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• 550 Requested action not taken: mailbox unavailable

  - by Porch

  I setup a small box with Server 2003 64bit to be used as a webserver and email server for a small school. Real simple stuff for a few users. A simple website and a handful of emails. rDNS and spf records setup and pass every test I found including test at dnsstuff.com. Email sending to almost every email address (google, hotmail, aol, whatever) works. However, with one domain, I get an bounce back with the error. 550 Requested action not taken: mailbox unavailable It's another school running Exchange judging from some packet sniffing with WireShark. Every email on this domain I have tried sending to gives this error. The email address is valid as I can send to it from my personal, and gmail account without a problem. Does anyone know of some anti-spam software that gives an 550 error like the above? What else could this be? Thanks for any suggestions. Packet capture of the two servers communicating look like this. 220 <server snip> Microsoft ESMTP MAIL Service, Version: 6.0.3790.3959 ready at Sat, 2 Oct 2010 12:48:17 -0700 EHLO <email snip> 250-<server snip> Hello [<ip snip>] 250-TURN 250-SIZE 250-ETRN 250-XXXXXXXXXX 250-DSN 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8bitmime 250-BINARYMIME 250-XXXXXXXX 250-VRFY 250-X-EXPS GSSAPI NTLM LOGIN 250-X-EXPS=LOGIN 250-AUTH GSSAPI NTLM LOGIN 250-AUTH=LOGIN 250-X-LINK2STATE 250-XXXXXXX 250 OK MAIL FROM: <email snip> 250 2.1.0 <email snip>....Sender OK RCPT TO:<email snip> 250 2.1.5 <email snip> DATA 354 Start mail input; end with <CRLF>.<CRLF> <email body here> . 550 Requested action not taken: mailbox unavailable QUIT 221 Goodbye

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• jdbc4 CommunicationsException

  - by letronje

  I have a machine running a java app talking to a mysql instance running on the same instance. the app uses jdbc4 drivers from mysql. I keep getting com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException at random times. Here is the whole message. Could not open JDBC Connection for transaction; nested exception is com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: The last packet successfully received from the server was25899 milliseconds ago.The last packet sent successfully to the server was 25899 milliseconds ago, which is longer than the server configured value of 'wait_timeout'. You should consider either expiring and/or testing connection validity before use in your application, increasing the server configured values for client timeouts, or using the Connector/J connection property 'autoReconnect=true' to avoid this problem. For mysql, the value of global 'wait_timeout' and 'interactive_timeout' is set to 3600 seconds and 'connect_timeout' is set to 60 secs. the wait timeout value is much higher than the 26 secs(25899 msecs). mentioned in the exception trace. I use dbcp for connection pooling and here is spring bean config for the datasource. <bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" > <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db"/> <property name="username" value="xxx"/> <property name="password" value="xxx" /> <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="false" /> <property name="maxActive" value="3" /> <property name="maxIdle" value="3" /> </bean> Any idea why this could be happening? Will using c3p0 solve the problem ?

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• Is it possible to trace the delegation path for a DNS lookup?

  - by Josh Glover

  I'm trying to determine why a Nagios host check is failing (hostnames and IPs have been changed to protect the guilty): : jmglov@laurana; host www.foo.com ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached : jmglov@laurana; for ns in `grep -o '\([0-9]\+[.]\)\{3\}[0-9]\+$' /etc/resolv.conf`; do ping -qc 1 $ns; done PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 10.911/10.911/10.911/0.000 ms PING 192.168.1.2 (192.168.1.2) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.1.2 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.241/0.241/0.241/0.000 ms So I know that my nameservers are reachable, meaning that some nameserver along the delegation path to the authoritative nameserver for my host is not responding. Is there an easy way to determine which nameserver this is (basically a traceroute for DNS)?

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• How can I write automated tests for iptables?

