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• SHH Tunnel for Remote Desktop via Intermediary Server

  - by Mihai Todor

  I've seen many examples of SSH tunnels on the nets, but I'm still having no luck with this. Here's the setup: Windows 7 PC in a private network, sitting behind a firewall, with PowerShellInsider SSH server set up and working fine. Public access Linux server, which has access to the PC. Windows 7 laptop, at home, from which I wish to do remote desktop on the PC. Now, here's what I've tried so far: SSH tunnel from my laptop to the Linux server: ssh -f my_user@LINUX_SERVER -L 6666:LINUX_SERVER_IP:6666 -N SSH to the Linux server where I've set up a tunnel to the PC: ssh -f 'PRIVATE_DOMAIN\my_user'@PC_NAME -L 6666:PC_IP:3389 -N Unfortunately, I must be doing something wrong, because it doesn't seem to work. Any ideas why or, at least, any suggestions on how can I try to debug this setup? At the moment, I have access to all 3 machines (non-root on Linux), so I can test whatever I want...

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• Quick change of SSH tunnel port forwarding options for SOCKS proxy

  - by user1335897

  The goal is to have access to internet thru SSH tunneling to SOCKS proxy. Me - ssh-on-my-vps - SOCKS proxy - internet Thing is I want to be able to quickly change the SOCKS proxy in this chain. If I use port forwarding on ssh, I assume I have to re-establish SSH tunnel with new SOCKS proxy address in parameters whenever I want to change proxy. Is that right? If it is, then I probably should always point SSH tunnel to localhost listening proxy server which will send requests to specified SOCKS proxy. So what local proxy I should choose that allows to easily change the destination SOCKS proxy via maybe reading from local file where I would put the SOCKS proxy address or via specifying new SOCKS address in its web-admin page?

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• Simple secured SFTP tunnel?

  - by babonk

  I'd like to setup an sftp tunnel so that I can connect to an IP-secured SFTP server through a gateway computer from anywhere, and download the files to anywhere. I was thinking of using a combination with netcat, having it listen to either WinSCP or PuTTY sFTP (doesn't matter which). Not sure how I would download the files to the connecting computer though. I would like the tunnel to be secured, preferably, with a username/password. I'm open to using alternative software but I'm looking for unintrusive, simple command line stuff because I don't want to install a lot on this computer. Thanks

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• SSH tunnel doesn't work

  - by s1ck

  I am trying to use my server as a "proxy" with ssh. However, setting up tunneling with ssh -D localhost:8000 user@myserver does not work. I tested this on various machines with ssh and putty - It connects just fine, but when I set my browser settings accordingly, I just get an error "Connection has been reset". I tried monitoring the traffic with wireshark, but I didn't even see some tunnel-traffic. I explicitly set AllowTcpForwarding to "yes" but I still can't use the tunnel. When running ssh in verbose mode, I don't get any errors but debug1: Connection to port 8000 forwarding to socks port 0 requested. debug1: channel 3: new [dynamic-tcpip] debug1: channel 3: free: dynamic-tcpip, nchannels 4 What am I doing wrong?

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• Joining windows LANs through SSH tunnel

  - by Akke

  I have at home a computer (a windows 7 ult machine) I need to use to manage stuff at the office which hosts windows and linux servers. I am able to set up a SSH tunnel (atleast for firefox proxying) and I'd like to be able to access shared windows network drives on the other end too. I heard something about needing some kind of samba service but I couldn't find anything useful by googling that. What do I need in order to make an SSH tunnel to the office (a NAS, running linux) so that I can access windows server 2008 and windows 7 network drives? Bonus: I'd like to be able to access a MSSQL database server too if it's possible.

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• Creating a ssh tunnel to transfer files?

  - by Vincent

  For me, networks are a very "opaque" thing, and even with reading a lot of tutorial about SSH, I do not understand how to create a basic tunnel to transfer my files. The configuration is the following : My Computer --[Internet]--> Bridge Machine --[Local Network]--> Final Machine Currently I do the following : 1) Connect to the Bridge Machine with : ssh -X [email protected] 2) Connect to the Final Machine with : ssh -X username@finalmachine 3) I copy the address of files I need (for example .../mydirectory) 4) Then I deconnect from the finalmachine with : exit 5) I copy the files to the bridge : scp -r username@finalmachine:/.../mydirectory . 6) I deconnect from the bridge with : exit 7) I copy the files to my machine : scp -r [email protected]:/.../mydirectory . Which is quite complicated. My question is basic : how to simplify this using a SSH tunnel ? (and please explain me the signification of each command line you write, to understand what each line really do and to avoid to use it like a magical thing. Furthermore if some ports number are used, explain me if I can pick a completely random number or if I have to choose a specific one.)

