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  • Are protected constructors considered good practice?

    - by Álvaro G. Vicario
    I'm writing some little helper classes to handle trees. Basically, I have a node and a special root node that represents the tree. I want to keep it generic and simple. This is part of the code: <?php class Tree extends TreeNode{ public function addById($node_id, $parent_id, $generic_content){ if( $parent = $this->findNodeById($parent_id) ){ $parent->addChildById($node_id, $generic_content); } } } class TreeNode{ public function __construct($node_id, $parent_id, $generic_content){ // ... } protected function addChildById($node_id, $generic_content){ $this->children[] = new TreeNode($this->node_id, $node_id, $generic_content); } } $Categories = new Tree; $Categories->addById(1, NULL, $foo); $Categories->addById(2, NULL, $bar); $Categories->addById(3, 1, $gee); ?> My questions: Is it sensible to force TreeNode instances to be created through TreeNode::addById()? If it's so, would it be good practise to declare TreeNode::__construct() as private/protected?

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  • Swiz mandates weak encapsulation.

    - by Faisal
    I just started using Swiz, and, it seems like Swiz forces you to create classes with weak encapsulation. Swiz requires all event handlers to be public in order to mediate events. Assume that component 'A' dispatches a few events, which I want to listen to in component 'B'. Traditionally, I'll just add event listeners on 'A' in 'B' and all the event handlers in 'B' can be kept private. However, if, I am using Swiz, I need to make all the handlers, mediating events, public. Am I missing something here, is there a way to bypass this problem. I really, don't want to pollute the public interface of my class. Thanks.

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  • Interview question: difference between object and object-oriented languages.

    - by Bar
    My friend was asked the following question: what's the difference between object language and object-oriented language? It's a little unintelligible question. What does term «object language» correspond to? Does that mean «pure» object-oriented language, like the Wikipedia article says: Languages called "pure" OO languages, because everything in them is treated consistently as an object, from primitives such as characters and punctuation, all the way up to whole classes, prototypes, blocks, modules, etc. They were designed specifically to facilitate, even enforce, OO methods. Examples: Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ruby, JADE, VB.NET.

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  • Sql query builder c# for windows mobile

    - by pdiddy
    I'm building a windows mobile app. And using SqlCe. I'm looking for a good sql query builder. So instead of writing "SELECT COLUMNS FROM TABLE WHERE etc... Is there a good free library that can build this sort of query? EDIT: You know when you write your code with ADO.net something like this SqlCeCommand command = new SqlCeCommand(Connection); command.CommandText = "SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE customerId = @customerId"; Well i'm looking for some library that could build that SELECT statement using classes instead of writing it through string. So something like: SqlCeCommand command = new SqlCeCommand(Connection); SqlQueryBuilder query = new SqlQueryBuilder(); query.Table = "Orders"; query.AddWhere("customerId", myValue) command.CommandText = query.toString(); Something like that .... so a class that will build the query..

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  • C++, create an instance from a static method

    - by Manux
    Hello, let's say I want my users to use only one class, say SpecialData. Now, this data class would have many methods, and depending on the type of data, the methods do different things, internally, but return externally similar results. Therefore my wanting to have one "public" class and other "private", child classes that would change the behavior of methods, etc... It would be amazingly more simple for some types of data that need to be built to do something like this: SpecialData& sm = SpecialData::new_supermatrix(); and new_supermatrix() would return a SuperMatrix instance, which inherits from most behaviors of SpecialData. my header: static SpecialData& new_supermatrix(); my cpp: SpecialData& SpecialData::new_supermatrix()(){ return SuperMatrix(MATRIX_DEFAULT_MAGNITUDE,1000,1239,FLOAT32,etc...); } The problem is, I get this error, which is probably logical due to the circumstances: invalid initialization of non-const reference of type ‘SpecialData&’ from a temporary of type ‘SpecialData’ So, any ideas?

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  • Is it possible to apply inheritance to a Singleton class?

