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• passing & in url variable withe the help of urlencode

  - by pradeep

  I have done urlencode of the variable before passing to the url http://abc.com/Restaurants?aliasF%26B but when i try to print like in the page $alias = rawurldecode($_GET['alias']); echo $alias; it prints only F.how to solve this??

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• Django AND .htaccess rewrites/redirects, is this possible?

  - by Infinity

  Is it possible to have Apache htaccess rewrites take effect before it hits django? For example so I can redirect iPhone users to a completely different domain without even hitting django. We're using apache2 with mod_wsgi and the apache vhost looks like this: <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /usr/local/www/site/static Alias /css/ /usr/local/www/site/static/css/ Alias /js/ /usr/local/www/site/static/js/ Alias /img/ /usr/local/www/site/static/img/ Alias /flash/ /usr/local/www/site/static/flash/ <Directory /usr/local/www/site/static> AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> WSGIDaemonProcess mallorca-site threads=15 WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/local/www/site/config/dev/dev.wsgi </VirtualHost> Thanks

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• Inconsistent file downloads of (what should be) the same file

  - by Austin A.

  I'm working on a system that archives large collections of timetstamped images. Part of the system deals with saving an image to a growing .zip file. This morning I noticed that the log system said that an image was successfully downloaded and placed in the zip file, but when I downloaded the .zip (from an apache alias running on our server), the images didn't match the log. For example, although the log said that camera 3484 captured on January 17, 2011, when I download from the apache alias, the downloaded zip file only contains images up to January 14. So, I sshed onto the server, and unzipped the file in its own directory, and that zip file has images from January 14 to today (January 17). What strikes me as odd is that this should be the exact same file as the one I downloaded from the apache alias. Other experiments: I scp-ed the file from the server to my local machine, and the zip file has the newer images. But when I use an SCP client (in this case, Fugu for OSX), I get the zip file for the older images. In short: unzipping a file on the server or after downloading through scp or after downloading through wget gives one zip file, but unzipping a file from Chrome, Firefox, or SCP client gives a different zip file, when they should be exactly the same. Unzipping on the server... [user@server ~]$ cd /export1/amos/images/2011/84/3484/00003484/ [user@server 00003484]$ ls -la total 6180 drwxr-sr-x 2 user groupname 24 Jan 17 11:20 . drwxr-sr-x 4 user groupname 36 Jan 11 19:58 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 user groupname 6309980 Jan 17 12:05 2011.01.zip [user@server 00003484]$ unzip 2011.01.zip Archive: 2011.01.zip extracting: 20110114_140547.jpg extracting: 20110114_143554.jpg replace 20110114_143554.jpg? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y extracting: 20110114_143554.jpg extracting: 20110114_153458.jpg (...bunch of files...) extracting: 20110117_170459.jpg extracting: 20110117_173458.jpg extracting: 20110117_180501.jpg Using the wget through apache alias. local:~ user$ wget http://example.com/zipfiles/2011/84/3484/00003484/2011.01.zip --12:38:13-- http://example.com/zipfiles/2011/84/3484/00003484/2011.01.zip => `2011.01.zip' Resolving example.com... ip.ip.ip.ip Connecting to example.com|ip.ip.ip.ip|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 6,327,747 (6.0M) [application/zip] 100% [=====================================================================================================>] 6,327,747 1.03M/s ETA 00:00 12:38:56 (143.23 KB/s) - `2011.01.zip' saved [6327747/6327747] local:~ user$ unzip 2011.01.zip Archive: 2011.01.zip extracting: 20110114_140547.jpg (... same as before...) extracting: 20110117_183459.jpg Using scp to grab the zip local:~ user$ scp user@server:/export1/amos/images/2011/84/3484/00003484/2011.01.zip . 2011.01.zip 100% 6179KB 475.3KB/s 00:13 local:~ user$ unzip 2011.01.zip Archive: 2011.01.zip extracting: 20110114_140547.jpg (...same as before...) extracting: 20110117_183459.jpg Using Fugu to download 2011.01.zip from /export1/amos/images/2011/84/3484/00003484/ gives images 20110113_090457.jpg through 201100114_010554.jpg Using Firefox to download 2011.01.zip from http://example.com/zipfiles/2011/84/3484/00003484/2011.01.zip gives images 20110113_090457.jpg through 201100114_010554.jpg Using Chrome gives same results as Firefox. Relevant section from apache httpd.conf: # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts. # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that # documents in the realname directory are treated as applications and # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the client. # The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias directives as to # Alias. # ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/" Alias /zipfiles/ /export1/amos/images/

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• Using Unity – Part 1

  - by nmarun

  I have been going through implementing some IoC pattern using Unity and so I decided to share my learnings (I know that’s not an English word, but you get the point). Ok, so I have an ASP.net project named ProductWeb and a class library called ProductModel. In the model library, I have a class called Product: 1: public class Product 2: { 3: public string Name { get; set; } 4: public string Description { get; set; } 5:  6: public Product() 7: { 8: Name = "iPad"; 9: Description = "Not just a reader!"; 10: } 11:  12: public string WriteProductDetails() 13: { 14: return string.Format("Name: {0} Description: {1}", Name, Description); 15: } 16: } In the Page_Load event of the default.aspx, I’ll need something like: 1: Product product = new Product(); 2: productDetailsLabel.Text = product.WriteProductDetails(); Now, let’s go ‘Unity’fy this application. I assume you have all the bits for the pattern. If not, get it from here. I found this schematic representation of Unity pattern from the above link. This image might not make much sense to you now, but as we proceed, things will get better. The first step to implement the Inversion of Control pattern is to create interfaces that your types will implement. An IProduct interface is added to the ProductModel project. 1: public interface IProduct 2: { 3: string WriteProductDetails(); 4: } Let’s make our Product class to implement the IProduct interface. The application will compile and run as before despite the changes made. Add the following references to your web project: Microsoft.Practices.Unity Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration Microsoft.Practices.Unity.StaticFactory Microsoft.Practices.ObjectBuilder2 We need to add a few lines to the web.config file. The line below tells what version of Unity pattern we’ll be using. 1: <configSections> 2: <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration, Version=1.2.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"/> 3: </configSections> Add another block with the same name as the section name declared above – ‘unity’. 1: <unity> 2: <typeAliases> 3: <!--Custom object types--> 4: <typeAlias alias="IProduct" type="ProductModel.IProduct, ProductModel"/> 5: <typeAlias alias="Product" type="ProductModel.Product, ProductModel"/> 6: </typeAliases> 7: <containers> 8: <container name="unityContainer"> 9: <types> 10: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product"/> 11: </types> 12: </container> 13: </containers> 14: </unity> From the Unity Configuration schematic shown above, you see that the ‘unity’ block has a ‘typeAliases’ and a ‘containers’ segment. The typeAlias element gives a ‘short-name’ for a type. This ‘short-name’ can be used to point to this type any where in the configuration file (web.config in our case, but all this information could be coming from an external xml file as well). The container element holds all the mapping information. This container is referenced through its name attribute in the code and you can have multiple of these container elements in the containers segment. The ‘type’ element in line 10 basically says: ‘When Unity requests to resolve the alias IProduct, return an instance of whatever the short-name of Product points to’. This is the most basic piece of Unity pattern and all of this is accomplished purely through configuration. So, in future you have a change in your model, all you need to do is - implement IProduct on the new model class and - either add a typeAlias for the new type and point the mapTo attribute to the new alias declared - or modify the mapTo attribute of the type element to point to the new alias (as the case may be). Now for the calling code. It’s a good idea to store your unity container details in the Application cache, as this is rarely bound to change and also adds for better performance. The Global.asax.cs file comes for our rescue: 1: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) 2: { 3: // create and populate a new Unity container from configuration 4: IUnityContainer unityContainer = new UnityContainer(); 5: UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity"); 6: section.Containers["unityContainer"].Configure(unityContainer); 7: Application["UnityContainer"] = unityContainer; 8: } 9:  10: protected void Application_End(object sender, EventArgs e) 11: { 12: Application["UnityContainer"] = null; 13: } All this says is: create an instance of UnityContainer() and read the ‘unity’ section from the configSections segment of the web.config file. Then get the container named ‘unityContainer’ and store it in the Application cache. In my code-behind file, I’ll make use of this UnityContainer to create an instance of the Product type. 1: public partial class _Default : Page 2: { 3: private IUnityContainer unityContainer; 4: protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 5: { 6: unityContainer = Application["UnityContainer"] as IUnityContainer; 7: if (unityContainer == null) 8: { 9: productDetailsLabel.Text = "ERROR: Unity Container not populated in Global.asax.<p />"; 10: } 11: else 12: { 13: IProduct productInstance = unityContainer.Resolve<IProduct>(); 14: productDetailsLabel.Text = productInstance.WriteProductDetails(); 15: } 16: } 17: } Looking the ‘else’ block, I’m asking the unityContainer object to resolve the IProduct type. All this does, is to look at the matching type in the container, read its mapTo attribute value, get the full name from the alias and create an instance of the Product class. Fabulous!! I’ll go more in detail in the next blog. The code for this blog can be found here.