  - by Phil Frost

  I am configuring a Linux router with iptables. I want to write acceptance tests for the configuration that assert things like: traffic from some guy on the internet is not forwarded, and TCP to port 80 on the webserver in the DMZ from hosts on the corporate LAN is forwarded. An ancient FAQ alludes to a iptables -C option which allows one to ask something like, "given a packet from X, to Y, on port Z, would it be accepted or dropped?" Although the FAQ suggests it works like this, for iptables (but maybe not ipchains as it uses in the examples) the -C option seems to not simulate a test packet running through all the rules, but rather checks for the existence for an exactly matching rule. This has little value as a test. I want to assert that the rules have the desired effect, not just that they exist. I've considered creating yet more test VMs and a virtual network, then probing with tools like nmap for effects. However, I'm avoiding this solution due to the complexity of creating all those additional virtual machines, which is really quite a heavy way to generate some test traffic. It would also be nice to have an automated testing methodology which can also work on a real server in production. How else might I solve this problem? Is there some mechanism I might use to generate or simulate arbitrary traffic, then know if it was (or would be) dropped or accepted by iptables?

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• how i can identify which process is making UDP traffic on linux?

  - by boos

  my machine is continously making udp dns traffic request. what i need to know is the PID of the process generating this traffic. The normal way in TCP connection is to use netstat/lsof and get the process associated at the pid. Is UDP the connection is stateles, so, when i call netastat/lsof i can see it only if the UDP socket is opened and it's sending traffic. I have tried with lsof -i UDP and with nestat -anpue but i cant be able to find wich process is doing that request because i need to call lsof/netstat exactly when the udp traffic is sended, if i call lsof/netstat before/after the udp datagram is sended is impossible to view the opened UDP socket. call netstat/lsof exactly when 3/4 udp packet is sended is IMPOSSIBLE. how i can identify the infamous process ? I have already inspected the traffic to try to identify the sended PID from the content of the packet, but is not possible to identify it from the contect of the traffic. anyone can help me ? I'm root on this machine FEDORA 12 Linux noise.company.lan 2.6.32.16-141.fc12.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Jul 7 04:49:59 UTC 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

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• Possible to IPSec VPN Tunnel Public IP Addresses?

  - by caleban

  A customer uses an IBM SAS product over the internet. Traffic flows from the IBM hosting data center to the customer network through Juniper VPN appliances. IBM says they're not tunneling private IP addresses. IBM says they're tunneling public IP addresses. Is this possible? What does this look like in the VPN configuration and in the packets? I'd like to know what the source/destination ip/ports would look like in the encrypted tunneled IPSec Payload and in the IP packet carrying the IPSec Payload. IPSec Payload: source:1.1.1.101:1001 destination:2.2.2.101:2001 IP Packet: source:1.1.1.1:101 destination:2.2.2.1:201 Is it possible to send public IP addresses through an IPSec VPN tunnel? Is it possible for IBM to send a print job from a server on their network using the static-nat public address over a VPN to a printer at a customer network using the printer's static-nat public address? Or can a VPN not do this? Can a VPN only work with interesting traffic from and to private IP addresses?

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• Using public interfaces on a server connected through a GRE tunnel

  - by Evan

  I'm pretty new to networking so please forgive any terminology mistakes. I have 2 servers connected with a GRE tunnel. Server1 (10.0.0.1) ---- Server2 (10.0.0.2) I want to be able to bind to the public IPs on Server2 using Server1. To do this, I setup virtual interfaces with Server2's public IPs on Server1 and then used routing rules on Server1 to route the packets through the GRE tunnel. On Server1: ip rule add from [Server2's first public IP] table gre ip rule add from [Server2's second public IP] table gre ip route add default via 10.0.0.2 dev gre1 table gre This works great and I can see the packets arriving via GRE on Server2. I can see the packet exiting the tunnel on Server2's gre1 device as shown: From Server1: ping -I [Server2's public ip] google.com tcpdump from Server2's GRE tunnel device: 12:07:17.029160 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 0, offset 0, flags [DF], proto ICMP (1), length 84) [Server2's public ip] > 74.125.225.38: ICMP echo request, id 6378, seq 50, length 64 This is exactly the packet I want. However, I'm not seeing it go out at all on eth0:0 (where Server2's public IP is bound to). I've tried to use routing rules to get packets coming from Server2's public IP (which would be coming out of dev gre1) to go through dev eth0 on the public default gateway and that doesn't work either. I'm at a loss, thank you to anyone who can help.

