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  • Session variables not getting set but only in Internet Explorer and not on all machines

    - by gaoshan88
    Logging into a site I'm working on functions as expected on my local machine but fails on the remote server but ONLY in Internet Explorer. The kicker is that it works in IE locally, just not on the remote machine. What in the world could cause this? I have stepped through the code on the remote machine and can see the entered login values being checked in the database, they are found and then a login function is called. This sets two $_SESSION variables and redirects to the main admin page. However, in IE only (and not when run on local machine... this is key) the $_SESSION variables are not present by the time you get to the main admin page. var_dump($_SESSION) gives me what I expect on every browser when I am running this in my local environment and in every browser except IE 6, 7 and 8 when run on the remote server (where I get a null value as if nothing has been set for $_SESSION). This really has me stumped so any advice is appreciated. For an example... in IE, run locally, var_dump gives me: array 'Username' => string 'theusername' length=11 'UserID' => string 'somevalue' length=9 Run on the remote server (IE only... works fine in other browsers) var_dump gives me: array(0){} Code: $User = GetUser($Username, $Password); if ($User->UserID <> "") { // this works so we call Login()... Login($User); // this also works and gives expected results. on to redirect... header("Location: index.php"); // a var_dump at index.php shows that there is no session data at all in IE, remotely. } else { header("Location: login.php"); } function Login($data) { $_SESSION['Username'] = $data->Username; $_SESSION['UserID'] = $data->UserID; // a var dump here gives the expected data in every browser }

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  • Partial template specialization for more than one typename

    - by Matt Joiner
    In the following code, I want to consider functions (Ops) that have void return to instead be considered to return true. The type Retval, and the return value of Op are always matching. I'm not able to discriminate using the type traits shown here, and attempts to create a partial template specialization based on Retval have failed due the presence of the other template variables, Op and Args. How do I specialize only some variables in a template specialization without getting errors? Is there any other way to alter behaviour based on the return type of Op? template <typename Retval, typename Op, typename... Args> Retval single_op_wrapper( Retval const failval, char const *const opname, Op const op, Cpfs &cpfs, Args... args) { try { CallContext callctx(cpfs, opname); Retval retval; if (std::is_same<bool, Retval>::value) { (callctx.*op)(args...); retval = true; } else { retval = (callctx.*op)(args...); } assert(retval != failval); callctx.commit(cpfs); return retval; } catch (CpfsError const &exc) { cpfs_errno_set(exc.fserrno); LOGF(Info, "Failed with %s", cpfs_errno_str(exc.fserrno)); } return failval; }

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  • TicTacToe strategic reduction

    - by NickLarsen
    I decided to write a small program that solves TicTacToe in order to try out the effect of some pruning techniques on a trivial game. The full game tree using minimax to solve it only ends up with 549,946 possible games. With alpha-beta pruning, the number of states required to evaluate was reduced to 18,297. Then I applied a transposition table that brings the number down to 2,592. Now I want to see how low that number can go. The next enhancement I want to apply is a strategic reduction. The basic idea is to combine states that have equivalent strategic value. For instance, on the first move, if X plays first, there is nothing strategically different (assuming your opponent plays optimally) about choosing one corner instead of another. In the same situation, the same is true of the center of the walls of the board, and the center is also significant. By reducing to significant states only, you end up with only 3 states for evaluation on the first move instead of 9. This technique should be very useful since it prunes states near the top of the game tree. This idea came from the GameShrink method created by a group at CMU, only I am trying to avoid writing the general form, and just doing what is needed to apply the technique to TicTacToe. In order to achieve this, I modified my hash function (for the transposition table) to enumerate all strategically equivalent positions (using rotation and flipping functions), and to only return the lowest of the values for each board. Unfortunately now my program thinks X can force a win in 5 moves from an empty board when going first. After a long debugging session, it became apparent to me the program was always returning the move for the lowest strategically significant move (I store the last move in the transposition table as part of my state). Is there a better way I can go about adding this feature, or a simple method for determining the correct move applicable to the current situation with what I have already done?