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• Redirect network logs from syslog to another file

  - by w0rldart

  I keep logging way to much info (not needed, for now) in my syslog, and not daily or hourly... but instant. If I want to watch for something in my syslog I just can't because the network log keeps interfering. So, how can I redirect network logs to another file and/or stop logging it? Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000587] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000599] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000601] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000612] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:33 user kernel: [ 8716.000615] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000714] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000729] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000732] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000747] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:39 user kernel: [ 8722.000751] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:44 user kernel: [ 8726.904025] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003138] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003153] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003157] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003171] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:45 user kernel: [ 8728.003175] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004066] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004079] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004082] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004096] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:51 user kernel: [ 8734.004099] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004108] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004119] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004121] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004132] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.004135] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:01:57 user kernel: [ 8740.436021] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005280] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005294] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005298] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005312] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:02:03 user kernel: [ 8746.005315] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004790] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004804] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004808] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004821] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:02:09 user kernel: [ 8752.004825] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8757.984031] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004078] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004094] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004097] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004112] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:02:15 user kernel: [ 8758.004116] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:02:16 user kernel: [ 8759.492017] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.002179] SCANNING, suspend MSDU transmission ... Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.004291] MlmeScanReqAction -- Send PSM Data frame for off channel RM, SCAN_IN_PROGRESS=1! Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.025055] SYNC - BBP R4 to 20MHz.l Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.027249] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#1(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF1, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.170206] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#2(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF1, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.318211] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#3(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF2, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.462269] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#4(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF2, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.606229] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#5(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF3, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:19 user kernel: [ 8762.750202] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#6(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=25, 2T), N=0xF3, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8762.894217] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#7(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF4, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.038202] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#11(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040194] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040199] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 03a3:037e Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040387] SYNC - End of SCAN, restore to channel 11, Total BSS[03] Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040400] ScanNextChannel -- Send PSM Data frame Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040402] bFastRoamingScan ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Get back to send data ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.040405] SCAN done, resume MSDU transmission ... Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.047022] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:20 user kernel: [ 8763.047026] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 03a3:03a5 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.898130] bImprovedScan ............. Resume for bImprovedScan, SCAN_PENDING .............. Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.898143] SCANNING, suspend MSDU transmission ... Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.900245] MlmeScanReqAction -- Send PSM Data frame for off channel RM, SCAN_IN_PROGRESS=1! Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.921144] SYNC - BBP R4 to 20MHz.l Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.923339] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#8(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF4, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8763.996019] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.066221] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#9(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF5, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.210212] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#10(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF5, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.215536] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.215542] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 0457:0452 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.244000] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.244004] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 0459:0456 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.253019] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.253023] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045c:0458 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.256677] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.256681] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045c:045b Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.259785] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.259788] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045d:045b Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.280467] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.280471] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045f:045c Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.282189] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.282192] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 045f:045e Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.354204] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#11(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.356408] ScanNextChannel():Send PWA NullData frame to notify the associated AP! Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.498202] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#12(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x07, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:21 user kernel: [ 8764.642210] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#13(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=28, 2T), N=0xF7, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.790229] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#14(RF=8, Pwr0=30, Pwr1=28, 2T), N=0xF8, K=0x04, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.934238] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#11(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.935243] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.935249] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 048e:0485 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.936423] SYNC - End of SCAN, restore to channel 11, Total BSS[05] Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.936436] ScanNextChannel -- Send PSM Data frame Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.936440] SCAN done, resume MSDU transmission ... Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.940529] RT35xx: SwitchChannel#11(RF=8, Pwr0=29, Pwr1=26, 2T), N=0xF6, K=0x02, R=0x02 Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.942178] CntlEnqueueForRecv(): BAR-Wcid(1), Tid (0) Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.942182] BAR(1) : Tid (0) - 0493:048e Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.942715] CNTL - All roaming failed, restore to channel 11, Total BSS[05] Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.948016] MMCHK - No BEACON. restore R66 to the low bound(56) Dec 10 17:02:22 user kernel: [ 8764.948307] ===>rt_ioctl_giwscan. 5(5) BSS returned, data->length = 1111 Dec 10 17:02:23 user kernel: [ 8766.048073] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:23 user kernel: [ 8766.552034] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001180] MediaState is connected Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001197] ==>rt_ioctl_giwmode(mode=2) Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001201] ==>rt_ioctl_giwfreq 11 Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001219] rt28xx_get_wireless_stats ---> Dec 10 17:02:27 user kernel: [ 8770.001223] <--- rt28xx_get_wireless_stats Dec 10 17:02:28 user kernel: [ 8771.564020] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate Dec 10 17:02:29 user kernel: [ 8772.064031] QuickDRS: TxTotalCnt <= 15, train back to original rate

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• How to Sync Any Folder With SkyDrive on Windows 8.1

  - by Chris Hoffman

  Before Windows 8.1, it was possible to sync any folder on your computer with SkyDrive using symbolic links. This method no longer works now that SkyDrive is baked into Windows 8.1, but there are other tricks you can use. Creating a symbolic link or directory junction inside your SkyDrive folder will give you an empty folder in your SkyDrive cloud storage. Confusingly, the files will appear inside the SkyDrive Modern app as if they were being synced, but they aren’t. The Solution With SkyDrive refusing to understand and accept symbolic links in its own folder, the best option is probably to use symbolic links anyway — but in reverse. For example, let’s say you have a program that automatically saves important data to a folder anywhere on your hard drive — whether it’s C:\Users\USER\Documents\, C:\Program\Data, or anywhere else. Rather than trying to trick SkyDrive into understanding a symbolic link, we could instead move the actual folder itself to SkyDrive and then use a symbolic link at the folder’s original location to trick the original program. This may not work for every single program out there. But it will likely work for most programs, which use standard Windows API calls to access folders and save files. We’re just flipping the old solution here — we can’t trick SkyDrive anymore, so let’s try to trick other programs instead. Moving a Folder and Creating a Symbolic Link First, ensure no program is using the external folder. For example, if it’s a program data or settings folder, close the program that’s using the folder. Next, simply move the folder to your SkyDrive folder. Right-click the external folder, select Cut, go to the SkyDrive folder, right-click and select Paste. The folder will now be located in the SkyDrive folder itself, so it will sync normally. Next, open a Command Prompt window as Administrator. Right-click the Start button on the taskbar or press Windows Key + X and select Command Prompt (Administrator) to open it. Run the following command to create a symbolic link at the original location of the folder: mklink /d “C:\Original\Folder\Location” “C:\Users\NAME\SkyDrive\FOLDERNAME\” Enter the correct paths for the exact location of the original folder and the current location of the folder in your SkyDrive. Windows will then create a symbolic link at the folder’s original location. Most programs should hopefully be tricked by this symbolic location, saving their files directly to SkyDrive. You can test this yourself. Put a file into the folder at its original location. It will be saved to SkyDrive and sync normally, appearing in your SkyDrive storage online. One downside here is that you won’t be able to save a file onto SkyDrive without it taking up space on the same hard drive SkyDrive is on. You won’t be able to scatter folders across multiple hard drives and sync them all. However, you could always change the location of the SkyDrive folder on Windows 8.1 and put it on a drive with a larger amount of free space. To do this, right-click the SkyDrive folder in File Explorer, select Properties, and use the options on the Location tab. You could even use Storage Spaces to combine the drives into one larger drive. Automatically Copy the Original Files to SkyDrive Another option would be to run a program that automatically copies files from another folder on your computer to your SkyDrive folder. For example, let’s say you want to sync copies of important log files that a program creates in a specific folder. You could use a program that allows you to schedule automatic folder-mirroring, configuring the program to regularly copy the contents of your log folder to your SkyDrive folder. This may be a useful alternative for some use cases, although it isn’t the same as standard syncing. You’ll end up with two copies of the files taking up space on your system, which won’t be ideal for large files. The files also won’t be instantly uploaded to your SkyDrive storage after they’re created, but only after the scheduled task runs. There are many options for this, including Microsoft’s own SyncToy, which continues to work on Windows 8. If you were using the symbolic link trick to automatically sync copies of PC game save files with SkyDrive, you could just install GameSave Manager. It can be configured to automatically create backup copies of your computer’s PC game save files on a schedule, saving them to SkyDrive where they’ll be synced and backed up online. SkyDrive support was completely rewritten for Windows 8.1, so it’s not surprising that this trick no longer works. The ability to use symbolic links in previous versions of SkyDrive was never officially supported, so it’s not surprising to see it break after a rewrite. None of the methods above are as convenient and quick as the old symbolic link method, but they’re the best we can do with the SkyDrive integration Microsoft has given us in Windows 8.1. It’s still possible to use symbolic links to easily sync other folders with competing cloud storage services like Dropbox and Google Drive, so you may want to consider switching away from SkyDrive if this feature is critical to you.     