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• ospfd over an OpenVPN link - strange error in logs

  - by Alex

  I am trying to set up Quagga ospfd on two hosts connected by an OpenVPN link. These hosts have VPN IPs 10.31.0.1 and 10.31.0.13. ospfd config is pretty simple: hostname bizon password xxxxxxxxx enable password xxxxxxxxx ! log file /var/log/quagga/ospfd.log ! interface lo ! interface tun0 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf mtu-ignore ip ospf cost 10 interface tun1 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf mtu-ignore ip ospf cost 10 interface tun2 ip ospf network point-to-point ip ospf mtu-ignore ip ospf cost 10 ! router ospf ospf router-id 10.31.0.1 network 10.31.0.0/16 area 0.0.0.0 network 10.119.2.0/24 area 0.0.0.0 redistribute connected area 0.0.0.0 range 10.0.0.0/8 ! line vty ! debug ospf event debug ospf packet all I am getting the following error in the ospfd.log (the log is from 10.31.0.13): 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_v 4 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_hl 5 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_tos 192 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_len 64 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_id 64666 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_off 0 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_ttl 1 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_p 89 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_sum 0xe5d1 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_src 10.31.0.1 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: ip_dst 224.0.0.5 2012/10/05 01:25:28 OSPF: Packet from [10.31.0.1] received on link tun1 but no ospf_interface I'm not sure what to do next. I have set up ospfd over OpenVPN several times but I used Debian and I am on CentOS 6 now. Quagga version is 0.99.15. Should I try to get more recent version?

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• Windows Firewall Software to Filter Transit Traffic

  - by soonts

  I need to test my networking code for Nintendo Wii under the conditions when some specific Internet server is not available. Wii is connected to my PC with crossover ethernet cable. PC has 2 NICs. PC is connected to hardware router with ethernet cable. The hardware router serves as NAT and has an internet connected to its uplink. I set the Wii to be in the same lan as PC by using Windows XP Network bridge. I can observe the WII network traffic using e.g. Wireshark sniffer. Is there a software firewall that can selectively filter out transit traffic? (e.g. block outgoing TCP connections to 123.45.67.89 to port 443) I tried Outpost Pro 2009 and Comodo. Outpost firewall blocks all transit traffic with it's implicit "block transit packet" rule. If the transit traffic is explicitly allowed by creating the system-wide low level rule, then it's allowed completely and no other filter can selectively block it. Comodo firewall only process rules when the packet has localhost's IP as either source or destination, allowing the rest of the traffic. Any ideas? Thanks in advance! P.S. Platform is Windows XP 32 bit, no other OSes is allowed, Windows ICS (Internet Connection Sharing) doesnt work since the Wii is unable to connect, becides I don't like the idea of adding one more level of NAT.

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• How to Enable IPtables TRACE Target on Debian Squeeze (6)

  - by bernie

  I am trying to use the TRACE target of IPtables but I can't seem to get any trace information logged. I want to use what is described here: Debugger for Iptables. From the iptables man for TRACE: This target marks packes so that the kernel will log every rule which match the packets as those traverse the tables, chains, rules. (The ipt_LOG or ip6t_LOG module is required for the logging.) The packets are logged with the string prefix: "TRACE: tablename:chain- name:type:rulenum " where type can be "rule" for plain rule, "return" for implicit rule at the end of a user defined chain and "policy" for the policy of the built in chains. It can only be used in the raw table. I use the following rule: iptables -A PREROUTING -t raw -p tcp -j TRACE but nothing is appended either in /var/log/syslog or /var/log/kern.log! Is there another step missing? Am I looking in the wrong place? edit Even though I can't find log entries, the TRACE target seems to be set up correctly since the packet counters get incremented: # iptables -L -v -t raw Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 193 packets, 63701 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination 193 63701 TRACE tcp -- any any anywhere anywhere Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 178 packets, 65277 bytes) pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination edit 2 The rule iptables -A PREROUTING -t raw -p tcp -j LOG does print packet information to /var/log/syslog... Why doesn't TRACE work?

