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  • HTML/CSS - How can I position these nested unordered lists correctly?

    - by Samuroid
    I am looking for some help resolving an issue im having with positioning the following unordered list elements that are contained in a div which has relative positioning: The html structure of the UL: <div id="accountBox" class="account_settings_box"> <ul> <ul> <li class="profileImage"><img src="images/profileimage.jpg" alt="Profile Image" /></li> <li class="profileName">Your name</li> <li class="profileEmail">Your email</li> </ul> <li><a href="">Messages</a></li> <li><a href="">Settings</a></li> <li><a href="">Password</a></li> <li><a href="">Sign out</a></li> </ul> </div> and the CSS for this list: .account_settings_box ul ul { display: inline-block; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; height: 150px; outline: 1px solid blue; } .account_settings_box ul ul li { display: inline-block; border: none; /* Reset the border */ } .profileImage { float: right; display: block; width: 150px; height: 150px; outline: 1px solid purple; } .profileName, .profileEmail { width: auto; height: auto; width: 150px; height: 150px; } .account_settings_box ul ul li:hover { outline: 1px solid red; } .profileImage img { width: 150px; height: 150px; } I am having difficultly with the embedded ul, i.e, .account_settings_box ul ul element. The image below shows what it currently looks like. I am trying to achieve the follow: Have the image floating to the right, and have the "your name" and "your email" positioned to the left of the image (basically where they are currently). Thanks for your help in advance. Sam :)

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  • Can nested attributes be used in combination with inheritance?

    - by FoxDemon
    I have the following classes: Project Person Person Developer Person Manager In the Project model I have added the following statements: has_and_belongs_to_many :people accepts_nested_attributes_for :people And of course the appropriate statements in the class Person. How can I add an Developer to a Project through the nested_attributes method? The following does not work: @p.people_attributes = [{:name => "Epic Beard Man", :type => "Developer"}] @p.people => [#<Person id: nil, name: "Epic Beard Man", type: nil>] As you can see the type attributes is set to nil instead of Developer.

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  • In PHP... best way to turn string representation of a folder structure into nested array

    - by Greg Frommer
    Hi everyone, I looked through the related questions for a similar question but I wasn't seeing quite what I need, pardon if this has already been answered already. In my database I have a list of records that I want represented to the user as files inside of a folder structure. So for each record I have a VARCHAR column called "FolderStructure" that I want to identify that records place in to the folder structure. The series of those flat FolderStructure string columns will create my tree structure with the folders being seperated by backslashes (naturally). I didn't want to add another table just to represent a folder structure... The 'file' name is stored in a separate column so that if the FolderStructure column is empty, the file is assumed to be at the root folder. What is the best way to turn a collection of these records into a series of HTML UL/LI tags... where each LI represents a file and each folder structure being an UL embedded inside it's parent?? So for example: file - folderStructure foo - bar - firstDir blue - firstDir/subdir would produce the following HTML: <ul> <li>foo</li> <ul> <li> bar </li> <ul> <li> blue </li> </ul> </ul> </ul> Thanks

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  • Changing the innerHTML of elements in a nested div tag..

    - by PoorCoder
    -- Representative code only - I need to know how to change the innerhtml of the tablerow -- <html> <head> <script> //full javascript declaration - function call after page loads.. function () { document.getElementById('tr1').innerHTML='<td>Test</td>'; // does not work.. document.getElementByTagNames('tr')[0].innerHTML='<td>Test</td>'; // does not work.. document.getElementById('div2').getElementsByTagNames('tr')[0].innerHTML='<td>Test</td>'; //does not work.. document.getElementById('div1').div2.tr1.innerHTML='<td>Test</td>'; //nope } </script> </head> <body> <div id='div1'> <div id='div2'> <table> <tr id='tr1'></tr> </table> </div> </div> </body> </html> Thanks for the help

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  • What is the best way to convert a doctrine nested set to an li-structure?

    - by murze
    Hi, I'm using Doctrine NestedSet behavior. I'd like to render the tree using php to <ul>'s and <li>'s Here's an example of what the output might be: <ul> <li>Node 1</li> <li>Node 2 <ul> <li>Child 1 of Node 2</li> <li>Child 2 of Node 2 <ul> <li>Another Child</li> <li>Yet Another Child</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>Node 3</li> </ul> What is the best way to do this?

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  • How do I make this nested for loop, testing sums of cubes, more efficient?

