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• rspec undefined local variable or method `class_nesting_depth`

  - by unsorted

  I'm using rails 3 w/ rspec-rails 2.4.1 and I get an error during model generation. Can't find anything from googling. Anyone know what might be going on? TIA $ rails g model CourseRating student_id:integer course_id:integer difficulty:integer usefulness:integer invoke active_record create db/migrate/20110111044035_create_course_ratings.rb create app/models/course_rating.rb invoke rspec create spec/models/course_rating_spec.rb (erb):1:in `template': undefined local variable or method `class_nesting_depth' for #<Rspec::Generators::ModelGenerator:0x0000010424e460> (NameError) from /Users/glurban/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/erb.rb:753:in `eval' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/lib/ruby/1.9.1/erb.rb:753:in `result' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb:111:in `block in template' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb:54:in `call' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb:54:in `render' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb:63:in `block (2 levels) in invoke!' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb:63:in `open' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb:63:in `block in invoke!' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb:114:in `call' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/empty_directory.rb:114:in `invoke_with_conflict_check' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb:61:in `invoke!' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions.rb:95:in `action' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/create_file.rb:26:in `create_file' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/actions/file_manipulation.rb:110:in `template' from /Users/glurban/code/recruitd/lib/generators/rspec/model/model_generator.rb:10:in `create_test_file' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/task.rb:22:in `run' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:118:in `invoke_task' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `block in invoke_all' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `each' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `map' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `invoke_all' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:226:in `dispatch' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:109:in `invoke' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:269:in `block in _invoke_for_class_method' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/shell.rb:74:in `with_padding' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:258:in `_invoke_for_class_method' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:150:in `_invoke_from_option_test_framework' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/task.rb:22:in `run' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:118:in `invoke_task' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `block in invoke_all' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `each' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `map' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `invoke_all' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:226:in `dispatch' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:109:in `invoke' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:269:in `block in _invoke_for_class_method' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/shell.rb:74:in `with_padding' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:258:in `_invoke_for_class_method' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:150:in `_invoke_from_option_orm' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/task.rb:22:in `run' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:118:in `invoke_task' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `block in invoke_all' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `each' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `map' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/invocation.rb:124:in `invoke_all' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/group.rb:226:in `dispatch' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/thor-0.14.6/lib/thor/base.rb:389:in `start' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/generators.rb:163:in `invoke' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/commands/generate.rb:10:in `<top (required)>' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `block in require' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `block in load_dependency' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:591:in `new_constants_in' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require' from /Users/glurban/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-rc2/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>' from script/rails:6:in `require' from script/rails:6:in `<main>'

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• invoke javax.el.MethodExpression from jsf component

  - by marcos

  Hello gurus I have a jsp tag wich takes a javax.el.MethodExpression as attribute: <%@ attribute name="action" required="true" type="javax.el.MethodExpression" rtexprvalue="true" %> within the same tag i have: <h:commandLink action="#{action}"> link text </h:commandLink> I'm getting the following error when i try to click the link: javax.faces.FacesException: #{action}: org.apache.jasper.el.JspMethodNotFoundException: /WEB-INF/tags/pager/pager.tag(17,1) '#{action}' Identity 'action' was null and was unable to invoke is it possible for the commandLink to properly invoke the "action" method?

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• How do you build an Oa_zones array in to utitlize OpenX full page invocation in Rails?

  - by johnml

  I'm serving ads using OpenX within Rails. To correctly use the OpenX full page invocation you need to set Oa_zones[] array, otherwise all available ads are requested (but will never be used). These are the necessary pieces: Build an array of zones. Ideally zones could be added in any partial, so working with this array needs to be accessible throughout the view. Output full page invocation link ie. delivery/spcjs.php?id=1&block=1 Output zones The problem is, the full page invocation script can't be loaded until the zone array is built (and instantiated in JavaScript). At the same time, the zone array can't be built until the entire view has been rendered.

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• In Java, is it possible for a super constructor invocation actually invoke a constructor in the calling class?