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  • OnConnect event not firing when using TClientSocket inside a TThread on non-blocking mode

    - by mathematician1975
    I am trying to make use of Borlands TClientSocket component in non-blocking mode inside a multithreaded C++ Windows application. I am creating multiple threads (classes derived from TThread), each of which creates its own TClientSocket object. I then assign member functions of the thread class to act as event handlers for the OnConnect, OnDisconnect and OnSocketError events of the socket. The problem I am having here is that whenever I call the TClientSocket::Open() function from within the TThread::Execute() function, the OnConnect event never fires. However, When I call the Open() function from the VCL thread prior to the TThread::Execute() function getting called, all of the events fire and I can use the thread-socket combination as I would like. Now I have not read anything in documentation that says that TClientSocket should not be used in non-blocking mode when used inside a thread, but it appears to me that there is perhaps something wrong conceptually in the way I am trying to use this class. Borland documentation is quite poor on the subject and these components have now been deprecated so reliable information is hard to come by. Despite being deprecated I have to use them as there is no alternative in the Builder 6 package I have. Can anyone please advise me if there is a right/wrong way to use TThread and a non-blocking TClientSocket in combination. I have never had problems using it as part of the VCL thread and never had problems using TServerSocket before and I really cannot understand why some events are not firing.

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  • Elegantly determine if more than one boolean is "true"

    - by Ola Tuvesson
    I have a set of five boolean values. If more than one of these are true I want to excecute a particular function. What is the most elegant way you can think of that would allow me to check this condition in a single if() statement? Target language is C# but I'm interested in solutions in other languages as well (as long as we're not talking about specific built-in functions). One interesting option is to store the booleans in a byte, do a right shift and compare with the original byte. Something like if(myByte && (myByte 1)) But this would require converting the separate booleans to a byte (via a bitArray?) and that seems a bit (pun intended) clumsy... [edit]Sorry, that should have been if(myByte & (myByte - 1)) [/edit] Note: This is of course very close to the classical "population count", "sideways addition" or "Hamming weight" programming problem - but not quite the same. I don't need to know how many of the bits are set, only if it is more than one. My hope is that there is a much simpler way to accomplish this.

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  • How Can I Find a List of All Exceptions That a Given Library Function Throws in Python?

    - by b14ck
    Sorry for the long title, but it seems most descriptive for my question. Basically, I'm having a difficult time finding exception information in the official python documentation. For example, in one program I'm currently writing, I'm using the shutil libary's move function: from shutil import move move('somefile.txt', '/tmp/somefile.txt') That works fine, as long as I have write access to /tmp/, there is enough diskspace, and if all other requirements are satisfied. However, when writing generic code, it is often difficult to guarantee those factors, so one usually uses exceptions: from shutil import move try: move('somefile.txt', '/tmp/somefile.txt') except: print 'Move failed for some reason.' I'd like to actually catch the appropriate exceptions thrown instead of just catching everything, but I simply can't find a list of exceptions thrown for most python modules. Is there a way for me to see which exceptions a given function can throw, and why? This way I can make appropriate cases for each exception, eg: from shutil import move try: move('somefile.txt', '/tmp/somefile.txt') except PermissionDenied: print 'No permission.' except DestinationDoesNotExist: print "/tmp/ doesn't exist" except NoDiskSpace: print 'No diskspace available.' Answer points go to whoever can either link me to some relevant documentation that I've somehow overlooked in the official docs, or provide a sure-fire way to figure out exactly which exceptions are thrown by which functions, and why. Thanks!

