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  • page allocation failure - am I running out of memory?

    - by mfriedman
    Lately I've noticing entries like this one in the kern.log of one of my servers: Feb 16 00:24:05 aramis kernel: swapper: page allocation failure. order:0, mode:0x20 This is what I'd like to know: What exactly does that message mean? Is my server running out of memory? The swap usage is quite low (less than 10%), and so far I haven't noticed any processes being killed because of lack of memory. Additional information: The server is a Xen instance (DomU) running Debian 6.0 It has 512 MB of RAM and a 512 MB swap partition CPU load inside the virtual machine shows an average of 0.25

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  • Recursive reset file permissions on Windows

    - by Peter Horvath
    There is a big, complex directory structure on a relative big NTFS partition. Somebody managed to put very bad security privileges onto it - there are directories with randomly given/denied permissions, etc. I already run into permission bugs multiple times, and I found insecure permission settings multiple times (for example, write permissions for "Everyone", or false owners). I don't have time to check everything by hand (it is big). But luckily, my wishes are very simple. The most common: read/write/execute on anything for me, and maybe read for Everyone. Is it possible to somehow remove all security data from a directory and giving my (simple) wishes to overwrite everything there? On Unix, I used a chown -R ..., chmod -R ... command sequence. What is its equivalent on Windows?

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  • Samba 3.3 or later on Slackware 12 - how do I make this happen?

    - by caroulia
    I'm trying to upgrade the Samba server on a Slackware 12 box to serve as PDC for Windows 7 32bit machines (it now has a 3.0.3 and does the job for Win XP machines, but 7 refuses to join the domain - I'm posting this after having tried a few dozen hacks on the windows registry). I'm a newbie on Slackware (I usually dwell in Ubuntu) so I may be going about this the wrong way but this is what I've done so far: The Samba wiki has a couple of hacks for the registry and also seems to suggest a version later than 3.3 (though not in so many words) http://wiki.samba.org/index.php/Windows7 Having scoured the net for later Samba binaries for Slackware 12 and gotten precisely nowhere, I decided that maybe I could compile the blessed thing. But I keep on getting compiler errors. I'm using this SlackBuild script http://ftp.twaren.net/Linux/slackware/slackware-current/source/n/samba/samba.SlackBuild Is there a better way to make this happen? (without upgrading the base system? it has so many finely tuned things running that I don't want to mess with the rest of the setup).

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  • How to (hardware) RAID 10 on Ubuntu 10.04 LTS with 4 drives and motherboard with RAID contoller

    - by lollercoaster
    I have 4 500GB hard drives. I set up a RAID 10 in BIOS, much like shown here: http://www.supermicro.com/manuals/other/RAID_SATA_ESB2.pdf Then I followed these instructions: http://www.unrest.ca/Knowledge-Base/configuring-mdadm-raid10-for-ubuntu-910 Basically I cannot get it to work. I go through the instructions when I get to the "partition" section of the install, creating 4 RAID 1's (2 partitions on each drive, one for primary and one for swap space), then combining to make a RAID 10. Unfortunately it still shows 2 partitions, one 500 GB and another being 36GB for some reason. Any ideas? I think best would be if anyone had found good instructions (step by step) for how to do this...I've been googling for hours and haven't found anything...

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  • Why Both 8GB USB Flash Drives Have Different Integrities?

    - by Boris_yo
    USB 3.0 SuperTalent Express DUO 8GB recently had its partition corrupted and declared itself "write-protected" and I was told in chat by @sidran32 that this usually means that flash drive gone bad due to writing cycles limit being reached. Having this thumbdrive for over a year being used infrequently, I was in doubt and referred to SuperTalent's support. I was given recovery tool which I executed but it failed first time prompting me to reinsert it. After that, I formatted it with Windows 7 integrated format utility since recovery tool offered to do this as well which was successful. The problem as I have noticed is with integrity of SuperTalent: Compare above to SanDisk's Micro Cruzer 8GB: Am I missing something? Both thumbdrives are of 8GB and have same FAT32 file system.

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  • Create NTFS symbolic links from within Linux

    - by rymo
    Is there a Linux utility that can create NTFS symbolic links? That is, a link on an NTFS partition that points to another NTFS folder - one that will work within Windows 7, specifically. I wish to relocate a folder that is normally in-use while Windows is running. This machine can already dual-boot into Ubuntu, so I'd like to leverage that. EDIT: To keep this from potentially turning into "which Windows Live CD is best", I will limit this question to "Is it possible with Linux, yes or no?"

