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  • CPU I/O communication

    - by b-gen-jack-o-neill
    Hi, I know there is this question already discussed, but I still don´t understand something, so please just help me clarify it. What I understand there is 2 way to do I/O aka communicate from CPU with other HW. One is to use in and out instructions, and second is the memory mapped. But what I don´t actually understand is, is IN and OUT instructions are used, you define source port. But what is this port? I mean, is it different set of pins on CPU or what? And, to what is that port connected? And for the memory mapped, I miss just a tiny detail. Wheather memory mapped I/O must be first set by IN and OUT instructions, or does the device actually somehow itself connects to the RAM and reads it? Thanks.

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  • Finding throuput of CPU and Hardrive on Solaris

    - by Jim
    How do i find the throughput of a CPU and the Hardisk on an open solaris machine. Using MPstat or iostat. I'm having a hard time identifying the throughput if it is given at all in the commands output. Eg. in mpstat there is very little explanation as to what the columns mean http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/doc/816-5166/mpstat-1m?l=en&a=view&q=syscl+mpstat I've been using the syscl column divided by time interval to find the throughput but to be honest i have no idea what a system call truelly is. I'm trying to to analyze a hardrive and CPU while writing a file to the hardisk and when at rest Thanks in advance. Jim

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  • sar command to generate only CPU utilization and network statistics in Linux

    - by Vijay Shankar Kalyanaraman
    I want to be able to generate the system activity report every 30 seconds or every minute and store in a file and use it for diagnostic purposes on my VM. So I give an output file for the sar command and read it using the "-f" option. But I only use the CPU utilization and network utilization part of the report and so rest is all that I don't want to save (waste the space in the disk to store these reports). Also the sar files that are generated are all binary. Is there a way to collect these stats for the CPU and network utilization alone? and so save almost 2/3rds the space on the disk?

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  • Work around for yahoo mail slowness (using 100% cpu)

    - by Tony Lee
    My yahoo mail is very slow sometimes. When it is, I notice that IE8 is using 100% cpu. Using sysinternals process explorer I discovered the thread using all the cpu in IE8 has Flash in the stackwalk. I upgraded flash from 9 to 10, but the problem persists. I'm about to edit hosts to block the flash content by redirecting the yahoo and ad click dns entries. Is there some easier way to get flash to behave? The fix for the long run will be switching to gmail.

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  • Thermal risks to other components when watercooling CPU

    - by B Sharp
    I recently ordered all the components for a new desktop system to replace my old, dying computer. I wanted to have a really quiet desktop, so I got a case rated for being quiet and opted to try a closed-system CPU water cooling kit (Antec Kuhler H2O 620) that was on sale for a very good price over the Thanksgiving weekend. Most of my components are still in transit, but I became somewhat worried when a friend mentioned that abandoning air cooling units can result in heat buildup inside the case due to heat generated by the video card and other components such as RAM, the northbridge, MOSFETs and voltage regulators radiating heat that the CPU fan would normally at least keep circulating around so it doesn't build up in localized areas. Is this a realistic problem? What other precautions should I take to remove heat from other components? Adding more case fans seems like it would get really noisy. Are there quiet alternatives?

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  • Finding throuput of CPU and Hardrive on Solaris

    - by Jim
    How do I find the throughput of a CPU and the hard disk on an OpenSolaris machine? Using mpstat or iostat? I'm having a hard time identifying the throughput if it is given at all in the commands output. For example, in mpstat there is very little explanation as to what the columns mean. I've been using the syscl column divided by time interval to find the throughput but to be honest I have no idea what a system call truly is. I'm trying to to analyze a hardrive and CPU while writing a file to the hardisk and when at rest.