  - by John Assymptoth

  Super constructor invocation definition: [Primary.] [NonWildTypeArguments] super ( ArgumentListopt ) ; A super constructor call can be prefixed by an Primary expression. Example (taken from JLS): class Outer { class Inner{ } } class ChildOfInner extends Outer.Inner { ChildOfInner() { (new Outer()).super(); // (new Outer()) is the Primary } } Does a Primary expression exist that makes the call to super() the invocation of a constructor of the calling class? Or Java prevents that?

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• Using Delegates in C# (Part 1)

  - by rajbk

  This post provides a very basic introduction of delegates in C#. Part 2 of this post can be read here. A delegate is a class that is derived from System.Delegate.  It contains a list of one or more methods called an invocation list. When a delegate instance is “invoked” with the arguments as defined in the signature of the delegate, each of the methods in the invocation list gets invoked with the arguments. The code below shows example with static and instance methods respectively: Static Methods 1: using System; 2: using System.Linq; 3: using System.Collections.Generic; 4: 5: public delegate void SayName(string name); 6: 7: public class Program 8: { 9: [STAThread] 10: static void Main(string[] args) 11: { 12: SayName englishDelegate = new SayName(SayNameInEnglish); 13: SayName frenchDelegate = new SayName(SayNameInFrench); 14: SayName combinedDelegate =(SayName)Delegate.Combine(englishDelegate, frenchDelegate); 15: 16: combinedDelegate.Invoke("Tom"); 17: Console.ReadLine(); 18: } 19: 20: static void SayNameInFrench(string name) { 21: Console.WriteLine("J'ai m'appelle " + name); 22: } 23: 24: static void SayNameInEnglish(string name) { 25: Console.WriteLine("My name is " + name); 26: } 27: } We have declared a delegate of type SayName with return type of void and taking an input parameter of name of type string. On line 12, we create a new instance of this delegate which refers to a static method - SayNameInEnglish.  SayNameInEnglish has the same return type and parameter list as the delegate declaration.  Once a delegate is instantiated, the instance will always refer to the same target. Delegates are immutable. On line 13, we create a new instance of the delegate but point to a different static method. As you may recall, a delegate instance encapsulates an invocation list. You create an invocation list by combining delegates using the Delegate.Combine method (there is an easier syntax as you will see later). When two non null delegate instances are combined, their invocation lists get combined to form a new invocation list. This is done in line 14.  On line 16, we invoke the delegate with the Invoke method and pass in the required string parameter. Since the delegate has an invocation list with two entries, each of the method in the invocation list is invoked. If an unhandled exception occurs during the invocation of one of these methods, the exception gets bubbled up to the line where the invocation was made (line 16). If a delegate is null and you try to invoke it, you will get a System.NullReferenceException. We see the following output when the method is run: My name is TomJ'ai m'apelle Tom Instance Methods The code below outputs the same results as before. The only difference here is we are creating delegates that point to a target object (an instance of Translator) and instance methods which have the same signature as the delegate type. The target object can never be null. We also use the short cut syntax += to combine the delegates instead of Delegate.Combine. 1: public delegate void SayName(string name); 2: 3: public class Program 4: { 5: [STAThread] 6: static void Main(string[] args) 7: { 8: Translator translator = new Translator(); 9: SayName combinedDelegate = new SayName(translator.SayNameInEnglish); 10: combinedDelegate += new SayName(translator.SayNameInFrench); 11:  12: combinedDelegate.Invoke("Tom"); 13: Console.ReadLine(); 14: } 15: } 16: 17: public class Translator { 18: public void SayNameInFrench(string name) { 19: Console.WriteLine("J'ai m'appelle " + name); 20: } 21: 22: public void SayNameInEnglish(string name) { 23: Console.WriteLine("My name is " + name); 24: } 25: } A delegate can be removed from a combination of delegates by using the –= operator. Removing a delegate from an empty list or removing a delegate that does not exist in a non empty list will not result in an exception. Delegates are invoked synchronously using the Invoke method. We can also invoke them asynchronously using the BeginInvoke and EndInvoke methods which are compiler generated.