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• Shutting Down SSH Tunnel in Paramiko Programatically

  - by PlaidFan

  We are attempting to use the paramiko module for creating SSH tunnels on demand to arbitrary servers for purposes of querying remote databases. We attempted to use the forward.py demo that ships with paramiko but the big limitation is there does not seem to be an easy way to close an SSH tunnel and the SSH connection once the socket server is started up. The limitation we have is that we cannot activate this from a shell and then kill the shell manually to stop the listner. We need to open the SSH connection, tunnel, perform some actions through the tunnel, close the tunnel, and close the SSH connection within python. I've seen references to a server.shutdown() method but it isn't clear how to implement it correctly. Any help would be greatly appreciated...

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• Can't ssh tunnel to access a remote mysql server

  - by hobbes3

  I can't seem to figure out why I can't use ssh tunnel to connect to my remote MySQL server. I do ssh tunnel with [hobbes3@hobbes3] ~ $ ssh linode -L 3307:localhost:3306 Then on another terminal, I try [hobbes3@hobbes3] ~ $ mysql -h localhost -P 3307 -u root --protocol=tcp -p Enter password: ERROR 2013 (HY000): Lost connection to MySQL server at 'reading initial communication packet', system error: 2 On the server, it shows this: root@li534-120 ~ # channel 4: open failed: connect failed: Connection refused Here is my my.cnf on the server: [mysqld] # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used (fedora >= 15). # If you need to run mysqld under different user or group, # customize your systemd unit file for mysqld according to the # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd user=mysql datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 # Semisynchronous Replication # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/replication-semisync.html # uncomment next line on MASTER ;plugin-load=rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so # uncomment next line on SLAVE ;plugin-load=rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so # Others options for Semisynchronous Replication ;rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1 ;rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=10 ;rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1 # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/performance-schema.html ;performance_schema [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid [mysqld] port = 3306 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock skip-external-locking key_buffer_size = 64M max_allowed_packet = 128M sort_buffer_size = 512K net_buffer_length = 8K read_buffer_size = 256K read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M thread_cache = 8 max_connections = 25 query_cache_size = 16M table_open_cache = 1024 table_definition_cache = 1024 tmp_table_size = 32M max_heap_table_size = 32M bind-address = 0.0.0.0 Now sure if this helps but here is the MySQL user list: mysql> select * from mysql.user; +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+ | Host | User | Password | Select_priv | Insert_priv | Update_priv | Delete_priv | Create_priv | Drop_priv | Reload_priv | Shutdown_priv | Process_priv | File_priv | Grant_priv | References_priv | Index_priv | Alter_priv | Show_db_priv | Super_priv | Create_tmp_table_priv | Lock_tables_priv | Execute_priv | Repl_slave_priv | Repl_client_priv | Create_view_priv | Show_view_priv | Create_routine_priv | Alter_routine_priv | Create_user_priv | Event_priv | Trigger_priv | Create_tablespace_priv | ssl_type | ssl_cipher | x509_issuer | x509_subject | max_questions | max_updates | max_connections | max_user_connections | plugin | authentication_string | +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+ | localhost | root | *664328D3C5E263F4FB25185681AAE7E92B01B2B0 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | | 127.0.0.1 | root | *664328D3C5E263F4FB25185681AAE7E92B01B2B0 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | | ::1 | root | *664328D3C5E263F4FB25185681AAE7E92B01B2B0 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | | +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+---------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+------------+------------+--------------+------------+-----------------------+------------------+--------------+-----------------+------------------+------------------+----------------+---------------------+--------------------+------------------+------------+--------------+------------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------+-----------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) I read about how MySQL treats localhost vs 127.0.0.1 as connecting via a socket or TCP, respectively. But I'm starting to get confused on what's really going on or if socket vs TCP is even the issue. Thanks in advance and I'm open for any tips and suggestions! Some more info: My MySQL client, running OS X 10.8.4, is mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.6.10, for osx10.8 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper My MySQL server, running on CentOS 6.4 32-bit, is mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE "%version%"; +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ | innodb_version | 1.1.8 | | protocol_version | 10 | | slave_type_conversions | | | version | 5.5.28 | | version_comment | MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi | | version_compile_machine | i686 | | version_compile_os | Linux | +-------------------------+--------------------------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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• Total newb having SSH tunnel and remote MySQL access problems