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• Disable .htaccess from apache allowoverride none, still reads .htaccess files

  - by John Magnolia

  I have moved all of our .htaccess config into <Directory> blocks and set AllowOverride None in the default and default-ssl. Although after restarting apache it is still reading the .htaccess files. How can I completely turn off reading these files? Update of all files with "AllowOverride" /etc/apache2/mods-available/userdir.conf <IfModule mod_userdir.c> UserDir public_html UserDir disabled root <Directory /home/*/public_html> AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Limit> <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> Order deny,allow Deny from all </LimitExcept> </Directory> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/mods-available/alias.conf <IfModule alias_module> # # Aliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is # Alias fakename realname # # Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will # require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this # example, only "/icons/". If the fakename is slash-terminated, then the # realname must also be slash terminated, and if the fakename omits the # trailing slash, the realname must also omit it. # # We include the /icons/ alias for FancyIndexed directory listings. If # you do not use FancyIndexing, you may comment this out. # Alias /icons/ "/usr/share/apache2/icons/" <Directory "/usr/share/apache2/icons"> Options Indexes MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/httpd.conf # # Directives to allow use of AWStats as a CGI # Alias /awstatsclasses "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/classes/" Alias /awstatscss "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/css/" Alias /awstatsicons "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/icon/" ScriptAlias /awstats/ "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/cgi-bin/" # # This is to permit URL access to scripts/files in AWStats directory. # <Directory "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot"> Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /awstats-icon/ /usr/share/awstats/icon/ <Directory /usr/share/awstats/icon> Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/ssl_access.log combined # SSL Engine Switch: # Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host. SSLEngine on # A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing # the ssl-cert package. See # /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/README.Debian.gz for more info. # If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the # SSLCertificateFile directive is needed. SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key # Server Certificate Chain: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the # concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the # certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile # when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server # certificate for convinience. #SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/server-ca.crt # Certificate Authority (CA): # Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA # certificates for client authentication or alternatively one # huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCACertificatePath /etc/ssl/certs/ #SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt # Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL): # Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client # authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all # of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCARevocationPath /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ #SSLCARevocationFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl # Client Authentication (Type): # Client certificate verification type and depth. Types are # none, optional, require and optional_no_ca. Depth is a # number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate # issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid. #SSLVerifyClient require #SSLVerifyDepth 10 # Access Control: # With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based # on arbitrary complex boolean expressions containing server # variable checks and other lookup directives. The syntax is a # mixture between C and Perl. See the mod_ssl documentation # for more details. #<Location /> #SSLRequire ( %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)/ \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq "Snake Oil, Ltd." \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {"Staff", "CA", "Dev"} \ # and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} <= 5 \ # and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} <= 20 ) \ # or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/ #</Location> # SSL Engine Options: # Set various options for the SSL engine. # o FakeBasicAuth: # Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation. This means that # the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control. The # user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate. # Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user # file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'. # o ExportCertData: # This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and # SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the # server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client # authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates # into CGI scripts. # o StdEnvVars: # This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables. # Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons, # because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually # useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the # exportation for CGI and SSI requests only. # o StrictRequire: # This denies access when "SSLRequireSSL" or "SSLRequire" applied even # under a "Satisfy any" situation, i.e. when it applies access is denied # and no other module can change it. # o OptRenegotiate: # This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL # directives are used in per-directory context. #SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$"> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </FilesMatch> <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </Directory> # SSL Protocol Adjustments: # The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown # approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for # the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown # approach you can use one of the following variables: # o ssl-unclean-shutdown: # This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no # SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received. This violates # the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use # this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where # mod_ssl sends the close notify alert. # o ssl-accurate-shutdown: # This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a # SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify # alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in # practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use # this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation # works correctly. # Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP # keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable # keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this. # Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround # their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and # "force-response-1.0" for this. BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 # MSIE 7 and newer should be able to use keepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown </VirtualHost> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /delboy /usr/share/phpmyadmin <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin> # Restrict phpmyadmin access Order Deny,Allow Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> /etc/apache2/conf.d/security # # Disable access to the entire file system except for the directories that # are explicitly allowed later. # # This currently breaks the configurations that come with some web application # Debian packages. # #<Directory /> # AllowOverride None # Order Deny,Allow # Deny from all #</Directory> # Changing the following options will not really affect the security of the # server, but might make attacks slightly more difficult in some cases. # # ServerTokens # This directive configures what you return as the Server HTTP response # Header. The default is 'Full' which sends information about the OS-Type # and compiled in modules. # Set to one of: Full | OS | Minimal | Minor | Major | Prod # where Full conveys the most information, and Prod the least. # #ServerTokens Minimal ServerTokens OS #ServerTokens Full # # Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host # name to server-generated pages (internal error documents, FTP directory # listings, mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated # documents or custom error documents). # Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin. # Set to one of: On | Off | EMail # #ServerSignature Off ServerSignature On # # Allow TRACE method # # Set to "extended" to also reflect the request body (only for testing and # diagnostic purposes). # # Set to one of: On | Off | extended # TraceEnable Off #TraceEnable On /etc/apache2/apache2.conf # # Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool. # # This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about # the directives. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: # 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a # whole (the 'global environment'). # 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, # which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. # These directives also provide default values for the settings # of all virtual hosts. # 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to # different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the # same Apache server process. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "foo.log" # with ServerRoot set to "/etc/apache2" will be interpreted by the # server as "/etc/apache2/foo.log". # ### Section 1: Global Environment # # The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, # such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it # can find its configuration files. # # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # #ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 4 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 500 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadLimit: ThreadsPerChild can be changed to this maximum value during a # graceful restart. ThreadLimit can only be changed by stopping # and starting Apache. # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf # Include all the user configurations: Include httpd.conf # Include ports listing Include ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements Include conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include sites-enabled/

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• Apache2 return 404 for proxy requests before reaching WSGI

  - by Alejandro Mezcua

  I have a Django app running under Apache2 and mod_wsgi and, unfortunately, lots of requests trying to use the server as a proxy. The server is responding OK with 404 errors but the errors are generated by the Django (WSGI) app, which causes a high CPU usage. If I turn off the app and let Apache handle the response directly (send a 404), the CPU usage drops to almost 0 (mod_proxy is not enabled). Is there a way to configure Apache to respond directly to this kind of requests with an error before the request hits the WSGI app? I have seen that maybe mod_security would be an option, but I'd like to know if I can do it without it. EDIT. I'll explain it a bit more. In the logs I have lots of connections trying to use the server as a web proxy (e.g. connections like GET http://zzz.zzz/ HTTP/1.1 where zzz.zzz is an external domain, not mine). This requests are passed on to mod_wsgi which then return a 404 (as per my Django app). If I disable the app, as mod_proxy is disabled, Apache returns the error directly. What I'd finally like to do is prevent Apache from passing the request to the WSGI for invalid domains, that is, if the request is a proxy request, directly return the error and not execute the WSGI app. EDIT2. Here is the apache2 config, using VirtualHosts files in sites-enabled (i have removed email addresses and changed IPs to xxx, change the server alias to sample.sample.xxx). What I'd like is for Apache to reject any request that doesn't go to sample.sample.xxx with and error, that is, accept only relative requests to the server or fully qualified only to the actual ServerAlias. default: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName X.X.X.X ServerAlias X.X.X.X DocumentRoot /var/www/default <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ErrorDocument 404 "404" ErrorDocument 403 "403" ErrorDocument 500 "500" ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> actual host: <VirtualHost *:80> ErrorDocument 404 "404" ErrorDocument 403 "403" ErrorDocument 500 "500" WSGIScriptAlias / /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/django.wsgi ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerAlias sample.sample.xxx ServerName sample.sample.xxx CustomLog /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/log/sample.sample.xxx-access.log combined Alias /robots.txt /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/static/robots.txt Alias /favicon.ico /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/static/favicon.ico AliasMatch ^/([^/]*\.css) /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/static/$1 Alias /static/ /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/static/ Alias /media/ /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/media/ <Directory /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/static/> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> <Directory /var/www/sample.sample.xxx/media/> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost>

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• Create a Self Signed Sertificate on WLS 10.3.5 Supporting SHA 256 Algorthim.

