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• How to configure remote access to multiple subnets behind a SonicWALL NSA 2400

  - by Kyle Noland

  I have a client that uses a SonicWALL NSA 2400 as their firewall. I need to setup a second LAN subnet for a handful of PC. Management has decided that there should be a second subnet even though intend to allow access across the two subnets - I know... I'm having trouble getting communication across the 2 subnets. I can ping each gateway, but I cannot ping or seem to route traffic fron subnet A to subnet B. Here is my current setup: X0 Interface: LAN zone with IP addres 192.168.1.1 X1 Interface: WAN zone with WAN IP address X2 Interface: LAN zone with IP address 192.168.75.1 I have configured ARP and routes for the secondar subnet (X2) according to this SonicWALL KB article: http://www.sonicwall.com/downloads/supporting_multiple_firewalled_subnets_on_sonicos_enhanced.pdf using "Example 1". At this point I don't minding if I have to throw the SonicWALL GVC software VPN client into the mix to make it work. It feel like I have an Access Rule issue, but for testing I made LAN LAN, WAN LAN and VPN LAN rules wide open with the same results.

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• Backing up my data causes my server to crash using Symantec Backup Exec 12, or How I Came to Loathe Irony

  - by Kyle Noland

  I have a Dell PowerEdge 2850 running Windows Server 2003. It is the primary file server for one of my clients. I have another server also running Windows Server 2003 that acts as the core media server for Symantec Backup Exec 12. I recently upgraded from Backup Exec 11d to 12. This upgrade was necessary because we also just upgraded from Exchange 2003 to Exchange 2007. After the upgrade I had to push-install the new version 12 Backup Exec Remote Agents to each of the servers I am backing up (about 6 total). 5 of my servers are doing just fine, faithfully completing backups every night. My file server routinely crashes. Observations: When the server crashes, it does not blue screen, it just locks up completely. Even the mouse is unresponsive. If you leave the server locked up long enough, it will eventually reboot itself and hang on the Windows splash screen. There is absolutely zero useful Event Viewer evidence of a problem. The logs go from routine logging to an Unexplained Shutdown Event the next morning when I have to hard reset the server to get it to boot. 90% of the time the server does not boot cleanly, it hangs on the Windows splash screen. I don't have any light to shed here. When the server hangs all I can do is hard reset it and try again. Even after a successful boot and chkdsk /r operation, if you reboot the machine, you have a 90% chance it won't back up again cleanly. The back story: This server started crashing during nightly backups about a month ago. I tried everything I could think of to troubleshoot the problem and eventually had to give up because I could not keep coming to the office at 4 AM to try to get the server back online. One Friday I got lucky and the server stayed up for its entire full backup. I took this opportunity to restore the full backup to a temporary server I set up and switched all my users to the temporary. Then I reloaded the ailing file server. I kept all my users on the temporary file server for about 3 weeks. I installed the same Backup Exec Remote Agent and Trend Micro A/V client on the temporary server that I was using on the regular file server. During this time, I had absolutely no problems backing up the temporary server. I tested the reloaded file server extensively. I rebooted the server once an hour every day for 3 weeks trying to make it fail. It never did. I felt confident that the reload was the answer to my problems. I moved all of the data from the temporary server back to the regular server. I got 3 nightly backups out of it before it locked up again and started the familiar failure to boot cleanly behavior. This weekend I decided to monitor the file server through the entire backup job. I RDPd into the file server and also into the server running Backup Exec. On the file server I opened the Task Manager so I could view the processes and watch CPU and memory usage. Everything was running smoothly for about 60GB worth of backup. Then I noticed that the byte count of the backup job in Backup Exec had stopped progressing. I looked back over at my RDP session into the file server, and I was getting real time updates about CPU and memory usage still - both nearly 0%, which is unusual. Backups usually hover around 40% usage for the duration of the backup job. Let me reiterate this point: The screen was refreshing and I was getting real time Task Manager updates - until I clicked on the Start menu. The screen went black and the server locked up. In truth, I think the server had already locked up, the video card just hadn't figured it out yet. I went back into my bag of trick: driving to the office and hard reseting the server over and over again when it hangs up at the Windows splash screen. I did this for 2 hours without getting a successful boot. I started panicking because I did not have a decent backup to use to get everything back onto the working temporary file server. Once I exhausted everything I knew to do, I took a deep breath, booted to the Windows Server 2003 CD and performed a repair installation of Windows. The server came back up fine, with all of my data intact. I can now reboot the server at will and it will come back up cleanly. The problem is that I'm afraid as soon as I try to back that data up again I will back at square one. So let me sum things up: Here is what I've done so far to troubleshoot this server: Deleted and recreated the RAID 5 sets. Initialized the drives. Reloaded the server with a fresh Server 2003 install. Confirmed with Dell that I have installed the latest, Dell approved BIOS and NIC drivers. Uninstalled / reinstalled the Backup Exec Remote Agent. Uninstalled the Trend Micro A/V client. Configured the server not to reboot itself after a blue screen so I can see any stop error. I used to think the server was blue screening, but since I enabled this setting I now know that the server just completely locks up. Run chkdsk /r from the Windows Recovery Console. Several errors were found and corrected, but did not help my problem. Help confirm or deny the following assumptions: There are two problems at work here. Why the server is locking up in the first place, and why the server won't boot cleanly after a lockup. This is ultimately a software problem. The server works fine and can be rebooted cleanly all day long - until the first lockup - following a fresh OS load or even a Repair installation. This is not a problem with Backup Exec in general. All of my other servers back up just fine. For the record, all of the other servers run Server 2003, and some of them house more data than the file server in question here. Any help is appreciated. The irony is almost too much to bear. Backing up my data is what is jeopardizing it.

