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  • SWIG & Java Use of carrays.i and array_functions for C Array of Strings

    - by c12
    I have the below configuration where I'm trying to create a test C function that returns a pointer to an Array of Strings and then wrap that using SWIG's carrays.i and array_functions so that I can access the Array elements in Java. Uncertainties: %array_functions(char, SWIGArrayUtility); - not sure if char is correct inline char *getCharArray() - not sure if C function signature is correct String result = getCharArray(); - String return seems odd, but that's what is generated by SWIG SWIG.i: %module Test %{ #include "test.h" %} %include <carrays.i> %array_functions(char, SWIGArrayUtility); %include "test.h" %pragma(java) modulecode=%{ public static char[] getCharArrayImpl() { final int num = numFoo(); char ret[] = new char[num]; String result = getCharArray(); for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) { ret[i] = SWIGArrayUtility_getitem(result, i); } return ret; } %} Inline Header C Function: #ifndef TEST_H #define TEST_H inline static unsigned short numFoo() { return 3; } inline char *getCharArray(){ static char* foo[3]; foo[0]="ABC"; foo[1]="5CDE"; foo[2]="EEE6"; return foo; } #endif Java Main Tester: public class TestMain { public static void main(String[] args) { System.loadLibrary("TestJni"); char[] test = Test.getCharArrayImpl(); System.out.println("length=" + test.length); for(int i=0; i < test.length; i++){ System.out.println(test[i]); } } } Java Main Tester Output: length=3 ? ? , SWIG Generated Java APIs: public class Test { public static String new_SWIGArrayUtility(int nelements) { return TestJNI.new_SWIGArrayUtility(nelements); } public static void delete_SWIGArrayUtility(String ary) { TestJNI.delete_SWIGArrayUtility(ary); } public static char SWIGArrayUtility_getitem(String ary, int index) { return TestJNI.SWIGArrayUtility_getitem(ary, index); } public static void SWIGArrayUtility_setitem(String ary, int index, char value) { TestJNI.SWIGArrayUtility_setitem(ary, index, value); } public static int numFoo() { return TestJNI.numFoo(); } public static String getCharArray() { return TestJNI.getCharArray(); } public static char[] getCharArrayImpl() { final int num = numFoo(); char ret[] = new char[num]; String result = getCharArray(); System.out.println("result=" + result); for (int i = 0; i < num; ++i) { ret[i] = SWIGArrayUtility_getitem(result, i); System.out.println("ret[" + i + "]=" + ret[i]); } return ret; } }

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  • C# - calling ext. DLL function containing Delphi "variant record" parameter

    - by CaldonCZE
    Hello, In external (Delphi-created) DLL I've got the following function that I need to call from C# application. function ReadMsg(handle: longword; var Msg: TRxMsg): longword; stdcall; external 'MyDll.dll' name 'ReadMsg'; The "TRxMsg" type is variant record, defined as follows: TRxMsg = record case TypeMsg: byte of 1: (accept, mask: longword); 2: (SN: string[6]); 3: (rx_rate, tx_rate: word); 4: (rx_status, tx_status, ctl0, ctl1, rflg: byte); end; In order to call the function from C#, I declared auxiliary structure "my9Bytes" containing array of bytes and defined that it should be marshalled as 9 bytes long array (which is exactly the size of the Delphi record). private struct my9Bytes { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, ArraySubType = UnmanagedType.U1, SizeConst = 9)] public byte[] data; } Then I declared the imported "ReadMsg" function, using the "my9bytes" struct. [DllImport("MyDll.dll")] private static extern uint ReadMsg(uint handle, ref my9Bytes myMsg); I can call the function with no problem... Then I need to create structure corresponding to the original "TRxMsg" variant record and convert my auxiliary "myMsg" array into this structure. I don't know any C# equivalent of Delphi variant array, so I used inheritance and created the following classes. public abstract class TRxMsg { public byte typeMsg; } public class TRxMsgAcceptMask:TRxMsg { public uint accept, mask; //... } public class TRxMsgSN:TRxMsg { public string SN; //... } public class TRxMsgMRate:TRxMsg { public ushort rx_rate, tx_rate; //... } public class TRxMsgStatus:TRxMsg { public byte rx_status, tx_status, ctl0, ctl1, rflg; //... } Finally I create the appropriate object and initialize it with values manually converted from "myMsg" array (I used BitConverter for this). This does work fine, this solution seems to me a little too complicated, and that it should be possible to do this somehow more directly, without the auxiliary "my9bytes" structures or the inheritance and manual converting of individual values. So I'd like to ask you for a suggestions for the best way to do this. Thanks a lot!

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  • Should an event-sourced aggregate root have access to the event sourcing repository?

    - by JD Courtoy
    I'm working on an event-sourced CQRS implementation, using DDD in the application / domain layer. I have an object model that looks like this: public class Person : AggregateRootBase { private Guid? _bookingId; public Person(Identification identification) { Apply(new PersonCreatedEvent(identification)); } public Booking CreateBooking() { // Enforce Person invariants var booking = new Booking(); Apply(new PersonBookedEvent(booking.Id)); return booking; } public void Release() { // Enforce Person invariants // Should we load the booking here from the aggregate repository? // We need to ensure that booking is released as well. var booking = BookingRepository.Load(_bookingId); booking.Release(); Apply(new PersonReleasedEvent(_bookingId)); } [EventHandler] public void Handle(PersonBookedEvent @event) { _bookingId = @event.BookingId; } [EventHandler] public void Handle(PersonReleasedEvent @event) { _bookingId = null; } } public class Booking : AggregateRootBase { private DateTime _bookingDate; private DateTime? _releaseDate; public Booking() { //Enforce invariants Apply(new BookingCreatedEvent()); } public void Release() { //Enforce invariants Apply(new BookingReleasedEvent()); } [EventHandler] public void Handle(BookingCreatedEvent @event) { _bookingDate = SystemTime.Now(); } [EventHandler] public void Handle(BookingReleasedEvent @event) { _releaseDate = SystemTime.Now(); } // Some other business activities unrelated to a person } With my understanding of DDD so far, both Person and Booking are seperate aggregate roots for two reasons: There are times when business components will pull Booking objects separately from the database. (ie, a person that has been released has a previous booking modified due to incorrect information). There should not be locking contention between Person and Booking whenever a Booking needs to be updated. One other business requirement is that a Booking can never occur for a Person more than once at a time. Due to this, I'm concerned about querying the query database on the read side as there could potentially be some inconsistency there (due to using CQRS and having an eventually consistent read database). Should the aggregate roots be allowed to query the event-sourced backing store by id for objects (lazy-loading them as needed)? Are there any other avenues of implementation that would make more sense?

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  • RMI applet is making requests on random ports and blocked consequently

    - by Dan
    /// I have set up RMI system successfully on local ubuntu srver. Registry port 1099 and remote object export on 1100(fixed by calling super(1100)) Now I am trying to make it work on Ubuntu over internet with a public IP. I could bind service properly with public ip.But the client applet is trying to connect to ubuntu server at random ports. Below is the error thrown by client applet: // Exception network: Connecting public-ip:1100 with proxy=DIRECT network: Connecting public-ip/cgi-bin/java-rmi.cgi?forward=1099 with proxy=DIRECT network: Connecting public-ip:3733 with proxy=DIRECT network: Connecting public-ip:3721 with proxy=DIRECT // java.rmi.ConnectException: Connection refused to host: public-ip; nested exception is: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused: connect at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPEndpoint.newSocket(Unknown Source)Source) at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(Unknown Source) ... // // I have only 2 ports open on server, i.e., 1099(registry) and 1100(export). How can I fix ports in applet requests such that it does always connect server on same open port? // // Another issue.As I have bound service on public IP i.e. //public-ip:1099/ServiceName, a job running on server to send message to clinets is not able to make request to RMI service. public-ip URL does not work on same machine,i.e., server.Do you think I should use fixed socket factory?If so please give me code snippet and guide me how i can set it up. //Exception java.rmi.ConnectException: Connection refused to host: public-ip; nested exception is: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPEndpoint.newSocket(TCPEndpoint.java:619) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPChannel.createConnection(TCPChannel.java:216) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPChannel.newConnection(TCPChannel.java:202) at sun.rmi.server.UnicastRef.invoke(UnicastRef.java:128) at java.rmi.server.RemoteObjectInvocationHandler.invokeRemoteMethod(RemoteObjectInvocationHandler.java:194) at java.rmi.server.RemoteObjectInvocationHandler.invoke(RemoteObjectInvocationHandler.java:148) at $Proxy5.getUserID(Unknown Source) at rmi.source.xxxxxx$JobScheduler.run(xxxxServerImpl.java:293) at java.util.TimerThread.mainLoop(Timer.java:555) at java.util.TimerThread.run(Timer.java:505) Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused at java.net.PlainSocketImpl.socketConnect(Native Method) at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.doConnect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:337) at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connectToAddress(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:198) at java.net.AbstractPlainSocketImpl.connect(AbstractPlainSocketImpl.java:180) at java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:391) at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:579) at java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:528) at java.net.Socket.(Socket.java:425) at java.net.Socket.(Socket.java:208) at sun.rmi.transport.proxy.RMIDirectSocketFactory.createSocket(RMIDirectSocketFactory.java:40) at sun.rmi.transport.proxy.RMIMasterSocketFactory.createSocket(RMIMasterSocketFactory.java:146) at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPEndpoint.newSocket(TCPEndpoint.java:613) ... 9 more Coould you please help me? Thanks a lot in advance. Dan