    - by Brian J. Fink
    I'm trying to iterate through all the combinations of pairs of positive long integers in Java and testing the sum of their cubes to discover if it's a Fibonacci number. I'm currently doing this by using the value of the outer loop variable as the inner loop's upper limit, with the effect being that the outer loop runs a little slower each time. Initially it appeared to run very quickly--I was up to 10 digits within minutes. But now after 2 full days of continuous execution, I'm only somewhere in the middle range of 15 digits. At this rate it may end up taking a whole year just to finish running this program. The code for the program is below: import java.lang.*; import java.math.*; public class FindFib { public static void main(String args[]) { long uLimit=9223372036854775807L; //long maximum value BigDecimal PHI=new BigDecimal(1D+Math.sqrt(5D)/2D); //Golden Ratio for(long a=1;a<=uLimit;a++) //Outer Loop, 1 to maximum for(long b=1;b<=a;b++) //Inner Loop, 1 to current outer { //Cube the numbers and add BigDecimal c=BigDecimal.valueOf(a).pow(3).add(BigDecimal.valueOf(b).pow(3)); System.out.print(c+" "); //Output result //Upper and lower limits of interval for Mobius test: [c*PHI-1/c,c*PHI+1/c] BigDecimal d=c.multiply(PHI).subtract(BigDecimal.ONE.divide(c,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP)), e=c.multiply(PHI).add(BigDecimal.ONE.divide(c,BigDecimal.ROUND_HALF_UP)); //Mobius test: if integer in interval (floor values unequal) Fibonacci number! if (d.toBigInteger().compareTo(e.toBigInteger())!=0) System.out.println(); //Line feed else System.out.print("\r"); //Carriage return instead } //Display final message System.out.println("\rDone. "); } } Now the use of BigDecimal and BigInteger was delibrate; I need them to get the necessary precision. Is there anything other than my variable types that I could change to gain better efficiency?

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  • Need help on nested loop of queries in php and mysql?

    - by mysqllearner
    Hi, I am trying to get do this: <?php $good_customer = 0; $q = mysql_query("SELECT user FROM users WHERE activated = '1'"); // this gives me about 40k users while($r = mysql_fetch_assoc($q)){ $money_spent = 0; $user = $r['user']; // Do queries on another 20 tables for($i = 1; $i<=20 ; $i++){ $tbl_name = 'data' . $i; $q2 = mysql_query("SELECT money_spent FROM $tbl_name WHERE user = '{$user}'"); while($r2 = mysql_fetch_assoc($q2)){ $money_spend += $r2['money_spent']; } if($money_spend > 1000000){ $good_customer += 1; } } } This is just an example. I am testing on localhost, for single user, it returns very fast. But when I try 1000, it takes forever, not even mentioned 40k users. Anyway to optimise/improve this code? EDIT: By the way, each of the others 20 tables has ~20 - 40k records

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  • Can I write functors using a private nested struct?

    - by Kristo
    Given this class: class C { private: struct Foo { int key1, key2, value; }; std::vector<Foo> fooList; }; The idea here is that fooList can be indexed by either key1 or key2 of the Foo struct. I'm trying to write functors to pass to std::find so I can look up items in fooList by each key. But I can't get them to compile because Foo is private within the class (it's not part of C's interface). Is there a way to do this without exposing Foo to the rest of the world? (note: I've got to run to a meeting. I'll be able to post more sample code in about a half hour.)

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  • Does anybody have any tips for managing polymorphic nested resources in Rails 3?

    - by Ryan
    in config/routes.rb: resources posts do resources comments end resources pictures do resources comments end I would like to allow for more things to be commented on as well. I'm currently using mongoid (mongomapper isn't as compatible with rails3 yet as I would like), and comments are an embedded resource (mongoid can't yet handle polymorphic relational resources), which means that I do need the parent resource in order to find the comment. Are there any elegant ways to handle some of the following problems: in my controller, I need to find the parent before finding the comment. if params[:post_id] parent = Post.find(params[:post_id] else if params[:picture_id] parent = Picture.find(params[:picture_id] end which is going to get messy if I start adding more things to be commentable also url_for([comment.parent,comment]) doesn't work, so I'm going to have to define something in my Comment model, but I think I'm also going to need to define an index route in the Comment model as well as potentially an edit and new route definition. There might be more issues that I have to deal with as I get further. I can't imagine I'm the first person to try and solve this problem, are there any solutions out there to make this more manageable?

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  • django overwrite form clean method

    - by John
    Hi, When overwriting a form clean method how do you know if its failed validation on any of the fields? e.g. in the form below if I overwrite the clean method how do I know if the form has failed validation on any of the fields? class PersonForm(forms.Form): title = Forms.CharField(max_length=100) first_name = Forms.CharField(max_length=100) surname = Forms.CharField(max_length=100) password = Forms.CharField(max_length=100) def clean(self, value): cleaned_data = self.cleaned_data IF THE FORM HAS FAILED VALIDATION: self.data['password'] = 'abc' raise forms.ValidationError("You have failed validation!") ELSE: return cleaned_data Thanks

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  • Rails show view of one model with form for adding one child - nested attributes vs seperate controll

