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  • is this a correct way to generate rsa keys?

    - by calccrypto
    is this code going to give me correct values for RSA keys (assuming that the other functions are correct)? im having trouble getting my program to decrypt properly, as in certain blocks are not decrypting properly this is in python: import random def keygen(bits): p = q = 3 while p == q: p = random.randint(2**(bits/2-2),2**(bits/2)) q = random.randint(2**(bits/2-2),2**(bits/2)) p += not(p&1) # changes the values from q += not(q&1) # even to odd while MillerRabin(p) == False: # checks for primality p -= 2 while MillerRabin(q) == False: q -= 2 n = p * q tot = (p-1) * (q-1) e = tot while gcd(tot,e) != 1: e = random.randint(3,tot-1) d = getd(tot,e) # gets the multiplicative inverse while d<0: # i can probably replace this with mod d = d + tot return e,d,n one set of keys generated: e = 3daf16a37799d3b2c951c9baab30ad2d d = 16873c0dd2825b2e8e6c2c68da3a5e25 n = dc2a732d64b83816a99448a2c2077ced

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  • Multi-argument decorators in 2.6

    - by wheaties
    Generally don't do OO-programming in Python. This project requires it and am running into a bit of trouble. Here's my scratch code for attempting to figure out where it went wrong: class trial(object): def output( func, x ): def ya( self, y ): return func( self, x ) + y return ya def f1( func ): return output( func, 1 ) @f1 def sum1( self, x ): return x which doesn't compile. I've attempted to add the @staticmethod tag to the "output" and "f1" functions but to no avail. Normally I'd do this def output( func, x ): def ya( y ): return func( x ) + y return ya def f1( func ): return output( func, 1 ) @f1 def sum1( x ): return x which does work. So how do I get this going in a class?

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  • Turning A Stacked List into workable data

    - by BoSox
    In Excel I have a list of names that in the cell appear stacked, and I want each name in its own column. I was thinking Python may be a good way to do this? Example: Joe Smith John Hawk Mike Green Lauren Smith One cell will look exactly like that, with each name on its line within the cell but all of the names contained in the cell. I have 50 cells each with 1-20 stacked names and I want to put each name in its own cell on a given row. So, in my example all of those names would occupy the same row but each would have their own column. Any ideas?

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  • Returning more than one result

    - by Hairr
    I'm using the following code: def recentchanges(bot=False,rclimit=20): """ @description: Gets the last 20 pages edited on the recent changes and who the user who edited it """ recent_changes_data = { 'action':'query', 'list':'recentchanges', 'rcprop':'user|title', 'rclimit':rclimit, 'format':'json' } if bot is False: recent_changes_data['rcshow'] = '!bot' else: pass data = urllib.urlencode(recent_changes_data) response = opener.open('http://runescape.wikia.com/api.php',data) content = json.load(response) pages = tuple(content['query']['recentchanges']) for title in pages: return title['title'] When I do recentchanges() I only get one result. If I print it though, all the pages are printed. Am I just misunderstanding or is this something relating to python? Also, opener is: cj = CookieJar() opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cj))

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  • Faster way to convert from 24 bit wav pcm format to float?

    - by LMO
    I need to read data in from a wav file in 24 bit pcm format, and convert to float. I'm using Python 2.7.2. The wave package reads the data in as a string, so what I've tried is: # read in entire wav file wdata = f.readframes(nFrames) # unpack into signed integers and convert to float data = array.array('f') for i in range(0,nFrames*3,3): data.append(float(struct.unpack('<i', '\x00'+ wdata[i:i+3])[0])) # normalize sample values data = data / 0x800000 This is quite a bit faster than my earlier approaches, but still quite slow. Can anyone suggest a more efficient method?

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  • Close a tag with no text in lxml

    - by PulpFiction
    I am trying to output a XML file using Python and lxml However, I notice one thing that if a tag has no text, it does not close itself. An example of this would be: root = etree.Element('document') rootTree = etree.ElementTree(root) firstChild = etree.SubElement(root, 'test') The output of this is: <document> <test/> </document I want the output to be: <document> <test> </test> </document> So basically I want to close a tag which has no text, but is used to the attribute value. How do I do that? And also, what is such a tag called? I would have Googled it, but I don't know how to search for it.