  - by adejuanc

  1) Set domain to call the keytool $. setDomainEnv.sh 2) Generate the key $ keytool -genkey -alias selfsignedcert -keyalg RSA -sigalg SHA256withRSA -keypass privatepassword -keystore identity.jks -storepass password -validity 365 What is your first and last name? [Unknown]: adejuan-desktop.cl.oracle.com What is the name of your organizational unit? [Unknown]: a What is the name of your organization? [Unknown]: e What is the name of your City or Locality? [Unknown]: i What is the name of your State or Province? [Unknown]: o What is the two-letter country code for this unit? [Unknown]: U Is CN=adejuan-desktop.cl.oracle.com, OU=a, O=e, L=i, ST=o, C=U correct? [no]: yes 3) Export the root certificate $ keytool -export -alias selfsignedcert -sigalg SHA256withRSA -file root.cer -keystore identity.jks Enter keystore password: Certificate stored in file <root.cer> 4) Import the root certificate to the trust store $ keytool -import -alias selfsignedcert -sigalg SHA256withRSA -trustcacerts -file root.cer -keystore trust.jks Enter keystore password: Re-enter new password: Owner: CN=adejuan-desktop.cl.oracle.com, OU=a, O=e, L=i, ST=o, C=U Issuer: CN=adejuan-desktop.cl.oracle.com, OU=a, O=e, L=i, ST=o, C=U Serial number: 4f17459a Valid from: Wed Jan 16 15:33:22CLST 2012 until: Thu Jan 15 15:33:22 CLST 2013 Certificate fingerprints: MD5: 7F:08:FA:DE:CD:D5:C3:D3:83:ED:B8:4F:F2:DA:4E:A1 SHA1: 87:E4:7C:B8:D7:1A:90:53:FE:1B:70:B6:32:22:5B:83:29:81:53:4B Signature algorithm name: SHA256withRSA Version: 3 Trust this certificate? [no]: yes Certificate was added to keystore 5) To check the contents of the keystore keytool -v -list -keystore identity.jks Enter keystore password: ***************** WARNING WARNING WARNING ***************** * The integrity of the information stored in your keystore * * has NOT been verified! In order to verify its integrity, * * you must provide your keystore password. * ***************** WARNING WARNING WARNING ***************** Keystore type: JKS Keystore provider: SUN Your keystore contains 1 entry Alias name: selfsignedcert Creation date: Jan 18, 2012 Entry type: PrivateKeyEntry Certificate chain length: 1 Certificate[1]: Owner: CN=adejuan-desktop.cl.oracle.com, OU=a, O=e, L=i, ST=o, C=U Issuer: CN=adejuan-desktop.cl.oracle.com, OU=a, O=e, L=i, ST=o, C=U Serial number: 4f17459a Valid from: Wed Jan 16 15:42:16CLST 2012 until: Thu Jan 15 15:42:16 CLST 2013 Certificate fingerprints: MD5: 7F:08:FA:DE:CD:D5:C3:D3:83:ED:B8:4F:F2:DA:4E:A1 SHA1: 87:E4:7C:B8:D7:1A:90:53:FE:1B:70:B6:32:22:5B:83:29:81:53:4B Signature algorithm name: SHA256withRSA Version: 3 ******************************************* ******************************************* 6) In some cases, this parameter is needed in the server start up parameters. -Dweblogic.ssl.JSSEEnabled=true Otherwise, enable it from the Server configuration -> SSL -> Use JSSE checkbox.

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• HyperV integration services v3.4 for 12.10?

  - by nlee

  Networking is sloooow with v3.1 How to upgrade to Integration Services v3.4 in 12.10? modinfo output in 12.10 filename: /lib/modules/3.5.0-17-generic/kernel/drivers/hv/hv_vmbus.ko version: 3.1 license: GPL srcversion: B1AA963EEFBAE322D970F14 alias: acpi*:VMBus:* alias: acpi*:VMBUS:* depends: intree: Y vermagic: 3.5.0-17-generic SMP mod_unload modversions

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• Self-signed certificates for a known community

  - by costlow

  Recently announced changes scheduled for Java 7 update 51 (January 2014) have established that the default security slider will require code signatures and the Permissions Manifest attribute. Code signatures are a common practice recommended in the industry because they help determine that the code your computer will run is the same code that the publisher created. This post is written to help users that need to use self-signed certificates without involving a public Certificate Authority. The role of self-signed certificates within a known community You may still use self-signed certificates within a known community. The difference between self-signed and purchased-from-CA is that your users must import your self-signed certificate to indicate that it is valid, whereas Certificate Authorities are already trusted by default. This works for known communities where people will trust that my certificate is mine, but does not scale widely where I cannot actually contact or know the systems that will need to trust my certificate. Public Certificate Authorities are widely trusted already because they abide by many different requirements and frequent checks. An example would be students in a university class sharing their public certificates on a mailing list or web page, employees publishing on the intranet, or a system administrator rolling certificates out to end-users. Managed machines help this because you can automate the rollout, but they are not required -- the major point simply that people will trust and import your certificate. How to distribute self-signed certificates for a known community There are several steps required to distribute a self-signed certificate to users so that they will properly trust it. These steps are: Creating a public/private key pair for signing. Exporting your public certificate for others Importing your certificate onto machines that should trust you Verify work on a different machine Creating a public/private key pair for signing Having a public/private key pair will give you the ability both to sign items yourself and issue a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) to a certificate authority. Create your public/private key pair by following the instructions for creating key pairs.Every Certificate Authority that I looked at provided similar instructions, but for the sake of cohesiveness I will include the commands that I used here: Generate the key pair.keytool -genkeypair -alias erikcostlow -keyalg EC -keysize 571 -validity 730 -keystore javakeystore_keepsecret.jks Provide a good password for this file. The alias "erikcostlow" is my name and therefore easy to remember. Substitute your name of something like "mykey." The sigalg of EC (Elliptical Curve) and keysize of 571 will give your key a good strong lifetime. All keys are set to expire. Two years or 730 days is a reasonable compromise between not-long-enough and too-long. Most public Certificate Authorities will sign something for one to five years. You will be placing your keys in javakeystore_keepsecret.jks -- this file will contain private keys and therefore should not be shared. If someone else gets these private keys, they can impersonate your signature. Please be cautious about automated cloud backup systems and private key stores. Answer all the questions. It is important to provide good answers because you will stick with them for the "-validity" days that you specified above.What is your first and last name?  [Unknown]:  First LastWhat is the name of your organizational unit?  [Unknown]:  Line of BusinessWhat is the name of your organization?  [Unknown]:  MyCompanyWhat is the name of your City or Locality?  [Unknown]:  City NameWhat is the name of your State or Province?  [Unknown]:  CAWhat is the two-letter country code for this unit?  [Unknown]:  USIs CN=First Last, OU=Line of Business, O=MyCompany, L=City, ST=CA, C=US correct?  [no]:  yesEnter key password for <erikcostlow>        (RETURN if same as keystore password): Verify your work:keytool -list -keystore javakeystore_keepsecret.jksYou should see your new key pair. Exporting your public certificate for others Public Key Infrastructure relies on two simple concepts: the public key may be made public and the private key must be private. By exporting your public certificate, you are able to share it with others who can then import the certificate to trust you. keytool -exportcert -keystore javakeystore_keepsecret.jks -alias erikcostlow -file erikcostlow.cer To verify this, you can open the .cer file by double-clicking it on most operating systems. It should show the information that you entered during the creation prompts. This is the file that you will share with others. They will use this certificate to prove that artifacts signed by this certificate came from you. If you do not manage machines directly, place the certificate file on an area that people within the known community should trust, such as an intranet page. Import the certificate onto machines that should trust you In order to trust the certificate, people within your known network must import your certificate into their keystores. The first step is to verify that the certificate is actually yours, which can be done through any band: email, phone, in-person, etc. Known networks can usually do this Determine the right keystore: For an individual user looking to trust another, the correct file is within that user’s directory.e.g. USER_HOME\AppData\LocalLow\Sun\Java\Deployment\security\trusted.certs For system-wide installations, Java’s Certificate Authorities are in JAVA_HOMEe.g. C:\Program Files\Java\jre8\lib\security\cacerts File paths for Mac and Linux are included in the link above. Follow the instructions to import the certificate into the keystore. keytool -importcert -keystore THEKEYSTOREFROMABOVE -alias erikcostlow -file erikcostlow.cer In this case, I am still using my name for the alias because it’s easy for me to remember. You may also use an alias of your company name. Scaling distribution of the import The easiest way to apply your certificate across many machines is to just push the .certs or cacerts file onto them. When doing this, watch out for any changes that people would have made to this file on their machines. Trusted.certs: When publishing into user directories, your file will overwrite any keys that the user has added since last update. CACerts: It is best to re-run the import command with each installation rather than just overwriting the file. If you just keep the same cacerts file between upgrades, you will overwrite any CAs that have been added or removed. By re-importing, you stay up to date with changes. Verify work on a different machine Verification is a way of checking on the client machine to ensure that it properly trusts signed artifacts after you have added your signing certificate. Many people have started using deployment rule sets. You can validate the deployment rule set by: Create and sign the deployment rule set on the computer that holds the private key. Copy the deployment rule set on to the different machine where you have imported the signing certificate. Verify that the Java Control Panel’s security tab shows your deployment rule set. Verifying an individual JAR file or multiple JAR files You can test a certificate chain by using the jarsigner command. jarsigner -verify filename.jar If the output does not say "jar verified" then run the following command to see why: jarsigner -verify -verbose -certs filename.jar Check the output for the term “CertPath not validated.”