    - by SWR
    I have a basic two tiered model structure: Articles - Comments with one Article having many comments. What is the best way to add a "Add a comment" form to the bottom of the Articles show page? nested_attributes is overkill as I don't want to be able to edit all of the comments on the page, just to add one more. Is the best way even with Rails 2.3 still to make a separate controller and embed a form_for pointing to the other controller into the Articles show view? If so, how do I get validation errors to return to the article display page? I don't want to make a separate comment page/view... thanks

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  • Ajax and JSF 1.1 using hidden iframe with "proxy forms", what do you think about this development st

    - by Steel Plume
    Hi, currently I am using yet 1.1 specs, so I am trying to make simple what is too complex for me :p, managing backing beans with conflicting navigation rules, external params breaking rules and so on... for example when I need a backing bean used by other "views" simply I call it using FacesContext inside other backing beans, but often it's too wired up to JSF navigation/initialization rules to be really usable, and of course more simple is more useful become the FacesContext. So with only a bit of cross browser Javascript (simply a form copy and a read-write on a "proxy" form), I create a sort of proxy form inside the main user page (totally disassociated from JSF navigation rules, but using JSF taglibs). Ajax gives me flexibility on the user interaction, but data is always managed by JSF. Pratically I demand all "fictious" user actions to an hidden "iframe" which build up all needed forms according JSF rules, then a javascript simply clone its form output and put it into the user view level (CSS for showing/hiding real command buttons and making pretty), the user plays around and when he click submit, a script copies all "proxied" form values into the real JSF form inside the "iframe" that invokes the real submit of the form, what it returns is obviously dependent by your choice. Now JSF is really a pleasure :-p My real interest is to know what are your alternative strategy for using pure Ajax and JSF 1.1 without adopting middle layer like ajax4jsf and others, all good choices but too much "plugins" than specs.

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  • Forms blank when rendering a partial when using a collection of objects. Help!

    - by dustmoo
    Alright, I know my title is a little obscure but it best describes the problem I am having. Essentially, I have a list of users, and want to be able to edit their information in-line using AJAX. Since the users are showing up in rows, I am using a partial to render the data and the forms (which will be hidden initially by the ajax), however, when the rows are rendered currently only the last item has it's form's fields populated. I suspect this has something to do with the fact that all the form fields have the same id's and it is confusing the DOM. But I don't know how to make sure the id's are unique. Here is a small example: In my view: <%= render :partial => 'shared/user', :collection => @users %> My partial (broke down to just the form) note that I am using the local variable "user" <% form_for user, :html => {:multipart => true} do |f| -%> <%= f.label :name, "Name*" %> <%= f.text_field :title, :class => "input" %> <%= f.label :Address, "Address" %> <%= f.text_field :address, :class => "input" %> <%= f.label :description, "Description*" %> <%= f.text_area :description, :class => "input" %> <% end -%> When the html is rendered each form has a unique id (for the id of the user) but the elements themselves all have the same id, and only the last user form is actually getting populated with values. Does anyone have any ideas?? :) Thanks in advance!

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  • Novo Suporte para Combinação e Minificação de Arquivos JavaScript e CSS (Série de posts sobre a ASP.NET 4.5)