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  • django + xmppy: send a message to two recipients

    - by Agrajag
    I'm trying to use xmpppy for sending jabber-messages from a django-website. This works entirely fine. However, the message only gets sent to the -first- of the recipients in the list. This happens when I run the following function from django, and also if I run it from an interactive python-shell. The weird part though, is that if I extract the -body- of the function and run that interactively, then all the recipients (there's just 2 at the moment) get the message. Also, I do know that the inner for-loop gets run the correct count times (2), because the print-statement does run twice, and return two different message-ids. The function looks like this: def hello_jabber(request, text): jid=xmpp.protocol.JID(settings.JABBER_ID) cl=xmpp.Client(jid.getDomain(),debug=[]) con=cl.connect() auth=cl.auth(jid.getNode(),settings.JABBER_PW,resource=jid.getResource()) for friend in settings.JABBER_FRIENDS: id=cl.send(xmpp.protocol.Message(friend,friend + ' is awesome:' + text)) print 'sent message with id ' + str(id) cl.disconnect() return render_to_response('jabber/sent.htm', locals())

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  • Duplicate an AppEngine Query object to create variations of a filter without affecting the base quer

    - by Steve Mayne
    In my AppEngine project I have a need to use a certain filter as a base then apply various different extra filters to the end, retrieving the different result sets separately. e.g.: base_query = MyModel.all().filter('mainfilter', 123) Then I need to use the results of various sub queries separately: subquery1 = basequery.filter('subfilter1', 'xyz') #Do something with subquery1 results here subquery2 = basequery.filter('subfilter2', 'abc') #Do something with subquery2 results here Unfortunately 'filter()' affects the state of the basequery Query instance, rather than just returning a modified version. Is there any way to duplicate the Query object and use it as a base? Is there perhaps a standard Python way of duping an object that could be used? The extra filters are actually applied by the results of different forms dynamically within a wizard, and they use the 'running total' of the query in their branch to assess whether to ask further questions. Obviously I could pass around a rudimentary stack of filter criteria, but I'd rather use the Query itself if possible, as it adds simplicity and elegance to the solution.

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  • Avoid IF statement after condition has been met

    - by greye
    I have a division operation inside a cycle that repeats many times. It so happens that in the first few passes through the loop (more or less first 10 loops) the divisor is zero. Once it gains value, a div by zero error is not longer possible. I have an if condition to test the divisor value in order to avoid the div by zero, but I am wondering that there is a performance impact that evaluating this if will have for each run in subsequent loops, especially since I know it's of no use anymore. How should this be coded? in Python?

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  • Are mathamatical Algorithms protected by copyright

    - by analogy
    I wish to implement an algorithm which i read in a journal paper in my software (commercial). I want to know if this is allowed or not. The algorithm in question is described in http://arxiv.org/abs/0709.2938 It is a very simple algorithm and a number of implementations exist in python (http://igraph.sourceforge.net/) and java. One of them is in gpl another which i got from a different researcher and had no license attached. There are significant differences in two implementations, e.g. second one uses threads and multiple cores. It is possible to rewrite/ (not translate) the algorithm. So can I use it in my software or on a server for commercial purpose. Thanks

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  • looking for a set union find algorithm

    - by Mig
    I have thousands of lines of 1 to 100 numbers, every line define a group of numbers and a relationship among them. I need to get the sets of related numbers. Little Example: If I have this 7 lines of data T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T1 T5 T4 T3 T4 I need a not so slow algorith to know that the sets here are: T1 T2 T6 (because T1 is related with T2 in the first line and T1 related with T6 in the line 5) T3 T4 T5 (because T5 is with T4 in line 6 and T3 is with T4 in line 7) but when you have very big sets is painfully slow to do a search of a T(x) in every big set, and do unions of sets... etc. Do you have a hint to do this in a not so brute force manner? I'm trying to do this in python. Thanks

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  • How to return a value when destroying/cleaning-up an object instance

    - by Mridang Agarwalla
    When I initiate a class in Python, I give it some values. I then call method in the class which does something. Here's a snippet: class TestClass(): def __init__(self): self.counter = 0 def doSomething(self): self.counter = self.counter + 1 print 'Hiya' if __name__ == "__main__": obj = TestClass() obj.doSomething() obj.doSomething() obj.doSomething() print obj.counter As you can see, everytime I call the doSomething method, it prints some text and increments an internal variable i.e. counter. When I initiate the class, i set the counter variable to 0. When I destroy the object, I'd like to return the internal counter variable. What would be a good way of doing this? I wanted to know if there were other ways apart from doing stuff like: accessing the variable directly. Like obj.counter. creating a method like getCounter. Thanks.