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  • Nhibernate: mapping two different properties between the same 2 entities

    - by Carlos Decas
    I have a Class A: public class ClassA { public int ID {get; private set;} public string Code {get; private set;} public ClassB B {get; private set;} public IList<ClassB> ListB {get; private set;} } And a ClassB: public class ClassB { public int ID {get; private set;} public string Code {get; private set;} public ClassA A {get; private set;} //some other attributes... } And the Mappings: public ClassAMap() { Table("ClassA"); Id(classA => classA .ID, "ID").GeneratedBy.Identity(); Map(classA => classA.Code, "Code").Unique().Not.Nullable(); //HERE IS THE PROBLEM: -------- References(classA => classA.B,"IDClassB").Cascade.SaveUpdate(); //----- HasMany(classA => classA.ListB).Table("ClassB").KeyColumn("IDClassA").AsBag().Not.LazyLoad().Inverse().Cascade.AllDeleteOrphan(); } ClassB Mappings: public ClassBMap() { Table("ClassB"); Id(classB => classB.ID).GeneratedBy.Identity(); References(classB => classB.A, "IDClassA").ForeignKey("ID").Cascade.SaveUpdate(); } The mappings for ListB in classA worked ok, because at first the was only ListB property and not B, when i had to map B i tried this: References(classA => classA.B,"IDClassB"); The mapping test failed because B wasn't saved, so i did this: References(classA => classA.B,"IDClassB").Cascade.SaveUpdate(); This time B was saved, but by saving B, classA was inserted two times, by A.B and by B.A. How can i solve this problem? Why does it work for the ListB property and not for the B property? Thanks

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  • I have to select the checkbox two times to check/uncheck in jTable

    - by 117526709403775781607
    I have a jTable code i intend to use, but the problem with it is that when i click on the checkbox once it doesn't select/deselect it, instead i have to click twice. But if i select any other cell in the row except the one containing the checkbox the purpose is solved. HERE IS MY CODE : public class TableSelectionTest extends JFrame implements ListSelectionListener { private final int COLUMN_COUNT = 5; private TblModel model; public TableSelectionTest() { initialize(); setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); pack(); } private void initialize() { List data = new ArrayList(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { Object record[] = new Object[COLUMN_COUNT]; record[0] = Boolean.FALSE; for (int j = 1; j < COLUMN_COUNT; j++) { record[j] = new Integer(j); } data.add(record); } model = new TblModel(data); JTable table = new JTable(model); table.getSelectionModel().setSelectionMode(ListSelectionModel.SINGLE_SELECTION); table.getSelectionModel().addListSelectionListener (this); JScrollPane scroll = new JScrollPane(table); getContentPane().add(scroll, BorderLayout.CENTER); } public static void main(String[] args) { TableSelectionTest f = new TableSelectionTest(); f.show(); } class TblModel extends AbstractTableModel { private List data; public TblModel(List data) { this.data = data; } public int getColumnCount() { return COLUMN_COUNT; } public int getRowCount() { return data == null ? 0 : data.size(); } public void setValueAt(Object value, int rowIndex, int columnIndex) { getRecord(rowIndex)[columnIndex] = value; super.fireTableCellUpdated(rowIndex, columnIndex); } public Object getValueAt(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) { return getRecord(rowIndex)[columnIndex]; } public boolean isCellEditable(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) { if(columnIndex == 0) return true; else return false; } public Class getColumnClass(int columnIndex) { if (data == null || data.size() == 0) { return Object.class; } Object o = getValueAt(0, columnIndex); return o == null ? Object.class : o.getClass(); } private Object[] getRecord(int rowIndex) { return (Object[]) data.get(rowIndex); } } public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) { if (!e.getValueIsAdjusting()) { ListSelectionModel lsm = (ListSelectionModel) e.getSource(); int index = lsm.getMinSelectionIndex(); if(model.getRecord(index)[0] == Boolean.FALSE) model.setValueAt(Boolean.TRUE, index, 0); else if(model.getRecord(index)[0] == Boolean.TRUE) model.setValueAt(Boolean.FALSE, index, 0); } } } Please reply soon as it is bugging me a lot Thank you in advance :)

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  • Java program has errors, 80 lines of code

    - by user2961687
    I have a problem with a program. It contains a lot of errors in Eclipse. Sorry for my english and thank you in advance. Here is the task: I. Declare a class that contains private fields Jam: String taste, double weight Create constructors containing variables as parameters: (String taste, double weight), (double weight), (String taste). Parameters constructors should initialize class fields. In case the constructor does not provide the necessary parameter, it must be assumed that the field taste must have the value "No Name" and weight - 100.0. Introduce the use of all constructors creating objects that represent three kinds of jams. Note: it must be assumed that the only constructor with two parameters can be assigned to fields of the class. Declare a class Jar that contains the field Jam jam, a dedicated constructor initiating all declared fields and methods: open close isItOpen Next, create an object of class Jar and fill it with the selected type of jam, operations repeat for all the kinds of jams. This is my code this far: public class App { public static void main(String[] args) { Jam strawberry = new Jam("strawberry", 20.45); Jam raspberry = new Jam(40.50); Jam peach = new Jam("peach"); Jar jar_1 = new Jar(); Jar jar_2 = new Jar(); Jar jar_3 = new Jar(); jar_1.open(); jar_1.fillIn(strawberry); jar_2.fillIn(peach); jar_3.fillIn(raspberry); } } class Jam { String taste; double weight; public Jam(String taste, double weight) { this.taste = taste; this.weight = weight; } public Jam(double weight) { this.taste = "No name"; this.weight = weight; } public Jam(String taste) { this.taste = taste; this.weight = 100.0; } } class Jar { public Jam Jam = new Jam(); private String state_jar; public Jar() { Jam.weight = 0; Jam.taste = ""; state_jar = "closed"; } public static String open() { state_jar = open; return state_jar; } public static String close() { state_jar = "closed"; return state_jar; } public static boolean isItOpen() { return state_jar; } public void fillIn(Jam jam) { if (isItOpen == false) open(); this.Jam.weight = jam.weight; this.Jam.taste = jam.taste; this.Jam.close(); } }

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  • Unresolved External Symbol linker error (C++)

    - by Niranjan
    Hi, I am trying to develop abstract design pattern code for one of my project as below.. But, I am not able to compile the code ..giving some compile errors(like "unresolved external symbol "public: virtual void __thiscall Xsecs::draw_lines(double,double)" (?draw_lines@Xsecs@@UAEXNN@Z)" ).. Can any one please help me out in this... #include "stdafx.h" #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include "Xsecs.h" using namespace std; //Product class class Xsecs { public: virtual void draw_lines(double pt1, double pt2); virtual void draw_curves(double pt1, double rad); }; class polyline: public Xsecs { public: virtual void draw_lines(double pt1,double pt2) { cout<<"draw_line in polygon"<<endl; } virtual void draw_curves(double pt1, double rad) { cout<<"Draw_curve in circle"<<endl; } /*void create_polygons() { cout<<"create_polygon_thru_draw_lines"<<endl; }*/ }; class circle: public Xsecs { public: virtual void draw_lines(double pt1,double pt2) { cout<<"draw_line in polygon"<<endl; } virtual void draw_curves(double pt1, double rad) { cout<<"Draw_curve in circle"<<endl; } /*void create_circles() { cout<<"Create circle"<<endl; }*/ }; //Factory class class Factory { public: virtual polyline* create_polyline()=0; virtual circle* create_circle()=0; }; class Factory1: public Factory { public: polyline* create_polyline() { return new polyline(); } circle* create_circle() { return new circle(); } }; class Factory2: public Factory { public: circle* create_circle() { return new circle(); } polyline* create_polyline() { return new polyline(); } }; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { Factory1 f1; Factory * fp=&f1; return 0; }

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  • Android Extend BaseExpandableListAdapter

    - by Robert Mills
    I am trying to extend the BaseExpandableListAdapter, however when once I view the list and I select one of the elements to expand, the order of the list gets reversed. For example, if I have a list with 4 elements and select the 1st element, the order (from top to bottom) is now 4, 3, 2, 1 with the 4th element (now at the top) expanded. If I unexpand the 4th element the order reverts to 1, 2, 3, 4 with no expanded elements. Here is my implementation:`public class SensorExpandableAdapter extends BaseExpandableListAdapter { private static final int FILTER_POSITION = 0; private static final int FUNCTION_POSITION = 1; private static final int NUMBER_OF_CHILDREN = 2; ArrayList mParentGroups; private Context mContext; private LayoutInflater mInflater; public SensorExpandableAdapter(ArrayList<SensorType> parentGroup, Context context) { mParentGroups = parentGroup; mContext = context; mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext); } @Override public Object getChild(int groupPosition, int childPosition) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub if(childPosition == FILTER_POSITION) return "filter"; else return "function"; } @Override public long getChildId(int groupPosition, int childPosition) { return childPosition; } @Override public View getChildView(int groupPosition, int childPosition, boolean isLastChild, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { if(convertView == null) { //do something convertView = (RelativeLayout)mInflater.inflate(R.layout.sensor_row_list_item, parent, false); if(childPosition == FILTER_POSITION) { ((CheckBox)convertView.findViewById(R.id.chkTextAddFilter)).setText("Add Filter"); } else { ((CheckBox)convertView.findViewById(R.id.chkTextAddFilter)).setText("Add Function"); ((CheckBox)convertView.findViewById(R.id.chkTextAddFilter)).setEnabled(false); } } return convertView; } @Override public int getChildrenCount(int groupPosition) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return NUMBER_OF_CHILDREN; } @Override public Object getGroup(int groupPosition) { return mParentGroups.get(groupPosition); } @Override public int getGroupCount() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return mParentGroups.size(); } @Override public long getGroupId(int groupPosition) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return groupPosition; } @Override public View getGroupView(int groupPosition, boolean isExpanded, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { if(convertView == null) { convertView = mInflater.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1, parent, false); TextView tv = ((TextView)convertView.findViewById(android.R.id.text1)); tv.setText(mParentGroups.get(groupPosition).toString()); } return convertView; } @Override public boolean hasStableIds() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return true; } @Override public boolean isChildSelectable(int groupPosition, int childPosition) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return true; } } ` I just need to take a simple ArrayList of my own SensorType class. The children are the same for all classes, just two. Also, how do I go about making the parent in each group LongClickable? I have tried in my ExpandableListActivity with this getExpandableListView().setOnLongClickableListener() ... and on the parent TextView set its OnLongClickableListener but neither works. Any help on either of these is greatly appreciated!

