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• When is it possible to override top-level bindings in (R7RS) scheme?

  - by Marc

  I have read the current draft of the forthcoming R7RS scheme standard (small language), but I don't understand under which conditions it is not an error to redefine top-level bindings. I guess that it is possible to define or set! a binding that has been introduced at the top-level of a program a second time. But what about imported bindings from an external library? Is it possible to override these bindings by the standard? On page 26/27 of the report, it says: The top level of a program may also include import declarations. In a library declaration, it is an error to import the same identifier more than once with different bindings, or to redefine or mutate an imported binding with define, define-syntax or set!. However, a REPL should permit these actions. Does it mean that redefining is only an error when it does happen in libraries for imported bindings? I understand that it prohibits optimisations by compilers if the compiler does not know whether, say + still means the built-in addition or is any other user-specified error. But from this perspective, it does not make sense to restrict forbidding to rebind on the library level, when it would also make sense (at least) for imported bindings in programs. P.S.: As this is all about the environment of a scheme program: am I right in saying that environments are not first class citizens because one cannot get hold of the current environment? (Which, in turn, allows a compiled program to forget about the chosen names of the bindings.)

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• Caching queries in Django

  - by dolma33

  In a django project I only need to cache a few queries, using, because of server limitations, a cache table instead of memcached. One of those queries looks like this: Let's say I have a Parent object, which has a lot of Child objects. I need to store the result of the simple query parent.childs.all(). I have no problem with that, and everything works as expected with some code like key = "%s_children" %(parent.name) value = cache.get(key) if value is None: cache.set(key, parent.children.all(), CACHE_TIMEOUT) value = cache.get(key) But sometimes, just sometimes, the cache.set does nothing, and, after executing cache.set, cache.get(key) keeps returning None. After some test, I've noticed that cache.set is not working when parent.children.all().count() has higher values. That means that if I'm storing inside of key (for example) 600 children objects, it works fine, but it wont work with 1200 children. So my question is: is there a limit to the data that a key could store? How can I override it? Second question: which way is "better", the above code, or the following one? key = "%s_children" %(parent.name) value = cache.get(key) if value is None: value = parent.children.all() cache.set(key, value, CACHE_TIMEOUT) The second version won't cause errors if cache.set doesn't work, so it could be a workaround to my issue, but obviously not a solution. In general, let's forget about my issue, which version would you consider "better"?

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• hibernate empty collection in component

  - by Jurgen H

  I have a component mapped using Hibernate. If all fields in the component in the database are null, the component itself is set to null by hibernate. This is the expected behavior and also what I need. The problem I have, is that when I add a bag to that component, the bag is initialized to an empty list. This means the component has a non null value... resulting in the component being created. Any idea how to fix this? <class name="foo.bar.Entity" table="Entity"> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native" /> </id> <property name="departure" column="departure_time" /> <property name="arrival" column="arrival_time" /> <component name="statistics"> <bag name="linkStatistics" lazy="false" cascade="all" > <key column="entity_id" not-null="true" /> <one-to-many class="foo.bar.LinkStatistics" /> </bag> <property name="loggedTime" column="logged_time" /> ... </component> A criteria with Restirctions.isNull("statistics") does return the expected values.

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• Error in Android's clearCheck() for RadioGroup?

  - by Manuel R. Ciosici

  I'm having an issue with RadioGroup's clearChecked(). I'm displaying a multiple choice question to the user and after the user selects an answer I check the answer, give him some feedback and then move to the next question. In the process of moving to the next question I clearCheck on the RadioGroup. Can anyone explain to me why the onCheckedChanged method is called 3 times? Once when the change actually occurs (with the user changes), once when I clearCheck(with -1 as the selected id) and once in between (with the user changes again)? As far as I could tell the second trigger is provoked by clearCheck. Code below: private void checkAnswer(RadioGroup group, int checkedId){ // this makes sure it doesn't blow up when the check is cleared // also we don't check the answer when there is no answer if (checkedId == -1) return; if (group.getCheckedRadioButtonId() == -1) return; // check if correct answer if (checkedId == validAnswerId){ score++; this.giveFeedBack(feedBackType.GOOD); } else { this.giveFeedBack(feedBackType.BAD); } // allow for user to see feedback and move to next question h.postDelayed(this, 800); } private void changeToQuestion(int questionNumber){ if (questionNumber >= this.questionSet.size()){ // means we are past the question set // we're going to the score activity this.goToScoreActivity(); return; } //clearing the check gr.clearCheck(); // give change the feedback back to question imgFeedback.setImageResource(R.drawable.question_mark); //OTHER CODE HERE } and the run method looks like this public void run() { questionNumber++; changeToQuestion(questionNumber); }

