to practically calculate this? (factorials are easily creating truncation errors right?) ... AND, how to practically calculate the final plot (the posterior distribution over q, from 0 to 1).

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• Suggestions for a Cron like scheduler in Python?

  - by jamesh

  I'm looking for a library in Python which will provide at and cron like functionality. I'd quite like have a pure Python solution, rather than relying on tools installed on the box; this way I run on machines with no cron. For those unfamiliar with cron: you can schedule tasks based upon an expression like: 0 2 * * 7 /usr/bin/run-backup # run the backups at 0200 on Every Sunday 0 9-17/2 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/purge-temps # run the purge temps command, every 2 hours between 9am and 5pm on Mondays to Fridays. The cron time expression syntax is less important, but I would like to have something with this sort of flexibility. If there isn't something that does this for me out-the-box, any suggestions for the building blocks to make something like this would be gratefully received. Edit I'm not interested in launching processes, just "jobs" also written in Python - python functions. By necessity I think this would be a different thread, but not in a different process. To this end, I'm looking for the expressivity of the cron time expression, but in Python. Cron has been around for years, but I'm trying to be as portable as possible. I cannot rely on its presence.

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• ANSI or OEM Codepage when using MME and DirectMusic?

  - by Carl Seleborg

  Hello, I noticed that when reading MIDI port names from MME, the names are multi-byte strings encoded using the ANSI Codepage, which my app uses by default. When receiving those names from the DirectMusic driver, the names are wide-character strings encoded with the OEM Codepage. See this article by Raymond Chen for a quick refresher on Codepages. On my German system, this means that when using the current codepage, which turns out to be the ANSI one, I get "Audiogerät" from MME, and "Audiogeröt" from DirectMusic, the latter being wrong. This gets fixed when I treat that last name as OEM-encoded instead. So how do I know with which codepage to decode those names? Why does the name coming from DirectMusic get encoded differently? Does it come from the USB driver? The COM framework? DirectMusic? How can I know for sure which codepage to use when reading the names of my MIDI ports? For info: I use the MultiByteToWideChar() and WideCharToMultiByte() functions to perform the conversions, with CP_ACP and CP_OEMCP as argument for the codepage to use. I use midiInGetDeviceCaps() to get MIDI port information from the MME subsystem... ... and convert MIDIINCAPS.szPname using the CP_ACP (ANSI) codepage. I use IID_IDirectMusic8::EnumPort() to get port information from DirectMusic... ... and convert DMUS_PORTCAPS.wszDescription using the CP_OEMCP codepage.

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• How to work threading with ConcurrentQueue<T>.

  - by dboarman

  I am trying to figure out what the best way of working with a queue will be. I have a process that returns a DataTable. Each DataTable, in turn, is merged with the previous DataTable. There is one problem, too many records to hold until the final BulkCopy (OutOfMemory). So, I have determined that I should process each incoming DataTable immediately. Thinking about the ConcurrentQueue<T>...but I don't see how the WriteQueuedData() method would know to dequeue a table and write it to the database. For instance: public class TableTransporter { private ConcurrentQueue<DataTable> tableQueue = new ConcurrentQueue<DataTable>(); public TableTransporter() { tableQueue.OnItemQueued += new EventHandler(WriteQueuedData); // no events available } public void ExtractData() { DataTable table; // perform data extraction tableQueue.Enqueue(table); } private void WriteQueuedData(object sender, EventArgs e) { BulkCopy(e.Table); } } My first question is, aside from the fact that I don't actually have any events to subscribe to, if I call ExtractData() asynchronously will this be all that I need? Second, is there something I'm missing about the way ConcurrentQueue<T> functions and needing some form of trigger to work asynchronously with the queued objects?

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