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  • php pdo connection scope

    - by Scarface
    Hey guys I have a connection class I found for pdo. I am calling the connection method on the page that the file is included on. The problem is that within functions the $conn variable is not defined even though I stated the method was public (bare with me I am very new to OOP), and I was wondering if anyone had an elegant solution other then using global in every function. Any suggestions are greatly appreciated. CONNECTION class PDOConnectionFactory{ // receives the connection public $con = null; // swich database? public $dbType = "mysql"; // connection parameters // when it will not be necessary leaves blank only with the double quotations marks "" public $host = "localhost"; public $user = "user"; public $senha = "password"; public $db = "database"; // arrow the persistence of the connection public $persistent = false; // new PDOConnectionFactory( true ) <--- persistent connection // new PDOConnectionFactory() <--- no persistent connection public function PDOConnectionFactory( $persistent=false ){ // it verifies the persistence of the connection if( $persistent != false){ $this->persistent = true; } } public function getConnection(){ try{ // it carries through the connection $this->con = new PDO($this->dbType.":host=".$this->host.";dbname=".$this->db, $this->user, $this->senha, array( PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => $this->persistent ) ); // carried through successfully, it returns connected return $this->con; // in case that an error occurs, it returns the error; }catch ( PDOException $ex ){ echo "We are currently experiencing technical difficulties. We have a bunch of monkies working really hard to fix the problem. Check back soon: ".$ex->getMessage(); } } // close connection public function Close(){ if( $this->con != null ) $this->con = null; } } PAGE USED ON include("includes/connection.php"); $db = new PDOConnectionFactory(); $conn = $db->getConnection(); function test(){ try{ $sql = 'SELECT * FROM topic'; $stmt = $conn->prepare($sql); $result=$stmt->execute(); } catch(PDOException $e){ echo $e->getMessage(); } } test();

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  • Custom SessionListener, name is not bound in this context, javax.naming.NameNotFoundException

    - by mehmet6parmak
    Hi, I am trying to implement HttpSessionListener so that users of this listener can register implementation of ISessionEvent interface to session Events.code is below: public class MySessionListener implements HttpSessionListener{ @Resource ISessionEvent sessionEvent; public ISessionEvent getSessionEvent() { return sessionEvent; } public void setSessionEvent(ISessionEvent sessionEvent) { this.sessionEvent = sessionEvent; } @Override public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent arg0) { sessionEvent.SessionCreated(arg0.getSession()); } @Override public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent arg0) { sessionEvent.SessionDestroyed(arg0.getSession()); } } When user implement ISessionEvent and add as a bean, SessionCreated and SessionDestroyed functions of implementation will be called when these events occured. You can ask why dont you just write inside listeners methods, i dont i'm just trying. When i try the code above i got the following error message: javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name com.mehmet6parmak.sessionlistener.MySessionListener is not bound in this Context at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:770) at org.apache.naming.NamingContext.lookup(NamingContext.java:153) at org.apache.catalina.util.DefaultAnnotationProcessor.lookupFieldResource(DefaultAnnotationProcessor.java:278) at org.apache.catalina.util.DefaultAnnotationProcessor.processAnnotations(DefaultAnnotationProcessor.java:187) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4082) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4630) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:785) at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:445) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:519) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:581) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) Resource annotation causes the error but i could not resolve it. Thanks All... Interface and Implementation @Resource public interface ISessionEvent { public void SessionCreated(HttpSession session); public void SessionDestroyed(HttpSession session); } @Resource public class SessionEvent implements ISessionEvent { @Override public void SessionDestroyed(HttpSession session) { System.out.println("From Session Event Callback(Destroy):" + session.getId()); } @Override public void SessionCreated(HttpSession session) { System.out.println("From Session Event Callback(Create):" + session.getId()); } } Bean Definition <context:annotation-config/> <context:component-scan base-package="com.mehmet6parmak"> </context:component-scan> <bean id="sessionEvent" autowire="byName" class="com.mehmet6parmak.sessionlistener.SessionEvent"></bean> Solution:Using the method used in link works.

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  • How to use command bindings in user controls in wpf?

    - by Sam
    In MainWindow the commandbinding works fine. In UserControl1 it doesnt work. Note the datacontext is set correctly as is evidenced by the content of the button which is the result of a binding. I am not trying to bind the command in the usercontrol to a command in mainwindow or any other such trickery. I am just trying to replicate what I did in MainWindow in UserControl1. // MainWindow xaml <StackPanel> <Button Content="Click Here" Command="{Binding ClickHereCommand}" Height="25" Width="90"></Button> <local:UserControl1></local:UserControl1> </StackPanel> // MainWindow public partial class MainWindow : Window { public static RoutedCommand ClickHereCommand { get; set; } public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); this.DataContext = this; ClickHereCommand = new RoutedCommand(); CommandBindings.Add(new CommandBinding(ClickHereCommand, ClickHereExecuted)); } public void ClickHereExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e) { System.Windows.MessageBox.Show("hello"); } } // UserControl1 xaml <UserControl x:Class="CommandBindingTest.UserControl1" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="300" x:Name="root"> <Grid DataContext="{Binding ElementName=root}" > <Button Content="{Binding ButtonContent}" Command="{Binding ClickHereCommand}" Height="25" Width="90"></Button> </Grid> </UserControl> // UserControl1 public partial class UserControl1 : UserControl, INotifyPropertyChanged { private string _ButtonContent; public string ButtonContent { get { return _ButtonContent; } set { if (_ButtonContent != value) { _ButtonContent = value; OnPropertyChanged("ButtonContent"); } } } public static RoutedCommand ClickHereCommand { get; set; } public UserControl1() { InitializeComponent(); ClickHereCommand = new RoutedCommand(); CommandBindings.Add(new CommandBinding(ClickHereCommand, ClickHereExecuted)); ButtonContent = "Click Here"; } public void ClickHereExecuted(object sender, ExecutedRoutedEventArgs e) { System.Windows.MessageBox.Show("hello from UserControl1"); } #region INotifyPropertyChanged Members public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; public void OnPropertyChanged(string name) { if (PropertyChanged != null) { PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(name)); } } #endregion }

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  • Getting rid of "static" references in C#

    - by DevEight
    Hello. I've recently begun learning C# but have encountered an annoying problem. Every variable I want available to all functions in my program I have to put a "static" in front of and also every function. What I'd like to know is how to avoid this, if possible? Also, small side question: creating public variables inside functions? This is what my program looks like right now, and I want to basically keep it like that, without having to add "static" everywhere: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Net; using System.Threading; using System.Net.Sockets; namespace NetworkExercise { class Client { public IPAddress addr; public int port; public string name; public Thread thread; public TcpClient tcp; public NetworkStream stream; public Client(IPAddress addr, int port, string name, NetworkStream stream) { } } class Program { //NETWORK TcpListener tcpListener; Thread listenThread; ASCIIEncoding encoder = new ASCIIEncoding(); //DATA byte[] buffer = new byte[4096]; string servIp; int servPort; //CLIENT MANAGEMENT int clientNum; static void Main(string[] args) { beginConnect(); } public void beginConnect() { Console.Write("Server IP (leave blank if you're the host): "); servIp = Console.ReadLine(); Console.Write("Port: "); servPort = Console.Read(); tcpListener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, servPort); listenThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(listenForClients)); listenThread.Start(); } public void listenForClients() { tcpListener.Start(); Console.WriteLine("Listening for clients..."); while (true) { Client cl = new Client(null, servPort, null, null); cl.tcp = tcpListener.AcceptTcpClient(); ThreadStart pts = delegate { handleClientCom(cl); }; cl.thread = new Thread(pts); cl.thread.Start(); } } public void handleClientCom(Client cl) { cl.stream = cl.tcp.GetStream(); } } }

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  • Serialization Error:Unable to generate a temporary class (result=1).\r\nerror CS0030:- c#