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• How can I make a universal construction more efficient?

  - by VF1

  A "universal construction" is a wrapper class for a sequential object that enables it to be linearized (a strong consistency condition for concurrent objects). For instance, here's an adapted wait-free construction, in Java, from [1], which presumes the existence of a wait-free queue that satisfies the interface WFQ (which only requires one-time consensus between threads) and assumes a Sequential interface: public interface WFQ<T> // "FIFO" iteration { int enqueue(T t); // returns the sequence number of t Iterable<T> iterateUntil(int max); // iterates until sequence max } public interface Sequential { // Apply an invocation (method + arguments) // and get a response (return value + state) Response apply(Invocation i); } public interface Factory<T> { T generate(); } // generate new default object public interface Universal extends Sequential {} public class SlowUniversal implements Universal { Factory<? extends Sequential> generator; WFQ<Invocation> wfq = new WFQ<Invocation>(); Universal(Factory<? extends Sequential> g) { generator = g; } public Response apply(Invocation i) { int max = wfq.enqueue(i); Sequential s = generator.generate(); for(Invocation invoc : wfq.iterateUntil(max)) s.apply(invoc); return s.apply(i); } } This implementation isn't very satisfying, however, since it presumes determinism of a Sequential and is really slow. I attempted to add memory recycling: public interface WFQD<T> extends WFQ<T> { T dequeue(int n); } // dequeues only when n is the tail, else assists other threads public interface CopyableSequential extends Sequential { CopyableSequential copy(); } public class RecyclingUniversal implements Universal { WFQD<CopyableSequential> wfqd = new WFQD<CopyableSequential>(); Universal(CopyableSequential init) { wfqd.enqueue(init); } public Response apply(Invocation i) { int max = wfqd.enqueue(i); CopyableSequential cs = null; int ctr = max; for(CopyableSequential csq : wfq.iterateUntil(max)) if(--max == 0) cs = csq.copy(); wfqd.dequeue(max); return cs.apply(i); } } Here are my specific questions regarding the extension: Does my implementation create a linearizable multi-threaded version of a CopyableSequential? Is it possible extend memory recycling without extending the interface (perhaps my new methods trivialize the problem)? My implementation only reduces memory when a thread returns, so can this be strengthened? [1] provided an implementation for WFQ<T>, not WFQD<T> - one does exist, though, correct? [1] Herlihy and Shavit, The Art of Multiprocessor Programming.

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• Using Castle DynamicProxy is it possible to change the invocation target on class proxy?

  - by Gareth D

  Hi Using Castle DynamicProxy v2, I'd like to change the target of an invocation for a class proxy. The new target is simply a different instance of the same type as the original target. The target types do not implement a common interface so I cannot use the IProxyTargetAccessor as detailed in Krzysztof's post on the subject - I cannot cast from a class proxy invocator to a IProxyTargetAccessor. Is there a way to do this?

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• Making Ninject Interceptors work with async methods

  - by captncraig

  I am starting to work with ninject interceptors to wrap some of my async code with various behaviors and am having some trouble getting everything working. Here is an interceptor I am working with: public class MyInterceptor : IInterceptor { public async void Intercept(IInvocation invocation) { try { invocation.Proceed(); //check that method indeed returns Task await (Task) invocation.ReturnValue; RecordSuccess(); } catch (Exception) { RecordError(); invocation.ReturnValue = _defaultValue; throw; } } This appears to run properly in most normal cases. I am not sure if this will do what I expect. Although it appears to return control flow to the caller asynchronously, I am still a bit worried about the possibility that the proxy is unintentionally blocking a thread or something. That aside, I cannot get the exception handling working. For this test case: [Test] public void ExceptionThrown() { try { var interceptor = new MyInterceptor(DefaultValue); var invocation = new Mock<IInvocation>(); invocation.Setup(x => x.Proceed()).Throws<InvalidOperationException>(); interceptor.Intercept(invocation.Object); } catch (Exception e) { } } I can see in the interceptor that the catch block is hit, but the catch block in my test is never hit from the rethrow. I am more confused because there is no proxy or anything here, just pretty simple mocks and objects. I also tried something like Task.Run(() => interceptor.Intercept(invocation.Object)).Wait(); in my test, and still no change. The test passes happily, but the nUnit output does have the exception message. I imagine I am messing something up, and I don't quite understand what is going on as much as I think I do. Is there a better way to intercept an async method? What am I doing wrong with regards to exception handling?

