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• c++ thread running time

  - by chnet

  I want to know whether I can calculate the running time for each thread. I implement a multithread program in C++ using pthread. As we know, each thread will compete the CPU. Can I use clock() function to calculate the actual number of CPU clocks each thread consumes? my program looks like: Class Thread () { Start(); Run(); Computing(); }; Start() is to start multiple threads. Then each thread will run Computing function to do something. My question is how I can calculate the running time of each thread for Computing function

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• Thread processing in EMS connection

  - by aladine

  I am setting up a client and exchange project and both are connecting to a remote server. Exchange will connect to the server by EMS connection. While client will connect by FIX. For the aim of building of black box testing, both client and exchange engine will be given some predefined testcases to send and receive to the server. I design the client engine with multithread processing to manipulate many testcases. Actually it is able to run succesfully. For exchange engine, I wonder that multi thread is applicable in the context that the exchange engine just need to publish a message when it received msg from subscribed topic on server. Flow of messages transmission: Client--SERVER--Exchange FIX EMS Exchange--SERVER--Client EMS FIX Thanks if you can help me on this issue.

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• Is Microsoft CCR gaining any traction?

  - by spender

  Microsoft's Concurrency and Coordination Runtime quite literally saved a project that was running into major issues with deadlocking. Since then I find that I use it more and more frequently for almost anything that requires asynchronous coding producing results that run lighter and faster than before. I can honestly state that it has transformed the way I think about multithread/multicore dev. Despite my personal love for CCR, there appears to be very little buzz surrounding it on the web and was wondering if anyone can offer any reason for this. Are there better alternatives, or is it a lack of promotion from MS, or are people simply happy with the existing tools?

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• Access static constant variable from multiple threads in C

  - by user325519

  I have some experience with multithread programming under Linux (C/C++ & POSIX threads), however most obvious cases are sometimes very complicated. I have several static constant variables (global and function local) in my code, can I access them simultaneously from multiple threads without using mutexes? Because I don't modify them it should be ok, but it's always better to ask. I have to do heavy speed optimization, so even as fast operations as mutex lock/unlock are quite expensive for me, especially because my application is going to access these variables form long loops.

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• NPTL Default Stack Size Problem

  - by eyazici

  Hello, I am developing a multithread modular application using C programming language and NPTL 2.6. For each plugin, a POSIX thread is created. The problem is each thread has its own stack area, since default stack size depends on user's choice, this may results in huge memory consumption in some cases. To prevent unnecessary memory usage I used something similar to this to change stack size before creating each thread: pthread_attr_t attr; pthread_attr_init (&attr); pthread_attr_getstacksize(&attr, &st1); if(pthread_attr_setstacksize (&attr, MODULE_THREAD_SIZE) != 0) perror("Stack ERR"); pthread_attr_getstacksize(&attr, &st2); printf("OLD:%d, NEW:%d - MIN: %d\n", st1, st2, PTHREAD_STACK_MIN); pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED); /* "this" is static data structure that stores plugin related data */ pthread_create(&this->runner, &attr, (void *)(void *)this->run, NULL); EDIT I: pthread_create() section added. This did not work work as I expected, the stack size reported by pthread_attr_getstacksize() is changed but total memory usage of the application (from ps/top/pmap output) did not changed: OLD:10485760, NEW:65536 - MIN: 16384 When I use ulimit -s MY_STACK_SIZE_LIMIT before starting application I achieve the expected result. My questions are: 1-) Is there any portable(between UNIX variants) way to change (default)thread stack size after starting application(before creating thread of course)? 2-) Is it possible to use same stack area for every thread? 3-) Is it possible completely disable stack for threads without much pain?

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• JConsole does not connect when a program (running in eclipse) is waiting for a console input

  - by Calm Storm

  Hi, I have a problem similar to the one mentioned here. I have a program which launches a selenium browser and refreshes it every 2 seconds. My idea here was to monitor the memory usage of my application as the page is being hit. This console program does a "System.in.read" and when a user presses enter key, this stops the browser refresh thread. I run the program and it runs as I would expect it to. But when I fire jconsole and attach it to the process, it looks like jconsole waits forever to attach. This is because of the "System.in.read", apparently as shown in the JConsole source. In my code it makes perfect sense for me to terminte the browser when user presses something so is there any alternative available at all ? (Posted code sample below) package com.ekanathk; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.junit.Test; public class MultiThread { @Test public void testSimple() throws Exception { List<Integer> x = new ArrayList<Integer>(); for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { x.add(i); } System.out.print("Press Enter to stop (try attach a jconsole now...."); System.in.read(); } } The problem here seems to be that any System.in.read (either in Main thread or any threads) seems to completely block jconsole. I guess the problem essentially boils down to multiple threads requesting system inputs at the same time? Is there a solution ? UPDATE 1: It seems this works fine when launching the class from a command line, however when I run from eclipse, jconsole cant connect. Any reasons ?

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• JConsole does not connect when a program is waiting for a console input

  - by Calm Storm

  Hi, I have a problem similar to the one mentioned here. I have a program which launches a selenium browser and refreshes it every 2 seconds. My idea here was to monitor the memory usage of my application as the page is being hit. This console program does a "System.in.read" and when a user presses enter key, this stops the browser refresh thread. I run the program and it runs as I would expect it to. But when I fire jconsole and attach it to the process, it looks like jconsole waits forever to attach. This is because of the "System.in.read", apparently as shown in the JConsole source. In my code it makes perfect sense for me to terminte the browser when user presses something so is there any alternative available at all ? (Posted code sample below) package com.ekanathk; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.junit.Test; public class MultiThread { @Test public void testSimple() throws Exception { List<Integer> x = new ArrayList<Integer>(); for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) { x.add(i); } System.out.print("Press Enter to stop (try attach a jconsole now...."); System.in.read(); } } The problem here seems to be that any System.in.read (either in Main thread or any threads) seems to completely block jconsole. I guess the problem essentially boils down to multiple threads requesting system inputs at the same time? Is there a solution ?

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• Threads, Sockets, and Designing Low-Latency, High Concurrency Servers

  - by lazyconfabulator

  I've been thinking a lot lately about low-latency, high concurrency servers. Specifically, http servers. http servers (fast ones, anyway) can serve thousands of users simultaneously, with very little latency. So how do they do it? As near as I can tell, they all use events. Cherokee and Lighttpd use libevent. Nginx uses it's own event library performing much the same function of libevent, that is, picking a platform optimal strategy for polling events (like kqueue on *bsd, epoll on linux, /dev/poll on Solaris, etc). They all also seem to employ a strategy of multiprocess or multithread once the connection is made - using worker threads to handle the more cpu intensive tasks while another thread continues to listen and handle connections (via events). This is the extent of my understanding and ability to grok the thousand line sources of these applications. What I really want are finer details about how this all works. In examples of using events I've seen (and written) the events are handling both input and output. To this end, do the workers employ some sort of input/output queue to the event handling thread? Or are these worker threads handling their own input and output? I imagine a fixed amount of worker threads are spawned, and connections are lined up and served on demand, but how does the event thread feed these connections to the workers? I've read about FIFO queues and circular buffers, but I've yet to see any implementations to work from. Are there any? Do any use compare-and-swap instructions to avoid locking or is locking less detrimental to event polling than I think? Or have I misread the design entirely? Ultimately, I'd like to take enough away to improve some of my own event-driven network services. Bonus points to anyone providing solid implementation details (especially for stuff like low-latency queues) in C, as that's the language my network services are written in.

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• Boost::thread mutex issue: Try to lock, access violation

  - by user1419305

  I am currently learning how to multithread with c++, and for that im using boost::thread. I'm using it for a simple gameengine, running three threads. Two of the threads are reading and writing to the same variables, which are stored inside something i call PrimitiveObjects, basicly balls, plates, boxes etc. But i cant really get it to work, i think the problem is that the two threads are trying to access the same memorylocation at the same time, i have tried to avoid this using mutex locks, but for now im having no luck, this works some times, but if i spam it, i end up with this exception: First-chance exception at 0x00cbfef9 in TTTTT.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xdddddded. Unhandled exception at 0x77d315de in TTTTT.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xdddddded. These are the functions inside the object that im using for this, and the debugger is also blaming them for the exception. void PrimitiveObj::setPos(glm::vec3 in){ boost::mutex mDisposingMutex; boost::try_mutex::scoped_try_lock lock(mDisposingMutex); if ( lock) { position = in; boost::try_mutex::scoped_try_lock unlock(mDisposingMutex); } } glm::vec3 PrimitiveObj::getPos(){ boost::mutex myMutex; boost::try_mutex::scoped_try_lock lock(myMutex); if ( lock) { glm::vec3 curPos = position; boost::try_mutex::scoped_try_lock unlock(myMutex); return curPos; } return glm::vec3(0,0,0); } Any ideas?