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  • How to properly set CPU Units for OpenVz VEs

    - by gucki
    According to all the sources I read (openvz wiki, various mailinglists, forums, ..) the values of the cpuunits settings are relative to each other. So when all are equal and the system is busy, all receive the same cpu share. But something still puzzles me with that: why is there a tool "vzcpucheck" which shows "the power of the node/ host": Current CPU utilization: 18000 Power of the node: 880001 Why is there (do I need) an absolute number when all settings are only relative? Shouldn't those two settings result in exactly the same? ve1: 1 ve2: 1 ve3: 1 = 3 ve1: 293334 ve1: 293334 ve1: 293334 = 880001 (power of the node) What's the difference?

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  • Windows 7 system CPU bogged by windows services, no explanation

    - by Alex
    I'm looking at a laptop for a colleague which is running terribly slow. A quick look showed that the CPU was 100% used by 2-3 SVCHost processes, which off course doesn't tell much since those are just 'cover' processes with services running underneath them. So I fired up process explorer in hopes of finding a shady rogue service which was bogging the system, but to my suprise I found genuine MS Windows processes (or at least damn-good disguised ones) are bogging down the system: dnscache (DNS Client) IKEEXT (IKE and AuthIP IPSec Keyring modules) iphlpsvc (IP Helper) Seen separately, these processes might seem odd to be using a lot of CPU, but taking a step back one can conclude that all three services are quite closely related to networking. I've tried running: netsh int ip reset log.txt which has helped me save bizarre network-related problems in the past, but this didn't help Off course I though about a virus, but both MS Security Essentials as well as malwarebytes (let both run a full scan).

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  • process ksoftirqd consumes permanent 15% CPU load [closed]

    - by markus
    Possible Duplicate: Anyone else experiencing high rates of Linux server crashes during a leap second day? The process ksoftirqd/0 uses permanent 15% CPU on our debian squeeze server. 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 15.0 0.0 850:59.17 ksoftirqd/0 I already read that this can have various reason like Full harddisk or high network traffic. In our case we do have more or less low network traffic and enough space on hard disk. How can I analyse what causes ksoftirqd/0 to use permanently 15% CPU?

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  • Eclipse Indigo very slow on Kubuntu 12.04

    - by herom
    hello fellow ubuntu users! I have a really big problem with my Eclipse Indigo running on Kubuntu 12.04 32bit, Dell Vostro 3500, Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M480 @ 2.67 (as cat /proc/cpuinfo said). It has 4GB RAM. cat /proc/cpuinfo brings up the following: processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 37 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M 480 @ 2.67GHz stepping : 5 microcode : 0x2 cpu MHz : 1197.000 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 11 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm ida arat dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid bogomips : 5319.85 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: processor : 1 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 37 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M 480 @ 2.67GHz stepping : 5 microcode : 0x2 cpu MHz : 1197.000 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 2 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 4 initial apicid : 4 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 11 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm ida arat dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid bogomips : 5319.88 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: processor : 2 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 37 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M 480 @ 2.67GHz stepping : 5 microcode : 0x2 cpu MHz : 1197.000 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 1 initial apicid : 1 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 11 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm ida arat dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid bogomips : 5319.88 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: processor : 3 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 37 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5 CPU M 480 @ 2.67GHz stepping : 5 microcode : 0x2 cpu MHz : 1197.000 cache size : 3072 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 4 core id : 2 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 5 initial apicid : 5 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 11 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm ida arat dts tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid bogomips : 5319.88 clflush size : 64 cache_alignment : 64 address sizes : 36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual power management: java -version brings the following: java version "1.7.0_04" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_04-b20) Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 23.0-b21, mixed mode) it's the Oracle Java, not OpenJDK. I try to develop an Android application for GoogleTV and Eclipse is this slow, that it can't follow my typing (extreme lagging!!), but this issue makes it almost impossible! here is my eclipse.ini file: -startup plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher_1.2.0.v20110502.jar --launcher.library plugins/org.eclipse.equinox.launcher.gtk.linux.x86_1.1.100.v20110505 -product org.eclipse.epp.package.java.product --launcher.defaultAction openFile -showsplash org.eclipse.platform --launcher.XXMaxPermSize 512m --launcher.defaultAction openFile -vmargs -Dosgi.requiredJavaVersion=1.5 -Declipse.p2.unsignedPolicy=allow -Xms256m -Xmx512m -Xss4m -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=384m -XX:CompileThreshold=5 -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=10 -XX:MaxHeapFreeRatio=70 -XX:+CMSIncrementalPacing -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=64m -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote has anybody faced the same problems? can anybody help me on this problem? it's really urgent as I'm sitting here at my company and am not able to do anything productive...