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• Issue intercepting property in Silverlight application

  - by joblot

  I am using Ninject as DI container in a Silverlight application. Now I am extending the application to support interception and started integrating DynamicProxy2 extension for Ninject. I am trying to intercept call to properties on a ViewModel and ending up getting following exception: “Attempt to access the method failed: System.Reflection.Emit.DynamicMethod..ctor(System.String, System.Type, System.Type[], System.Reflection.Module, Boolean)” This exception is thrown when invocation.Proceed() method is called. I tried two implementations of the interceptor and they both fail public class NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor: SimpleInterceptor { protected override void AfterInvoke(IInvocation invocation) { var model = (IAutoNotifyPropertyChanged)invocation.Request.Proxy; model.OnPropertyChanged(invocation.Request.Method.Name.Substring("set_".Length)); } } public class NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor: IInterceptor { public void Intercept(IInvocation invocation) { invocation.Proceed(); var model = (IAutoNotifyPropertyChanged)invocation.Request.Proxy; model.OnPropertyChanged(invocation.Request.Method.Name.Substring("set_".Length)); } } I want to call OnPropertyChanged method on the ViewModel when property value is set. I am using Attribute based interception. [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false, Inherited = true)] public class NotifyPropertyChangedAttribute : InterceptAttribute { public override IInterceptor CreateInterceptor(IProxyRequest request) { if(request.Method.Name.StartsWith("set_")) return request.Context.Kernel.Get<NotifyPropertyChangedInterceptor>(); return null; } } I tested the implementation with a Console Application and it works alright. I also noted in Console Application as long as I had Ninject.Extensions.Interception.DynamicProxy2.dll in same folder as Ninject.dll I did not have to explicitly load DynamicProxy2Module into the Kernel, where as I had to explicitly load it for Silverlight application as follows: IKernel kernel = new StandardKernel(new DIModules(), new DynamicProxy2Module()); Could someone please help? Thanks

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• EJB3.1 Remote invocation - is it distributed automatically? is it expensive?

  - by Hank

  I'm building a JEE6 application with performance and scalability in the forefront of my mind. Business logic and JPA2-facade is held in stateless session beans (EJB3.1). As of right now, the SLSBs implement only @Remote-interfaces. When a bean needs to access another bean, it does so via RMI. My reasoning behind this is the assumption that, once the application runs on a bunch of clustered application servers, the RMI-part allows the execution to be distributed across the whole cluster automagically. Is that a correct assumption? I'm fine with dealing with the downsides of that (objects lose entityManager session, pass-by-value), at least I think so. But I am wondering if constant remote invocation isn't adding more load then necessary.

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• Can a rake task know about the other tasks in the invocation chain?

  - by andrewdotnich

  Rake (like make) is able to have many targets/tasks specified on invocation. Is it possible for a rake task to access the list of tasks the user invoked, in order to do its job? Scenario: Consider a Rake-based build tool. A help task would like to know what tasks were also specified in order to print their usage and halt the build process. The benefit of this as opposed to rake-style parameter passing are cleaner syntax (rake help build instead of rake help task=build) and chaining (rake help build run_tests would print usage for both).

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• Why does the compiler give an ambiguous invocation error when passing inherited types?

