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  • Parse lines of integers in C

    - by Jérôme
    This is a classical problem, but I can not find a simple solution. I have an input file like: 1 3 9 13 23 25 34 36 38 40 52 54 59 2 3 9 14 23 26 34 36 39 40 52 55 59 63 67 76 85 86 90 93 99 108 114 2 4 9 15 23 27 34 36 63 67 76 85 86 90 93 99 108 115 1 25 34 36 38 41 52 54 59 63 67 76 85 86 90 93 98 107 113 2 3 9 16 24 28 2 3 10 14 23 26 34 36 39 41 52 55 59 63 67 76 Lines of different number of integers separated by a space. I would like to parse them in an array, and separate each line with a marker, let say -1. The difficulty is that I must handle integers and line returns. Here my existing code, it loops upon the scanf loop (because scanf can not begin at a given position). #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { if (argc != 4) { fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <data file> <nb transactions> <nb items>\n", argv[0]); return 1; } FILE * file; file = fopen (argv[1],"r"); if (file==NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: can not open %s\n", argv[1]); fclose(file); return 1; } int nb_trans = atoi(argv[2]); int nb_items = atoi(argv[3]); int *bdd = malloc(sizeof(int) * (nb_trans + nb_items)); char line[1024]; int i = 0; while ( fgets(line, 1024, file) ) { int item; while ( sscanf (line, "%d ", &item )){ printf("%s %d %d\n", line, i, item); bdd[i++] = item; } bdd[i++] = -1; } for ( i = 0; i < nb_trans + nb_items; i++ ) { printf("%d ", bdd[i]); } printf("\n"); }

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  • Read hexa data from file

    - by confusedman
    I'm trying to read hexa data(color value ex. 0xffffffff) from txt file... but i don't know how to read it.... i declared the color value like 'uint color' and i want to change the value though txt file. if i use int data i can use 'atoi' function, but what can i use function for uint?

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  • Get a char from a CString

    - by Sunscreen
    I have created a function that has as input a char szMyChar; (using it in a switch statement). Now I have a CString havong just a char, lets say CString strString = "A"; An option to call the function could be: if (strString == "A") CallMyFunc('A'); though it is clumsy. I tried atoi (returns 0) and casting though neither works. Any ideas? Thanks, Sun

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  • C++ HW - defining classes - objects that have objects of other class problem in header file (out of

    - by kitfuntastik
    This is my first time with much of this code. With this instancepool.h file below I get errors saying I can't use vector (line 14) or have instance& as a return type (line 20). It seems it can't use the instance objects despite the fact that I have included them. #ifndef _INSTANCEPOOL_H #define _INSTANCEPOOL_H #include "instance.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; class InstancePool { private: unsigned instances;//total number of instance objects vector<instance> ipp;//the collection of instance objects, held in a vector public: InstancePool();//Default constructor. Creates an InstancePool object that contains no Instance objects InstancePool(const InstancePool& original);//Copy constructor. After copying, changes to original should not affect the copy that was created. ~InstancePool();//Destructor unsigned getNumberOfInstances() const;//Returns the number of Instance objects the the InstancePool contains. const instance& operator[](unsigned index) const; InstancePool& operator=(const InstancePool& right);//Overloading the assignment operator for InstancePool. friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, InstancePool& ip);//Overloading of the >> operator. friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const InstancePool& ip);//Overloading of the << operator. }; #endif Here is the instance.h : #ifndef _INSTANCE_H #define _INSTANCE_H ///////////////////////////////#include "instancepool.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; class Instance { private: string filenamee; bool categoryy; unsigned featuress; unsigned* featureIDD; unsigned* frequencyy; string* featuree; public: Instance (unsigned features = 0);//default constructor unsigned getNumberOfFeatures() const; //Returns the number of the keywords that the calling Instance object can store. Instance(const Instance& original);//Copy constructor. After copying, changes to the original should not affect the copy that was created. ~Instance() { delete []featureIDD; delete []frequencyy; delete []featuree;}//Destructor. void setCategory(bool category){categoryy = category;}//Sets the category of the message. Spam messages are represented with true and and legit messages with false.//easy bool getCategory() const;//Returns the category of the message. void setFileName(const string& filename){filenamee = filename;}//Stores the name of the file (i.e. “spam/spamsga1.txt”, like in 1st assignment) in which the message was initially stored.//const string& trick? string getFileName() const;//Returns the name of the file in which the message was initially stored. void setFeature(unsigned i, const string& feature, unsigned featureID,unsigned frequency) {//i for array positions featuree[i] = feature; featureIDD[i] = featureID; frequencyy[i] = frequency; } string getFeature(unsigned i) const;//Returns the keyword which is located in the ith position.//const string unsigned getFeatureID(unsigned i) const;//Returns the code of the keyword which is located in the ith position. unsigned getFrequency(unsigned i) const;//Returns the frequency Instance& operator=(const Instance& right);//Overloading of the assignment operator for Instance. friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Instance& inst);//Overloading of the << operator for Instance. friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Instance& inst);//Overloading of the >> operator for Instance. }; #endif Also, if it is helpful here is instance.cpp: // Here we implement the functions of the class apart from the inline ones #include "instance.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; Instance::Instance(unsigned features) { //Constructor that can be used as the default constructor. featuress = features; if (features == 0) return; featuree = new string[featuress]; // Dynamic memory allocation. featureIDD = new unsigned[featuress]; frequencyy = new unsigned[featuress]; return; } unsigned Instance::getNumberOfFeatures() const {//Returns the number of the keywords that the calling Instance object can store. return featuress;} Instance::Instance(const Instance& original) {//Copy constructor. filenamee = original.filenamee; categoryy = original.categoryy; featuress = original.featuress; featuree = new string[featuress]; for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { featuree[i] = original.featuree[i]; } featureIDD = new unsigned[featuress]; for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { featureIDD[i] = original.featureIDD[i]; } frequencyy = new unsigned[featuress]; for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { frequencyy[i] = original.frequencyy[i];} } bool Instance::getCategory() const { //Returns the category of the message. return categoryy;} string Instance::getFileName() const { //Returns the name of the file in which the message was initially stored. return filenamee;} string Instance::getFeature(unsigned i) const { //Returns the keyword which is located in the ith position.//const string return featuree[i];} unsigned Instance::getFeatureID(unsigned i) const { //Returns the code of the keyword which is located in the ith position. return featureIDD[i];} unsigned Instance::getFrequency(unsigned i) const { //Returns the frequency return frequencyy[i];} Instance& Instance::operator=(const Instance& right) { //Overloading of the assignment operator for Instance. if(this == &right) return *this; delete []featureIDD; delete []frequencyy; delete []featuree; filenamee = right.filenamee; categoryy = right.categoryy; featuress = right.featuress; featureIDD = new unsigned[featuress]; frequencyy = new unsigned[featuress]; featuree = new string[featuress]; for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { featureIDD[i] = right.featureIDD[i]; } for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { frequencyy[i] = right.frequencyy[i]; } for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { featuree[i] = right.featuree[i]; } return *this; } ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Instance& inst) {//Overloading of the << operator for Instance. out << endl << "<message file=" << '"' << inst.filenamee << '"' << " category="; if (inst.categoryy == 0) out << '"' << "legit" << '"'; else out << '"' << "spam" << '"'; out << " features=" << '"' << inst.featuress << '"' << ">" <<endl; for (int i = 0; i < inst.featuress; i++) { out << "<feature id=" << '"' << inst.featureIDD[i] << '"' << " freq=" << '"' << inst.frequencyy[i] << '"' << "> " << inst.featuree[i] << " </feature>"<< endl; } out << "</message>" << endl; return out; } istream& operator>>(istream& in, Instance& inst) { //Overloading of the >> operator for Instance. string word; string numbers = ""; string filenamee2 = ""; bool categoryy2 = 0; unsigned featuress2; string featuree2; unsigned featureIDD2; unsigned frequencyy2; unsigned i; unsigned y; while(in >> word) { if (word == "<message") {//if at beginning of message in >> word;//grab filename word for (y=6; word[y]!='"'; y++) {//pull out filename from between quotes filenamee2 += word[y];} in >> word;//grab category word if (word[10] == 's') categoryy2 = 1; in >> word;//grab features word for (y=10; word[y]!='"'; y++) { numbers += word[y];} featuress2 = atoi(numbers.c_str());//convert string of numbers to integer Instance tempp2(featuress2);//make a temporary Instance object to hold values read in tempp2.setFileName(filenamee2);//set temp object to filename read in tempp2.setCategory(categoryy2); for (i=0; i<featuress2; i++) {//loop reading in feature reports for message in >> word >> word >> word;//skip two words numbers = "";//reset numbers string for (int y=4; word[y]!='"'; y++) {//grab feature ID numbers += word[y];} featureIDD2 = atoi(numbers.c_str()); in >> word;// numbers = ""; for (int y=6; word[y]!='"'; y++) {//grab frequency numbers += word[y];} frequencyy2 = atoi(numbers.c_str()); in >> word;//grab actual feature string featuree2 = word; tempp2.setFeature(i, featuree2, featureIDD2, frequencyy2); }//all done reading in and setting features in >> word;//read in last part of message : </message> inst = tempp2;//set inst (reference) to tempp2 (tempp2 will be destroyed at end of function call) return in; } } } and instancepool.cpp: // Here we implement the functions of the class apart from the inline ones #include "instancepool.h" #include "instance.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; InstancePool::InstancePool()//Default constructor. Creates an InstancePool object that contains no Instance objects { instances = 0; ipp.clear(); } InstancePool::~InstancePool() { ipp.clear();} InstancePool::InstancePool(const InstancePool& original) {//Copy constructor. instances = original.instances; for (int i = 0; i<instances; i++) { ipp.push_back(original.ipp[i]); } } unsigned InstancePool::getNumberOfInstances() const {//Returns the number of Instance objects the the InstancePool contains. return instances;} const Instance& InstancePool::operator[](unsigned index) const {//Overloading of the [] operator for InstancePool. return ipp[index];} InstancePool& InstancePool::operator=(const InstancePool& right) {//Overloading the assignment operator for InstancePool. if(this == &right) return *this; ipp.clear(); instances = right.instances; for(unsigned i = 0; i < instances; i++) { ipp.push_back(right.ipp[i]); } return *this; } istream& operator>>(istream& in, InstancePool& ip) {//Overloading of the >> operator. ip.ipp.clear(); string word; string numbers; int total;//int to hold total number of messages in collection while(in >> word) { if (word == "<messagecollection"){ in >> word;//reads in total number of all messages for (int y=10; word[y]!='"'; y++){ numbers = ""; numbers += word[y]; } total = atoi(numbers.c_str()); for (int x = 0; x<total; x++) {//do loop for each message in collection in >> ip.ipp[x];//use instance friend function and [] operator to fill in values and create Instance objects and read them intot he vector } } } } ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const InstancePool& ip) {//Overloading of the << operator. out << "<messagecollection messages=" << '"' << '>' << ip.instances << '"'<< endl << endl; for (int z=0; z<ip.instances; z++) { out << ip[z];} out << endl<<"</messagecollection>\n"; } This code is currently not writing to files correctly either at least, I'm sure it has many problems. I hope my posting of so much is not too much, and any help would be very much appreciated. Thanks!