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• Creating Routes using the second NIC in the box

  - by Aditya Sehgal

  OS: Linux I need some advice on how to set up the routing table. I have a box with two physical NIC cards eth0 & eth1 with two associated IPs IP1 & IP2 (both of the same subnet). I need to setup a route which will force all messages from IP1 towards IP3 (of the same subnet) to go via IP2. I have a raw socket capture program listening on IP2 (This is not for malicious use). I have set up the routing table as Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface IP3 IP2 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 If I try to specify eth0 while adding the above rule, I get an error "SIOCADDRT: Network is unreachable". I understand from the manpage of route that if the GW specified is a local interface, then that would be use as the outgoing interface. After setting up this rule, if i do a traceroute (-i eth0), the packet goes first to the default gateway and then to IP3. How do I force the packet originating from eth0 towards IP3 to first come to IP2. I cannot make changes to the routing table of the gateway. Please suggest.

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• IPtables - Accept Arbitrary Packets

  - by Asad Moeen

  I've achieved a lot on blocking attacks on GameServers but I'm stuck on something. I've blocked major requests of game-server which it aceepts in the form "\xff\xff\xff\xff" which can be followed by the actual queries like get status or get info to make something like "\xff\xff\xff\xff getstatus " but I see other queries if sent to the game-server will cause it to reply with a "disconnect" packet with the same rate as input so if the input rate is high then the high output of "disconnect" might give lag to the server. Hence I want to block all queries except the ones actual clients use which I suppose are in the form "\xff\xff\xff\xff" or .... so, I tried using this rule : -A INPUT -p udp -m udp -m u32 ! --u32 0x1c=0xffffffff -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp -m recent --set --name Total --rsource -A INPUT -p udp -m udp -m recent --update --seconds 1 --hitcount 20 --name Total --rsource -j DROP Now where the rule does accept the clients but it only blocks requests in the form "\xff\xff\xff\xff getstatus " ( by which GameServer replies with status ) and not just "getstatus " ( by which GameServer replies with disconnect packet ). So I suppose the accept rule is accepting the simple "string" as well. I actually want it to also block the non-(\xff) queries. So how do I modify the rule?

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• Better logging for cronjob output using /usr/bin/logger

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I am looking for a better way to log cronjobs. Most cronjobs tend to spam email or the console, get ignored, or create yet another logfile. In this case, I have a Nagios NSCA script which sends data to a central Nagios sever. This send_nsca script also prints a single status line to STDOUT, indicating success or failure. 0 * * * * root /usr/local/nagios/sbin/nsca_check_disk This emails the following message to root@localhost, which is then forwarded to my team of sysadmins. Spam. forwarded nsca_check_disk: 1 data packet(s) sent to host successfully. I'm looking for a log method which: Doesn't spam the messages to email or the console Don't create yet another krufty logfile which requires cleanup months or years later. Capture the log information somewhere, so it can be viewed later if desired. Works on most unixes Fits into an existing log infrastructure. Uses common syslog conventions like 'facility' Some of these are third party scripts, and don't always do logging internally. UPDATE 2010-04-30 In the process of writing this question, I think I have answered myself. So I'll answer myself "Jeopardy-style". Is there any problem with this method? The following will send any Cron output to /usr/bin//logger, which will send to syslog, with a 'tag' of 'nsca_check_disk'. Syslog handles it from there. My systems (CentOS and FreeBSD) already handle log rotation. */5 * * * * root /usr/local/nagios/sbin/nsca_check_disk 2>&1 |/usr/bin/logger -t nsca_check_disk /var/log/messages now has one additional message which says this: Apr 29, 17:40:00 192.168.6.19 nsca_check_disk: 1 data packet(s) sent to host successfully. I like /usr/bin/logger , because it works well with an existing syslog configuration and infrastructure, and is included with most Unix distros. Most *nix distributions already do logrotation, and do it well.