  - by Matt Mitchell

  What is happening in the C# compiler to cause the following ambiguous invocation compilation error? The same issue applies to extension methods, or when TestClass is generic and using instance rather than static methods. class Type1 { } class Type2 : Type1 {} class TestClass { public static void Do<T>(T something, object o) where T : Type1 {} public static void Do(Type1 something, string o) {} } void Main() { var firstInstance = new Type1(); TestClass.Do(firstInstance, new object()); // Calls Do(Type1, obj) TestClass.Do(firstInstance, "Test"); // Calls Do<T>(T, string) var secondInstance = new Type2(); TestClass.Do(secondInstance, new object()); // Calls Do(Type1, obj) TestClass.Do(secondInstance, "Test"); // "The call is ambiguous" compile error }

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• In Ruby, why is a method invocation not be able to be treated as a unit when "do" and "end" is used?

  - by Jian Lin

  The following question is related to the question "Ruby Print Inject Do Syntax". My question is, can we insist on using do and end and make it work with puts or p? This works: a = [1,2,3,4] b = a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end puts b # prints out 10 so, is it correct to say, inject is a class method of the Array class, which takes a block of code, and then returns a number. If so, then it should be no different from calling a function and getting back a return value: b = foo(3) puts b or b = circle.getRadius() puts b In the above two cases, we can directly say puts foo(3) puts circle.getRadius() so, there is no way to make it work directly by using the following 2 ways: a = [1,2,3,4] puts a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end but it gives ch01q2.rb:7:in `inject': no block given (LocalJumpError) from ch01q2.rb:4:in `each' from ch01q2.rb:4:in `inject' from ch01q2.rb:4 grouping the method call using ( ) doesn't work either: a = [1,2,3,4] puts (a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end) and this gives: ch01q3.rb:4: syntax error, unexpected kDO_BLOCK, expecting ')' puts (a.inject do |sum, x| ^ ch01q3.rb:4: syntax error, unexpected '|', expecting '=' puts (a.inject do |sum, x| ^ ch01q3.rb:6: syntax error, unexpected kEND, expecting $end end) ^ finally, the following version works: a = [1,2,3,4] puts a.inject { |sum, x| sum + x } but why doesn't the grouping of the method invocation using ( ) work in the earlier example? What if a programmer insist that he uses do and end, can it be made to work?

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• In Ruby, why does a method invocation not be able to be treated as a unit when "do" and "end" is use

  - by Jian Lin

  The following question is related to http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2127836/ruby-print-inject-do-syntax The question is, can we insist on using DO and END and make it work with puts or p? This works: a = [1,2,3,4] b = a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end puts b # prints out 10 so, is it correct to say, inject is a class method of the Array class, which takes a block of code, and then returns a number. If so, then it should be no different from calling a function and getting back a return value: b = foo(3) puts b or b = circle.getRadius() puts b In the above two cases, we can directly say puts foo(3) puts circle.getRadius() so, there is no way to make it work directly by using the following 2 ways: a = [1,2,3,4] puts a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end but it gives ch01q2.rb:7:in `inject': no block given (LocalJumpError) from ch01q2.rb:4:in `each' from ch01q2.rb:4:in `inject' from ch01q2.rb:4 grouping the method call using ( ) doesn't work either: a = [1,2,3,4] puts (a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end) and this gives: ch01q3.rb:4: syntax error, unexpected kDO_BLOCK, expecting ')' puts (a.inject do |sum, x| ^ ch01q3.rb:4: syntax error, unexpected '|', expecting '=' puts (a.inject do |sum, x| ^ ch01q3.rb:6: syntax error, unexpected kEND, expecting $end end) ^ finally, the following version works: a = [1,2,3,4] puts a.inject { |sum, x| sum + x } but why doesn't the grouping of the method invocation using ( ) work? What if a programmer insists that he uses do and end, can it be made to work directly with p or puts, without an extra temporary variable?

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• In Ruby, why is a method invocation not able to be treated as a unit when "do" and "end" is used?

