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• What's cool about Lisp nowadays? [closed]

  - by Kos

  Possible Duplicates: Why is Lisp useful? Is LISP still useful in today's world? Which version is most used? First of all, let me clarify: I'm aware of Lisp's place in history, as well as in education. I'm asking about its place in practical application, as of 2011. The question is: What features of Lisp make it the preferred choice for projects today? It's widely used in various AI areas as far as I know, and probably also elsewhere. I can imagine projects choosing, for instance... Python because of its concise, readable syntax and it being dynamic, Haskell for being pure functional with a powerful type system, Matlab/Octave for the focus on numerics and big standard libraries, Etc. When should I consider Lisp the proper language for a given problem? What language features make it the preferred choice then? Is its "purity and generality" an advantage which makes it a better choice for some subset of projects than the modern languages? edit- On your demand, a little rephrase (or simply a tl;dr) to make this more specific: a) What problems are solvable with Lisp much more easily than with more common, modern languages like Python or C# (or even F# or Scala)? b) What language features specific for Lisp make it the best choice for those problems?

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• How to make and restore incremental snapshots of hard disk

  - by brunopereira81

  I use Virtual Box a lot for distro / applications testing purposes. One of the features I simply love about it is virtual machines snapshots, its saves a state of a virtual machine and is able to restore it to its former glory if something you did went wrong without any problems and without consuming your all hard disk space. On my live systems I know how to create a 1:1 image of the file system but all the solutions I'v known will create a new image of the complete file system. Are there any programs / file systems that are capable of taking a snapshot of a current file system, save it on another location but instead of making a complete new image it creates incremental backups? To easy describe what I want, it should be as dd images of a file system, but instead of only a full backup it would also create incremental. I am not looking for clonezilla, etc. It should run within the system itself with no (or almost none) intervention from the user, but contain all the data of the file systems. I am also not looking for a duplicity backup your all system excluding some folders script + dd to save your mbr. I can do that myself, looking for extra finesse. I'm looking for something I can do before doing massive changes to a system and then if something when wrong or I burned my hard disk after spilling coffee on it I can just boot from a liveCD and restore a working snapshot to a hard disk. It does not need to be daily, it doesn't even need a schedule. Just run once in a while and let it its job and preferably RAW based not file copy based.

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• How to Restart Windows Update Service in Windows 7?

  - by N.O.R.G.

  I'm running into an issue with Windows Update on Windows 7 Professional. I am totally up to date in Windows Updates as of last week, but discovered this issue [today] during my Sunday morning PC maintenance ritual. In CONTROL PANEL - SYSTEM & SECURITY - Windows Update, when I select "Check for Updates", I get a pop-up stating: "Windows Update cannot currently check for updates, because the service is not running. You may need to restart your computer." I've re-started several times, checked that the service hadn't been disabled at start up, and I've googled extensively on the topic - but have come up with nothing. I know there must be some way to start the service from the cmd line, and I would like to know how to get the service to start at boot. Please let me know if I have left any details out that may aid in formulating a response. Any of the community's excellent insights would be greatly appreciated!

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• Why does running this program on 11.10 give a 'GLIBC_2.15 not found' error?

  - by RafLance

  I am trying to install Absinthe 2.0.4 on Ubuntu 11.10 on a netbook. When I try to run the install file, this keeps on happening: rafael@RafLaptop:~/Desktop/absinthe-linux-2.0.4$ ./absinthe.x86 ./absinthe.x86: /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.15' not found (required by ./absinthe.x86) Do I need to upgrade GLIBC? If so, how do I do that? Since I'm on a netbook I can't use a LiveCD so I wanted to know if there was a way I could fix this issue without reinstalling my whole OS. Any explanations about what GLIBC is exactly would be great too since this is a learning experience for me. I know that GLIBC is a part of libc.so.6 and so I tried to run sudo apt-get install libc.so.6 but was told that it was up to date. But GLIBC isn't? I hope this articulates my problem well, if there are any pieces of missing info or questions to clarity my question, please let me know! ~-~ EDIT/UPDATE: So after some help on the AskUbuntu chat room from user izx, I have gathered the following information/understanding: -I need to run this program with Ubuntu 12.04 or recompile it from source -Upgrading libc on Oneiric to 2.15 while possible, is not an easy task and is not officially supported.