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• Need help with local network printing while using VPN on Ubuntu 10.10 desktop

  - by MountainX

  I can print to my HP printer via the LAN when I'm not connected to the VPN. When connected to the VPN, printing fails. OpenVPN 2.1.0 x86_64-pc-linux-gnu [SSL] [LZO2] [EPOLL] [PKCS11] [MH] [PF_INET6] [eurephia] built on Jul 12 2010 I can ping the printer while connected to the VPN: $ ping 192.168.100.12 PING 192.168.100.12 (192.168.100.12) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.100.12: icmp_req=1 ttl=255 time=9.17 ms --- 192.168.100.12 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss... $ ping HpPrinter.local PING HpPrinter.local (192.168.100.12) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from HpPrinter.local (192.168.100.12): icmp_req=1 ttl=255 time=0.383 ms --- HpPrinter.local ping statistics --- 4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss... But here's the error when I try to print while connected to the VPN: hpijs[9990]: io/hpmud/jd.c 784: mdns lookup HpPrinter.local retry 1... ... hpijs[9990]: io/hpmud/jd.c 784: mdns lookup HpPrinter.local retry 20... hpijs[9990]: io/hpmud/jd.c 780: error timeout mdns lookup HpPrinter.local hpijs[9990]: io/hpmud/jd.c 88: unable to read device-id hp[9982]: io/hpmud/jd.c 784: mdns lookup HpPrinter.local retry 1... ... hp[9982]: io/hpmud/jd.c 784: mdns lookup HpPrinter.local retry 20... hp[9982]: io/hpmud/jd.c 780: error timeout mdns lookup HpPrinter.local hp[9982]: io/hpmud/jd.c 88: unable to read device-id hp[9982]: prnt/backend/hp.c 745: ERROR: open device failed stat=12: hp:/net/Officejet_Pro_L7600?zc=HpPrinter I am running iptables rules, but the problem doesn't appear related to the firewall. I've tested with no rules (i.e., no firewall). The printing problem happens when the VPN is connected. I can guess it is an mdns problem, but searching google about mdns didn't turn up anything that seemed related to this (at my level of knowledge). Any suggestions?

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• VLAN setup on my PC

  - by Surjya Narayana Padhi

  Hi Geeks, I am bit new to VLAN. I want my two computers communicate through VLAN. I have following queries. As I am new to it my queries may be somewhat vague in some points. But i would like to hear from experts for my basic queries. I have two PCs Computer A and Computer B in two different IP networks Network A and Network B Both my PC has windows OS installed. How to send a VLAN(#Number) tagged packet from Computer A to Computer B and how to detect and untag the packet at Computer B? (Please provide the steps for windows OS) For this action do I need to check if my ethernet card supports VLAN tagging/untagging? If yes how can I know if my card supports it or not? Is the VLAN applied for Wireless ethernet controllers also? Do I need any switch or router for this action? Experts please given your inputs so that I can have a strong basic. If anyone can give some inputs how i can detect those VLAN in wireshirk, it will be helpful me also. Thanks in advance.

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• Server 2003 and XP Client; Why are HTTP connections being silently dropped.

  - by Asa Yeamans

  On my network, my edge-router, a windows 2003 r2 server router with all the latest updates, will drop packets, but only under specific circumstances. I have troubleshot and isolated it down to the most simple configuration i can. There is NO NAT involved. Only fully-public IP addresses. No Firewalls are running either, all ahve been disabled. no packet filters on any interfaces anywhere either. I have a single Windows XP virtual machine and my edge-router(the windows 2003 r2 server, and also a virtual machine) running on a windows 2008 x64 r2 system (running virtual server 2005 as i dont have Intel-VT compatible chip yet). The edge router can access any external http site just fine, no issues. However the windows XP machine is only able to access certain sites. These work: www.google.com www.txstate.edu www.workintexas.com www.thedailywtf.com . These Dont: www.yahoo.com www.utexas.edu en.wikipedia.org slashdot.org www.bing.com. I have removed all possibility of DNS issues by connecting with net-cat from the XP box and sending GET /\r\nHost: \r\n\r\n and that connection replicates the issue as well. The network setup: My statically assigned IP block: x.x.x.168/29 DSL Modem -----PPPoE Connection---- x.x.x.169[EdgeRouter] [EdgeRouter]x.x.x.170 -----Virtual Ethernet----- x.x.x.174 [Test2] Test2's Default gateway is x.x.x.170 and test2 can ping any and every valid, accessible, public IP address with no packet loss what-so-ever. If i connect directly over PPPoE from test2 (the XP box) everything works just fine... Im at my wits end, i have NO IDEA whats causing this.