    - by ltech
    Running XSD.exe on my xml to generate C# class. All works well except on this property public DocumentATTRIBUTES[][] Document { get { return this.documentField; } set { this.documentField = value; } } I want to try and use CollectionBase, and this was my attempt public DocumentATTRIBUTESCollection Document { get { return this.documentField; } set { this.documentField = value; } } /// <remarks/> [System.SerializableAttribute()] [System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()] [System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")] [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)] public partial class DocumentATTRIBUTES { private string _author; private string _maxVersions; private string _summary; /// <remarks/> [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)] public string author { get { return _author; } set { _author = value; } } /// <remarks/> [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)] public string max_versions { get { return _maxVersions; } set { _maxVersions = value; } } /// <remarks/> [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute(Form = System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchemaForm.Unqualified)] public string summary { get { return _summary; } set { _summary = value; } } } public class DocumentAttributeCollection : System.Collections.CollectionBase { public DocumentAttributeCollection() : base() { } public DocumentATTRIBUTES this[int index] { get { return (DocumentATTRIBUTES)this.InnerList[index]; } } public void Insert(int index, DocumentATTRIBUTES value) { this.InnerList.Insert(index, value); } public int Add(DocumentATTRIBUTES value) { return (this.InnerList.Add(value)); } } However when I try to serialize my object using XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(DocumentMetaData)); I get the error: {"Unable to generate a temporary class (result=1).\r\nerror CS0030: Cannot convert type 'DocumentATTRIBUTES' to 'DocumentAttributeCollection'\r\nerror CS1502: The best overloaded method match for 'DocumentAttributeCollection.Add(DocumentATTRIBUTES)' has some invalid arguments\r\nerror CS1503: Argument '1': cannot convert from 'DocumentAttributeCollection' to 'DocumentATTRIBUTES'\r\n"} the XSD pertaining to this property is <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="ATTRIBUTES" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"> <xs:complexType> <xs:sequence> <xs:element name="author" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /> <xs:element name="max_versions" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /> <xs:element name="summary" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element> </xs:sequence> </xs:complexType> </xs:element>

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  • Calling CryptUIWizDigitalSign from .NET on x64

    - by Joe Kuemerle
    I am trying to digitally sign files using the CryptUIWizDigitalSign function from a .NET 2.0 application compiled to AnyCPU. The call works fine when running on x86 but fails on x64, it also works on an x64 OS when compiled to x86. Any idea on how to better marshall or call from x64? The Win32exception returned is "Error encountered during digital signing of the file ..." with a native error code of -2146762749. The relevant portion of the code are: [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public struct CRYPTUI_WIZ_DIGITAL_SIGN_INFO { public Int32 dwSize; public Int32 dwSubjectChoice; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] public string pwszFileName; public Int32 dwSigningCertChoice; public IntPtr pSigningCertContext; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] public string pwszTimestampURL; public Int32 dwAdditionalCertChoice; public IntPtr pSignExtInfo; } [DllImport("Cryptui.dll", CharSet=CharSet.Unicode, SetLastError=true)] public static extern bool CryptUIWizDigitalSign(int dwFlags, IntPtr hwndParent, string pwszWizardTitle, ref CRYPTUI_WIZ_DIGITAL_SIGN_INFO pDigitalSignInfo, ref IntPtr ppSignContext); CRYPTUI_WIZ_DIGITAL_SIGN_INFO digitalSignInfo = new CRYPTUI_WIZ_DIGITAL_SIGN_INFO(); digitalSignInfo = new CRYPTUI_WIZ_DIGITAL_SIGN_INFO(); digitalSignInfo.dwSize = Marshal.SizeOf(digitalSignInfo); digitalSignInfo.dwSubjectChoice = 1; digitalSignInfo.dwSigningCertChoice = 1; digitalSignInfo.pSigningCertContext = pSigningCertContext; digitalSignInfo.pwszTimestampURL = timestampUrl; digitalSignInfo.dwAdditionalCertChoice = 0; digitalSignInfo.pSignExtInfo = IntPtr.Zero; digitalSignInfo.pwszFileName = filepath; CryptUIWizDigitalSign(1, IntPtr.Zero, null, ref digitalSignInfo, ref pSignContext)); And here is how the SigningCertContext is retrieved (minus various error handling) public IntPtr GetCertContext(String pfxfilename, String pswd) IntPtr hMemStore = IntPtr.Zero; IntPtr hCertCntxt = IntPtr.Zero; IntPtr pProvInfo = IntPtr.Zero; uint provinfosize = 0; try { byte[] pfxdata = PfxUtility.GetFileBytes(pfxfilename); CRYPT_DATA_BLOB ppfx = new CRYPT_DATA_BLOB(); ppfx.cbData = pfxdata.Length; ppfx.pbData = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(pfxdata.Length); Marshal.Copy(pfxdata, 0, ppfx.pbData, pfxdata.Length); hMemStore = Win32.PFXImportCertStore(ref ppfx, pswd, CRYPT_USER_KEYSET); pswd = null; if (hMemStore != IntPtr.Zero) { Marshal.FreeHGlobal(ppfx.pbData); while ((hCertCntxt = Win32.CertEnumCertificatesInStore(hMemStore, hCertCntxt)) != IntPtr.Zero) { if (Win32.CertGetCertificateContextProperty(hCertCntxt, CERT_KEY_PROV_INFO_PROP_ID, IntPtr.Zero, ref provinfosize)) pProvInfo = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)provinfosize); else continue; if (Win32.CertGetCertificateContextProperty(hCertCntxt, CERT_KEY_PROV_INFO_PROP_ID, pProvInfo, ref provinfosize)) break; } } finally { if (pProvInfo != IntPtr.Zero) Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pProvInfo); if (hMemStore != IntPtr.Zero) Win32.CertCloseStore(hMemStore, 0); } return hCertCntxt; }

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  • help with generating models from database for many to many in doctrine

    - by ajsie
    im using doctrine and i have set up some test tables to be generated into models: I want a many-to-many relationship models (3 tables converted into 3 models) (things are simplified to make the point clear) mysql tables: user: id INT // primary key name VARCHAR group: id INT // primary key name VARCHAR user_group: user_id INT // primary and foreign key to user.id group_id INT // primary and foreign key to group.id i thought that it would generate these models (from the documentation): // User.php class User extends Doctrine_Record { public function setTableDefinition() { $this->hasColumn('id'); $this->hasColumn('name); } public function setUp() { $this->hasMany('Group as Groups', array( 'refClass' => 'UserGroup', 'local' => 'user_id', 'foreign' => 'group_id' ) ); } } // Group.php class Group extends Doctrine_Record { public function setTableDefinition() { $this->hasColumn('id'); $this->hasColumn('name); } public function setUp() { $this->hasMany('User as Users', array( 'refClass' => 'UserGroup', 'local' => 'group_id', 'foreign' => 'user_id' ) ); } } // UserGroup.php class UserGroup extends Doctrine_Record { public function setTableDefinition() { $this->hasColumn('user_id') ); $this->hasColumn('group_id') ); } } but it generated this: // User.php abstract class BaseUser extends Doctrine_Record { public function setTableDefinition() { $this->hasColumn('id'); $this->hasColumn('name'); } public function setUp() { $this->hasMany('UserGroup', array( 'local' => 'id', 'foreign' => 'user_id')); } } // Group.php abstract class BaseGroup extends Doctrine_Record { public function setTableDefinition() { $this->hasColumn('id'); $this->hasColumn('name'); } public function setUp() { $this->hasMany('UserGroup', array( 'local' => 'id', 'foreign' => 'group_id')); } } // UserGroup.php abstract class BaseUserGroup extends Doctrine_Record { public function setTableDefinition() { $this->hasColumn('user_id'); $this->hasColumn('group_id'); } public function setUp() { $this->hasOne('User', array( 'local' => 'user_id', 'foreign' => 'id')); $this->hasOne('Group', array( 'local' => 'group_id', 'foreign' => 'id')); } } as you can see, there is no 'refClass' in the 'User' and 'Group' models pointing to the 'UserGroup'. the 'UserGroup' table in this case is just another table from Doctrine's perspective not a reference table. I've checked my table definitions in mysql. They are correct. user_group has 2 columns (primary keys and foreign keys), each one pointing to the primary key in either User or Group. But i want the standard many-to-many relationship models in Doctrine models. I'd appreciate some help. I have struggled to figure it out for a half day now. What is wrong? Thanks!

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  • NHibernate does not update entity when repository is passed by constructor

    - by Alex
    Hi everybody, I am developing with NHibernate for the first time in conjunction with ASP.NET MVC and StructureMap. The CodeCampServer serves as a great example for me. I really like the different concepts which were implemented there and I can learn a lot from it. In my controllers I use Constructur Dependency Injection to get an instance of the specific repository needed. My problem is: If I change an attribute of the customer the customer's data is not updated in the database, although Commit() is called on the transaction object (by a HttpModule). public class AccountsController : Controller { private readonly ICustomerRepository repository; public AccountsController(ICustomerRepository repository) { this.repository = repository; } public ActionResult Save(Customer customer) { Customer customerToUpdate = repository .GetById(customer.Id); customerToUpdate.GivenName = "test"; //<-- customer does not get updated in database return View(); } } On the other hand this is working: public class AccountsController : Controller { [LoadCurrentCustomer] public ActionResult Save(Customer customer) { customer.GivenName = "test"; //<-- Customer gets updated return View(); } } public class LoadCurrentCustomer : ActionFilterAttribute { public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext) { const string parameterName = "Customer"; if (filterContext.ActionParameters.ContainsKey(parameterName)) { if (filterContext.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated) { Customer CurrentCustomer = DependencyResolverFactory .GetDefault() .Resolve<IUserSession>() .GetCurrentUser(); filterContext.ActionParameters[parameterName] = CurrentCustomer; } } base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext); } } public class UserSession : IUserSession { private readonly ICustomerRepository repository; public UserSession(ICustomerRepository customerRepository) { repository = customerRepository; } public Customer GetCurrentUser() { var identity = HttpContext.Current.User.Identity; if (!identity.IsAuthenticated) { return null; } Customer customer = repository.GetByEmailAddress(identity.Name); return customer; } } I also tried to call update on the repository like the following code shows. But this leads to an NHibernateException which says "Illegal attempt to associate a collection with two open sessions". Actually there is only one. public ActionResult Save(Customer customer) { Customer customerToUpdate = repository .GetById(customer.Id); customer.GivenName = "test"; repository.Update(customerToUpdate); return View(); } Does somebody have an idea why the customer is not updated in the first example but is updated in the second example? Why does NHibernate say that there are two open sessions?

