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  • Polymorphic association in reverse

    - by Erik
    Let's say that I have two models - one called Post and one other called Video. I then have a third model - Comment - that is polymorphically associated to to each of these models. I can then easily do post.comments and video.comments to find comments assosciated to records of these models. All easy so far. But what if I want to go the other way and I want to find ALL posts and videos that have been commented on and display these in a list sorted on the date that the comment was made? Is this possible? If it helps I'm working on Rails 3 beta.

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  • Polymorphic Numerics on .Net and In C#

    - by Bent Rasmussen
    It's a real shame that in .Net there is no polymorphism for numbers, i.e. no INumeric interface that unifies the different kinds of numerical types such as bool, byte, uint, int, etc. In the extreme one would like a complete package of abstract algebra types. Joe Duffy has an article about the issue: http://www.bluebytesoftware.com/blog/CommentView,guid,14b37ade-3110-4596-9d6e-bacdcd75baa8.aspx How would you express this in C#, in order to retrofit it, without having influence over .Net or C#? I have one idea that involves first defining one or more abstract types (interfaces such as INumeric - or more abstract than that) and then defining structs that implement these and wrap types such as int while providing operations that return the new type (e.g. Integer32 : INumeric; where addition would be defined as public Integer32 Add(Integer32 other) { return Return(Value + other.Value); } I am somewhat afraid of the execution speed of this code but at least it is abstract. No operator overloading goodness... Any other ideas? .Net doesn't look like a viable long-term platform if it cannot have this kind of abstraction I think - and be efficient about it. Abstraction is reuse.

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  • list of polymorphic objects

    - by LivingThing
    I have a particular scenario below. The code below should print 'say()' function of B and C class and print 'B says..' and 'C says...' but it doesn't .Any ideas.. I am learning polymorphism so also have commented few questions related to it on the lines of code below. class A { public: // A() {} virtual void say() { std::cout << "Said IT ! " << std::endl; } virtual ~A(); //why virtual destructor ? }; void methodCall() // does it matters if the inherited class from A is in this method { class B : public A{ public: // virtual ~B(); //significance of virtual destructor in 'child' class virtual void say () // does the overrided method also has to be have the keyword 'virtual' { cout << "B Sayssss.... " << endl; } }; class C : public A{ public: //virtual ~C(); virtual void say () { cout << "C Says " << endl; } }; list<A> listOfAs; list<A>::iterator it; # 1st scenario B bObj; C cObj; A *aB = &bObj; A *aC = &cObj; # 2nd scenario // A aA; // B *Ba = &aA; // C *Ca = &aA; // I am declaring the objects as in 1st scenario but how about 2nd scenario, is this suppose to work too? listOfAs.insert(it,*aB); listOfAs.insert(it,*aC); for (it=listOfAs.begin(); it!=listOfAs.end(); it++) { cout << *it.say() << endl; } } int main() { methodCall(); retrun 0; }

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  • polymorphic hql

    - by Berryl
    I have a base type where "business id" must be unique for a given subclass, but it is possible for there to be different subclasses with the same business id. If there is a base type with a requested id but of the wrong subclass I want to return null, using a named query. The code below does this, but I am wondering if I can avoid the try/catch with a better HQL. Can I? Cheers, Berryl current hql <query name="FindActivitySubjectByBusinessId"> <![CDATA[ from ActivitySubject act where act.BusinessId = :businessId ]]> </query> current fetch code public ActivitySubject FindByBusinessId<T>(string businessId) where T : ActivitySubject { Check.RequireStringValue(businessId, "businessId"); try { return _session.GetNamedQuery("FindActivitySubjectByBusinessId") .SetString("businessId", businessId) .UniqueResult<T>(); } catch (InvalidCastException e) { // an Activity Subject was found with the requested id but the wrong type return null; } }

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  • Safe and polymorphic toEnum