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• Connect to Nonencrypted Wireless Network Using Ubuntu Commands

  - by Tim

  I failed to connect to an open i.e. nonencrypted wireless network using Ubuntu command lines. Here is what I did: $ sudo /etc/init.d/NetworkManager stop * Stopping network connection manager NetworkManager [ OK ] $ sudo /sbin/ifconfig wlan0 up $ sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid "Cavalier High-Speed 866-4-CAVTEL" $ sudo dhclient wlan0 There is already a pid file /var/run/dhclient.pid with pid 10812 killed old client process, removed PID file Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.1.1 Copyright 2004-2008 Internet Systems Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/ wmaster0: unknown hardware address type 801 wmaster0: unknown hardware address type 801 Listening on LPF/wlan0/00:0e:9b:cd:4e:18 Sending on LPF/wlan0/00:0e:9b:cd:4e:18 Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.67 on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.1.67 on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 7 DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 7 DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 8 DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 12 DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 21 DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 6 No DHCPOFFERS received. Trying recorded lease 192.168.1.67 PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms Trying recorded lease 192.168.1.45 PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data. --- 192.168.1.1 ping statistics --- 1 packets transmitted, 0 received, +1 errors, 100% packet loss, time 0ms No working leases in persistent database - sleeping. $ sudo /sbin/iwconfig wlan0 wlan0 IEEE 802.11bg Mode:Managed Frequency:2.422 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated Tx-Power=27 dBm Retry min limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr=2352 B Encryption key:off Power Management:off Link Quality:0 Signal level:0 Noise level:0 Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0 I was wondering what the problem is and how I can do it right? Thanks and regards!

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• Linux/hostapd: AP can ping clients, clients can access internet, can't access www@wlan1 with more than 5-6 packets at once

  - by mhambra

  Please edit the title, can't make it sound better. -- OP. Hi all, I have a Wifi USB dongle in a PC, that serves as an AP for laptop. wlan1: 192.168.2.1, netmask 255.255.255.0, routed: route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.2.1 ping 192.168.2.2 (laptop): ping was ok for lot of packets. Now, I try to access 192.168.2.1:80/myindex.html (apache) from laptop, and can see that own 1kb test page. But, trying to access 192.168.2.1:80/my.jpg, I see the following: GET /my.jpg HTTP/1.1 200 OK <jpg header, about a kilobyte> <TCP packet retransmisson> <TCP packet retransmisson> <end of stream> It seems to be a hostapd's problem (networked stuff worked fine with Ad-Hoc), but it may be also forwarding/routing problem too. What to google for? Even more strange, SSH to that host works fine.

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• VLAN ACLs and when to go Layer 3

  - by wuckachucka

  I want to: a) segment several departments into VLANs with the hopes of restricting access between them completely (Sales never needs to talk to Support's workstations or printers and vice-versa) or b) certain IP addresses and TCP/UDP ports across VLANS -- i.e. permitting the Sales VLAN to access the CRM Web Server in the Server VLAN on port 443 only. Port-wise, I'll need a 48-port switch and another 24-port switch to go with the two existing 24-port Layer 2 switches (Linksys); I'm looking at going with D-Links or HP Procurves as Cisco is out of our price range. Question #1: From what I understand (and please correct me if I'm wrong), if the Servers (VLAN10) and Sales (VLAN20) are all on the same 48-port switch (or two stacked 24-port switches), afaik, the switch "knows" what VLANs and ports each device belongs to and will switch packets between them; I can also apply ACLs to restrict access between VLANs at this point. Is this correct? Question #2: Now lets say that Support (VLAN30) is on a different switch (one of the Linksys) switches. I'm assuming I'll need to trunk (tag) switch #2's VLANs across to switch #1, so switch #1 sees switch #2's VLAN30 (and vice-versa). Once Switch #1 can "see" VLAN30, I'm assuming I can then apply ACLs as stated in Question #1. Is this correct? Question #3: Once Switch #1 can see all the VLANs, can I achieve the seemingly "Layer 3" ACL filtering of restricting access to Server VLAN on only certain TCP/UDP ports and IP addresses (say, only permitting 3389 to the Terminal Server, 192.168.10.4/32). I say "seemingly" because some of the Layer 2 switches mention the ability to restrict ports and IP addresses through the ACLs; I (perhaps mistakenly) thought that in order to have Layer 3 ACLs (packet filtering), I'd need to have at least one Layer 3 switch acting as a core router. If my assumptions are incorrect, at which point do you need a Layer 3 switch for inter-VLAN routing vs. inter-VLAN switching? Is it generally only when you need that higher-level packet filtering ability between your departments?