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  • Strategy for using snapshots to back up Ubuntu Linux server?

    - by MountainX
    I need some backup advice for my home file server. Here are the mount points, volume groups, logical volumes and used/total space of all the volumes on my Ubuntu 8.10 home file server. / vgA/lvRoot [7.5G/50G] /tmp vgB/lvTmp [195M/30G] /var vgB/lvVar [780M/30G] swap vgB/lvSwap [16.00 GB] /media1 vgC/lvMedia1 [400G/975G] /media2 vgC/lvMedia2 [75G/295G] /boot partition (no volume group) [95M/200M] /video partition (no volume group) [450G/950G] /backups vgD/lvBackupTarget [800G/925G] /home vgE/lvHome [85G/200G] I have just added a 2.0 TB external USB drive that I would like to use to backup everything. (It will be a close fit to get it all on one 2.0 TB drive. I actually have a 2nd external USB drive if needed.) I'd like to backup "/", var, /media1, media2 and /home. I'll deal with /boot and /video separately since they are not logical volumes. For all the logical volumes I'm anticipating taking snapshots and then copying those snapshots to the 2.0 TB external USB drive. I have never done a task like that before. If I do that, I could use the tutorial I found here: http://www.howtoforge.com/linux_lvm_snapshots My questions are: What is the best overall strategy? Is it LVM snapshots, as I'm assuming? How should I prepare, subdivide and mount the 2.0 TB external USB drive? 2.a. Should I create one or more regular partitions or should I create a physical volume with one or more logical volumes? 2.b. Would it be advisable to extactly mirror the source pv/lv layout on the external drive, and if so, is this a good strategy? What's the best way to get the snapshots onto the external drive? dd? Even though this is a strategy question, feedback with actual commands is appreciated. I need step-by-step cookbook-style help because I don't do much server admin work. (Background: This is a home file server that I have rarely had to touch in about 2 years. It has done its job without much intervention. The really old PC that I used to back everything up recently failed, so I'm replacing that with the external USB drive(s) and I'd like to upgrade my backup strategy at the same time. Previously, I just copied stuff from /backups over to the other computer and that would not have made things very easy in a real restore situation. The /backups mount point contains backup copies of "most" of the important data on a file by file basis, but it does not contain copies of /boot, etc. BTW, the actual internal HDD that holds /backups is separate from the other storage devices.) EDIT: I'll propose a strategy... The idea came from a comment here: LVM mirroring VS RAID1 "LVM mirrors are for replication of a logical volume to a different physical volume. It's essentially meant to "move the data to a different disk". The mirror is then broken..." That would fit my requirements well. Here is an ideal situation: establish the LV mirror on the external drive break the link with the mirror create a (persistent) snapshot on the mirror after a week, resync the mirror with the original source and update the mirror break the link and create another snapshot on the mirror. Obviously, the mirror will be like a weekly full backup. And the snapshots on the mirror will represent earlier points in time. If this would work and if it would be time efficient, it would give a nice full & differential type backup on the external drive based on LVM. I have not heard of a strategy like this before. Will it work? Could it be scripted? Thoughts? EDIT 2: Creating Portable DiskSafes With LoopbackFS And LVM Snapshots This article seems intriguing: http://www.howtoforge.com/creating-portable-disksafes-with-loopbackfs-and-lvm-snapshots Unfortunately, I don't understand exactly how to map those ideas to the strategy I'm proposing above. I'm going to ask this last bit as a separate question. I will leave my original question in place because I still desire feedback on the overall best strategy. At this moment I'm assuming it is LVM mirroring in the style of "Creating Portable DiskSafes with LVM Snapshots" but that might be wrong.

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  • Finder Sidebar Icons - How do I duplicate?

    - by Wilco
    I've noticed that some system directories, when dragged to the Finder's sidebar, utilize special small-scale icons not visible in any other place. Even when looking at one of these folders in a Finder window using the smallest possible icon size, these "special" icons don't appear (so it's not just the small version of the folder's icon). So my question is, where is this information stored? If I wanted to duplicate this behavior for an arbitrary folder, where would I need to look? I like to replace my home directory with a symlink to a location on another partition, but when I do this, I lose this sidebar icon behavior. I would love to get this back if I can.