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  • c permutation of a number

    - by Pkp
    I am writing a program for magic box. As the only way around it is brute force, I wrote a program to compute permutations of a given array using bells algorithm. I wrote in the lines similar to http://programminggeeks.com/c-code-for-permutation/. It does work for array of 3 and 4. It does not work for an arryay of 8 numbers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8). I see that the combination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 gets repeated couple of times. Also there are other combinations that gets repeated. I see that certain combinations don't get displayed even. So could someone tell me what is wrong in the program below. Code: include<stdio.h> int len,numperm=1,count=0; display(int a[]){ int i; for(i=0;i<len;i++) printf("%d ",a[i]); printf("\n"); count++; } swap(int *a,int *b){ int temp; temp=*a; *a=*b; *b=temp; } no_of_perm(){ int x; for(x=1;x<=len;x++) numperm=numperm*x; } perm(int a[]){ int x,y; while(count < numperm){ for(x=0;x<len-1;x++){ swap(&a[x],&a[x+1]); display(a); } swap(&a[0],&a[1]); display(a); for(y=len-1;y>0;y--){ swap(&a[y],&a[y-1]); display(a); } swap(&a[len-1],&a[len-2]); display(a); } } main(int argc, char *argv[]){ if(argc<2){ printf("Error\n"); exit(0); } int i,*a=malloc(sizeof(int)*atoi(argv[1])); len=atoi(argv[1]); for(i=0;i<len;i++) a[i]=i+1; no_of_perm(); perm(a); }

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  • What's wrong with cplusplus.com?

    - by Kerrek SB
    This is perhaps not a perfectly suitable forum for this question, but let me give it a shot, at the risk of being moved away. There are several references for the C++ standard library, including the invaluable ISO standard, MSDN, IBM, cppreference, and cplusplus. Personally, when writing C++ I need a reference that has quick random access, short load times and usage examples, and I've been finding cplusplus.com pretty useful. However, I've been hearing negative opinions about that website frequently here on SO, so I would like to get specific: What are the errors, misconceptions or bad pieces of advice given by cplusplus.com? What are the risks of using it to make coding decisions? Let me add this point: I want to be able to answer questions here on SO with accurate quotes of the standard, and thus I would like to post immediately-usable links, and cplusplus.com would have been my choice site were it not for this issue. Update: There have been many great responses, and I have seriously changed my view on cplusplus.com. I'd like to list a few choice results here; feel free to suggest more (and keep posting answers). As of June 29, 2011: Incorrect description of some algorithms (e.g. remove). Information about the behaviour of functions is sometimes incorrect (atoi), fails to mention special cases (strncpy), or omits vital information (iterator invalidation). Examples contain deprecated code (#include style). Inexact terminology is doing a disservice to learners and the general community ("STL", "compiler" vs "toolchain"). Incorrect and misleading description of the typeid keyword.

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  • What's wrong with cplusplus.com?