    - by Leniel Macaferi
    Este é o sexto post de uma série de posts que estou escrevendo sobre a ASP.NET 4.5. Os próximos lançamentos do .NET e Visual Studio incluem vários novos e ótimos recursos e capacidades. Com a ASP.NET 4.5 você vai ver um monte de melhorias realmente emocionantes em formulários da Web ( Web Forms ) e MVC - assim como no núcleo da base de código da ASP.NET, no qual estas tecnologias são baseadas. O post de hoje cobre um pouco do trabalho que estamos realizando para adicionar suporte nativo para combinação e minificação de arquivos JavaScript e CSS dentro da ASP.NET - o que torna mais fácil melhorar o desempenho das aplicações. Este recurso pode ser utilizado por todas as aplicações ASP.NET, incluindo tanto a ASP.NET MVC quanto a ASP.NET Web Forms. Noções básicas sobre Combinação e Minificação Como mais e mais pessoas usando dispositivos móveis para navegar na web, está se tornando cada vez mais importante que os websites e aplicações que construímos tenham um bom desempenho neles. Todos nós já tentamos carregar sites em nossos smartphones - apenas para, eventualmente, desistirmos em meio à frustração porque os mesmos são carregados lentamente através da lenta rede celular. Se o seu site/aplicação carrega lentamente assim, você está provavelmente perdendo clientes em potencial por causa do mau desempenho/performance. Mesmo com máquinas desktop poderosas, o tempo de carregamento do seu site e o desempenho percebido podem contribuir enormemente para a percepção do cliente. A maioria dos websites hoje em dia são construídos com múltiplos arquivos de JavaScript e CSS para separar o código e para manter a base de código coesa. Embora esta seja uma boa prática do ponto de vista de codificação, muitas vezes isso leva a algumas consequências negativas no tocante ao desempenho geral do site. Vários arquivos de JavaScript e CSS requerem múltiplas solicitações HTTP provenientes do navegador - o que pode retardar o tempo de carregamento do site.  Exemplo Simples A seguir eu abri um site local no IE9 e gravei o tráfego da rede usando as ferramentas do desenvolvedor nativas do IE (IE Developer Tools) que podem ser acessadas com a tecla F12. Como mostrado abaixo, o site é composto por 5 arquivos CSS e 4 arquivos JavaScript, os quais o navegador tem que fazer o download. Cada arquivo é solicitado separadamente pelo navegador e retornado pelo servidor, e o processo pode levar uma quantidade significativa de tempo proporcional ao número de arquivos em questão. Combinação A ASP.NET está adicionando um recurso que facilita a "união" ou "combinação" de múltiplos arquivos CSS e JavaScript em menos solicitações HTTP. Isso faz com que o navegador solicite muito menos arquivos, o que por sua vez reduz o tempo que o mesmo leva para buscá-los. A seguir está uma versão atualizada do exemplo mostrado acima, que tira vantagem desta nova funcionalidade de combinação de arquivos (fazendo apenas um pedido para JavaScript e um pedido para CSS): O navegador agora tem que enviar menos solicitações ao servidor. O conteúdo dos arquivos individuais foram combinados/unidos na mesma resposta, mas o conteúdo dos arquivos permanece o mesmo - por isso o tamanho do arquivo geral é exatamente o mesmo de antes da combinação (somando o tamanho dos arquivos separados). Mas note como mesmo em uma máquina de desenvolvimento local (onde a latência da rede entre o navegador e o servidor é mínima), o ato de combinar os arquivos CSS e JavaScript ainda consegue reduzir o tempo de carregamento total da página em quase 20%. Em uma rede lenta a melhora de desempenho seria ainda maior. Minificação A próxima versão da ASP.NET também está adicionando uma nova funcionalidade que facilita reduzir ou "minificar" o tamanho do download do conteúdo. Este é um processo que remove espaços em branco, comentários e outros caracteres desnecessários dos arquivos CSS e JavaScript. O resultado é arquivos menores, que serão enviados e carregados no navegador muito mais rapidamente. O gráfico a seguir mostra o ganho de desempenho que estamos tendo quando os processos de combinação e minificação dos arquivos são usados ??em conjunto: Mesmo no meu computador de desenvolvimento local (onde a latência da rede é mínima), agora temos uma melhoria de desempenho de 40% a partir de onde originalmente começamos. Em redes lentas (e especialmente com clientes internacionais), os ganhos seriam ainda mais significativos. Usando Combinação e Minificação de Arquivos dentro da ASP.NET A próxima versão da ASP.NET torna realmente fácil tirar proveito da combinação e minificação de arquivos dentro de projetos, possibilitando ganhos de desempenho como os que foram mostrados nos cenários acima. A forma como ela faz isso, te permite evitar a execução de ferramentas personalizadas/customizadas, como parte do seu processo de construção da aplicação/website - ao invés disso, a ASP.NET adicionou suporte no tempo de execução/runtime para que você possa executar a combinação/minificação dos arquivos dinamicamente (cacheando os resultados para ter certeza de que a performance seja realmente satisfatória). Isto permite uma experiência de desenvolvimento realmente limpa e torna super fácil começar a tirar proveito destas novas funcionalidades. Vamos supor que temos um projeto simples com 4 arquivos JavaScript e 6 arquivos CSS: Combinando e Minificando os Arquivos CSS Digamos que você queira referenciar em uma página todas as folhas de estilo que estão dentro da pasta "Styles" mostrada acima. Hoje você tem que adicionar múltiplas referências para os arquivos CSS para obter todos eles - o que se traduziria em seis requisições HTTP separadas: O novo recurso de combinação/minificação agora permite que você combine e minifique todos os arquivos CSS da pasta Styles - simplesmente enviando uma solicitação de URL para a pasta (neste caso, "styles"), com um caminho adicional "/css" na URL. Por exemplo:    Isso fará com que a ASP.NET verifique o diretório, combine e minifique os arquivos CSS que estiverem dentro da pasta, e envie uma única resposta HTTP para o navegador com todo o conteúdo CSS. Você não precisa executar nenhuma