    - by Bragaadeesh
    Hi, Today I faced one question in interview. Is it possible to apply inheritance concept on Singleton Classes. I said since the constructor is private, we cannot extend that Singleton class (can someone please validate this). Next thing he asked me is to apply inheritance on that Singleton class. So, I made the Singleton's constructor as protected thinking that child's constructor also has be protected. But I was wrong the child can have a modifier either equal to or higher than that. So, I asked him to give a real world example on such a case. He was not able to give me one and said that I cant ask questions and wanted me to tell whether this scenario is possible or not. I went kind of blank. My question here is, Is this possible? Even if its possible, what is the use of it? What real world scenario would demand such a use. Thanks

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  • What should happen when a reference is deleted?

    - by Apeksha
    I have a vb.net 3.5 application which references a dll (abc.dll, also in .net 3.5) This dll is accessed by the application from time to time. If at anytime during execution, if I delete the dll, I expect the application to throw an error the next time it tries to use a class from the dll. But, this is not the behaviour I see. If I delete the dll before startup, the application throws an error at startup. But not when the dll is deleted after startup. Is this the standard behaviour, or am I doing something wrong? Can I get the app to throw an error if the dll is not found when it tries to use its classes? Thanks in advance.

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  • Sequence diagram example

    - by Pamela
    The use case to model is the register of a new appointment. The user logins in the system as a patient (role). To make an appointment shoudl enter medical specialty and date. System shoudl look for the doctors availables for that specialty on that date. From the results patient should choose one and then system save the appointment. At the end user shoudl receive an email with the information of the appointment. The classes that I have in my model are: User PAtient Doctor Appointment DoctorShcedule and some more but I think these ones will be involve. I have this initial sequnce diagram: I have problem to set the return messages and also with the email step. Thanks

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  • Constructor with non-instance variable assistant?

    - by Robert Fischer
    I have a number of classes that look like this: class Foo(val:BasicData) extends Bar(val) { val helper = new Helper(val) val derived1 = helper.getDerived1Value() val derived2 = helper.getDerived2Value() } ...except that I don't want to hold onto an instance of "helper" beyond the end of the constructor. In Java, I'd do something like this: public class Foo { final Derived derived1, derived2; public Foo(BasicData val) { Helper helper = new Helper(val); derived1 = helper.getDerived1Value(); derived2 = helper.getDerived2Value(); } } So how do I do something like that in Scala? I'm aware of creating a helper object of the same name of the class with an apply method: I was hoping for something slightly more succinct.

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  • NHibernate: discriminator without common base class?

    - by joniba
    Is it possible to map two classes to the same property without them sharing a common base class? For example, a situation like this: class Rule { public virtual int SequenceNumber { get; set; } public virtual ICondition Condition { get; set; } } interface ICondition { } class ExpressionCondition : ICondition { public virtual string Expression { get; set; } } class ThresholdCondition : ICondition { public virtual int Threshold { get; set; } } I also cannot add some empty abstract class that both conditions inherit from because the two ICondition implementations exist in different domains that are not allowed to reference each other. (Please no responses telling me that this situation should not occur in the first place - I'm aware of it and it doesn't help me.)

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  • Is there a server side API for Team Foundation Server?

    - by Ralph Shillington
    It would seem there is precious little documentation on programming against a TFS 2010 instance. What bits I have found, have next to nothing in the case of documentation beyond barebones listing of client access classes and their members, most likely autogenerated from the code comments. As I'm interested in building a silverlight client against TFS, I will need access to a server side API. Ideally the silverlight app will talk to my server (mainly for work items) and my server will in turn talk to the TFS server for the goods. Where is the doumentation (if any) for this kind of TFS integration?

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  • C++ memory management of reference types

    - by Russel
    Hello, I'm still a fairly novice programmer and I have a question about c++ memory management with refence types. First of all, my understanding of reference types: A pointer is put on the stack and the actual data that the pointer points to is created and placed on the heap. Standard arrays and user defined classes are refence types. Is this correct? Second, my main question is do c and c++'s memory management mechanisms (malloc, free and new, delete) always handle this properly and free the memory that a class or array is pointing to? Does everything still work if those pointers get reassigned somehow to other objects of the same size/type on the heap? What if a class has a pointer member that points to another object? I am assuming that delete/freeing the class object doesn't free what it's member pointer points to, is that correct? Thanks all! -R

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  • Summary count for Python logging