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• Randomly Position A Div

  - by Connie

  I'm looking for a way to randomly position a div anywhere on a page (ONCE per load). I'm currently programming a PHP-based fantasy pet simulation game. One of the uncommon items on the game is a "Four Leaf Clover." Currently, users gain "Four Leaf Clovers" through random distribution - but I would like to change that (it's not interactive enough!). What I Am Trying To Do: The idea is to make users search for these "Four Leaf Clovers" by randomly placing this image anywhere on the page: (my rendition of a four leaf clover) I'd like to do this using a Java/Ajax script that generates a div, and then places it anywhere on the page. And does not move it once it's been placed, until the page is reloaded. I've tried so many Google searches, and the closest thing that I've found so far is this (click), from this question. But, removing the .fadein, .delay, and .fadeout stopped the script from working entirely. I'm not by any means a pro with Ajax. Is what I'm trying to do even possible?

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• JarEntry.getSize() is returning -1 when the jar files is opened as InputStream from URL

  - by Reshma Donthireddy

  I am trying to read file from the JarInputStream and the size of file is returning -1. I am accessing Jar file from the URL as a inputStream. URLConnection con = url.openConnection(); JarInputStream jis = new JarInputStream(con.getInputStream()); JarEntry je = null; while ((je = jis.getNextJarEntry()) != null) { htSizes.put(je.getName(), new Integer((int) je.getSize())); if (je.isDirectory()) { continue; } int size = (int) je.getSize(); // -1 means unknown size. if (size == -1) { size = ((Integer) htSizes.get(je.getName())).intValue(); } byte[] b = new byte[(int) size]; int rb = 0; int chunk = 0; while (((int) size - rb) > 0) { chunk = jis.read(b, rb, (int) size - rb); if (chunk == -1) { break; } rb += chunk; } // add to internal resource hashtable htJarContents.put(je.getName(), baos.toByteArray()); }

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• How to iterate properly across a const set?

  - by Jared

  I'm working on a program that's supposed to represent a graph. My issue is in my printAdjacencyList function. Basically, I have a Graph ADT that has a member variable "nodes", which is a map of the nodes of that graph. Each Node has a set of Edge* to the edges it is connected to. I'm trying to iterate across each node in the graph and each edge of a node. void MyGraph::printAdjacencyList() { std::map<std::string, MyNode*>::iterator mit; std::set<MyEdge*>::iterator sit; for (mit = nodes.begin(); mit != nodes.end(); mit++ ) { std::cout << mit->first << ": {"; const std::set<MyEdge*> edges = mit->second->getEdges(); for (sit = edges.begin(); sit != edges.end(); sit++) { std::pair<MyNode*, MyNode*> edgeNodes = *sit->getEndpoints(); } } std::cout << " }" << std::endl; } getEdges is declared as: const std::set<MyEdge*>& getEdges() { return edges; }; and get Endpoints is declared as: const std::pair<MyNode*, MyNode*>& getEndpoints() { return nodes; }; The compiler error I'm getting is: MyGraph.cpp:63: error: request for member `getEndpoints' in `*(&sit)->std::_Rb_tree_const_iterator<_Tp>::operator-> [with _Tp = MyEdge*]()', which is of non-class type `MyEdge* const' MyGraph.cpp:63: warning: unused variable 'edgeNodes' I have figured out that this probably means I'm misusing const somewhere, but I can't figure out where for the life of me. Any information would be appreciated. Thanks!