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• Clever memory usage through the years

  - by Ben Emmett

  A friend and I were recently talking about the really clever tricks people have used to get the most out of memory. I thought I’d share my favorites, and would love to hear yours too! Interleaving on drum memory Back in the ye olde days before I’d been born (we’re talking the 50s / 60s here), working memory commonly took the form of rotating magnetic drums. These would spin at a constant speed, and a fixed head would read from memory when the correct part of the drum passed it by, a bit like a primitive platter disk. Because each revolution took a few milliseconds, programmers took to manually arranging information non-sequentially on the drum, timing when an instruction or memory address would need to be accessed, then spacing information accordingly around the edge of the drum, thus reducing the access delay. Similar techniques were still used on hard disks and floppy disks into the 90s, but have become irrelevant with modern disk technologies. The Hashlife algorithm Conway’s Game of Life has attracted numerous implementations over the years, but Bill Gosper’s Hashlife algorithm is particularly impressive. Taking advantage of the repetitive nature of many cellular automata, it uses a quadtree structure to store the hashes of pieces of the overall grid. Over time there are fewer and fewer new structures which need to be evaluated, so it starts to run faster with larger grids, drastically outperforming other algorithms both in terms of speed and the size of grid which can be simulated. The actual amount of memory used is huge, but it’s used in a clever way, so makes the list . Elite’s procedural generation Ok, so this isn’t exactly a memory optimization – more a storage optimization – but it gets an honorable mention anyway. When writing Elite, David Braben and Ian Bell wanted to build a rich world which gamers could explore, but their 22K memory was something of a limitation (for comparison that’s about the size of my avatar picture at the top of this page). They procedurally generated all the characteristics of the 2048 planets in their virtual universe, including the names, which were stitched together using a lookup table of parts of names. In fact the original plans were for 2^52 planets, but it was decided that that was probably too many. Oh, and they did that all in assembly language. Other games of the time used similar techniques too – The Sentinel’s landscape generation algorithm being another example. Modern Garbage Collectors Garbage collection in managed languages like Java and .NET ensures that most of the time, developers stop needing to care about how they use and clean up memory as the garbage collector handles it automatically. Achieving this without killing performance is a near-miraculous feet of software engineering. Much like when learning chemistry, you find that every time you think you understand how the garbage collector works, it turns out to be a mere simplification; that there are yet more complexities and heuristics to help it run efficiently. Of course introducing memory problems is still possible (and there are tools like our memory profiler to help if that happens to you) but they’re much, much rarer. A cautionary note In the examples above, there were good and well understood reasons for the optimizations, but cunningly optimized code has usually had to trade away readability and maintainability to achieve its gains. Trying to optimize memory usage without being pretty confident that there’s actually a problem is doing it wrong. So what have I missed? Tell me about the ingenious (or stupid) tricks you’ve seen people use. Ben

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• Simple Cisco ASA 5505 config issue