ferramenta ou pré-processamento para obter esse comportamento. Isso te permite separar de maneira limpa seus estilos em arquivos CSS separados e condizentes com cada funcionalidade da aplicação mantendo uma experiência de desenvolvimento extremamente limpa - e mesmo assim você não terá um impacto negativo de desempenho no tempo de execução da aplicação. O designer do Visual Studio também vai honrar a lógica de combinação/minificação - assim você ainda terá uma experiência WYSWIYG no designer dentro VS. Combinando e Minificando os Arquivos JavaScript Como a abordagem CSS mostrada acima, se quiséssemos combinar e minificar todos os nossos arquivos de JavaScript em uma única resposta, poderíamos enviar um pedido de URL para a pasta (neste caso, "scripts"), com um caminho adicional "/js":   Isso fará com que a ASP.NET verifique o diretório, combine e minifique os arquivos com extensão .js dentro dele, e envie uma única resposta HTTP para o navegador com todo o conteúdo JavaScript. Mais uma vez - nenhuma ferramenta customizada ou etapas de construção foi necessária para obtermos esse comportamento. Este processo funciona em todos os navegadores. Ordenação dos Arquivos dentro de um Pacote Por padrão, quando os arquivos são combinados pela ASP.NET, eles são ordenados em ordem alfabética primeiramente, exatamente como eles são mostrados no Solution Explorer. Em seguida, eles são automaticamente reorganizados de modo que as bibliotecas conhecidas e suas extensões personalizadas, tais como jQuery, MooTools e Dojo sejam carregadas antes de qualquer outra coisa. Assim, a ordem padrão para a combinação dos arquivos da pasta Scripts, como a mostrada acima será: jquery-1.6.2.js jquery-ui.js jquery.tools.js a.js Por padrão, os arquivos CSS também são classificados em ordem alfabética e depois são reorganizados de forma que o arquivo reset.css e normalize.css (se eles estiverem presentes na pasta) venham sempre antes de qualquer outro arquivo. Assim, o padrão de classificação da combinação dos arquivos da pasta "Styles", como a mostrada acima será: reset.css content.css forms.css globals.css menu.css styles.css A ordenação/classificação é totalmente personalizável, e pode ser facilmente alterada para acomodar a maioria dos casos e qualquer padrão de nomenclatura que você prefira. O objetivo com a experiência pronta para uso, porém, é ter padrões inteligentes que você pode simplesmente usar e ter sucesso com os mesmos. Qualquer número de Diretórios/Subdiretórios é Suportado No exemplo acima, nós tivemos apenas uma única pasta "Scripts" e "Styles" em nossa aplicação. Isso funciona para alguns tipos de aplicação (por exemplo, aplicações com páginas simples). Muitas vezes, porém, você vai querer ter múltiplos pacotes/combinações de arquivos CSS/JS dentro de sua aplicação - por exemplo: um pacote "comum", que tem o núcleo dos arquivos JS e CSS que todas as páginas usam, e então arquivos específicos para páginas ou seções que não são utilizados globalmente. Você pode usar o suporte à combinação/minificação em qualquer número de diretórios ou subdiretórios em seu projeto - isto torna mais fácil estruturar seu código de forma a maximizar os benefícios da combinação/minificação dos arquivos. Cada diretório por padrão pode ser acessado como um pacote separado e endereçável através de uma URL.  Extensibilidade para Combinação/Minificação de Arquivos O suporte da ASP.NET para combinar e minificar é construído com extensibilidade em mente e cada parte do processo pode ser estendido ou substituído. Regras Personalizadas Além de permitir a abordagem de empacotamento - baseada em diretórios - que vem pronta para ser usada, a ASP.NET também suporta a capacidade de registrar pacotes/combinações personalizadas usando uma nova API de programação que estamos expondo.  O código a seguir demonstra como você pode registrar um "customscript" (script personalizável) usando código dentro da classe Global.asax de uma aplicação. A API permite que você adicione/remova/filtre os arquivos que farão parte do pacote de maneira muito granular:     O pacote personalizado acima pode ser referenciado em qualquer lugar dentro da aplicação usando a referência de <script> mostrada a seguir:     Processamento Personalizado Você também pode substituir os pacotes padrão CSS e JavaScript para suportar seu próprio processamento personalizado dos arquivos do pacote (por exemplo: regras personalizadas para minificação, suporte para Saas, LESS ou sintaxe CoffeeScript, etc). No exemplo mostrado a seguir, estamos indicando que queremos substituir as transformações nativas de minificação com classes MyJsTransform e MyCssTransform personalizadas. Elas são subclasses dos respectivos minificadores padrão para CSS e JavaScript, e podem adicionar funcionalidades extras:     O resultado final desta extensibilidade é que você pode se plugar dentro da lógica de combinação/minificação em um nível profundo e fazer algumas coisas muito legais com este recurso. Vídeo de 2 Minutos sobre Combinação e Minificacão de Arquivos em Ação Mads Kristensen tem um ótimo vídeo de 90 segundo (em Inglês) que demonstra a utilização do recurso de Combinação e Minificação de Arquivos. Você pode assistir o vídeo de 90 segundos aqui. Sumário O novo suporte para combinação e minificação de arquivos CSS e JavaScript dentro da próxima versão da ASP.NET tornará mais fácil a construção de aplicações web performáticas. Este recurso é realmente fácil de usar e não requer grandes mudanças no seu fluxo de trabalho de desenvolvimento existente. Ele também suporta uma rica API de extensibilidade que permite a você personalizar a lógica da maneira que você achar melhor. Você pode facilmente tirar vantagem deste novo suporte dentro de aplicações baseadas em ASP.NET MVC e ASP.NET Web Forms. Espero que ajude, Scott P.S. Além do blog, eu uso o Twitter para disponibilizar posts rápidos e para compartilhar links.Lidar com o meu Twitter é: @scottgu Texto traduzido do post original por Leniel Macaferi. google_ad_client = "pub-8849057428395760"; /* 728x90, created 2/15/09 */ google_ad_slot = "4706719075"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90;