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• Django Testing: Faking User Creation

  - by Ygam

  I want to better write this test: def test_profile_created(self): self.client.post(reverse('registration_register'), data={ 'username':'ygam', 'email':'[email protected]', 'password1':'ygam', 'password2':'ygam' }) """ Test if a profile is created on save """ user = User.objects.get(username='ygam') self.assertTrue(UserProfile.objects.filter(user=user).exists()) and I just came upon this code on django-registration tests that does not actually "create" the user: def test_registration_signal(self): def receiver(sender, **kwargs): self.failUnless('user' in kwargs) self.assertEqual(kwargs['user'].username, 'bob') self.failUnless('request' in kwargs) self.failUnless(isinstance(kwargs['request'], WSGIRequest)) received_signals.append(kwargs.get('signal')) received_signals = [] signals.user_registered.connect(receiver, sender=self.backend.__class__) self.backend.register(_mock_request(), username='bob', email='[email protected]', password1='secret') self.assertEqual(len(received_signals), 1) self.assertEqual(received_signals, [signals.user_registered]) However he used a custom function for this "_mock_request": class _MockRequestClient(Client): def request(self, **request): environ = { 'HTTP_COOKIE': self.cookies, 'PATH_INFO': '/', 'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REMOTE_ADDR': '127.0.0.1', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET', 'SCRIPT_NAME': '', 'SERVER_NAME': 'testserver', 'SERVER_PORT': '80', 'SERVER_PROTOCOL': 'HTTP/1.1', 'wsgi.version': (1,0), 'wsgi.url_scheme': 'http', 'wsgi.errors': self.errors, 'wsgi.multiprocess':True, 'wsgi.multithread': False, 'wsgi.run_once': False, 'wsgi.input': None, } environ.update(self.defaults) environ.update(request) request = WSGIRequest(environ) # We have to manually add a session since we'll be bypassing # the middleware chain. session_middleware = SessionMiddleware() session_middleware.process_request(request) return request def _mock_request(): return _MockRequestClient().request() However, it may be too long of a function for my needs. I want to be able to somehow "fake" the account creation. I have not much experience on mocks and stubs so any help would do. Thanks!

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• question about MySQL database migration

  - by WilliamLou

  Hi there: If I have a MySQL database with several tables on a live server, now I would like to migrate this database to another server. Of course, the migration I mean here involves some database tables, for example: add some new columns to several tables, add some new tables etc.. Now, the only method I can think of is to use some php/python(two scripts I know) script, connect two databases, dump the data from the old database, and then write into the new database. However, this method is not efficient at all. For example: in old database, table A has 28 columns; in new database, table A has 29 columns, but the extra column will have default value 0 for all the old rows. My script still needs to dump the data row by row and insert each row into the new database. Is there any tools or a better method than writing a script yourself? Here, I dont need to worry about multithread writing problems etc.., I mean the old database will be down (not open to public usage etc.., only for upgrade ) for a while. Thanks!!

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• Django install on a shared host, .htaccess help

  - by redconservatory

  I am trying to install Django on a shared host using the following instructions: docs.google.com/View?docid=dhhpr5xs_463522g My problem is with the following line on my root .htaccess: RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /cgi-bin/wcgi.py/$1 [QSA,L] When I include this line I get a 500 error with almost all of my domains on this account. My cgi-bin directory is home/my-username/public_html/cgi-bin/ The wcgi.py file contains: #!/usr/local/bin/python import os, sys sys.path.insert(0, "/home/username/django/") sys.path.insert(0, "/home/username/django/projects") sys.path.insert(0, "/home/username/django/projects/newprojects") import django.core.handlers.wsgi os.chdir("/home/username/django/projects/newproject") # optional os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = "newproject.settings" def runcgi(): environ = dict(os.environ.items()) environ['wsgi.input'] = sys.stdin environ['wsgi.errors'] = sys.stderr environ['wsgi.version'] = (1,0) environ['wsgi.multithread'] = False environ['wsgi.multiprocess'] = True environ['wsgi.run_once'] = True application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler() if environ.get('HTTPS','off') in ('on','1'): environ['wsgi.url_scheme'] = 'https' else: environ['wsgi.url_scheme'] = 'http' headers_set = [] headers_sent = [] def write(data): if not headers_set: raise AssertionError("write() before start_response()") elif not headers_sent: # Before the first output, send the stored headers status, response_headers = headers_sent[:] = headers_set sys.stdout.write('Status: %s\r\n' % status) for header in response_headers: sys.stdout.write('%s: %s\r\n' % header) sys.stdout.write('\r\n') sys.stdout.write(data) sys.stdout.flush() def start_response(status,response_headers,exc_info=None): if exc_info: try: if headers_sent: # Re-raise original exception if headers sent raise exc_info[0], exc_info[1], exc_info[2] finally: exc_info = None # avoid dangling circular ref elif headers_set: raise AssertionError("Headers already set!") headers_set[:] = [status,response_headers] return write result = application(environ, start_response) try: for data in result: if data: # don't send headers until body appears write(data) if not headers_sent: write('') # send headers now if body was empty finally: if hasattr(result,'close'): result.close() runcgi() Only I changed the "username" to my username...

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• Multithreaded linked list traversal

  - by Rob Bryce

  Given a (doubly) linked list of objects (C++), I have an operation that I would like multithread, to perform on each object. The cost of the operation is not uniform for each object. The linked list is the preferred storage for this set of objects for a variety of reasons. The 1st element in each object is the pointer to the next object; the 2nd element is the previous object in the list. I have solved the problem by building an array of nodes, and applying OpenMP. This gave decent performance. I then switched to my own threading routines (based off Windows primitives) and by using InterlockedIncrement() (acting on the index into the array), I can achieve higher overall CPU utilization and faster through-put. Essentially, the threads work by "leap-frog'ing" along the elements. My next approach to optimization is to try to eliminate creating/reusing the array of elements in my linked list. However, I'd like to continue with this "leap-frog" approach and somehow use some nonexistent routine that could be called "InterlockedCompareDereference" - to atomically compare against NULL (end of list) and conditionally dereference & store, returning the dereferenced value. I don't think InterlockedCompareExchangePointer() will work since I cannot atomically dereference the pointer and call this Interlocked() method. I've done some reading and others are suggesting critical sections or spin-locks. Critical sections seem heavy-weight here. I'm tempted to try spin-locks but I thought I'd first pose the question here and ask what other people are doing. I'm not convinced that the InterlockedCompareExchangePointer() method itself could be used like a spin-lock. Then one also has to consider acquire/release/fence semantics... Ideas? Thanks!

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• Is there a Form.Invoke() method?

  - by rubicon

  Hi, I am new to multithreading (and also to C#) so I hope this is not obvious: In my Form (WinForms application, .NET 2.0) I subscribed to an event that is raised by another object, and on handling this event I wish to change several Controls on my Form. As this event is raised in another thread than the main (UI) thread I want to marshal the call to the Form's thread. I understand I could use the Control.Invoke() method on any Control that I want to change, but as there are several of them I do not wish to do that. When searching the internet I found hints that the Form class itself provides an Invoke() method. See for example: http://marioschneider.blogspot.com/2008/04/invoke-methode-fr-multithread.html (Sorry, as I am I new user I can't seem to post more than one link. I will add more links as comments if possible.) With that, I could just wrap my event handler and then use it as if it was called on the UI thread. However, this doesn't seem to be defined in my environment, and in MSDN's System.Windows.Forms.Form documentation there's also no sign of it. Does this method exist in the .NET-Framework? I find it hard to believe that Form would not supply such a method, as it uses the same message queue the Controls on it do. (Or am I missing something here?)

