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• What is the best schema design for child collection with a "primary" entity

  - by erg39

  Here is the scenario: You have a Persons table with a one-to-many relationship with an Addresses table, where one of the Address rows is the "primary" Address. Is it better in a normalized schema to Use a Persons.PrimaryAddressID to access the "primary" Address for a Person or Use an Addresses.IsPrimary bit column to reference the "primary" Address for a Person via Addresses.PersonID or Other and why?

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• How do I create a free server-side database to be accessed via Windows forms and/or browser?

  - by NoCatharsis

  I have no formal education in databasing or programming, but I've learned enough SQL, C++, and C# to at least get started setting up a small database on my company's server. Using MS SQL Server 2008 R2, I have created the database and set up columns with proper data types. However, there seems to be a lot of tweaks and details that are way over my head. Since I would like these data to be accessible to the other 7 or 8 people in my office (preferably via web browser), I'm wondering whether this is the best setup for my situation. The other option I've read about is a LAMPP server, which I assume is the competing free option to Microsoft's Express packages. I know nothing of LAMP servers except from the articles I've read on how to set them up (and I believe I even saw a detailed tutorial somewhere). To summarize, my question is this: Which of these (or any other) server setups would best suit my purposes, keeping in mind that I'm a true novice (but willing to learn), and would like to keep it free until I get more experience?

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• Ora-01000 - maximum open cursors exceeded error

  - by PeteDaMeat

  I am receiving the following error message within my Delphi/Oracle application "ora-01000 - maximum open cursors exceeded". The code is as follows: begin for i := 0 to 150 do begin with myADOQuery do begin SQL.Text := 'DELETE FROM SOMETABLE'; ExecSQL; -- from looking at V$OPEN_CURSOR a new cursor is added on each iteration for the session Close; -- thought this would close the cursor but doesn't end; end; end; I'm aware I can resolve the problem by simply increasing the number of OPEN_CURSORS parameters, however, I would rather find a solution whereby the cursor is closed after the query is executed. Any ideas? Delphi 2006 BDS Oracle 10g

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• InnoDB or MyISAM - Why not both?

  - by Skoder

  Hey. I'm new to databases, and I've read various threads about which is better between InnoDB and MyISAM. It seems that the debates are to use or the other. Is it not possible to use both, depending on the table? What would be the disadvantages in doing this? As far as I can tell, the engine can be set during the CREATE TABLE command. Therefore, certain tables which are often read can be set to MyISAM, but tables that need transaction support can use InnoDB. I'm sure there must be a problem, otherwise this would be the ultimate answer :).

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• Is it possible to listen to relational database update?

  - by Morgan Cheng

  Is it possible to listen to relation database update? For example, my web app want to send data update to client through Comet technology. I can have the program to poll the database periodically, but that would not be performant and scalable. If app can hood to a "event handler" of database, then app can get notification every time given database table data is updated. This sounds more promising, but I didn't find any concrete example for it. This is listener pattern. Does common relational database support such feature?

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• Relational MySQL - fetched properties?

  - by Kelso.b

  I'm currently using the following PHP code: // Get all subordinates $subords = array(); $supervisorID = $this->session->userdata('supervisor_id'); $result = $this->db->query(sprintf("SELECT * FROM users WHERE supervisor_id=%d AND id!=%d",$supervisorID, $supervisorID)); $user_list_query = 'user_id='.$supervisorID; foreach($result->result() as $user){ $user_list_query .= ' OR user_id='.$user->id; $subords[$user->id] = $user; } // Get Submissions $submissionsResult = $this->db->query(sprintf("SELECT * FROM submissions WHERE %s", $user_list_query)); $submissions = array(); foreach($submissionsResult->result() as $submission){ $entriesResult = $this->db->query(sprintf("SELECT * FROM submittedentries WHERE timestamp=%d", $submission->timestamp)); $entries = array(); foreach($entriesResult->result() as $entries) $entries[] = $entry; $submissions[] = array( 'user' => $subords[$submission->user_id], 'entries' => $entries ); $entriesResult->free_result(); } Basically I'm getting a list of users that are subordinates of a given supervisor_id (every user entry has a supervisor_id field), then grabbing entries belonging to any of those users. I can't help but think there is a more elegant way of doing this, like SELECT FROM tablename where user->supervisor_id=2222 Is there something like this with PHP/MySQL? Should probably learn relational databases properly sometime. :(

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• How do you store sets in Cassandra?