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• how to make a continuous machine gun sound-effect

  - by Jan

  I am trying to make an entity fire one or more machine-guns. For each gun I store the time between shots (1.0 / firing rate) and the time since the last shot. Also I've loaded ~10 different gun-shot sound-effects. Now, for each gun I do the following: function update(deltatime): timeSinceLastShot += deltatime if timeSinceLastShot >= timeBetweenShots + verySmallRandomValue(): timeSinceLastShot -= timeBetweenShots if gunIsFiring: displayMuzzleFlash() spawnBullet() selectRandomSound().play() But now I often get a crackling noise (which I assume is when two or more guns are firing at the same time and confuse the sound-device). My question is whether A) This a common problem and there is a well-known solution, maybe to do with the channels or something, or B) I am using a completely wrong approach to the task. I had a look at some sound-assets for other games and they used complete burst with multiple shots. I suppose I could try that, but I would like to have organic little hickups in the gun-fire (that's what the random value is for) to make the game more gritty and dirty. I am using Panda3D, but I had the exact same problem in PyGame and SDL. [edit] Thanks a lot for the answers so far! One more problem with faking it though: Now how do I stop the sound? Let's say I have an effect with 5 bangs... *bang* *bang* *bang* *bang* *bang* And I magically manage to loop it so that there's no gap or overlap if the player fires more than 5 shots. Now, what do I do if the player stops firing halfway through the third bang? How do I know how long to keep playing the sample so that the third bang is completed and I can start playing the rumbling echo of the last shot? Of course I can look up the shot/pause timing of that sound-sample and code accordingly, but it feels extremely hacky.

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• What kind of SSL Cert do I need and where do I get it?

  - by chacham15

  I want to have subdomains with SSL within my domain. The main difference is that each subdomain is hosted by a different person with a different public key/private key pair. Let me illustrate with an example: User send his public key and requests subdomain from foo.com User is added and assigned subdomain bar (bar.foo.com). Users public key is stored for future validation against bar.foo.com User goes to bar.foo.com and see's a validated SSL connection. From what I gather, this means that I need to create a CA, which is fine. The problem is that from what I recall, a CA needs a special sort of SSL Cert. How do I go about getting this?

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• Signed and unsigned, and how bit extension works

  - by hatorade

  unsigned short s; s = 0xffff; int i = s; How does the extension work here? 2 larger order bytes are added, but I'm confused whether 1's or 0's are extended there. This is probably platform dependent so let's focus on what Unix does. Would the two bigger order bytes of the int be filled with 1's or 0's, and why? Basically, does the computer know that s is unsigned, and correctly assign 0's to the higher order bits of the int? So i is now 0x0000ffff? Or since ints are default signed in unix does it take the signed bit from s (a 1) and copy that to the higher order bytes?

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• Further question on Intel graphics driver

  - by Thomas Byers

  Ok, Josh answered almost immed.! I need to know specifically, now that I am using Nvidia card effectively, do I need to allow update manager to update the intel gr. drivers? I must add, I believe I know why Update Manager is telling me I need to update those Intel gr. drivers. It probably happened because I tried to update my nvidia drivers and got a buggy install, which let to to a black screen. I shut the system down manually after that and rebooted to a black screen and upon a further reboot I ascertained that I could still dual-boot(windows 7) into the other os. Then I went through the restart process and at the grub2 menu chose other options and it was probably, at that time, that Linux was smart enough to know that nvidia drivers as installed weren't cutting it, and reverted to the onboard Intel graphics system...does that make sense? Anyway, after successfully getting up and running, I reinstalled my old but successful nvidia drivers and all was well again, except now upon running Update Manager, I am offered the Intel graphics driver upgrade each time, which, up til now I have unchecked...my question is now more obvious. Should I accept the Intel driver update and if I do, will it once again override my nvidia drivers?

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• How can I use 2 monitors plus laptop with my Dell e6420 w/ Nvidia nvs 4200m

  - by KallDrexx

  I have just hooked up a 2nd external monitor to my Dell e6420 laptop with a Nvidia NVS 4200m graphics card, running Windows 8 64 bit. However, the computer won't let me have both monitors and the laptop display active at the same time. I installed the latest Nvidia graphics drivers (310.70) but it claims that my GPU can only support up to 2 monitors. Nivdia's website implies differently (as does various other laptops around the office). The monitors are connected both via DVI to my dell docking station that has multiple DVI ports. Both monitors are working correctly, I just can't get all 3 working together. Attempting to download the driver from dell fails, as their driver installer is broken apparently Any ideas?