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• Passenger 2.2.4, nginx 0.7.61 and SSL

  - by boompa

  Has anyone had any luck configuring Passenger and nginx with SSL? I've spent hours trying to get this configuration working as I'd like, using what few resources there are out there on the net, and I can't get any of the supposedly forwarded headers to show up in the Rails controller. For example, with a conf file of the following (and multiple variations thereof): server { listen 3000; server_name .example.com; root /Users/website/public; passenger_enabled on; rails_env development; } server { listen 3443; root /Users/website/public; rails_env development; passenger_enabled on; ssl on; #ssl_verify_client on; ssl_certificate /Users/website/ssl/server.crt; ssl_certificate_key /Users/website/ssl/server.key; #ssl_client_certificate /Users/website/ssl/CA.crt; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1; ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:-LOW:-SSLv2:-EXP; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X_FORWARDED_PROTO https; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; #proxy_set_header X-SSL-Subject $ssl_client_s_dn; #proxy_set_header X-SSL-Issuer $ssl_client_i_dn; proxy_redirect off; proxy_max_temp_file_size 0; } and Rails code in the controller like this: request.headers.each { |k, v| RAILS_DEFAULT_LOGGER.error "Header #{k} Val #{v}" } other headers appear, but not those set in nginx, e.g.: Header rack.multithread Val false Header REQUEST_URI Val /login/new Header REMOTE_PORT Val 64021 Header rack.multiprocess Val true Header PASSENGER_USE_GLOBAL_QUEUE Val false Header PASSENGER_APP_TYPE Val rails Header SCGI Val 1 Header SERVER_PORT Val 3443 Header HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET Val ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Header rack.request.query_hash Val Header DOCUMENT_ROOT Val /Users/website/public I've even gone so far as to modify Passenger's abstract_request_handler's main_loop method, i.e., headers, input = parse_request(client) if headers if headers[REQUEST_METHOD] == PING process_ping(headers, input, client) else headers.each { |h,v| log.unknown "abstract_request_handler: #{h} = #{v}" } process_request(headers, input, client) end end only to find that the supposedly added headers do not exist there either: abstract_request_handler: HTTP_KEEP_ALIVE = 300 abstract_request_handler: HTTP_USER_AGENT = Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.5; en-US; rv:1.9.1) Gecko/20090624 Firefox/3.5 abstract_request_handler: PASSENGER_SPAWN_METHOD = smart-lv2 abstract_request_handler: CONTENT_LENGTH = 0 abstract_request_handler: HTTP_IF_NONE_MATCH = "b6e8b9afbc1110ee3bf0c87e119252ad" abstract_request_handler: HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE = en-us,en;q=0.5 abstract_request_handler: SERVER_PROTOCOL = HTTP/1.1 abstract_request_handler: HTTPS = on abstract_request_handler: REMOTE_ADDR = 127.0.0.1 abstract_request_handler: SERVER_SOFTWARE = nginx/0.7.61 abstract_request_handler: SERVER_ADDR = 127.0.0.1 abstract_request_handler: SCRIPT_NAME = abstract_request_handler: PASSENGER_ENVIRONMENT = development abstract_request_handler: REMOTE_PORT = 64021 abstract_request_handler: REQUEST_URI = /login/new abstract_request_handler: HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET = ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 abstract_request_handler: SERVER_PORT = 3443 abstract_request_handler: SCGI = 1 abstract_request_handler: PASSENGER_APP_TYPE = rails abstract_request_handler: PASSENGER_USE_GLOBAL_QUEUE = false I'm tired of banging my head against the wall, so I'd truly appreciate any help I can get!

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• Did you miss the OFM Summer Camps III? Get access to the b2b & adapters and SOA Governance training material

  - by JuergenKress

  We posted the SOA Governance and b2b & adapters training material at our SOA Community Workspace (SOA Community membership required). We have no plans to post the ACM and Advanced SOA training material. Special thanks to all the trainers who delivered superb workshops. Thanks to all the partners who invested time and utilization plus travel expenses to attend the camp. Special thanks to all the international partners who traveled a long way to sunny Lisbon – including our Mexican friends! The Summer Camp feedback was excellent, everybody answered the question if he would attend a future OFM Summer Camp with YES and the overall feedback is 4,79 out of 5 (best)! For most of the trainings we had a waiting list with additional partners who want to attend. Make sure you use your middleware skills to deliver successful projects. It would be great if you can support your colegues and the community by sharing the lessons learned and best practice. Thanks for great feedback at twitter please continue to send your pictures to our twitter feed @soacommunity #OFMsummercamps or post them at our Facebook page. Here is a selection of some tweets: Walter Montantes ?México presence en #OFMSummerCamp Lisboa 2013 cc @soacommunity @AdquemTI pic.twitter.com/9NEFwsWCAq SOA Community ?thanks for attending the #OFMSummercamp - save trip home ;-) Want to attend a future training register http://www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa #soacommunity C2B2 Consulting ?Last day at the #OFMSummercamp Oracle SOA Suite Training in Portugal @soacommunity pic.twitter.com/6LZavVlvHc Patrick Sinke ?a FollowFriday for @Oracle_B2B because 19 followers is not enough #FF #OFMSummercamp Patrick Sinke ?Yogesh Sontakke is talking about #SOA #Governance. #OFMSummercamp Nuno Cancelo ?Oracle SOA Governance - Quick Overview #OFMSummerCamp Nuno Cancelo ?Last coffee break. #OFMSummercamp pic.twitter.com/xZi9M5vAWz Scott Haaland Last day of #OFMSummercamp. It's been a great productive week..great students eager to learn. @Oracle_B2B @soacommunity . Patrick Sinke ?singletons are used to retain specific fetching order of files and records in multithread/multi-instance environment. #OFMSummercamp #SOA Patrick Sinke ?SOA's File Adapter is extremely versatile: It writes, reads and converts almost any type of file. #OFMSummercamp pic.twitter.com/XjtJF9Y5SH Patrick Sinke ?Now deep-diving into Java EE Connector Architecture (JCA). Got to do some catching up at home on this subject. #OFMSummercamp #SOA Patrick Sinke ?Today we start with security and OPSS at #OFMSummercamp Advanced #SOA training. Then some #OSB. #OFM #Oracle #whitehorses Remco Cats ?Starting the last day on #OFMSummercamp building ADF Mobile applications with BPM Nuno Cancelo ?While attending #OFMSummerCamp i notice even more the importance of designing software. Any tips in how to become an software architect? Patrick Sinke ?Extensive information on Faullt handling and policies now in Advanced #SOA track. #OFMSummercamp #oraclesoa #middleware #whitehorses C2B2 Consulting ?Geoffroy de Lamalle speaking at the #OFMSummercamp @soacommunity pic.twitter.com/m4oOyzYB2q Patrick Sinke ?Oracle Document editor is a huge tool (6GB), but contains every version and subset of EDI, HL7, etc definitions. Impressive. #OFMSummercamp Patrick Sinke ?Oracle #B2B 11g presentation on #OFMSummercamp by Scott. Unfortunately only 2 hours in SOA advanced class. Very interesting. SOA Community Bon dia #OFMSummercamp - if you are here in sunny Lisbon ;-) you can checkin at http://foursquare.com/ #soacommunity pic.twitter.com/PnmudJgJTZ Nuno Cancelo ?Beautiful day! #OFMSummercamp pic.twitter.com/nwByRM5YE1 Nuno Cancelo ?Relaxing after lunch :-) #OFMSummercamp pic.twitter.com/hOJzebCM5p SOA Community Posted pictures from OFM Summer Camp III at our facebook page - share yours! https://www.facebook.com/soacommunity #OFMSummerCamp #soacommunity Nuno Cancelo ?Coffee break: day3 #OFMSummercamp pic.twitter.com/97n1sAGhx4 Patrick Sinke #OFMSummercamp day 3; SOA Infrastructure. pic.twitter.com/ziivyw3L6q SOA Community ?@soacommunity 28 Aug Bon dia day 3 at #OFMSummercamp in Lisboa. Nial presenting ACM roadmap pic.twitter.com/iN3gTCHSbA SOA Community ?Hands-on time at the b2b & adapters training part of the #OFMSummercamp #soacommunity pic.twitter.com/9BzI7igrX8 SOA Community ?Laptop replacement at #OFMSummercamp - big thanks to Oracle Portugal for the fast help! 10 seconds to cut the cable pic.twitter.com/nwd2Px73pa SOA Community ?Hard work long training until 18.00 now enjoy the beach #ofmsummercamp #soacommunity pic.twitter.com/StogfxJNFH Walter Montantes? Primer día #OFMSummercamp pic.twitter.com/cTNDpzg5pL Miguel Delgadillo ?@walex86 Advanced SOA training by Geoffroy at #OFMSummercamp - full room hard working class pic.twitter.com/2SDz9FVhkh” si le sabes? SOA Community ?Welcome to the #OFMSummercamp in sunny Lisbon ;-) Send us your pictures of the training and city @soacommunity pic.twitter.com/i2ErZaaFbb SOA Community ?Advanced SOA training by Geoffroy at #OFMSummercamp - full room hard working class pic.twitter.com/uKjv0tV2bO Nuno Cancelo #OFMSummercamp afternoon break:) pic.twitter.com/pUaBvt2NIj Impressions of the event are posted at our facebook page. If you missed Lisbon, make sure you attend one of our Additional Middleware Trainings in Europe: We currently run 3 different training roadshows for Business Process Management & ADF & WebLogic across Europe make sure you sing-up for them: ADF & ADF Mobile or Business Process Management Suite or WebLogic Suite. SOA & BPM Partner Community For regular information on Oracle SOA Suite become a member in the SOA & BPM Partner Community for registration please visit www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa (OPN account required) If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Facebook Wiki Mix Forum Technorati Tags: b2b,training,education,SOA Community,Oracle SOA,Oracle BPM,Community,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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• Infiniband: a highperformance network fabric - Part I