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  • Subclassing and adding data members

    - by Marius
    I have an hierarchy of classes that looks like the following: class Critical { public: Critical(int a, int b) : m_a(a), m_b(b) { } virtual ~Critical() { } int GetA() { return m_a; } int GetB() { return m_b; } void SetA(int a) { m_a = a; } void SetB(int b) { m_b = b; } protected: int m_a; int m_b; }; class CriticalFlavor : public Critical { public: CriticalFlavor(int a, int b, int flavor) : Critical(a, b), m_flavor(flavor) { } virtual ~CriticalFlavor() { } int GetFlavor() { return m_flavor; } void SetFlavor(int flavor) { m_flavor = flavor; } protected: int m_flavor; }; class CriticalTwist : public Critical { public: CriticalTwist(int a, int b, int twist) : Critical(a, b), m_twist(twist) { } virtual ~CriticalTwist() { } int GetTwist() { return m_twist; } void SetTwist(int twist) { m_twist = twist; } protected: int m_twist; }; The above does not seem right to me in terms of the design and what bothers me the most is the fact that the addition of member variables seems to drive the interface of these classes (the real code that does the above is a little more complex but still embracing the same pattern). That will proliferate when in need for another "Critical" class that just adds some other property. Does this feel right to you? How could I refactor such code? An idea would be to have just a set of interfaces and use composition when it comes to the base object like the following: class Critical { public: virtual int GetA() = 0; virtual int GetB() = 0; virtual void SetA(int a) = 0; virtual void SetB(int b) = 0; }; class CriticalImpl { public: CriticalImpl(int a, int b) : m_a(a), m_b(b) { } ~CriticalImpl() { } int GetA() { return m_a; } int GetB() { return m_b; } void SetA(int a) { m_a = a; } void SetB(int b) { m_b = b; } private: int m_a; int m_b; }; class CriticalFlavor { public: virtual int GetFlavor() = 0; virtual void SetFlavor(int flavor) = 0; }; class CriticalFlavorImpl : public Critical, public CriticalFlavor { public: CriticalFlavorImpl(int a, int b, int flavor) : m_flavor(flavor), m_critical(new CriticalImpl(a, b)) { } ~CriticalFlavorImpl() { delete m_critical; } int GetFlavor() { return m_flavor; } void SetFlavor(int flavor) { m_flavor = flavor; } int GetA() { return m_critical-GetA(); } int GetB() { return m_critical-GetB(); } void SetA(int a) { m_critical-SetA(a); } void SetB(int b) { m_critical-SetB(b); } private: int m_flavor; CriticalImpl* m_critical; };

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  • pdo connection scope

    - by Scarface
    Hey guys I have a connection class I found for pdo. I am calling the connection method on the page that the file is included on. The problem is that within functions the $conn variable is not defined even though I stated the method was public (bare with me I am very new to OOP), and I was wondering if anyone had an elegant solution other then using global in every function. Any suggestions are greatly appreciated. CONNECTION class PDOConnectionFactory{ // receives the connection public $con = null; // swich database? public $dbType = "mysql"; // connection parameters // when it will not be necessary leaves blank only with the double quotations marks "" public $host = "localhost"; public $user = "user"; public $senha = "password"; public $db = "database"; // arrow the persistence of the connection public $persistent = false; // new PDOConnectionFactory( true ) <--- persistent connection // new PDOConnectionFactory() <--- no persistent connection public function PDOConnectionFactory( $persistent=false ){ // it verifies the persistence of the connection if( $persistent != false){ $this->persistent = true; } } public function getConnection(){ try{ // it carries through the connection $this->con = new PDO($this->dbType.":host=".$this->host.";dbname=".$this->db, $this->user, $this->senha, array( PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => $this->persistent ) ); // carried through successfully, it returns connected return $this->con; // in case that an error occurs, it returns the error; }catch ( PDOException $ex ){ echo "We are currently experiencing technical difficulties. We have a bunch of monkies working really hard to fix the problem. Check back soon: ".$ex->getMessage(); } } // close connection public function Close(){ if( $this->con != null ) $this->con = null; } } PAGE USED ON include("includes/connection.php"); $db = new PDOConnectionFactory(); $conn = $db->getConnection(); function test(){ try{ $sql = 'SELECT * FROM topic'; $stmt = $conn->prepare($sql); $result=$stmt->execute(); } catch(PDOException $e){ echo $e->getMessage(); } } test();

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  • Comparator interface

    - by 1ace1
    ok I was going to edit my previous question but i wasnt sure if it was the right way to do it so i'll just give another question about Comparator, now i want to be able to sort with different ways. I have a bank checks and i want to sort with checkNumber then checkAmount i managed to do it with checkNumber but couldnt figure out how with checkAmount here is how i did it for checkNumber: import java.util.Comparator; public class Check implements Comparator { private int checkNumber; private String description; private double checkAmount; public Check() { } public Check(int newCheckNumber, double newAmountNumber) { setCheckNumber(newCheckNumber); setAmountNumber(newAmountNumber); } public String toString() { return checkNumber + "\t\t" + checkAmount; } public void setCheckNumber(int checkNumber) { this.checkNumber = checkNumber; } public int getCheckNumber() { return checkNumber; } public void setAmountNumber(double amountNumber) { this.checkAmount = amountNumber; } public double getAmountNumber() { return checkAmount; } @Override public int compare(Object obj1, Object obj2) { int value1 = ((Check) obj1).getCheckNumber(); int value2 = ((Check) obj2).getCheckNumber(); int result = 0; if (value1 > value2){ result = 1; } else if(value1 < value2){ result = -1; } return result; } } import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collections; import test.CheckValue; public class TestCheck { public static void main(String[] args) { ArrayList List = new ArrayList(); List.add(new Check(445, 55.0)); List.add(new Check(101,43.12)); List.add(new Check(110,101.0)); List.add(new Check(553,300.21)); List.add(new Check(123,32.1)); Collections.sort(List, new Check()); System.out.println("Check Number - Check Amount"); for (int i = 0; i < List.size(); i++){ System.out.println(List.get(i)); } } } thank you very much in advance and please tell me if im submiting things in the wrong way.

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  • Adding Related Entities without using navigation properties

    - by Barisa Puter
    I have the following classes, set for testing: public class Company { [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)] public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } } public class Employee { [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)] public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public int CompanyId { get; set; } public virtual Company Company { get; set; } } public class EFTestDbContext : DbContext { public DbSet<Employee> Employees { get; set; } public DbSet<Company> Companies { get; set; } } For the sake of testing, I wanted to insert one company and one employee for that company with single SaveChanges call, like this: Company company = new Company { Name = "Sample company" }; context.Companies.Add(company); // ** UNCOMMENTED FOR TEST 2 //Company company2 = new Company //{ // Name = "Some other company" //}; //context.Companies.Add(company2); Employee employee = new Employee { Name = "Hans", CompanyId = company.Id }; context.Employees.Add(employee); context.SaveChanges(); Even though I am not using navigational properties, but instead I've made relation over Id, this somehow mysteriously worked - employee was saved with proper foreign key to company which got updated from 0 to real value, which made me go ?!?! Some hidden C# feature? Then I've decided to add more code, which is commented in the snippet above, making it to be inserting of 2 x Company entity and 1 x Employee entity, and then I got exception: Unable to determine the principal end of the 'CodeLab.EFTest.Employee_Company' relationship. Multiple added entities may have the same primary key. Does this mean that in cases where foreign key is 0, and there is a single matching entity being inserted in same SaveChanges transaction, Entity Framework will assume that foreign key should be for that matching entity? In second test, when there are two entities matching the relation type, Entity Framework throws an exception as it is not able to figure out to which of the Companies Employee should be related to.