    - by Craig McQueen
    At the end of my Python program, I'd like to be able to get a summary of the number of items logged through the standard logging module. I'd specifically like to be able to get a count for each specified name (and possibly its children). E.g. if I have: input_logger = getLogger('input') input_logger.debug("got input1") input_logger.debug("got input2") input_logger.debug("got input3") network_input_logger = getLogger('input.network') network_input_logger.debug("got network input1") network_input_logger.debug("got network input2") getLogger('output') output_logger.debug("sent output1") Then at the end I'd like to get a summary such as: input: 5 input.network: 2 output: 1 Perhaps by calling a getcount() method for a logger or a handler. What would be a good way to achieve this? I imagine it would involve a sub-class of one of the logging classes, but I'm not sure which one would be best.

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  • Inherit appenders from calling instance in log4j or logback

    - by Lord.Quackstar
    In my program I have 2 separate streams of logging events (calling them streams for simplicity, in reality its 2 appenders). Stream1 contains client logging and Stream2 contains control logging. Now this might seem easy, except that certain classes can be both in the client logging and server logging, depending on the situation. Complicating this further is the fact that a command that a client wants takes place in 2 separate threads (one being fetched randomly from a thread pool), so any kind of tracking with MDC or NDC isn't possible. What would really simplify this is if the logger could inherit the appenders from the calling instance. That way I can setup 2 appenders for 2 loggers and be done. However I have no idea how to do it cleanly or easily. Can anyone offer any advice on how to do so? Note: If something needs to be passed around, I do have a event bean that gets passed to everything in the chain that can be used if necessary.

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  • Using multiple databases within one application

    - by Alex
    I have a web application made for several groups of people not connected with each other. Instead of using one database for all of them, I'm thinking about making separate databases. This will improve the speed of the queries and make me free from checking to what group the user belongs. But since I'm working with LINQ to SQL, my classes are explicitly connected with the databases, so I will have to make separate DataContexts for all of the databases. So how can I solve this problem? Or should I just not bother and use one database only?

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  • Decimal point removed from decimals in a Serialized XML

    - by MiguelM
    I'm using XmlSerializer with classes created from a xsd using xsd.exe. It has worked fine for months. Now I'm receiving reports that in some cases the created xml file has all decimals serialized without a decimal point, e.g. 123.45 is serialized as 12345. I haven't been able to reproduce the problem, but I'm suspecting it may be related to localization. This is my first C# project, so I may be overlooking something basic. Could localization cause this problem? How can I make the serialization process locale independent? Any idea of something else that could cause this problem?

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  • How do I create a point system in a Rails app that assigns points to users and non-authenticated-use

    - by codyvbrown
    I'm building a question and answer application on top of twitter and I'm hitting some snags because I'm inevitably dealing with two classes of users: authenticated and non-authenticated. The site enable users to give points to other users, who may or may not be authenticated, and I want to create a site-wide point system where the application stores and displays this information on their profile. I want to save this point data to the user because that would be faster and more efficient but non-authenticated users aren't in our system, we only have the twitter handle. So instead we display the points in our system like this: @points = point.all( :select => "tag, count(*) AS count", # Return tag and count :group => 'tag', # Group by the tag :order => "2 desc", :conditions => {:twitter_handle => params[:username]}) Is there a better way to do this? Is there a better way to associate data with non-authenticated users?

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  • JRI Fatal Error on Ubuntu

    - by Peter Jackson
    I have successfully installed JRI and rJava on Windows 7. I am now trying to get it to work on Ubuntu with 64bit OS. I can make rJava calls from within R but getting JRI to work is more difficult. I am running NetBeans 7.1.2 and I have followed various tricks in setting R_HOME and java.library.path to enable all the classes to be loaded. That is, I am past the error messages such as "jri library not found" and "R_HOME not set". From my java code,I can see that R_HOME = /usr/lib64/R. The error message I get now is Fatal error: you must specify '--save', '--no-save' or '--vanilla' This happens when Rengine is first called: Rengine r = new Rengine(args,false,null); This appears to be an error message from R; it seems to be expecting a command line argument. I haven't seen any posting with this error message. Any ideas? Thanks, Peter

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  • Figuring out what makes a C++ class abstract in VS2008