  - by Karoly Vegh

  Introduction:At the OpenWorld this year I managed to chat with interesting people again - one of them answering Infiniband deepdive questions with ease by coffee turned out to be one of Oracle's IB engineers, Ted Kim, who actually actively participates in the Infiniband Trade Association and integrates Oracle solutions with this highspeed network. This is why I love attending OOW. He granted me an hour of his time to talk about IB. This post is mostly based on that tech interview.Start of the actual post: Traditionally datatransfer between servers and storage elements happens in networks with up to 10 gigabit/seconds or in SANs with up to 8 gbps fiberchannel connections. Happens. Well, data rather trickles through.But nowadays data amounts grow well over the TeraByte order of magnitude, and multisocket/multicore/multithread Servers hunger data that these transfer technologies just can't deliver fast enough, causing all CPUs of this world do one thing at the same speed - waiting for data. And once again, I/O is the bottleneck in computing. FC and Ethernet can't keep up. We have half-TB SSDs, dozens of TB RAM to store data to be modified in, but can't transfer it. Can't backup fast enough, can't replicate fast enough, can't synchronize fast enough, can't load fast enough. The bad news is, everyone is used to this, like back in the '80s everyone was used to start compile jobs and go for a coffee. Or on vacation. The good news is, there's an alternative. Not so-called "bleeding-edge" 8gbps, but (as of now) 56. Not layers of overhead, but low latency. And it is available now. It has been for a while, actually. Welcome to the world of Infiniband. Short history:Infiniband was born as a result of joint efforts of HPAQ, IBM, Intel, Sun and Microsoft. They planned to implement a next-generation I/O fabric, in the 90s. In the 2000s Infiniband (from now on: IB) was quite popular in the high-performance computing field, powering most of the top500 supercomputers. Then in the middle of the decade, Oracle realized its potential and used it as an interconnect backbone for the first Database Machine, the first Exadata. Since then, IB has been booming, Oracle utilizes and supports it in a large set of its HW products, it is the backbone of the famous Engineered Systems: Exadata, SPARC SuperCluster, Exalogic, OVCA and even the new DB backup/recovery box. You can also use it to make servers talk highspeed IP to eachother, or to a ZFS Storage Appliance. Following Oracle's lead, even IBM has jumped the wagon, and leverages IB in its PureFlex systems, their first InfiniBand Machines.IB Structural Overview: If you want to use IB in your servers, the first thing you will need is PCI cards, in IB terms Host Channel Adapters, or HCAs. Just like NICs for Ethernet, or HBAs for FC. In these you plug an IB cable, going to an IB switch providing connection to other IB HCAs. Of course you're going to need drivers for those in your OS. Yes, these are long-available for Solaris and Linux. Now, what protocols can you talk over IB? There's a range of choices. See, IB isn't accepting package loss like Ethernet does, and hence doesn't need to rely on TCP/IP as a workaround for resends. That is, you still can run IP over IB (IPoIB), and that is used in various cases for control functionality, but the datatransfer can run over more efficient protocols - like native IB. About PCI connectivity: IB cards, as you see are fast. They bring low latency, which is just as important as their bandwidth. Current IB cards run at 56 gbit/s. That is slightly more than double of the capacity of a PCI Gen2 slot (of ~25 gbit/s). And IB cards are equipped usually with two ports - that is, altogether you'd need 112 gbit/s PCI slots, to be able to utilize FDR IB cards in an active-active fashion. PCI Gen3 slots provide you with around ~50gbps. This is why the most IB cards are configured in an active-standby way if both ports are used. Once again the PCI slot is the bottleneck. Anyway, the new Oracle servers are equipped with Gen3 PCI slots, an the new IB HCAs support those too. Oracle utilizes the QDR HCAs, running at 40gbp/s brutto, which translates to a 32gbp/s net traffic due to the 10:8 signal-to-data information ratio. Consolidation techniques: Technology never stops to evolve. Mellanox is working on the 100 gbps (EDR) version already, which will be optical, since signal technology doesn't allow EDR to be copper. Also, I hear you say "100gbps? I will never use/need that much". Are you sure? Have you considered consolidation scenarios, where (for example with Oracle Virtual Network) you could consolidate your platform to a high densitiy virtualized solution providing many virtual 10gbps interfaces through that 100gbps? Technology never stops to evolve. I still remember when a 10mbps network was impressively fast. Back in those days, 16MB of RAM was a lot. Now we usually run servers with around 100.000 times more RAM. If network infrastrucure speends could grow as fast as main memory capacities, we'd have a different landscape now :) You can utilize SRIOV as well for consolidation. That is, if you run LDoms (aka Oracle VM Server for SPARC) you do not have to add physical IB cards to all your guest LDoms, and you do not need to run VIO devices through the hypervisor either (avoiding overhead). You can enable SRIOV on those IB cards, which practically virtualizes the PCI bus, and you can dedicate Physical- and Virtual Functions of the virtualized HCAs as native, physical HW devices to your guests. See Raghuram's excellent post explaining SRIOV. SRIOV for IB is supported since LDoms 3.1.  This post is getting lengthier, so I will rename it to Part I, and continue it in a second post. 

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• Multithreading in lwjgl getting rid of sleep.