  - by kscott

  I don't often work with linux or need to SSH tunnel into remote MySQL databases, so pardon my ignorance. I'm using Windows 7 and am needing to connect to a remote MySQL instance on a Linux server. For months I had been using the HeidiSQL client application successfully. Today two things happened: the DB moved to a new server and I updated HeidiSQL, now I cannot log in to the MySQL server, when attempting I get this message from Heidi: SQL Error (2003) in statement #0: Can't connect to MySQL server on 'localhost' (10061) If I use Putty, I can connect to the server and get MySQL access through command line, including fetching data from the DB. I assume this means my credentials and address are correct, but do not understand why putting those same details into HeidiSQL's SSH tunnel info won't work. I also downloaded the MySQL Workbench and attempted to set up a connection through that client and got this message: Cannot Connect to Database Server Your connection attempt failed for user 'myusername' from your host to server at localhost:3306: Lost connection to MySQL server at 'reading initial communication packet', system error: 0 Please: 1 Check that mysql is running on server localhost 2 Check that mysql is running on port 3306 (note: 3306 is the default, but this can be changed) 3 Check the myusername has rights to connect to localhost from your address (mysql rights define what clients can connect to the server and from which machines) 4 Make sure you are both providing a password if needed and using the correct password for localhost connecting from the host address you're connecting from From Googling around I see that it could be related to the MySQL bind-address, but I am a third party sub-contractor with no access to the MySQL settings of this box and the system admin is assuring me that I'm an idiot and need to figure it out on my end. This is completely possible but I don't know what else to try. Edit 1 - The client settings I am using In Heidi and MySQL Workbench I am using the following: SSH host + port: theHostnameOfTheRemoteServer.com:22 {this is the same host I can Putty to} SSH Username: mySSHusername {the same user name I use for my Putty connection} SSH Password: mySSHpassword {the same password for the Putty connection} Local port: 3307 {this is on the SSH settings tab and was defaulted to 3307 by Heidi, changing it to 3306 gives me a different error: SQL Error (1045) in statement #0: Access denied for user 'mySQLusername'@'localhost' (using password: YES)"} MySQL host: theHostnameOfTheRemoteServer.com {consensus seems to be I should use 'localhost' here} MySQL User: mySQLusername {which I can connect with once in with Putty} MySQL Password: mySQLpassword {which works once in with Putty} Port: 3306

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• Encrypting traffic on remote end of SSH tunnel

  - by Aaron

  Using an example of someone connecting to a VPS, an SSH tunnel will encrypt any traffic coming from the user to the VPS. Once it reaches the VPS network, the traffic is not encrypted and is easily sniffable by network administrators on that particular network. (am I understanding all that correctly?) Is there a way to have the traffic encrypted on both ends so that neither side is susceptible to packet sniffing to reveal what kind of data/traffic/protocol is being transmitted?

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• reverse ssh tunnel listens on wrong interface

  - by Jens Fahnenbruck

  I'm working with a server that is behind a firewall. I have established an ssh tunnel to an intermediate server in the internet like this: remoteuser@behind_fw$ ssh -N -f -R 10002:localhost:22 middleuser@middle But I can't connect directly throgh this server, this doesn't work: user@local$ ssh remoteuser@middle -p 10002 I have to connect in two steps: user@local$ ssh middleuser@middle middleuser@middle$ ssh remoteuser@localhost -p 10002 Output of netstat -l on middle: tcp 0 0 localhost:10002 *:* LISTEN but it should be something like this: tcp 0 0 *:10002 *:* LISTEN how can I achieve this?