  - by Ben Sebborn

  I have a Cisco ASA setup with two interfaces: inside: 192.168.2.254 / 255.255.255.0 SecLevel:100 outside: 192.168.3.250 / 255.255.255.0 SecLevel: 0 I have a static route setup to allow PCs on the inside network to access the internet via a gateway on the outside interface (3.254): outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.254 This all works fine. I now need to be able to access a PC on the outside interface (3.253) from a PC on the inside interface on port 35300. I understand I should be able to do this with no problems, as I'm going from a higher security level to a lower one. However I can't get any connection. Do I need to set up a seperate static route? Perhaps the route above is overriding what I need to be able to do (is it routing ALL traffic through the gateway?) Any advice on how to do this would be apprecaited. I am configuring this via ASDM but the config can be seen as below: Result of the command: "show running-config" : Saved : ASA Version 8.2(5) ! hostname ciscoasa domain-name xxx.internal names name 192.168.2.201 dev.xxx.internal description Internal Dev server name 192.168.2.200 Newserver ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 shutdown ! interface Ethernet0/4 shutdown ! interface Ethernet0/5 shutdown ! interface Ethernet0/6 shutdown ! interface Ethernet0/7 shutdown ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.2.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address 192.168.3.250 255.255.255.0 ! ! time-range Workingtime periodic weekdays 9:00 to 18:00 ! ftp mode passive clock timezone GMT/BST 0 clock summer-time GMT/BDT recurring last Sun Mar 1:00 last Sun Oct 2:00 dns domain-lookup inside dns server-group DefaultDNS name-server Newserver domain-name xxx.internal same-security-traffic permit inter-interface object-group service Mysql tcp port-object eq 3306 object-group protocol TCPUDP protocol-object udp protocol-object tcp access-list inside_access_in extended permit ip any any access-list outside_access_in remark ENABLES OUTSDIE ACCESS TO DEV SERVER! access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp any interface outside eq www time-range Workingtime inactive access-list outside_access_in extended permit tcp host www-1.xxx.com interface outside eq ssh access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit tcp any any eq www access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit tcp any any eq https access-list inside_access_in_1 remark Connect to SSH services access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit tcp any any eq ssh access-list inside_access_in_1 remark Connect to mysql server access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit tcp any host mysql.xxx.com object-group Mysql access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit tcp any host mysql.xxx.com eq 3312 access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit object-group TCPUDP host Newserver any eq domain access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit icmp any any access-list inside_access_in_1 remark Draytek Admin access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit tcp any 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 eq 4433 access-list inside_access_in_1 remark Phone System access-list inside_access_in_1 extended permit tcp any 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 eq 35300 log disable pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm warnings logging from-address [email protected] logging recipient-address [email protected] level errors mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 ip verify reverse-path interface inside ip verify reverse-path interface outside ipv6 access-list inside_access_ipv6_in permit tcp any any eq www ipv6 access-list inside_access_ipv6_in permit tcp any any eq https ipv6 access-list inside_access_ipv6_in permit tcp any any eq ssh ipv6 access-list inside_access_ipv6_in permit icmp6 any any icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 icmp permit any outside no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 global (outside) 1 interface nat (inside) 1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 static (inside,outside) tcp interface www dev.xxx.internal www netmask 255.255.255.255 static (inside,outside) tcp interface ssh dev.xxx.internal ssh netmask 255.255.255.255 access-group inside_access_in in interface inside control-plane access-group inside_access_in_1 in interface inside access-group inside_access_ipv6_in in interface inside access-group outside_access_in in interface outside route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.3.254 10 route outside 192.168.3.252 255.255.255.255 192.168.3.252 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 timeout floating-conn 0:00:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy aaa authentication telnet console LOCAL aaa authentication enable console LOCAL

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• JoinDomainOrWorkgroup Method FJoinOptions help

  - by Ben

  Anyone have experience of using the JoinDomainOrWorkgroup Method of the Win32_ComputerSystem Class? I want to write a powershell script to join a machine to a domain. There may be an existing computer account for the machine, and if so I want to delete it and rejoin to the domain. I've already scripted the "search and destroy" part that will delete the computer account if it exists, but just noticed the FJoinOptions switches on Technet. Trouble is - they're a bit ambiguous. Does 4 (0x4) Deletes an account when a domain exists. mean it will delete the computer account if it already exists on the domain? Also, can you specify the computername you want to join the machine under with this method, or should you do a rename and then join the domain. Cheers, Ben NB - I've been using the guide at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa392154(VS.85).aspx - not sure if there's a better resource out there.

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• How can I get the printer shares on a print server using Powershell?