    - by Kerrek SB
    This is perhaps not a perfectly suitable forum for this question, but let me give it a shot, at the risk of being moved away. There are several references for the C++ standard library, including the invaluable ISO standard, MSDN, IBM, cppreference, and cplusplus. Personally, when writing C++ I need a reference that has quick random access, short load times and usage examples, and I've been finding cplusplus.com pretty useful. However, I've been hearing negative opinions about that website frequently here on SO, so I would like to get specific: What are the errors, misconceptions or bad pieces of advice given by cplusplus.com? What are the risks of using it to make coding decisions? Let me add this point: I want to be able to answer questions here on SO with accurate quotes of the standard, and thus I would like to post immediately-usable links, and cplusplus.com would have been my choice site were it not for this issue. Update: There have been many great responses, and I have seriously changed my view on cplusplus.com. I'd like to list a few choice results here; feel free to suggest more (and keep posting answers). As of June 29, 2011: Incorrect description of some algorithms (e.g. remove). Information about the behaviour of functions is sometimes incorrect (atoi), fails to mention special cases (strncpy), or omits vital information (iterator invalidation). Examples contain deprecated code (#include style). Inexact terminology is doing a disservice to learners and the general community ("STL", "compiler" vs "toolchain"). Incorrect and misleading description of the typeid keyword.

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  • Simple C: atof giving wrong value [migrated]

    - by Doc
    I have a program that reads input from a singe line(string obviously) and organizes it into arrays. The problem I have is that at one point the program reads two different values and returns the first one twice. Initially I thought the program was reading the same value twice but when I tested it turned out that it got the correct one but is inputting the wrong one. for example Input: 2 0.90 0.75 0.7 0.65 sorry to snip it (while(fgets (string[test], sizeof(string[test]),ifp)) pch = strtok_r(NULL, " ", &prog); tem3 = atoi(pch); while (loop<tem3) { pch=strtok_r(NULL," ",&prog); venseatfloat[test][loop][DISCOUNT][OCCUPIED]=(float)atof(pch); printf("%f is discount\t",venseatfloat[test][loop][DISCOUNT][OCCUPIED]); pch=strtok_r(NULL, " ", &prog); strcpy(temp, pch); venseatfloat[test][loop][REGULAR][OCCUPIED]=(float)atof(pch); printf("%s is the string but %.3f is regular\n", temp ,venseatfloat[test][loop][DISCOUNT][OCCUPIED]); loop++; } output: >0.900000 is discount 0.75 is the string but 0.900 is regular >0.700000 is discount 0.65 is the string but 0.700 is regular What is going on?

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  • boost::asio::async_read_until problem

    - by user368831
    I'm trying to modify the echo server example from boost asio and I'm running into problem when I try to use boost::asio::async_read_until. Here's the code: #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <boost/bind.hpp> #include <boost/asio.hpp> using boost::asio::ip::tcp; class session { public: session(boost::asio::io_service& io_service) : socket_(io_service) { } tcp::socket& socket() { return socket_; } void start() { std::cout<<"starting"<<std::endl; boost::asio::async_read_until(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length), ' ', boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); } void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code& error, size_t bytes_transferred) { std::cout<<"handling read"<<std::endl; if (!error) { boost::asio::async_write(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(data_, bytes_transferred), boost::bind(&session::handle_write, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } else { delete this; } } void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error) { if (!error) { /* socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length), boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); */ } else { delete this; } } private: tcp::socket socket_; enum { max_length = 1024 }; char data_[max_length]; }; class server { public: server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, short port) : io_service_(io_service), acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)) { session* new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } void handle_accept(session* new_session, const boost::system::error_code& error) { if (!error) { new_session->start(); new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } else { delete new_session; } } private: boost::asio::io_service& io_service_; tcp::acceptor acceptor_; }; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { try { if (argc != 2) { std::cerr << "Usage: async_tcp_echo_server <port>\n"; return 1; } boost::asio::io_service io_service; using namespace std; // For atoi. server s(io_service, atoi(argv[1])); io_service.run(); } catch (std::exception& e) { std::cerr << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n"; } return 0; } The problem is when I try to compile I get this weird error: server.cpp: In member function ‘void session::start()’: server.cpp:27: error: no matching function for call to ‘async_read_until(boost::asio::basic_stream_socket &, boost::asio::mutable_buffers_1, char, boost::_bi::bind_t, boost::_bi::list3, boost::arg<1 ()(), boost::arg<2 ()() )’ Can someone please explain what's going on? From what I can tell the arguments to async_read_until are correct. Thanks!

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  • boost::asio::async_read_until problem

    - by user368831
    Hi again, I'm modify the boost asio echo example to use async_read_until to read the input word by word. Even though I am using async_read_until all the data sent seems to be read from the socket. Could someone please advise: #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <boost/bind.hpp> #include <boost/asio.hpp> using boost::asio::ip::tcp; class session { public: session(boost::asio::io_service& io_service) : socket_(io_service) { } tcp::socket& socket() { return socket_; } void start() { std::cout<<"starting"<<std::endl; boost::asio::async_read_until(socket_, buffer, ' ', boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); } void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code& error, size_t bytes_transferred) { std::ostringstream ss; ss<<&buffer; std::string s = ss.str(); std::cout<<s<<std::endl; if (!error) { boost::asio::async_write(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(s), boost::bind(&session::handle_write, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } else { delete this; } } void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error) { std::cout<<"handling write"<<std::endl; if (!error) { } else { delete this; } } private: tcp::socket socket_; boost::asio::streambuf buffer; }; class server { public: server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, short port) : io_service_(io_service), acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)) { session* new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } void handle_accept(session* new_session, const boost::system::error_code& error) { if (!error) { new_session->start(); new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } else { delete new_session; } } private: boost::asio::io_service& io_service_; tcp::acceptor acceptor_; }; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { try { if (argc != 2) { std::cerr << "Usage: async_tcp_echo_server <port>\n"; return 1; } boost::asio::io_service io_service; using namespace std; // For atoi. server s(io_service, atoi(argv[1])); io_service.run(); } catch (std::exception& e) { std::cerr << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n"; } return 0; } Thanks!

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  • boost::asio::async_write problem

    - by user368831
    Hi, I'm trying to figure out how asynchronous reads and writes work in boost asio by manipulating the echo example. Currently, I have a server that should, when sent a sentence, respond with only the first word. However, the boost::asio::async_write never seems to complete even though the write handler is being called. Can someone please explain what's going on? Here's the code: #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <boost/bind.hpp> #include <boost/asio.hpp> using boost::asio::ip::tcp; class session { public: session(boost::asio::io_service& io_service) : socket_(io_service) { } tcp::socket& socket() { return socket_; } void start() { std::cout<<"starting"<<std::endl; boost::asio::async_read_until(socket_, buffer, ' ', boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); } void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code& error, size_t bytes_transferred) { // std::ostringstream ss; // ss<<&buffer; char* c = new char[bytes_transferred]; //std::string s; buffer.sgetn(c,bytes_transferred); std::cout<<"data: "<< c<<" bytes: "<<bytes_transferred<<std::endl; if (!error) { boost::asio::async_write(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(c,bytes_transferred), boost::bind(&session::handle_write, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } else { delete this; } } void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error) { std::cout<<"handling write"<<std::endl; if (!error) { } else { delete this; } } private: tcp::socket socket_; boost::asio::streambuf buffer; }; class server { public: server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, short port) : io_service_(io_service), acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)) { session* new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } void handle_accept(session* new_session, const boost::system::error_code& error) { if (!error) { new_session->start(); new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } else { delete new_session; } } private: boost::asio::io_service& io_service_; tcp::acceptor acceptor_; }; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { try { if (argc != 2) { std::cerr << "Usage: async_tcp_echo_server <port>\n"; return 1; } boost::asio::io_service io_service; using namespace std; // For atoi. server s(io_service, atoi(argv[1])); io_service.run(); } catch (std::exception& e) { std::cerr << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n"; } return 0; } Thanks!

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  • Does boost::asio makes excessive small heap allocations or am I wrong?