  - by Jian Lin

  The following question is related to the question "Ruby Print Inject Do Syntax". My question is, can we insist on using do and end and make it work with puts or p? This works: a = [1,2,3,4] b = a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end puts b # prints out 10 so, is it correct to say, inject is an instance method of the Array object, and this instance method takes a block of code, and then returns a number. If so, then it should be no different from calling a function or method and getting back a return value: b = foo(3) puts b or b = circle.getRadius() puts b In the above two cases, we can directly say puts foo(3) puts circle.getRadius() so, there is no way to make it work directly by using the following 2 ways: a = [1,2,3,4] puts a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end but it gives ch01q2.rb:7:in `inject': no block given (LocalJumpError) from ch01q2.rb:4:in `each' from ch01q2.rb:4:in `inject' from ch01q2.rb:4 grouping the method call using ( ) doesn't work either: a = [1,2,3,4] puts (a.inject do |sum, x| sum + x end) and this gives: ch01q3.rb:4: syntax error, unexpected kDO_BLOCK, expecting ')' puts (a.inject do |sum, x| ^ ch01q3.rb:4: syntax error, unexpected '|', expecting '=' puts (a.inject do |sum, x| ^ ch01q3.rb:6: syntax error, unexpected kEND, expecting $end end) ^ finally, the following version works: a = [1,2,3,4] puts a.inject { |sum, x| sum + x } but why doesn't the grouping of the method invocation using ( ) work in the earlier example? What if a programmer insist that he uses do and end, can it be made to work?

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• Why Moq is thorwing "expected Invocation on the mock at least once". Where as it is being set once,e

  - by Mohit

  Following is the code. create a class lib add the ref to NUnit framework 2.5.3.9345 and Moq.dll 4.0.0.0 and paste the following code. Try running it on my machine it throws TestCase 'MoqTest.TryClassTest.IsMessageNotNull' failed: Moq.MockException : Expected invocation on the mock at least once, but was never performed: v = v.Model = It.Is(value(Moq.It+<c__DisplayClass21[MoqTest.GenInfo]).match) at Moq.Mock.ThrowVerifyException(IProxyCall expected, Expression expression, Times times, Int32 callCount) at Moq.Mock.VerifyCalls(Interceptor targetInterceptor, MethodCall expected, Expression expression, Times times) at Moq.Mock.VerifySet[T](Mock1 mock, Action1 setterExpression, Times times, String failMessage) at Moq.Mock1.VerifySet(Action`1 setterExpression) Class1.cs(22,0): at MoqTest.TryClassTest.IsMessageNotNull() using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Moq; using NUnit.Framework; namespace MoqTest { [TestFixture] public class TryClassTest { [Test] public void IsMessageNotNull() { var mockView = new Mock<IView<GenInfo>>(); mockView.Setup(v => v.ModuleId).Returns(""); TryPresenter tryPresenter = new TryPresenter(mockView.Object); tryPresenter.SetMessage(new object(), new EventArgs()); // mockView.VerifySet(v => v.Message, Times.AtLeastOnce()); mockView.VerifySet(v => v.Model = It.Is<GenInfo>(x => x != null)); } } public class TryPresenter { private IView<GenInfo> view; public TryPresenter(IView<GenInfo> view) { this.view = view; } public void SetMessage(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.view.Model = null; } } public class MyView : IView<GenInfo> { #region Implementation of IView<GenInfo> public string ModuleId { get; set; } public GenInfo Model { get; set; } #endregion } public interface IView<T> { string ModuleId { get; set; } T Model { get; set; } } public class GenInfo { public String Message { get; set; } } } And if you change one line mockView.VerifySet(v = v.Model = It.Is(x = x != null)); to mockView.VerifySet(v = v.Model, Times.AtLeastOnce()); it works fine. I think Exception is incorrect.