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  • Improving File Read Performance (single file, C++, Windows)

    - by david
    I have large (hundreds of MB or more) files that I need to read blocks from using C++ on Windows. Currently the relevant functions are: errorType LargeFile::read( void* data_out, __int64 start_position, __int64 size_bytes ) const { if( !m_open ) { // return error } else { seekPosition( start_position ); DWORD bytes_read; BOOL result = ReadFile( m_file, data_out, DWORD( size_bytes ), &bytes_read, NULL ); if( size_bytes != bytes_read || result != TRUE ) { // return error } } // return no error } void LargeFile::seekPosition( __int64 position ) const { LARGE_INTEGER target; target.QuadPart = LONGLONG( position ); SetFilePointerEx( m_file, target, NULL, FILE_BEGIN ); } The performance of the above does not seem to be very good. Reads are on 4K blocks of the file. Some reads are coherent, most are not. A couple questions: Is there a good way to profile the reads? What things might improve the performance? For example, would sector-aligning the data be useful? I'm relatively new to file i/o optimization, so suggestions or pointers to articles/tutorials would be helpful.

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  • How can I remove relative path components but leave symlinks alone in Perl?

    - by jnylen
    I need to get Perl to remove relative path components from a Linux path. I've found a couple of functions that almost do what I want, but: File::Spec->rel2abs does too little. It does not resolve ".." into a directory properly. Cwd::realpath does too much. It resolves all symbolic links in the path, which I do not want. Perhaps the best way to illustrate how I want this function to behave is to post a bash log where FixPath is a hypothetical command that gives the desired output: '/tmp/test'$ mkdir -p a/b/c1 a/b/c2 '/tmp/test'$ cd a '/tmp/test/a'$ ln -s b link '/tmp/test/a'$ ls b link '/tmp/test/a'$ cd b '/tmp/test/a/b'$ ls c1 c2 '/tmp/test/a/b'$ FixPath . # rel2abs works here ===> /tmp/test/a/b '/tmp/test/a/b'$ FixPath .. # realpath works here ===> /tmp/test/a '/tmp/test/a/b'$ FixPath c1 # rel2abs works here ===> /tmp/test/a/b/c1 '/tmp/test/a/b'$ FixPath ../b # realpath works here ===> /tmp/test/a/b '/tmp/test/a/b'$ FixPath ../link/c1 # neither one works here ===> /tmp/test/a/link/c1 '/tmp/test/a/b'$ FixPath missing # should work for nonexistent files ===> /tmp/test/a/b/missing

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  • RTTI Dynamic array TValue Delphi 2010

    - by user558126
    Hello I have a question. I am a newbie with Run Time Type Information from Delphi 2010. I need to set length to a dynamic array into a TValue. You can see the code. Type TMyArray = array of integer; TMyClass = class publihed function Do:TMyArray; end; function TMyClass.Do:TMyArray; begin SetLength(Result,5); for i:=0 to 4 Result[i]=3; end; ....... ....... ...... y:TValue; Param:array of TValue; ......... y=Methods[i].Invoke(Obj,Param);//delphi give me a DynArray type kind, is working, Param works to any functions. if Method[i].ReturnType.TypeKind = tkDynArray then//is working... begin I want to set length for y to 10000//i don't know how to write. end; I don't like Generics Collections.

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  • Recursion in assembly?

    - by Davis
    I'm trying to get a better grasp of assembly, and I am a little confused about how to recursively call functions when I have to deal with registers, popping/pushing, etc. I am embedding x86 assembly in C++. Here I am trying to make a method which given an array of integers will build a linked list containing these integers in the order they appear in the array. I am doing this by calling a recursive function: insertElem (struct elem *head, struct elem *newElem, int data) -head: head of the list -data: the number that will be inserted at the end of a list -newElem: points to the location in memory where I will store the new element (data field) My problem is that I keep overwriting the registers instead of a typical linked list. For example, if I give it an array {2,3,1,8,3,9} my linked-list will return the first element (head) and only the last element, because the elements keep overwriting each other after head is no longer null. So here my linked list looks something like: 2--9 instead of 2--3--1--8--3--9 I feel like I don't have a grasp on how to organize and handle the registers. newElem is in EBX and just keeps getting rewritten. Thanks in advance!

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  • How to re-prompt after a trap return in bash?