    - by Poni
    #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include <boost/bind.hpp> #include <boost/asio.hpp> using boost::asio::ip::tcp; class session { public: session(boost::asio::io_service& io_service) : socket_(io_service) { } tcp::socket& socket() { return socket_; } void start() { socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length - 1), boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); } void handle_read(const boost::system::error_code& error, size_t bytes_transferred) { if (!error) { data_[bytes_transferred] = '\0'; if(NULL != strstr(data_, "quit")) { this->socket().shutdown(boost::asio::ip::tcp::socket::shutdown_both); this->socket().close(); // how to make this dispatch "handle_read()" with a "disconnected" flag? } else { boost::asio::async_write(socket_, boost::asio::buffer(data_, bytes_transferred), boost::bind(&session::handle_write, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); socket_.async_read_some(boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length - 1), boost::bind(&session::handle_read, this, boost::asio::placeholders::error, boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred)); } } else { delete this; } } void handle_write(const boost::system::error_code& error) { if (!error) { // } else { delete this; } } private: tcp::socket socket_; enum { max_length = 1024 }; char data_[max_length]; }; class server { public: server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, short port) : io_service_(io_service), acceptor_(io_service, tcp::endpoint(tcp::v4(), port)) { session* new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } void handle_accept(session* new_session, const boost::system::error_code& error) { if (!error) { new_session->start(); new_session = new session(io_service_); acceptor_.async_accept(new_session->socket(), boost::bind(&server::handle_accept, this, new_session, boost::asio::placeholders::error)); } else { delete new_session; } } private: boost::asio::io_service& io_service_; tcp::acceptor acceptor_; }; int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { try { if (argc != 2) { std::cerr << "Usage: async_tcp_echo_server <port>\n"; return 1; } boost::asio::io_service io_service; using namespace std; // For atoi. server s(io_service, atoi(argv[1])); io_service.run(); } catch (std::exception& e) { std::cerr << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n"; } return 0; } While experimenting with boost::asio I've noticed that within the calls to async_write()/async_read_some() there is a usage of the C++ "new" keyword. Also, when stressing this echo server with a client (1 connection) that sends for example 100,000 times some data, the memory usage of this program is getting higher and higher. What's going on? Will it allocate memory for every call? Or am I wrong? Asking because it doesn't seem right that a server app will allocate, anything. Can I handle it, say with a memory pool? Another side-question: See the "this-socket().close();" ? I want it, as the comment right to it says, to dispatch that same function one last time, with a disconnection error. Need that to do some clean-up. How do I do that? Thank you all gurus (:

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  • Choosing a VS project type (C++)