  - by Ben W

  I'd like to convert this JSON to a data model in Cassandra, where each of the arrays is a set with no duplicates: var data = { "data1": { "100": [1, 2, 3], "200": [3, 4] }, "data2": { "k1", [1], "k2", [4, 5] } } I'd like to query like this: data["data1"]["100"] to retrieve the sets. Anyone know how you might model this in Cassandra? (The only thing I came up with was columns whose name was a set value and the value of the column was an empty string, but that felt wrong.) It's not OK to serialize the sets as JSON or some other string, which would make this much easier. Also, I should note that it's OK to split data1 and data2 into separate ColumnFamilies, it's not necessary that they're keys in the same one.

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• What are some useful SQL statements that should be known by all developers who may touch the Back en

  - by Jian Lin

  What are some useful SQL statements that should be known by all developers who may touch the Back end side of the project? (Update: just like in algorithm, we know there are sorting problems, shuffling problems, and we know some solutions to them. This question is aiming at the same thing). For example, ones I can think of are: Get a list of Employees and their boss. Or one with the employee's salary greater than the boss. (Self-join) Get a list of the most popular Classes registered by students, from the greatest number to the smallest. (Count, group by, order by) Get a list of Classes that are not registered by any students. (Outer join and check whether the match is NULL, or by Get from Classes table, all ClassIDs which are NOT IN (a subquery to get all ClassIDs from the Registrations table)) Are there some SQL statements that should be under the sleeve of all developers that might touch back end data?

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• Whats the best solution for a database used in conjunction with Maps in Android?

  - by Andrew

  Could someone please point me in the right direction. My project involves a database where users enter their address and other info from my website. This database is then referenced in my android application to show the locations of these addresses in my database. I have yet to start and just came up with this idea. My question is, what would be the best method to create a database easily modified through my website (mySQL, php, etc), and also easily referenced easily through Android and the Google Maps API? I need some ideas on the languages I will need to use to create this database and website so I can go buy the necessary books to start reading up. Thanks so much

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• Using "CASE" in Where clause to choose various column harm the performance

  - by zivgabo

  I have query which needs to be dynamic on some of the columns, meaning I get a parameter and according its value I decide which column to fetch in my Where clause. I've implemented this request using "CASE" expression: (CASE @isArrivalTime WHEN 1 THEN ArrivalTime ELSE PickedupTime END) >= DATEADD(mi, -@TZOffsetInMins, @sTime) AND (CASE @isArrivalTime WHEN 1 THEN ArrivalTime ELSE PickedupTime END) < DATEADD(mi, -@TZOffsetInMins, @fTime) If @isArrivalTime = 1 then chose ArrivalTime column else chose PickedupTime column. I have a clustered index on ArrivalTime and nonclustered index on PickedupTime. I've noticed that when I'm using this query (with @isArrivalTime = 1), my performance is a lot worse comparing to only using ArrivalTime. Maybe the query optimizer can't use\choose the index properly in this way? I compared the execution plans an noticed that when I'm using the CASE 32% of the time is being wasted on the index scan, but when I didn't use the CASE(just usedArrivalTime`) only 3% were wasted on this index scan. Anyone know the reason for this?

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• What are prepared statements?

  - by alwayslearning

  What are prepared statements in the context of relational databases? How do they help and when should I consider using them?

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• which is better, creating a materialized view or a new table?