  - by pangaea

  I'm trying to use multithreading in my game. However, I can't seem to get rid of the sleep. If I don't it's a blank screen, as there is no time for the computer to actually render the triangleMob as it can't access getArrayList(), in my main class I have a TriangleMob arraylist. If I delay it, then it can access the previousMob and it renders. If I don't, then it's blank screen. Can I get rid of the delay? Also, is this a bad way to multithread? Surely, this should be fast. I need multithreading so can you please not suggest not using it. public class TriangleMob extends Thread implements Runnable { private static int count=0; private int objectDisplayList; private static ArrayList<TriangleMob> previousMob = new ArrayList<TriangleMob>(); private static ArrayList<TriangleMob> currentMob = new ArrayList<TriangleMob>(); private static ArrayList<TriangleMob> laterMob = new ArrayList<TriangleMob>(); private Vector3f position = new Vector3f(0f,0f,0f); private Vector3f movement = new Vector3f(0f,0f,0f); public TriangleMob() { // Create the display list CreateDisplayList(); count++; } public TriangleMob(Vector3f position) { // Create the display list CreateDisplayList(); this.position = position; count++; } private void CreateDisplayList() { objectDisplayList = glGenLists(1); glNewList(objectDisplayList, GL_COMPILE); { double topPoint = 0.75; glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); glColor4f(1, 1, 0, 1f); glVertex3d(0, topPoint, -5); glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1f); glVertex3d(-1, -0.75, -4); glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1f); glVertex3d(1, -.75, -4); glColor4f(1, 1, 0, 1f); glVertex3d(0, topPoint, -5); glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1f); glVertex3d(1, -0.75, -4); glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1f); glVertex3d(1, -0.75, -6); glColor4f(1, 1, 0, 1f); glVertex3d(0, topPoint, -5); glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1f); glVertex3d(1, -0.75, -6); glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1f); glVertex3d(-1, -.75, -6); glColor4f(1, 1, 0, 1f); glVertex3d(0, topPoint, -5); glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1f); glVertex3d(-1, -0.75, -6); glColor4f(0, 0, 1, 1f); glVertex3d(-1, -.75, -4); glEnd(); glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 1); } glEndList(); } public static int getCount() { return count; } public Vector3f getMovement() { return movement; } public Vector3f getPosition() { return position; } public synchronized int getObjectList() { return objectDisplayList; } public synchronized static ArrayList<TriangleMob> getArrayList(){ if(previousMob != null) { return previousMob; } previousMob.add(new TriangleMob()); return previousMob; } public synchronized void move(Vector3f movement) { // If you want to move in all 3 axis position.x += movement.x; position.y += movement.y; position.z += movement.z; } public synchronized void render() { glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(-position.x, -position.y, -position.z); glCallList(objectDisplayList); glPopMatrix(); } public synchronized static void setTriangleMob(ArrayList<TriangleMob> triangleMobSet) { laterMob = triangleMobSet; } private synchronized void setPreTriangleMob(ArrayList<TriangleMob> currentMob2) { previousMob = currentMob2; } public void run(){ while(true) { if(laterMob == null) { currentMob = laterMob; System.out.println("Copying"); } for(int i=0; i<currentMob.size(); i++) { currentMob.get(i).move(new Vector3f(0.1f,0.01f,0.01f)); } setPreTriangleMob(currentMob); try { sleep(1L); } catch (InterruptedException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } } }

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• Freetype2 failing under WoW64

  - by Necrolis

  I built a tff to D3D texture function using freetype2(2.3.9) to generate grayscale maps from the fonts. it works great under native win32, however, on WoW64 it just explodes (well, FT_Done and FT_Load_Glyph do). from some debugging, it seems to be a problem with HeapFree as called by free from FT_Free. I know it should work, as games like WCIII, which to the best of my knowledge use freetype2, run fine, this is my code, stripped of the D3D code(which causes no problems on its own): FT_Face pFace = NULL; FT_Error nError = 0; FT_Byte* pFont = static_cast<FT_Byte*>(ARCHIVE_LoadFile(pBuffer,&nSize)); if((nError = FT_New_Memory_Face(pLibrary,pFont,nSize,0,&pFace)) == 0) { FT_Set_Char_Size(pFace,nSize << 6,nSize << 6,96,96); for(unsigned char c = 0; c < 95; c++) { if(!FT_Load_Glyph(pFace,FT_Get_Char_Index(pFace,c + 32),FT_LOAD_RENDER)) { FT_Glyph pGlyph; if(!FT_Get_Glyph(pFace->glyph,&pGlyph)) { LOG("GET: %c",c + 32); FT_Glyph_To_Bitmap(&pGlyph,FT_RENDER_MODE_NORMAL,0,1); FT_BitmapGlyph pGlyphMap = reinterpret_cast<FT_BitmapGlyph>(pGlyph); FT_Bitmap* pBitmap = &pGlyphMap->bitmap; const size_t nWidth = pBitmap->width; const size_t nHeight = pBitmap->rows; //add to texture atlas } } } } else { FT_Done_Face(pFace); delete pFont; return FALSE; } FT_Done_Face(pFace); delete pFont; return TRUE; } ARCHIVE_LoadFile returns blocks allocated with new. As a secondary question, I would like to render a font using pixel sizes, I came across FT_Set_Pixel_Sizes, but I'm unsure as to whether this stretches the font to fit the size, or bounds it to a size. what I would like to do is render all the glyphs at say 24px (MS Word size here), then turn it into a signed distance field in a 32px area. Update After much fiddling, I got a test app to work, which leads me to think the problems are arising from threading, as my code is running in a secondary thread. I have compiled freetype into a static lib using the multithread DLL, my app uses the multithreaded libs. gonna see if i can set up a multithreaded test. Also updated to 2.4.4, to see if the problem was a known but fixed bug, didn't help however. Update 2 After some more fiddling, it turns out I wasn't using the correct lib for 2.4.4 -.- after fixing that, the test app works 100%, but the main app still crashes when FT_Done_Face is called, still seems to be a crash in the memory heap management of windows. is it possible that there is a bug in freetype2 that makes it blow up under user threads?

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• High Load mysql on Debian server

  - by Oleg Abrazhaev

  I have Debian server with 32 gb memory. And there is apache2, memcached and nginx on this server. Memory load always on maximum. Only 500m free. Most memory leak do MySql. Apache only 70 clients configured, other services small memory usage. When mysql use all memory it stops. And nothing works, need mysql reboot. Mysql configured use maximum 24 gb memory. I have hight weight InnoDB bases. (400000 rows, 30 gb). And on server multithread daemon, that makes many inserts in this tables, thats why InnoDB. There is my mysql config. [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # default-time-zone = "+04:00" user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp language = /usr/share/mysql/english skip-external-locking default-time-zone='Europe/Moscow' # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. # # * Fine Tuning # #low_priority_updates = 1 concurrent_insert = ALWAYS wait_timeout = 600 interactive_timeout = 600 #normal key_buffer_size = 2024M #key_buffer_size = 1512M #70% hot cache key_cache_division_limit= 70 #16-32 max_allowed_packet = 32M #1-16M thread_stack = 8M #40-50 thread_cache_size = 50 #orderby groupby sort sort_buffer_size = 64M #same myisam_sort_buffer_size = 400M #temp table creates when group_by tmp_table_size = 3000M #tables in memory max_heap_table_size = 3000M #on disk open_files_limit = 10000 table_cache = 10000 join_buffer_size = 5M # This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed # the first time they are touched myisam-recover = BACKUP #myisam_use_mmap = 1 max_connections = 200 thread_concurrency = 8 # # * Query Cache Configuration # #more ignored query_cache_limit = 50M query_cache_size = 210M #on query cache query_cache_type = 1 # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. #log = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log # # Error logging goes to syslog. This is a Debian improvement :) # # Here you can see queries with especially long duration log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 1 log-queries-not-using-indexes # # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. # note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about # other settings you may need to change. #server-id = 1 #log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log server-id = 1 log-bin = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin #replicate-do-db = gate log-bin-index = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index log-error = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.err relay-log = /var/lib/mysql/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /var/lib/mysql/relay-bin.info relay-log-index = /var/lib/mysql/relay-bin.index binlog_do_db = 24avia expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M read_buffer_size = 4024288 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 5000M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 table_definition_cache = 2000 group_concat_max_len = 16M #binlog_do_db = gate #binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name # # * BerkeleyDB # # Using BerkeleyDB is now discouraged as its support will cease in 5.1.12. #skip-bdb # # * InnoDB # # InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/. # Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many! # You might want to disable InnoDB to shrink the mysqld process by circa 100MB. #skip-innodb # # * Security Features # # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot! # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/ # # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca". # # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 500M [mysql] #no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition [isamchk] key_buffer = 32M key_buffer_size = 512M # # * NDB Cluster # # See /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-*/README.Debian for more information. # # The following configuration is read by the NDB Data Nodes (ndbd processes) # not from the NDB Management Nodes (ndb_mgmd processes). # # [MYSQL_CLUSTER] # ndb-connectstring=127.0.0.1 # # * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file! # The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored. # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ Please, help me make it stable. Memory used /etc/mysql # free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 32930800 32766424 164376 0 139208 23829196 -/+ buffers/cache: 8798020 24132780 Swap: 33553328 44660 33508668 Maybe my problem not in memory, but MySQL stops every day. As you can see, cache memory free 24 gb. Thank to Michael Hampton? for correction. Load overage on server 3.5. Maybe hdd or another problem? Maybe my config not optimal for 30gb InnoDB ?