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• reverse ssh tunnel listens on wrong interface

  - by jigfox

  I'm working with a server that is behind a firewall. I have established an ssh tunnel to an intermediate server in the internet like this: remoteuser@behind_fw$ ssh -N -f -R 10002:localhost:22 middleuser@middle But I can't connect directly throgh this server, this doesn't work: user@local$ ssh remoteuser@middle -p 10002 I have to connect in two steps: user@local$ ssh middleuser@middle middleuser@middle$ ssh remoteuser@localhost -p 10002 Output of netstat -l on middle: tcp 0 0 localhost:10002 *:* LISTEN but it should be something like this: tcp 0 0 *:10002 *:* LISTEN how can I achieve this?

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• reverse ssh tunnel listens on wrong interface

  - by Jens Fahnenbruck

  I'm working with a server that is behind a firewall. I have established an ssh tunnel to an intermediate server in the internet like this: remoteuser@behind_fw$ ssh -N -f -R 10002:localhost:22 middleuser@middle But I can't connect directly throgh this server, this doesn't work: user@local$ ssh remoteuser@middle -p 10002 I have to connect in two steps: user@local$ ssh middleuser@middle middleuser@middle$ ssh remoteuser@localhost -p 10002 Output of netstat -l on middle: tcp 0 0 localhost:10002 *:* LISTEN but it should be something like this: tcp 0 0 *:10002 *:* LISTEN how can I achieve this?

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• Routing all Traffic through OpenVPN Tunnel

  - by Filip Ekberg

  I have installed OpenVPN server on Archlinux and am now using OpenVPN GUI on Windows 7, I can talk to other computers connected through the VPN but I have not yet figured out how to route all traffic through the tunnel. How do I do this? I figured I need to do it with route ( cmd command ) but I think i need some pointers here. I've followed the OpenVPN HowTo on the matter but that doesn't work, it simply doesn't push the "force the client to go through this gateway"-option. And changing from OpenVPN to a PPTP / IPSec alternative is not an option at the moment.

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• Which software could I use to setup a 4in6 IP tunnel (RFC 2473) on GNU/Linux

  - by Mildred

  Here is my problem. I have a server A that has two IP addresses. One public IPv4 and one IPv6. Server B has only one IPv6 address. I want to host most of my services on server B (because I have more disk space on it, I can control it better) but I need the IPv4 of the server A. I would like to set up a 4in6 tunnel (RFC 2473) between A and B so that I can transfer the traffic from the IPv4 address in A to B. If needed, I can request another IPv4 address on the server A, but I'd prefer not to. My question is: which software use to do the 4in6 tunnelling? I suppose OpenVPN can do the thing, but is there any implementation of the 4in6 protocol on Linux? A little more challenging: the IPv4 address comes from a venet interface, which cannot be bridged. How could I transfer ownership of this address I don't use on server A to the server B? Thank you

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• Administer postgres from PGAdmin on remote mac using ssh tunnel

  - by Aidan Ewen

  I've got PostgreSQL installed on a Ubuntu server and I'm trying to connect to that server using PGAdmin on a remote macbook. I've created an ssh tunnel - macbook:~postgres$ ssh -L 5423:localhost:5432 [email protected] And I can connect using psql on the macbook as expected - macbook:~ me$ psql -U postgres -p 5423 -h localhost ... postgres=# In the 'New Server Registration' window on PGAdminIII I'm entering the following credentials - Name - MyServer Host - localhost Port - 5423 Maintenance DB - postgres Username - postgres Password - <remote_postgres_password> However the connection fails - Error connecting to the server: FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" Not sure what's going on here, these seem to be the same credentials I've used for psql.

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• Is it possible to tunnel ICMP over TCP?

  - by Robert Atkins

  I don't want to tunnel TCP over ICMP (as ptunnel does), I want to go the other way around. I'm in the situation where I have TCP (HTTP) connectivity to a machine but an internal firewall over which I have no control is swallowing pings. The monitoring software I'm using appears to determine connectivity by attempting to send a ping before it tries to just connect to the web service on the target machine. It's failing this ping test and giving up. I believe if I could fool my monitoring software into thinking pings were getting through, it would then connect to the web service and be on its merry way. Anyone know how I can do this? I have SSH and root access on the destination machine.