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• cannot rename files when saving

  - by Botond Vajna

  I am using xubuntu 13.10. Since the last update, when I am saving files I cannot rename other files, there are missing buttons in context menu like rename, cut, copy, etc... let`s say I edited the file named style.css in firefox, and I want to save it, but i do not want to overwrite the original, I want to rename the original for ex: style_orig.css and save the edited file with the name style.css. for doing that I must open thunar, navigate to that file, and rename it, after that, I can save the file from firefox. let`s reformulate this question: if I want to overwrite a file, but preserve the original, then I must make a copy of the original. Well, I can not do this when saving the file from the application, I must open thunar and navigate to that file which is an additional task I have to do. It`s a waste of time.

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• Debugging problems in Visual Studio 2005 - No source code available for the current location

  - by espais

  Hi all I've searched up and down Google for others with a similar problem, and while I can find the error I don't think that other people have the same base problem that I do. Basically, I had to create a project for a unit-testing environment in order to run this test suite. First, I add my original C file, compile, and then a test file (C++) is generated. I then exclude my original source from the project, include this test script (which includes the original source at the top), and then run. I can debug the test file fine, but when it jumps to the original C file I get the dreaded 'no source code available for the current location' error. Both files are located within the same location, and I compiled the original file without any issue. Anybody have any thoughts about this? Its driving me crazy!

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• Wierd Results A/B Test in Google Website Optimizer

  - by Yisroel

  I set up a test in Google Website Optimizer that has a 3 variations - original (A), B, and C. In order to further validate the results of the test, I added a variation C that is exactly the same as the original. And thats where the results get weird. 6 days in to the test, the best performing variation is C. It outperforms the original by 18.4%! How is that possible? Do I now discount the results of this test entirely?

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• JavaOne Session Report: “50 Tips in 50 Minutes for GlassFish Fans”

  - by Janice J. Heiss

  At JavaOne 2012 on Monday, Oracle’s Engineer Chris Kasso, and Technology Evangelist Arun Gupta, presented a head-spinning session (CON4701) in which they offered 50 tips for GlassFish fans. Kasso and Gupta alternated back and forth with each presenting 10 tips at a time. An audience of about (appropriately) 50 attentive and appreciative developers was on hand in what has to be one of the most information-packed sessions ever at JavaOne!Aside: I experienced one of the quiet joys of JavaOne when, just before the session began, I spotted Java Champion and JavaOne Rock Star Adam Bien sitting nearby – Adam is someone I have been fortunate to know for many years.GlassFish is a freely available, commercially supported Java EE reference implementation. The session prioritized quantity of tips over depth of information and offered tips that are intended for both seasoned and new users, that are meant to increase the range of functional options available to GlassFish users. The focus was on lesser-known dimensions of GlassFish. Attendees were encouraged to pursue tips that contained new information for them. All 50 tips can be accessed here.Below are several examples of more elaborate tips and a final practical tip on how to get in touch with these folks. Tip #1: Using the login Command * To execute a remote command with asadmin you must provide the admin's user name and password.* The login command allows you to store the login credentials to be reused in subsequent commands.* Can be logged into multiple servers (distinguish by host and port). Example:     % asadmin --host ouch login     Enter admin user name [default: admin]>     Enter admin password>     Login information relevant to admin user name [admin]     for host [ouch] and admin port [4848] stored at     [/Users/ckasso/.asadminpass] successfully.     Make sure that this file remains protected.     Information stored in this file will be used by     asadmin commands to manage the associated domain.     Command login executed successfully.     % asadmin --host ouch list-clusters     c1 not running     Command list-clusters executed successfully.Tip #4: Using the AS_DEBUG Env Variable* Environment variable to control client side debug output* Exposes: command processing info URL used to access the command:                           http://localhost:4848/__asadmin/uptime Raw response from the server Example:   % export AS_DEBUG=true  % asadmin uptime  CLASSPATH= ./../glassfish/modules/admin-cli.jar  Commands: [uptime]  asadmin extension directory: /work/gf-3.1.2/glassfish3/glassfish/lib/asadm      ------- RAW RESPONSE  ---------   Signature-Version: 1.0   message: Up 7 mins 10 secs   milliseconds_value: 430194   keys: milliseconds   milliseconds_name: milliseconds   use-main-children-attribute: false   exit-code: SUCCESS  ------- RAW RESPONSE  ---------Tip #11: Using Password Aliases * Some resources require a password to access (e.g. DB, JMS, etc.).* The resource connector is defined in the domain.xml.Example:Suppose the DB resource you wish to access requires an entry like this in the domain.xml:     <property name="password" value="secretp@ssword"/>But company policies do not allow you to store the password in the clear.* Use password aliases to avoid storing the password in the domain.xml* Create a password alias:     % asadmin create-password-alias DB_pw_alias     Enter the alias password>     Enter the alias password again>     Command create-password-alias executed successfully.* The password is stored in domain's encrypted keystore.* Now update the password value in the domain.xml:     <property name="password" value="${ALIAS=DB_pw_alias}"/>Tip #21: How to Start GlassFish as a Service * Configuring a server to automatically start at boot can be tedious.* Each platform does it differently.* The create-service command makes this easy.   Windows: creates a Windows service Linux: /etc/init.d script Solaris: Service Management Facility (SMF) service * Must execute create-service with admin privileges.* Can be used for the DAS or instances* Try it first with the --dry-run option.* There is a (unsupported) _delete-serverExample:     # asadmin create-service domain1     The Service was created successfully. Here are the details:     Name of the service:application/GlassFish/domain1     Type of the service:Domain     Configuration location of the service:/work/gf-3.1.2.2/glassfish3/glassfish/domains     Manifest file location on the system:/var/svc/manifest/application/GlassFish/domain1_work_gf-3.1.2.2_glassfish3_glassfish_domains/Domain-service-smf.xml.     You have created the service but you need to start it yourself. Here are the most typical Solaris commands of interest:     * /usr/bin/svcs  -a | grep domain1  // status     * /usr/sbin/svcadm enable domain1 // start     * /usr/sbin/svcadm disable domain1 // stop     * /usr/sbin/svccfg delete domain1 // uninstallTip #34: Posting a Command via REST* Use wget/curl to execute commands on the DAS.Example:  Deploying an application   % curl -s -S \       -H 'Accept: application/json' -X POST \       -H 'X-Requested-By: anyvalue' \       -F id=@/path/to/application.war \       -F force=true http://localhost:4848/management/domain/applications/application* Use @ before a file name to tell curl to send the file's contents.* The force option tells GlassFish to force the deployment in case the application is already deployed.* Use wget/curl to execute commands on the DAS.Example:  Deploying an application   % curl -s -S \       -H 'Accept: application/json' -X POST \       -H 'X-Requested-By: anyvalue' \       -F id=@/path/to/application.war \       -F force=true http://localhost:4848/management/domain/applications/application* Use @ before a file name to tell curl to send the file's contents.* The force option tells GlassFish to force the deployment in case the application is already deployed.Tip #46: Upgrading to a Newer Version * Upgrade applications and configuration from an earlier version* Upgrade Tool: Side-by-side upgrade– GUI: asupgrade– CLI: asupgrade --c– What happens ?* Copies older source domain -> target domain directory* asadmin start-domain --upgrade* Update Tool and pkg: In-place upgrade– GUI: updatetool, install all Available Updates– CLI: pkg image-update– Upgrade the domain* asadmin start-domain --upgradeTip #50: How to reach us?* GlassFish Forum: http://www.java.net/forums/glassfish/glassfish* [email protected]* @glassfish* facebook.com/glassfish* youtube.com/GlassFishVideos* blogs.oracle.com/theaquariumArun Gupta acknowledged that their method of presentation was experimental and actively solicited feedback about the session. The best way to reach them is on the GlassFish user forum.In addition, check out Gupta’s new book Java EE 6 Pocket Guide.