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  • New Bundling and Minification Support (ASP.NET 4.5 Series)

    - by ScottGu
    This is the sixth in a series of blog posts I'm doing on ASP.NET 4.5. The next release of .NET and Visual Studio include a ton of great new features and capabilities.  With ASP.NET 4.5 you'll see a bunch of really nice improvements with both Web Forms and MVC - as well as in the core ASP.NET base foundation that both are built upon. Today’s post covers some of the work we are doing to add built-in support for bundling and minification into ASP.NET - which makes it easy to improve the performance of applications.  This feature can be used by all ASP.NET applications, including both ASP.NET MVC and ASP.NET Web Forms solutions. Basics of Bundling and Minification As more and more people use mobile devices to surf the web, it is becoming increasingly important that the websites and apps we build perform well with them. We’ve all tried loading sites on our smartphones – only to eventually give up in frustration as it loads slowly over a slow cellular network.  If your site/app loads slowly like that, you are likely losing potential customers because of bad performance.  Even with powerful desktop machines, the load time of your site and perceived performance can make an enormous customer perception. Most websites today are made up of multiple JavaScript and CSS files to separate the concerns and keep the code base tight. While this is a good practice from a coding point of view, it often has some unfortunate consequences for the overall performance of the website.  Multiple JavaScript and CSS files require multiple HTTP requests from a browser – which in turn can slow down the performance load time.  Simple Example Below I’ve opened a local website in IE9 and recorded the network traffic using IE’s built-in F12 developer tools. As shown below, the website consists of 5 CSS and 4 JavaScript files which the browser has to download. Each file is currently requested separately by the browser and returned by the server, and the process can take a significant amount of time proportional to the number of files in question. Bundling ASP.NET is adding a feature that makes it easy to “bundle” or “combine” multiple CSS and JavaScript files into fewer HTTP requests. This causes the browser to request a lot fewer files and in turn reduces the time it takes to fetch them.   Below is an updated version of the above sample that takes advantage of this new bundling functionality (making only one request for the JavaScript and one request for the CSS): The browser now has to send fewer requests to the server. The content of the individual files have been bundled/combined into the same response, but the content of the files remains the same - so the overall file size is exactly the same as before the bundling.   But notice how even on a local dev machine (where the network latency between the browser and server is minimal), the act of bundling the CSS and JavaScript files together still manages to reduce the overall page load time by almost 20%.  Over a slow network the performance improvement would be even better. Minification The next release of ASP.NET is also adding a new feature that makes it easy to reduce or “minify” the download size of the content as well.  This is a process that removes whitespace, comments and other unneeded characters from both CSS and JavaScript. The result is smaller files, which will download and load in a browser faster.  The graph below shows the performance gain we are seeing when both bundling and minification are used together: Even on my local dev box (where the network latency is minimal), we now have a 40% performance improvement from where we originally started.  On slow networks (and especially with international customers), the gains would be even more significant. Using Bundling and Minification inside ASP.NET The upcoming release of ASP.NET makes it really easy to take advantage of bundling and minification within projects and see performance gains like in the scenario above. The way it does this allows you to avoid having to run custom tools as part of your build process –  instead ASP.NET has added runtime support to perform the bundling/minification for you dynamically (caching the results to make sure perf is great).  This enables a really clean development experience and makes it super easy to start to take advantage of these new features. Let’s assume that we have a simple project that has 4 JavaScript files and 6 CSS files: Bundling and Minifying the .css files Let’s say you wanted to reference all of the stylesheets in the “Styles” folder above on a page.  Today you’d have to add multiple CSS references to get all of them – which would translate into 6 separate HTTP requests: The new bundling/minification feature now allows you to instead bundle and minify all of the .css files in the Styles folder – simply by sending a URL request to the folder (in this case “styles”) with an appended “/css” path after it.  For example:    This will cause ASP.NET to scan the directory, bundle and minify the .css files within it, and send back a single HTTP response with all of the CSS content to the browser.  You don’t need to run any tools or pre-processor to get this behavior.  This enables you to cleanly separate your CSS into separate logical .css files and maintain a very clean development experience – while not taking a performance hit at runtime for doing so.  The Visual Studio designer will also honor the new bundling/minification logic as well – so you’ll still get a WYSWIYG designer experience inside VS as well. Bundling and Minifying the JavaScript files Like the CSS approach above, if we wanted to bundle and minify all of our JavaScript into a single response we could send a URL request to the folder (in this case “scripts”) with an appended “/js” path after it:   This will cause ASP.NET to scan the directory, bundle and minify the .js files within it, and send back a single HTTP response with all of the JavaScript content to the browser.  Again – no custom tools or builds steps were required in order to get this behavior.  And it works with all browsers. Ordering of Files within a Bundle By default, when files are bundled by ASP.NET they are sorted alphabetically first, just like they are shown in Solution Explorer. Then they are automatically shifted around so that known libraries and their custom extensions such as jQuery, MooTools and Dojo are loaded before anything else. So the default order for the merged bundling of the Scripts folder as shown above will be: Jquery-1.6.2.js Jquery-ui.js Jquery.tools.js a.js By default, CSS files are also sorted alphabetically and then shifted around so that reset.css and normalize.css (if they are there) will go before any other file. So the default sorting of the bundling of the Styles folder as shown above will be: reset.css content.css forms.css globals.css menu.css styles.css The sorting is fully customizable, though, and can easily be changed to accommodate most use cases and any common naming pattern you prefer.  The goal with the out of the box experience, though, is to have smart defaults that you can just use and be successful with. Any number of directories/sub-directories supported In the example above we just had a single “Scripts” and “Styles” folder for our application.  This works for some application types (e.g. single page applications).  Often, though, you’ll want to have multiple CSS/JS bundles within your application – for example: a “common” bundle that has core JS and CSS files that all pages use, and then page specific or section specific files that are not used globally. You can use the bundling/minification support across any number of directories or sub-directories in your project – this makes it easy to structure your code so as to maximize the bunding/minification benefits.  Each directory by default can be accessed as a separate URL addressable bundle.  Bundling/Minification Extensibility ASP.NET’s bundling and minification support is built with extensibility in mind and every part of the process can be extended or replaced. Custom Rules In addition to enabling the out of the box - directory-based - bundling approach, ASP.NET also supports the ability to register custom bundles using a new programmatic API we are exposing.  The below code demonstrates how you can register a “customscript” bundle using code within an application’s Global.asax class.  The API allows you to add/remove/filter files that go into the bundle on a very granular level:     The above custom bundle can then be referenced anywhere within the application using the below <script> reference:     Custom Processing You can also override the default CSS and JavaScript bundles to support your own custom processing of the bundled files (for example: custom minification rules, support for Saas, LESS or Coffeescript syntax, etc). In the example below we are indicating that we want to replace the built-in minification transforms with a custom MyJsTransform and MyCssTransform class. They both subclass the CSS and JavaScript minifier respectively and can add extra functionality:     The end result of this extensibility is that you can plug-into the bundling/minification logic at a deep level and do some pretty cool things with it. 2 Minute Video of Bundling and Minification in Action Mads Kristensen has a great 90 second video that shows off using the new Bundling and Minification feature.  You can watch the 90 second video here. Summary The new bundling and minification support within the next release of ASP.NET will make it easier to build fast web applications.  It is really easy to use, and doesn’t require major changes to your existing dev workflow.  It is also supports a rich extensibility API that enables you to customize it however you want. You can easily take advantage of this new support within ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET Web Pages based applications. Hope this helps, Scott P.S. In addition to blogging, I use Twitter to-do quick posts and share links. My Twitter handle is: @scottgu