    - by jetxee
    I'd like to write a safe version of toEnum: safeToEnum :: (Enum t, Bounded t) => Int -> Maybe t A naive implementation: safeToEnum :: (Enum t, Bounded t) => Int -> Maybe t safeToEnum i = if (i >= fromEnum (minBound :: t)) && (i <= fromEnum (maxBound :: t)) then Just . toEnum $ i else Nothing main = do print $ (safeToEnum 1 :: Maybe Bool) print $ (safeToEnum 2 :: Maybe Bool) And it doesn't work: safeToEnum.hs:3:21: Could not deduce (Bounded t1) from the context () arising from a use of `minBound' at safeToEnum.hs:3:21-28 Possible fix: add (Bounded t1) to the context of an expression type signature In the first argument of `fromEnum', namely `(minBound :: t)' In the second argument of `(>=)', namely `fromEnum (minBound :: t)' In the first argument of `(&&)', namely `(i >= fromEnum (minBound :: t))' safeToEnum.hs:3:56: Could not deduce (Bounded t1) from the context () arising from a use of `maxBound' at safeToEnum.hs:3:56-63 Possible fix: add (Bounded t1) to the context of an expression type signature In the first argument of `fromEnum', namely `(maxBound :: t)' In the second argument of `(<=)', namely `fromEnum (maxBound :: t)' In the second argument of `(&&)', namely `(i <= fromEnum (maxBound :: t))' As well as I understand the message, the compiler does not recognize that minBound and maxBound should produce exactly the same type as in the result type of safeToEnum inspite of the explicit type declaration (:: t). Any idea how to fix it?

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  • Copying a Polymorphic object in C++

    - by doron
    I have base-class Base from which is derived Derived1, Derived2 and Derived3. I have constructed an instance for one of the the derived classes which I store as Base* a. I now need to make a deep copy of the object which I will store as Base* b. As far as I know, the normal way of copying a class is to use copy constructors and to overload operator=. However since I don't know whether a is of type Derived1, Derived2 or Derived3, I cannot think of a way of using either the copy constructor or operator=. The only way I can think of to cleanly make this work is to implement something like: class Base { public: virtual Base* Clone() = 0; }; and the implement Clone in in the derived class as in: class Derivedn : public Base { public: Base* Clone() { Derived1* ret = new Derived1; copy all the data members } }; Java tends to use Clone quite a bit is there more of a C++ way of doing this?

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  • Polymorphic classes in templates

    - by soxarered
    Let's say we have a class hierarchy where we have a generic Animal class, which has several classes directly inherit from it (such as Dog, Cat, Horse, etc..). When using templates on this inheritance hierarchy, is it legal to just use SomeTemplateClass<Animal> and then shove in Dogs and Cats and Horses into this templated object? For example, assume we have a templated Stack class, where we want to host all sorts of animals. Can I simply state Stack<Animal> s; Dog d; s.push(d); Cat c; s.push(c);

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  • Managing memory of polymorphic timed events with DLL

    - by Milo
    Here is my issue. My Gui library that I made supports timed events. Basically, I have a class called TimedEvent which users inherit from. They then do: addTimedEvent(new DerivedTimedEvent(...)); However given the nature of timed events, I manage the memory afterwards. So when the timed event has done its thing, my library calls delete on it. Although it runs fine, that is because the exe and the library were both built with msvc 2008. I think I might have trouble if I have 2 versions of the runtime, one for the lib, and one for the exe. What can I do to fix this? I can't create a factory because the derived type is on the exe side of things. I also cannot ask the user to call delete since they might not have a way to keep track of time, or know if the event was delayed for whatever reason. Thanks

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  • JPA polymorphic oneToMany

    - by bob
    I couldn't figure out how to cleanly do a tag cloud with JPA where each db entity can have many tags. E.g Post can have 0 or more Tags User can have 0 or more Tags Is there a better way in JPA than having to make all the entities subclass something like Taggable abstract class? Where a a Tag entity would reference many Taggables. thank you

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  • Why aren't Java's generics implicitly polymorphic?