    - by verbose
    I have a script that is supposed to trap SIGTERM and SIGTSTP. This is what I have in the main block: trap 'killHandling' TERM And in the function: killHandling () { echo received kill signal, ignoring return } ... and similar for SIGINT. The problem is one of user interface. The script prompts the user for some input, and if the SIGTERM or SIGINT occurs when the script is waiting for input, it's confusing. Here is the output in that case: Enter something: # SIGTERM received received kill signal, ignoring # shell waits at blank line for user input, user gets confused # user hits "return", which then gets read as blank input from the user # bad things happen because of the blank input I have definitely seen scripts which handle this more elegantly, like so: Enter something: # SIGTERM received received kill signal, ignoring Enter something: # re-prompts user for user input, user is not confused What is the mechanism used to accomplish the latter? Unfortunately I can't simply change my trap code to do the re-prompt as the script prompts the user for several things and what the prompt says is context-dependent. And there has to be a better way than writing context-dependent trap functions. I'd be very grateful for any pointers. Thanks!

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  • Python: Does one of these examples waste more memory?

    - by orokusaki
    In a Django view function which uses manual transaction committing, I have: context = RequestContext(request, data) transaction.commit() return render_to_response('basic.html', data, context) # Returns a Django ``HttpResponse`` object which is similar to a dictionary. I think it is a better idea to do this: context = RequestContext(request, data) response = render_to_response('basic.html', data, context) transaction.commit() return response If the page isn't rendered correctly in the second version, the transaction is rolled back. This seems like the logical way of doing it albeit there won't likely be many exceptions at that point in the function when the application is in production. But... I fear that this might cost more and this will be replete through a number of functions since the application is heavy with custom transaction handling, so now is the time to figure out. If the HttpResponse instance is in memory already (at the point of render_to_response()), then what does another reference cost? When the function ends, doesn't the reference (response variable) go away so that when Django is done converting the HttpResponse into a string for output Python can immediately garbage collect it? Is there any reason I would want to use the first version (other than "It's 1 less line of code.")?

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  • object / class methods serialized as well?

    - by Mat90
    I know that data members are saved to disk but I was wondering whether object's/class' methods are saved in binary format as well? Because I found some contradictionary info, for example: Ivor Horton: "Class objects contain function members as well as data members, and all the members, both data and functions, have access specifiers; therefore, to record objects in an external file, the information written to the file must contain complete specifications of all the class structures involved." and: Are methods also serialized along with the data members in .NET? Thus: are method's assembly instructions (opcodes and operands) stored to disk as well? Just like a precompiled LIB or DLL? During the DOS ages I used assembly so now and then. As far as I remember from Delphi and the following site (answer by dan04): Are methods also serialized along with the data members in .NET? sizeof(<OBJECT or CLASS>) will give the size of all data members together (no methods/procedures). Also a nice C example is given there with data and members declared in one class/struct but at runtime these methods are separate procedures acting on a struct of data. However, I think that later class/object implementations like Pascal's VMT may be different in memory.

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  • How to return a record from function, executed by INSERT/UPDATE rule (trigger)?

    - by seas
    Do the following scheme for my database: create sequence data_sequence; create table data_table { id integer primary key; field varchar(100); }; create view data_view as select id, field from data_table; create function data_insert(_new data_view) returns data_view as $$declare _id integer; _result data_view%rowtype; begin _id := nextval('data_sequence'); insert into data_table(id, field) values(_id, _new.field); select * into _result from data_view where id = _id; return _result; end; $$ language plpgsql; create rule insert as on insert to data_view do instead select data_insert(new); Then type in psql: insert into data_view(field) values('abc'); Would like to see something like: id | field ----+--------- 1 | abc Instead see: data_insert ------------- (1, "abc") Is it possible to fix this somehow? Thanks for any ideas. Ultimate idea is to use this in other functions, so that I could obtain id of just inserted record without selecting for it from scratch. Something like: insert into data_view(field) values('abc') returning id into my_variable would be nice but doesn't work with error: ERROR: cannot perform INSERT RETURNING on relation "data_view" HINT: You need an unconditional ON INSERT DO INSTEAD rule with a RETURNING clause. I don't really understand that HINT. I use PostgreSQL 8.4.

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  • How to determine which inheriting class is using an abstract class's methods.