    - by typoknig
    Hi all, I do not use C++ much (I try to stick to the easier stuff like Java and VB.NET), but the lately I have not had a choice. When I am picking a project type in VS for some C++ source I download, what project type should I pick? I had just been sticking with Win32 Console Applications, but I just downloaded some code (below) that will not work right even when it compiles with out errors. I have tried to use a CLR Console Application and an empty project too, and have changed many variables along the way, but I cannot get this code to work. I noticed that this code does not have "int main()" at its beginning, does that have something to do with it? Anyways, here is the code, got it from here: /* Demo of modified Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm. See the printf below */ #ifdef _CH_ #pragma package <opencv> #endif #ifndef _EiC #include "cv.h" #include "highgui.h" #include <stdio.h> #include <ctype.h> #endif #include <windows.h> #define FULL_IMAGE_AS_OUTPUT_FILE #define cvMirror cvFlip //IplImage *image = 0, *grey = 0, *prev_grey = 0, *pyramid = 0, *prev_pyramid = 0, *swap_temp; IplImage **buf = 0; IplImage *image1 = 0; IplImage *imageCopy=0; IplImage *image = 0; int win_size = 10; const int MAX_COUNT = 500; CvPoint2D32f* points[2] = {0,0}, *swap_points; char* status = 0; //int count = 0; //int need_to_init = 0; //int night_mode = 0; int flags = 0; //int add_remove_pt = 0; bool bLButtonDown = false; //bool bstopLoop = false; CvPoint pt, pt1,pt2; //IplImage* img1; FILE* FileDest; char* strImageDir = "E:\\Projects\\TSCreator\\Images"; char* strItemName = "b"; int imageCount=0; int bFirstFace = 1; // flag for first face int mode = 1; // Mode 1 - Haar Traing Sample Creation, 2 - HMM sample creation, Mode = 3 - Both Harr and HMM. //int startImgeNo = 1; bool isEqualRation = false; //Weidth to height ratio is equal //Selected Image data IplImage *selectedImage = 0; int selectedX = 0, selectedY = 0, currentImageNo = 0, selectedWidth = 0, selectedHeight= 0; CvRect selectedROI; void saveFroHarrTraining(IplImage *src, int x, int y, int width, int height, int imageCount); void saveForHMMTraining(IplImage *src, CvRect roi,int imageCount); // Code for draw ROI Cropping Image void on_mouse( int event, int x, int y, int flags, void* param ) { char f[200]; CvRect reg; if( !image ) return; if( event == CV_EVENT_LBUTTONDOWN ) { bLButtonDown = true; pt1.x = x; pt1.y = y; } else if ( event == CV_EVENT_MOUSEMOVE ) //Draw the selected area rectangle { pt2.x = x; pt2.y = y; if(bLButtonDown) { if( !image1 ) { /* allocate all the buffers */ image1 = cvCreateImage( cvGetSize(image), 8, 3 ); image1->origin = image->origin; points[0] = (CvPoint2D32f*)cvAlloc(MAX_COUNT*sizeof(points[0][0])); points[1] = (CvPoint2D32f*)cvAlloc(MAX_COUNT*sizeof(points[0][0])); status = (char*)cvAlloc(MAX_COUNT); flags = 0; } cvCopy( image, image1, 0 ); //Equal Weight-Height Ratio if(isEqualRation) { pt2.y = pt1.y + (pt2.x-pt1.x); } //Max Height and Width is the image width and height if(pt2.x>image->width) { pt2.x = image->width; } if(pt2.y>image->height) { pt2.y = image->height; } CvPoint InnerPt1 = pt1; CvPoint InnerPt2 = pt2; if ( InnerPt1.x > InnerPt2.x) { int tempX = InnerPt1.x; InnerPt1.x = InnerPt2.x; InnerPt2.x = tempX; } if ( pt2.y < InnerPt1.y ) { int tempY = InnerPt1.y; InnerPt1.y = InnerPt2.y; InnerPt2.y = tempY; } InnerPt1.y = image->height - InnerPt1.y; InnerPt2.y = image->height - InnerPt2.y; CvFont font; double hScale=1.0; double vScale=1.0; int lineWidth=1; cvInitFont(&font,CV_FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX|CV_FONT_ITALIC, hScale,vScale,0,lineWidth); char size [200]; reg.x = pt1.x; reg.y = image->height - pt2.y; reg.height = abs (pt2.y - pt1.y); reg.width = InnerPt2.x -InnerPt1.x; //print width and heght of the selected reagion sprintf(size, "(%dx%d)",reg.width, reg.height); cvPutText (image1,size,cvPoint(10,10), &font, cvScalar(255,255,0)); cvRectangle(image1, InnerPt1, InnerPt2, CV_RGB(255,0,0), 1); //Mark Selected Reagion selectedImage = image; selectedX = pt1.x; selectedY = pt1.y; selectedWidth = reg.width; selectedHeight = reg.height; selectedROI = reg; //Show the modified image cvShowImage("HMM-Harr Positive Image Creator",image1); } } else if ( event == CV_EVENT_LBUTTONUP ) { bLButtonDown = false; // pt2.x = x; // pt2.y = y; // // if ( pt1.x > pt2.x) // { // int tempX = pt1.x; // pt1.x = pt2.x; // pt2.x = tempX; // } // // if ( pt2.y < pt1.y ) // { // int tempY = pt1.y; // pt1.y = pt2.y; // pt2.y = tempY; // // } // //reg.x = pt1.x; //reg.y = image->height - pt2.y; // //reg.height = abs (pt2.y - pt1.y); ////reg.width = reg.height/3; //reg.width = pt2.x -pt1.x; ////reg.height = (2 * reg.width)/3; #ifdef FULL_IMAGE_AS_OUTPUT_FILE CvRect FullImageRect; FullImageRect.x = 0; FullImageRect.y = 0; FullImageRect.width = image->width; FullImageRect.height = image->height; IplImage *regionFullImage =0; regionFullImage = cvCreateImage(cvSize (FullImageRect.width, FullImageRect.height), image->depth, image->nChannels); image->roi = NULL; //cvSetImageROI (image, FullImageRect); //cvCopy (image, regionFullImage, 0); #else IplImage *region =0; region = cvCreateImage(cvSize (reg.width, reg.height), image1->depth, image1->nChannels); image->roi = NULL; cvSetImageROI (image1, reg); cvCopy (image1, region, 0); #endif //cvNamedWindow("Result", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); //selectedImage = image; //selectedX = pt1.x; //selectedY = pt1.y; //selectedWidth = reg.width; //selectedHeight = reg.height; ////currentImageNo = startImgeNo; //selectedROI = reg; /*if(mode == 1) { saveFroHarrTraining(image,pt1.x,pt1.y,reg.width,reg.height,startImgeNo); } else if(mode == 2) { saveForHMMTraining(image,reg,startImgeNo); } else if(mode ==3) { saveFroHarrTraining(image,pt1.x,pt1.y,reg.width,reg.height,startImgeNo); saveForHMMTraining(image,reg,startImgeNo); } else { printf("Invalid mode."); } startImgeNo++;*/ } } /* Save popsitive samples for Harr Training. Also add an entry to the PositiveSample.txt with the location of the item of interest. */ void saveFroHarrTraining(IplImage *src, int x, int y, int width, int height, int imageCount) { char f[255] ; sprintf(f,"%s\\%s\\harr_%s%d%d.jpg",strImageDir,strItemName,strItemName,imageCount/10, imageCount%10); cvNamedWindow("Harr", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); cvShowImage("Harr", src); cvSaveImage(f, src); printf("output%d%d \t ", imageCount/10, imageCount%10); printf("width %d \t", width); printf("height %d \t", height); printf("x1 %d \t", x); printf("y1 %d \t\n", y); char f1[255]; sprintf(f1,"%s\\PositiveSample.txt",strImageDir); FileDest = fopen(f1, "a"); fprintf(FileDest, "%s\\harr_%s%d.jpg 1 %d %d %d %d \n",strItemName,strItemName, imageCount, x, y, width, height); fclose(FileDest); } /* Create Sample Images for HMM recognition algorythm trai ning. */ void saveForHMMTraining(IplImage *src, CvRect roi,int imageCount) { char f[255] ; printf("x=%d, y=%d, w= %d, h= %d\n",roi.x,roi.y,roi.width,roi.height); //Create the file name sprintf(f,"%s\\%s\\hmm_%s%d.pgm",strImageDir,strItemName,strItemName, imageCount); //Create storage for grayscale image IplImage* gray = cvCreateImage(cvSize(roi.width,roi.height), 8, 1); //Create storage for croped reagon IplImage* regionFullImage = cvCreateImage(cvSize(roi.width,roi.height),8,3); //Croped marked region cvSetImageROI(src,roi); cvCopy(src,regionFullImage); cvResetImageROI(src); //Flip croped image - otherwise it will saved upside down cvConvertImage(regionFullImage, regionFullImage, CV_CVTIMG_FLIP); //Convert croped image to gray scale cvCvtColor(regionFullImage,gray, CV_BGR2GRAY); //Show final grayscale image cvNamedWindow("HMM", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); cvShowImage("HMM", gray); //Save final grayscale image cvSaveImage(f, gray); } int maina( int argc, char** argv ) { CvCapture* capture = 0; //if( argc == 1 || (argc == 2 && strlen(argv[1]) == 1 && isdigit(argv[1][0]))) // capture = cvCaptureFromCAM( argc == 2 ? argv[1][0] - '0' : 0 ); //else if( argc == 2 ) // capture = cvCaptureFromAVI( argv[1] ); char* video; if(argc ==7) { mode = atoi(argv[1]); strImageDir = argv[2]; strItemName = argv[3]; video = argv[4]; currentImageNo = atoi(argv[5]); int a = atoi(argv[6]); if(a==1) { isEqualRation = true; } else { isEqualRation = false; } } else { printf("\nUsage: TSCreator.exe <Mode> <Sample Image Save Path> <Sample Image Save Directory> <Video File Location> <Start Image No> <Is Equal Ratio>\n"); printf("Mode = 1 - Haar Traing Sample Creation. \nMode = 2 - HMM sample creation.\nMode = 3 - Both Harr and HMM\n"); printf("Is Equal Ratio = 0 or 1. 1 - Equal weidth and height, 0 - custom."); printf("Note: You have to create the image save directory in correct path first.\n"); printf("Eg: TSCreator.exe 1 E:\Projects\TSCreator\Images A 11.avi 1 1\n\n"); return 0; } capture = cvCaptureFromAVI(video); if( !capture ) { fprintf(stderr,"Could not initialize capturing...\n"); return -1; } cvNamedWindow("HMM-Harr Positive Image Creator", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE); cvSetMouseCallback("HMM-Harr Positive Image Creator", on_mouse, 0); //cvShowImage("Test", image1); for(;;) { IplImage* frame = 0; int i, k, c; frame = cvQueryFrame( capture ); if( !frame ) break; if( !image ) { /* allocate all the buffers */ image = cvCreateImage( cvGetSize(frame), 8, 3 ); image->origin = frame->origin; //grey = cvCreateImage( cvGetSize(frame), 8, 1 ); //prev_grey = cvCreateImage( cvGetSize(frame), 8, 1 ); //pyramid = cvCreateImage( cvGetSize(frame), 8, 1 ); // prev_pyramid = cvCreateImage( cvGetSize(frame), 8, 1 ); points[0] = (CvPoint2D32f*)cvAlloc(MAX_COUNT*sizeof(points[0][0])); points[1] = (CvPoint2D32f*)cvAlloc(MAX_COUNT*sizeof(points[0][0])); status = (char*)cvAlloc(MAX_COUNT); flags = 0; } cvCopy( frame, image, 0 ); // cvCvtColor( image, grey, CV_BGR2GRAY ); cvShowImage("HMM-Harr Positive Image Creator", image); cvSetMouseCallback("HMM-Harr Positive Image Creator", on_mouse, 0); c = cvWaitKey(0); if((char)c == 's') { //Save selected reagion as training data if(selectedImage) { printf("Selected Reagion Saved\n"); if(mode == 1) { saveFroHarrTraining(selectedImage,selectedX,selectedY,selectedWidth,selectedHeight,currentImageNo); } else if(mode == 2) { saveForHMMTraining(selectedImage,selectedROI,currentImageNo); } else if(mode ==3) { saveFroHarrTraining(selectedImage,selectedX,selectedY,selectedWidth,selectedHeight,currentImageNo); saveForHMMTraining(selectedImage,selectedROI,currentImageNo); } else { printf("Invalid mode."); } currentImageNo++; } } } cvReleaseCapture( &capture ); //cvDestroyWindow("HMM-Harr Positive Image Creator"); cvDestroyAllWindows(); return 0; } #ifdef _EiC main(1,"lkdemo.c"); #endif If I put... #include "stdafx.h" int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { return 0; } ... before the previous code (and link it to the correct OpenCV .lib files) it compiles without errors, but does nothing at the command line. How do I make it work?