    - by froadie
    I'm a bit confused about how Java generics handle inheritance / polymorphism. Assume the following hierarchy - Animal (Parent) Dog - Cat (Children) So suppose I have a method doSomething(List<Animal> animals). By all the rules of inheritance and polymorphism, I would assume that a List<Dog> is a List<Animal> and a List<Cat> is a List<Animal> - and so either one could be passed to this method. Not so. If I want to achieve this behavior, I have to explicitly tell the method to accept a list of any subset of Animal by saying doSomething(List<? extends Animal> animals). I understand that this is Java's behavior. My question is why? Why is polymorphism generally implicit, but when it comes to generics it must be specified?

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  • Polymorphic behavior not being implemented

    - by Garrett A. Hughes
    The last two lines of this code illustrate the problem: the compiler works when I use the reference to the object, but not when I assign the reference to an array element. The rest of the code is in the same package in separate files. BioStudent and ChemStudent are separate classes, as well as Student. package pkgPoly; public class Poly { public static void main(String[] arg) { Student[] stud = new Student[3]; // create a biology student BioStudent s1 = new BioStudent("Tom"); // create a chemistry student ChemStudent s2 = new ChemStudent("Dick"); // fill the student body with studs stud[0] = s0; stud[1] = s1; // compiler complains that it can't find symbol getMajor on next line System.out.println("major: " + stud[0].getMajor() ); // doesn't compile; System.out.println("major: " + s0.getMajor() ); // works: compiles and runs correctly } }

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  • C++: Could Polymorphic Copy Constructors work?

    - by 0xC0DEFACE
    Consider: class A { public: A( int val ) : m_ValA( val ) {} A( const A& rhs ) {} int m_ValA; }; class B : public A { public: B( int val4A, int val4B ) : A( val4A ), m_ValB( val4B ) {} B( const B& rhs ) : A( rhs ), m_ValB( rhs.m_ValB ) {} int m_ValB; }; int main() { A* b1 = new B( 1, 2 ); A* b2 = new A( *b1 ); // ERROR...but what if it could work? return 0; } Would C++ be broken if "new A( b1 )" was able to resolve to creating a new B copy and returning an A? Would this even be useful?

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  • How to model has_many with polymorphism?

    - by Daniel Abrahamsson
    I've run into a situation that I am not quite sure how to model. Suppose I have a User class, and a user has many services. However, these services are quite different, for example a MailService and a BackupService, so single table inheritance won't do. Instead, I am thinking of using polymorphic associations together with an abstract base class: class User < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :services end class Service < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :user_id, :implementation_id, :implementation_type belongs_to :user belongs_to :implementation, :polymorphic = true delegate :common_service_method, :name, :to => :implementation end #Base class for service implementations class ServiceImplementation < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :user_id, :on => :create has_one :service, :as => :implementation has_one :user, :through => :service after_create :create_service_record #Tell Rails this class does not use a table. def self.abstract_class? true end #Default name implementation. def name self.class.name end protected #Sets up a service object def create_service_record service = Service.new(:user_id => user_id) service.implementation = self service.save! end end class MailService < ServiceImplementation #validations, etc... def common_service_method puts "MailService implementation of common service method" end end #Example usage MailService.create(..., :user_id => user.id) BackupService.create(...., :user_id => user.id) user.services.each do |s| puts "#{user.name} is using #{s.name}" end #Daniel is using MailService, Daniel is using BackupService So, is this the best solution? Or even a good one? How have you solved this kind of problem?

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  • How to build MVC Views that work with polymorphic domain model design?