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  • Intel Extreme Tuning utility options are greyed

    - by Abhishek Sha
    I'm having a ASUS K55VM with Intel Core i7 3610QM (IvyBridge) with a NVIDIA GT630M. I'm trying to operate the Intel XTU, but as you can see in the screenshot, all the options are greyed out. Can you please help with this situation. Another are is the CPU Throttling (Intel SpeedStep) which is always shown as 0%. But in the Intel Turbo Monitor, the Speed keeps dynamically changing. Then why is the CPU Throttling always at 0%?:

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  • is there anyway to know if your supposedly fully dedicated server is really a virtually resource-sha

    - by siran
    Hi, sometimes I feel my server not responding as smoothly as I would expect (i have a Intel(R) Xeon(TM) CPU 2.80GHz Quad Core), given that for example, the 'top' commands reports a low load < 0.5, CPU are almost completely idle ... I maybe have internet connectivity issues, so I don't really know if it's me or if it's the server itself. Is there anykind of benchmarking script (or something analogous) I could run and see the actual performance of the server ?

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  • SSE2 - SSE4.2 Compatibility

    - by Jim Fell
    Hello. I am considering the purchase of some software (AutoCAD) that requires the CPU to support SSE2. My PC's CPU is an Intel® Core™ i5-650 Processor, which supports SSE4.2. Basically what I am wondering is if SSE4.2 is simply a newer version of SSE2, so that it would be fullly backwards compatible. Thanks.

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  • My system show extremely hot processor temperature

    - by user34300
    I've build a small miniITX system with Pentium 4 processor. It works fine but there's extremely hot temperature is shown by the CPU sensor, around 120 C. Of course this is causing the fan run extremely fast as well making the whole system very loud. I tried to touch the CPU radiator but it is very cool so this should be some kind of error. Could you please give me an advice on how to troubleshoot this?

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  • Why is my new Phenom II 965 BE not significantly faster than my old Athlon 64 X2 4600+?

    - by Software Monkey
    I recently rebuilt my 5 year old computer. I upgraded all core components, in particular from an Athlon 64 X2 4600+ at 2.4 GHz with DDR2 800 to a Phenom II 965 BE (quad core) at 3.6 GHz with DDR3 1333 (actually 1600, but testing consistently detected memory errors at 1600). The motherboard is also much newer and better. The HDD's (x3), DVD writer and card reader are the same. The BIOS memory config is auto-everything except the base timing which I overrode to 1T instead of 2T. The BIOS CPU multiplier is slightly over-clocked to 3.6 GHz from the stock 3.4 GHz. I noticed compiling Java is slower than I expected. As it happens I have some (single-threaded) Java pattern-matching code which is CPU and memory bound and for which I have performance numbers recorded on a number of hardware platforms, including my old system. So I did a test run on the new equipment and was stunned to find that the numbers are only slightly better than my old system, about 25%. The data set it is operating on is a 148,975 character array, which should easily fit in caches, but in any event the new CPU has larger caches all around. The system was, of course, otherwise idle for the test and the test run is a timed 10 seconds to eliminate scheduling anomalies. A long while ago, when I upgraded only memory from DD2 667 to DDR2 800 there was no change in performance of this test, which subjectively supports that the test cycle does not need to (significantly) access main memory, but yes it is creating and garbage collecting a large number of objects in the process of this test (low millions of matches are found for the pattern set). I am about 99.999% certain the code hasn't changed since I last ran it on 2009-03-17 - but I can't easily retest the old hardware, because it is currently in pieces on my work-bench waiting to be built into a new computer for my kids. Note that Windows (XP) reports a CPU speed of 795 MHz unless I have some thing running. With stuff running it seems to jump all over the place each time I use ALT-Pause to display the system properties, everywhere from 795 MHz to 3.4 Ghz. So why might my shiny new hardware under-performing so badly? EDIT: The old memory was Mushkin DDR2 800 with timings set for auto which should have been 5-5-5-12. The new memory is Corsair DDR3 1600, running at 1333 with timings also auto which are 9-9-9-21. In both cases they are a paired set of dual channel DIMMs. I was waiting to ensure my system was stable before tweaking with memory timings.