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  • How to compile a C++ source code written for Linux/Unix on Windows Vista (code given)

    - by HTMZ
    I have a c++ source code that was written in linux/unix environment by some other author. It gives me errors when i compile it in windows vista environment. I am using Bloodshed Dev C++ v 4.9. please help. #include <iostream.h> #include <map> #include <vector> #include <string> #include <string.h> #include <strstream> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; template <class T> class PrefixSpan { private: vector < vector <T> > transaction; vector < pair <T, unsigned int> > pattern; unsigned int minsup; unsigned int minpat; unsigned int maxpat; bool all; bool where; string delimiter; bool verbose; ostream *os; void report (vector <pair <unsigned int, int> > &projected) { if (minpat > pattern.size()) return; // print where & pattern if (where) { *os << "<pattern>" << endl; // what: if (all) { *os << "<freq>" << pattern[pattern.size()-1].second << "</freq>" << endl; *os << "<what>"; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < pattern.size(); i++) *os << (i ? " " : "") << pattern[i].first; } else { *os << "<what>"; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < pattern.size(); i++) *os << (i ? " " : "") << pattern[i].first << delimiter << pattern[i].second; } *os << "</what>" << endl; // where *os << "<where>"; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < projected.size(); i++) *os << (i ? " " : "") << projected[i].first; *os << "</where>" << endl; *os << "</pattern>" << endl; } else { // print found pattern only if (all) { *os << pattern[pattern.size()-1].second; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < pattern.size(); i++) *os << " " << pattern[i].first; } else { for (unsigned int i = 0; i < pattern.size(); i++) *os << (i ? " " : "") << pattern[i].first << delimiter << pattern[i].second; } *os << endl; } } void project (vector <pair <unsigned int, int> > &projected) { if (all) report(projected); map <T, vector <pair <unsigned int, int> > > counter; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < projected.size(); i++) { int pos = projected[i].second; unsigned int id = projected[i].first; unsigned int size = transaction[id].size(); map <T, int> tmp; for (unsigned int j = pos + 1; j < size; j++) { T item = transaction[id][j]; if (tmp.find (item) == tmp.end()) tmp[item] = j ; } for (map <T, int>::iterator k = tmp.begin(); k != tmp.end(); ++k) counter[k->first].push_back (make_pair <unsigned int, int> (id, k->second)); } for (map <T, vector <pair <unsigned int, int> > >::iterator l = counter.begin (); l != counter.end (); ) { if (l->second.size() < minsup) { map <T, vector <pair <unsigned int, int> > >::iterator tmp = l; tmp = l; ++tmp; counter.erase (l); l = tmp; } else { ++l; } } if (! all && counter.size () == 0) { report (projected); return; } for (map <T, vector <pair <unsigned int, int> > >::iterator l = counter.begin (); l != counter.end(); ++l) { if (pattern.size () < maxpat) { pattern.push_back (make_pair <T, unsigned int> (l->first, l->second.size())); project (l->second); pattern.erase (pattern.end()); } } } public: PrefixSpan (unsigned int _minsup = 1, unsigned int _minpat = 1, unsigned int _maxpat = 0xffffffff, bool _all = false, bool _where = false, string _delimiter = "/", bool _verbose = false): minsup(_minsup), minpat (_minpat), maxpat (_maxpat), all(_all), where(_where), delimiter (_delimiter), verbose (_verbose) {}; ~PrefixSpan () {}; istream& read (istream &is) { string line; vector <T> tmp; T item; while (getline (is, line)) { tmp.clear (); istrstream istrs ((char *)line.c_str()); while (istrs >> item) tmp.push_back (item); transaction.push_back (tmp); } return is; } ostream& run (ostream &_os) { os = &_os; if (verbose) *os << transaction.size() << endl; vector <pair <unsigned int, int> > root; for (unsigned int i = 0; i < transaction.size(); i++) root.push_back (make_pair (i, -1)); project (root); return *os; } void clear () { transaction.clear (); pattern.clear (); } }; int main (int argc, char **argv) { extern char *optarg; unsigned int minsup = 1; unsigned int minpat = 1; unsigned int maxpat = 0xffffffff; bool all = false; bool where = false; string delimiter = "/"; bool verbose = false; string type = "string"; int opt; while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "awvt:M:m:L:d:")) != -1) { switch(opt) { case 'a': all = true; break; case 'w': where = true; break; case 'v': verbose = true; break; case 'm': minsup = atoi (optarg); break; case 'M': minpat = atoi (optarg); break; case 'L': maxpat = atoi (optarg); break; case 't': type = string (optarg); break; case 'd': delimiter = string (optarg); break; default: cout << "Usage: " << argv[0] << " [-m minsup] [-M minpat] [-L maxpat] [-a] [-w] [-v] [-t type] [-d delimiter] < data .." << endl; return -1; } } if (type == "int") { PrefixSpan<unsigned int> prefixspan (minsup, minpat, maxpat, all, where, delimiter, verbose); prefixspan.read (cin); prefixspan.run (cout); }else if (type == "short") { PrefixSpan<unsigned short> prefixspan (minsup, minpat, maxpat, all, where, delimiter, verbose); prefixspan.read (cin); prefixspan.run (cout); } else if (type == "char") { PrefixSpan<unsigned char> prefixspan (minsup, minpat, maxpat, all, where, delimiter, verbose); prefixspan.read (cin); prefixspan.run (cout); } else if (type == "string") { PrefixSpan<string> prefixspan (minsup, minpat, maxpat, all, where, delimiter, verbose); prefixspan.read (cin); prefixspan.run (cout); } else { cerr << "Unknown Item Type: " << type << " : choose from [string|int|short|char]" << endl; return -1; } return 0; }

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  • C - array count, strtok, etc