  - by Ben

  I'm trying to use Powershell to get the print shares from a remote print server. I'm using: Get-WmiObject Win32_Share -computerName "print-server" I'm getting an "access denied" error: Get-WmiObject : Access is denied. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80070005 (E_ACCESSDENIED)) At line:1 char:14 + Get-WmiObject <<<< Win32_Share -computerName "print-server" + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Get-WmiObject], UnauthorizedAccessException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.UnauthorizedAccessException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetWmiObjectCommand I don't get why I can's see the shares, though, as if I connect through My Computer (e.g. \\print-server\) I can see all the print shares fine. Any ideas? Thanks. Ben

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• How to recertify Notes .id file if you can't get into Notes Admin

  - by Ben

  I've got a bit of a catch-22 situation here. My company used to use Notes, but migrated to Exchange several years ago. As such the Notes server was mothballed. I now need to get back into Notes to get some data from an old app we had. The trouble is, all my .id files have expired. I can't recertify them, as I can't log into Notes Admin - because the .id has expired. Is there any way round this? Thanks, Ben

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• Which IMAP flags are reliably supported across most mail servers?

  - by Ben Butler-Cole

  I am writing an application which reacts to emails sent to a mailbox. It retrieves the emails via IMAP. It will be deployed to a number of systems where I do not control the mail server configuration. I would like to use IMAP flags to indicate which messages have been handled. Are the system flags sufficiently widely supported that I can reasonably depend on them in my application? Are user-defined flags sufficiently widely supported? (If the answer is "ha ha, not a chance", then I shall use folders instead.) Thanks -Ben

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• Specify Credentials to run Powershell Script to Query AD

  - by Ben

  I want to run a powershell script to query AD from a machine that is NOT on the domain. Basically I want to query to see if there is computer account already on the domain for this machine and create it if there is not. Because this has to happen before the machine joins the domain I assume I will need to specify some credentials to enable it to run. (I'm pretty new to Powershell, so apologies if this is a newbie question!) The script I am using to check the account is below, and then once this has run it will join the domain using the computername specified. Can you tell me how to specify some domain credentials to run this section of the script as? Cheers, Ben $found=$false $thisComputer = <SERVICE TAG FROM BIOS> $ou = [ADSI]"LDAP://OU=My Computer OU,DC=myDomain,DC=com" foreach ($child in $ou.psbase.Children ) { if ($child.ObjectCategory -like '*computer*') { If ($child.Name -eq $thisComputer) { $found=$true } } } If ($found) { <DELETE THE EXISTING ACCOUNT> }

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• What is causing my newly built PC with Windows 7 to BSOD?

  - by Ben S

  I recently built my own PC from parts and installed Windows 7 and I have been getting BSODs with various different stop codes. The latest was 0x24, but I've also had 0xd1 and 0x1e. However, Windows does not let me know where the fault occurred, so I have no idea how to go about resolving this. I know the cause is likely a hardware driver, but I don't know which and cannot find information about how to use the minidumps to troubleshoot my problem. I've uploaded the last three minidumps in case someone can make sense out of them and let me know what could be causing my BSODs. Thanks, Ben

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• Can I port forward to an established reverse ssh tunnel

  - by Ben Holness

  I have three computers, A, B and C A has initiated a reverse ssh tunnel to B: ssh -nTNx -p 443 -R 22222:localhost:22 [user]@[server] If I log in to B, I can use 'ssh -p 22222 localhost' and I get a login prompt for A. If I try 'ssh -p 22222 [public IP of B]', it doesn't work What I would like to be able to do is have C connect to A without needing to login to B. So from C I could 'ssh -p 22222 [public IP of B]' and I would get the login prompt for A. I am using debian and shorewall and I have a basic understanding of how things work. I have tried various combinations of REDIRECT and DNAT rules, but haven't had any luck. I have tried using the same port (22222) and a different port (forwarding 22223 from C to 22222 on localhost). Any ideas? Cheers, Ben

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• Exchange 2013 Virtual Machine: Backup just mailboxes and clear logs

  - by Ben Curtis

  I have a Windows Server 2012 machine running Exchange 2013 running as a KVM virtual machine. For my VM guests, I do full image based backups from the host, so that I can quickly restore to any host server simply by copying over the disk image files. This means I don't need a nightly full system backup. That being said, without running a VSS Full Backup, the Exchange logs get massive (Specifically, the performance logs which are 500MB a day). In addition, I would also like to have a nightly backup of just the mail database. What is the best way to accomplish this? A full backup of the C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\V15 folder as I found in one tutorial did not clear out the logs. Thanks, Ben

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• Best way to script checking whether a machine is on the corporate network

  - by Ben

  I am writing a Powershell script to determine if a machine is on the corporate network. The machine may or may not be on the domain, so I want to check at "IP" level. Have written something to check by pinging a couple of servers on a couple of different subnets (to get around the risk of someone being on another (external) subnet with a host on the same IP.) Works, but it's a bit slow, and not especially "future-proof" - e.g. in 2 years time when I decomission the server it'll break. Is there a way I can use the dns suffix being given by the local dhcp server? Just direct me what I need to check - I can figure out the script. Ta, Ben

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• Can I run AD commands from a standard PowerShell script?