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• Mounting any Windows share from OS X 10.7.5 suddenly stopped working

  - by user2169619

  I have problem with mounting Windows network shares from my OS X 10.7.5 - it worked but it stopped and nothing helps and nothing in logs. Here what I get when trying to mount it manually: mount -t smbfs //10.0.0.7/d /tmp/test When doing sniffing with tshark - no packet it sent through and I get immediately return from the command: mount_smbfs: server connection failed: Unknown error: -1 Nothing in /var/log/syslog.log and /var/log/kern.log. The Finder does not work either - it throws an error that something is wrong (in czech thus I'm not sending the message here). I just cannot connect to any network shares. In virtual Windows 7 in Parallels Desktop I can connect successfully, but not within the network share (so the Win7 is behind OS X NAT) but only with its own IP address. The Windows server share is on the same network segment connected through switch. Any advice how to debug and what can be wrong? I spent hours to find solution on Google and here but no-one with this kind of problem and I do not know how to further debug it since there is no meaningful log / trace etc. I can ping 10.0.0.7 and I can connect to FTP server on 10.0.0.7 - the Windows machine (XP) has firewall completely turned off. The problem is that with tshark, I'm not seeing any packet sending to 10.0.0.7 so it's not even trying to reach the server.

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• Odd log entries when starting up PotgreSQL

  - by Shadow

  When restarting pgSQL, I get the following log entries: 2010-02-10 16:08:05 EST LOG: received smart shutdown request 2010-02-10 16:08:05 EST LOG: autovacuum launcher shutting down 2010-02-10 16:08:05 EST LOG: shutting down 2010-02-10 16:08:05 EST LOG: database system is shut down 2010-02-10 16:08:07 EST LOG: database system was shut down at 2010-02-10 16:08:05 EST 2010-02-10 16:08:07 EST LOG: autovacuum launcher started 2010-02-10 16:08:07 EST LOG: database system is ready to accept connections 2010-02-10 16:08:07 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:07 EST LOG: incomplete startup packet 2010-02-10 16:08:07 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:07 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:08 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:08 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:08 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:08 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:09 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:09 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:09 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:09 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:10 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:10 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:10 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:10 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:11 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:11 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:11 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:11 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:12 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:12 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:12 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:12 EST FATAL: password authentication failed for user "postgres" 2010-02-10 16:08:12 EST LOG: connection received: host=[local] 2010-02-10 16:08:12 EST LOG: incomplete startup packet My question regarding a potential consequence of this is posted here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2238954/mdb2-says-connection-failed-db-logs-say-otherwise , but I didn't realize this was happening when I asked that question, and I figured this [part of the] problem is for SF. Edit: I can connect to the database and manipulate things normally with the psql CLI and the postgres user.

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• TCPDump and IPTables DROP by string

  - by Tiffany Walker

  by using tcpdump -nlASX -s 0 -vvv port 80 I get something like: 14:58:55.121160 IP (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 49764, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 1480) 206.72.206.58.http > 2.187.196.7.4624: Flags [.], cksum 0x6900 (incorrect -> 0xcd18), seq 1672149449:1672150889, ack 4202197968, win 15340, length 1440 0x0000: 4500 05c8 c264 4000 4006 0f86 ce48 ce3a E....d@[email protected].: 0x0010: 02bb c407 0050 1210 63aa f9c9 fa78 73d0 .....P..c....xs. 0x0020: 5010 3bec 6900 0000 0f29 95cc fac4 2854 P.;.i....)....(T 0x0030: c0e7 3384 e89a 74fa 8d8c a069 f93f fc40 ..3...t....i.?.@ 0x0040: 1561 af61 1cf3 0d9c 3460 aa23 0b54 aac0 .a.a....4`.#.T.. 0x0050: 5090 ced1 b7bf 8857 c476 e1c0 8814 81ed P......W.v...... 0x0060: 9e85 87e8 d693 b637 bd3a 56ef c5fa 77e8 .......7.:V...w. 0x0070: 3035 743a 283e 89c7 ced8 c7c1 cff9 6ca3 05t:(>........l. 0x0080: 5f3f 0162 ebf1 419e c410 7180 7cd0 29e1 _?.b..A...q.|.). 0x0090: fec9 c708 0f01 9b2f a96b 20fe b95a 31cf ......./.k...Z1. 0x00a0: 8166 3612 bac9 4e8d 7087 4974 0063 1270 .f6...N.p.It.c.p What do I pull to use IPTables to block via string. Or is there a better way to block attacks that have something in common? Question is: Can I pick any piece from that IP packet and call it a string? iptables -A INPUT -m string --alog bm --string attack_string -j DROP In other words: In some cases I can ban with TTL=xxx and use that should an attack have the same TTL. Sure it will block some legit packets but if it means keeping the box up it works till the attack goes away but I would like to LEARN how to FIND other common things in a packet to block with IPTables