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  • Dynamic group membership to work around no nested security group support for Active Directory

    - by Bernie White
    My problem is that I have a number of network administration applications like SAN switches that do not support nested groups from Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS). These legacy administration applications use either LDAP or LDAPS. I am fairly sure I can use Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS) and possibly Windows Authorization Manager to work around this issue; however I am not really sure where to start. I want to end up with: A single group that can be queried over LDAP/LDAPS for all it’s direct members LDAP proxy for user name and password credentials to AD DS Easy way to admin the group, ideally the group would aggregate the nested membership in AD DS. a native solution using freely available components from the Windows stack. If you have any suggestions or solutions that you have previously used to solve this issue please let me know.

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  • gnu screen - mouse does not work in nested screen session

    - by Matthew
    I started a screen session inside another screen session, both on my local machine. This is using cygwin, but I don't think it matters. I have tried via ssh to a real unix machine but the behaviour is the same. Mouse works great in the first screen session, I'm able to open vim with :set mouse=a and I can click to move the cursor or switch tabs, and the mouse wheel scrolls. But in the nested session it does not work, mouse is only useful for selecting terminal text that gets put in the clipboard, but is not able to interact with vim. I want this to work because I usually work with a local screen session, then ssh to a remote server and have a remote screen session running too (hence the nesting) and I like to scroll swiftly in vim by using the mouse wheel. Can anyone tell me why the mouse works in the first layer of screen but not in the second, nested screen session, and how I can make it work? Thanks in advance, Matthew

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  • Form recognition using OCR and return image of the value

    - by Jonathan
    I'm on a project that process hundreds of forms. The forms have consistent formats but are filled out by hand by different people. I need a way to quickly processing all of these data into electronic forms. OCR recognition for typed document seems mature but for hand-writting is very lacking. For this thought, let's consider a form with several fields like this. Field_1: Value1 (example, Name: John, where Name is Field and John is value) Considering that forms are structured and typed, OCR should be able to recognize the fields. However, for the values of the fields, they are written and OCR will perform very poorly. So is there a way where the fields would be recognized on the imagem, then a image chunk of the value would be returned? Thanks.