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• Why Moq is throwing "expected Invocation on the mock at least once". Where as it is being set once,e

  - by Mohit

  Following is the code. create a class lib add the ref to NUnit framework 2.5.3.9345 and Moq.dll 4.0.0.0 and paste the following code. Try running it on my machine it throws TestCase 'MoqTest.TryClassTest.IsMessageNotNull' failed: Moq.MockException : Expected invocation on the mock at least once, but was never performed: v = v.Model = It.Is(value(Moq.It+<c__DisplayClass21[MoqTest.GenInfo]).match) at Moq.Mock.ThrowVerifyException(IProxyCall expected, Expression expression, Times times, Int32 callCount) at Moq.Mock.VerifyCalls(Interceptor targetInterceptor, MethodCall expected, Expression expression, Times times) at Moq.Mock.VerifySet[T](Mock1 mock, Action1 setterExpression, Times times, String failMessage) at Moq.Mock1.VerifySet(Action`1 setterExpression) Class1.cs(22,0): at MoqTest.TryClassTest.IsMessageNotNull() using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Moq; using NUnit.Framework; namespace MoqTest { [TestFixture] public class TryClassTest { [Test] public void IsMessageNotNull() { var mockView = new Mock<IView<GenInfo>>(); mockView.Setup(v => v.ModuleId).Returns(""); TryPresenter tryPresenter = new TryPresenter(mockView.Object); tryPresenter.SetMessage(new object(), new EventArgs()); // mockView.VerifySet(v => v.Message, Times.AtLeastOnce()); mockView.VerifySet(v => v.Model = It.Is<GenInfo>(x => x != null)); } } public class TryPresenter { private IView<GenInfo> view; public TryPresenter(IView<GenInfo> view) { this.view = view; } public void SetMessage(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.view.Model = null; } } public class MyView : IView<GenInfo> { #region Implementation of IView<GenInfo> public string ModuleId { get; set; } public GenInfo Model { get; set; } #endregion } public interface IView<T> { string ModuleId { get; set; } T Model { get; set; } } public class GenInfo { public String Message { get; set; } } } And if you change one line mockView.VerifySet(v => v.Model = It.Is<GenInfo>(x => x != null)); to mockView.VerifySet(v => v.Model, Times.AtLeastOnce()); it works fine. I think Exception is incorrect.

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• Proxy is created, and interceptor is in the __interceptors array, but the interceptor is never calle

  - by drewbu

  This is the first time I've used interceptors with the fluent registration and I'm missing something. With the following registration, I can resolve an IProcessingStep, and it's a proxy class and the interceptor is in the __interceptors array, but for some reason, the interceptor is not called. Any ideas what I'm missing? Thanks, Drew AllTypes.Of<IProcessingStep>() .FromAssembly(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()) .ConfigureFor<IProcessingStep>(c => c .Unless(Component.ServiceAlreadyRegistered) .LifeStyle.PerThread .Interceptors(InterceptorReference.ForType<StepLoggingInterceptor>()).First ), Component.For<StepMonitorInterceptor>(), Component.For<StepLoggingInterceptor>(), Component.For<StoreInThreadInterceptor>() public abstract class BaseStepInterceptor : IInterceptor { public void Intercept(IInvocation invocation) { IProcessingStep processingStep = (IProcessingStep)invocation.InvocationTarget; Command cmd = (Command)invocation.Arguments[0]; OnIntercept(invocation, processingStep, cmd); } protected abstract void OnIntercept(IInvocation invocation, IProcessingStep processingStep, Command cmd); } public class StepLoggingInterceptor : BaseStepInterceptor { private readonly ILogger _logger; public StepLoggingInterceptor(ILogger logger) { _logger = logger; } protected override void OnIntercept(IInvocation invocation, IProcessingStep processingStep, Command cmd) { _logger.TraceFormat("<{0}> for cmd:<{1}> - begin", processingStep.StepType, cmd.Id); bool exceptionThrown = false; try { invocation.Proceed(); } catch { exceptionThrown = true; throw; } finally { _logger.TraceFormat("<{0}> for cmd:<{1}> - end <{2}> times:<{3}>", processingStep.StepType, cmd.Id, !exceptionThrown && processingStep.CompletedSuccessfully ? "succeeded" : "failed", cmd.CurrentMetric==null ? "{null}" : cmd.CurrentMetric.ToString()); } } }

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• iPhone: Set the title of a UIButton with a single method invocation?