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  • Instructions per cycle?

    - by Matt Simmons
    I've been learning a little bit more about how processors work, but I haven't been able to find a straight answer about instructions per cycle. For instance, I was under the impression that a four core CPU could execute four instructions per cycle, so a four core CPU running at 2Ghz would execute 8 billion operations per second. Is this the case? I'm sure it's oversimplifying things, but if there's a guide or something else I can use to set myself straight, I'm definitely open to ideas.

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  • What is more important for speed: Processor Speed or RAM?

    - by Jake
    I am about to buy a desktop, I narrowed it down to two choices, both are virtually identical (even in terms of price) but one has 4 GB of RAM and a 3.7 GHZ CPU the other has 8GB of RAM and a 2.7 GHZ CPU Which is the better choice for speed? Also as a side question, what is better: a 2GB stick of DDR2 RAM or a 4GB stick of DDR3?

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  • Reason behind system power usage?

    - by user28565
    Hi, when the number of applications running in a pc increases, the power consumed by the PC is also increasing. Is this correct? I think the reason behind this is CPU. Please let me know what role the CPU plays for more power usage. Thanks, Kavi

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  • Building a backup server

    - by user8181
    One of my older motherboards broke and I'm planning to use the remaining power supply, hard drive and case to build a backup server. I want to buy a new motherboard and CPU that can be used 24x7 and wont break down in a few months. So the question is, do you have any recommendations on any reliable motherboards and CPU for a backup server? Processing power is not a huge issue.

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  • How can a single threaded application like Excel 2003 take more than 50% of a hyper-threaded or dual

    - by Lunatik
    I'm waiting for Excel to finish a recalculation and I notice that the CPU usage as reported by Task Manager occasionally spikes to 51% or 52% on a Pentium 4 with hyper-threading. How is a single-threaded application like Excel 2003 doing this? Is it just a rounding/estimation error on the part of Task Manager? Or is it something to do with HT allocation i.e. I wouldn't see this happening on a genuine dual-core or dual-CPU machine?

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  • Why is 'System' process at 100%?

    - by ripper234
    On Windows 7, the 'system' process is taking up 100% CPU (well 50% on a duel core) for a rather long time. Its CPU usage doesn't seem to drop at all. How can I diagnose this problem? What could be the cause? I don't see any other problems with the system and am using an up-to-date AVG, so I don't yet suspect a maelware.

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  • Why lock-free data structures just aren't lock-free enough