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• how to find missing rows in oracle

  - by user203212

  Hi, I have a table called 2 tables create table ORDERS ( ORDER_NO NUMBER(38,0) not null, ORDER_DATE DATE not null, SHIP_DATE DATE null, SHIPPING_METHOD VARCHAR2(12) null, TAX_STATUS CHAR(1) null, SUBTOTAL NUMBER null, TAX_AMT NUMBER null, SHIPPING_CHARGE NUMBER null, TOTAL_AMT NUMBER null, CUSTOMER_NO NUMBER(38,0) null, EMPLOYEE_NO NUMBER(38,0) null, BRANCH_NO NUMBER(38,0) null, constraint ORDERS_ORDERNO_PK primary key (ORDER_NO) ); and create table PAYMENTS ( PAYMENT_NO NUMBER(38,0) NOT NULL, CUSTOMER_NO NUMBER(38,0) null, ORDER_NO NUMBER(38,0) null, AMT_PAID NUMBER NULL, PAY_METHOD VARCHAR(10) NULL, DATE_PAID DATE NULL, LATE_DAYS NUMBER NULL, LATE_FEES NUMBER NULL, constraint PAYMENTS_PAYMENTNO_PK primary key (PAYMENT_NO) ); I am trying to find how many late orders each customer have. the column late_days in PAYMENTS table has how many days the customer is late for making payments for any particular order. so I am making this query SELECT C.CUSTOMER_NO, C.lname, C.fname, sysdate, COUNT(P.ORDER_NO) as number_LATE_ORDERS FROM CUSTOMER C, orders o, PAYMENTS P WHERE C.CUSTOMER_NO = o.CUSTOMER_NO AND P.order_no = o.order_no AND P.LATE_DAYS>0 group by C.CUSTOMER_NO, C.lname, C.fname That means, I am counting the orders those have any late payments and late_days0. But this is giving me only the customers who have any orders with late_days0, but the customers who does not have any late orders are not showing up. so if one customer has 5 orders with late payments then it is showing 5 for that customer, but if a customer have 0 late orders,that customer is not selected in this query. Is there any way to select all the customers , and if he has any late orders, it will show the number and also if he does not have any late orders, it will show 0.

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• Interpretation of int (*a)[3]

  - by kapuzineralex

  When working with arrays and pointers in C, one quickly discovers that they are by no means equivalent although it might seem so at a first glance. I know about the differences in L-values and R-values. Still, recently I tried to find out the type of a pointer that I could use in conjunction with a two-dimensional array, i.e. int foo[2][3]; int (*a)[3] = foo; However, I just can't find out how the compiler "understands" the type definition of a in spite of the regular operator precedence rules for * and []. If instead I were to use a typedef, the problem becomes significantly simpler: int foo[2][3]; typedef int my_t[3]; my_t *a = foo; At the bottom line, can someone answer me the questions as to how the term int (*a)[3] is read by the compiler? int a[3] is simple, int *a[3] is simple as well. But then, why is it not int *(a[3])? EDIT: Of course, instead of "typecast" I meant "typedef" (it was just a typo).

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• OpenSceneGraph C++ Access Violation reading location 0x00421000

  - by Kobojunkie

  Working with OpenSceneGraph, and I keep running into this violation issue that I would appreciate some help with. The problem is with the particular line below which happens to be the first in my main function. osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> bench = osgDB::readNodeFile("Models/test.IVE"); I have my models folder right in my directory. The error is as below. Unhandled exception at 0x68630A6C (msvcr100.dll) in OSG3D.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0x00421000. And this is where the problem seems to be coming up. /** Read an osg::Node from file. * Return valid osg::Node on success, * return NULL on failure. * The osgDB::Registry is used to load the appropriate ReaderWriter plugin * for the filename extension, and this plugin then handles the request * to read the specified file.*/ inline osg::Node* readNodeFile(const std::string& filename) { return readNodeFile(filename,Registry::instance()->getOptions()); } I would appreciate details on how best to tackle this kind of exception message in the future. Are there tools that make this easy to debug or are there ways to capture the exact issues and fix them? I would appreciate any help with this. My ultimate goal is to learn how to better debug C++ related issues please. With this, it means reading through the compiler error list http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/850cstw1(v=vs.71).aspx is not enough

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• OpenGL Pixel Format Attributes (NSOpenGLPixelFormatAttibutes) explanation?