  - by Carson

  I have some demanding mysql queries that are needed to grap same up-to-date datasets from 5-7 mysql tables. I am thinking of creating a table or materialized view to gather all demanding columns from other tables, so as to increase performance. If I create that table, I may need to do extra insert / update / delete operation each time other tables updated. if I create materialized view, I am worrying if the performance can be greatly improved. Because data from other tables are changing very frequently. Most likely, the view may need to be created first everytime before selecting it. Any ideas? e.g. how to cache? other extra measures I can do?

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• What is the proper odbc command for calling Oracle stored procedure with parameters from .Net?

  - by Hamish Grubijan

  In the case of MSFT SQL Server 08, it is: odbcCommand = new OdbcCommand("{call " + SP_NAME + " (?,?,?,?,?,?,?) }", odbcConn); When I try to do the same thing for Oracle, I get: OdbcException: ERROR [HYC00] [Oracle][ODBC]Optional feature not implemented. Feel free to ask for clarification, and please help. I am using .Net 3.5, SQL Server 08, and Oracle 11g_home1. P.S. The Oracle stored procedure does have some 3 more parameters, but I believe I am handling this in my code.

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• DB design : save different details of payment (credit or check)

  - by haim evgi

  my question is: i have a member that can pay in 3 different way credit card check transfer from bank account how design the table that contain the history of payment. the fields of every way is different . if i save all in one table , i have lot of blank field ? what the right way to deal it ?

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• How to use Unique Composite Key

  - by LifeH2O

  I have a table Item(ItemName*, ItemSize*, Price, Notes) I was making composite key of (ItemName,ItemSize) to uniquely identify item. And now after reading some answers on stackoverflow suggesting the use of UNIQUE i revised it as Item(ItemID*, ItemName, ItemSize, Price, Notes) But How to apply UNIQUE constraint on ItemName and ItemSize please correct if there is something wrong in question

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• What are some useful SQL statements / usage patterns that should be known by all developers who may

  - by Jian Lin

  What are some useful SQL statements that should be known by all developers who may touch the Back end side of the project? (Update: just like in algorithm, we know there are sorting problems, shuffling problems, and we know some solutions to them. This question is aiming at the same thing). For example, ones I can think of are: Get a list of Employees and their boss. Or one with the employee's salary greater than the boss. (Self-join) Get a list of the most popular Classes registered by students, from the greatest number to the smallest. (Count, group by, order by) Get a list of Classes that are not registered by any students. (Outer join and check whether the match is NULL, or by Get from Classes table, all ClassIDs which are NOT IN (a subquery to get all ClassIDs from the Registrations table)) Are there some SQL statements that should be under the sleeve of all developers that might touch back end data?

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• My database has been deleted suddenly on the server how to recover it?

  - by user2728312

  I'm running an application on windows server that connect to a SQL Server database. Today, when I opened SQL Server Management Studio, I was surprised the database is not in the list of the databases! I don't know what's the reason. I searched in the server files but I can't find the database and also in the recycle bin. I put my database in C:\db\myWeb.mdf and suddenly it's been removed! Can anyone tell me how to recover the database?

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• Problem with Oracle/SQL ORDER BY Statement

  - by ArneRie

  Hi, i have the following content inside an varchar2 column: 10.1.2.3 10.2.3.4 8.3.4.1 8.3.2.1 4.2.1.3 4.3.2.1 9.3.1.2 When i query the database i need an result ordered: 4.... 8.... 9.... 10... the NLS_SORT parameter is set to german, an simple "order by COLUMN DESC/ASC" is not working like excepted. It returns 10..... 8...... 9...... any suggestions?

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• How to wipe the slate clean on an Oracle installation?

  - by nw

  After a basic, successful installation of Oracle 11g, I ran dbca again to enable Enterprise Manager on my database. The operation hung at around 67% for half an hour or more, so I clicked Stop to abort the operation. Things seemed to wrap up cleanly, EM was working, all was well with the world. Then I started getting this dreaded error upon any attempt to connect in SQL*Plus: ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified I thought perhaps the database had been corrupted due to the earlier aborted operation, so I ran dbca again and deleted the database. Then I attempted to create a new database in its stead, using a clone of the template created the first time around. Unfortunately, the clone database operation fails at 50% with the exact same error: ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified How can I clean up the mess I have created, short of reinstalling Oracle entirely from scratch?