    - by Alex.Davies
    Today's post will explore why the current ways to communicate between threads don't scale, and show you a possible way to build scalable parallel programming on top of shared memory. The problem with shared memory Soon, we will have dozens, hundreds and then millions of cores in our computers. It's inevitable, because individual cores just can't get much faster. At some point, that's going to mean that we have to rethink our architecture entirely, as millions of cores can't all access a shared memory space efficiently. But millions of cores are still a long way off, and in the meantime we'll see machines with dozens of cores, struggling with shared memory. Alex's tip: The best way for an application to make use of that increasing parallel power is to use a concurrency model like actors, that deals with synchronisation issues for you. Then, the maintainer of the actors framework can find the most efficient way to coordinate access to shared memory to allow your actors to pass messages to each other efficiently. At the moment, NAct uses the .NET thread pool and a few locks to marshal messages. It works well on dual and quad core machines, but it won't scale to more cores. Every time we use a lock, our core performs an atomic memory operation (eg. CAS) on a cell of memory representing the lock, so it's sure that no other core can possibly have that lock. This is very fast when the lock isn't contended, but we need to notify all the other cores, in case they held the cell of memory in a cache. As the number of cores increases, the total cost of a lock increases linearly. A lot of work has been done on "lock-free" data structures, which avoid locks by using atomic memory operations directly. These give fairly dramatic performance improvements, particularly on systems with a few (2 to 4) cores. The .NET 4 concurrent collections in System.Collections.Concurrent are mostly lock-free. However, lock-free data structures still don't scale indefinitely, because any use of an atomic memory operation still involves every core in the system. A sync-free data structure Some concurrent data structures are possible to write in a completely synchronization-free way, without using any atomic memory operations. One useful example is a single producer, single consumer (SPSC) queue. It's easy to write a sync-free fixed size SPSC queue using a circular buffer*. Slightly trickier is a queue that grows as needed. You can use a linked list to represent the queue, but if you leave the nodes to be garbage collected once you're done with them, the GC will need to involve all the cores in collecting the finished nodes. Instead, I've implemented a proof of concept inspired by this intel article which reuses the nodes by putting them in a second queue to send back to the producer. * In all these cases, you need to use memory barriers correctly, but these are local to a core, so don't have the same scalability problems as atomic memory operations. Performance tests I tried benchmarking my SPSC queue against the .NET ConcurrentQueue, and against a standard Queue protected by locks. In some ways, this isn't a fair comparison, because both of these support multiple producers and multiple consumers, but I'll come to that later. I started on my dual-core laptop, running a simple test that had one thread producing 64 bit integers, and another consuming them, to measure the pure overhead of the queue. So, nothing very interesting here. Both concurrent collections perform better than the lock-based one as expected, but there's not a lot to choose between the ConcurrentQueue and my SPSC queue. I was a little disappointed, but then, the .NET Framework team spent a lot longer optimising it than I did. So I dug out a more powerful machine that Red Gate's DBA tools team had been using for testing. It is a 6 core Intel i7 machine with hyperthreading, adding up to 12 logical cores. Now the results get more interesting. As I increased the number of producer-consumer pairs to 6 (to saturate all 12 logical cores), the locking approach was slow, and got even slower, as you'd expect. What I didn't expect to be so clear was the drop-off in performance of the lock-free ConcurrentQueue. I could see the machine only using about 20% of available CPU cycles when it should have been saturated. My interpretation is that as all the cores used atomic memory operations to safely access the queue, they ended up spending most of the time notifying each other about cache lines that need invalidating. The sync-free approach scaled perfectly, despite still working via shared memory, which after all, should still be a bottleneck. I can't quite believe that the results are so clear, so if you can think of any other effects that might cause them, please comment! Obviously, this benchmark isn't realistic because we're only measuring the overhead of the queue. Any real workload, even on a machine with 12 cores, would dwarf the overhead, and there'd be no point worrying about this effect. But would that be true on a machine with 100 cores? Still to be solved. The trouble is, you can't build many concurrent algorithms using only an SPSC queue to communicate. In particular, I can't see a way to build something as general purpose as actors on top of just SPSC queues. Fundamentally, an actor needs to be able to receive messages from multiple other actors, which seems to need an MPSC queue. I've been thinking about ways to build a sync-free MPSC queue out of multiple SPSC queues and some kind of sign-up mechanism. Hopefully I'll have something to tell you about soon, but leave a comment if you have any ideas.

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  • which factors determines the speed of a processor? [closed]

    - by Deb
    I think that clock rate of processor determines the speed of core, in my case it is 1.86GHz. But If I am not wrong, it also determines that how much energy it will consume. If you have more frequency then more power it will consume. I choose Power Saver scheme to increase my battery life, however it reduces my core speed to half of the actual speed. I understand this happens because of SpeedStep, but I don't see any slowdown of my computer. So my problem is why we have such high frequency cores as it uses too much power. We can use low frequency cores. Actually I get confused between the two terms Speed of the processor and its frequency. So how much important is the frequency of core in case of any processor.