    - by suszterpatt
    I'm using VS2008 to build a plain old C++ program (not C++/CLI). I have an abstract base class and a non-abstract derived class, and building this: Base* obj; obj = new Derived(); fails with the error "'Derived': cannot instantiate abstract class". (It may be worth noting, however, that if I hover over Base with the cursor, VS will pop up a tooltip saying "class Base abstract", but hovering over Derived will only say "class Derived" (no "abstract")). The definitions of these classes are fairly large and I'd like to avoid manually checking if each method has been overridden. Can VS do this for me somehow? Any general tips on pinpointing the exact parts of the class' definition that make it abstract?

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  • How do I create an ant builder file (build.xml) for an existing Java project?

    - by Amir Rachum
    Hi all, I am working on an Java assignment for a software design course in my university. It's not really complicated and it includes some classes, interfaces and jUnit test cases. We we're now told we should supply a build.xml file as an input for an ant builder. I have never heard of or used ant before. I also saw Eclipse supports it. My question is - What does build.xml does? How does Eclipse builds my project and why not do the same instead of using ant? And most important - how to create this file with Eclipse? Thanks.

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  • How binding each column to other data source..

    - by liran
    hello, i have datagridview and Object data source : public class Data { public general general { get; set; } public Person Person { get; set; } } public class general { public int Id { get; set; } public int Name { get; set; } } public class Person { public int Tag { get; set;} } } i want to bind first column to general.id and second to person.Tag, how i do this, its is possible to bind each column to other dataSource without add any code in data, person or general classes. maybe need to add column manually? Thanks

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  • Rails + simple role system through associative table

    - by user202411
    So I have the Ninja model which has many Hovercrafts through ninja_hovercrafts (which stores the ninja_id and the hovercraft_id). It is of my understanding that this kind of arrangement should be set in a way that the associative table stores only enough information to bind two different classes. But I'd like to use the associative table to work as a very streamlined authorization hub on my application. So i'd also like this table to inform my system if this binding makes the ninja the pilot or co-pilot of a given hovercraft, through a "role" field in the table. My questions are: Is this ugly? Is this normal? Are there methods built into rails that would help me to automagically create Ninjas and Hovercrafts associations WITH the role? For exemple, could I have a nested form to create both ninjas and hcs in a way that the role field in ninjas_hovercrafts would be also filled? If managing my application roles this way isn't a good idea, whats the non-resource heavy alternative (my app is being designed trying to avoid scalability problems such as excessive joins, includes, etc) thank you

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  • Where is BuildConfig.DEBUG?

    - by Ollie C
    My project doesn't seem to be aware of this new constant that's apparently auto-generated in Android Tools r17 builds: "Added a feature that allows you to run some code only in debug mode. Builds now generate a class called BuildConfig containing a DEBUG constant that is automatically set according to your build type. You can check the (BuildConfig.DEBUG) constant in your code to run debug-only functions such as outputting debug logs." I've confirmed that this class is not being auto-generated anywhere in my project by the new tools. I deleted all project outputs (including all gen folders) and rebuilt, and only R.java classes are being generated. Why are the tools not generating the BuildConfig class? It may be relevant that I'm using IntelliJ.

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  • "Packages cannot be nested"

    - by Artemix
    Hi guys, Im having a problem with Flex 4 beta 2... I cant call a class using: " For some reason, no matter what I do, the error is always the same. "Packages cannot be nested". I googled it and I found links to help.adobe.com... but they are all broken links... So, is this a Flex bug or there is a new way to use external classes in Flash Builder 4?.. Thx in advance.

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  • How can I make a UIPickerView like a UIDatePicker?

    - by iamthepiguy
    I have a custom UIViewController subclass which acts as Datasource and Delegate for a UIPickerView which I would like to serve two different purposes, as each are simple enough, and don't really warrant separate files. One operation must be as a custom picker, and this works fine. However, for the other operation, I want it to act just like a UIDatePicker. The problem is, UIDatePicker is a subclass of UIControl, not UIPickerView. Is there any sort of enum value I can set in a method (or other way) that will set the UIPickerView to act as a date picker? Or do I have to make two completely different classes and use them differently (pain in the ass)?

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