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• How does this decorator make a call to the 'register' method?

  - by BryanWheelock

  I'm trying to understand what is going on in the decorator @not_authenticated. The next step in the TraceRoute is to the method 'register' which is also located in django_authopenid/views.py which I just don't understand because I don't see anywhere that register is even mentioned in signin() How is the method 'register' called? def not_authenticated(func): """ decorator that redirect user to next page if he is already logged.""" def decorated(request, *args, **kwargs): if request.user.is_authenticated(): next = request.GET.get("next", "/") return HttpResponseRedirect(next) return func(request, *args, **kwargs) return decorated @not_authenticated def signin(request,newquestion=False,newanswer=False): """ signin page. It manage the legacy authentification (user/password) and authentification with openid. url: /signin/ template : authopenid/signin.htm """ request.encoding = 'UTF-8' on_failure = signin_failure next = clean_next(request.GET.get('next')) form_signin = OpenidSigninForm(initial={'next':next}) form_auth = OpenidAuthForm(initial={'next':next}) if request.POST: if 'bsignin' in request.POST.keys() or 'openid_username' in request.POST.keys(): form_signin = OpenidSigninForm(request.POST) if form_signin.is_valid(): next = clean_next(form_signin.cleaned_data.get('next')) sreg_req = sreg.SRegRequest(optional=['nickname', 'email']) redirect_to = "%s%s?%s" % ( get_url_host(request), reverse('user_complete_signin'), urllib.urlencode({'next':next}) ) return ask_openid(request, form_signin.cleaned_data['openid_url'], redirect_to, on_failure=signin_failure, sreg_request=sreg_req) elif 'blogin' in request.POST.keys(): # perform normal django authentification form_auth = OpenidAuthForm(request.POST) if form_auth.is_valid(): user_ = form_auth.get_user() login(request, user_) next = clean_next(form_auth.cleaned_data.get('next')) return HttpResponseRedirect(next) question = None if newquestion == True: from forum.models import AnonymousQuestion as AQ session_key = request.session.session_key qlist = AQ.objects.filter(session_key=session_key).order_by('-added_at') if len(qlist) > 0: question = qlist[0] answer = None if newanswer == True: from forum.models import AnonymousAnswer as AA session_key = request.session.session_key alist = AA.objects.filter(session_key=session_key).order_by('-added_at') if len(alist) > 0: answer = alist[0] return render('authopenid/signin.html', { 'question':question, 'answer':answer, 'form1': form_auth, 'form2': form_signin, 'msg': request.GET.get('msg',''), 'sendpw_url': reverse('user_sendpw'), }, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) Looking at the request, it seems that account/register/ does reference the register method with 'PATH_INFO': u'/account/register/' Here is the request: <WSGIRequest GET:<QueryDict: {}>, POST:<QueryDict: {u'username': [u'BryanWheelock'], u'email': [u'[email protected]'], u'bnewaccount': [u'Signup']}>, COOKIES:{'__utma': '127460431.1218630960.1266769637.1266769637.1266864494.2', '__utmb': '127460431.3.10.1266864494', '__utmc': '127460431', '__utmz': '127460431.1266769637.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none)', 'sessionid': 'fb15ee538320170a22d3a3a324aad968'}, META:{'CONTENT_LENGTH': '74', 'CONTENT_TYPE': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'DOCUMENT_ROOT': '/usr/local/apache2/htdocs', 'GATEWAY_INTERFACE': 'CGI/1.1', 'HTTP_ACCEPT': 'application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,text/plain;q=0.8,image/png,*/*;q=0.5', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET': 'ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip,deflate,sdch', 'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE': 'en-US,en;q=0.8', 'HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL': 'max-age=0', 'HTTP_CONNECTION': 'close', 'HTTP_COOKIE': '__utmz=127460431.1266769637.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none); __utma=127460431.1218630960.1266769637.1266769637.1266864494.2; __utmc=127460431; __utmb=127460431.3.10.1266864494; sessionid=fb15ee538320170a22d3a3a324aad968', 'HTTP_HOST': 'workproject.com', 'HTTP_ORIGIN': 'http://workproject.com', 'HTTP_REFERER': 'http://workproject.com/account/signin/complete/?next=%2F&janrain_nonce=2010-02-22T18%3A49%3A53ZG2KXci&openid.ns=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fauth%2F2.0&openid.mode=id_res&openid.op_endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2Fo8%2Fud&openid.response_nonce=2010-02-22T18%3A49%3A53Znxxxxxxxxxw&openid.return_to=http%3A%2F%2Fworkproject.com%2Faccount%2Fsignin%2Fcomplete%2F%3Fnext%3D%252F%26janrain_nonce%3D2010-02-22T18%253A49%253A53ZG2KXci&openid.assoc_handle=AOQobUepU4xs-kGg5LiyLzfN3RYv0I0Jocgjf_1odT4RR9zfMFpQVpMg&openid.signed=op_endpoint%2Cclaimed_id%2Cidentity%2Creturn_to%2Cresponse_nonce%2Cassoc_handle&openid.sig=Jf76i2RNhqpLTJMjeQ0nnQz6fgA%3D&openid.identity=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2Fo8%2Fid%3Fid%3DAItxxxxxxxxxs9CxHQ3PrHw_N5_3j1HM&openid.claimed_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Faccounts%2Fo8%2Fid%3Fid%3DAItOaxxxxxxxxxxx4s9CxHQ3PrHw_N5_3j1HM', 'HTTP_USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10_5_8; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.307.7 Safari/532.9', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR': '96.8.31.235', 'PATH': '/usr/bin:/bin', 'PATH_INFO': u'/account/register/', 'PATH_TRANSLATED': '/home/spirituality/webapps/work/spirit_app.wsgi/account/register/', 'QUERY_STRING': '', 'REMOTE_ADDR': '127.0.0.1', 'REMOTE_PORT': '59956', 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'POST', 'REQUEST_URI': '/account/register/', 'SCRIPT_FILENAME': '/home/spirituality/webapps/spirituality/spirit_app.wsgi', 'SCRIPT_NAME': u'', 'SERVER_ADDR': '127.0.0.1', 'SERVER_ADMIN': '[no address given]', 'SERVER_NAME': 'workproject.com', 'SERVER_PORT': '80', 'SERVER_PROTOCOL': 'HTTP/1.0', 'SERVER_SIGNATURE': '', 'SERVER_SOFTWARE': 'Apache/2.2.12 (Unix) mod_wsgi/2.5 Python/2.5.4', 'mod_wsgi.application_group': 'www.workProject.com|', 'mod_wsgi.callable_object': 'application', 'mod_wsgi.listener_host': '', 'mod_wsgi.listener_port': '25931', 'mod_wsgi.process_group': '', 'mod_wsgi.reload_mechanism': '0', 'mod_wsgi.script_reloading': '1', 'mod_wsgi.version': (2, 5), 'wsgi.errors': <mod_wsgi.Log object at 0xb7ce0038>, 'wsgi.file_wrapper': <built-in method file_wrapper of mod_wsgi.Adapter object at 0xb7e94b18>, 'wsgi.input': <mod_wsgi.Input object at 0x999cc78>, 'wsgi.multiprocess': True, 'wsgi.multithread': False, 'wsgi.run_once': False, 'wsgi.url_scheme': 'http', 'wsgi.version': (1, 0)}>

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• High Load mysql on Debian server stops every day. Why?