    - by Pedro
    Hi... i have a little problem on my code... HI open a txt that have this: LEI;7671;Maria Albertina da silva;[email protected]; 9;8;12;9;12;11;6;15;7;11; LTCGM;6567;Artur Pereira Ribeiro;[email protected]; 6;13;14;12;11;16;14; LEI;7701;Ana Maria Carvalho;[email protected]; 8;13;11;7;14;12;11;16;14; LEI, LTCGM are the college; 7671, 6567, 7701 is student number; Maria, Artur e Ana are the students name; [email protected], ...@gmail are emails from students; the first number of every line is the total of classes that students have; after that is students school notes; example: College: LEI Number: 7671 Name: Maria Albertina da Silva email: [email protected] total of classes: 9 Classe Notes: 8 12 9 12 11 6 15 7 11. My code: typedef struct aluno{ char sigla[5];//college char numero[80];//number char nome[80];//student name char email[20];//email int total_notas;// total of classes char tot_not[40]; // total classes char notas[20];// classe notes int nota; //class notes char situacao[80]; //situation (aproved or disaproved) }ALUNO; void ordena(ALUNO*alunos, int tam)//bubble sort { int i=0; int j=0; char temp[100]; for( i=0;i<tam;i++) for(j=0;j<tam-1;j++) if(strcmp( alunos[i].sigla[j], alunos[i].sigla[j+1])>0){ strcpy(temp, alunos[i].sigla[j]); strcpy(alunos[i].sigla[j],alunos[i].sigla[j+1]); strcpy(alunos[i].sigla[j+1], temp); } } void xml(ALUNO*alunos, int tam){ FILE *fp; char linha[60];//line int soma, max, min, count;//biggest note and lowest note and students per course count float media; //media of notes fp=fopen("example.txt","r"); if(fp==NULL){ exit(1); } else{ while(!(feof(fp))){ soma=0; media=0; max=0; min=0; count=0; fgets(linha,60,fp); if(linha[0]=='L'){ if(ap_dados=strtok(linha,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].sigla,ap_dados);//copy to struct // i need to call bubble sort here, but i don't know how printf("College: %s\n",alunos[i].sigla); if(ap_dados=strtok(NULL,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].numero,ap_dados);//copy to struct printf("number: %s\n",alunos[i].numero); if(ap_dados=strtok(NULL,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].nome, ap_dados);//copy to struct printf("name: %s\n",alunos[i].nome); if(ap_dados=strtok(NULL,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].email, ap_dados);//copy to struct printf("email: %s\n",alunos[i].email); } } } }i++; } if(isdigit(linha[0])){ if(info_notas=strtok(linha,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].tot_not,info_notas); alunos[i].total_notas=atoi(alunos[i].tot_not);//total classes for(z=0;z<=alunos[i].total_notas;z++){ if(info_notas=strtok(NULL,";")){ strcpy(alunos[i].notas,info_notas); alunos[i].nota=atoi(alunos[i].notas); // student class notes } soma=soma + alunos[i].nota; media=soma/alunos[i].total_notas;//doesn't work if(alunos[i].nota>max){ max=alunos[i].nota;;//doesn't work } else{ if(min<alunos[i].nota){ min=alunos[i].nota;;//doesn't work } } //now i need to count the numbers of students in the same college, but doesn't work /*If(strcmp(alunos[i].sigla, alunos[i+1].sigla)=0){ count ++; printf("%d\n", count); here for LEI should appear 2 students and for LTCGM appear 1, don't work }*/ //Now i need to see if student is aproved or disaproved // Student is disaproved if he gets 3 notes under 10, how can i do that? } printf("media %d\n",media); //media printf("Nota maxima %d\n",max);// biggest note printf("Nota minima %d\n",min); //lowest note }i++; } } } fclose(fp); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]){ ALUNO alunos; FILE *fp; int tam; fp=fopen(nomeFicheiro,"r"); alunos = (ALUNO*) calloc (tam, sizeof(ALUNO)); xml(alunos,nomeFicheiro, tam); system("PAUSE"); return 0; }

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  • runtime error (SIGSEGV)

    - by vamsi2018
    hi, i would be happy to know why i got this error for the problem http://www.codechef.com/problems/AXR1P2 in codechef.com and my code is... include include int main() { int *num=0,n=0,i=0,max=0;char *s=""; int sum[9]={1,5,14,20,25,31,32,38,39},dsum[9]={1,7,8,14,19,25,26,32,33},unitdig=0; do { gets(s); *(num+i)=(int)atoi(s); i++; }while(s!='#'); max=i; for(i=0;i10) unitdig=33(n/10-1)+39+dsum[(n%10)-1]; else unitdig=sum[(n%10)-1]; printf("%d\n",unitdig%10); } getchar(); return 0;}

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  • "The usage of semaphores is subtly wrong"

    - by Hoonose
    This past semester I was taking an OS practicum in C, in which the first project involved making a threads package, then writing a multiple producer-consumer program to demonstrate the functionality. However, after getting grading feedback, I lost points for "The usage of semaphores is subtly wrong" and "The program assumes preemption (e.g. uses yield to change control)" (We started with a non-preemptive threads package then added preemption later. Note that the comment and example contradict each other. I believe it doesn't assume either, and would work in both environments). This has been bugging me for a long time - the course staff was kind of overwhelmed, so I couldn't ask them what's wrong with this over the semester. I've spent a long time thinking about this and I can't see the issues. If anyone could take a look and point out the error, or reassure me that there actually isn't a problem, I'd really appreciate it. I believe the syntax should be pretty standard in terms of the thread package functions (minithreads and semaphores), but let me know if anything is confusing. #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include "minithread.h" #include "synch.h" #define BUFFER_SIZE 16 #define MAXCOUNT 100 int buffer[BUFFER_SIZE]; int size, head, tail; int count = 1; int out = 0; int toadd = 0; int toremove = 0; semaphore_t empty; semaphore_t full; semaphore_t count_lock; // Semaphore to keep a lock on the // global variables for maintaining the counts /* Method to handle the working of a student * The ID of a student is the corresponding minithread_id */ int student(int total_burgers) { int n, i; semaphore_P(count_lock); while ((out+toremove) < arg) { n = genintrand(BUFFER_SIZE); n = (n <= total_burgers - (out + toremove)) ? n : total_burgers - (out + toremove); printf("Student %d wants to get %d burgers ...\n", minithread_id(), n); toremove += n; semaphore_V(count_lock); for (i=0; i<n; i++) { semaphore_P(empty); out = buffer[tail]; printf("Student %d is taking burger %d.\n", minithread_id(), out); tail = (tail + 1) % BUFFER_SIZE; size--; toremove--; semaphore_V(full); } semaphore_P(count_lock); } semaphore_V(count_lock); printf("Student %d is done.\n", minithread_id()); return 0; } /* Method to handle the working of a cook * The ID of a cook is the corresponding minithread_id */ int cook(int total_burgers) { int n, i; printf("Creating Cook %d\n",minithread_id()); semaphore_P(count_lock); while ((count+toadd) <= arg) { n = genintrand(BUFFER_SIZE); n = (n <= total_burgers - (count + toadd) + 1) ? n : total_burgers - (count + toadd) + 1; printf("Cook %d wants to put %d burgers into the burger stack ...\n", minithread_id(),n); toadd += n; semaphore_V(count_lock); for (i=0; i<n; i++) { semaphore_P(full); printf("Cook %d is putting burger %d into the burger stack.\n", minithread_id(), count); buffer[head] = count++; head = (head + 1) % BUFFER_SIZE; size++; toadd--; semaphore_V(empty); } semaphore_P(count_lock); } semaphore_V(count_lock); printf("Cook %d is done.\n", minithread_id()); return 0; } /* Method to create our multiple producers and consumers * and start their respective threads by fork */ void starter(int* c){ int i; for (i=0;i<c[2];i++){ minithread_fork(cook, c[0]); } for (i=0;i<c[1];i++){ minithread_fork(student, c[0]); } } /* The arguments are passed as command line parameters * argv[1] is the no of students * argv[2] is the no of cooks */ void main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int pass_args[3]; pass_args[0] = MAXCOUNT; pass_args[1] = atoi(argv[1]); pass_args[2] = atoi(argv[2]); size = head = tail = 0; empty = semaphore_create(); semaphore_initialize(empty, 0); full = semaphore_create(); semaphore_initialize(full, BUFFER_SIZE); count_lock = semaphore_create(); semaphore_initialize(count_lock, 1); minithread_system_initialize(starter, pass_args); }

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  • C - Malloc or calloc...and how?