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  • SQL Server (2012 Enterprise) Browser service failing

    - by Watki02
    SQL Server (2012 Enterprise) Browser service failing I have a problem as described below: I have an instance of SQL Server 2012 Enterprise (thanks to MSDN) for local development on my PC. I try to start SQL server Browser Service from SQL Server Configuration Manager and it takes a long time to fail, then fails with: The request failed or the service did not respond in a timely fashion. Consult the event log or other applicable error logs for details. I checked event logs and found these errors in this order (all within the same 1-second time frame): The SQL Server Browser service port is unavailable for listening, or invalid. The SQL Server Browser service was unable to establish SQL instance and connectivity discovery. The SQL Server Browser is enabling SQL instance and connectivity discovery support. The SQL Server Browser service was unable to establish Analysis Services discovery. The SQL Server Browser service has started. The SQL Server Browser service has shutdown. I checked firewall rules and both port 1433 (TCP) and 1434 (UDP) are wide open, just as well - the programs and service binary had been "allowed through windows firewall". I started the "Analysis Services" service by hand and it works fine. Browser still won't start. Some History: Installed SQL 2008 R2 express advanced Installed SQL2012 Express advanced Uninstalled SQL 2008 R2 express advanced Installed 2012 SSDT and lots of features with Express install Installed a unique instance of SQL 2012 Enterprise with all features Uninstalled SSDT and reinstalled SSDT with Enterprise (solved a different problem) Uninstalled SQL 2012 Express Uninstalled SQL 2012 Enterprise Removed anything with "SQL" in the name from Control panel "Programs and features" Installed SQL 2012 Enterprise without Analysis services (This is where I noticed SQL Browser service was failing to start even on the install) Added the feature of Analysis Services (and everything else) via the installer (Browser continued to fail to start on the install) ======================== Other interesting facts: opening a command window with administrator and trying to run sqlbrowser.exe manually yielded: Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601] Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. C:\Windows\system32cd C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\90\Shared C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\90\Sharedsqlbrowser.exe -c SQLBrowser: starting up in console mode SQLBrowser: starting up SSRP redirection service SQLBrowser: failed starting SSRP redirection services -- shutting down. SQLBrowser: starting up OLAP redirection service SQLBrowser: Stopping the OLAP redirector C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SQL Server\90\Shared As I try to repair the install it errors out saying The following error has occurred: Service 'SQLBrowser' start request failed. Click 'Retry' to retry the failed action, or click 'Cancel' to cancel this action and continue setup. For help, click: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink?LinkID=20476&ProdName=Microsoft%20SQL%20Server&EvtSrc=setup.rll&EvtID=50000&ProdVer=11.0.2100.60&EvtType=0x4F9BEA51%25400xD3BEBD98%25401211%25401 Clicking retry fails every time. When clicking cancel I get: The following error has occurred: SQL Server Browser configuration for feature 'SQL_Browser_Redist_SqlBrowser_Cpu32' was cancelled by user after a previous installation failure. The last attempted step: Starting the SQL Server Browser service 'SQLBrowser', and waiting for up to '900' seconds for the process to complete. . For help, click: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink?LinkID=20476&ProdName=Microsoft%20SQL%20Server&EvtSrc=setup.rll&EvtID=50000&ProdVer=11.0.2100.60&EvtType=0x4F9BEA51%25400xD3BEBD98%25401211%25401 When I go to uninstall the SQL Browser from "Programs and Features", it complains: Error opening installation log file. Verify that the specified log file location exists and is writable. Is there any way I can fix this short of re-imaging my computer and reinstalling from scratch? A possible approach would be to somehow really uninstall everything and delete all files related to SQL... is that a good idea, and how do I do that?

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  • Moving Zend Framework 2 from apache to nginx

    - by Aleksander
    I would like to move site that uses Zend Framework 2 from Apache to Nginx. The problem is that site have 6 modules, and apache handles it by aliases defined in httpd-vhosts.conf, #httpd-vhosts.conf <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerName localhost:443 Alias /develop/cpanel "C:/webapps/develop/mil_catele_cp/public" Alias /develop/docs/tech "C:/webapps/develop/mil_catele_tech_docs/public" Alias /develop/docs "C:/webapps/develop/mil_catele_docs/public" Alias /develop/auth "C:/webapps/develop/mil_catele_auth/public" Alias /develop "C:/webapps/develop/mil_web_dicom_viewer/public" DocumentRoot "C:/webapps/mil_catele_homepage" </VirtualHost> in httpd.conf DocumentRoot is set to C:/webapps. Sites are avialeble at for example localhost/develop/cpanel. Framework handles further routing. In Nginx I was able to make only one site available by specifing root C:/webapps/develop/mil_catele_tech_docs/public; in server block. It works only because docs module don't depend on auth like others, and site was at localhost/. In next attempt: root C:/webapps; location /develop/auth { root C:/webapps/develop/mil_catele_auth/public; try_files $uri $uri/ /develop/mil_catele_auth/public/index.php$is_args$args; } Now as I enter localhost/develop/cpanel it gets to correct index.php but can't find any resources (css,js files). I have no Idea why reference paths in browswer's GET requsts changed to https://localhost/css/bootstrap.css form https://localhost/develop/auth/css/bootstrap.css as it was on apache. This root directive seems not working. Nginx handles php by using fastCGI location ~ \.(php|phtml)?$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param APPLICATION_ENV production; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } I googled whole day, and found nothing usefull. Can someone help me make this configuration work like on Apache?

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  • JBoss Seam: In ScopeType.PAGE I get: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No conversation context active