  - by Oleg Abrazhaev

  I have Debian server with 32 gb memory. And there is apache2, memcached and nginx on this server. Memory load always on maximum. Only 500m free. Most memory leak do MySql. Apache only 70 clients configured, other services small memory usage. When mysql use all memory it stops. And nothing works, need mysql reboot. Mysql configured use maximum 24 gb memory. I have hight weight InnoDB bases. (400000 rows, 30 gb). And on server multithread daemon, that makes many inserts in this tables, thats why InnoDB. There is my mysql config. [mysqld] # # * Basic Settings # default-time-zone = "+04:00" user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp language = /usr/share/mysql/english skip-external-locking default-time-zone='Europe/Moscow' # # Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on # localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure. # # * Fine Tuning # #low_priority_updates = 1 concurrent_insert = ALWAYS wait_timeout = 600 interactive_timeout = 600 #normal key_buffer_size = 2024M #key_buffer_size = 1512M #70% hot cache key_cache_division_limit= 70 #16-32 max_allowed_packet = 32M #1-16M thread_stack = 8M #40-50 thread_cache_size = 50 #orderby groupby sort sort_buffer_size = 64M #same myisam_sort_buffer_size = 400M #temp table creates when group_by tmp_table_size = 3000M #tables in memory max_heap_table_size = 3000M #on disk open_files_limit = 10000 table_cache = 10000 join_buffer_size = 5M # This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed # the first time they are touched myisam-recover = BACKUP #myisam_use_mmap = 1 max_connections = 200 thread_concurrency = 8 # # * Query Cache Configuration # #more ignored query_cache_limit = 50M query_cache_size = 210M #on query cache query_cache_type = 1 # # * Logging and Replication # # Both location gets rotated by the cronjob. # Be aware that this log type is a performance killer. #log = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log # # Error logging goes to syslog. This is a Debian improvement :) # # Here you can see queries with especially long duration log_slow_queries = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 1 log-queries-not-using-indexes # # The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication. # note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about # other settings you may need to change. #server-id = 1 #log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log server-id = 1 log-bin = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin #replicate-do-db = gate log-bin-index = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.index log-error = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.err relay-log = /var/lib/mysql/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /var/lib/mysql/relay-bin.info relay-log-index = /var/lib/mysql/relay-bin.index binlog_do_db = 24avia expire_logs_days = 10 max_binlog_size = 100M read_buffer_size = 4024288 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 5000M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 table_definition_cache = 2000 group_concat_max_len = 16M #binlog_do_db = gate #binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name # # * BerkeleyDB # # Using BerkeleyDB is now discouraged as its support will cease in 5.1.12. #skip-bdb # # * InnoDB # # InnoDB is enabled by default with a 10MB datafile in /var/lib/mysql/. # Read the manual for more InnoDB related options. There are many! # You might want to disable InnoDB to shrink the mysqld process by circa 100MB. #skip-innodb # # * Security Features # # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot! # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/ # # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca". # # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 500M [mysql] #no-auto-rehash # faster start of mysql but no tab completition [isamchk] key_buffer = 32M key_buffer_size = 512M # # * NDB Cluster # # See /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-*/README.Debian for more information. # # The following configuration is read by the NDB Data Nodes (ndbd processes) # not from the NDB Management Nodes (ndb_mgmd processes). # # [MYSQL_CLUSTER] # ndb-connectstring=127.0.0.1 # # * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file! # The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored. # !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/ Please, help me make it stable. Memory used /etc/mysql # free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 32930800 32766424 164376 0 139208 23829196 -/+ buffers/cache: 8798020 24132780 Swap: 33553328 44660 33508668 Maybe my problem not in memory, but MySQL stops every day. As you can see, cache memory free 24 gb. Thank to Michael Hampton? for correction. Load overage on server 3.5. Maybe hdd or another problem? Maybe my config not optimal for 30gb InnoDB ? I'm already try mysqltuner and tunung-primer.sh , but they marked all green. Mysqltuner output mysqltuner >> MySQLTuner 1.0.1 - Major Hayden <[email protected]> >> Bug reports, feature requests, and downloads at http://mysqltuner.com/ >> Run with '--help' for additional options and output filtering -------- General Statistics -------------------------------------------------- [--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script [OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 5.5.24-9-log [OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture -------- Storage Engine Statistics ------------------------------------------- [--] Status: -Archive -BDB -Federated +InnoDB -ISAM -NDBCluster [--] Data in MyISAM tables: 112G (Tables: 1528) [--] Data in InnoDB tables: 39G (Tables: 340) [--] Data in PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA tables: 0B (Tables: 17) [!!] Total fragmented tables: 344 -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 8h 18m 33s (14M q [478.333 qps], 259K conn, TX: 9B, RX: 5B) [--] Reads / Writes: 84% / 16% [--] Total buffers: 10.5G global + 81.1M per thread (200 max threads) [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 26.3G (83% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 1% (259K/14M) [!!] Highest connection usage: 100% (201/200) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 1.5G/5.6G [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (6B cached / 1M reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 74.3% (8M cached / 11M selects) [OK] Query cache prunes per day: 0 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (0 temp sorts / 247K sorts) [!!] Joins performed without indexes: 106025 [!!] Temporary tables created on disk: 49% (351K on disk / 715K total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (249 created / 259K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 15% (2K open / 13K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 15% (3K/20K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 99% (4M immediate / 4M locks) [!!] InnoDB data size / buffer pool: 39.4G/5.9G -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance MySQL started within last 24 hours - recommendations may be inaccurate Reduce or eliminate persistent connections to reduce connection usage Adjust your join queries to always utilize indexes Temporary table size is already large - reduce result set size Reduce your SELECT DISTINCT queries without LIMIT clauses Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Variables to adjust: max_connections (> 200) wait_timeout (< 600) interactive_timeout (< 600) join_buffer_size (> 5.0M, or always use indexes with joins) table_cache (> 10000) innodb_buffer_pool_size (>= 39G) Mysql primer output -- MYSQL PERFORMANCE TUNING PRIMER -- - By: Matthew Montgomery - MySQL Version 5.5.24-9-log x86_64 Uptime = 0 days 8 hrs 20 min 50 sec Avg. qps = 478 Total Questions = 14369568 Threads Connected = 16 Warning: Server has not been running for at least 48hrs. It may not be safe to use these recommendations To find out more information on how each of these runtime variables effects performance visit: http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/server-system-variables.html Visit http://www.mysql.com/products/enterprise/advisors.html for info about MySQL's Enterprise Monitoring and Advisory Service SLOW QUERIES The slow query log is enabled. Current long_query_time = 1.000000 sec. You have 260626 out of 14369701 that take longer than 1.000000 sec. to complete Your long_query_time seems to be fine BINARY UPDATE LOG The binary update log is enabled Binlog sync is not enabled, you could loose binlog records during a server crash WORKER THREADS Current thread_cache_size = 50 Current threads_cached = 45 Current threads_per_sec = 0 Historic threads_per_sec = 0 Your thread_cache_size is fine MAX CONNECTIONS Current max_connections = 200 Current threads_connected = 11 Historic max_used_connections = 201 The number of used connections is 100% of the configured maximum. You should raise max_connections INNODB STATUS Current InnoDB index space = 214 M Current InnoDB data space = 39.40 G Current InnoDB buffer pool free = 0 % Current innodb_buffer_pool_size = 5.85 G Depending on how much space your innodb indexes take up it may be safe to increase this value to up to 2 / 3 of total system memory MEMORY USAGE Max Memory Ever Allocated : 23.46 G Configured Max Per-thread Buffers : 15.84 G Configured Max Global Buffers : 7.54 G Configured Max Memory Limit : 23.39 G Physical Memory : 31.40 G Max memory limit seem to be within acceptable norms KEY BUFFER Current MyISAM index space = 5.61 G Current key_buffer_size = 1.47 G Key cache miss rate is 1 : 5578 Key buffer free ratio = 77 % Your key_buffer_size seems to be fine QUERY CACHE Query cache is enabled Current query_cache_size = 200 M Current query_cache_used = 101 M Current query_cache_limit = 50 M Current Query cache Memory fill ratio = 50.59 % Current query_cache_min_res_unit = 4 K MySQL won't cache query results that are larger than query_cache_limit in size SORT OPERATIONS Current sort_buffer_size = 64 M Current read_rnd_buffer_size = 256 K Sort buffer seems to be fine JOINS Current join_buffer_size = 5.00 M You have had 106606 queries where a join could not use an index properly You have had 8 joins without keys that check for key usage after each row join_buffer_size >= 4 M This is not advised You should enable "log-queries-not-using-indexes" Then look for non indexed joins in the slow query log. OPEN FILES LIMIT Current open_files_limit = 20210 files The open_files_limit should typically be set to at least 2x-3x that of table_cache if you have heavy MyISAM usage. Your open_files_limit value seems to be fine TABLE CACHE Current table_open_cache = 10000 tables Current table_definition_cache = 2000 tables You have a total of 1910 tables You have 2151 open tables. The table_cache value seems to be fine TEMP TABLES Current max_heap_table_size = 2.92 G Current tmp_table_size = 2.92 G Of 366426 temp tables, 49% were created on disk Perhaps you should increase your tmp_table_size and/or max_heap_table_size to reduce the number of disk-based temporary tables Note! BLOB and TEXT columns are not allow in memory tables. If you are using these columns raising these values might not impact your ratio of on disk temp tables. TABLE SCANS Current read_buffer_size = 3 M Current table scan ratio = 2846 : 1 read_buffer_size seems to be fine TABLE LOCKING Current Lock Wait ratio = 1 : 185 You may benefit from selective use of InnoDB. If you have long running SELECT's against MyISAM tables and perform frequent updates consider setting 'low_priority_updates=1'