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• Setup IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel in VPN

  - by bfmeb

  Let me explain my szenario: I have a linux server A. A is reachable in a VPN. So if I am connected to the VPN over Internet I can successfully ping A. Server A is connected to a Router B. Router B has a local ipv6 address and there are resources (each of them with a local ipv6 address) connected to Router B. After I am connected to VPN, I am able to use ssh to have access over A. Now I can use the ping6 command to ping the Router B or one of its connected resources. This works fine. The ping fails if I try to ping router B on my computer. Overview: My Computer -- VPN -- Server A(ipv4) -- Router B(ipv6) -- Ressource A(ipv6) On resource A runs for example a HTTP-Server. My question is: How can I access Resource A (for example with HTTP) on my to VPN connected computer? Is it possible? Should I setup a tunnel device? Sorry for this inexpertly explanation, but I am new to network stuff!

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• SSH Tunnel doesn't work in China

  - by Martin

  Last year I was working in China for a few months. I never bothered setting up a real VPN, but just created a SSH tunnel, and changed my browsers proxy settings to connect through it. Everything worked great (except flash of course) but that was fine. However, now I'm back in China but I'm having problems with this approach. I do the same thing as last time, and according to https://ipcheckit.com/ my IP address is indeed the IP of my (private) server in the US, and I'm logging in to my server using a fingerprint I created long before going to China so no MITM should be possible. Furthermore the certificate from ipcheckit.com is from GeoTrust - so everything should be OK However, I still can't access sites which are blocked in China. Any idea how this could be possible?

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• Use SSH reverse tunnel to bypass VPN [on hold]

  - by John J. Camilleri

  I have shell access to a server M, but I need to log into a VPN on my machine L in order to access it. I want to be able to get around this VPN, and I've heard I can do this by creating a reverse SSH tunnel and using a intermediate server E (which I can access without the VPN). This is what I am trying: Turn on VPN on L, open SSH session to M On M, execute the command: ssh -f -N -T -R 22222:localhost:22 user@E From L, try to open SSH session to E on port 22222, hoping to end up at M Step 2 seems to work without any complaint, but on step 3 I keep getting "connection refused". I have made sure that port 22222 is open on E: 7 ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:22222 I'm pretty new to SSH tunnelling and not sure what the problem could be. Any ideas what I can try?

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• ssh tunnel through an intermediate host

  - by user1190650

  I have configured an SSH tunnel to forward my web traffic from hostA to hostC using this command on hostA: ssh -D 2222 user@hostC after configuring my browser to use a proxy on port 2222. This works great. However, I now want to forward the same traffic through an intermediate SSH connection on hostB in order to get to hostC. I tried this on hostA: ssh user@hostB -L 2222:hostB:22 but I get "channel x: open failed" errors. Does anyone know the correct way of doing this?

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• Tunnel out to internet

  - by case1352

  I'm on a network with no internet access, but I have SSH access to a server that sits on my internal network, and the internet. I would like certain programs to be able to access the internet, like windows update and my antivirus software etc. If I install a proxy server on that server I can use the internet from my pc. But I don't want to do that. Is there a way that I can configure a web browser and perhaps putty to let me "tunnel out?" through the server to the internet.

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• networking tunnel adapter connections?

  - by Karthik Balaguru

  I understand that Tunnel Adapter LAN is for encapsulating IPv6 packets with an IPv4 header so that they can be sent across an IPv4 network. Few queries popped up in my mind based on this :- If i do 'ipconfig', Apart from ethernet adapter LAN details, I get a series of statments as below - Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 6 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 7 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 12 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 13 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 14 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 15 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 16 Except for the *16, all the other Tunnel Adapter Local Area Connections show Media Disconnected. Why is the numbering for the Tunnel adapter LAN not sequential? It is like 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. A strange numbering scheme! I tried to figure it out by thinking of some arithmetic series. But, it does not seem to fit in. There is a huge gap between 7 and 12. Any ideas? What is the need for so many Tunnel Adapter LAN connections? Can you tell me a scenario that requires all of those ? I did ipconfig /all to get more information. From the listing, I understand that: 16, 15, 14, 12 are Microsoft 6to4 Adapters 13, 6 are isatap Adapters 7 is Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-interface I understand that the above are for automatic tunneling so that the tunnel endpoints are determined automatically by the routing infrastructure. 6to4 is recommended by RFC3056 for automatic tunneling that uses protocol 41 for encapsulation. It is typically used when an end-user wants to connect to the IPv6 Internet using their existing IPv4 connection. Teredo is an automatic tunneling technique that uses UDP encapsulation across multiple NATs. That is, It is to grant IPv6 connectivity to nodes that are located behind IPv6-unaware NAT devices ISATAP treats the IPv4 network as a virtual IPv6 local link, with mappings from each IPv4 address to a link-local IPv6 address. That is to transmit IPv6 packets between dual-stack nodes on top of an IPv4 network. That is, to put in simple words, ISATAP is an intra-site mechanism, while the 6to4 and Teredo are for inter-site tunnelling mechanisms. It seems that Teredo should alone enabled by default in Vista, But my system does not show it to be enabled by default. Interestingly, it shows a 6to4 tunnel adapter (Tunnel adapter LAN connection 16) to be enabled by default? Any specific reasons for it? If i do ipconfig /all, why is only one Teredo present while four 6to4 are present ? I searched the internet for answers to the above queries, but I am unable to find clear answers.