    - by Markos Fragkakis
    Hi all, I have a page-scoped component, which has an instance variable List with data, which I display in a datatable. This datatable has pagination, sorting and filtering. The first time gate into the page, I get this appended in my URL: ?conversationId=97. The page works correctly, and when I change datatable pages no now component is created. After a minute or two, and at seamingly random time, I get an exception saying that there is no context. I have not used @Create in my code or my navigation files. So, I have two questions: Why do I get this suffix in my URL? Why did a conversation start? Why the exception? The component is scoped to PAGE. If I received an exception, it should not be related to a conversation. Right? Or is the conversation the exception is referring a temporary conversation? Cheers! UPDATE: This is the page: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:ui="http://java.sun.com/jsf/facelets" xmlns:h="http://java.sun.com/jsf/html" xmlns:f="http://java.sun.com/jsf/core" xmlns:a4j="http://richfaces.org/a4j" xmlns:rich="http://richfaces.org/rich"> <body> <ui:composition template="/WEB-INF/facelets/templates/template.xhtml"> <ui:define name="content"> <!-- This method returns focus on the filter --> <script type="text/javascript"> function submitByEnter(event){ if (event.keyCode == 13) { if (event.preventDefault) { // Firefox event.preventDefault(); } else { // IE event.returnValue = false; } document.getElementById("refreshButton").click(); } } </script> <h:form prependId="false"> <h:commandButton action="Back" value="Back to home page" /> <br /> <p><h:outputText value="Applicants and Products (experimentation page)" class="page_title" /></p> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showCreateApplicant}" value="Create Applicant" id="createApplicantButton"> </h:commandButton> <a4j:commandButton value="Refresh" id="refreshButton" action="#{applicantProductListBean.refreshData}" image="/images/icons/refresh48x48.gif" reRender="compositeTable, compositeScroller"> <!-- <f:setPropertyActionListener--> <!-- target="# {pageScrollerBean.applicantProductListPage}" value="1" />--> </a4j:commandButton> <rich:toolTip for="createApplicantButton" value="Create Applicant" /> <rich:dataTable styleClass="composite2DataTable" id="compositeTable" rows="1" columnClasses="col" value="#{applicantProductListBean.dataModel}" var="pageAppList"> <f:facet name="header"> <rich:columnGroup> <rich:column colspan="3"> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Applicants" /> </rich:column> <rich:column colspan="3"> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Products" /> </rich:column> <rich:column breakBefore="true"> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Applicant Name" /> <a4j:commandButton id="sortingApplicantNameButton" action="#{applicantProductListBean.toggleSorting('applicantName')}" image="/images/icons/sorting/#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListSorting.sortingValues['applicantName']}.gif" reRender="sortingApplicantNameButton, sortingApplicantEmailButton, compositeTable, compositeScroller"> <!-- <f:setPropertyActionListener--> <!-- target="#{pageScrollerBean.applicantProductListPage}" value="1" />--> </a4j:commandButton> <br /> <h:inputText value="#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListFiltering.filteringValues['applicantName']}" id="applicantNameFilterValue" onkeypress="return submitByEnter(event)"> </h:inputText> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Applicant Email" /> <a4j:commandButton id="sortingApplicantEmailButton" action="#{applicantProductListBean.toggleSorting('applicantEmail')}" image="/images/icons/sorting/#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListSorting.sortingValues['applicantEmail']}.gif" reRender="sortingApplicantNameButton, sortingApplicantEmailButton, compositeTable, compositeScroller"> <!-- <f:setPropertyActionListener--> <!-- target="#{pageScrollerBean.applicantProductListPage}" value="1" />--> </a4j:commandButton> <br /> <h:inputText value="#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListFiltering.filteringValues['applicantEmail']}" id="applicantEmailFilterValue" onkeypress="return submitByEnter(event)"> </h:inputText> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Applicant Actions" /> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Product Name" /> <a4j:commandButton id="sortingProductNameButton" action="#{applicantProductListBean.toggleSorting('productName')}" immediate="true" image="/images/icons/sorting/#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListSorting.sortingValues['productName']}.gif" reRender="sortingProductNameButton, compositeTable, compositeScroller"> </a4j:commandButton> <br /> <h:inputText value="#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListFiltering.filteringValues['productName']}" id="productNameFilterValue" onkeypress="return submitByEnter(event)"> </h:inputText> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Product Email" /> <br /> <h:inputText value="#{sortingFilteringBean.applicantProductListFiltering.filteringValues['productEmail']}" id="productEmailFilterValue" onkeypress="return submitByEnter(event)"> </h:inputText> </rich:column> <rich:column> <h:outputText styleClass="headerText" value="Product Actions" /> </rich:column> </rich:columnGroup> </f:facet> <rich:subTable rowClasses="odd_applicant_row, even_applicant_row" value="#{pageAppList}" var="app"> <rich:column styleClass=" internal_cell composite2TextContainingColumn" valign="top"> <h:outputText value="#{app.name}" /> </rich:column> <rich:column styleClass="internal_cell composite2TextContainingColumn" valign="top"> <h:outputText value="#{app.receiptEmail}" /> </rich:column> <rich:column valign="top" styleClass="buttonsColumn"> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showUpdateApplicant(app)}" image="/images/icons/edit.jpg"> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="editApplicantButton" value="Edit Applicant" />--> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showDeleteApplicant(app)}" image="/images/icons/delete.png"> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="deleteApplicantButton" value="Delete Applicant" />--> </rich:column> <rich:column colspan="3"> <table class="productsTableTable"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="createProductButtonTableCell"><h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showCreateProduct(app)}" value="Create Product"> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="createProductButton" value="Create Product" />--> </td> </tr> <tr> <td><rich:dataTable value="#{app.products}" var="prod" rowClasses="odd_product_row, even_product_row"> <rich:column styleClass="internal_cell composite2TextContainingColumn"> <h:outputText value="#{prod.inventedName}" /> </rich:column> <rich:column styleClass="internal_cell composite2TextContainingColumn"> <h:outputText value="#{prod.receiptEmail}" /> </rich:column> <rich:column styleClass="buttonsColumn"> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showUpdateProduct(prod)}" image="/images/icons/edit.jpg"> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="editProductButton" value="Edit Product" />--> <h:commandButton action="#{applicantProductListBean.showDeleteProduct(prod)}" image="/images/icons/delete.png"> <f:setPropertyActionListener target="#{productBean.product}" value="#{prod}" /> </h:commandButton> <!-- <rich:toolTip for="deleteProductButton" value="Delete Product" />--> </rich:column> </rich:dataTable></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </rich:column> </rich:subTable> <f:facet name="footer"> <h:panelGrid columns="1" styleClass="applicantProductListFooter"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.no_results}" rendered="#{(empty applicantProductListBean.dataModel) || (applicantProductListBean.dataModel.rowCount==0)}"/> <rich:datascroller align="center" for="compositeTable" page="#{pageScrollerBean.applicantProductListPage}" id="compositeScroller" reRender="compositeTable" renderIfSinglePage="false" fastControls="hide"> <f:facet name="first"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.first}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="first_disabled"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.first}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="last"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.last}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="last_disabled"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.last}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="next"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.next}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="next_disabled"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.next}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="previous"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.previous}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> <f:facet name="previous_disabled"> <h:outputText value="#{msgs.previous}" styleClass="scrollerCell" /> </f:facet> </rich:datascroller> </h:panelGrid> </f:facet> </rich:dataTable> </h:form> </ui:define> This is the backing bean: @Name("applicantProductListBean") @Scope(ScopeType.PAGE) public class ApplicantProductListBean extends BasePagedSortableFilterableListBean { /** * Public field for ad-hoc injection to work. */ @EJB(name = "FacadeService") public ApplicantFacadeService applicantFacadeService; @Logger private static Log logger; private final int pageSize = 10; @Out(scope = ScopeType.CONVERSATION, required = false) Applicant currentApplicant; @Out(scope = ScopeType.CONVERSATION, required = false) Product product; @Create public void onCreate() { System.out.println("Create"); } @Override protected DataModel initDataModel(int pageSize) { // get filtering and sorting from session sorting = getSorting(); filtering = getFiltering(); // System.out.println("Initializing a Composite3DataModel"); // System.out.println("Pagesize: " + pageSize); // System.out.println("Filtering: " + filtering.getFilteringValues()); // System.out.println("Sorting: " + sorting.getSortingValues()); return new Composite3DataModel(1, sorting, filtering); } // Navigation methods /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Create Applicant" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showCreateApplicant() { return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_CREATE_APPLICANT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Edit Applicant" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showUpdateApplicant( Applicant applicant) { this.currentApplicant = applicant; return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_UPDATE_APPLICANT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Delete Applicant" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showDeleteApplicant( Applicant applicant) { this.currentApplicant = applicant; return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_DELETE_APPLICANT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Create Product" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showCreateProduct(Applicant app) { this.product = new Product(); this.product.setApplicant(app); return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_CREATE_PRODUCT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Edit Product" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showUpdateProduct(Product prod) { this.product = prod; return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_UPDATE_PRODUCT; } /** * Navigation-returning method, returns the action to follow after pressing * the "Delete Product" button * * @return the action to be taken */ public Navigation.ApplicantProductList showDeleteProduct(Product prod) { this.product = prod; return Navigation.ApplicantProductList.SHOW_DELETE_PRODUCT; } /** * */ @Override public Sorting getSorting() { if (sorting == null) { return (getSortingFilteringBeanFromSession() .getApplicantProductListSorting()); } return sorting; } /** * */ @Override public void setSorting(Sorting sorting) { getSortingFilteringBeanFromSession().setApplicantProductListSorting( sorting); } /** * */ @Override public Filtering getFiltering() { if (filtering == null) { return (getSortingFilteringBeanFromSession() .getApplicantProductListFiltering()); } return filtering; } /** * */ @Override public void setFiltering(Filtering filtering) { getSortingFilteringBeanFromSession().setApplicantProductListFiltering( filtering); } /** * @return the currentApplicant */ public Applicant getCurrentApplicant() { return currentApplicant; } /** * @param currentApplicant * the currentApplicant to set */ public void setCurrentApplicant(Applicant applicant) { this.currentApplicant = applicant; } /** * The model for this page * */ private class Composite3DataModel extends PagedSortableFilterableDataModel<List<Applicant>> { public Composite3DataModel(int pageSize, Sorting sorting, Filtering filtering) { super(pageSize, sorting, filtering); } @Override protected DataPage<List<Applicant>> fetchPage(int fakeStartRow, int fakePageSize) { // if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { System.out.println("Getting page with fakeStartRow: " + fakeStartRow + " and fakePageSize " + fakePageSize); // } // to find the page size multiply the startRow and the fakePageSize // (which is 1) to the actual page size int startRow = fakeStartRow * ApplicantProductListBean.this.pageSize; int pageSize = fakePageSize * ApplicantProductListBean.this.pageSize; // if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { System.out.println("Getting page with startRow: " + startRow + " and pageSize " + pageSize); // } List<Applicant> pageApplicants = applicantFacadeService .findPagedWithCriteria(startRow, pageSize, filtering, sorting); // List<Applicant> pageApplicants = applicantFacadeService // .findPagedWithDynamicQuery(startRow, pageSize, filtering, // sorting, true); // if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { System.out.println("Set of applicants: " + pageApplicants.size()); // } List<List<Applicant>> pageApplicantsListContainer = new ArrayList<List<Applicant>>(); pageApplicantsListContainer.add(pageApplicants); DataPage<List<Applicant>> dataPage = new DataPage<List<Applicant>>( this.getRowCount(), fakeStartRow, pageApplicantsListContainer); return dataPage; } @Override protected int getDatasetSize() { // int size = getServiceFacade().countWithCriteria(filtering, // sorting); // int size = // applicantFacadeService.countWithDynamicQuery(filtering, sorting, // false); int size = (int) Math.ceil((double) applicantFacadeService .countWithCriteria(filtering, sorting, false) / pageSize); if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Got Dataset Size: " + size); } return size; } } /** * @return the product */ public Product getProduct() { return product; } /** * @param product * the product to set */ public void setProduct(Product product) { this.product = product; } }

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  • Inheritance Mapping Strategies with Entity Framework Code First CTP5 Part 1: Table per Hierarchy (TPH)