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• Multiplayer online game engine/pipeline

  - by Slav

  I am implementing online multiplayer game where client must be written in AS3 (Flash) to embed game into browser and server in C++ (abstract part of which is already written and used with other games). Networking models may differ from each other, but currently I'm looking toward game's logic run on both client and server parts but they're written on different languages while it's not the main problem. My previous game (pretty big one - was implemented with efforts of ~5 programmers in 1.5 years) was mainly "written" within electronic tables as structured objects with implemented inheritance: was written standalone tool which generated AS3 and C++ (languages of platforms to which the game was published) using specified electronic tables file (.xls or .ods). That file contained ~50 tables with ~50 rows and ~50 columns each and was mainly written by game designers which do not know any programming languages. But that game was single-player. Having declared problem with my currently implementing MMO, I'm looking toward some vast pipeline, where will be resolved such problems like: game objects descriptions (which starships exist within game, how much HP they have, how fast move, what damage deal...) actions descriptions (what players or NPCs can do: attack each other, collect resources, build structures, move, teleport, cast spells) - actions are transmitted through server between clients influences (what happens when specified action applied on specified object, e.i "Ship A attacked Ship B: field "HP" of Ship B reduced by amount of field "damage" of Ship A" Influences can be much more difficult, yes, e.i. "damage is twice it's size when Ship has =5 allies around him in a 200 units range during night" and so on. If to be able to write such logic within some "design document" it will be easily possible to: let designers to do their job without programmer's intervention or any bug-prone programming validate described logic transfer (transform, convert) to any programming language where it will be executed Did somebody worked on something like that? Is there some tools/engines/pipelines which concernes with it? How to handle all of this problems simultaneously in a best way or do I properly imagine my tasks and problems to myself?

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• understanding mount -o bind

  - by Ionut

  Few questions after the following commands: mount -o bind /new_disk/home/user/ /home/user/ mount -o bind --no-mtab /new_disk/home/user/ /home/user/ What is the difference between the two commands other than " Mount without writing in /etc/mtab. This is necessary for example when /etc is on a read-only filesystem." What is the difference between mount -o bind and mount --bind ...if there are Let's suppose i don't know there is a partition mounted using -o bind --no-mtab...where can I find if there is any mound point with bind ? The only way i can detect this is grep user /proc/mounts but in that line there is no info abut bind. Thank you.

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• What to expect when creating a style guide?

  - by ted.strauss

  My organization would like to create a full fledged style guide that will be applicable to internal & external web sites, print advertising, trade show design, and overall branding. This article lays out the scope we're aiming for, and has links to many great examples style guide PDFs. The goal is to create a style guide comparable to one of these. I'd like to set realistic expectations within my organization for creating this document. So I have a few of questions pertaining to this: We don't have design staff. Should we be looking for a design firm or freelancer to come in for a 2-6 month contract, or do we need a longer commitment? If we do go with a firm or freelancer, would the pay-scale be comparable to typical design work, or is a style guide a higher order of work? How long should it take a pro to create a style guide? To make estimates more concrete, let's say web only, including all custom graphics. Any red flags to watch out for? (Compare: a new coder who fails to use css properly would be a red flag.)

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• What does dd conv=sync,noerror do?

  - by dding

  So what is the case when adding conv=sync,noerror makes a difference when backing up an entire hard disk onto an image file? Is conv=sync,noerror a requirement when doing forensic stuff? If so, why is it the case with reference to linux fedora? Edit: OK, so if I do dd without conv=sync,noerror, and dd encounters read error when reading the block (let's size 100M), does dd just skip 100M block and reads the next block without writing something (dd conv=sync,noerror writes zeros to 100M of output - so what about this case?)? And if is hash of original hard disk and output file different if done without conv=sync,noerror? Or is this only when read error occurred?

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• Permissionless external drive with NTFS

  - by user12889

  I have an external hard disk which has 1 partition, formatted in NTFS. I use this drive on multiple computers with a different logins on different machines, Windows XP and Windows 7. All files are plain old files, not OS encrypted or compressed. Every now and then Windows 7 does not let me access some files, citing permission problems. I can circumvent this per case by taking ownership and setting appropriate permissions. This, however, is tedious. Is there a simple way to tell Windows to not enforce or store any permissions on any file/directory on a partition?

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• does windows incremental backup include system state backup?

  - by Kossel

  I'm managing my very small office server with windows server 2008. since I have only one server, and the user group is really small. I made the first hdd into 2 partitions. one (C:) for windows and Active directory, another (D:) for tomcat and database. I'm doing incremental back C: and D: daily to hdd2 (E:) using windows server backup. is it enough to let me do fully restore my server in case of disaster? I ask this because I have read there is also a system state backup, and I also have to do that periodically in order to get AD back? isn't it with incremental/full backup I can do full bare-metal recovery?