    - by Kin
    In my console application have an abstract Factory class "Listener" which contains code for listening and accepting connections, and spawning client classes. This class is inherited by two more classes (WorldListener, and MasterListener) that contain more protocol specific overrides and functions. I also have a helper class (ConsoleWrapper) which encapsulates and extends System.Console, containing methods for writing to console info on what is happening to instances of the WorldListener and MasterListener. I need a way to determine in the abstract ListenerClass which Inheriting class is calling its methods. Any help with this problem would be greatly appreciated! I am stumped :X Simplified example of what I am trying to do. abstract class Listener { public void DoSomething() { if(inheriting class == WorldListener) ConsoleWrapper.WorldWrite("Did something!"); if(inheriting class == MasterListener) ConsoleWrapper.MasterWrite("Did something!"); } } public static ConsoleWrapper { public void WorldWrite(string input) { System.Console.WriteLine("[World] {0}", input); } } public class WorldListener : Listener { public void DoSomethingSpecific() { ConsoleWrapper.WorldWrite("I did something specific!"); } } public void Main() { new WorldListener(); new MasterListener(); } Expected output [World] Did something! [World] I did something specific! [Master] Did something! [World] I did something specific!

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  • Prove correctness of unit test

    - by Timo Willemsen
    I'm creating a graph framework for learning purposes. I'm using a TDD approach, so I'm writing a lot of unit tests. However, I'm still figuring out how to prove the correctness of my unit tests For example, I have this class (not including the implementation, and I have simplified it) public class SimpleGraph(){ //Returns true on success public boolean addEdge(Vertex v1, Vertex v2) { ... } //Returns true on sucess public boolean addVertex(Vertex v1) { ... } } I also have created this unit tests @Test public void SimpleGraph_addVertex_noSelfLoopsAllowed(){ SimpleGraph g = new SimpleGraph(); Vertex v1 = new Vertex('Vertex 1'); actual = g.addVertex(v1); boolean expected = false; boolean actual = g.addEdge(v1,v1); Assert.assertEquals(expected,actual); } Okay, awesome it works. There is only one crux here, I have proved that the functions work for this case only. However, in my graph theory courses, all I'm doing is proving theorems mathematically (induction, contradiction etc. etc.). So I was wondering is there a way I can prove my unit tests mathematically for correctness? So is there a good practice for this. So we're testing the unit for correctness, instead of testing it for one certain outcome.

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  • jquery autocomplete: works for first value, how to enable it for next?

    - by Toni Michel Caubet
    hello there! I'm using autocomplete so user can easly enter data on inputs, like this: <? $a = new etiqueta(0, ''); $b = $a->autocomplete_etiquetas(); ?> <script type="text/javascript"> function cargar_autocomplete_etiquetas(){ $("#tags").autocomplete({ source: [<? echo $b; ?>] }); } </script> $a = $b its an array with a result like: 'help','please',i','need','to,'be able to', 'select next item',' with autocomplete'; and i checked the ui documentation, but it doesn't fith with my source method.. any idea? I'm trying like this (edited with Bugai13 aportation): <? $a = new etiqueta(0, ''); $b = $a->autocomplete_etiquetas(); ?> <script type="text/javascript"> function cargar_autocomplete_etiquetas(){ $("#tags").autocomplete({ source: [<? echo $b; ?>], multiple: true, multipleSeparator: ", ", matchContains: true }); } </script> but i don't know how to do it.. any idea? are .push and .pop functions from the autocomplete? or shall i define, them? thanks again! PS: i'm getting adicted to this site! PS: come on dudes, i think the answer will be very usefull for many people PS: is it allowed to offer paypal reward?