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  • Symfony2 Forms: is it possible to bind a form in an "unconventional way"?

    - by DonCallisto
    Imagine this scenario: in our company there is an employee that "play" around graphic,css,html and so on. Our new project will born under symfony2 so we're trying some silly - but "real" - stuff (like authentication from db, submit data from a form and persist it to db and so on..) The problem As far i know, learnt from symfony2 "book" that i found on the site (you can find it here), there is an "automated" way for creating and rendering forms: 1) Build the form up into a controller in this way $form = $this->createFormBuilder($task) ->add('task','text'), ->add('dueDate','date'), ->getForm(); return $this->render('pathToBundle:Controller:templateTwig', array('form'=>$form->createview()); 2) Into templateTwig render the template {{ form_widget(form) }} // or single rows method 3) Into a controller (the same that have a route where you can submit data), take back submitted information if($rquest->getMethod()=='POST'){ $form->bindRequest($request); /* and so on */ } Return to scenario Our graphic employee don't want to access controllers, write php and other stuff like those. So he'll write a twig template with a "unconventional" (from symfony2 point of view, but conventional from HTML point of view) method: /* into twig template */ <form action="{{ path('SestanteUserBundle_homepage') }}" method="post" name="userForm"> <div> USERNAME: <input type="text" name="user_name" value="{{ user.username}}"/> </div> <div> EMAIL: <input type="text" name="user_mail" value="{{ user.email }}"/> </div> <input type="hidden" name="user_id" value="{{ id }}" /> <input type="submit" value="modifica i dati"> </form> Now, if into the controller that handle the submission of data we do something like that public function indexAction(Request $request) { if($request->getMethod() == 'POST'){ // sono arrivato per via di un submit, quindi devo modificare i dati prima di farli vedere a video $defaultData = array('message'=>'ho visto questa cosa in esempio, ma non capisco se posso farne a meno'); $form = $this->createFormBuilder($defaultData) ->add('user_name','text') ->add('user_mail','email') ->add('user_id','integer') ->getForm(); $form->bindRequest($request); //bindo la form ad una request $data = $form->getData(); //mi aspetto un'array chiave=>valore /* .... */ We expected that $data will contain an array with key,value from the submitted form. We found that it isn't true. After googling for a while and try with other "bad" ideas, we're frozen into that. So, if you have a "graphic office" that can't handle directly php code, how can we interface from form(s) to controller(s) ? UPDATE It seems that Symfony2 use a different convention for form's field name and lookup once you've submitted that. In particular, if my form's name is addUser and a field is named userName, the field's name will be AddUser[username] so maybe it have a "dynamic" lookup method that will extract form's name, field's name, concat them and lookup for values. Is it possible?

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  • Fast way to code forms in C# which is bind to SQL data

    - by adopilot
    I am coming from MS-ACESS world and their programing habits, There was nice utility to make form from table, You can simply hit right click on table and make form for it. Now I looking for something similar for Visual Studio and WinForms. I am trying to develop simple application for which I need to have more then 30 forms for handling data, till now I designed database tables, keys and sprocs in SQL2008 and before I start coding forms for handling data, I asking You for main guidelines how to save my time while coding forms.

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  • Decoupling the view, presentation and ASP.NET Web Forms

    - by John Leidegren
    I have an ASP.NET Web Forms page which the presenter needs to populate with controls. This interaction is somewhat sensitive to the page-life cycle and I was wondering if there's a trick to it, that I don't know about. I wanna be practical about the whole thing but not compromise testability. Currently I have this: public interface ISomeContract { void InstantiateIn(System.Web.UI.Control container); } This contract has a dependency on System.Web.UI.Control and I need that to be able to do things with the ASP.NET Web Forms programming model. But neither the view nor the presenter may have knowledge about ASP.NET server controls. How do I get around this? How can I work with the ASP.NET Web Forms programming model in my concrete views without taking a System.Web.UI.Control dependency in my contract assemblies? To clarify things a bit, this type of interface is all about UI composition (using MEF). It's known through-out the framework but it's really only called from within the concrete view. The concrete view is still the only thing that knows about ASP.NET Web Forms. However those public methods that say InstantiateIn(System.Web.UI.Control) exists in my contract assemblies and that implies a dependency on ASP.NET Web Forms. I've been thinking about some double dispatch mechanism or even visitor pattern to try and work around this.

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