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• Optimum number of threads while multitasking

  - by Gun Deniz

  I know similar questions have been asked but I think my case is a little bit diffrent. Let's say I have a computer with 8 cores and infinite memory with a Linux OS. I have a calculation software called Gaussian that can take advantage of multithreading. So I set its thread count to 8 for a single calculation for maximum speed. However I really can't decide what to do when I need to do run for instance 8 calculations simultaneously. In that case should I set the thread count to 1(total 8 threads spawned in 8 processes) or keep it 8(total 64 threads spawned in 8 processes) for each job? Does it really matter much? A related question is does the OS automatically does the core-parking to diffrent cores for each thread?

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• How bad it's have two methods with the same name but differents signatures in two classes?

  - by Super User

  I have a design problem relationated with the public interface, the names of methods and the understanding of my API and my code. I have two classes like this: class A: ... function collision(self): .... ... class B: .... function _collision(self, another_object, l, r, t, b): .... The first class have one public method named collision and the second have one private method called _collision. The two methods differs in arguments type and number. In the API _m method is private. For the example let's say that the _collision method checks if the object is colliding with another_ object with certain conditions l, r, t, b (for example, collide the left side, the right side, etc) and returns true or false according to the case. The collision method, on the other hand, resolves all the collisions of the object with other objects. The two methods have the same name because I think is better avoid overload the design with different names for methods who do almost the same think, but in distinct contexts and classes. This is clear enough to the reader or I should change the method's name?

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• Apache Rewrite Rules breaking each other?

  - by neezer

  I have this rule: RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/(manhattan|queens|westchester|new-jersey|bronx|brooklyn)-apartments/.*$ RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/guide/(.*)$ RewriteRule ^(.*)$ /home/neezer/public-html/domain.com/guide/$1 [L] Which works great on it's own. Essentially, I have a bunch of directories that have a bunch of files in them that I want to keep in the "/guide" folder, but I want them to appear at the web root for SEO reasons. This rule works, but unfortunately the original URL's still work too (with "/guide"). I want to 301 Redirect the ones with "/guide" in the URL to those without, without actually moving the files on the server. I tried adding this rule: RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} ^/guide/(manhattan|queens|westchester|new-jersey|bronx|brooklyn)-apartments/.*$ RewriteRule ^guide/(.*)$ http://www.domain.com/$1 [R=301,L] ... but that breaks my first rule completely. Any thoughts about what I might be doing wrong? Please let me know if you need to know anything else from me to help me with this issue.

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• TDD: Write a separate test for object initialization or relying on other tests exercising it

  - by DXM

  This seems to be the common pattern that's emerging in some of the tests I've worked on lately. We have a class, and quite often this is legacy code whose design can't be easily altered, which has a bunch of member variables. There's some kind of "Initialize" or "Load" function which would put an object into a valid state. Only after it is initialized/loaded, are the members in the proper state so that other methods can be exercised. So when we start writing tests, first test is "TestLoad" and all we put in there is exercising initialization logic. Then we might add one (or few) TestLoadFailureXXX tests and those are definitely valuable. Then we start writing tests to verify other behaviors but all of them require the object to be loaded. So they all start by running exactly the same code as "TestLoad". So my question: Is TestLoad even necessary? Do you take it and let other tests simply exercise the loading? Or leave it so things are more explicit? I know that each unit test function should have no (or as little as possible) overlap with other test functions, but it seems like in cases of loading, this is unavoidable. And whether we like it or not, if something in the loading code breaks, we will end up with a whole test suite of failures. Is there another approach that I might be missing here? Thank you for the responses. It definitely makes sense that you want to see "InitializationTest" and if that fails you know where to start looking. In case it matters, this question is mostly about C++ and we use CppUnit framework. And now, thanks to sleske, I'll be constantly wishing that CppUnit supported test dependencies. Might have to hack something in one of these days :)

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• Selling your iphone games. [closed]

  - by Artemix

  Hi. So, long story short, some days ago I pusblished an iPhone game, I think the game wasnt that bad tbh, and still I got only 10 sells at $0.99. Are they any publishers, sponsors, or distributors to make your game "visible" on the app store market?, or the only thing you need is to have an amazing game and thats all? Somehow I think that even if you have an awesome game if you dont do that "marketing magic" correctly you will not exist in the store. Now Im making a second game, completly different, and I want to know how to do things right. If anyone knows something about this topic, let me know. Thx in advance.