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  • Event not triggering

    - by the Hampster
    I have no idea where to start on this one. I have a that does not appear until a button is clicked. This function call works: onclick="highlight('mod_sup_div', true);" function highlight(aDiv,show) { if (show) { Effect.Appear('Overlay',{duration: 0.5, to: .80}); Effect.Appear(aDiv,{duration: 0.5}) } else { Effect.Fade('Overlay',{duration: 0.5, to: .80}); Effect.Fade(aDiv,{duration: 0.5}) } } In the <div> I have a button to close the window. <p class="closer"><span onclick="highlight('mod_sup_div',false)">X</span></p> This does not work. The function is not even called, as I made a alert() the first line of the function at it does nothing. What is odd, is that onclick="Effect.Fade(aDiv,{duration: 0.5})" does work. Other simple javascript functions in the onclick="" work, except for the function call. Any help as to why this is happening would be very appreciated. Thanks, Dave

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  • Am I going the right way to make login system secure with this simple password salting?

    - by LoVeSmItH
    I have two fields in login table password salt And I have this little function to generate salt function random_salt($h_algo="sha512"){ $salt1=uniqid(rand(),TRUE); $salt2=date("YmdHis").microtime(true); if(function_exists('dechex')){ $salt2=dechex($salt2); } $salt3=$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; $salt=$salt1.$salt2.$salt3; if(function_exists('hash')){ $hash=(in_array($h_algo,hash_algos()))?$h_algo:"sha512"; $randomsalt=hash($hash,md5($salt)); //returns 128 character long hash if sha512 algorithm is used. }else{ $randomsalt=sha1(md5($salt)); //returns 40 characters long hash } return $randomsalt; } Now to create user password I have following $userinput=$_POST["password"] //don't bother about escaping, i have done it in my real project. $static_salt="THIS-3434-95456-IS-RANDOM-27883478274-SALT"; //some static hard to predict secret salt. $salt=random_salt(); //generates 128 character long hash. $password =sha1($salt.$userinput.$static_salt); $salt is saved in salt field of database and $password is saved in password field. My problem, In function random_salt(), I m having this FEELING that I'm just making things complicated while this may not generate secure salt as it should. Can someone throw me a light whether I m going in a right direction? P.S. I do have an idea about crypt functions and like such. Just want to know is my code okay? Thanks.

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  • Trait, FunctionN, or trait-inheriting-FunctionN in Scala?

    - by Willis Blackburn
    I have a trait in Scala that has a single method. Call it Computable and the single method is compute(input: Int): Int. I can't figure out whether I should Leave it as a standalone trait with a single method. Inherit from (Int = Int) and rename "compute" to "apply." Just get rid of Computable and use (Int = Int). A factor in favor of it being a trait is that I could usefully add some additional methods. But of course if they were all implemented in terms of the compute method then I could just break them out into a separate object. A factor in favor of just using the function type is simplicity and the fact that the syntax for an anonymous function is more concise than that for an anonymous Computable instance. But then I've no way to distinguish objects that are actually Computable instances from other functions that map Int to Int but aren't meant to be used in the same context as Computable. How do other people approach this type of problem? No right or wrong answers here; I'm just looking for advice.

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  • IE 7 activex object (or xmlhttprequest?) open method using POST takes 20-30 seconds to return

    - by Toddeman
    i have a problem that only shows itself in IE7. its a simple ajax call. i got my object (accounting for the browser) so in 7 i SHOULD have an ActiveXObject. when i call open with POST, it takes 20-30 seconds to return. i am using a TON of GET calls to populate information and all of these work (finally, after some bug fixing), but i am NOT a web developer so much like the other bugs i had to fix, i figured i was just missing another IE anomaly. this is not a consistent bug either, which makes it harder to find for me. most times the POST functions like it does in Firefox or Chrome, but maybe 1 out of 4 or 5 will take 20-30 seconds to return. it DOES return correctly when it returns, it just takes a long time. am i missing something simple? or is there a smarter way for me to find out exactly what is going on (like the equivalent of the firebug 'net' tab for windows?).