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  • Tips on setting up a virtual lab for self-learning networking topics

    - by Harry
    I'm trying to self-learn the following topics on Linux (preferably Fedora): Network programming (using sockets API), especially across proxies and firewalls Proxies (of various kinds like transparent, http, socks...), Firewalls (iptables) and 'basic' Linux security SNAT, DNAT Network admininstration power tools: nc, socat (with all its options), ssh, openssl, etc etc. Now, I know that, ideally, it would be best if I had 'enough' number of physical nodes and physical network equipment (routers, switches, etc) for this self-learning exercise. But, obviously, don't have the budget or the physical space, nor want to be wasteful -- especially, when things could perhaps be simulated/emulated in a Linux environment. I have got one personal workstation, which is a single-homed Fedora desktop with 4GB memory, 200+ GB disk, and a 4-core CPU. I may be able to get 3 to 4 additional low-end Fedora workstations. But all of these -- including mine -- will always remain strictly behind our corporate firewall :-( Now, I know I could use VirtualBox-based virtual nodes, but don't know if there are any better alternatives disk- and memory- footprint-wise. Would you be able to give me some tips or suggestions on how to get started setting up this little budget- and space-constrained 'virtual lab' of mine? For example, how would I create virtual routers? Has someone attempted this sort of thing before: namely, creating a virtual network lab behind a corporate firewall for learning/development/testing purposes? I hope my question is not vague or too open-ended. Basically, right now, I don't know how to best leverage the Linux environment and the various 'goodies' it comes with, and buying physical devices only when it is absolutely necessary.

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  • Windows Vista wont recognize SSD drive

    - by Spiros
    I just bought an SSD drive for my Vista (32bit) box (120GB OCZ Agility 3). Unfortunately windows vista won't display it in the my computer window, and generally wont let me work on it. However, the bios recognizes the SSD drive correctly, and when I go on the windows device manager the drive is there as well. I can see the device properties. On the volumes, when I click on populate, I have: Disk: Disk1 Type: Uknown Status: not initialized Partition style: not avaiable Unallocated space: 0MB Reserved space: 0MB Any ideas what could be wrong? Thanks

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  • Best alternatives to recover lost directories in FAT32 external hard drive?

    - by Sergio
    Hi: I have an 320 GB ADATA CH91 external hard drive. I guess it has some problems with the connector of the USB jack. The point is that in certain occasions it fails in write operations generating data losses. Right now I lost a directory with several GB's of very useful information. Since then I have not attempted to write to the disk any more. What tool would you recommend to recover the lost data? The disk is FAT32 formatted (only one partition) and I use both Linux and Windows. What filesystem format would you recommend to avoid future data losses? I currently only use this external hard drive in Linux so there are several available choices (FAT, NTFS, ext3, ext4, reiser, etc.). Regards, Sergio

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  • Boot from VHD with windows7 - bcdedit trouble

    - by Michiel Overeem
    I'm running Windows7 Enterprise, x64 version. I've created a windows7 vhd file with help of the following blog post hanselman blog After that, I've added it to my boot menu with help of another blog post hanselman blog This worked great. After that, i've upgraded my hdd. With help of clonezilla i've copied the old disk to the new disk. Next step was to copy the vhd to another partition. Then i updated the boot menu. However, the step C:\>bcdedit /set {guid} device vhd=[driveletter:]\<directory>\<vhd filename> fails with the message An error has occurred setting the element data. The request is not supported. what is happening?

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  • Capistrano deploying to different servers with different authentication methods

    - by marimaf
    I need to deploy to 2 different server and these 2 servers have different authentication methods (one is my university's server and the other is an amazon web server AWS) I already have running capistrano for my university's server, but I don't know how to add the deployment to AWS since for this one I need to add ssh options for example to user the .pem file, like this: ssh_options[:keys] = [File.join(ENV["HOME"], ".ssh", "test.pem")] ssh_options[:forward_agent] = true I have browsed starckoverflow and no post mention about how to deal with different authentication methods this and this I found a post that talks about 2 different keys, but this one refers to a server and a git, both usings different pem files. This is not the case. I got to this tutorial, but couldn't find what I need. I don't know if this is relevant for what I am asking: I am working on a rails app with ruby 1.9.2p290 and rails 3.0.10 and I am using an svn repository Please any help os welcome. Thanks a lot

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  • software RAID array not starting in initramfs on Debian

    - by Jasper
    One of my Debian servers (kernel 2.6.30-AMD64) refuses to start the software RAID array that houses the root partition in initramfs. It dumps me with a busybox console. When I follow the necessary steps to continue booting it works fine (start the array with mdadm -A and then have LVM scan the volumes with pvscan and then vgchange -ay). I've tried starting with boot options rootdelay=10 to no avail. Also I've updated the initramfs and unpacked it to inspect whether it really tries to assemble the raid array (it does). Output before dumping to console : mount: mounting none on /dev failed: No such device W: devtmpfs not available, falling back to tpmfs for /dev and then some lvm messages saying it can't find the volumes holding the root partitions. Does anybody have a clue how I could fix this?