  - by nacho4d

  Hi, I am not new to OpenGL, but not an expert. Many tutorials teach how to draw, 3D, 2D, projections, orthogonal, etc, but How about setting a the view? (NSOpenGLView in Cocoa, Macs). For example I have this: - (id) initWithFrame: (NSRect) frame { GLuint attribs[] = { //PF: PixelAttibutes NSOpenGLPFANoRecovery, NSOpenGLPFAWindow, NSOpenGLPFAAccelerated, NSOpenGLPFADoubleBuffer, NSOpenGLPFAColorSize, 24, NSOpenGLPFAAlphaSize, 8, NSOpenGLPFADepthSize, 24, NSOpenGLPFAStencilSize, 8, NSOpenGLPFAAccumSize, 0, 0 }; NSOpenGLPixelFormat* fmt = [[NSOpenGLPixelFormat alloc] initWithAttributes: (NSOpenGLPixelFormatAttribute*) attribs]; return self = [super initWithFrame:frame pixelFormat: [fmt autorelease]]; } And I don't understand very well their usage, specially when combining them. For example: If I want my view to be capable of full screen should I write NSOpenGLPFAFullScreen only ? or both? (by capable I mean not always in full screen) Regarding Double Buffer, what is this exactly? (Below: Apple's definition) If present, this attribute indicates that only double-buffered pixel formats are considered. Otherwise, only single-buffered pixel formats are considered Regarding Color: if NSOpenGLPFAColorSize is 24 and NSOpenGLPFAColorSize is 8 then it means that alpha and RGB components are treated differently? what happen if I set the former to 32 and the later to 0? Etc, etc,In general how do I learn to set my view from scratch? Thanks in advance. Ignacio.

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• What do you call a set of Javascript closures that share a common context?

  - by Ed Stauff

  I've been trying to learn closures (in Javascript), which kind of hurts my brain after way too many years with C# and C++. I think I now have a basic understanding, but one thing bothers me: I've visited lots of websites in this Quest for Knowledge, and nowhere have I seen a word (or even a simple two-word phrase) that means "a set of Javascript closures that share a common execution context". For example: function CreateThingy (name, initialValue) { var myName = name; var myValue = initialValue; var retObj = new Object; retObj.getName = function() { return myName; } retObj.getValue = function() { return myValue; } retObj.setValue = function(newValue) { myValue = newValue; } return retObj; }; From what I've read, this seems to be one common way of implementing data hiding. The value returned by CreateThingy is, of course, an object, but what would you call the set of functions which are properties of that object? Each one is a closure, but I'd like a name I can used to describe (and think about) all of them together as one conceptual entity, and I'd rather use a commonly accepted name than make one up. Thanks! -- Ed

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• How to calculate the current index?

  - by niko

  Hi, I have written an algorithm which iteratively solves the problem. The first iteration consists of 6 steps and all the following iterations consist of 5 steps (first step is skipped). What I want to calculate is the current (local) step in the iteration from current global step. For example if there are 41 steps in total which means there are 8 iterations: indices from 1 to 6 belong to 1st iteration indices from 7 to 11 belong to second iteration ... For calculating the current iteration I have written the following code: if(currentStep <= 6) iteration = 1; else iteration = floor((currentStep - 7)/5) + 2; end The problem remains in calculating local steps. in first iteration the performed steps are: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 in all the following iterations the performing steps are 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 So what has to be done is to transform the array of global steps [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ... 41] into array of local steps [1 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 2 3 ... 6]. I would appreciate if anyone could help in finding the solution to a given problem. Thank you!

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• Implementation help... Subclass NSManagedObject?

  - by Canada Dev

  I'm working on an app where I have some products that I download in a list. The downloaded products are displayed in a table and each will is showing a detail view with more information. These same products can be saved as a favorite, and for this I am using Core Data. I'd like to be able to re-use a bunch of views for displaying the products, which means the stores object and the downloaded object would have to be the same kind. Now, how would I go about best implementing the objects? Can I make a class such as this: FavoriteProduct : NSManageObject // implementation and then subclass Product : FavoriteProduct // implementation ? The CD class just doesn't give me everything. What would be the best way to merge these two object classes so I have as little work ahead of me in terms of implementing the different views for each object? Basically, I just want to be able to call the same methods, etc. on the Product objects as I would on the ones that are FavoriteProduct objects, and re-use views for both kinds. There's only a bit of difference between the two (one is of course stored as a favorite and has some extra values such as notes, tags, while the Product one doesn't). Thanks in advance

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• What would happen if a same file being read and appended at the same time(python programming)?