  - by Ben

  I am putting together a script to run post-sysprep. It should check if the machine is on the network, and if it is then it should query AD to see if a computer account exists with it's service tag (we're using these as the hostnames of the machines.) If it does exist, it should delete the account and rejoin the machine to the domain. I have got the majority of the script running, but need to run the following: Remove-ADComputer -Identity $distinguishedName How can I run this from the "standard" powershell environment? I don't want to use the AD module. (By the way - I'm on a mixed mode 2000/03 domain as we are in the process of upgrading to 2008) I'm new to PowerShell so be gentle if I'm completely missing the point! Thanks, Ben

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• iPhone SDK Zoom and refresh PDF with Quartz

  - by Ben

  Looking at the QuartzDemo sample application, I love the speed of the PDF rending using quartz alone (that is, without using uiwebview). However, when I'm zooming in the PDF it doesn't seem to become more clear like it does in PDF view. Is there something that I can change to have the same effect when zooming in and out using multitouch? like manipulate the PDF transformation matrix or something? Thanks a bunch. --Ben

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• PyGTK: Packing widgets before tabs in a gtk.Notebook

  - by Ben Ashton

  Basically, what I want to do is put some buttons before the tabs in a gtk.Notebook. I tried making my own notebook type widget and it worked well, but it would have required lots more work to make it as flexible as I would like, also it wasn't as efficient. Here is a mock-up of what I'm trying to achieve: http://imagebin.ca/view/84SC0d.html Any ideas would be much appreciated, thanks. Ben.

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• How to escape trailing backslash in NVelocity

  - by Ben

  I am using NVelocity to process various PowerShell scripts before they are executed against a server. My question is how to escape a backslash trailing a variable: e.g. ls \\$computername\c$ $computername should be replaced with a valid computer name at runtime, but the trailing backslash (\c$) means that it does not. Thanks Ben

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• ASP.NET MVC Render View to String

  - by Ben

  I'm currently using NVelocity to render some email templates. I'm curious how I can do this with the standard ASP.NET MVC view engine i.e. render a view as a string. Basically I want to pass get the string result of a model binded view and pass this to iTextSharp to generate a PDF. Thanks. Ben

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• Core Data: NSFetchRequest sorting by count of to-many relationship

  - by Ben Reeves

  Say I have an parent entity, each of which have a number of children. I want to get all the parents sorted by their number of children. Something similar to the following pseudo code: NSEntityDescription * entity = [NSEntityDescription entityForName:@"Parent" inManagedObjectContext:managedObjectContext]; [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"children.count" ascending:NO]; //Execute request Is there a way construct a fetch like this using core data? Thanks, Ben

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• Facebook Game Development - ASP.NET MVC or ASP.NET MVVM?

  - by Ben

  Hi I am starting to develop a facebook game using ASP.NET + Silverlight Which architecture would you use? ASP.NET MVC or MVVM or RIA Services? ALso what do you think about using XNA with Silversprite? Thanks a lot in advance. -Ben

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• Offline product catalog

  - by Ben

  I am looking for a way to automate the production of an offline product catalog using product data contained in an SQL Server database. I have thought about using both Crystal Reports and SQL Server Reporting Services for this but there may be something better suited for the job. There is a requirement to display product images also (currently stored in the database). I thought about perhaps doing a simple Word Mail Merge for this but am not sure how I will handle images. Suggestions appreciated Thanks Ben

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• Storing SQL Queries within a Configuration file?

  - by Ben Crowhurst

  Hello y'all, A general question on what everyone's opinion is on storing SQL queries within a configuration file? Is this just another bike shed? Cheers, Ben

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• Is NSXMLParser's parse method asynchronous

  - by Ben Guest

  Is NSXMLParser's parse method asynchronous? in other words if i have an NSXMLParse object and i call [someParseObject parse] from the main thread, will it block the main thread while it does it's thing? -Thanks for answering this seemingly noob question. -Ben

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• What is a 'Closure'?

  - by Ben

  I asked a question about Currying and closures where mentioned. What is a closure? How does it relate to currying? Additional: Kyle's answer is great but to my poor procedural/OO mind Ben Childs answer is really useful.

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• Enterprise ASP.NET MVC application architecture

  - by Ben

  I am still trying to figure out the right architecture for a complex ASP.NET MVC web application. I looked in a lot of example code and everywhere it's done differently. I would really appreciate your thoughts on this. Another Question: Would you use Linq to SQL or the Entity Framework? Thanks, -Ben

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