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• oracle display for every stored procedure the execution time

  - by CC

  Hi all. I'm working on a stored procedure. Inside this one, there are many call to the other stored procedures. There are a bunch of them. I was wondering if there is a option to be able to have the execution time of every stored procedure involved, every function (with a start and end time, ior something like that). The idea is that I need to optimise it and I should touch every part, and since I not sure where is the longest execution time, is a bit difficult. And after a modification I would like the see the hole process if it's shorter or not. If I call the procedure from unix, using sql plus, I have no log. If I call it from TOAD, it's blocked until the end. Any idea? I'm not a dba, so I don't have many rights on the database, I'm just a regular user. Thanks for any advice. C.C.

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• How to create schema that have an access as that of dbo and can be accessed by sa user

  - by Shantanu Gupta

  I am new to schema, roles and user management part in sql server. Till now I used to work with simple dbo schema but now after reading few articles I am intrested in creating schema for managing my tables in a folder fashion. At present, I want to create a schema where i want to keep my tables that have same kind of functionality. When I tries to create a schema then I faces a problem while using query, permissions etc. First of all i want to get used to of using schemas then only I want to explore it. But due to initial stages and work pressure as well i m not able to implement it yet. What can i do to start using schema with default permissions as that of dbo. Also let me know about creating roles and assigning roles on these schema. I want all this to be accessible by sa user itself at present. What is the concept behind all these things

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• Fastest way to perform subset test operation on a large collection of sets with same domain

  - by niktech

  Assume we have trillions of sets stored somewhere. The domain for each of these sets is the same. It is also finite and discrete. So each set may be stored as a bit field (eg: 0000100111...) of a relatively short length (eg: 1024). That is, bit X in the bitfield indicates whether item X (of 1024 possible items) is included in the given set or not. Now, I want to devise a storage structure and an algorithm to efficiently answer the query: what sets in the data store have set Y as a subset. Set Y itself is not present in the data store and is specified at run time. Now the simplest way to solve this would be to AND the bitfield for set Y with bit fields of every set in the data store one by one, picking the ones whose AND result matches Y's bitfield. How can I speed this up? Is there a tree structure (index) or some smart algorithm that would allow me to perform this query without having to AND every stored set's bitfield? Are there databases that already support such operations on large collections of sets?

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• SQL Server (2008) Creating link tables with unique rows

  - by peteski22

  Hi guys, I'm having trouble getting in touch with SQL Server Managemen Studio 2008! I want to create a link-table that will link an Event to many Audiences (EventAudience). An example of the data that could be contained: EventId | AudienceId 4 1 5 1 4 2 However, I don't want this: EventId | AudienceId 4 1 4 1 I've been looking at relationships and constraints.. but no joy so far! As a sneaky second part to the question, I would like to set up the Audience table such that if a row is deleted from Audience, it will clear down the EventAudience link table in a cascading manner. As always, ANY help/advice appreciated! Thanks Pete

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• What would be the best schema to store the 'address' for different entities?

  - by Cesar

  Suppose we're making a system where we have to store the addrees for buildings, persons, cars, etc. The address 'format' should be something like: State (From a State list) County (From a County List) Street (free text, like '5th Avenue') Number (free text, like 'Chrysler Building, Floor 10, Office No. 10') (Yes I don't live in U.S.A) What would be the best way to store that info: Should I have a Person_Address, Car_Address, ... Or the address info should be in columns on each entity, Could we have just one address table and try to link each row to a different entity? Or are there another 'better' way to handle this type of scenario? How would yo do it?

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• Best naming for a column in a SQL Server table

  - by Lance Fisher

  Which of the following three options would you choose for a column name in a SQL Server table, and why? YearToDateWages YTDWages YtdWages Follow up: SSN Ssn SocialSecurityNumber

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