  - by Shane

  I'm writing a script using two separate thread one doing file reading operation and the other doing appending, both threads run fairly frequently. My question is, if one thread happens to read the file while the other is just in the middle of appending strings such as "This is a test" into this file, what would happen? I know if you are appending a smaller-than-buffer string, no matter how frequently you read the file in other threads, there would never be incomplete line such as "This i" appearing in your read file, I mean the os would either do: append "This is a test" - read info from the file; or: read info from the file - append "This is a test" to the file; and such would never happen: append "This i" - read info from the file - append "s a test". But if "This is a test" is big enough(assuming it's a bigger-than-buffer string), the os can't do appending job in one operation, so the appending job would be divided into two: first append "This i" to the file, then append "s a test", so in this kind of situation if I happen to read the file in the middle of the whole appending operation, would I get such result: append "This i" - read info from the file - append "s a test", which means I might read a file that includes an incomplete string?

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• Should '#include' and 'using' statements be repeated in both header and implementation files (C++)?

  - by Dr. Monkey

  I'm fairly new to C++, but my understanding is that a #include statement will essentially just dump the contents of the #included file into the location of that statement. This means that if I have a number of '#include' and 'using' statements in my header file, my implementation file can just #include the header file, and the compiler won't mind if I don't repeat the other statements. What about people though? My main concern is that if I don't repeat the '#include', 'using', and also 'typedef' (now that I think of it) statements, it takes that information away from the file in which it's used, which could lead to confusion. I am just working on small projects at the moment where it won't really cause any issues, but I can imagine that in larger projects with more people working on them it could become a significant issue. An example follows: //Unit.h #include <string> #include <ostream> #include "StringSet.h" using std::string; using std::ostream; class Unit { public: //public members private: //private members //unrelated side-question: should private members //even be included in the header file? } ; //Unit.cpp #include "Unit.h" //The following are all redundant from a compiler perspective: #include <string> #include <ostream> #include "StringSet.h" using std::string; using std::ostream; //implementation goes here

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• Finding and marking the largest of three values in a two dimensional array

  - by DavidYell

  I am working on a display screen for our office, and I can't seem to think of a good way to find the largest numerical value in a set of data in a two dimensional array. I've looked at using max() and also asort() but they don't seem to cope with a two dimensional array. I'm returning my data through our mysql class, so the rows are returned in a two dimensional array. Array( [0] => Array( [am] => 12, [sales] => 981), [1] => Array( [am] => 43, [sales] => 1012), [2] => Array( [am] => 17, [sales] => 876) ) I need to output a class when foreaching the data in my table for the AM with the highest sales value. Short of comparing them all in if statements. I have tried to get max() on the array, but it returns an array, as it's look within the dimension. When pointing it at a specific dimension it returns the key not the value. I figured that I could asort() the array and pop the top value off, store it in a variable and then compare against that in my foreach() loop, but that seems to have trouble sorting across two dimensions. Lastly, I figured that I could foreach() the values, comparing them against the previous one each time, untill I found the largest. This approach however means storing every value, luckily only three, but then comparing against them all again. Surely there must be a simpler way to achieve this, short of converting it into a single dimension array, then doing an asort() on that?

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• How to get notified about changes of the history via history.pushState?

  - by Felix Kling

  So now that HTML5 introduces history.pushState to change the browsers history, websites start using this in combination with Ajax instead of changing the fragment identifier of the URL. Sadly that means that those calls cannot be detect anymore by onhashchange. My question is: Is there a reliable way (hack? ;)) to detect when a website uses history.pushState? The specification does not state anything about events that are raised (at least I couldn't find anything). I tried to create a facade and replaced window.history with my own JavaScript object, but it didn't have any effect at all. Further explanation: I'm developing a Firefox add-on that needs to detect these changes and act accordingly. I know there was a similar question a few days ago that asked whether listening to some DOM events would be efficient but I would rather not rely on that because these events can be generated for a lot of different reasons. Update: Here is a jsfiddle (use Firefox 4 or Chrome 8) that shows that onpopstate is not triggered when pushState is called (or am I doing something wrong? Feel free to improve it!). Update 2: Another (side) problem is that window.location is not updated when using pushState (but I read about this already here on SO I think).