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  • SAS Expanders vs Direct Attached (SAS)?

    - by jemmille
    I have a storage unit with 2 backplanes. One backplane holds 24 disks, one backplane holds 12 disks. Each backplane is independently connected to a SFF-8087 port (4 channel/12Gbit) to the raid card. Here is where my question really comes in. Can or how easily can a backplane be overloaded? All the disks in the machine are WD RE4 WD1003FBYX (black) drives that have average writes at 115MB/sec and average read of 125 MB/sec I know things would vary based on the raid or filesystem we put on top of that but it seems to be that a 24 disk backplane with only one SFF-8087 connector should be able to overload the bus to a point that might actually slow it down? Based on my math, if I had a RAID0 across all 24 disks and asked for a large file, I should, in theory should get 24*115 MB/sec wich translates to 22.08 GBit/sec of total throughput. Either I'm confused or this backplane is horribly designed, at least in a perfomance environment. I'm looking at switching to a model where each drive has it's own channel from the backplane (and new HBA's or raid card). EDIT: more details We have used both pure linux (centos), open solaris, software raid, hardware raid, EXT3/4, ZFS. Here are some examples using bonnie++ 4 Disk RAID-0, ZFS WRITE CPU RE-WRITE CPU READ CPU RND-SEEKS 194MB/s 19% 92MB/s 11% 200MB/s 8% 310/sec 194MB/s 19% 93MB/s 11% 201MB/s 8% 312/sec --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- 389MB/s 19% 186MB/s 11% 402MB/s 8% 311/sec 8 Disk RAID-0, ZFS WRITE CPU RE-WRITE CPU READ CPU RND-SEEKS 324MB/s 32% 164MB/s 19% 346MB/s 13% 466/sec 324MB/s 32% 164MB/s 19% 348MB/s 14% 465/sec --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- 648MB/s 32% 328MB/s 19% 694MB/s 13% 465/sec 12 Disk RAID-0, ZFS WRITE CPU RE-WRITE CPU READ CPU RND-SEEKS 377MB/s 38% 191MB/s 22% 429MB/s 17% 537/sec 376MB/s 38% 191MB/s 22% 427MB/s 17% 546/sec --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- 753MB/s 38% 382MB/s 22% 857MB/s 17% 541/sec Now 16 Disk RAID-0, it's gets interesting WRITE CPU RE-WRITE CPU READ CPU RND-SEEKS 359MB/s 34% 186MB/s 22% 407MB/s 18% 1397/sec 358MB/s 33% 186MB/s 22% 407MB/s 18% 1340/sec --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- 717MB/s 33% 373MB/s 22% 814MB/s 18% 1368/sec 20 Disk RAID-0, ZFS WRITE CPU RE-WRITE CPU READ CPU RND-SEEKS 371MB/s 37% 188MB/s 22% 450MB/s 19% 775/sec 370MB/s 37% 188MB/s 22% 447MB/s 19% 797/sec --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- 741MB/s 37% 376MB/s 22% 898MB/s 19% 786/sec 24 Disk RAID-1, ZFS WRITE CPU RE-WRITE CPU READ CPU RND-SEEKS 347MB/s 34% 193MB/s 22% 447MB/s 19% 907/sec 347MB/s 34% 192MB/s 23% 446MB/s 19% 933/sec --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- ---- --------- 694MB/s 34% 386MB/s 22% 894MB/s 19% 920/sec 28 Disk RAID-0, ZFS 32 Disk RAID-0, ZFS 36 Disk RAID-0, ZFS More details: Here is the exact unit: http://www.supermicro.com/products/chassis/4U/847/SC847E1-R1400U.cfm

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