    - by Pedro
    Hi...i have a txt file where the first number define the size of the array's, i know that calloc or malloc can reserve memory, but how? this code: typedef struct alpha{ int *size; char name; int tot; char line[60]; }ALPHA; fgets(line,60,fp); tot=atoi(line); size=(int*)calloc(name,sizeof(int); Imagine that in the first line of the txt is the number 10, wiht this code the size of name will be 10? like name[10]???

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  • c windows connect() fails. error 10049

    - by Joshua Moore
    The following two pieces of code compile, but I get a connect() failed error on the client side. (compiled with MinGW). Client Code: // thanks to cs.baylor.edu/~donahoo/practical/CSockets/code/TCPEchoClientWS.c #include <stdio.h> #include <winsock.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define RCVBUFSIZE 32 // size of receive buffer void DieWithError(char *errorMessage); int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { int sock; struct sockaddr_in echoServAddr; unsigned short echoServPort; char *servIP; char *echoString; char echoBuffer[RCVBUFSIZE]; int echoStringLen; int bytesRcvd, totalBytesRcvd; WSAData wsaData; if((argc < 3) || (argc > 4)){ fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <Sever IP> <Echo Word> [<Echo Port>]\n", argv[0]); exit(1); } if (argc==4) echoServPort = atoi(argv[3]); // use given port if any else echoServPort = 7; // echo is well-known port for echo service if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 0), &wsaData) != 0){ // load winsock 2.0 dll fprintf(stderr, "WSAStartup() failed"); exit(1); } // create reliable, stream socket using tcp if((sock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) DieWithError("socket() failed"); // construct the server address structure memset(&echoServAddr, 0, sizeof(echoServAddr)); echoServAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; echoServAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(servIP); // server IP address echoServAddr.sin_port = htons(echoServPort); // establish connection to the echo server if(connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&echoServAddr, sizeof(echoServAddr)) < 0) DieWithError("connect() failed"); echoStringLen = strlen(echoString); // determine input length // send the string, includeing the null terminator to the server if(send(sock, echoString, echoStringLen, 0)!= echoStringLen) DieWithError("send() sent a different number of bytes than expected"); totalBytesRcvd = 0; printf("Received: "); // setup to print the echoed string while(totalBytesRcvd < echoStringLen){ // receive up to the buffer size (minus 1 to leave space for a null terminator) bytes from the sender if(bytesRcvd = recv(sock, echoBuffer, RCVBUFSIZE-1, 0) <= 0) DieWithError("recv() failed or connection closed prematurely"); totalBytesRcvd += bytesRcvd; // keep tally of total bytes echoBuffer[bytesRcvd] = '\0'; printf("%s", echoBuffer); // print the echo buffer } printf("\n"); closesocket(sock); WSACleanup(); exit(0); } void DieWithError(char *errorMessage) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d\n", errorMessage, WSAGetLastError()); exit(1); } Server Code: // thanks cs.baylor.edu/~donahoo/practical/CSockets/code/TCPEchoServerWS.c #include <stdio.h> #include <winsock.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define MAXPENDING 5 // maximum outstanding connection requests #define RCVBUFSIZE 1000 void DieWithError(char *errorMessage); void HandleTCPClient(int clntSocket); // tcp client handling function int main(int argc, char **argv) { int serverSock; int clientSock; struct sockaddr_in echoServerAddr; struct sockaddr_in echoClientAddr; unsigned short echoServerPort; int clientLen; // length of client address data structure WSAData wsaData; if (argc!=2){ fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <Server Port>\n", argv[0]); exit(1); } echoServerPort = atoi(argv[1]); if(WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 0), &wsaData)!=0){ fprintf(stderr, "WSAStartup() failed"); exit(1); } // create socket for incoming connections if((serverSock=socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP))<0) DieWithError("socket() failed"); // construct local address structure memset(&echoServerAddr, 0, sizeof(echoServerAddr)); echoServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; echoServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); // any incoming interface echoServerAddr.sin_port = htons(echoServerPort); // local port // bind to the local address if(bind(serverSock, (struct sockaddr*)&echoServerAddr, sizeof(echoServerAddr) )<0) DieWithError("bind() failed"); // mark the socket so it will listen for incoming connections if(listen(serverSock, MAXPENDING)<0) DieWithError("listen() failed"); for (;;){ // run forever // set the size of the in-out parameter clientLen = sizeof(echoClientAddr); // wait for a client to connect if((clientSock = accept(serverSock, (struct sockaddr*)&echoClientAddr, &clientLen)) < 0) DieWithError("accept() failed"); // clientSock is connected to a client printf("Handling client %s\n", inet_ntoa(echoClientAddr.sin_addr)); HandleTCPClient(clientSock); } // NOT REACHED } void DieWithError(char *errorMessage) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: %d\n", errorMessage, WSAGetLastError()); exit(1); } void HandleTCPClient(int clientSocket) { char echoBuffer[RCVBUFSIZE]; // buffer for echostring int recvMsgSize; // size of received message // receive message from client if((recvMsgSize = recv(clientSocket, echoBuffer, RCVBUFSIZE, 0) <0)) DieWithError("recv() failed"); // send received string and receive again until end of transmission while(recvMsgSize > 0){ // echo message back to client if(send(clientSocket, echoBuffer, recvMsgSize, 0)!=recvMsgSize) DieWithError("send() failed"); // see if there's more data to receive if((recvMsgSize = recv(clientSocket, echoBuffer, RCVBUFSIZE, 0)) <0) DieWithError("recv() failed"); } closesocket(clientSocket); // close client socket } How can I fix this?

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  • "Ambiguous template specialization" problem

    - by Setien
    I'm currently porting a heap of code that has previously only been compiled with Visual Studio 2008. In this code, there's an arrangement like this: template <typename T> T convert( const char * s ) { // slow catch-all std::istringstream is( s ); T ret; is >> ret; return ret; } template <> inline int convert<int>( const char * s ) { return (int)atoi( s ); } Generally, there are a lot of specializations of the templated function with different return types that are invoked like this: int i = convert<int>( szInt ); The problem is, that these template specializations result in "Ambiguous template specialization". If it was something besides the return type that differentiated these function specializations, I could obviously just use overloads, but that's not an option. How do I solve this without having to change all the places the convert functions are called?

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  • C++ Detecting ENTER key pressed by user

    - by user69514
    I have a loop where I ask the user to enter a name. I need to stop when the user presses the ENTER key..... or when 20 names have been entered. However my method doesn't stop when the user presses the ENTER key //loop until ENTER key is entered or 20 elements have been added bool stop = false; int ind = 0; while( !stop || ind >= 20 ){ cout << "Enter name #" << (ind+1) << ":"; string temp; getline(cin, temp); int enterKey = atoi(temp.c_str()); if(enterKey == '\n'){ stop = true; } else{ names[ind] = temp; } ind++; }

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  • converting char array into one int

    - by user1762517
    I can't use atoi, need to do it digit by digit.. How do I save it in a int.. given a char* temp put it all in one int.. #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> int main () { char* temp = "798654564654564654"; int i = 0; for (i = 0; i < strlen(temp); i++) { printf("%d", temp[i] - 48); } printf("\n"); }

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