  - by Greg Maletic

  I'd like to set the title of a UIButton via code. I find myself having to call -[UIButton setTitle:forState:] for UIControlStateNormal, UIControlStateHighlighted, UIControlStateDisabled, UIControlStateSelected. And that doesn't even take into account all of the combinations of these states together. Needless to say, this is tiresome. Is there a single call I can make that will set one string as the title for all of the states? (Since, I assume that in 95% of the cases, that's the desired behavior?)

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• Moq a function with 5+ parameters and access invocation arguments.

  - by beerncircus

  I have a function I want to Moq. The problem is that it takes 5 parameters. The framework only contains Action<T1,T2,T3,T4> and Moq's generic CallBack() only overloads Action and the four generic versions. Is there an elegant workaround for this? This is what I want to do: public class Filter : IFilter { public int Filter(int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5){return 0;} } //Moq code: var mocker = new Mock<IFilter>(); mocker.Setup(x => x.Filter( It.IsAny<int>(), It.IsAny<int>(), It.IsAny<int>(), It.IsAny<int>(), It.IsAny<int>(), It.IsAny<int>()) .Callback ( (int i1, int i2, int i3, int i4, int i5) => i1 * 2 ); Moq doesn't allow this because there is no generic Action that takes 5+ parameters. I've resorted to making my own stub. Obviously, it would be better to use Moq with all of its verifications, etc.

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• A simple question about Javascript functions, differences in invocation/definition.

  - by Matthew Willhite

  Can someone please explain the difference between the following function definitions? var alertMessage = function alertMessage(message) { alert(message); } var alertMessage = function(message) { alert(message); } What are the implications of each? Thanks!

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• Set the title of a UIButton with a single method invocation?

  - by Greg Maletic

  I'd like to set the title of a UIButton via code. I find myself having to call -[UIButton setTitle:forState:] for UIControlStateNormal, UIControlStateHighlighted, UIControlStateDisabled, UIControlStateSelected. And that doesn't even take into account all of the combinations of these states together. Needless to say, this is tiresome. Is there a single call I can make that will set one string as the title for all of the states? (Since, I assume that in 95% of the cases, that's the desired behavior?)

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• How to let the matcher to match the second invocation on mock?

  - by Alex Luya

  I have an interface like this public interface EventBus{ public void fireEvent(GwtEvent<?> event); } and test code(testng method) looks like this: @Test public void testFireEvent(){ EventBus mock=mock(EventBus.class); //when both Event1 and Event2 are subclasses of GwtEvent<?> mock.fireEvent(new Event1()); mock.fireEvent(new Event2()); //then verify(mock).fireEvent(argThat(new Event2Matcher())); } Event2Matcher looks like this: private class Event2Matcher extends ArgumentMatcher<Event2> { @Override public boolean matches(Object arg) { return ((Event2) arg).getSth==sth; } } But get an error indicating that: Event1 can't be cast to Event2 And obviously,the matcher matched the first invoking mock.fireEvent(new Event1()); So,the statement within matcher return ((Event2) arg).getSth==sth; Will throw out this exception.So the question is how to let verify(mock).fireEvent(argThat(new Event2Matcher())); to match the second invoking?

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• What is the benefit to wrapping every sql/stored proc invocation in a transaction?

  - by MatthewMartin

  The following code executes one stored procedure. The stored procedure has only one command in it. Is there any benefit to wrapping everything in a transaction, even it only has one SQL statement in it (or one stored proc that has only one sql statement)? In the sample code below, if the delete fails, it fails. There is nothing else to be rolled back (it seems). So why is everything wrapped in a transaction anyhow? using (ITransactionManager transMan = repository.TransactionManager()) using (IController controller = repository.Controller()) { transMan.BeginTransaction(); try { //DELETE FROM myTable where Id=@id controller.Delete(id); transMan.CommitTransaction(); } catch { transMan.RollbackTransaction(); throw; } }

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• How can I get the invocation handler for a Java proxy?

  - by ripper234

  Given: Object innerProxy = ... Object proxy = java.lang.reflect.Proxy. newProxyInstance(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader(), new Class[]{type}, innerProxy); How can I extract the innerProxy object from proxy?

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