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  • Converting datetime.ctime() values to Unicode

    - by Malcolm
    I would like to convert datetime.ctime() values to Unicode. Using Python 2.6.4 running under Windows I can set my locale to Spanish like below: import locale locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'esp' ) Then I can pass %a, %A, %b, and %B to ctime() to get day and month names and abbreviations. import datetime dateValue = datetime.date( 2010, 5, 15 ) dayName = dateValue.strftime( '%A' ) dayName 's\xe1bado' How do I convert the 's\xe1bado' value to Unicode? Specifically what encoding do I use? I'm thinking I might do something like the following, but I'm not sure this is the right approach. codePage = locale.getdefaultlocale()[ 1 ] dayNameUnicode = unicode( dayName, codePage ) dayNameUnicode u's\xe1bado' Malcolm

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  • Google App Engine Database Index

    - by fjsj
    I need to store a undirected graph in a Google App Engine database. For optimization purposes, I am thinking to use database indexes. Using Google App Engine, is there any way to define the columns of a database table to create its index? I will need some optimization, since my app uses this stored undirected graph on a content-based filtering for item recommendation. Also, the recommender algorithm updates the weights of some graph's edges. If it is not possible to use database indexes, please suggest another method to reduce query time for the graph table. I believe my algorithm does more data retrieval operations from graph table than write operations. PS: I am using Python.

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  • Launching browser within CherryPy

    - by Alan Harris-Reid
    I have a html page displayed using... cherrypy.quickstart(ShowHTML(htmlfile), config=configfile) Once the page is loaded (eg. initiated via. the command 'python mypage.py'), I would like to automatically launch the browser to display the page (eg. via. http://localhost/8000). Is there any way I can achieve this (eg. via. a hook within CherryPy), or do I have to call-up the browser manually (eg. by double-clicking an icon)? TIA Alan

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  • Obtain Latitude and Longitude from a GeoTIFF File

    - by Mikee
    Using GDAL in Python, how do you get the latitude and longitude of a GeoTIFF file? GeoTIFF's do not appear to store any coordinate information. Instead, they store the XY Origin coordinates. However, the XY coordinates do not provide the latitude and longitude of the top left corner and bottom left corner. It appears I will need to do some math to solve this problem, but I don't have a clue on where to start. What procedure is required to have this performed? I know that the GetGeoTransform() method is important for this, however, I don't know what to do with it from there.

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  • Regex for finding valid sphinx fields

    - by mlissner
    I'm trying to validate that the fields given to sphinx are valid, but I'm having difficulty. Imagine that valid fields are cat, mouse, dog, puppy. Valid searches would then be: @cat search terms @(cat) search terms @(cat, dog) search term @cat searchterm1 @dog searchterm2 @(cat, dog) searchterm1 @mouse searchterm2 So, I want to use a regular expression to find terms such as cat, dog, mouse in the above examples, and check them against a list of valid terms. Thus, a query such as: @(goat) Would produce an error because goat is not a valid term. I've gotten so that I can find simple queries such as @cat with this regex: (?:@)([^( ]*) But I can't figure out how to find the rest. I'm using python & django, for what that's worth.

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  • Confusion between numpy, scipy, matplotlib and pylab

    - by goFrendiAsgard
    Numpy, scipy, matplotlib, and pylab are common terms among they who use python for scientific computation. I just learn a bit about pylab, and I got a lot of confusion. Whenever I want to import numpy, I can always do: import numpy as np I just consider, that once I do from pylab import * The numpy will be imported as well (with np alias). So basically the second one do more things compared to the first one. There are few things I want to ask. Is it right that pylab is just a wrapper for numpy, scipy and matplotlib? As np is the numpy alias, what is the scipy and matplotlib alias? (as far as I know, plt is alias of matplotlib.pyplot, but I don't know the alias for the matplotlib itself) Thanks in advance.

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  • Dynamic resize with MPlayer and PyGTK

    - by alex
    Hi everyone; I've wrote a piece of code in python and pygtk for an embeded mplayer in a gui. I assume I use GtkSocket and the slave mode of mplayer with the -wid option. But I've got an issue, when the size of my GTK window is smaller than my stream, the stream appears to be cropped. And when the size of my window is bigger than my stream, the stream appear centred inside the widget which embed MPlayer. (a gtk.Frame but I've also try with a gtk.DrawingArea) I would like to know how I can get my stream resize dynamically depending on the window's size. I don't want to use Glade or any GUI builder. Thanks in advance for any help, and please excuse my poor english.

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  • How do you PEP 8-name a class whose name is an acronym?

    - by Arrieta
    I try to adhere to the style guide for Python code (also known as PEP 8). Accordingly, the preferred way to name a class is using CamelCase: Almost without exception, class names use the CapWords convention. Classes for internal use have a leading underscore in addition. How can I be consistent with PEP 8 if my class name is formed by two acronyms (which in proper English should be capitalized). For instance, if my class name was 'NASA JPL', what would you name it?: class NASAJPL(): # 1 class NASA_JPL(): # 2 class NasaJpl(): # 3 I am using #1, but it looks weird; #3 looks weird too, and #2 seems to violate PEP 8. Thoughts?