    - by Johann de Swardt
    This is more of a "how would you do it" type of question. The application I'm working on is an ASP.NET MVC4 app using Razor syntax. I've got a nice domain model which has a few polymorphic classes, awesome to work with in the code, but I have a few questions regarding the MVC front-end. Views are easy to build for normal classes, but when it comes to the polymorphic ones I'm stuck on deciding how to implement them. The one (ugly) option is to build a page which handles the base type (eg. IContract) and has a bunch of if statements to check if we passed in a IServiceContract or ISupplyContract instance. Not pretty and very nasty to maintain. The other option is to build a view for each of these IContract child classes, breaking DRY principles completely. Don't like doing this for obvious reasons. Another option (also not great) is to split the view into chunks with partials and build partial views for each of the child types that are loaded into the main view for the base type, then deciding to show or hide the partial in a single if statement in the partial. Also messy. I've also been thinking about building a master page with sections for the fields that only occur in subclasses and to build views for each subclass referencing the master page. This looks like the least problematic solution? It will allow for fairly simple maintenance and it doesn't involve code duplication. What are your thoughts? Am I missing something obvious that will make our lives easier? Suggestions?

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  • STI and polymorphs

    - by Alexey Poimtsev
    Hi, I have problem with my code class Post < ActiveRecord::Base end class NewsArticle < Post has_many :comments, :as => :commentable, :dependent => :destroy, :order => 'created_at' end class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :commentable, :polymorphic => true, :counter_cache => true end And on attempt go get comments for some NewsArticle i see in logs something like Comment Load (0.9ms) SELECT "comments".* FROM "comments" WHERE ("comments"."commentable_id" = 1 and "comments"."commentable_type" = 'Post') ORDER BY created_at Strange that "commentable_type" = 'Post'. What's wrong? PS: Rails 2.3.5 && ruby 1.8.7 (2010-01-10 patchlevel 249) [i686-darwin10]

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  • Ruby on Rails: How can I authenticate different user types from one place?

    - by sscirrus
    Hi everyone! This is my first post on Stack Overflow. I am trying to build a system that authenticates three types of user with completely different site experiences: Customers, Employers, and Vendors. I'm thinking of using a polymorphic 'User' table (using AuthLogic) with username, password, and user_type (+ AuthLogic's other required fields). If this is a good way to go, how do I set this up so after authenticating an user_id with a user_type the standard way, I can direct the user to the page that's right for them? Thanks.

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  • How do I check if an instance has an object to skip displaying the values?

    - by Angela
    I have created a polymorphic association around a model called status. Some contacts will have a status associated with it. Many won't. If I try to call a status when one is not there, I get an error. Right now, even if I haven't created a status for the model, it still runs whatever is in the if-end block. Here's what I am trying, but it's not working: <% if [email protected]? %> <p>Status: <%= @status.find(:last).status %></p> <% end %> In the controller, it is defined below: @status = Contact.find(@contact).statuses By the way, also open to make code more readable and DRY.

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  • Two Different Types of Associatons on the Same Two Tables in Rails

    - by tmo256
    I have two models, users and themes, that I'm currently joining in a HABTM association in a themes_users table. Basically, after a user creates a new theme, it becomes available to other users to select for their own use. However, only the original creator of the theme should have the ability to edit it. So, I need to have some other kind of association to handle that relationship, something like an created_by_id field in the theme. In this way, the user model acts as two different roles: they can be an implementer of a theme AND/OR the owner of the theme. The implementer relationship is handled by the themes_users join table; the question is: What is the right way to handle this secondary association? Do I need to make users polymorphic and then make the created_by_id reference an "owner"? Or is there something easier? Thanks so much for your help!

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  • Rails: How to have dynamic association

    - by Aaron Dufall
    I'll use an example to explain what behaviour I would like to achieve. If you had a project management app and you added a task, but not all the contributors are users of the app. So when you adding contributors to the task you can enter a user name or email address. Here is the part that I'm finding a little tricky. The task model has many contributors which are linked through the user model, but from this point on I want to achieve 2 things. Store the non members email(this would obviously be quite simple) If that email address was to create an account it would then link that user to the task and remove the temporally saved email. This way, when that user creates an account all the related tasks will already be associated with their email. Is this something that i could achieve with a polymorphic association? or is there something else I should be looking at?