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• Wierd Results A/B Test in Google Website Optimizer

  - by Yisroel

  I set up a test in Google Website Optimizer that has a 3 variations - original (A), B, and C. In order to further validate the results of the test, I added a variation C that is exactly the same as the original. And thats where the results get weird. 6 days in to the test, the best performing variation is C. It outperforms the original by 18.4%! How is that possible? Do I now discount the results of this test entirely?

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• Application specific environment variable settings

  - by SuperElectric

  I'm trying to work around a known bug in Ubuntu 9.10, where using the scrollbar in emacs causes text to be highlighted, and the cursor to move. This page here shows that you can fix this by setting an environment variable before launching emacs: $ GDK_NATIVE_WINDOWS=1 emacs So a lazy fix would be to alias "emacs" in my .bashrc: alias emacs="GDK_NATIVE_WINDOWS=1 emacs" This, however, has the drawback of setting this environment variable for all subsequent commands run from that shell. Is there any way to set GDK_NATIVE_WINDOWS=1 for just emacs, whenever I run emacs?

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• Weird Results A/B Test in Google Website Optimizer

  - by Yisroel

  I set up a test in Google Website Optimizer that has a 3 variations - original (A), B, and C. In order to further validate the results of the test, I added a variation C that is exactly the same as the original. And thats where the results get weird. 6 days into the test, the best performing variation is C. It outperforms the original by 18.4%! How is that possible? Do I now discount the results of this test entirely?

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• Accessing a storage-side snapshot of a cluster-shared volume

  - by syneticon-dj

  From time to time I am in the situation where I need to get data back from storage-side snapshots of cluster shared volumes. I suppose I just never figured out a way to do it right, so I always needed to: expose the shadow copy as a separate LUN offline the original CSV in the cluster un-expose the LUN carrying the original CSV make sure my cluster nodes have detected the new LUN and no longer list the original one add the volume to the list of cluster volumes, promote it to be a CSV copy off the data I need undo steps 5. - 1. to revert to the original configuration This is quite tedious and requires downtime for the original volume. Is there a better way to do this without involving a separate host outside of the cluster?

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• Using Unity – Part 5

  - by nmarun

  In the previous article of the series, I talked about constructor and property (setter) injection. I wanted to write about how to work with arrays and generics in Unity in this blog, after seeing how lengthy this one got, I’ve decided to write about generics in the next one. This one will only concentrate on arrays. My Product4 class has the following definition: 1: public interface IProduct 2: { 3: string WriteProductDetails(); 4: } 5:  6: public class Product4 : IProduct 7: { 8: public string Name { get; set; } 9: public ILogger[] Loggers { get; set; } 10:  11: public Product4(string productName, ILogger[] loggers) 12: { 13: Name = productName; 14: Loggers = loggers; 15: } 16:  17: public string WriteProductDetails() 18: { 19: StringBuilder productDetails = new StringBuilder(); 20: productDetails.AppendFormat("{0}<br/>", Name); 21: for (int i = 0; i < Loggers.Count(); i++) 22: { 23: productDetails.AppendFormat("{0}<br/>", Loggers[i].WriteLog()); 24: } 25: 26: return productDetails.ToString(); 27: } 28: } The key parts are line 4 where we declare an array of ILogger and line 5 where-in the constructor passes an instance of an array of ILogger objects. I’ve created another class – FakeLogger: 1: public class FakeLogger : ILogger 2: { 3: public string WriteLog() 4: { 5: return string.Format("Type: {0}", GetType()); 6: } 7: } It’s implementation is the same as what we had for the FileLogger class. Coming to the web.config file, first add the following aliases. The alias for FakeLogger should make sense right away. ILoggerArray defines an array of ILogger objects. I’ll tell why we need an alias for System.String data type. 1: <typeAlias alias="string" type="System.String, mscorlib" /> 2: <typeAlias alias="ILoggerArray" type="ProductModel.ILogger[], ProductModel" /> 3: <typeAlias alias="FakeLogger" type="ProductModel.FakeLogger, ProductModel"/> Next is to create mappings for the FileLogger and FakeLogger classes: 1: <type type="ILogger" mapTo="FileLogger" name="logger1"> 2: <lifetime type="singleton" /> 3: </type> 4: <type type="ILogger" mapTo="FakeLogger" name="logger2"> 5: <lifetime type="singleton" /> 6: </type> Finally, for the real deal: 1: <type type="IProduct" mapTo="Product4" name="ArrayProduct"> 2: <typeConfig extensionType="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.TypeInjectionElement,Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration, Version=1.2.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35"> 3: <constructor> 4: <param name="productName" parameterType="string" > 5: <value value="Product name from config file" type="string"/> 6: </param> 7: <param name="loggers" parameterType="ILoggerArray"> 8: <array> 9: <dependency name="logger2" /> 10: <dependency name="logger1" /> 11: </array> 12: </param> 13: </constructor> 14: </typeConfig> 15: </type> Here’s where I’m saying, that if a type of IProduct is requested to be resolved, map it to type Product4. Furthermore, the Product4 has two constructor parameters – a string and an array of type ILogger. You might have observed the first parameter of the constructor is named ‘productName’ and that matches the value in the name attribute of the param element. The parameterType of ‘string’ maps to ‘System.String, mscorlib’ and is defined in the type alias above. The set up is similar for the second constructor parameter. The name matches the name of the parameter (loggers) and is of type ILoggerArray, which maps to an array of ILogger objects. We’ve also decided to add two elements to this array when unity resolves it – an instance of FileLogger and one of FakeLogger. The click event of the button does the following: 1: //unityContainer.RegisterType<IProduct, Product4>(); 2: //IProduct product4 = unityContainer.Resolve<IProduct>(); 3: IProduct product4 = unityContainer.Resolve<IProduct>("ArrayConstructor"); 4: productDetailsLabel.Text = product4.WriteProductDetails(); It’s worth mentioning here about the change in the format of resolving the IProduct to create an instance of Product4. You cannot use the regular way (the commented lines) to get an instance of Product4. The reason is due to the behavior of Unity which Alex Ermakov has brilliantly explained here. The corresponding output of the action is: You have a couple of options when it comes to adding dependency elements in the array node. You can: - leave it empty (no dependency elements declared): This will only create an empty array of loggers. This way you can check for non-null condition, in your mock classes. - add multiple dependency elements with the same name 1: <param name="loggers" parameterType="ILoggerArray"> 2: <array> 3: <dependency name="logger2" /> 4: <dependency name="logger2" /> 5: </array> 6: </param> With this you’ll see two instances of FakeLogger in the output. This article shows how Unity allows you to instantiate objects with arrays. Find the code here.

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• rsync invocation to replace symlinks pointing to source?

  - by bdbaddog

  Currently I'm moving a big filesystem to a new server as the original fileserver is no longer able to handle the filesystem writes. To make this quick I made symlinks at the target filesystem pointing to the original filesystem. Initially: /company/release (mountpoint of the original filesystem) After migration: /company/release.old (points to original filesystem after automount map update) /company/release (points to new fileserver/filesystem after automount map update) In /company/release there are symlinks like the following: /company/release/product-1.0.tar.gz - /company/release.old/product-1.0.tar.gz /company/release/product-1.0 - /company/release.old/product-1.0 (this is a tree of files) Using symlinks allowed me to move the writes to the new filesystem quickly. Now I'd like to slowly migrate the existing files and directories to the new filesystem. The problem I'm running into is that since the symlinks point back at the original files rsync doesn't see any difference and so it doesn't actually copy the file(s) or directory(s) and remove/overwrite the symlinks. Is there a set of rsync flags which will do what I want?