    - by mortezam
    A simple strategy for mapping classes to database tables might be “one table for every entity persistent class.” This approach sounds simple enough and, indeed, works well until we encounter inheritance. Inheritance is such a visible structural mismatch between the object-oriented and relational worlds because object-oriented systems model both “is a” and “has a” relationships. SQL-based models provide only "has a" relationships between entities; SQL database management systems don’t support type inheritance—and even when it’s available, it’s usually proprietary or incomplete. There are three different approaches to representing an inheritance hierarchy: Table per Hierarchy (TPH): Enable polymorphism by denormalizing the SQL schema, and utilize a type discriminator column that holds type information. Table per Type (TPT): Represent "is a" (inheritance) relationships as "has a" (foreign key) relationships. Table per Concrete class (TPC): Discard polymorphism and inheritance relationships completely from the SQL schema.I will explain each of these strategies in a series of posts and this one is dedicated to TPH. In this series we'll deeply dig into each of these strategies and will learn about "why" to choose them as well as "how" to implement them. Hopefully it will give you a better idea about which strategy to choose in a particular scenario. Inheritance Mapping with Entity Framework Code FirstAll of the inheritance mapping strategies that we discuss in this series will be implemented by EF Code First CTP5. The CTP5 build of the new EF Code First library has been released by ADO.NET team earlier this month. EF Code-First enables a pretty powerful code-centric development workflow for working with data. I’m a big fan of the EF Code First approach, and I’m pretty excited about a lot of productivity and power that it brings. When it comes to inheritance mapping, not only Code First fully supports all the strategies but also gives you ultimate flexibility to work with domain models that involves inheritance. The fluent API for inheritance mapping in CTP5 has been improved a lot and now it's more intuitive and concise in compare to CTP4. A Note For Those Who Follow Other Entity Framework ApproachesIf you are following EF's "Database First" or "Model First" approaches, I still recommend to read this series since although the implementation is Code First specific but the explanations around each of the strategies is perfectly applied to all approaches be it Code First or others. A Note For Those Who are New to Entity Framework and Code-FirstIf you choose to learn EF you've chosen well. If you choose to learn EF with Code First you've done even better. To get started, you can find a great walkthrough by Scott Guthrie here and another one by ADO.NET team here. In this post, I assume you already setup your machine to do Code First development and also that you are familiar with Code First fundamentals and basic concepts. You might also want to check out my other posts on EF Code First like Complex Types and Shared Primary Key Associations. A Top Down Development ScenarioThese posts take a top-down approach; it assumes that you’re starting with a domain model and trying to derive a new SQL schema. Therefore, we start with an existing domain model, implement it in C# and then let Code First create the database schema for us. However, the mapping strategies described are just as relevant if you’re working bottom up, starting with existing database tables. I’ll show some tricks along the way that help you dealing with nonperfect table layouts. Let’s start with the mapping of entity inheritance. -- The Domain ModelIn our domain model, we have a BillingDetail base class which is abstract (note the italic font on the UML class diagram below). We do allow various billing types and represent them as subclasses of BillingDetail class. As for now, we support CreditCard and BankAccount: Implement the Object Model with Code First As always, we start with the POCO classes. Note that in our DbContext, I only define one DbSet for the base class which is BillingDetail. Code First will find the other classes in the hierarchy based on Reachability Convention. public abstract class BillingDetail  {     public int BillingDetailId { get; set; }     public string Owner { get; set; }             public string Number { get; set; } } public class BankAccount : BillingDetail {     public string BankName { get; set; }     public string Swift { get; set; } } public class CreditCard : BillingDetail {     public int CardType { get; set; }                     public string ExpiryMonth { get; set; }     public string ExpiryYear { get; set; } } public class InheritanceMappingContext : DbContext {     public DbSet<BillingDetail> BillingDetails { get; set; } } This object model is all that is needed to enable inheritance with Code First. If you put this in your application you would be able to immediately start working with the database and do CRUD operations. Before going into details about how EF Code First maps this object model to the database, we need to learn about one of the core concepts of inheritance mapping: polymorphic and non-polymorphic queries. Polymorphic Queries LINQ to Entities and EntitySQL, as object-oriented query languages, both support polymorphic queries—that is, queries for instances of a class and all instances of its subclasses, respectively. For example, consider the following query: IQueryable<BillingDetail> linqQuery = from b in context.BillingDetails select b; List<BillingDetail> billingDetails = linqQuery.ToList(); Or the same query in EntitySQL: string eSqlQuery = @"SELECT VAlUE b FROM BillingDetails AS b"; ObjectQuery<BillingDetail> objectQuery = ((IObjectContextAdapter)context).ObjectContext                                                                          .CreateQuery<BillingDetail>(eSqlQuery); List<BillingDetail> billingDetails = objectQuery.ToList(); linqQuery and eSqlQuery are both polymorphic and return a list of objects of the type BillingDetail, which is an abstract class but the actual concrete objects in the list are of the subtypes of BillingDetail: CreditCard and BankAccount. Non-polymorphic QueriesAll LINQ to Entities and EntitySQL queries are polymorphic which return not only instances of the specific entity class to which it refers, but all subclasses of that class as well. On the other hand, Non-polymorphic queries are queries whose polymorphism is restricted and only returns instances of a particular subclass. In LINQ to Entities, this can be specified by using OfType<T>() Method. For example, the following query returns only instances of BankAccount: IQueryable<BankAccount> query = from b in context.BillingDetails.OfType<BankAccount>() select b; EntitySQL has OFTYPE operator that does the same thing: string eSqlQuery = @"SELECT VAlUE b FROM OFTYPE(BillingDetails, Model.BankAccount) AS b"; In fact, the above query with OFTYPE operator is a short form of the following query expression that uses TREAT and IS OF operators: string eSqlQuery = @"SELECT VAlUE TREAT(b as Model.BankAccount)                       FROM BillingDetails AS b                       WHERE b IS OF(Model.BankAccount)"; (Note that in the above query, Model.BankAccount is the fully qualified name for BankAccount class. You need to change "Model" with your own namespace name.) Table per Class Hierarchy (TPH)An entire class hierarchy can be mapped to a single table. This table includes columns for all properties of all classes in the hierarchy. The concrete subclass represented by a particular row is identified by the value of a type discriminator column. You don’t have to do anything special in Code First to enable TPH. It's the default inheritance mapping strategy: This mapping strategy is a winner in terms of both performance and simplicity. It’s the best-performing way to represent polymorphism—both polymorphic and nonpolymorphic queries perform well—and it’s even easy to implement by hand. Ad-hoc reporting is possible without complex joins or unions. Schema evolution is straightforward. Discriminator Column As you can see in the DB schema above, Code First has to add a special column to distinguish between persistent classes: the discriminator. This isn’t a property of the persistent class in our object model; it’s used internally by EF Code First. By default, the column name is "Discriminator", and its type is string. The values defaults to the persistent class names —in this case, “BankAccount” or “CreditCard”. EF Code First automatically sets and retrieves the discriminator values. TPH Requires Properties in SubClasses to be Nullable in the Database TPH has one major problem: Columns for properties declared by subclasses will be nullable in the database. For example, Code First created an (INT, NULL) column to map CardType property in CreditCard class. However, in a typical mapping scenario, Code First always creates an (INT, NOT NULL) column in the database for an int property in persistent class. But in this case, since BankAccount instance won’t have a CardType property, the CardType field must be NULL for that row so Code First creates an (INT, NULL) instead. If your subclasses each define several non-nullable properties, the loss of NOT NULL constraints may be a serious problem from the point of view of data integrity. TPH Violates the Third Normal FormAnother important issue is normalization. We’ve created functional dependencies between nonkey columns, violating the third normal form. Basically, the value of Discriminator column determines the corresponding values of the columns that belong to the subclasses (e.g. BankName) but Discriminator is not part of the primary key for the table. As always, denormalization for performance can be misleading, because it sacrifices long-term stability, maintainability, and the integrity of data for immediate gains that may be also achieved by proper optimization of the SQL execution plans (in other words, ask your DBA). Generated SQL QueryLet's take a look at the SQL statements that EF Code First sends to the database when we write queries in LINQ to Entities or EntitySQL. For example, the polymorphic query for BillingDetails that you saw, generates the following SQL statement: SELECT  [Extent1].[Discriminator] AS [Discriminator],  [Extent1].[BillingDetailId] AS [BillingDetailId],  [Extent1].[Owner] AS [Owner],  [Extent1].[Number] AS [Number],  [Extent1].[BankName] AS [BankName],  [Extent1].[Swift] AS [Swift],  [Extent1].[CardType] AS [CardType],  [Extent1].[ExpiryMonth] AS [ExpiryMonth],  [Extent1].[ExpiryYear] AS [ExpiryYear] FROM [dbo].[BillingDetails] AS [Extent1] WHERE [Extent1].[Discriminator] IN ('BankAccount','CreditCard') Or the non-polymorphic query for the BankAccount subclass generates this SQL statement: SELECT  [Extent1].[BillingDetailId] AS [BillingDetailId],  [Extent1].[Owner] AS [Owner],  [Extent1].[Number] AS [Number],  [Extent1].[BankName] AS [BankName],  [Extent1].[Swift] AS [Swift] FROM [dbo].[BillingDetails] AS [Extent1] WHERE [Extent1].[Discriminator] = 'BankAccount' Note how Code First adds a restriction on the discriminator column and also how it only selects those columns that belong to BankAccount entity. Change Discriminator Column Data Type and Values With Fluent API Sometimes, especially in legacy schemas, you need to override the conventions for the discriminator column so that Code First can work with the schema. The following fluent API code will change the discriminator column name to "BillingDetailType" and the values to "BA" and "CC" for BankAccount and CreditCard respectively: protected override void OnModelCreating(System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration.ModelBuilder modelBuilder) {     modelBuilder.Entity<BillingDetail>()                 .Map<BankAccount>(m => m.Requires("BillingDetailType").HasValue("BA"))                 .Map<CreditCard>(m => m.Requires("BillingDetailType").HasValue("CC")); } Also, changing the data type of discriminator column is interesting. In the above code, we passed strings to HasValue method but this method has been defined to accepts a type of object: public void HasValue(object value); Therefore, if for example we pass a value of type int to it then Code First not only use our desired values (i.e. 1 & 2) in the discriminator column but also changes the column type to be (INT, NOT NULL): modelBuilder.Entity<BillingDetail>()             .Map<BankAccount>(m => m.Requires("BillingDetailType").HasValue(1))             .Map<CreditCard>(m => m.Requires("BillingDetailType").HasValue(2)); SummaryIn this post we learned about Table per Hierarchy as the default mapping strategy in Code First. The disadvantages of the TPH strategy may be too serious for your design—after all, denormalized schemas can become a major burden in the long run. Your DBA may not like it at all. In the next post, we will learn about Table per Type (TPT) strategy that doesn’t expose you to this problem. References ADO.NET team blog Java Persistence with Hibernate book a { text-decoration: none; } a:visited { color: Blue; } .title { padding-bottom: 5px; font-family: Segoe UI; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 15px; } .code, .typeName { font-family: consolas; } .typeName { color: #2b91af; } .padTop5 { padding-top: 5px; } .padTop10 { padding-top: 10px; } p.MsoNormal { margin-top: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 10.0pt; margin-left: 0in; line-height: 115%; font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: "Calibri" , "sans-serif"; }

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