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• Should I *always* import my file references into the database in drupal?

  - by sprugman

  I have a cck type with an image field, and a unique_id text field. The file name of the image is based on the unique_id. All of the content, including the image itself is being generated automatically via another process, and I'm parsing what that generates into nodes. Rather than creating separate fields for the id and the image, and doing an official import of the image into the files table, I'm tempted to only create the id field and create the file reference in the theme layer. I can think of pros and cons: 1) Theme Layer Approach Pros: makes the import process much less complex don't have to worry about syncing the db with the file system as things change more flexible -- I can move my images around more easily if I want Cons: maybe not as much The Drupal Way™ not as pure -- I'll wind up with more logic on the theme side. 2) Import Approach Pros: import method is required if we ever wanted to make the files private (we won't.) safer? Maybe I'll know if there's a problem with the image at import time, rather than view time. Since I'll be bulk importing, that might make a difference. if I delete a node through the admin interface, drupal might be able to delete the file for me, as well. Con: more complex import and maintenance All else being equal, simpler is always better, so I'm leaning toward #1. Are there any other issues I'm missing? (Since this is an open ended question, I guess I'll make it a community wiki, whatever that means.)

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• Fixing an SQL where statement that is ugly and confusing

  - by Mike Wills

  I am directly querying the back-end MS SQL Server for a software package. The key field (vehicle number) is defined as alpha though we are entering numeric value in the field. There is only one exception to this, we place an "R" before the number when the vehicle is being retired (which means we sold it or the vehicle is junked). Assuming the users do this right, we should not run into a problem using this method. (Right or wrong isn't the issue here) Fast forward to now. I am trying to query a subset of these vehicle numbers (800 - 899) for some special processing. By doing a range of '800' to '899' we also get 80, 81, etc. If I cast the vehicle number into an INT, I should be able to get the right range. Except that these "R" vehicles are kicking me in the butt now. I have tried where vehicleId not like 'R%' and cast(vehicleId as int) between 800 and 899 however, I get a casting error on one of these "R" vehicles. What does work is where vehicleId not between '800' and '899' and cast(vehicleId as int) between 800 and 899', but I feel there has to be a better way and less confusing way. I have also tried other variations with HAVING and a sub-query all producing a casting error.

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• Create a simple automatic image switcher using jQuery

  - by Kim Andersen

  Hi all. I need to create a very simple image switcher that changes my images automatically. I have the following code: <div class="imgCarousel"> <div class="imgC1 left"><img src="/media/1614/1_1.jpg" alt="img1" /></div> <div class="imgC2 left"><img src="/media/1615/2_1.jpg" alt="img2" /></div> <div class="imgC3 left"><img src="/media/1616/3_1.gif" alt="img3" /></div> <div class="imgC4 left"><img src="/media/1617/4_1.jpg" alt="img4" /></div> <div class="imgC5 left"><img src="/media/1618/5_1.jpg" alt="img5a" /></div> <div class="imgC6 left"><img src="/media/1620/6_1.jpg" alt="img6a" /></div> <div class="imgC7 left"><img src="/media/1622/7.jpg" alt="img7" /></div> </div> Two of the above images should be switched automatically after a certain amount of time (every 3-4 sec.). This means that after 4 seconds, I'd like to change the image called /media/1618/5_1.jpg with another image. And after another 4 seconds, I'd switch back again. The same shold be made for one of my other images. How can I acomplish this with some jQuery?