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• Conway's Game of Life - C++ and Qt

  - by Jeff Bridge

  I've done all of the layouts and have most of the code written even. But, I'm stuck in two places. 1) I'm not quite sure how to set up the timer. Am I using it correctly in the gridwindow class? And, am I used the timer functions/signals/slots correctly with the other gridwindow functions. 2) In GridWindow's timerFired() function, I'm having trouble checking/creating the vector-vectors. I wrote out in the comments in that function exactly what I am trying to do. Any help would be much appreciated. main.cpp // Main file for running the grid window application. #include <QApplication> #include "gridwindow.h" //#include "timerwindow.h" #include <stdexcept> #include <string> #include <fstream> #include <sstream> #include <iostream> void Welcome(); // Welcome Function - Prints upon running program; outputs program name, student name/id, class section. void Rules(); // Rules Function: Prints the rules for Conway's Game of Life. using namespace std; // A simple main method to create the window class and then pop it up on the screen. int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { Welcome(); // Calls Welcome function to print student/assignment info. Rules(); // Prints Conway's Game Rules. QApplication app(argc, argv); // Creates the overall windowed application. int rows = 25, cols = 35; //The number of rows & columns in the game grid. GridWindow widget(NULL,rows,cols); // Creates the actual window (for the grid). widget.show(); // Shows the window on the screen. return app.exec(); // Goes into visual loop; starts executing GUI. } // Welcome Function: Prints my name/id, my class number, the assignment, and the program name. void Welcome() { cout << endl; cout << "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl; cout << "Name/ID - Gabe Audick #7681539807" << endl; cout << "Class/Assignment - CSCI-102 Disccusion 29915: Homework Assignment #4" << endl; cout << "-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------" << endl << endl; } // Rules Function: Prints the rules for Conway's Game of Life. void Rules() { cout << "Welcome to Conway's Game of Life." << endl; cout << "Game Rules:" << endl; cout << "\t 1) Any living cell with fewer than two living neighbours dies, as if caused by underpopulation." << endl; cout << "\t 2) Any live cell with more than three live neighbours dies, as if by overcrowding." << endl; cout << "\t 3) Any live cell with two or three live neighbours lives on to the next generation." << endl; cout << "\t 4) Any dead cell with exactly three live neighbours becomes a live cell." << endl << endl; cout << "Enjoy." << endl << endl; } gridcell.h // A header file for a class representing a single cell in a grid of cells. #ifndef GRIDCELL_H_ #define GRIDCELL_H_ #include <QPalette> #include <QColor> #include <QPushButton> #include <Qt> #include <QWidget> #include <QFrame> #include <QHBoxLayout> #include <iostream> // An enum representing the two different states a cell can have. enum CellType { DEAD, // DEAD = Dead Cell. --> Color = White. LIVE // LIVE = Living Cell. ---> Color = White. }; /* Class: GridCell. A class representing a single cell in a grid. Each cell is implemented as a QT QFrame that contains a single QPushButton. The button is sized so that it takes up the entire frame. Each cell also keeps track of what type of cell it is based on the CellType enum. */ class GridCell : public QFrame { Q_OBJECT // Macro allowing us to have signals & slots on this object. private: QPushButton* button; // The button inside the cell that gives its clickability. CellType type; // The type of cell (DEAD or LIVE.) public slots: void handleClick(); // Callback for handling a click on the current cell. void setType(CellType type); // Cell type mutator. Calls the "redrawCell" function. signals: void typeChanged(CellType type); // Signal to notify listeners when the cell type has changed. public: GridCell(QWidget *parent = NULL); // Constructor for creating a cell. Takes parent widget or default parent to NULL. virtual ~GridCell(); // Destructor. void redrawCell(); // Redraws cell: Sets new type/color. CellType getType() const; //Simple getter for the cell type. private: Qt::GlobalColor getColorForCellType(); // Helper method. Returns color that cell should be based from its value. }; #endif gridcell.cpp #include <iostream> #include "gridcell.h" #include "utility.h" using namespace std; // Constructor: Creates a grid cell. GridCell::GridCell(QWidget *parent) : QFrame(parent) { this->type = DEAD; // Default: Cell is DEAD (white). setFrameStyle(QFrame::Box); // Set the frame style. This is what gives each box its black border. this->button = new QPushButton(this); //Creates button that fills entirety of each grid cell. this->button->setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Expanding,QSizePolicy::Expanding); // Expands button to fill space. this->button->setMinimumSize(19,19); //width,height // Min height and width of button. QHBoxLayout *layout = new QHBoxLayout(); //Creates a simple layout to hold our button and add the button to it. layout->addWidget(this->button); setLayout(layout); layout->setStretchFactor(this->button,1); // Lets the buttons expand all the way to the edges of the current frame with no space leftover layout->setContentsMargins(0,0,0,0); layout->setSpacing(0); connect(this->button,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(handleClick())); // Connects clicked signal with handleClick slot. redrawCell(); // Calls function to redraw (set new type for) the cell. } // Basic destructor. GridCell::~GridCell() { delete this->button; } // Accessor for the cell type. CellType GridCell::getType() const { return(this->type); } // Mutator for the cell type. Also has the side effect of causing the cell to be redrawn on the GUI. void GridCell::setType(CellType type) { this->type = type; redrawCell(); } // Handler slot for button clicks. This method is called whenever the user clicks on this cell in the grid. void GridCell::handleClick() { // When clicked on... if(this->type == DEAD) // If type is DEAD (white), change to LIVE (black). type = LIVE; else type = DEAD; // If type is LIVE (black), change to DEAD (white). setType(type); // Sets new type (color). setType Calls redrawCell() to recolor. } // Method to check cell type and return the color of that type. Qt::GlobalColor GridCell::getColorForCellType() { switch(this->type) { default: case DEAD: return Qt::white; case LIVE: return Qt::black; } } // Helper method. Forces current cell to be redrawn on the GUI. Called whenever the setType method is invoked. void GridCell::redrawCell() { Qt::GlobalColor gc = getColorForCellType(); //Find out what color this cell should be. this->button->setPalette(QPalette(gc,gc)); //Force the button in the cell to be the proper color. this->button->setAutoFillBackground(true); this->button->setFlat(true); //Force QT to NOT draw the borders on the button } gridwindow.h // A header file for a QT window that holds a grid of cells. #ifndef GRIDWINDOW_H_ #define GRIDWINDOW_H_ #include <vector> #include <QWidget> #include <QTimer> #include <QGridLayout> #include <QLabel> #include <QApplication> #include "gridcell.h" /* class GridWindow: This is the class representing the whole window that comes up when this program runs. It contains a header section with a title, a middle section of MxN cells and a bottom section with buttons. */ class GridWindow : public QWidget { Q_OBJECT // Macro to allow this object to have signals & slots. private: std::vector<std::vector<GridCell*> > cells; // A 2D vector containing pointers to all the cells in the grid. QLabel *title; // A pointer to the Title text on the window. QTimer *timer; // Creates timer object. public slots: void handleClear(); // Handler function for clicking the Clear button. void handleStart(); // Handler function for clicking the Start button. void handlePause(); // Handler function for clicking the Pause button. void timerFired(); // Method called whenever timer fires. public: GridWindow(QWidget *parent = NULL,int rows=3,int cols=3); // Constructor. virtual ~GridWindow(); // Destructor. std::vector<std::vector<GridCell*> >& getCells(); // Accessor for the array of grid cells. private: QHBoxLayout* setupHeader(); // Helper function to construct the GUI header. QGridLayout* setupGrid(int rows,int cols); // Helper function to constructor the GUI's grid. QHBoxLayout* setupButtonRow(); // Helper function to setup the row of buttons at the bottom. }; #endif gridwindow.cpp #include <iostream> #include "gridwindow.h" using namespace std; // Constructor for window. It constructs the three portions of the GUI and lays them out vertically. GridWindow::GridWindow(QWidget *parent,int rows,int cols) : QWidget(parent) { QHBoxLayout *header = setupHeader(); // Setup the title at the top. QGridLayout *grid = setupGrid(rows,cols); // Setup the grid of colored cells in the middle. QHBoxLayout *buttonRow = setupButtonRow(); // Setup the row of buttons across the bottom. QVBoxLayout *layout = new QVBoxLayout(); // Puts everything together. layout->addLayout(header); layout->addLayout(grid); layout->addLayout(buttonRow); setLayout(layout); } // Destructor. GridWindow::~GridWindow() { delete title; } // Builds header section of the GUI. QHBoxLayout* GridWindow::setupHeader() { QHBoxLayout *header = new QHBoxLayout(); // Creates horizontal box. header->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter); this->title = new QLabel("CONWAY'S GAME OF LIFE",this); // Creates big, bold, centered label (title): "Conway's Game of Life." this->title->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter); this->title->setFont(QFont("Arial", 32, QFont::Bold)); header->addWidget(this->title); // Adds widget to layout. return header; // Returns header to grid window. } // Builds the grid of cells. This method populates the grid's 2D array of GridCells with MxN cells. QGridLayout* GridWindow::setupGrid(int rows,int cols) { QGridLayout *grid = new QGridLayout(); // Creates grid layout. grid->setHorizontalSpacing(0); // No empty spaces. Cells should be contiguous. grid->setVerticalSpacing(0); grid->setSpacing(0); grid->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter); for(int i=0; i < rows; i++) //Each row is a vector of grid cells. { std::vector<GridCell*> row; // Creates new vector for current row. cells.push_back(row); for(int j=0; j < cols; j++) { GridCell *cell = new GridCell(); // Creates and adds new cell to row. cells.at(i).push_back(cell); grid->addWidget(cell,i,j); // Adds to cell to grid layout. Column expands vertically. grid->setColumnStretch(j,1); } grid->setRowStretch(i,1); // Sets row expansion horizontally. } return grid; // Returns grid. } // Builds footer section of the GUI. QHBoxLayout* GridWindow::setupButtonRow() { QHBoxLayout *buttonRow = new QHBoxLayout(); // Creates horizontal box for buttons. buttonRow->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter); // Clear Button - Clears cell; sets them all to DEAD/white. QPushButton *clearButton = new QPushButton("CLEAR"); clearButton->setFixedSize(100,25); connect(clearButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(handleClear())); buttonRow->addWidget(clearButton); // Start Button - Starts game when user clicks. Or, resumes game after being paused. QPushButton *startButton = new QPushButton("START/RESUME"); startButton->setFixedSize(100,25); connect(startButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(handleStart())); buttonRow->addWidget(startButton); // Pause Button - Pauses simulation of game. QPushButton *pauseButton = new QPushButton("PAUSE"); pauseButton->setFixedSize(100,25); connect(pauseButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(handlePause())); buttonRow->addWidget(pauseButton); // Quit Button - Exits program. QPushButton *quitButton = new QPushButton("EXIT"); quitButton->setFixedSize(100,25); connect(quitButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), qApp, SLOT(quit())); buttonRow->addWidget(quitButton); return buttonRow; // Returns bottom of layout. } /* SLOT method for handling clicks on the "clear" button. Receives "clicked" signals on the "Clear" button and sets all cells to DEAD. */ void GridWindow::handleClear() { for(unsigned int row=0; row < cells.size(); row++) // Loops through current rows' cells. { for(unsigned int col=0; col < cells[row].size(); col++) { GridCell *cell = cells[row][col]; // Grab the current cell & set its value to dead. cell->setType(DEAD); } } } /* SLOT method for handling clicks on the "start" button. Receives "clicked" signals on the "start" button and begins game simulation. */ void GridWindow::handleStart() { this->timer = new QTimer(this); // Creates new timer. connect(this->timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(timerFired())); // Connect "timerFired" method class to the "timeout" signal fired by the timer. this->timer->start(500); // Timer to fire every 500 milliseconds. } /* SLOT method for handling clicks on the "pause" button. Receives "clicked" signals on the "pause" button and stops the game simulation. */ void GridWindow::handlePause() { this->timer->stop(); // Stops the timer. delete this->timer; // Deletes timer. } // Accessor method - Gets the 2D vector of grid cells. std::vector<std::vector<GridCell*> >& GridWindow::getCells() { return this->cells; } void GridWindow::timerFired() { // I'm not sure how to write this code. // I want to take the original vector-vector, and also make a new, empty vector-vector of the same size. // I would then go through the code below with the original vector, and apply the rules to the new vector-vector. // Finally, I would make the new vector-vecotr the original vector-vector. (That would be one step in the simulation.) cout << cells[1][2]; /* for (unsigned int m = 0; m < original.size(); m++) { for (unsigned int n = 0; n < original.at(m).size(); n++) { unsigned int neighbors = 0; //Begin counting number of neighbors. if (original[m-1][n-1].getType() == LIVE) // If a cell next to [i][j] is LIVE, add one to the neighbor count. neighbors += 1; if (original[m-1][n].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m-1][n+1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m][n-1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m][n+1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m+1][n-1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m+1][n].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m+1][n+1].getType() == LIVE) neighbors += 1; if (original[m][n].getType() == LIVE && neighbors < 2) // Apply game rules to cells: Create new, updated grid with the roundtwo vector. roundtwo[m][n].setType(LIVE); else if (original[m][n].getType() == LIVE && neighbors > 3) roundtwo[m][n].setType(DEAD); else if (original[m][n].getType() == LIVE && (neighbors == 2 || neighbors == 3)) roundtwo[m][n].setType(LIVE); else if (original[m][n].getType() == DEAD && neighbors == 3) roundtwo[m][n].setType(LIVE); } }*/ }