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  • Django 1.2 crash course needed

    - by delusionalweekendwarrior
    I know Python but I've never used Django. What do I need to know about Django 1.2 to port my typical PHP CRUD web application in one weekend? (Yes I've read Joel Spolsky's Netscape article :-)) I'm reading this tutorial right now and it's excellent. I'm already playing around with inspectdb to generate my models from the existing schema. I'm planning to use the following features of Django this weekend: Fragment caching Static asset versioning (for far future expires) Schema migrations (or whatever they're called in Django) Auto-admin (and customize it later) The test framework ...other stuff I probably don't know about yet I'm familiar with all these concepts in other languages/frameworks, except for the ORM which I've never used. I know SQL pretty well though. Any links, sage bits of advice, gotchas, stuff not mentioned in the (excellent) tutorial/docs, or stuff that is mentioned but warrants repeating == very welcome. Thanks!

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  • Unittest and mock

    - by user1410756
    I'm testing with unittest in python and it's ok. Now, I have introduced mock and I need to resolve a question. This is my code: from mock import Mock import unittest class Matematica(object): def __init__(self, op1, op2): self.op1 = op1 self.op2 = op2 def adder(self): return self.op1 + self.op2 def subs(self): return abs(self.op1 - self.op2) def molt(self): return self.op1 * self.op2 def divid(self): return self.op1 / self.op2 class TestMatematica(unittest.TestCase): """Test della classe Matematica""" def testing(self): """Somma""" mat = Matematica(10,20) self.assertEqual(mat.adder(),30) """Sottrazione""" self.assertEqual(mat.subs(),10) class test_mock(object): def __init__(self, matematica): self.matematica = matematica def execute(self): self.matematica.adder() self.matematica.adder() self.matematica.subs() if __name__ == "__main__": result = unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(TestMatematica('testing')) a = Matematica(10,20) b = test_mock(a) b.execute() mock_foo = Mock(b.execute)#return_value = 'rafa') mock_foo() print mock_foo.called print mock_foo.call_count print mock_foo.method_calls This code is functionally and result of print is: True, 1, [] . Now, I need to count how many times are called self.matematica.adder() and self.matematica.subs() . THANKS

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  • Using Property Builtin with GAE Datastore's Model

    - by ejel
    I want to make attributes of GAE Model properties. The reason is for cases like to turn the value into uppercase before storing it. For a plain Python class, I would do something like: Foo(db.Model): def get_attr(self): return self.something def set_attr(self, value): self.something = value.upper() if value != None else None attr = property(get_attr, set_attr) However, GAE Datastore have their own concept of Property class, I looked into the documentation and it seems that I could override get_value_for_datastore(model_instance) to achieve my goal. Nevertheless, I don't know what model_instance is and how to extract the corresponding field from it. Is overriding GAE Property classes the right way to provides getter/setter-like functionality? If so, how to do it? Added: One potential issue of overriding get_value_for_datastore that I think of is it might not get called before the object was put into datastore. Hence getting the attribute before storing the object would yield an incorrect value.

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  • How to find full module path of a class to import in other file

    - by Pooya
    I have method that returns module path of given class name def findModulePath(path, className): attributes = [] for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path): for source in (s for s in files if s.endswith(".py")): name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(source))[0] full_name = os.path.splitext(source)[0].replace(os.path.sep, '.') m = imp.load_module(full_name, *imp.find_module(name, [root])) try: attr = getattr(m, className) attributes.append(attr) except: pass if len(attributes) <= 0: raise Exception, "Class %s not found" % className for element in attributes: print "%s.%s" % (element.__module__, className) but it does not return the full path of the module, For example I have a python file named "objectmodel" in objects package,and it contains a Model class, So I call findModulePath(MyProjectPath,"Model"). it prints objectmodel.Model but I need objects.objectmodel.Model

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  • reinitialize an object with self.__init__(...)

    - by Kara Jevo
    Could anybody explain whether it is safe to reinitialize an object by calling "self.init(". as shown in the following simplified example? The reason i'm asking is that i couldn't find this method neither in several python books nor in internet. There are some who suggest to list all attributes and set them to initial value one by one. Basically i want to set my object to initial state after it has finished some tasks. class Book(object): def __init__(self,name,author): self.name = name self.author = author self.copies = 5 def reset(self): self.__init__(self.name,self.author) def incrementCopy(self): self.copies += 1 Kite = Book('kite runner','khaled hosseini') print 'initial number of copies:', Kite.copies Kite.incrementCopy() Kite.incrementCopy() Kite.incrementCopy() print '3 copies are added:', Kite.copies Kite.reset() print 'number of copies are reinitialized', Kite.copies initial number of copies: 5 3 copies are added: 8 number of copies are reinitialized 5

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