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• How to stop NAT dropping idle connections?

  - by WGH

  I have a TCP connection that can be idle for many hours. The traffic is flowing from the server to the client only. One might say it's kind of push notification. My home router, however, tends to drop the connection silently after 20 minutes (the value of /proc/sys/net/netfilter/nf_conntrack_tcp_timeout_established). The server detects the loss once it tries to send anything (I assume it receives RST from the router itself). As client never sends anything, it never detects the loss. RFC 5382 "NAT Behavioral Requirements for TCP" states the following: A NAT can check if an endpoint for a session has crashed by sending a TCP keep-alive packet and receiving a TCP RST packet in response. It makes sense. It's much more effective than sending keep-alives by the host itself (as only NAT knows its own timeout). And probably not hard to implement. Is there any NAT solutions implementing this? It would be great if there was a way to enable this in iptables.

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• what are valid 'ack' values?

  - by WileECanisLatrans

  having an issue with a vendor who claims the cause of a problem is an invalid 'ack' value in the tcp data. I'm using java so I didn't write this layer. I used snoop to capture the traffic on the wire and am using wireshark to display the data. Here is what is happening. After receiving a multi-packet(5) message I see a multi-pack(3) response. The first packet in the response has a value for 'ack' that is different than the 'ack' value in the other two packets. The vendor claims this data is suspect. I've provided sample data below. I'm not a tcp expert so I don't know if this is a problem or not. I've tried to find something on valid ack values and it seems to me the value should be 80018 but that doesn't mean the 78345 is wrong. I found this on the web and it seems to apply but I'm not sure: "the ack value of any data segment is considered valid as long as it does not acknowledge data ahead of the next segment to send". Thanks for your help. My understanding is the vendor has written their own tcp layer. * source seq ack len * vendor 75465 10924 0 * vendor 75465 10924 1440 * vendor 76905 10924 1440 * vendor 78345 10924 1440 * vendor 79785 10924 233 * me 10924 78345 0 * me 10924 80018 0 * me 10924 80018 197

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• jdbc4 CommunicationsException

  - by letronje

  I have a machine running a java app talking to a mysql instance running on the same instance. the app uses jdbc4 drivers from mysql. I keep getting com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException at random times. Here is the whole message. Could not open JDBC Connection for transaction; nested exception is com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: The last packet successfully received from the server was25899 milliseconds ago.The last packet sent successfully to the server was 25899 milliseconds ago, which is longer than the server configured value of 'wait_timeout'. You should consider either expiring and/or testing connection validity before use in your application, increasing the server configured values for client timeouts, or using the Connector/J connection property 'autoReconnect=true' to avoid this problem. For mysql, the value of global 'wait_timeout' and 'interactive_timeout' is set to 3600 seconds and 'connect_timeout' is set to 60 secs. the wait timeout value is much higher than the 26 secs(25899 msecs). mentioned in the exception trace. I use dbcp for connection pooling and here is spring bean config for the datasource. <bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" > <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db"/> <property name="username" value="xxx"/> <property name="password" value="xxx" /> <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="false" /> <property name="maxActive" value="3" /> <property name="maxIdle" value="3" /> </bean> Any idea why this could be happening? Will using c3p0 solve the problem ?

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