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• A Brief Soul Session with Joss Stone

  - by Oracle OpenWorld Blog Team

   By Karen Shamban The Oracle OpenWorld Music Festival is thrilled to have Joss Stone as one of its featured artists.  Stone took a few moments from her busy tour and travel schedule to answer a few questions for this blog, so read on:  Q. What do you like best about performing in front of a live audience?A. I love to bring the music to the people! It's all fun and games in the studio, and I love it, but the time comes when the world needs to hear it and it's nice to see their faces when they are hearing new songs. Q. Do you prefer smaller, intimate venues or larger, louder ones?  Why?A. I like the smaller ones sometimes, but it really depends on who is in the audience. I prefer it regardless of size when the audience is with you from the start and they dance and let the music take them over - as it does me when I'm on stage. Q. What about your fans surprises you?A. Not a lot really, they have always been very very sweet and polite and giving and loving. It doesn't surprise me because that's what the effect of music is. For the most part they are beautiful people. Little-known fact: Not only is Stone an award-winning musician, she acted in an award-winning television series, Showtime's The Tudors.  Stone played Anne of Cleves, Henry VIII's fourth wife.  Not only did she keep her cool - she kept her head. More about the Oracle OpenWorld Music Festival. More about Joss Stone.

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• Getting around the FAT32 4GB file size limit

  - by Aesir

  I recently purchased a 32GB USB 3 stick that was formatted FAT32. I plugged it into my computer and attempted to copy a film onto it, the file was over 4GB however and it would not let me copy the file across because of the 4GB file size limit imposed by FAT32. After some googling I found that I could format my USB stick to have an exFAT format which would mean I could put files onto the stick greater than 4GB in size and the drive would work on both my Mac and my PC. The problem with this solution is that my PS3 cannot detect the USB stick when it is formatted with exFAT. I would like to know if there is a way I can have my USB stick formatted so it can have files greater than 4 GB and work on my PC, Mac and PS3.

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• Javascript MVC in principle

  - by Michael

  Suppose I want to implement MVC in JavaScript. I am not asking about MVC frameworks. I am asking how to build it in principle. Let's consider a search page of an e-commerce site, which works s follows: User chooses a product and its attributes and press a "search" button. Application sends the search request to the server, receives a list of products. Application displays the list in the web page. I think the Model holds a Query and list of Product objects and "publishes" such events as "query updated", "list of products updated", etc. The Model is not aware of DOM and server, or course. View holds the entire DOM tree and "subscribes" to the Model events to update the DOM. Besides, it "publishes" such events as "user chose a product", "user pressed the search button" etc. Controller does not hold any data. It "subscribes" to the View events, calls the server and updates the Model. Does it make sense?

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• Can't bring NAT to work

  - by user31738

  Hello, I bought a D-link DIR-300 wireless router and i can't bring NAT to work, i have an ssh and http service i need to forward to the internet. My connection is as follows: I have an ADSL connection, i'm using a ADSL ethernet modem connected and working, it doesnt let me put it on bridge mode. I have my router connected to my adsl modem through ethernet, it gets its ip through DHCP (and i'ts always the same) I have a desktop computer running linux with apache and openssh configured and working, it has fixed ip. I configured the NAT in the modem forwarding port 22 from the router ip to the internet. In the router i setup NAT forwarding port 22 from the desktop computer fixed ip to out there. This setup already worked with a fonera i had before, can anyone help me with this or tell me what kind of tests do i need to do? How can i test if the router is forwarding ports correctly before the modem?

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• Tracking subdomains in the same profile as the main domain

  - by Osvaldo

  I have a site, let's call it http://www.example.com with a non-universal Google analytics account. Now we have to add new functionalities in a subdomain like https://subdomain.example.com as a micro site. On that subdomain the URL's will be something like https://subdomain.example.com?param1=foo&param2=bar We can't change the requirements as both main site and mini-site use a different CMS/application. This is strictly a Google Analytics question. But we need to count pageviews and events that happen in that subdomain (with URLs like https://subdomain.example.com?param1=foo&param2=bar) as belonging to the main domain. So pageviews and events in https://subdomain.example.com?param1=foo&param2=bar need to be recorded as if they happened in http://www.example.com/path/to/whatever/I/want Fortunately we have full control on JavaScript in the main domain site and in the subdomain site too. How can we make this work? Do we need to change tracking code both in the main domain and subdomains? Do we need to reconfigure Google Analytics? Please note again that we do not want to create a new view for the subdomain. Both mini-site and main site should be in the same account, property and view.

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