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• Java: split a List into two sub-Lists?

  - by Chris Conway

  What's the simplest, most standard, and/or most efficient way to split a List into two sub-Lists in Java? It's OK to mutate the original List, so no copying should be necessary. The method signature could be /** Split a list into two sublists. The original list will be modified to * have size i and will contain exactly the same elements at indices 0 * through i-1 as it had originally; the returned list will have size * len-i (where len is the size of the original list before the call) * and will have the same elements at indices 0 through len-(i+1) as * the original list had at indices i through len-1. */ <T> List<T> split(List<T> list, int i); [EDIT] List.subList returns a view on the original list, which becomes invalid if the original is modified. So split can't use subList unless it also dispenses with the original reference (or, as in Marc Novakowski's answer, uses subList but immediately copies the result).

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• undefined method `output_data' for #<EventManager:0x007fa4220320c8> (NoMethodError)

  - by Roger Camps

  I keep getting this error: event_manager.rb:83:in': undefined method output_data' for #<EventManager:0x007fc5018320c0> (NoMethodError) I am following the exercise on this website: Here is my code (My error comes towards the end with DEF OUTPUT_DATA ...): # Dependencies require "csv" # Class Definition class EventManager INVALID_PHONE_NUMBER = "0000000000" INVALID_ZIPCODE = "00000" def initialize puts "EventManager Initialized." filename = "event_attendees.csv" @file = CSV.open(filename, {:headers => true, :header_converters => :symbol}) end def print_names @file.each do |line| puts line.inspect puts line[2] + " " + line[3] end end #printing home phone number method def print_numbers @file.each do |line| number = clean_number(line[:homephone]) puts number end end #cleaning numbers method def clean_number(number) cleaner= number.delete('.' + ')' + '(' + '-') if cleaner.length == 10 # Do Nothing elsif cleaner.length == 11 if cleaner.start_with?("1") cleaner = cleaner[1..-1] else cleaner = INVALID_PHONE_NUMBER end else cleaner = INVALID_PHONE_NUMBER end return cleaner end def clean_zipcode(original) if original.nil? zipcode = INVALID_ZIPCODE elsif original.length < 5 while original.length < 5 original = original.insert(0, "0") end else return original end return zipcode end def print_zipcodes @file.each do |line| zipcode = clean_zipcode(line[:zipcode]) puts zipcode end def output_data output = CSV.open("event_attendees_clean.csv", "w") @file.each do |line| output << line end end end end # Script manager = EventManager.new #manager.print_numbers #manager.print_zipcodes manager.output_data I've tried several things, checked all through the internet and I just can't figure it out myself. I will really appreciate any help. Thank you in advance!

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• Getting AWStats to work in Ubuntu 12.04

  - by koogee

  I'm new to apache and i'm trying to set up AWStats on my ubuntu 12.04 server. I've followed the guide at Ubuntu docs https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AWStats I set it up according to the instructions and awstats is able to generate initial stats from apache log successfully. I placed the links to awstats in the default virtual host file. However when I try to run http://server-ip-address:8080/awstats/awstats.pl, I get: Error: SiteDomain parameter not defined in your config/domain file. You must edit it for using this version of AWStats. Setup ('/etc/awstats/awstats.conf' file, web server or permissions) may be wrong. Check config file, permissions and AWStats documentation (in 'docs' directory). Here is my /etc/apache2/sites-available/default file: <VirtualHost *:8080> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /home/saad/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /home/saad/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride AuthConfig Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /awstatsclasses "/usr/share/awstats/lib/" Alias /awstats-icon "/usr/share/awstats/icon/" Alias /awstatscss "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/css" ScriptAlias /awstats/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ Options ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> The only three variables I edited in /etc/awstats/awstats.conf are: LogFile="/var/log/apache2/access.log" SiteDomain="server-name.noip.org" HostAliases="localhost 127.0.0.1 server-name.no-ip.org" The apache server works fine and i'm able to access other pages stored on the server. Any guidance would be welcome.

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