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• Any web services with APIs for outsourcing webapp transactional email? [closed]

  - by Tauren

  My webapp needs to send customized messages to members and I'm wondering if there is an inexpensive and easy to use web service that would meet my needs. The types of mail I will be sending include: New account activation email (sent ASAP) Daily status report of user's account (sent anytime) Event reminders (sent at specific time) Specifically, I would like the following features: RESTful API to add an email message into the send queue A way to add a priority to each message (account signup activations should be sent immediately, while a daily status report could be sent anytime each day) They manage the sending of mail and the processing of bounces Possibly, they manage opt-out/opt-in features They offer features such as DKIM, VERP, etc. If their service determines an address is undeliverable (via VERP or other means, a user unsubscribes, etc), they make a RESTful call to my web service to notify me Nice if they had some reporting features, WebBugs, link tracking, etc. What I am NOT looking for is an email marketing service that caters only to sending out copies of the same mail to masses of recipients. I need to send out unique and custom messages to individuals. I had a chat with MailChimp about using their services for sending these types of messages and they said their service does not support customized emails per recipient. Edit: I just discovered a service called JangoSMTP that appears to meet many of my requirements. It provides an API for sending mail, supports DKIM, bounce management, and even feedback loops. Unfortunately, their idea of inexpensive doesn't mesh with mine, as it would cost $180/mo to send a single daily message to my 1000 users.

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• Is it not possible to make a C++ application "Crash Proof"?

  - by Enno Shioji

  Let's say we have an SDK in C++ that accepts some binary data (like a picture) and does something. Is it not possible to make this SDK "crash-proof"? By crash I primarily mean forceful termination by the OS upon memory access violation, due to invalid input passed by the user (like an abnormally short junk data). I have no experience with C++, but when I googled, I found several means that sounded like a solution (use a vector instead of an array, configure the compiler so that automatic bounds check is performed, etc.). When I presented this to the developer, he said it is still not possible.. Not that I don't believe him, but if so, how is language like Java handling this? I thought the JVM performs everytime a bounds check. If so, why can't one do the same thing in C++ manually? UPDATE By "Crash proof" I don't mean that the application does not terminate. I mean it should not abruptly terminate without information of what happened (I mean it will dump core etc., but is it not possible to display a message like "Argument x was not valid" etc.?)

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• Why would one want to use the public constructors on Boolean and similar immutable classes?

  - by Robert J. Walker

  (For the purposes of this question, let us assume that one is intentionally not using auto(un)boxing, either because one is writing pre-Java 1.5 code, or because one feels that autounboxing makes it too easy to create NullPointerExceptions.) Take Boolean, for example. The documentation for the Boolean(boolean) constructor says: Note: It is rarely appropriate to use this constructor. Unless a new instance is required, the static factory valueOf(boolean) is generally a better choice. It is likely to yield significantly better space and time performance. My question is, why would you ever want to get a new instance in the first place? It seems like things would be simpler if constructors like that were private. For example, if they were, you could write this with no danger (even if myBoolean were null): if (myBoolean == Boolean.TRUE) It'd be safe because all true Booleans would be references to Boolean.TRUE and all false Booleans would be references to Boolean.FALSE. But because the constructors are public, someone may have used them, which means that you have to write this instead: if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(myBoolean)) But where it really gets bad is when you want to check two Booleans for equality. Something like this: if (myBooleanA == myBooleanB) ...becomes this: if ( (myBooleanA == null && myBooleanB == null) || (myBooleanA == null && myBooleanA.equals(myBooleanB)) ) I can't think of any reason to have separate instances of these objects which is more compelling than not having to do the nonsense above. What say you?

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• What is the event dispatching thread?

  - by Roman

  I know what "thread" means and if I understand the event dispatching thread (EDT) as "just a thread", it explains a lot but, apparently, it does not explain everything. I do not understand what is special about this thread. For example I do not understand why we should start a GUI in a the EDT? Why the "main" thread is bed for GUI? Well, if we just do not want to occupy the main thread why we cannot start GUI just in "another thread" why it should be some "special" thread called EDT? Then I do not understand why we cannot start the EDT like any other thread? Why we should use some special tool (called invokeLater). And why GUI, unlike any other thread, does not start immediately. We should wait until it is ready to accept our job. Is it because EDT can, potentially execute several task simultaneously? If you decide to answer this question, could you pleas use a really simple terminology because otherwise, I am afraid, I will not be able to understand the answer.

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