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• networking tunnel adapter connections?

  - by Karthik Balaguru

  I understand that Tunnel Adapter LAN is for encapsulating IPv6 packets with an IPv4 header so that they can be sent across an IPv4 network. Few queries popped up in my mind based on this :- If i do 'ipconfig', Apart from ethernet adapter LAN details, I get a series of statments as below - Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 6 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 7 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 12 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 13 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 14 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 15 Tunnel adapter Local Area Connection* 16 Except for the *16, all the other Tunnel Adapter Local Area Connections show Media Disconnected. Why is the numbering for the Tunnel adapter LAN not sequential? It is like 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. A strange numbering scheme! I tried to figure it out by thinking of some arithmetic series. But, it does not seem to fit in. There is a huge gap between 7 and 12. Any ideas? What is the need for so many Tunnel Adapter LAN connections? Can you tell me a scenario that requires all of those ? I did ipconfig /all to get more information. From the listing, I understand that: 16, 15, 14, 12 are Microsoft 6to4 Adapters 13, 6 are isatap Adapters 7 is Teredo Tunneling Pseudo-interface I understand that the above are for automatic tunneling so that the tunnel endpoints are determined automatically by the routing infrastructure. 6to4 is recommended by RFC3056 for automatic tunneling that uses protocol 41 for encapsulation. It is typically used when an end-user wants to connect to the IPv6 Internet using their existing IPv4 connection. Teredo is an automatic tunneling technique that uses UDP encapsulation across multiple NATs. That is, It is to grant IPv6 connectivity to nodes that are located behind IPv6-unaware NAT devices ISATAP treats the IPv4 network as a virtual IPv6 local link, with mappings from each IPv4 address to a link-local IPv6 address. That is to transmit IPv6 packets between dual-stack nodes on top of an IPv4 network. That is, to put in simple words, ISATAP is an intra-site mechanism, while the 6to4 and Teredo are for inter-site tunnelling mechanisms. It seems that Teredo should alone enabled by default in Vista, But my system does not show it to be enabled by default. Interestingly, it shows a 6to4 tunnel adapter (Tunnel adapter LAN connection 16) to be enabled by default? Any specific reasons for it? If i do ipconfig /all, why is only one Teredo present while four 6to4 are present ? I searched the internet for answers to the above queries, but I am unable to find clear answers.

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• Possible to IPSec VPN Tunnel Public IP Addresses?

  - by caleban

  A customer uses an IBM SAS product over the internet. Traffic flows from the IBM hosting data center to the customer network through Juniper VPN appliances. IBM says they're not tunneling private IP addresses. IBM says they're tunneling public IP addresses. Is this possible? What does this look like in the VPN configuration and in the packets? I'd like to know what the source/destination ip/ports would look like in the encrypted tunneled IPSec Payload and in the IP packet carrying the IPSec Payload. IPSec Payload: source:1.1.1.101:1001 destination:2.2.2.101:2001 IP Packet: source:1.1.1.1:101 destination:2.2.2.1:201 Is it possible to send public IP addresses through an IPSec VPN tunnel? Is it possible for IBM to send a print job from a server on their network using the static-nat public address over a VPN to a printer at a customer network using the printer's static-nat public address? Or can a VPN not do this? Can a VPN only work with interesting traffic from and to private IP addresses?

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