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  • Failover tmpfs mirroring. Am I doing it right?

    - by user45286
    My goal is to have a certain directory to be available as tmpfs. There will be some modifications during server uptime in this dir and those modifications must be synced to non-tmpfs persistent dir on HDD over rsync. After server boot the latest version from non-tmpfs persistent dir must be moved to tmpfs and rsync syncing to be started. I'm afraid that rsync will erase non-tmpfs backup if tmpfs dir will be empty.. I'm doing it in this way right now: create tmpfs partition in /etc/fstab cat /etc/rc.local (pseudocode) delete "tmpfs rsync" cronjob from /var/spool/cron/crontabs if there is any cp -r /path/to/non-tmpfs-backup /path/to/tmpfs/dir append /var/spool/cron/crontabs with "tmpfs rsync" cronjob What do you think?

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  • Cannot boot into Lucid Lynx

    - by xenon
    I upgraded from Karmic Koala to Lucid Lynx beta, was working fine for a while (was even rebooting). But, after some time, it is not booting and i cant find a solution. I have tried installing the grub again, doesn't help. Well, the problem is all my settings, bookmarks and passwords are blocked in that partition. I cant find where the Chrome stores bookmarks in Ubuntu. Can you help me either getting my system rebooted or getting the bookmarks ? Thanks. p.s. I am currently on liveusb.

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  • Linux laptop encryption

    - by kaerast
    What are my options for encrypting the /home directories of my Ubuntu laptops? They are currently setup without any encryption and some have /home as a separate partition whilst others don't. Most of these laptops are single-user standalone laptops which are out on the road a lot. Is ecryptfs and the encrypted Private directory good enough or are there better, more secure, options? If somebody got hold of the laptop, how easy would it be for them to gain access to the encrypted files? Similar questions for encrypted lvm, truecrypt and any other solution I may not be aware of.

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  • Long Gigabit Ethernet Run

    - by Timothy R. Butler
    I am trying to get an Gig-E network between two buildings that are approximately 260 ft. away. While some TRENDnet switches failed to be able to connect to each other over Cat 6 at that distance, two Netgear 5-port Gig-E switches do so just fine. However, it still fails after I put in place APC PNET1GB ethernet surge protectors at each end before the line connects to the respective switches. So I find myself wondering if I simply need to find a better surge protector that doesn't degrade the signal as much (if so, what kind would you recommend?) or if I should give up on copper and use fiber between the buildings. If I opt to go the latter route, I could really use some pointers. It looks like LC connectors are the most common, but I keep running into some others as well. A media converter on each end seems like the simplest solution, but perhaps a Gig-E switch with an SFP port would make more sense? Given a very limited budget, sticking with my existing copper seems best, but if it is bound to be a headache, a 100 meter fiber cable is something I think I can swing cost wise.

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  • How to see when stored procedures have last run

    - by Brandon Moore
    I want to see a listing of all the stored procs for each database on a server along with when the last time that store proc was run. I'm pretty good with SQL but I don't know about looking at stats like this that sql keeps so I'd appreciate a little help finding this info. EDIT: From the answers I'm getting it sounds like this is not possible the way I thought it would be. I was thinking that it could be done similarly to how you can see when a table was last accessed: select t.name, user_seeks, user_scans, user_lookups, user_updates, last_user_seek, last_user_scan, last_user_lookup, last_user_update from sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats i JOIN sys.tables t ON (t.object_id = i.object_id) where database_id = db_id() The above script was stolen from a comment on http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2009/05/09/sql-server-find-last-date-time-updated-for-any-table/.

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  • What would happen in a Software Raid 1 of one HDD and one SSD?

    - by Adrian Grigore
    Hi, I'm running my Windows 7 installation and all of my apps from an SSD for performance reasons. Since SSD's can instantly die at any moment, I'm looking for some kind of data backup strategy. Right Now I regularly backing up the drive image on a hard disk, but that only happens once per day, which is not enough for my taste. So I got an idea: What if I created a software raid 1 of the SSD and partition on my Hard disk? All data would be mirrored on both drives, making this a lot safer. But what about performance? Will Windows 7 detect that the SSD is faster than the hard drive and always read from the SSD? Or will it randomly read from both, thus reducing read performance? Thanks, Adrian Edit: I just found this article which basically answers my question. Feel free to close this post.