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  • Finding cause of memory leaks in large PHP stacks

    - by Mike B
    I have CLI script that runs over several thousand iterations between runs and it appears to have a memory leak. I'm using a tweaked version of Zend Framework with Smarty for view templating and each iteration uses several MB worth of code. The first run immediately uses nearly 8MB of memory (which is fine) but every following run adds about 80kb. My main loop looks like this (very simplified) $users = UsersModel::getUsers(); foreach($users as $user) { $obj = new doSomethingAwesome(); $obj->run($user); $obj = null; unset($obj); } The point is that everything in scope should be unset and the memory freed. My understanding is that PHP runs through its garbage collection process at it's own desire but it does so at the end of functions/methods/scripts. So something must be leaking memory inside doSomethingAwesome() but as I said it is a huge stack of code. Ideally, I would love to find some sort of tool that displayed all my variables no matter the scope at some point during execution. Some sort of symbol-table viewer for php. Does anything like that or any other tools that could help nail down memory leaks in php exist?

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  • How to encapsulate a WinAPI application into a C++ class

    - by Semen Semenych
    There is a simple WinAPI application. All it does currently is this: register a window class register a tray icon with a menu create a value in the registry in order to autostart and finally, it checks if it's unique using a mutex As I'm used to writing code mainly in C++, and no MFC is allowed, I'm forced to encapsulate this into C++ classes somehow. So far I've come up with such a design: there is a class that represents the application it keeps all the wndclass, hinstance, etc variables, where the hinstance is passed as a constructor parameter as well as the icmdshow and others (see WinMain prototype) it has functions for registering the window class, tray icon, reigstry information it encapsulates the message loop in a function In WinMain, the following is done: Application app(hInstance, szCmdLIne, iCmdShow); return app.exec(); and the constructor does the following: registerClass(); registerTray(); registerAutostart(); So far so good. Now the question is : how do I create the window procedure (must be static, as it's a c-style pointer to a function) AND keep track of what the application object is, that is, keep a pointer to an Application around. The main question is : is this how it's usually done? Am I complicating things too much? Is it fine to pass hInstance as a parameter to the Application constructor? And where's the WndProc? Maybe WndProc should be outside of class and the Application pointer be global? Then WndProc invokes Application methods in response to various events.

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  • Is there a term for this concept, and does it exist in a static-typed language?

    - by Strilanc
    Recently I started noticing a repetition in some of my code. Of course, once you notice a repetition, it becomes grating. Which is why I'm asking this question. The idea is this: sometimes you write different versions of the same class: a raw version, a locked version, a read-only facade version, etc. These are common things to do to a class, but the translations are highly mechanical. Surround all the methods with lock acquires/releases, etc. In a dynamic language, you could write a function which did this to an instance of a class (eg. iterate over all the functions, replacing them with a version which acquires/releases a lock.). I think a good term for what I mean is 'reflected class'. You create a transformation which takes a class, and returns a modified-in-a-desired-way class. Synchronization is the easiest case, but there are others: make a class immutable [wrap methods so they clone, mutate the clone, and include it in the result], make a class readonly [assuming you can identify mutating methods], make a class appear to work with type A instead of type B, etc. The important part is that, in theory, these transformations make sense at compile-time. Even though an ActorModel<T> has methods which change depending on T, they depend on T in a specific way knowable at compile-time (ActorModel<T> methods would return a future of the original result type). I'm just wondering if this has been implemented in a language, and what it's called.

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  • Function behaviour on shell(ksh) script

    - by footy
    Here are 2 different versions of a program: this Program: #!/usr/bin/ksh printmsg() { i=1 print "hello function :)"; } i=0; echo I printed `printmsg`; printmsg echo $i Output: # ksh e I printed hello function :) hello function :) 1 and Program: #!/usr/bin/ksh printmsg() { i=1 print "hello function :)"; } i=0; echo I printed `printmsg`; echo $i Output: # ksh e I printed hello function :) 0 The only difference between the above 2 programs is that printmsg is 2times in the above program while printmsg is called once in the below program. My Doubt arises here: To quote Be warned: Functions act almost just like external scripts... except that by default, all variables are SHARED between the same ksh process! If you change a variable name inside a function.... that variable's value will still be changed after you have left the function!! But we can clearly see in the 2nd program's output that the value of i remains unchanged. But we are sure that the function is called as the print statement gets the the output of the function and prints it. So why is the output different in both?

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