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• InternalsVisibleTo attribute and security vulnerability

  - by Sergey Litvinov

  I found one issue with InternalsVisibleTo attribute usage. The idea of InternalsVisibleTo attribute to allow some other assemblies to use internal classes\methods of this assembly. To make it work you need sign your assemblies. So, if other assemblies isn't specified in main assembly and if they have incorrect public key, then they can't use Internal members. But the issue in Reflection Emit type generation. For example, we have CorpLibrary1 assembly and it has such class: public class TestApi { internal virtual void DoSomething() { Console.WriteLine("Base DoSomething"); } public void DoApiTest() { // some internal logic // ... // call internal method DoSomething(); } } This assembly is marked with such attribute to allow another CorpLibrary2 to make inheritor for that TestAPI and override behaviour of DoSomething method. [assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("CorpLibrary2, PublicKey=0024000004800000940000000602000000240000525341310004000001000100434D9C5E1F9055BF7970B0C106AAA447271ECE0F8FC56F6AF3A906353F0B848A8346DC13C42A6530B4ED2E6CB8A1E56278E664E61C0D633A6F58643A7B8448CB0B15E31218FB8FE17F63906D3BF7E20B9D1A9F7B1C8CD11877C0AF079D454C21F24D5A85A8765395E5CC5252F0BE85CFEB65896EC69FCC75201E09795AAA07D0")] The issue is that I'm able to override this internal DoSomething method and break class logic. My steps to do it: Generate new assembly in runtime via AssemblyBuilder Get AssemblyName from CorpLibrary1 and copy PublikKey to new assembly Generate new assembly that will inherit TestApi class As PublicKey and name of generated assembly is the same as in InternalsVisibleTo, then we can generate new DoSomething method that will override internal method in TestAPI assembly Then we have another assembly that isn't related to this CorpLibrary1 and can't use internal members. We have such test code in it: class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var builder = new FakeBuilder(InjectBadCode, "DoSomething", true); TestApi fakeType = builder.CreateFake(); fakeType.DoApiTest(); // it will display: // Inject bad code // Base DoSomething Console.ReadLine(); } public static void InjectBadCode() { Console.WriteLine("Inject bad code"); } } And this FakeBuilder class has such code: /// /// Builder that will generate inheritor for specified assembly and will overload specified internal virtual method /// /// Target type public class FakeBuilder { private readonly Action _callback; private readonly Type _targetType; private readonly string _targetMethodName; private readonly string _slotName; private readonly bool _callBaseMethod; public FakeBuilder(Action callback, string targetMethodName, bool callBaseMethod) { int randomId = new Random((int)DateTime.Now.Ticks).Next(); _slotName = string.Format("FakeSlot_{0}", randomId); _callback = callback; _targetType = typeof(TFakeType); _targetMethodName = targetMethodName; _callBaseMethod = callBaseMethod; } public TFakeType CreateFake() { // as CorpLibrary1 can't use code from unreferences assemblies, we need to store this Action somewhere. // And Thread is not bad place for that. It's not the best place as it won't work in multithread application, but it's just a sample LocalDataStoreSlot slot = Thread.AllocateNamedDataSlot(_slotName); Thread.SetData(slot, _callback); // then we generate new assembly with the same nameand public key as target assembly trusts by InternalsVisibleTo attribute var newTypeName = _targetType.Name + "Fake"; var targetAssembly = Assembly.GetAssembly(_targetType); AssemblyName an = new AssemblyName(); an.Name = GetFakeAssemblyName(targetAssembly); // copying public key to new generated assembly var assemblyName = targetAssembly.GetName(); an.SetPublicKey(assemblyName.GetPublicKey()); an.SetPublicKeyToken(assemblyName.GetPublicKeyToken()); AssemblyBuilder assemblyBuilder = Thread.GetDomain().DefineDynamicAssembly(an, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave); ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder = assemblyBuilder.DefineDynamicModule(assemblyBuilder.GetName().Name, true); // create inheritor for specified type TypeBuilder typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(newTypeName, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Class, _targetType); // LambdaExpression.CompileToMethod can be used only with static methods, so we need to create another method that will call our Inject method // we can do the same via ILGenerator, but expression trees are more easy to use MethodInfo methodInfo = CreateMethodInfo(moduleBuilder); MethodBuilder methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(_targetMethodName, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual); ILGenerator ilGenerator = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator(); // call our static method that will call inject method ilGenerator.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, methodInfo, null); // in case if we need, then we put call to base method if (_callBaseMethod) { var baseMethodInfo = _targetType.GetMethod(_targetMethodName, BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); // place this to stack ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0); // call the base method ilGenerator.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, baseMethodInfo, new Type[0]); // return ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } // generate type, create it and return to caller Type cheatType = typeBuilder.CreateType(); object type = Activator.CreateInstance(cheatType); return (TFakeType)type; } /// /// Get name of assembly from InternalsVisibleTo AssemblyName /// private static string GetFakeAssemblyName(Assembly assembly) { var internalsVisibleAttr = assembly.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(InternalsVisibleToAttribute), true).FirstOrDefault() as InternalsVisibleToAttribute; if (internalsVisibleAttr == null) { throw new InvalidOperationException("Assembly hasn't InternalVisibleTo attribute"); } var ind = internalsVisibleAttr.AssemblyName.IndexOf(","); var name = internalsVisibleAttr.AssemblyName.Substring(0, ind); return name; } /// /// Generate such code: /// ((Action)Thread.GetData(Thread.GetNamedDataSlot(_slotName))).Invoke(); /// private LambdaExpression MakeStaticExpressionMethod() { var allocateMethod = typeof(Thread).GetMethod("GetNamedDataSlot", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); var getDataMethod = typeof(Thread).GetMethod("GetData", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); var call = Expression.Call(allocateMethod, Expression.Constant(_slotName)); var getCall = Expression.Call(getDataMethod, call); var convCall = Expression.Convert(getCall, typeof(Action)); var invokExpr = Expression.Invoke(convCall); var lambda = Expression.Lambda(invokExpr); return lambda; } /// /// Generate static class with one static function that will execute Action from Thread NamedDataSlot /// private MethodInfo CreateMethodInfo(ModuleBuilder moduleBuilder) { var methodName = "_StaticTestMethod_" + _slotName; var className = "_StaticClass_" + _slotName; TypeBuilder typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(className, TypeAttributes.Public | TypeAttributes.Class); MethodBuilder methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod(methodName, MethodAttributes.Static | MethodAttributes.Public); LambdaExpression expression = MakeStaticExpressionMethod(); expression.CompileToMethod(methodBuilder); var type = typeBuilder.CreateType(); return type.GetMethod(methodName, BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public); } } remarks about sample: as we need to execute code from another assembly, CorpLibrary1 hasn't access to it, so we need to store this delegate somewhere. Just for testing I stored it in Thread NamedDataSlot. It won't work in multithreaded applications, but it's just a sample. I know that we use Reflection to get private\internal members of any class, but within reflection we can't override them. But this issue is allows anyone to override internal class\method if that assembly has InternalsVisibleTo attribute. I tested it on .Net 3.5\4 and it works for both of them. How does it possible to just copy PublicKey without private key and use it in runtime? The whole sample can be found there - https://github.com/sergey-litvinov/Tests_InternalsVisibleTo UPDATE1: That test code in Program and FakeBuilder classes hasn't access to key.sn file and that library isn't signed, so it hasn't public key at all. It just copying it from CorpLibrary1 by using Reflection.Emit

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