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  • Unable to copy files previously extracted from archives created on a Mac, even after claiming ownership

    - by Maxim Zaslavsky
    I reinstalled Windows on my computer today, and backed up my music to a USB drive. Now, I'm trying to copy the files onto my fresh Windows partition, but I'm unable to copy files that I obtained within my previous Windows installation from zip archives created on Macs. When I try to copy those previously-extracted files, I get an error saying that I need permission from S-1-5-21-...-1000 (a bizarre long ID). The first thing I tried was to take ownership of the files by setting my new user account as the owner, but that resulted in errors saying that I need permission from myself! Some Googling suggested adding antivirus suggestions, so I excluded the relevant folders from Microsoft Security Essentials, but the issue persists. For what it's worth, it seems that some program (so far I've only installed Chrome, Microsoft Security Essentials, and the latest Windows updates) created an empty folder named 601c8c7f0e0c03f725 at the root of my external USB hard drive. What gives?

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  • Is Windows Server 2008R2 NAP solution for NAC (endpoint security) valuable enough to be worth the hassles?

    - by Warren P
    I'm learning about Windows Server 2008 R2's NAP features. I understand what network access control (NAC) is and what role NAP plays in that, but I would like to know what limitations and problems it has, that people wish they knew before they rolled it out. Secondly, I'd like to know if anyone has had success rolling it out in a mid-size (multi-city corporate network with around 15 servers, 200 desktops) environment with most (99%) Windows XP SP3 and newer Windows clients (Vista, and Win7). Did it work with your anti-virus? (I'm guessing NAP works well with the big name anti-virus products, but we're using Trend micro.). Let's assume that the servers are all Windows Server 2008 R2. Our VPNs are cisco stuff, and have their own NAC features. Has NAP actually benefitted your organization, and was it wise to roll it out, or is it yet another in the long list of things that Windows Server 2008 R2 does, but that if you do move your servers up to it, you're probably not going to want to use. In what particular ways might the built-in NAP solution be the best one, and in what particular ways might no solution at all (the status quo pre-NAP) or a third-party endpoint security or NAC solution be considered a better fit? I found an article where a panel of security experts in 2007 say NAC is maybe "not worth it". Are things better now in 2010 with Win Server 2008 R2?

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  • Linux's best filesystem to work with 10000's of files without overloading the system I/O

    - by mhambra
    Hi all. It is known that certain AMD64 Linuxes are subject of being unresponsive under heavy disk I/O (see Gentoo forums: AMD64 system slow/unresponsive during disk access (Part 2)), unfortunately have such one. I want to put /var/tmp/portage and /usr/portage trees to a separate partition, but what FS to choose for it? Requirements: * for journaling, performance is preffered over safe data read/write operations * optimized to read/write 10000 of small files Candidates: * ext2 without any journaling * BtrFS In Phoronix tests, BtrFS had demonstrated a good random access performance (fat better than XFS thereby it may be less CPU-aggressive). However, unpacking operation seems to be faster with XFS there, but it was tested that unpacking kernel tree to XFS makes my system to react slower for 51% disregard of any renice'd processes and/or schedulers. Why no ReiserFS? Google'd this (q: reiserfs ext2 cpu): 1 Apr 2006 ... Surprisingly, the ReiserFS and the XFS used significantly more CPU to remove file tree (86% and 65%) when other FS used about 15% (Ext3 and ... Is it same now?

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  • How can I poll different aws sqs in the same process?

    - by Luccas
    What is the right way to poll from differents AWS SQS in the same process? Suppose I have a ruby script: listen_queues.rb and run it. Should I need to create threads to wrap each SQS poll or start sub processes? t1 = Thread.new do queue1.poll do |msg| .... end t2 = Thread.new do queue2.poll do |msg| .... end t2.join I tried this code, but the poll is not receiving any of the messages available. When I run only one of them (t1 or t2), it works. But I need the 2 running. What is going on? Thanks!!

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  • Windows 7 Keeps Changing the MBR on boot

    - by steven
    I am having an issue with Windows 7 changing the boot order everytime I start up. I have 4 partitions: boot linux windows. Grub is installed on the boot, and boots up both operating systems fine, however when I boot to Windows the bootable partition is changed to Windows and the MBR is rewritten. How do I stop this? Its rather annoying to have to boot, chroot and fix this problem everytime. I also don't want to use the Windows boot select.

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