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  • Default class for SQLAlchemy single table inheritance

    - by eclaird
    I've set up a single table inheritance, but I need a "default" class to use when an unknown polymorphic identity is encountered. The database is not in my control and so the data can be pretty much anything. A working example setup: import sqlalchemy as sa from sqlalchemy import orm engine = sa.create_engine('sqlite://') metadata = sa.MetaData(bind=engine) table = sa.Table('example_types', metadata, sa.Column('id', sa.Integer, primary_key=True), sa.Column('type', sa.Integer), ) metadata.create_all() class BaseType(object): pass class TypeA(BaseType): pass class TypeB(BaseType): pass base_mapper = orm.mapper(BaseType, table, polymorphic_on=table.c.type, polymorphic_identity=None, ) orm.mapper(TypeA, inherits=base_mapper, polymorphic_identity='A', ) orm.mapper(TypeB, inherits=base_mapper, polymorphic_identity='B', ) Session = orm.sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False) session = Session() Now, if I insert a new unmapped identity... engine.execute('INSERT INTO EXAMPLE_TYPES (TYPE) VALUES (\'C\')') session.query(BaseType).first() ...things break. Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py", line 1619, in first ret = list(self[0:1]) File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py", line 1528, in __getitem__ return list(res) File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/query.py", line 1797, in instances rows = [process[0](row, None) for row in fetch] File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py", line 2179, in _instance _instance = polymorphic_instances[discriminator] File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/util.py", line 83, in __missing__ self[key] = val = self.creator(key) File ".../SQLAlchemy-0.6.5-py2.6.egg/sqlalchemy/orm/mapper.py", line 2341, in configure_subclass_mapper discriminator) AssertionError: No such polymorphic_identity u'C' is defined What I expected: >>> result = session.query(BaseType).first() >>> result <BaseType object at 0x1c8db70> >>> result.type u'C' I think this used to work with some older version of SQLAlchemy, but I haven't been keeping up with the development lately. Any pointers on how to accomplish this?

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  • Refer to similar associated models with a common name

    - by Horace Loeb
    I have these models: class Bill < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :calls has_many :text_messages end class Call < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :bill end class TextMessage < ActiveRecord::Base belongs_to :bill end Now, in my domain calls and text messages are both "the same kind of thing" -- i.e., they're both "bill items". So I'd like some_bill.bill_items to return all calls and text messages associated with that bill. What's the best way to do this?

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  • Django: way to test what class a generic relation content_object is?

    - by bitbutter
    In my project I have a class, NewsItem. Instances of NewsItem act like a wrapper. They can be associated with either an ArtWork instance, or an Announcement instance. Here's how the NewsItem model looks: class NewsItem(models.Model): content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType) object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField() content_object = generic.GenericForeignKey('content_type', 'object_id') date = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.datetime.now,) class Meta: ordering = ('-date',) def __unicode__(self): return (self.title()) In a template I'm dealing with a NewsItem instance, and would like to output a certain bunch of html it it's 'wrapping' an Artwork instance, and a different bunch of html if it's wrapping an Announcement instance. Could someone explain how I can write a conditional to test for this? My first naive try looked like this: {% if news_item.content_object.type=='Artwork' %}do this{% else %}do that{% endif %}

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  • Suggestions on how to track tag count for a particular object

    - by Robin Fisher
    Hi, I'm looking for suggestions on how to track the number of tags associated with a particular object in Rails. I'm using acts_as_taggable_on and it's working fine. What I would like to be able to do is search for all objects that have no tags, preferably through a scope i.e. Object.untagged.all My first thought was to use an after_save callback to update an attribute called "taggings_count" in my model: def update_taggings_count self.taggings_count = self.tag_list.size self.save end Unfortunately, this does the obvious thing of putting me in an infinite loop. I need to use an after_save callback because the tag_list is not updated until the main object is saved. Would appreciate any suggestions as I'm on the verge of rolling my own tagging system. Regards Robin

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